A fuel cell direct current conversion device shell with integrated heat dissipation function

Abstract

The application relates to a fuel cell direct current conversion device shell with integrated heat dissipation function and relates to the technical field of direct current conversion devices. The device shell comprises a main shell and an end cover, a plurality of conversion circuits are arranged in the main shell, a fan area is arranged in the main shell, a plurality of heat dissipation substrates are arranged between the fan area and the conversion circuits, the heat dissipation substrates are arranged above power modules in the main shell, cooling pipes are arranged between the heat dissipation substrates and the corresponding conversion circuits, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are vertically arranged on the surfaces of the heat dissipation substrates, the top ends of the heat dissipation fins pass through the end cover, a plurality of heat dissipation grooves are formed in the inner walls of the main shell facing the fan area, a heat dissipation cavity is formed in the wall of the main shell around the heat dissipation grooves, the heat dissipation cavity is filled with microcapsule phase change materials, and the phase change temperature of the microcapsule phase change materials is 65 DEG C. The application has the effects of improving the heat dissipation performance of the direct current conversion device shell and protecting the working safety of the direct current conversion device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of DC-DC converter technology, and in particular to a housing for a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function. Background Technology

[0002] DC-DC converters are core components of power electronic systems and are widely used in fields such as communication power supplies, new energy vehicles, industrial control, and aerospace. During operation, internal power semiconductor devices (such as MOSFETs and IGBTs) and magnetic components (such as transformers and inductors) generate a large amount of heat. If this heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, it will cause the junction temperature of the devices to rise, and in severe cases, it will cause thermal failure, affecting the reliability and service life of the device.

[0003] Existing DC-DC converters typically house power devices within a metal casing, which serves both structural support and heat dissipation functions. However, the heat dissipation performance of the casing in current technologies still suffers from the following shortcomings: Firstly, traditional casings often employ integrated stamping or casting structures, resulting in limited contact area between the casing and the heat-generating devices and a long heat conduction path, leading to low efficiency in heat transfer from the devices to the casing. Secondly, the outer surfaces of existing casings are mostly smooth planes or simple bending structures, limiting the heat dissipation area and resulting in low natural convection heat transfer coefficients. Under high power density conditions, relying solely on natural heat dissipation from the casing is insufficient to meet the cooling requirements, often necessitating the addition of cooling fans or heat sinks. This not only increases the size of the device but also introduces additional points of failure, reducing system reliability. Therefore, how to improve the heat dissipation performance of the DC-DC converter casing itself without significantly increasing its size has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the DC-DC converter housing and protect the operational safety of the DC-DC converter, this application provides a fuel cell DC-DC converter housing with integrated heat dissipation function.

[0005] The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A housing for a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function includes a housing, which comprises a main housing and an end cap disposed at an opening at the top of the main housing. The main housing contains several conversion circuits and a fan zone. Several heat dissipation substrates are disposed between the fan zone and the conversion circuits. Each heat dissipation substrate is positioned above a power module inside the main housing, and each heat dissipation substrate corresponds one-to-one with a conversion circuit. Cooling pipes are provided between each heat dissipation substrate and its corresponding conversion circuit. Several heat dissipation fins are vertically arranged on the surface of each heat dissipation substrate, with the tips of the fins passing through the end cap. Several heat dissipation grooves are formed on the inner wall of the main housing facing the fan zone. Heat dissipation cavities are formed in the wall surrounding the heat dissipation grooves, and these cavities are filled with microcapsule phase change material with a phase change temperature of 65°C. A temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the main housing is disposed on the surface of the end cap.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the conversion circuit is working, the power module will generate a large amount of heat. The heat dissipation substrate is set above the power module, so that the heat can be directed to the heat dissipation fins in the middle. The fan in the fan area drives the cold air to exchange heat with the heat dissipation substrate and heat dissipation fins and then exhaust it from the other side. At the same time, the heat generated by the conversion circuit itself will also come to the heat dissipation substrate through the cooling pipe, thereby achieving heat exchange and achieving the purpose of effective cooling. At the same time, microcapsule phase change material is set. When the conversion circuit is working and the temperature rises, the microcapsule phase change material absorbs heat and melts. The cooling of the main shell will be limited to its phase change temperature, which is around 65°C. This means that the fan in the fan area does not need to run at full speed, thereby reducing noise and efficiency during heat dissipation. The temperature detection sensor also allows the temperature inside the main shell to be monitored at will.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of air guide plates are provided between the fan area and the heat dissipation substrate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the air guide plate can be set to concentrate the airflow towards the heat dissipation substrate, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0009] Preferably, the end faces of the side walls on both sides of the main housing are provided with water inlets and water outlets, and cooling channels are provided inside the side walls on both sides of the main housing to connect the water inlets and water outlets.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, water cooling is used to absorb heat from both sides simultaneously, avoiding insufficient heat dissipation on one side. This allows it to work in conjunction with air cooling to improve the heat dissipation and cooling effect.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling channels are arranged in a meandering shape inside the side walls of the main housing.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the length of the cooling water flow can be extended, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom wall of the main housing is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, and a Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main housing. One side of the Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module is attached to the bottom wall of the main housing, and the other side is attached to the external heat dissipation fins.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, Bi2Te3 material can both cool and generate electricity, enabling the recovery of excess heat and thus improving energy utilization.

