A solar cell, a cell assembly, and a photovoltaic system

Abstract

The application discloses a solar cell, a cell assembly and a photovoltaic system, and relates to the technical field of solar cells. The solar cell comprises a cell substrate and an isolation protective layer. A light-receiving surface of the cell substrate comprises a first edge region and a middle region. The first edge region is arranged on at least one side of the middle region in a first direction. The isolation protective layer comprises a first isolation structure and a second isolation structure. The first isolation structure is laminated on a surface of the first edge region. The second isolation structure is laminated on a surface of the middle region. The first isolation structure comprises a plurality of isolation portions arranged at intervals in a second direction. An intermittent region is formed between two adjacent isolation portions. The isolation portion comprises a plurality of first isolation glue segments arranged at intervals in the first direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect with each other. The second isolation structure comprises a plurality of isolation glue convex points arranged in a matrix. By adopting the application, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell can be improved, and adverse effects such as warping deformation and hidden cracks can be reduced, so that the yield of products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar cell technology, and more particularly to a solar cell, a battery module, and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cell technology, back-contact solar cells have become one of the important technical routes in the field of high-efficiency batteries due to their characteristics such as no metal grid lines blocking the light-receiving surface, high optical utilization, and excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0003] However, because the light-receiving surface of back-contact solar cells is designed without grid lines, it is prone to contact and friction with external objects such as conveyor belts and the back electrodes of adjacent stacked cells during the later stages of cell manufacturing and subsequent stacking, storage, transportation, and use. This can cause scratches and damage to the textured passivation layer on the light-receiving surface. Damage to the textured passivation layer directly exacerbates surface carrier recombination, leading to a decrease in passivation effectiveness and ultimately reducing the cell's photoelectric conversion efficiency and product yield.

[0004] Currently, the industry typically places a protective isolation layer on the light-receiving surface of the back-contact solar cell. This layer provides support and isolation, preventing direct contact between the light-receiving surface and external objects, thus protecting the textured passivation layer from scratches. The mainstream protective isolation layer consists of several spaced-apart strips of insulating adhesive. These strips extend along the length or width of the solar cell, spanning the entire cell, and are generally formed by inkjet printing of the adhesive followed by curing. While this continuous strip-shaped insulating adhesive solution can protect the light-receiving surface of the cell, it still has the following shortcomings in practical applications: On the one hand, to ensure the effectiveness of protection and prevent contact scratches in the middle area due to lack of support caused by excessively large spacing between adjacent insulating strips, the spacing between adjacent insulating strips needs to be controlled within a preset range. This results in a larger total coverage area of ​​the insulating protective layer on the light-receiving surface of the battery. Even if the insulating strips are made of light-transmitting materials, there will still be some incident light loss due to interface reflection and intrinsic parasitic absorption of the material, leading to a reduction in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. On the other hand, the insulating adhesive will generate internal stress due to volume shrinkage during the curing process. Continuous strips of insulating adhesive will cause the shrinkage stress to be continuously transmitted and accumulated along the length direction, which can easily cause warping and deformation of the battery cells. In severe cases, it can also induce defects such as microcracks and breakage, further reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery and lowering the product yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar cell, a battery module and a photovoltaic system that can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery, reduce defects such as warping and microcracks, and improve the product yield.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a solar cell, comprising a cell substrate and an insulating protective layer; The battery substrate has a light-receiving surface and a backlighting surface arranged opposite to each other. The light-receiving surface includes a first edge region and a central region. The first edge region is located on at least one side of the central region in a first direction. The isolation protective layer includes a first isolation structure and a second isolation structure, wherein the first isolation structure is stacked on the surface of the first edge region and the second isolation structure is stacked on the surface of the middle region; The first isolation structure includes a plurality of isolation portions arranged at intervals along a second direction, with an intermittent region formed between two adjacent isolation portions. Each isolation portion includes a plurality of first isolation segments arranged at intervals along a first direction. The first isolation segments extend along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect each other. The second isolation structure includes a plurality of isolation adhesive bumps arranged in a matrix.

