A wireless temperature and humidity data transmission method

Abstract

The present application relates to wireless data transmission technical field, disclose a kind of temperature and humidity data wireless transmission method.The method includes host initialization and enters receiving mode;Slave initialization obtains unique node serial number, sends delay time according to node serial number, staggered peak to host sends data frame;Host receives and returns confirmation palindrome, slave receives and enters dormancy, does not receive and then executes make-up transmission or reset.The present application solves the problem of multiple slave concurrent collision, high power consumption and data loss, realizes low power consumption, long distance, high reliable temperature and humidity data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless data transmission technology, and specifically to a method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data. Background Technology

[0002] in accordance with The "Technical Specification for Validation and Performance Confirmation of Temperature Control Facilities and Equipment in Cold Chain Logistics of Pharmaceutical Products" requires that stable transmission and complete retention of temperature and humidity data be achieved when testing temperature-controlled warehouses, temperature-controlled vehicles, refrigerated boxes, insulated boxes, and temperature monitoring systems.

[0003] Current mainstream temperature and humidity data transmission technologies have significant drawbacks: Wired transmission has limited coverage, and data loss rates can reach 15% to 20% when multiple devices are connected concurrently; wired transmission has low deployment flexibility, cannot adapt to dynamic scenarios, and has high maintenance costs; Bluetooth and Ordinary wireless technologies have short transmission distances and weak anti-interference capabilities; conventional While the technology boasts advantages in low power consumption and long-distance operation, its communication mechanism, which requires the master to actively wake up the slave, results in high power consumption due to the slave's continuous listening. The battery life is only 7 to 10 days, and there is a lack of effective conflict avoidance mechanism when multiple slaves are running concurrently, which can easily lead to data collisions and affect the integrity of transmission.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an optimized wireless temperature and humidity data acquisition method to solve the problems of stable long-distance transmission of multiple slave devices, low power consumption and battery life, and data integrity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a wireless transmission method for temperature and humidity data, solving the problems of high power consumption, instability, and easy data loss in existing wireless transmission technologies.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data, the method comprising: The host initializes and enters receive mode; After initialization, the slave device obtains a node sequence number, which is a unique identifier for the slave device. The slave device determines the transmission delay time based on the node sequence number, and sends a data frame to the master device after the transmission delay time has expired; After sending the data frame, the slave device starts a timer and waits for the master device to return an acknowledgment message; The host receives data frames within the receiving window and sends the acknowledgment message to the slave. If the host does not receive a data frame, it will remain in receive mode until a data frame is received. The master continuously monitors in receive mode. If no data frame is received within two consecutive slave transmission cycles, then execution is performed. Module reset operation; The slave device determines whether it has received the confirmation message within a preset time: If a confirmation message is received, the count of data to be retransmitted is updated; if the count of data to be retransmitted is zero, the system enters a sleep state until it is awakened in the next data acquisition cycle. If no confirmation reply is received, or if a confirmation reply is received but the count of data to be retransmitted is not zero, then the retransmission operation will be performed.

[0007] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the host configuration Communication parameters, the Communication parameters include spreading factor and bandwidth.

[0008] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the slave initialization includes performing... Module existence detection and parameter initialization.

[0009] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission delay time satisfy: ,in For node sequence number, The value range is from 1 to 500. For the preset time slice length, The value ranges from 2 seconds to 5 seconds.

[0010] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the retransmission operation includes: The slave device increments the retransmission count and retransmits data frames until an acknowledgment is received or the retransmission count reaches a preset retransmission threshold.

[0011] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the retransmission operation further includes: If no acknowledgment is received after the retransmission count reaches the preset retransmission threshold, a reset operation will be performed or data frames will be sent at the preset record interval, depending on whether the count of data to be retransmitted exceeds the preset number threshold.

[0012] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, the slave device shuts down the radio frequency transceiver module in sleep mode, and only maintains the timer operation.

[0013] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, after the host performs a reset operation, it re-initializes and opens the receiving window, waiting to receive data frames sent by the slave.

[0014] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, after receiving a data frame, the host parses the data frame and stores the temperature and humidity data, and at the same time generates and sends an acknowledgment reply.

[0015] Preferably, in one possible implementation of the first aspect, after the slave device wakes up in the next acquisition cycle, it acquires temperature and humidity data and repeatedly performs sending, waiting for a reply, hibernation, or retransmission.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention avoids the traditional methods of automatic reporting and hibernation by using the slave device's autonomous reporting and hibernation techniques. The high power consumption issue of continuous listening for wake-up signals during transmission has been addressed, and the slave quiescent current has been reduced to [amount missing]. The following technologies offer a battery life of over one year, representing a more than 10-fold improvement over existing technologies, significantly reducing the number of battery replacements and lowering maintenance costs.

