A wireless positioning system applied to mine transportation belt pull rope switch
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611157384.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-16
AI Technical Summary
传统的拉绳开关状态监测多采用有线连接方式，存在布线复杂和安装维护困难等问题，特别是在长距离输送系统中难以实现实时可靠的状态监测，而采用无线传感技术进行监测，其信号的传输稳定性、抗干扰能力和功耗方面仍存在不足，难以满足工业现场恶劣环境下的长期可靠运行需求，维护成本高，有鉴于此，提出一种应用于矿山运输皮带拉绳开关无线定位系统
本发明设置有遥测采集模块与远程主站模块，二者之间采用无线连接，无需耗费大量的线缆材料和施工成本进行布线，并为每个拉绳开关分配唯一地址编号，将拉绳开关的触发信号远传至主站，集控室可及时获知具体发生报警的开关位置，指引人员直奔故障点，免去了漫长的全线人工排查过程，大幅缩短了停机排故时间，提升了矿山生产效率；
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Figure CN122934457A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring technology for mining conveyor belts, specifically a wireless positioning system for pull rope switches on mining conveyor belts. Background Technology
[0002] As an important safety protection device for conveying equipment, pull rope switches are widely used in material conveying systems in industries such as mining, ports, and power. When equipment malfunctions or requires emergency shutdown, triggering the pull rope switches arranged along the line can achieve rapid power-off protection, which plays an important role in ensuring personnel safety and preventing equipment damage. Traditional pull-rope switch status monitoring mostly uses wired connections, which has problems such as complex wiring and difficult installation and maintenance. In particular, it is difficult to achieve real-time and reliable status monitoring in long-distance conveyor systems. While wireless sensing technology is used for monitoring, its signal transmission stability, anti-interference ability and power consumption are still insufficient, making it difficult to meet the long-term reliable operation requirements in harsh industrial environments and resulting in high maintenance costs. In view of this, a wireless positioning system for pull-rope switches of mining conveyor belts is proposed. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts, which provides accurate positioning, real-time and stable monitoring, and reduces operation and maintenance costs.
[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mine transport belts, including a telemetry acquisition module and a remote master station module; The telemetry acquisition module is used to assign a unique address number to each pull-cord switch, and wirelessly transmits a positioning signal carrying the address number after the corresponding pull-cord switch is triggered. The remote master station module is wirelessly connected to the telemetry acquisition module to receive and parse the positioning signal, and to display and store the parsed address number locally, so as to achieve accurate wireless positioning of the pull-cord switch trigger position.
[0005] In some embodiments, the telemetry acquisition module includes a telemetry microcontroller, an analog acquisition circuit, an isolation circuit, a first LoRa module, and a buck-boost circuit.
[0006] In some embodiments, the telemetry microcontroller includes a central processing unit, a data storage unit, a program storage unit, a bidirectional input port, a bidirectional output port, I2C, SPI, I2S, USART, ADC, RTC, an advanced control PWM timer, a 16-bit timer, a watchdog timer, and a SysTick timer.
[0007] In some embodiments, the buck-boost circuit includes an ultra-low power DC-DC buck-boost converter chip, a power inductor, an input filter capacitor, an output filter capacitor, and a power feedback loop consisting of voltage divider resistors connected in series. In some embodiments, the analog acquisition circuit includes a 2M ohm resistor and a terminal connected in series in the normally closed contact circuit of the pull-cord switch. The level output terminal of the terminal is connected to the input terminal of a first optocoupler, the output terminal of the first optocoupler is connected to the gate of a field-effect transistor, and the drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the input terminal of a NAND gate logic chip to form a signal shaping circuit.
[0008] In some embodiments, the isolation circuit includes a second optocoupler, and the output of the NAND gate logic chip is electrically isolated through the second optocoupler and then connected to the WAKEUP pin of the telemetry microcontroller.
[0009] In some embodiments, the remote master station module includes a master station microcontroller, a second LoRa module, a 485 level conversion circuit, a display, a master station memory, and a step-down circuit; The second LoRa module, the 485 level conversion circuit, the display, and the master station memory are all electrically connected to the master station microcontroller. The input of the step-down circuit is connected to an external 24V DC power supply, and its output provides power to the various components in the remote master station module.
[0010] In some embodiments, the telemetry microcontroller is configured to be in a deep sleep state during normal operation, and its power control pin is connected to the power supply circuit of the first LoRa module.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first optocoupler and the second optocoupler are independent of each other.