[0007] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along the second direction, the length of the first insulating adhesive segment is L1, and the distance between two adjacent insulating portions is L2, wherein: 0.70≤L1 / (L1+L2)≤0.95.

[0008] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along the second direction, the length L1 of the first isolation segment is 5mm to 15mm, and the distance L2 between two adjacent isolation portions is 0.5mm to 3mm.

[0009] As an improvement to the above technical solution, at least one second insulating adhesive segment is provided in the discontinuous region, and the second insulating adhesive segment extends along the first direction; Along the first direction, the length of the second insulating adhesive segment is less than the length of the discontinuous region; Along the second direction, the width of the second insulating adhesive segment is less than the width of the discontinuous region.

[0010] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along a third direction, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment is greater than the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other.

[0011] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along a third direction, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment is H1, and the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion is H2, wherein... 1.5≤H1 / H2≤8.

[0012] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the height H1 of the first isolation adhesive segment is 6μm~30μm, and the height H2 of the isolation adhesive bump is 2μm~15μm.

[0013] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate further includes a second edge region, which is located on at least one side of the central region in a second direction; The protective layer includes a third isolation structure, which is stacked on the surface of the second edge region.

[0014] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the third isolation structure includes a plurality of third isolation segments arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the third isolation segments extend along the second direction.

[0015] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the spacing between two adjacent first insulating adhesive segments in the first direction is L3, the spacing between two adjacent insulating adhesive protrusions in the first direction is L4, and the spacing between two adjacent insulating adhesive protrusions in the second direction is L5, wherein: L3≥L4, and L3≥L5.

[0016] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the width of the first isolation adhesive segment in the first direction is greater than the width of the third isolation adhesive segment in the first direction and the width of the second isolation adhesive segment in the second direction.

[0017] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the width of the first isolation adhesive segment in the first direction is 0.5mm~2mm; The width of the second insulating adhesive segment in the second direction is 0.3mm to 1.5mm; The width of the third insulating adhesive segment in the first direction is 0.5mm to 2mm.

[0018] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along the first direction, the width W1 of the first edge region is 3mm~12mm; Along the first direction, the spacing L3 between two adjacent first isolation adhesive segments is 1mm to 4mm.

[0019] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along the second direction, the width W2 of the second edge region is 3mm~12mm; Along the first direction, the spacing between two adjacent third insulating segments is 1mm to 4mm; The length of the third insulating segment in the second direction is 5mm to 15mm.

[0020] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the interval L4 between two adjacent release adhesive protrusions in the first direction is 1mm to 1.5mm; The distance L5 between two adjacent release adhesive protrusions in the second direction is 1.2mm to 2mm.

[0021] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the width of the isolation adhesive bump in the second direction and the length of the isolation adhesive bump in the first direction are 300μm~450μm respectively.

[0022] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the edge contour of the isolation adhesive protrusion is circular, square, elliptical or rhomboid.

[0023] As an improvement to the above technical solution, along the first direction, from the middle of the first isolation adhesive segment to both sides of the first isolation adhesive segment, the height of the first isolation adhesive segment gradually decreases.

[0024] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the solar cell further includes an identification pattern, which is disposed in the first edge region, the middle region, or the second edge region; The identification pattern is used to correspond to the battery information of the solar cell.

[0025] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the identification pattern is made by printing a release adhesive.

[0026] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a battery assembly including the solar cell described above.

[0027] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic system including the above-described battery module.

