Magnet-loaded transceiver assembly for receiving signals from and transmitting signals to body tissue

Abstract

Transceiver assembly (1) for receiving signals from and / or transmitting signals to a body tissue (2), comprising at least one holding device (3) and at least one transceiver device (4). The transceiver device (4) comprises at least one first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the holding device (3) comprises at least one first holding magnetic element (6), the first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) being arranged in succession with respect to a connection direction (C) and being configured to exert a magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device (4) comprises at least one second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the holding device (3) comprises at least one second holding magnetic element (8), the second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the second holding magnetic element (8) being arranged in succession with respect to a transversal direction (T) and being configured to exert a magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device (4) is connectable to the holding device (3) by the total magnetic force exerted by the first and second transceiver magnetic elements (5; 7) and by the first and second holding magnetic elements (6; 8).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transceiver assembly according to claim 1 and a method of manufacturing a transceiver assembly according to claim 15. Existing technology

[0002] There is a growing interest in the reliable and non-invasive transmission and reception of signals, such as biosignals from body tissues. Of particular interest are measurements of human brain activity for diagnostic, monitoring, and therapeutic purposes, as well as input signals for software or hardware systems. This is often driven by the increased availability of wearable biotransmitters and brain imaging systems, propelled by recent technological advancements and miniaturization. These systems make non-invasive brain imaging available to a wider population, enabling exciting opportunities for a better understanding of the brain, diagnosis of neurological disorders, development of treatments, and interaction with brain health and gaming apps.

[0003] Healthcare professionals have repeatedly emphasized the inherent importance of usability in clinical applications. Therefore, a key aspect of the success and applicability of wearable brain imaging is the simple, flexible, and reliable placement of the transceiver to ensure high availability. Achieving optimal signal quality without causing discomfort requires finding the right balance of contact pressure. This balance also affects the robustness of the system during head movement in wearable applications.

[0004] Furthermore, typical measurement locations for functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) or electroencephalography (EEG) include areas with hair, such as the sensorimotor area or the occipital lobe. Therefore, transceiver components are needed to accommodate users with varying hair characteristics, ranging from bald to those with abundant hair. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible, comfortable, and easy-to-use transceiver assembly.

[0006] This objective is achieved using the transceiver assembly according to claim 1. Specifically, a transceiver assembly is provided for receiving signals from body tissue and / or transmitting signals to body tissue. The transceiver assembly includes at least one holding device and at least one transceiver device. The transceiver device is configured to receive signals from body tissue and / or transmit signals to body tissue. The transceiver device is connectable to the holding device along a connection direction. The transceiver device includes at least one first transceiver magnetic element, and the holding device includes at least one first holding magnetic element. The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are arranged sequentially relative to the connection direction and configured to apply a magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device includes at least one second transceiver magnetic element, and the holding device includes at least one second holding magnetic element. The second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are arranged sequentially relative to a transverse direction extending perpendicular to the connection direction and configured to apply a magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device is connectable to the holding device by the total magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, and by the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element.

[0007] In other words, the transceiver device is preferably connected to the holding device by a total magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element, the second transceiver magnetic element, the first holding magnetic element, and the second holding magnetic element. In the thus formed connection state between the transceiver device and the holding device, the transceiver device is connected to the holding device through the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, and through the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element.

[0008] This arrangement of the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element relative to the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element enables the transceiver assembly to connect the transceiver device to the holding device by a total magnetic force. This total magnetic force allows the transceiver assembly (in particular the transceiver device) to apply pressure to body tissue, which is consistent within a narrow range for both bald and thick-haired areas, to ensure continuous patient comfort.

[0009] This is achieved by combining a first transceiver magnetic element and a first holding magnetic element with a second transceiver magnetic element and a second holding magnetic element. The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element preferably apply a substantially exponentially decaying vertical force to the body tissue, while the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element provide an additional force in the vertical direction depending on the position of the transceiver device relative to the holding device and relative to the connection direction. In practice, and as will be explained in more detail below, these first and second transceiver magnetic elements, as well as the first and second holding magnetic elements, are preferably arranged to overcome the limitations of magnets that follow an inverse square attraction pattern, meaning they have only a small working range suitable for measurements on biological tissue, as the applied force is typically too low or too high. Through the combination of the first and second magnetic elements, the transceiver assembly can be applied to different users with different hair characteristics without requiring replacement of any part of the transceiver assembly, or the transceiver assembly allows for a better fit to an individual's head / body shape.