[0015] Preferably, the end cap surface has a plurality of upper heat dissipation holes, and each upper heat dissipation hole surface is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate being made of NiTi shape memory alloy.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, NiTi simultaneously possesses properties such as superelasticity, high damping, and biocompatibility. When the temperature inside the main shell is less than 50°C, NiTi contracts, causing the upper heat dissipation holes to close. When the temperature is greater than 70°C, NiTi expands, and the upper heat dissipation holes are fully open, maximizing heat dissipation and thus improving the flexibility of heat dissipation.

[0017] Preferably, the main housing sidewall is embedded with a plurality of annular piezoelectric ceramic plates, and an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve are respectively provided at both ends of the annular piezoelectric ceramic plates.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, unidirectional airflow can be achieved within the main casing, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the main casing.

[0019] Preferably, the end cap surface is provided with a vent valve.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat dissipation efficiency of the end cap can be improved by setting a vent valve.

[0021] Preferably, each of the heat dissipation slots is provided with a removable dustproof mesh.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the frequency of dust entering the main housing can be effectively reduced, ensuring the stable operation of internal components.

[0023] Preferably, the bottom wall of the main housing is provided with a plurality of support legs, the bottom wall of the main housing is provided with a plurality of lower end heat dissipation holes, and the bottom wall of the main housing is also provided with a plurality of heat dissipation ribs.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat dissipation holes and heat dissipation fins at the lower end can effectively improve the heat dissipation performance of the lower side of the main casing.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the conversion circuit is working, the power module will generate a lot of heat. The heat dissipation plate is set above the power module, so that the heat can be directed to the heat dissipation fins in the middle. The fan in the fan area drives the cold air to exchange heat with the heat dissipation plate and heat dissipation fins and then exhaust it from the other side. At the same time, the heat generated by the conversion circuit itself will also come to the heat dissipation plate through the cooling pipe, thereby achieving heat exchange and achieving the purpose of effective cooling. 2. This application incorporates microcapsule phase change material. When the conversion circuit operates and the temperature rises, the microcapsule phase change material absorbs heat and melts. The cooling of the main shell will be limited to its phase change temperature, which is around 65°C. This means that the fan in the fan area does not need to run at full speed, thereby reducing noise and efficiency during heat dissipation. The temperature detection sensor also allows the temperature inside the main shell to be monitored at will. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom of the main housing in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main housing in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation groove in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooling channel according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a side view of the main housing according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Device housing; 11. Main housing; 111. Heat dissipation groove; 112. Heat dissipation cavity; 113. Microcapsule phase change material; 114. Water inlet; 115. Water outlet; 116. Cooling channel; 117. Heat dissipation fins; 118. Lower heat dissipation hole; 119. Heat dissipation rib; 12. End cap; 121. Temperature detection sensor; 122. Upper heat dissipation hole; 123. Cover plate; 124. Vent valve; 13. Support leg; 2. Conversion circuit; 3. Fan area; 4. Heat dissipation base plate; 41. Heat dissipation fins; 42. Cooling pipe; 43. Air guide plate; 5. Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module; 6. Annular piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 61. Inlet valve; 62. Exhaust valve; 7. Removable dustproof net. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0034] This application discloses a housing for a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The device includes a housing 1, which includes a main housing 11 and an end cap 12 located at the top opening of the main housing 11. The main housing 11 and the end cap 12 are detachably connected by bolts. The bottom wall of the main housing 11 is provided with several support legs 13 located at the corners of the main housing 11. The bottom wall of the main housing 11 is provided with several lower heat dissipation holes 118 and several heat dissipation ribs 119. The lower heat dissipation holes 118 and heat dissipation ribs 119 can effectively improve the heat dissipation performance of the lower side of the main housing 11. In this embodiment, the device housing 1 is made of aluminum alloy.