[0028] Implementing this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate is divided into a first edge region and a central region, and correspondingly, a first isolation structure and a second isolation structure with different structures are set. This can reduce the total coverage area of ​​the isolation adhesive on the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate while protecting the light-receiving surface from scratches, thereby reducing the reflection and absorption loss of incident light by the isolation protective layer and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. Simultaneously, this invention replaces the continuous isolation strip spanning the battery cell with arrayed first isolation adhesive segments and matrix-arranged isolation adhesive bumps. Both the first isolation adhesive segments and the isolation adhesive bumps are independent adhesive units, which can effectively cut off the transmission path of curing shrinkage stress, significantly reduce the overall residual internal stress of the battery substrate, suppress warping deformation of the battery substrate, and reduce microcracks and breakage defects caused by stress accumulation, thereby improving production yield and further enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0029] 2. This invention employs a differentiated structural design for the first edge region and the central region. In the first edge region, a segmented first insulating adhesive segment extending along the second direction is used, ensuring the support strength and contact stability of the first edge region, meeting the isolation and protection requirements of the first edge region, and improving the overall protective reliability of the insulating protective layer. In the central region, matrix-arranged insulating adhesive bumps are used, which can retain a larger effective light-receiving area and reduce optical shading loss. Therefore, through the synergistic cooperation of the first and second insulating structures, the isolation and protection effect and photoelectric performance can be balanced, effectively reducing the defect rate of scratches on the light-receiving surface, improving production yield, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point S in the solar cell shown; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell at point AA. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point T in the solar cell shown; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention; Among them: battery substrate 1, isolation protective layer 2, identification pattern 3, first edge region 11, middle region 12, second edge region 13, first isolation structure 21, second isolation structure 22, third isolation structure 23, isolation part 211, first isolation adhesive segment 2111, discontinuous region 212, second isolation adhesive segment 213, isolation adhesive protrusion 221, and third isolation adhesive segment 231. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0032] In this article, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" serve only as a non-exhaustive enumeration and should be understood as not constituting a closed limitation on the quantity. Therefore, a feature specified by "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0033] In the description of this application, "a number" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.

[0034] In this application, numerical ranges are referred to as continuous unless otherwise specified, and include the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to integers, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, the ranges may be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are incorporated.

[0035] In this application, the technical features described in an open-ended manner include both closed technical solutions consisting of the listed features and open technical solutions that include the listed features.

[0036] Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product instructions. Raw materials whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a first embodiment of a solar cell, including a cell substrate 1 and an insulating protective layer 2; The battery substrate 1 has a light-receiving surface and a backlighting surface arranged opposite to each other. The light-receiving surface includes a first edge region 11 and a central region 12. The first edge region 11 is disposed on at least one side of the central region 12 in a first direction. The isolation protective layer 2 includes a first isolation structure 21 and a second isolation structure 22. The first isolation structure 21 is stacked on the surface of the first edge region 11, and the second isolation structure 22 is stacked on the surface of the middle region 12. The first isolation structure 21 includes a plurality of isolation portions 211 arranged at intervals along a second direction, and an intermittent region 212 is formed between two adjacent isolation portions 211. Each isolation portion 211 includes a plurality of first isolation segments 2111 arranged at intervals along a first direction. The first isolation segments 2111 extend along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect each other. The second isolation structure 22 includes a plurality of isolation adhesive protrusions 221 arranged in a matrix.