[0010] For example, the transceiver assembly should be usable for both objects with thick / dense hair and objects without hair. In the presence of hair, the magnetic distance between the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element should be small to apply a high total force, while in the absence of hair, the magnetic distance should be larger to apply a lower force. However, due to the inverse square behavior of the first magnetic element, it is impossible to satisfactorily satisfy both requirements with only the first magnetic element. The presence of a second transceiver magnetic element and a second holding magnetic element solves this challenge by achieving a dual function: firstly, they can pull the transceiver device downwards or upwards in some sense, depending on the position of the transceiver device in the holding device, to change the total magnetic force; and secondly, they introduce a lateral force perpendicular to the connection direction to align the transceiver device and the holding device in some sense. In particular, when no hair is present, the presence of the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element can only apply a total magnetic force that is too weak. In such a case, the presence of the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element can pull the transceiver device downwards (i.e., towards body tissue) in some sense and increase the total magnetic force. When hair is present, the presence of the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element can only apply too strong a total magnetic force. In such a case, the presence of the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element can, in a sense, pull the transceiver device upward (i.e., away from body tissue) and reduce the total magnetic force.

[0011] The holding device and the transceiver device are preferably separate components that can be connected to each other, and are preferably detachably connected to each other.

[0012] The transceiver device is preferably held connected to a holding device by a total magnetic force applied by a first transceiver magnetic element and a second transceiver magnetic element, and by a first holding magnetic element and a second holding magnetic element, unless said total magnetic force is overcome by a person operating the transceiver assembly (e.g., a medical worker).

[0013] Further preferably, the holding device and the transceiver device can be manufactured and / or stored independently of each other.

[0014] The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are preferably configured to apply an attractive magnetic force to each other. Additionally or alternatively, the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are preferably configured to apply an attractive magnetic force and / or a repulsive magnetic force to each other.

[0015] The transceiver assembly is preferably configured to provide variable pressure to body tissue, the variable pressure being positional relative to the transceiver device, the holding device, and the connection direction.

[0016] In other words, the transceiver assembly (especially the transceiver device) is preferably configured to apply variable pressure to body tissue. This variable pressure preferably varies according to the position of the transceiver device relative to the holding device and relative to the connection direction. The variable pressure is preferably the result of a total magnetic force applied by a first transceiver magnetic element, a second transceiver magnetic element, and a first holding magnetic element and a second holding magnetic element, wherein the total magnetic force preferably varies in position relative to the transceiver device, the holding device, and the connection direction. Therefore, the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, as well as the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element, are preferably arranged to generate a variable total magnetic force that varies in position relative to the transceiver device, the holding device, and the connection direction. In other words, variable pressure is preferably generated on body tissue using a combined magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, as well as the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element.

[0017] Another advantage of the varying total magnetic field and variable pressure is that they reduce or even eliminate motion artifacts, preventing loss of contact and maintaining optimal pressure during movement or motion-induced acceleration of the person wearing the transceiver assembly.

[0018] The transceiver device is preferably movably connected to the holding device relative to the connection direction by a total magnetic force, and wherein the transceiver device is preferably movable relative to the connection direction. Therefore, the transceiver device is configured to adapt to different positions relative to the holding device and relative to the connection direction.

[0019] The first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, as well as the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element, are preferably arranged such that their total magnetic force is a linear combination of the following: i) a magnetic force applied between the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element; and ii) a magnetic force applied between the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element.

[0020] In other words, the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, as well as the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element, are preferably arranged such that their total magnetic force varies linearly with respect to the distance between the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element relative to the connection direction.

[0021] The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are preferably arranged such that the magnetic force they exert i) attracts the transceiver device toward the holding device along the connection direction; and / or ii) increases substantially exponentially as the distance between the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element relative to the connection direction decreases.

[0022] It should be noted that the essentially exponential manner or behavior mentioned in this paper (i.e., the force gradually increases as the distance decreases) is understood to follow a mathematical function that has essentially exponential behavior (such as inverse square behavior, hyperbolic behavior, or quadratic hyperbolic behavior) in the part of the domain of the mathematical function. This also reflects that exponential or inverse exponential functions can be approximated to some extent by a series of polynomials.

[0023] The second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are preferably arranged such that, depending on the position of the transceiver device relative to the holding device and relative to the connection direction, their magnetic forces attract the transceiver device toward the holding device along the connection direction, or push the transceiver device away from the holding device along a disconnection direction extending in the opposite direction to the connection direction.

[0024] That is, the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element, as well as the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element, are preferably arranged such that their attraction provides a magnetic force distribution, wherein the highest magnetic force acting on the body tissue occurs at a small distance between the holding device and the transceiver device relative to the connection direction.

[0025] The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are preferably arranged to overlap each other at least partially and possibly completely with respect to the connection direction. Additionally or alternatively, the second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are preferably arranged to overlap each other at least partially and possibly completely with respect to the lateral direction.