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The main housing 11 contains several conversion circuits 2, the power modules of which are embedded in the bottom wall of the main housing 11. A fan area 3 is located within the main housing 11, and several heat dissipation substrates 4 are positioned between the fan area 3 and the conversion circuits 2. The heat dissipation substrates 4 are positioned above the power modules inside the main housing 11, with each heat dissipation substrate 4 corresponding to a specific conversion circuit 2. Cooling pipes 42 connect the heat dissipation substrate 4 to its corresponding conversion circuit 2, thereby conducting heat generated by the conversion circuits 2 and the power modules to the heat dissipation substrates 4. The surface is vertically provided with several heat dissipation fins 41, and the end cover 12 is provided with a groove along the thickness direction. The top of the heat dissipation fins 41 passes through the groove reserved on the end cover 12. Several heat dissipation slots 111 are provided on the inner wall of the main housing 11 facing the fan area 3. Each heat dissipation slot 111 is provided with a removable dustproof net 7, which can effectively reduce the frequency of dust entering the main housing 11 and ensure the stable operation of the internal components. Several air guide plates 43 are provided between the fan area 3 and the heat dissipation base plate 4. The air guide plates 43 can concentrate the airflow towards the heat dissipation base plate 4 to improve the cooling effect.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The main housing 11 has a heat dissipation cavity 112 in the wall surrounding the heat dissipation slot 111. The heat dissipation cavity 112 is filled with microcapsule phase change material 113 (i.e., PCM). The phase change temperature of the microcapsule phase change material 113 is 65°C. The end cap 12 is provided with a temperature detection sensor 121 for monitoring the internal temperature of the main housing 11. When the conversion circuit 2 is working and the temperature rises, the microcapsule phase change material 113 absorbs heat and melts. The cooling of the main housing 11 will be limited to its phase change temperature, i.e., around 65°C. This means that the fan in the fan area 3 does not need to run at full speed, thereby reducing noise and functionality during heat dissipation. When the temperature drops, the PCM naturally solidifies and releases heat, and the remaining heat can flow out through the heat dissipation slot 111.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The end faces of the side walls on both sides of the main housing 11 are provided with water inlets 114 and water outlets 115. Cooling channels 116 are opened in the side walls on both sides of the main housing 11 to connect the water inlets 114 and water outlets 115. In this embodiment, the cooling channels 116 are arranged in a meandering shape inside the side walls on both sides of the main housing 11. By using water cooling, heat is absorbed from both sides at the same time, avoiding insufficient heat dissipation on one side. This allows it to work in conjunction with air cooling to improve the heat dissipation and cooling effect. The meandering arrangement of the cooling channels 116 can extend the length through which the cooling water flows, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom wall of the main housing 11 is provided with several heat dissipation fins 117, and a Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module 5 is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main housing 11. One side of the Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module 5 is attached to the bottom wall of the main housing 11, and the other side is attached to the external heat dissipation fins 117. The Bi2Te3 material can both cool and generate electricity, so that excess heat can be recovered, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The end cap 12 has several upper heat dissipation holes 122 on its surface. Each upper heat dissipation hole 122 is covered with a cover plate 123. The cover plate 123 is made of NiTi shape memory alloy. NiTi has the characteristics of super elasticity, high damping and biocompatibility. When the temperature inside the main shell 11 is less than 50°C, NiTi contracts, causing the upper heat dissipation holes 122 to close. When the temperature is greater than 70°C, NiTi expands, and the upper heat dissipation holes 122 are fully open, thereby maximizing heat dissipation and improving the flexibility of heat dissipation.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 The main housing 11 has several annular piezoelectric ceramic plates 6 embedded in its side wall. The annular piezoelectric ceramic plates 6 are respectively provided with an air inlet valve 61 and an air outlet valve 62 at both ends, which can realize the unidirectional flow of air in the main housing 11, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the main housing 11. The end cover 12 is provided with a vent valve 124, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the end cover 12.