[0038] In this invention, the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate 1 is divided into a first edge region 11 and a central region 12, and correspondingly, a first isolation structure 21 and a second isolation structure 22 with different structures are provided. For the first edge region 11, the first isolation structure 21 is composed of a plurality of isolation portions 211 arranged at intervals along a second direction, with an intermittent region 212 formed between two adjacent isolation portions 211; and each isolation portion 211 includes a plurality of first isolation adhesive segments 2111 arranged at intervals along a first direction, the first isolation adhesive segments 2111 extending along the second direction, thereby forming an array of first isolation adhesive segments 2111 within the first edge region 11. The array of first isolation adhesive segments 2111 replaces the continuous isolation adhesive strip spanning the entire battery cell in the prior art, achieving the isolation and protection function of the first edge region 11 while reducing the isolation adhesive coverage area of ​​the first edge region 11. Meanwhile, in the central region 12, the second isolation structure 22 includes a matrix of isolated adhesive bumps 221. That is, in the central region 12, discrete, independent isolated adhesive bumps 221 replace the continuous adhesive strip spanning the battery cell. This achieves isolation and protection for the central region 12 while reducing the adhesive coverage area. Through the synergistic cooperation of the first isolation structure 21 and the second isolation structure 22, this invention can reduce the total coverage area of ​​the adhesive on the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate 1 while protecting the light-receiving surface from scratches. This reduces the reflection and absorption loss of incident light by the isolation protective layer 2, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0039] Meanwhile, existing continuous insulating strips spanning the battery cell can easily cause warping and microcracks in the battery substrate 1 due to the continuous accumulation of shrinkage stress generated during the curing process along the length of the insulating strip. This invention replaces the continuous insulating strip spanning the battery cell with arrayed first insulating segments 2111 and matrix-arranged insulating bumps 221. Both the first insulating segments 2111 and the insulating bumps 221 are independent adhesive units, effectively cutting off the transmission path of curing shrinkage stress. This breaks down the large-scale continuous stress into multiple dispersed micro-stresses, significantly reducing the overall residual internal stress of the battery substrate 1, suppressing warping deformation, and reducing microcracks and breakage defects caused by stress accumulation. This improves production yield and further enhances the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0040] Furthermore, the first edge region 11 of the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate 1 is the main load-bearing area in the processes of transmission, gripping, stacking, and storage, and is at higher risk of scratch damage; while the central region 12 is the core photoelectric conversion area of ​​the battery, requiring higher utilization of incident light. This invention employs a differentiated structural design for these two regions. In the first edge region 11, segmented first insulating adhesive segments 2111 extending along the second direction are used to ensure the support strength and contact stability of the first edge region 11, meeting the isolation and protection requirements of the first edge region 11 and improving the overall protective reliability of the isolation protective layer 2. In the central region 12, matrix-arranged insulating adhesive bumps 221 are used to retain a larger effective light-receiving area and reduce optical shading loss. Therefore, through the synergistic cooperation of the first isolation structure 21 and the second isolation structure 22, the isolation and protection effect and photoelectric performance can be balanced, effectively reducing the defect rate of scratches on the light-receiving surface, improving production yield, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0041] Understandably, the battery substrate 1 includes a silicon substrate, a front functional layer stacked on the light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate, and a back functional layer stacked on the back light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate. The front functional layer can be a passivation layer, an anti-reflection layer, etc., but is not limited to these; an isolation protective layer 2 is stacked on the surface of the front functional layer. The back functional layer can include N-type regions, P-type regions, isolation regions, etc. The silicon substrate can be monocrystalline silicon, microcrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon, or it can be a germanium-silicon substrate, a germanium substrate, or a gallium arsenide substrate, but is not limited to these, and its conductivity type can be N-type or P-type.

[0042] Preferably, the solar cell in this embodiment is a back-contact cell.

[0043] Preferably, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. Specifically, the first direction is the length direction of the battery substrate 1, and the second direction is the width direction of the battery substrate 1; or, the first direction is the width direction of the battery substrate 1, and the second direction is the length direction of the battery substrate 1.

[0044] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, along the second direction, the length of the first insulating segment 2111 is L1, and the distance between two adjacent insulating portions 211 is L2, wherein: 0.70≤L1 / (L1+L2)≤0.95.

[0045] By limiting L1 / (L1+L2) to the range of 0.70~0.95, it is possible to ensure that the effective support length of the first isolation adhesive segment 2111 along the second direction is sufficient and the spacing between two adjacent isolation portions 211 (i.e. the width of the discontinuous region 212 in the second direction) is within a suitable range, thereby achieving a better isolation and protection effect and better dispersing the curing shrinkage stress, thereby further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and yield.

[0046] For example, L1 / (L1+L2) can be 0.70, 0.72, 0.75, 0.77, 0.80, 0.82, 0.85, 0.87, 0.88, 0.90, 0.92 or 0.95, but is not limited thereto.

[0047] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the first isolation segment 2111 is 5mm to 15mm, and the distance L2 between two adjacent isolation portions 211 is 0.5mm to 3mm.

[0048] Specifically, the length L1 of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 is, for example, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, or 15mm, but is not limited thereto. The spacing L2 between two adjacent insulating portions 211 is, for example, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm, or 3mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0049] It should be understood that the distance between two adjacent isolation portions 211 is the width of the discontinuous region 212 in the second direction, that is, the width of the discontinuous region 212 in the second direction is also equal to L2, and the length of the discontinuous region 212 in the first direction is equal to the width of the first edge region 11 in the first direction.