[0026] Furthermore, it is preferable that the first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element, which at least partially overlap, do not contact each other, particularly not even when the transceiver device and the holding device are connected. In other words, the at least partial overlap preferably exists only in terms of the spatial arrangement and / or surface extension of these elements relative to each other.

[0027] Therefore, it is conceivable that the second magnetic element of the transceiver device and the holding device is arranged closer to the outside of the transceiver assembly than the first magnetic element of the transceiver device and the holding device. In this case, it is preferable that the size of the holding device is larger than the size of the transceiver device, at least in the region of the magnetic element. However, the opposite is also conceivable, i.e., the first magnetic element of the transceiver device and the holding device is arranged closer to the outside of the transceiver assembly than the second magnetic element of the transceiver device and the holding device. In this case, it is preferable that the size of the transceiver device is larger than the size of the transceiver device, at least in the region of the magnetic element. That is, the arrangement of the magnetic elements can be interchanged depending on the size of the holding device and the transceiver device, at least in the region of the magnetic element.

[0028] The first transceiver magnetic element preferably extends within the first transceiver plane, and the second transceiver magnetic element extends within the second transceiver plane. The first transceiver plane and the second transceiver plane preferably extend at an angle, and particularly preferably extend perpendicular to each other.

[0029] The first retaining magnetic element preferably extends within a first retaining plane, and the second retaining magnetic element extends within a second retaining plane. The first retaining plane and the second retaining plane preferably extend at an angle, and particularly preferably extend perpendicular to each other.

[0030] The first transceiver plane and the first holding plane preferably extend parallel to each other, and / or the second transceiver plane and the second holding plane preferably extend parallel to each other.

[0031] The shapes of the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element may be the same or different from each other. Similarly, the shapes of the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element may be the same or different from each other. In addition, the shapes of the first transceiver magnetic element and / or the second transceiver magnetic element may be the same or different from the shapes of the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element.

[0032] Various shapes are conceivable. For example, the first transceiver magnetic element and / or the second transceiver magnetic element and / or the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element can have a disc, bar, rectangle, block, horseshoe, circle, ring, donut, fan, or any other desired shape.

[0033] The magnetic elements of the first transceiver and / or the second transceiver and / or the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element are preferably permanent magnets. The magnetic elements of the first transceiver and / or the second transceiver and / or the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element preferably comprise at least one ferromagnetic material (such as ferrite or alnico) or are composed of at least one ferromagnetic material (such as ferrite or alnico). However, other types of magnetic elements are equally conceivable and are well known in the art. For example, the magnetic elements of the first transceiver and / or the second transceiver and / or the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element can be electromagnets or switchable magnets or any other magnetic element that can generate magnetic force in the connection direction or lateral direction.

[0034] The first transceiver magnetic element and / or the second transceiver magnetic element and / or the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element are preferably commercially available. For example, these magnetic elements may be neodymium N52 magnets or neodymium N42 magnets. In this regard, it is noted that N52 magnets have a 20% higher attractive force than N42 magnets, which may affect the size of the transceiver assembly. Generally, the higher the magnetic strength of the first and second transceiver magnetic elements and the first holding magnetic element, the smaller the size of the transceiver assembly can become.

[0035] The first transceiver magnetic element and / or the second transceiver magnetic element and / or the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element are preferably dipoles with two magnetic poles, which are commonly referred to as the "south pole" and the "north pole".

[0036] The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are preferably arranged such that opposite polarities are opposite to each other relative to the connection direction. For example, the first transceiver magnetic element may be arranged in the transceiver device such that the south pole of the first transceiver magnetic element is opposite to the north pole of the first holding magnetic element relative to the connection direction, or vice versa.

[0037] The second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are preferably arranged such that poles of opposite polarities are opposite to each other in the lateral direction. For example, the second transceiver magnetic element can be arranged in the transceiver device such that the south pole of the second transceiver magnetic element is opposite to the north pole of the first holding magnetic element in the lateral direction, or vice versa.

[0038] The first transceiver plane and the second transceiver plane, as well as the first holding plane and the second holding plane, are preferably parallel to the planes that separate the north and south poles in the respective first transceiver magnetic elements and the first holding magnetic elements. For example, the first transceiver plane associated with the first transceiver magnetic element is preferably parallel to the planes that separate the north and south poles of the first transceiver magnetic element.

[0039] The transceiver device preferably includes two or more first transceiver magnetic elements and / or two or more second transceiver magnetic elements. The holding device preferably includes two or more first holding magnetic elements and / or two or more second holding magnetic elements.

[0040] Two or more of the magnetic elements of the first transceiver are preferably arranged in a common plane, preferably in the first transceiver plane mentioned above, and / or arranged at a distance from each other, and / or arranged opposite each other with respect to a plane extending perpendicular to the transceiver device and parallel to the connection direction.