[0012] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention is equipped with a telemetry acquisition module and a remote master station module, which are wirelessly connected. This eliminates the need for extensive cabling and construction costs. Each pull-rope switch is assigned a unique address number, and the trigger signal of the pull-rope switch is transmitted to the master station. The control room can promptly know the location of the switch that triggered the alarm, guiding personnel directly to the fault point. This eliminates the lengthy manual troubleshooting process, significantly shortens downtime for troubleshooting, and improves mine production efficiency. Meanwhile, the telemetry microcontroller is configured to be in a deep sleep state during normal operation, and the first LoRa module is completely powered off when not in alarm mode. The analog acquisition circuit innovatively uses a 2M ohm resistor in series to limit the standby current. The system is activated only by the wake-up pin at the moment the cord switch is activated, so that the telemetry module can achieve a long battery life of several years with a small capacity battery, eliminating the trouble of frequent battery replacement and reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs. It also utilizes a signal shaping circuit composed of field-effect transistors and NOT gate logic chips to effectively filter out noise generated by mechanical contact jitter, and uses independent first and second optocouplers for double electrical isolation to completely block external high-voltage interference signals from entering the core control area of the microcontroller, ensuring the stability and reliability of the wireless positioning system under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the telemetry acquisition module of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the remote master station module of the present invention.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. First LoRa module; 2. Telemetry microcontroller; 3. Isolation circuit; 4. Analog acquisition circuit; 5. Buck-boost circuit; 6. Battery; 7. Second LoRa module; 8. Display; 9. Master station memory; 10. Master station microcontroller; 11. 485 level conversion circuit; 12. Buck circuit. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0016] See Figure 1-2 A wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts includes a telemetry acquisition module and a remote master station module; The telemetry acquisition module is used to assign a unique address number to each pull-cord switch, and wirelessly transmits a positioning signal carrying the address number after the corresponding pull-cord switch is triggered. The remote master station module is wirelessly connected to the telemetry acquisition module to receive and parse the positioning signal, and to display and store the parsed address number locally, so as to achieve accurate wireless positioning of the pull-cord switch trigger position.
[0017] In some embodiments, the telemetry acquisition module includes a telemetry microcontroller 2, an analog acquisition circuit 4, an isolation circuit 3, a first LoRa module 1, and a buck-boost circuit 5.
[0018] In some embodiments, the telemetry microcontroller 2 includes a central processing unit, a data storage, a program storage, a bidirectional input port, a bidirectional output port, I2C, SPI, I2S, USART, ADC, RTC, an advanced control PWM timer, a 16-bit timer, a watchdog timer, and a SysTick timer.
[0019] In some embodiments, the buck-boost circuit 5 includes an ultra-low power DC-DC buck-boost converter chip, a power inductor, an input filter capacitor, an output filter capacitor, and a power feedback loop composed of voltage divider resistors connected in series. In some embodiments, the analog acquisition circuit 4 includes a 2M ohm resistor and a terminal connected in series in the normally closed contact circuit of the pull rope switch. The level output terminal of the terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first optocoupler, the output terminal of the first optocoupler is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the input terminal of the NAND gate logic chip to form a signal shaping circuit.
[0020] In some embodiments, the isolation circuit 3 includes a second optocoupler. After the output of the NAND gate logic chip is electrically isolated through the second optocoupler, it is connected to the WAKEUP pin of the telemetry microcontroller 2.
[0021] In some embodiments, the remote master station module includes a master station microcontroller 10, a second LoRa module 7, a 485 level conversion circuit 11, a display 8, a master station memory 9, and a step-down circuit 12. The second LoRa module 7, the 485 level conversion circuit 11, the display 8 and the master station memory 9 are electrically connected to the master station microcontroller 10 respectively. The input of the step-down circuit 12 is connected to an external 24V DC power supply, and its output supplies power to the various components in the remote master station module.
[0022] In some embodiments, the telemetry microcontroller 2 is configured to be in a deep sleep state during normal operation, and its power control pin is connected to the power supply circuit of the first LoRa module 1.
[0023] In some embodiments, the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler are independent of each other.