[0050] In one embodiment, at least one second insulating adhesive segment 213 is provided in the discontinuous region 212, and the second insulating adhesive segment 213 extends along a first direction; Along the first direction, the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 is less than the length of the discontinuous region 212; Along the second direction, the width of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 is less than the width of the discontinuous region 212.

[0051] In this embodiment, by providing a second insulating adhesive segment 213 within the discontinuous region 212, the isolation and protection effect on the first edge region 11 can be further enhanced, reducing the risk of scratches on the first edge region 11, thereby helping to further improve the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Simultaneously, by controlling the length of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 to be less than the length of the discontinuous region 212 and the width of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 to be less than the width of the discontinuous region 212, gaps are created between the second insulating adhesive segment 213 and the first insulating adhesive segment 2111, and between the second insulating adhesive segment 213 and the insulating adhesive protrusion 221. This ensures that all three are independent insulating adhesive units, not only preserving more effective light-receiving area but also reducing the shrinkage stress generated during the curing of the insulating adhesive, ensuring that the solar cell has high photoelectric conversion efficiency and yield.

[0052] In one embodiment, along a third direction, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 is greater than the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion 221, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other.

[0053] In this embodiment, based on the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 being greater than the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion 221, the height of the first insulating structure 21 is greater than the height of the second insulating structure 22. Through this height differentiation setting, in the later stages of battery manufacturing (such as testing, sorting, etc.) and subsequent stacking, storage, and transportation processes, the first insulating structure 21 located in the first edge region 11 preferentially contacts the external working mechanism (such as a suction cup) and adjacent battery cells, taking the lead in bearing contact stress and support load, reducing the pressure on the light-receiving surface of the central region 12 and the insulating adhesive protrusion 221, thereby effectively protecting the textured passivation layer of the central core light-receiving area from mechanical contact damage, and further improving the protective reliability of the insulating protective layer 2.

[0054] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, along a third direction, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 is H1, and the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion 221 is H2, wherein, 1.5≤H1 / H2≤8.

[0055] Specifically, H1 / H2 are exemplarily 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 or 8, but are not limited thereto.

[0056] Preferably, 2 ≤ H1 / H2 ≤ 4.

[0057] It is worth noting that, in this embodiment, the height H1 of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 refers to the distance from the highest point of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 to the battery substrate 1; and the height H2 of the insulating adhesive bump 221 refers to the distance from the highest point of the insulating adhesive bump 221 to the battery substrate 1.

[0058] In one embodiment, the height H1 of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 is 6μm to 30μm, and the height H2 of the insulating adhesive bump 221 is 2μm to 15μm.

[0059] Within the aforementioned ranges, H1 and H2 are beneficial for further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. If the height of the first separating adhesive segment 2111 and the height of the separating adhesive protrusion 221 are too high, it will greatly increase the reflection and absorption of light by the separating adhesive, resulting in a decrease in the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. If the height of the first separating adhesive segment 2111 and the height of the separating adhesive protrusion 221 are too low, it will reduce the isolation and protection performance of the insulating protective layer 2 on the light-receiving surface of the battery, greatly increasing the probability of mechanical damage to the light-receiving surface of the battery, leading to an increase in carrier recombination, and thus a decrease in the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0060] Specifically, the height H1 of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 is, for example, 6μm, 8μm, 10μm, 12μm, 14μm, 16μm, 18μm, 20μm, 22μm, 24μm, 25μm, 26μm, 28μm, or 30μm, but is not limited thereto. The height H2 of the insulating adhesive bump 221 is, for example, 2μm, 4μm, 6μm, 8μm, 10μm, 12μm, 14μm, or 15μm, but is not limited thereto.

[0061] In one embodiment, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 is greater than or equal to the height of the second insulating adhesive segment 213. Preferably, the height of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 is equal to the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111; or the height of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 is 1 μm to 5 μm lower than the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111.

[0062] In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent first insulating adhesive segments 2111 in the first direction is L3, the distance between two adjacent insulating adhesive protrusions 221 in the first direction is L4, and the distance between two adjacent insulating adhesive protrusions 221 in the second direction is L5, wherein: L3≥L4, and L3≥L5.