[0041] Two or more of the magnetic elements in the second transceiver are preferably arranged in a common plane and / or at a distance from each other, and / or arranged opposite each other with respect to a plane extending perpendicular to the transceiver device and parallel to the connection direction.

[0042] Two or more of the first retaining magnetic elements are preferably arranged in a common plane (preferably the first retaining plane mentioned above), and / or arranged at a distance from each other, and / or arranged opposite each other with respect to a plane extending perpendicular to the retaining device and parallel to the connection direction.

[0043] Two or more of the second retaining magnetic elements are preferably arranged in a common plane, and / or arranged at a distance from each other, and / or arranged opposite each other with respect to a plane extending perpendicular to the retaining device and parallel to the connection direction.

[0044] Furthermore, one or more of the first transceiver magnetic element and / or the second transceiver magnetic element, and / or one or more of the first holding magnetic element and / or the second holding magnetic element, may be formed by two or more sub-magnetic elements. These two or more sub-magnetic elements may be arranged adjacent to each other or spaced apart. The two or more sub-magnetic elements may have the same design (e.g., shape or size) or different designs. For example, the second holding magnetic element may be formed by two second sub-holding magnetic elements arranged adjacent to each other and, in particular, in surface contact when viewed in the lateral direction. Such an arrangement of sub-magnetic elements allows for further optimization of the total magnetic force by locally increasing or decreasing the force along the connection direction based on position. That is, the second magnetic element can be considered to contribute to stronger pulling at long transceiver-holder distances and stronger pushing along the connection direction over short distances to resist the inverse square behavior of the magnetic element, and in between, the second magnetic element can be considered to contribute to linearizing the total magnetic force.

[0045] The number and / or size of the first transceiver magnetic element may be the same as or different from the number and / or size of the first holding magnetic element. The number and / or size of the second transceiver magnetic element may be the same as or different from the number and / or size of the second holding magnetic element. Size is understood to refer to the thickness (e.g., along the z-space direction) and surface area (e.g., along the x, y-space direction) of the first and second transceiver magnetic elements, as well as the first and second holding magnetic elements. The description of one first and second transceiver magnetic element and one first holding magnetic element and one second holding magnetic element preferably also applies to two or more first and second transceiver magnetic elements and one and a half first and second holding magnetic elements, and vice versa.

[0046] The holding device preferably includes an insertion opening. The transceiver device is preferably at least partially accommodated in the insertion opening. Additionally or alternatively, the transceiver device is preferably movably held within the insertion opening by a total magnetic force, and is preferably movable relative to the connection direction.

[0047] However, it is also conceivable that the transceiver device includes an insertion opening. A retaining device can be at least partially accommodated within said insertion opening. Additionally or alternatively, the transceiver device is movably retained relative to the retaining device, which is at least partially accommodated within the insertion opening of the transceiver device by total magnetic force, and preferably is movable relative to the connection direction. Whether the retaining device or the transceiver device includes an insertion opening is preferably determined by their size. Also refer to the previous description regarding the arrangement of the first and second magnetic elements relative to the outside of the transceiver assembly.

[0048] The following description pertains to the former design (i.e., the retaining device including the insertion opening). It should be noted that these descriptions apply to cases where the transceiver device includes the insertion opening in a similar manner. Therefore, it is preferable that the transceiver device can be connected to the retaining device by inserting it into the insertion opening of the retaining device. The retaining device preferably includes a retaining housing that includes the insertion opening. The transceiver device preferably includes a transceiver housing that is at least partially accommodated within the retaining housing when the transceiver device is inserted into the insertion opening of the retaining device. When the transceiver device is inserted into the insertion opening of the retaining device, the transceiver device is preferably connected to the retaining device by a total magnetic force applied by a first transceiver magnetic element and a second transceiver magnetic element, and by a first retaining magnetic element and a second retaining magnetic element.

[0049] As initially mentioned, the transceiver device is preferably removably connected to the holding device along the connection direction. To this end, it is preferable that the transceiver device is configured to perform translational movement in both the connection direction and the disconnection direction (i.e., toward and away from the holding device).

[0050] The transceiver device and the retaining device preferably include, in each case, at least one fastening element for removably securing the transceiver device to the retaining device. The fastening may be provided in addition to a magnetic connection. The fastening is preferably mechanical and / or the fastening element is preferably configured for an engagement-type locking fit and / or a friction fit. For example, the fastening element may be configured for an engagement-type snap-fit ​​connection.

[0051] The fastening elements are preferably disposed on and / or within the retaining housing and transceiver housing, for example, in the insertion opening. However, other arrangements of the fastening elements are equally conceivable. In practice, the fastening elements can be disposed anywhere on the transceiver assembly and the retaining assembly, as long as they allow the transceiver assembly and the retaining assembly to be removably fastened to each other.