[0017] By employing a time-slicing mechanism to allocate independent reporting time to each slave device, the collision problem in concurrent transmission of multiple devices is completely resolved. In a scenario with 400 slave devices, the transmission success rate reaches 99.9%, while the success rate of existing WiFi transmission is only 80% to 85%. With a transmission success rate of approximately 90% to 95%, this invention significantly improves the reliability of large-scale networking.

[0018] Relying on Spread spectrum communication technology, combined with optimized parameter configuration, enables a transmission distance of up to 3 kilometers. Its strong penetration capability can cover signal obstruction scenarios such as large warehouses and multi-story buildings, making it suitable for more cold chain verification scenarios.

[0019] By employing a multi-level retransmission technology involving retransmission and reset, the slave device automatically retransmits when it does not receive a reply, and the master device restarts if it times out, ensuring no data loss and improving data integrity to over 99.9%, thus meeting the stringent requirements for traceability of pharmaceutical cold chain data.

[0020] Wireless deployment eliminates the need for cabling, reducing deployment costs by more than 80% compared to wired transmission. It also adapts to both dynamic and static scenarios, lowering the cost of solution adaptation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This application provides a flowchart of a method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data.

[0023] Figure 2 This application provides a flowchart of the host algorithm steps.

[0024] Figure 3 This application provides a flowchart of the slave algorithm steps. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a wireless transmission method for temperature and humidity data. This method is applied to a temperature and humidity monitoring system consisting of one host and multiple slave devices, with communication between the host and slave devices via... Wireless communication technology facilitates data exchange. The host receives and processes temperature and humidity data reported by all slave devices, while the slave devices collect temperature and humidity data at their location and upload it to the host. The host algorithm flowchart is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the flowchart of the slave algorithm steps is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0027] After the host is powered on, its internal components... The communication module undergoes initial configuration. The configuration process includes setting... Communication parameters, with the key parameters being the spreading factor and bandwidth. Optimized configuration of the spreading factor and bandwidth enables long-distance transmission and strong anti-interference characteristics between the master and slave devices, making it suitable for complex environments with signal obstruction, such as large warehouses and multi-story buildings. After initialization, the master enters receive mode, opens the receive window, and receives data frames sent from each slave device.

[0028] Each slave device executes its own initialization process upon power-up. Slave initialization includes executing... Module existence detection and parameter initialization. Module existence detection is achieved by sending... Specific data is written to the register, then the data in the register is read and compared with the written data. If the two are equal, a result is determined. The module exists and is functioning correctly. Subsequently, the slave device... The module initializes its parameters to ensure they match those of the host, guaranteeing a smooth communication link. After initialization, the slave device acquires a unique identifier, the node sequence number. These node sequence numbers are pre-assigned to each slave device during system deployment, ranging from 1 to 500, to distinguish different slave devices.

[0029] After obtaining the node sequence number, the slave device calculates the transmission delay time based on that node sequence number. Transmission delay time ,in This represents the node number of the slave device. This represents the preset time slice length. Time slice length The value ranges from 2 to 5 seconds, with the specific value set according to the number of slave devices and the data acquisition frequency in the actual application scenario. For example, in a system containing 400 slave devices, the time slice length is set to 3 seconds. The slave device with node number 1 has a transmission delay of 3 seconds; the slave device with node number 2 has a transmission delay of 6 seconds; and the slave device with node number 400 has a transmission delay of 1200 seconds. In this embodiment, the transmission delay is 3 seconds. This time slicing mechanism allocates a unique and non-overlapping data reporting time period to each slave device.

[0030] After the delay period ends, the slave device encapsulates the collected temperature and humidity data into a data frame and transmits it via... The wireless link sends a data frame to the host. After sending the data frame, the slave device starts an internal timer and waits for an acknowledgment message from the host. In this embodiment, the waiting time is preset to [time value missing]. During this period, the slave device is in a receiving and listening state, waiting for a response from the master device.

[0031] The host continuously keeps its receive window open in receive mode. When the host's receive window aligns with the transmission time of a slave device, the host successfully receives the data frame sent by that slave device. After receiving the data frame, the host parses it, extracts the temperature and humidity data, and stores it in local memory. Simultaneously, the host generates an acknowledgment message and sends it via... The wireless link sends a notification to the slave device that just sent data, informing it that the data has been successfully received. If the master device does not receive any data frames from the slave device at any point, it continues to maintain its current receiving mode and listens to the wireless channel until it successfully receives the next data frame.

[0032] The host continuously monitors the channel status in receive mode. If the host fails to receive any data frames within two consecutive slave transmission cycles, it indicates a potential problem with the communication link, such as a problem with the host. The module crashes or the wireless environment deteriorates severely. In this case, the host will automatically execute... Module reset operation. After reset, the host reinitializes and reopens the receive window, waiting to receive data frames sent by the slave and attempting to restore the communication link.