[0024] Working Principle: When the pull rope switch of the mine conveyor belt is triggered, the normally closed contact inside the pull rope switch opens. This is an existing trigger-type switch technology, which will not be elaborated on here. This change is keenly captured by the analog acquisition circuit 4. The level output terminal of the terminal head transmits the signal to the first optocoupler. The output terminal of the first optocoupler drives the gate of the field-effect transistor to flip its state. Subsequently, the drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the NAND gate logic chip to perform signal shaping, eliminating the noise and physical jitter generated at the moment of mechanical contact action, forming a clean trigger edge level, thus completing the monitoring of the belt status and the shaping of the output signal. The 2M ohm high-value resistor connected in series in the normally closed contact circuit acts as a current limiter. This serves to reduce standby power consumption. Next, to prevent high-voltage electromagnetic interference from the mine site from entering the core control circuit, the shaped signal output from the NAND gate logic chip undergoes secondary electrical isolation via the second optocoupler in isolation circuit 3. Since the first and second optocouplers are independent, complete opto-isolation between the field signal and the MCU processing system is achieved. This dual isolation protects the microcontroller core; even if an extremely strong electrostatic discharge or lightning surge occurs, it will not cross the two independent optocouplers and damage the telemetry microcontroller, greatly improving the equipment's survivability and false alarm prevention capabilities in harsh industrial environments. The isolated signal is then connected to the telemetry microcontroller 2. The WAKEUP pin instantly triggers the microcontroller to exit deep sleep mode, achieving electrical isolation and system wake-up. After the telemetry microcontroller 2 is woken up, the power control pin is immediately turned on to power the first LoRa module 1. The microcontroller reads the unique address number representing the current physical location of the pull-rope switch, such as "No. 1 mine belt - 15th node", which is pre-configured in the program memory. It packages this address into a positioning signal and transmits it wirelessly through the first LoRa module 1, realizing the functions of address addressing and wireless transmission. After transmission, the microcontroller cuts off the LoRa power again and quickly returns to deep sleep mode, waiting for the next trigger, i.e., when not in use. The system operates in sleep mode only upon triggering, reducing the standby current of the telemetry acquisition module to the microamplitude level. This allows a single ordinary battery to support the device's operation for several years, eliminating the significant maintenance costs associated with frequent battery replacements for miners. The second LoRa module 7 monitors the wireless frequency band in real time. Once it receives a positioning signal from the telemetry acquisition module, it immediately transmits the signal to the master station microcontroller 10 for analysis and positioning. The remote master station module is typically installed in the control room and powered by an external 24V DC power supply. The step-down circuit 12 converts this power to the required safe voltage, ensuring the long-term operation of the remote master station module and its ability to receive signals and issue alarms in real time.Finally, the main station microcontroller 10 extracts the address number from the signal and displays it locally via audible and visual alarms and text on the display 8, precisely indicating which pull-cord switch was triggered. This achieves accurate wireless positioning, guiding maintenance personnel directly to the fault location. Simultaneously, the trigger time and address data are stored in the main station memory 9 for historical tracing and retrieval. Furthermore, the main station microcontroller can access the stored records via the 485 level conversion circuit 11, and an external PLC can access them via the Modbus RTU protocol.
[0025] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A wireless positioning system for pull rope switches on mine conveyor belts, characterized in that: Includes a telemetry acquisition module and a remote master station module; The telemetry acquisition module is used to assign a unique address number to each pull-cord switch, and wirelessly transmits a positioning signal carrying the address number after the corresponding pull-cord switch is triggered. The remote master station module is wirelessly connected to the telemetry acquisition module to receive and parse the positioning signal, and to display and store the parsed address number locally, so as to achieve accurate wireless positioning of the pull-cord switch trigger position.
2. The wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telemetry acquisition module includes a telemetry microcontroller (2), an analog acquisition circuit (4), an isolation circuit (3), a first LoRa module (1), and a step-up / step-down circuit (5). The input terminal of the analog acquisition circuit (4) is connected to the contact of an external pull-rope switch, and its output terminal is connected to the wake-up pin of the telemetry microcontroller (2) through the isolation circuit (3). The first LoRa module (1) and the buck-boost circuit (5) are respectively connected to the telemetry microcontroller (2), and the buck-boost circuit (5) is also connected to a battery (6) to provide power.
3. The wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telemetry microcontroller (2) includes a central processing unit, a data storage unit, a program storage unit, a bidirectional input port, a bidirectional output port, I2C, SPI, I2S, USART, ADC, RTC, an advanced control PWM timer, a 16-bit timer, a watchdog timer, and a SysTick timer.
4. The wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buck-boost circuit (5) includes an ultra-low power DC-DC buck-boost converter chip, a power inductor, an input filter capacitor, an output filter capacitor, and a power feedback loop composed of voltage divider resistors connected in series.
5. A wireless positioning system for pull rope switches on mine conveyor belts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analog acquisition circuit (4) includes a 2M ohm resistor and a terminal head connected in series in the normally closed contact circuit of the pull rope switch. The level output terminal of the terminal head is connected to the input terminal of the first optocoupler. The output terminal of the first optocoupler is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor. The drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the input terminal of the NAND gate logic chip to form a signal shaping circuit.
6. A wireless positioning system for pull rope switches on mine conveyor belts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The isolation circuit (3) includes a second optocoupler. The output terminal of the NAND gate logic chip is electrically isolated through the second optocoupler and then connected to the WAKEUP pin of the telemetry microcontroller (2).
7. The wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote master station module includes a master station microcontroller (10), a second LoRa module (7), a 485 level conversion circuit (11), a display (8), a master station memory (9), and a step-down circuit (12). The second LoRa module (7), the 485 level conversion circuit (11), the display (8) and the master station memory (9) are electrically connected to the master station microcontroller (10) respectively; The input terminal of the step-down circuit (12) is connected to an external 24V DC power supply, and its output terminal supplies power to the various components in the remote master station module.
8. The wireless positioning system for pull rope switches of mining conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telemetry microcontroller (2) is configured to be in deep sleep mode during normal operation, and its power control pin is connected to the power supply circuit of the first LoRa module (1).
9. A wireless positioning system for a pull rope switch on a mining conveyor belt according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first optocoupler and the second optocoupler are independent of each other.