[0052] The transceiver device is preferably rotatably connected to the holding device, and preferably rotatable about a rotation axis that extends parallel to the connection direction.

[0053] In other words, the transceiver device is preferably rotatable relative to the holding device during and / or after insertion into the insertion opening of the holding device.

[0054] The transceiver device is preferably rotatable about a rotation axis. or more (such as) or more, for example (or more) rotation angles.

[0055] Therefore, it is preferable that the holding device and the transceiver device (in particular the holding housing and the transceiver housing) in each case include at least one rotation stop element, such as a corresponding protrusion, which is configured to abut against each other and define the rotation of the transceiver device relative to the holding device. However, it is also conceivable that no rotation stop element or the like is present and the transceiver device can perform a full rotation about the rotation axis.

[0056] The transceiver assembly preferably further includes at least one contact element configured to contact body tissue. The transceiver assembly is preferably configured to press the contact element against the body tissue by a total magnetic force. The contact element is preferably disposed on the transceiver device and preferably protrudes from the transceiver device along the connection direction. The retaining device preferably includes at least one opening through which the contact element can at least partially protrude when in contact with the body tissue.

[0057] The contact element preferably has a shape with a protruding tip or the like that protruding from the bottom side of the transceiver device. When the transceiver device is connected to the holding device, particularly when the transceiver device is at least partially inserted into the insertion opening of the holding device, the contact element preferably protrudes at least partially from the opening of the holding device to contact body tissue.

[0058] The transceiver device preferably includes at least one transmitter device configured to send signals to body tissue and / or at least one receiver device configured to receive signals from body tissue.

[0059] The signals sent to and / or received from body tissues are preferably optical signals and / or electrical signals and / or electromagnetic signals and / or acoustic signals.

[0060] The transceiver assembly is particularly preferably configured to receive signals from body tissue and / or send signals to body tissue in a non-invasive manner.

[0061] The transmitter device is preferably at least one of an electrode or a transducer (such as an optical transducer, an acoustic transducer, an ultrasonic transducer, or an electromagnetic transducer).

[0062] The signal transmitted from the transmitter device to the body tissue is preferably at least one of an electrical signal, an optical signal, an acoustic signal, an ultrasonic signal, or an electromagnetic signal.

[0063] The signal received from body tissue is preferably at least one of electrical signal, optical signal, acoustic signal, ultrasonic signal or electromagnetic signal.

[0064] The signal received from body tissue is preferably based on a signal transmitted from the transmitter device to the body tissue. For example, the transmitter device may send a signal to the body tissue, which is reflected from the body tissue and subsequently received by the receiver device.

[0065] The receiver device is preferably configured to receive at least one of electrical signals, optical signals, acoustic signals, ultrasonic signals or electromagnetic signals, and is, for example, a photodetector such as a silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM), a photodiode (PD), an avalanche photodiode (APD) or a photomultiplier tube (PMT).

[0066] A transceiver assembly may include two or more transceiver devices arranged in an array. Similarly, a transceiver assembly may include two or more receiver devices arranged in an array.

[0067] Therefore, it is particularly preferred that the transceiver assembly is configured to perform at least one of electroencephalography (EEG) measurement, electromyography (EMG) measurement, photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement, optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultrasound imaging (USI) or near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurement.

[0068] Therefore, preferably, the transmitter device is at least one of the following: electrodes for electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG), an optical transducer for photoplethysmography (PPG) or for near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), or an acoustic / ultrasound transducer for ultrasound imaging (USI).

[0069] The transceiver assembly (especially the transceiver device) preferably further includes at least one analysis device for analyzing signals from body tissue received by the transceiver assembly and / or connected to said at least one analysis device.

[0070] However, it should be noted that the transceiver assembly can also be configured to send signals only to body tissue. For example, the transceiver assembly can be used or can be configured to send signals to body tissue, such as in noninvasive red light therapy or in electrical / electromagnetic stimulation, such as in transcranial direct current stimulation.

[0071] Furthermore, transceiver components can be configured for use in or in the medical field, and applications can also be found in other areas, such as virtual reality (VR). For example, a transceiver component may include or be incorporated into VR goggles to allow for stable and comfortable placement of sub-parts of a VR device, such as a screen or eye-tracking camera. Other examples involve using transceiver devices for headphones to achieve comfortable placement, or for smartwatches or medical pulse oximeters to achieve good light / PPG measurements, or for wireless charging of implantable devices, such as implantable EEG arrays or neurostimulators.

[0072] The transmitter and / or receiver are preferably arranged at least partially in the contact element.

[0073] It is conceivable that at least one transmitter device and at least one receiver device are both arranged at least partially in a common contact element. However, it is also conceivable that a transceiver assembly (in particular a transceiver device) includes at least two contact elements, wherein one of the contact elements includes at least one transmitter device, and the other of the contact elements includes at least one receiver device.