[0063] By controlling L3≥L4 and L3≥L5, the protective support function of the isolation layer 2 can be further enhanced, and optical loss can be further reduced, thereby further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0064] In one implementation, L4≤L3≤4L4 and L5≤L3≤4L5.

[0065] More preferably, 1.2L4≤L3≤3L4, L5 can be equal to L4, or L5 can be slightly greater than L4.

[0066] In one embodiment, along the first direction, the width W1 of the first edge region 11 is 3mm to 12mm; Along the first direction, the distance L3 between two adjacent first isolation adhesive segments 2111 is 1mm to 4mm.

[0067] By controlling the width W1 of the first edge region 11, the spacing L3 between two adjacent first insulating segments 2111, and the width of the first insulating segment 2111 in the first direction within the aforementioned ranges, the isolation and protection performance of the first isolation structure 21 and optical shading loss can be better balanced, thereby further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. If the width W1 of the first edge region 11 and the width of the first insulating segment 2111 in the first direction are too large, and the spacing L3 between two adjacent first insulating segments 2111 is too small, although the isolation and protection performance can be improved, it will result in an excessively large area covered by the insulating adhesive in the first edge region 11, increasing optical shading loss and leading to a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. If the width W1 of the first edge region 11 and the width of the first insulating segment 2111 in the first direction are too small, and the spacing L3 between two adjacent first insulating segments 2111 is too large, although optical shading loss can be reduced, the isolation and protection performance of the first isolation structure 21 will be significantly reduced, leading to increased scratches on the light-receiving surface, intensified carrier recombination, and also a decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0068] More preferably, along the first direction, the width W1 of the first edge region 11 is 4mm to 10mm; along the first direction, the distance L3 between two adjacent first insulating adhesive segments 2111 is 1.5mm to 3mm.

[0069] Preferably, along the first direction, the distance between the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 and the edge of the battery substrate 1 is <1mm, which can further improve the isolation and protection performance. More preferably, along the first direction, the distance between the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 and the edge of the battery substrate 1 is <0.5mm.

[0070] In one embodiment, the interval L4 between two adjacent release adhesive bumps 221 in the first direction is 1mm to 1.5mm; The distance L5 between two adjacent release adhesive protrusions 221 in the second direction is 1.2mm to 2mm.

[0071] In one embodiment, the width of the adhesive bump 221 in the second direction and the length of the adhesive bump 221 in the first direction are 300μm to 450μm, respectively.

[0072] It is understood that the width of the adhesive protrusion 221 in the second direction and the length of the adhesive protrusion 221 in the first direction may be equal or unequal.

[0073] The width of the adhesive bump 221 in the second direction and the length of the adhesive bump 221 in the first direction are, for example, 300μm, 310μm, 320μm, 330μm, 340μm, 350μm, 360μm, 370μm, 380μm, 390μm, 400μm, 410μm, 420μm, 430μm, 440μm or 450μm, but are not limited thereto.

[0074] In one embodiment, the edge contour of the insulating adhesive protrusion 221 is circular, square, elliptical, or rhomboid.

[0075] It is understood that when the edge contour of the isolation adhesive protrusion 221 is circular, the width of the isolation adhesive protrusion 221 in the second direction and the length of the isolation adhesive protrusion 221 in the first direction are equal, that is, equal to the diameter of the circular isolation adhesive protrusion 221.

[0076] In one embodiment, along a first direction, from the middle of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 to both sides of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 gradually decreases in the third direction.

[0077] The first insulating adhesive segment 2111 adopts the aforementioned gradually decreasing height structure along the first direction, with a higher center and lower sides. This structure can further enhance optical performance while ensuring support and protection, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The higher center section of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 serves as the main load-bearing part, forming a stable insulating support that effectively prevents direct contact between external operating mechanisms, adjacent stacked solar cells, and the light-receiving surface of the solar cells, ensuring the reliability of protection for the first edge region 11. The gradually decreasing height on both sides of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 disperses the internal stress generated by curing shrinkage, further reducing warping, microcracks, and other problems caused by stress concentration during curing. Simultaneously, the gradually decreasing height on both sides of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 reduces the overall absorption of incident light by the first insulating adhesive segment 2111, further weakening the optical loss caused by the protective layer 2, thereby further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell.