[0033] After sending a data frame and starting a wait timer, the slave device determines whether it is within the preset time. Within a specified time, the slave device receives an acknowledgment message from the host. If the slave device successfully receives the acknowledgment message, it indicates that the data upload was successful. At this time, the slave device updates its internal count of data items awaiting retransmission. The count of data items awaiting retransmission records the number of data entries that have not yet been successfully uploaded to the host. Under normal circumstances, if there is no data to be retransmitted, this count is zero. When the slave device receives the acknowledgment message and the count of data items awaiting retransmission is zero, the slave device immediately enters sleep mode. In sleep mode, the slave device shuts down the RF transceiver module and only maintains the operation of a low-power timer to wake itself up in the next acquisition cycle. This strategy of immediately going to sleep after data reporting reduces the power consumption of the slave device, enabling the slave device to have a battery life of more than one year on a single battery charge.

[0034] If the slave device is in the preset... If no acknowledgment is received from the host within the specified time, or if an acknowledgment is received but the count of data to be retransmitted is not zero, the slave device performs a retransmission operation. The retransmission operation process is as follows: the slave device increments its internal retransmission count and then retransmits the data frame that was previously unacknowledged to the host. The slave device repeats this process, i.e., sending data frames, waiting for an acknowledgment, and incrementing the retransmission count, until one of the following two situations occurs: either the slave device successfully receives an acknowledgment from the host, or the retransmission count reaches a preset retransmission threshold. In this embodiment, the interval between each retransmission by the slave device is 1 minute, and the preset retransmission threshold is 8 times.

[0035] If the retransmission count reaches the preset retransmission threshold of 8 times but no acknowledgment message is received from the host, the slave device further determines whether its pending retransmission data count exceeds a preset threshold of 10 data entries. If the pending retransmission data count exceeds 10, it indicates a large amount of data has not been uploaded, and the slave device performs a reset operation to clear potential software faults and re-establish a stable communication link. If the pending retransmission data count does not exceed 10, it indicates a small amount of data has not been uploaded, and the slave device abandons immediate retransmission and instead continues to collect and send new data frames according to the preset recording interval to avoid power waste and channel congestion caused by excessive retransmission.

[0036] While the slave device is in sleep mode, its internal low-power timer continues to run. When the preset acquisition cycle is reached, the timer wakes the slave device from sleep mode. After being woken up, the slave device acquires temperature and humidity data, and then repeats the above-mentioned series of operations such as sending, waiting for a reply, sleeping, or retransmitting, forming a complete data acquisition and uploading cycle.

[0037] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data, characterized in that, The method includes: The host initializes and enters receive mode; After initialization, the slave device obtains the node sequence number, which is a unique identifier for the slave device. The slave device determines the transmission delay time based on the node sequence number, and sends a data frame to the master device after the transmission delay time has expired; After sending the data frame, the slave device starts a timer and waits for the master device to return an acknowledgment message; The host receives data frames within the receiving window and sends the acknowledgment message to the slave. If the host does not receive a data frame, it will remain in receive mode until a data frame is received. The master continuously monitors in receive mode. If no data frame is received within two consecutive slave transmission cycles, then execution is performed. Module reset operation; The slave device determines whether it has received the confirmation reply within a preset time: If a confirmation message is received, the count of data to be retransmitted is updated; if the count of data to be retransmitted is zero, the system enters a sleep state until it is awakened in the next data acquisition cycle. If no confirmation reply is received, or if a confirmation reply is received but the count of data to be retransmitted is not zero, then the retransmission operation will be performed.

2. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The host configuration Communication parameters, the Communication parameters include spreading factor and bandwidth.

3. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slave initialization includes performing... Module existence detection and parameter initialization.

4. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission delay time satisfy: ,in For node sequence number, The value range is from 1 to 500. For the preset time slice length, The value ranges from 2 seconds to 5 seconds.

5. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The retransmission operation includes: The slave device increments the retransmission count and retransmits data frames until an acknowledgment is received or the retransmission count reaches a preset retransmission threshold.

6. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The retransmission operation also includes: If no acknowledgment is received after the retransmission count reaches the preset retransmission threshold, a reset operation will be performed or data frames will be sent at the preset record interval, depending on whether the count of data to be retransmitted exceeds the preset number threshold.

7. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slave device shuts down the RF transceiver module in sleep mode, maintaining only the timer operation.

8. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the host performs a reset operation, it reinitializes and opens the receiving window, waiting to receive data frames sent by the slave.

9. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the data frame, the host parses the data frame and stores the temperature and humidity data, and at the same time generates and sends an acknowledgment message.

10. The method for wireless transmission of temperature and humidity data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the slave device wakes up in the next acquisition cycle, it acquires temperature and humidity data and repeatedly executes the processes of sending, waiting for a reply, sleeping, or retransmitting.

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