[0074] For example, one of the contact elements may include a transmitter device in the form of a light source, and the other contact element may include one or more receiver devices in the form of a photodetector or a photodetector array. For example, the other contact element may include a photodetector array comprising a silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM) and / or a photodiode (PD). SiPMs are preferably used for small light intensity measurements in biological tissues, for example, where the lateral distance between the contact device including the transmitter device and the contact element including the receiver device is approximately 30 mm, and PDs are preferably used for short-distance measurements under high light intensity conditions, for example, where the lateral distance between the transmitter device and the receiver device is approximately 8 mm. This distance between the transmitter device and the receiver device is commonly referred to as the source-detector spacing.

[0075] As will be described in more detail below, the transceiver assembly preferably includes a plurality of holding devices and transceiver devices, and the transceiver devices therefore preferably also include a plurality of transmitter devices and receiver devices. The distances between two or more of these transmitter devices and receiver devices may be the same or different from each other. In other words, the source-detector spacing may be the same or different. Again, in other words, the transmitter devices and receiver devices are preferably arranged and / or configured for short-range measurements and / or long-range measurements. In fact, the transceiver assembly is preferably configured to perform multi-range measurements, i.e., receiving signals from body tissue and / or transmitting signals to body tissue at multiple distances. Therefore, it is preferred that the transmitter devices and receiver devices are arranged and / or configured for both short-range and long-range measurements. Furthermore, it is preferred that the transceiver assembly is configured to perform such multi-range measurements simultaneously (i.e., concurrently).

[0076] The transceiver assembly preferably further includes at least one attachment device for attaching the retaining device to a part of a human or animal's body. The attachment device is preferably a headpiece, such as a hat, headband, or headgear, such as a virtual reality headgear, or a body garment capable of being attached to the torso or limbs.

[0077] The retaining device is preferably attached to an attachment device and is able to be attached to a human or animal body part, the human or animal body tissue receiving signals transmitted by the transceiver assembly and / or the human or animal receiving signals by the transceiver assembly.

[0078] There are many ways in which the attachment device and the retaining device can be connected to each other. For example, the attachment device may include a recess therein into which the retaining device is received. The retaining device may be glued or snapped into the attachment device, for example, glued or snapped into the recess of the attachment device. However, it is also conceivable that the attachment device and the retaining device may be manufactured as a single unit.

[0079] As previously mentioned, it is particularly preferred that the transceiver assembly includes a plurality of holding devices and a plurality of transceiver devices. Statements made regarding one holding device preferably also apply to two or more holding devices, and vice versa. Statements made regarding one transceiver device preferably also apply to two or more transceiver devices, and vice versa.

[0080] On the other hand, a method for manufacturing a transceiver assembly is provided, the transceiver assembly being used to receive signals from body tissue and / or transmit signals to body tissue, preferably a transceiver assembly as described above. The method includes the steps of: i) providing at least one holding device, and ii) providing at least one transceiver device. The transceiver device is configured to receive signals from body tissue and / or transmit signals to body tissue. The transceiver device is connectable to the holding device along a connection direction. The transceiver device includes at least one first transceiver magnetic element, and the holding device includes at least one first holding magnetic element. The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are arranged sequentially relative to the connection direction and are configured to apply a magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device includes at least one second transceiver magnetic element, and the holding device includes at least one second holding magnetic element. The second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are arranged sequentially relative to a transverse direction extending perpendicular to the connection direction and are configured to apply a magnetic force to each other. In this context, the sequential arrangement of two magnetic elements indicates that the magnetic polarities of the two elements interact with each other, and this interaction exerts force behavior as described in the preceding paragraphs, which describes a substantially exponential behavior in one direction and a position-dependent behavior in the other. Advanced manufacturing processes can allow the production of magnetic elements comprising a first and a second magnetic element in a single element to apply magnetic forces in both directions along and perpendicular to the connection direction. Furthermore, the first and / or second magnetic elements need not be perfectly parallel within themselves, but it is conceivable that an angle between them is possible, provided that the previously described effect of the combination of their magnetic forces is achieved.

[0081] The transceiver device can be connected to the holding device by the total magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element, the second transceiver magnetic element, and the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element.

[0082] Any statements made regarding the transceiver assembly also apply to the methods of manufacturing the transceiver assembly, and vice versa.

[0083] Transceiver assemblies (particularly holding devices and / or transceiver devices) can be 3D printed or injection molded, for example. The first and second transceiver magnetic elements and / or the first and second holding magnetic elements are preferably bonded together, such as glued to the transceiver device and the holding device, respectively. Other methods, such as injection molding the magnetic elements to the transceiver device and the holding device, are equally conceivable. Attached Figure Description

[0084] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrating these preferred embodiments and not for limiting them. In the drawings,

[0085] Figure 1a A perspective view of a transceiver assembly is shown, which includes an attachment device, a holding device, and a transceiver device for attachment to a human or animal body part.