[0078] like Figure 5As shown, the present invention provides a second embodiment of a solar cell. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the light-receiving surface of the cell substrate 1 further includes a second edge region 13, which is disposed on at least one side of the central region 12 in a second direction. The isolation protective layer 2 includes a third isolation structure 23, which is stacked on the surface of the second edge region 13.

[0079] In one embodiment, the third isolation structure 23 includes a plurality of third isolation segments 231 arranged at intervals along a first direction, the third isolation segments 231 extending along a second direction.

[0080] In this embodiment, a third isolation structure 23 is provided in the second edge region 13. The third isolation structure 23 consists of several third isolation adhesive segments 231, which can ensure the isolation and protection effect of the second edge region 13. The third isolation structure 23 cooperates with the first isolation structure 21 to form a ring-shaped protective reinforcement structure at the circumferential edge of the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate 1. This can further improve the overall reliability of the isolation protection layer 2, further reduce the risk of scratches on the textured passivation layer, and further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and yield of the battery.

[0081] In one embodiment, the width of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 in the first direction is greater than or equal to the width of the third insulating adhesive segment 231 in the first direction, which in turn is greater than the width of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 in the second direction. This optimized design helps to further reduce the risk of scratches on the light-receiving surface.

[0082] In one embodiment, the width of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 in the first direction is 0.5mm to 2mm; The width of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 in the second direction is 0.3mm to 1.5mm; The width of the third insulating adhesive segment 231 in the first direction is 0.5mm to 2mm.

[0083] Specifically, the width of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111 in the first direction is, for example, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0084] Specifically, the width of the second insulating adhesive segment 213 in the second direction is, for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm or 1.5mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0085] Specifically, the width of the third separating adhesive segment 231 in the first direction is, for example, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0086] In one embodiment, along the second direction, the width W2 of the second edge region 13 is 3mm to 12mm; Along the first direction, the spacing between two adjacent third insulating segments 231 is 1mm to 4mm; The length of the third insulating segment 231 in the second direction is 5mm to 15mm.

[0087] Through the above-mentioned optimized design, the isolation and protection performance of the third isolation structure 23 and the optical blocking loss can be better balanced, which is conducive to further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0088] Preferably, the height of the third insulating adhesive segment 231 is the same as the height of the first insulating adhesive segment 2111.

[0089] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a third embodiment of a solar cell. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the solar cell further includes an identification pattern 3, which is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the cell substrate 1, and the identification pattern 3 is used to correspond to the cell information of the solar cell.

[0090] Based on the battery information of the solar cell corresponding to the identification pattern 3, the records and tracking of process parameters of each production stage of the solar cell can be read by scanning the identification pattern 3.

[0091] Specifically, the identification pattern 3 can be placed anywhere on the light-receiving surface of the battery substrate 1.

[0092] In one embodiment, the identification pattern 3 is disposed in the first edge region 11, the central region 12, or the second edge region 13. More preferably, the identification pattern 3 is disposed in the first edge region 11 or the second edge region 13.

[0093] In one embodiment, the identification pattern 3 is made by printing a release adhesive.

[0094] Accordingly, the present invention provides an embodiment of a battery assembly including the solar cell described above. It will be understood that the battery assembly may also include a metal frame, a front panel, a back panel, and an encapsulant film, or other necessary components.

[0095] Accordingly, the present invention provides an embodiment of a photovoltaic system including the above-described battery module.

[0096] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic system can be applied in photovoltaic power plants, such as ground-mounted power plants, rooftop power plants, and floating power plants. It can also be applied to equipment or devices that utilize solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar cars, and solar buildings. Of course, it is understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to these; that is, the photovoltaic system can be applied in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking a photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a combiner box, and an inverter. The photovoltaic array may be an array combination of multiple battery modules; for example, multiple battery modules can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the combiner box, which can collect the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The collected current flows through the inverter and is converted into AC power required by the mains power grid before being connected to the mains power grid to achieve solar power supply.