[0041] The implementation principle of a fuel cell DC-DC converter housing with integrated heat dissipation function in this application embodiment is as follows: When the conversion circuit 2 is working, the power module will generate a large amount of heat. The heat dissipation substrate 4 is set above the power module, so that the heat can be directed to the heat dissipation fins 41 in the middle. The fan of the fan area 3 drives the cold air to exchange heat with the heat dissipation substrate 4 and the heat dissipation fins 41 and then exhaust it from the other side. At the same time, the heat generated by the conversion circuit 2 itself will also come to the heat dissipation substrate 4 through the cooling pipe 42, thereby achieving heat exchange and achieving the purpose of effective cooling. At the same time, a microcapsule phase change material 113 is provided. When the conversion circuit 2 is working and the temperature rises, the microcapsule phase change material 113 absorbs heat and melts. The cooling of the main housing 11 will be limited to its phase change temperature, i.e., around 65°C, so that the fan of the fan area 3 does not need to run at full speed, thereby reducing the noise and function during heat dissipation. The temperature detection sensor 121 can also make the temperature inside the main housing 11 easily monitored, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation of the housing.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A housing for a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function, comprising a housing, the housing including a main housing and an end cap disposed at an opening at the top of the main housing, wherein a plurality of conversion circuits are disposed within the main housing, characterized in that: A fan area is provided inside the main housing. Several heat dissipation substrates are provided between the fan area and the conversion circuit. The heat dissipation substrates are located above the power module inside the main housing. Each heat dissipation substrate corresponds to a conversion circuit. Cooling pipes are provided between the heat dissipation substrates and their corresponding conversion circuits. Several heat dissipation fins are vertically arranged on the surface of the heat dissipation substrates. The tops of the heat dissipation fins pass through the end cap. Several heat dissipation grooves are formed on the inner wall of the main housing facing the fan area. Heat dissipation cavities are formed in the wall of the main housing surrounding the heat dissipation grooves. The heat dissipation cavities are filled with microcapsule phase change material. The phase change temperature of the microcapsule phase change material is 65°C. A temperature detection sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the main housing is provided on the surface of the end cap.

2. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several air guide plates are provided between the fan area and the heat dissipation base plate.

3. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end faces of the side walls on both sides of the main housing are provided with water inlets and outlets, and cooling channels are opened in the side walls on both sides of the main housing to connect the water inlets and outlets.

4. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling channels are arranged in a meandering manner inside the side walls of the main housing.

5. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the main housing is provided with several heat dissipation fins, and a Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main housing. One side of the Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module is attached to the bottom wall of the main housing, and the other side is attached to the external heat dissipation fins.

6. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cap has several upper heat dissipation holes on its surface, and each upper heat dissipation hole is provided with a cover plate, which is made of NiTi shape memory alloy.

7. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main housing is embedded with several annular piezoelectric ceramic plates, and an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve are respectively provided at both ends of the annular piezoelectric ceramic plates.

8. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vent valve is provided on the surface of the end cap.

9. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned heat dissipation slots is equipped with a removable dustproof mesh.

10. The housing of a fuel cell DC-DC converter with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the main housing is provided with several legs, and the bottom wall of the main housing is provided with several lower heat dissipation holes. The bottom wall of the main housing is also provided with several heat dissipation ribs.

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