[0086] Figure 1b It shows that according to Figure 1a Front view of the transceiver component;

[0087] Figure 2 It shows that according to Figure 1a A perspective view of a holding device for a transceiver assembly and a transceiver device, wherein the transceiver device is partially inserted into the holding device;

[0088] Figure 3 The first position is shown. Figure 1a A perspective view of the holding device and transceiver device;

[0089] Figure 4 The second position is shown. Figure 1a A perspective view of the holding device and transceiver device;

[0090] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1a An exploded view of the transceiver assembly;

[0091] Figure 6 It shows Figure 1a Exploded view of the holding device of the transceiver assembly;

[0092] Figure 7a It shows that according to Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of the holding device and transceiver device in the first position;

[0093] Figure 7b It shows that according to Figure 3 Another partial cross-sectional view of the holding device and transceiver device in the first position;

[0094] Figure 7c It shows that according to Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the holding device and transceiver device in the first position;

[0095] Figure 8a It shows that according to Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the holding device and transceiver device in the second position;

[0096] Figure 8b It shows that according to Figure 4 Another partial cross-sectional view of the holding device and transceiver device in the second position;

[0097] Figure 8c It shows that according to Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the holding device and transceiver device in the second position;

[0098] Figure 9 A partial exploded view of the transceiver assembly is shown, wherein the transceiver device includes a transmitter device, a receiver device, and an analysis device;

[0099] Figure 10 The basis for attachment to body parts is shown. Figure 1a A partial cross-sectional view of the transceiver assembly, wherein the holding device and the transceiver assembly are in the first position;

[0100] Figure 11 The basis for attachment to body parts is shown. Figure 1a A partial cross-sectional view of the transceiver assembly, wherein the holding device and the transceiver assembly are in the second position;

[0101] Figure 12 A graph depicting the magnetic force of one configuration of the present invention is shown, including two first holding magnetic elements and two second holding magnetic elements, as well as two first transceiver magnetic elements and two second transceiver magnetic elements; however, each second transceiver magnetic element includes a larger magnet and a smaller magnet. Force curves for the first magnetic elements, the second magnetic elements, and combinations thereof are depicted separately. A distance of 0 mm corresponds to the minimum distance between the transceiver device and the holding device, and the increased distance corresponds to the increased distance in the disconnection direction;

[0102] Figure 13 A graph is shown depicting a comparison between a simulation of the force applied by the first magnetic element and a force measurement on a bench setup;

[0103] Figure 14 A graph is shown depicting a comparison between a simulation of the force applied by the second magnetic element and a force measurement on a bench setup;

[0104] Figure 15 The diagram shows simulations depicting different second magnetic elements, including one containing a small magnet (4 mm). 4 mm 1 mm), a large magnet (10 mm) 4 mm A second holding magnetic element consisting of 1 mm magnet and a combination of the two magnets, wherein the larger magnet is positioned toward the transceiver side. Detailed Implementation

[0105] The various aspects of the transceiver assembly 1 according to the present invention will now be discussed with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0106] Specifically, the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention is configured to receive signals from body tissue 2 and / or send signals to body tissue 2.

[0107] As follows Figure 1a and Figure 1b The transceiver assembly 1 includes a plurality of retaining devices 3, 3a, ... and a plurality of transceiver devices 4, 4a, ..., wherein the transceiver devices 4, 4a, ... are configured to receive signals from and / or transmit signals to the body tissue 2. The transceiver assembly 1 also includes attachment devices 12 for attaching the retaining devices 3, 3a, ... to a human or animal body part. In the depicted example, the attachment device 12 is a headpiece, particularly a hat that can be worn by a human whose body tissue 2 is receiving signals transmitted by the transceiver assembly 1 and / or whose signals are received by the transceiver assembly 1. The retaining devices 3, 3a, ... are fixedly attached to the attachment device 12, i.e., snapped into recesses 13, 13a, ... of the attachment device 12.

[0108] For simplicity, the following description will generally refer to one holding device 3 and one transceiver device 4. It should be noted that the same description applies to multiple holding devices 3, 3a, ... and multiple transceiver devices 4, 4a, ...

[0109] According to Figure 2 It becomes apparent that the holding device 3 and the transceiver device 4 are separate components that can be detachably connected to each other. For this purpose, the transceiver device 4 can be connected to the holding device 3 along the connection direction C, wherein the holding device 3 includes a holding housing 14 defining an insertion opening 9 into which the transceiver device 4 is inserted. During connection or insertion of the transceiver device 4, the transceiver device 4 performs translational movement in the connection direction C and toward the holding device 3. If the transceiver device 4 is to be disconnected from the holding device 3, it moves in the opposite direction (i.e., along the disconnection direction D) and away from the holding device 3.