[0097] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that, Including the battery substrate and the insulating protective layer; The battery substrate has a light-receiving surface and a backlighting surface arranged opposite to each other. The light-receiving surface includes a first edge region and a central region. The first edge region is located on at least one side of the central region in a first direction. The isolation protective layer includes a first isolation structure and a second isolation structure, wherein the first isolation structure is stacked on the surface of the first edge region and the second isolation structure is stacked on the surface of the middle region; The first isolation structure includes a plurality of isolation portions arranged at intervals along a second direction, with an intermittent region formed between two adjacent isolation portions. Each isolation portion includes a plurality of first isolation segments arranged at intervals along a first direction. The first isolation segments extend along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect each other. The second isolation structure includes a plurality of isolation adhesive bumps arranged in a matrix.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the length of the first insulating segment is L1, and the distance between two adjacent insulating portions is L2, wherein: 0.70≤L1 / (L1+L2)≤0.

95.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the length L1 of the first insulating adhesive segment is 5mm to 15mm, and the distance L2 between two adjacent insulating segments is 0.5mm to 3mm.

4. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one second insulating adhesive segment is provided in the discontinuous area, and the second insulating adhesive segment extends along the first direction; Along the first direction, the length of the second insulating adhesive segment is less than the length of the discontinuous region; Along the second direction, the width of the second insulating adhesive segment is less than the width of the discontinuous region.

5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the third direction, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment is greater than the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other.

6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along a third direction, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment is H1, and the height of the insulating adhesive protrusion is H2, wherein, 1.5≤H1 / H2≤8.

7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The height H1 of the first insulating adhesive segment is 6μm~30μm, and the height H2 of the insulating adhesive bump is 2μm~15μm.

8. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light-receiving surface of the battery substrate further includes a second edge region, which is located on at least one side of the central region in a second direction; The protective layer includes a third isolation structure, which is stacked on the surface of the second edge region.

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third isolation structure includes a plurality of third isolation segments arranged at intervals along a first direction, the third isolation segments extending along a second direction.

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The width of the first insulating adhesive segment in the first direction is greater than or equal to the width of the third insulating adhesive segment in the first direction, which in turn is greater than the width of the second insulating adhesive segment in the second direction.

11. The solar cell according to claim 10, characterized in that, The width of the first insulating adhesive segment in the first direction is 0.5mm to 2mm; The width of the second insulating adhesive segment in the second direction is 0.3mm to 1.5mm; The width of the third insulating adhesive segment in the first direction is 0.5mm to 2mm.

12. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the width W2 of the second edge region is 3mm to 12mm; Along the first direction, the spacing between two adjacent third insulating segments is 1mm to 4mm; The length of the third insulating segment in the second direction is 5mm to 15mm.

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent first insulating adhesive segments in the first direction is L3, the spacing between two adjacent insulating adhesive protrusions in the first direction is L4, and the spacing between two adjacent insulating adhesive protrusions in the second direction is L5, wherein: L3≥L4, and L3≥L5.

14. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the width W1 of the first edge region is 3mm to 12mm; Along the first direction, the spacing L3 between two adjacent first isolation adhesive segments is 1mm to 4mm.

15. The solar cell according to claim 13, characterized in that, The distance L4 between two adjacent release adhesive protrusions in the first direction is 1mm to 1.5mm; The distance L5 between two adjacent release adhesive protrusions in the second direction is 1.2mm to 2mm.

16. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the adhesive bump in the second direction and the length of the adhesive bump in the first direction are 300μm~450μm, respectively.

17. The solar cell according to claim 16, characterized in that, The edge contour of the adhesive bumps is round, square, oval or rhomboid.

18. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, from the middle of the first insulating adhesive segment to both sides of the first insulating adhesive segment, the height of the first insulating adhesive segment gradually decreases.

19. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The solar cell also includes an identification pattern, which is disposed in the first edge region, the middle region, or the second edge region; The identification pattern is used to correspond to the battery information of the solar cell.

20. The solar cell according to claim 19, characterized in that, The identification pattern is made by printing a release adhesive.

21. A battery assembly, characterized in that, Includes the solar cell according to any one of claims 1-20.

22. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Includes the battery assembly as described in claim 21.

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