[0110] The transceiver device 4 includes a transceiver housing 15, which is at least partially housed within a retaining housing 14 when the transceiver device 4 is inserted into the insertion opening 9 of the retaining device 3. As will be described in further detail below, when the transceiver device 4 is inserted into the insertion opening 9 of the retaining device 3, the transceiver device 4 is connected to the retaining device 3 by a total magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element 5 and the second transceiver magnetic element 7, and by the first retaining magnetic element 6 and the second retaining magnetic element 8. Furthermore, the transceiver device 4 is movably held within the insertion opening 9 by the total magnetic force and is movable relative to the connection direction C and the disconnection direction D.

[0111] Furthermore, as shown in the figures below, the transceiver housing 15 includes a circumferential sidewall 16 that opens at the top side 18 and forms an opening 17. On the opposite bottom side 19, the transceiver housing 15 has a bottom wall 20 with recesses 21, 21a for receiving first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a. The bottom wall 20 also has two contact elements 10, 10a for contacting body tissue 2, the function of which will be described in more detail later. The circumferential sidewall 16 has recesses 22, 22a in which second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a are accommodated. The opening 17 at the top side 18 of the transceiver housing 15 can be closed by a cover 23.

[0112] The retaining housing 14 also has a circumferential sidewall 24, which in this case has openings at both the top side 25 and the bottom side 26. The bottom side 26 of the sidewall 24 can be connected to a bottom wall 27 having a plurality of pins 28, 28a, ... These pins 28, 28a, ... can be received in corresponding openings 29, 29a, ... in the bottom side 19 of the sidewall 24, thereby enabling the bottom wall 27 to be connected to the sidewall 24 of the retaining housing 14 by means of force engagement and / or form engagement, see details. Figure 9 and Figure 10 Furthermore, the bottom wall 27 of the retaining housing 14 has a dumbbell-shaped opening through which the contact elements 10, 10a of the transceiver device 4 can at least partially protrude. The bottom wall 27 of the retaining housing 14 also has two recesses 30, 30a in which first retaining magnetic elements 6, 6a are accommodated. Second retaining magnetic elements 8, 8a are arranged in corresponding recesses 31, 31a in the side wall 24 of the retaining housing 14.

[0113] The transceiver housing 15 is rotatably housed within the retaining housing 14 and is rotatable about a rotation axis R that extends parallel to the connection direction C. This rotatability is particularly due to the substantially circular design of the transceiver housing 15 and the retaining housing 14 when viewed in cross-section. Furthermore, the transceiver housing 15 and the retaining housing 14 in the example have rotational stop elements that limit the angle of rotation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 2 to 5 Rotation stop element 32 of transceiver device with protrusion and Figure 2 The rotation stop element 32a of the holding device.

[0114] In fact, the circular design also allows the transceiver device 4 to be twisted within the retaining device 3. This advantageous feature simplifies wear because it makes it easier to accommodate the hair 33 on the body tissue 2 to be detected, for example, see also below. While special tools are often required to brush away hair or rotate the transceiver device 4 through the hair, the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention eliminates this necessity. In particular, the transceiver device 4 can be easily rotated onto the hair by grasping it with two fingers, allowing the contact elements 10, 10a to pass through the hair for detection. This significantly simplifies the attachment process and reduces the required wear time.

[0115] Therefore, the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention enables direct attachment of transceiver devices 4, 4a, ... to probe body tissue 2, such as skin, thereby producing a controlled force that provides an optimal balance between comfort and signal quality while adapting to various hair conditions. This solution greatly enhances the usability of any system, improving signal quality, setup time, and overall comfort.

[0116] The transceiver device and the retaining device may each include at least one fastening element for removably securing the transceiver device to the retaining device. The fastening may be provided in addition to a magnetic connection. The fastening is preferably mechanical and / or the fastening element is preferably configured for an engagement-type locking fit and / or a friction fit. For example, the fastening element may be configured for an engagement-type snap-fit ​​connection.

[0117] The fastening elements are preferably disposed on and / or within the retaining housing and transceiver housing, for example, in the insertion opening. However, other arrangements of the fastening elements are equally conceivable. In practice, the fastening elements can be disposed anywhere on the transceiver assembly and the retaining device, as long as they allow the transceiver assembly and the retaining device to be fastened to each other.

[0118] As previously mentioned, the transceiver device 4 can be connected to the holding device 3 via a total magnetic force, which allows the transceiver device 4 to take different positions relative to the holding device 3 and relative to the connection direction C, for example... Figure 3and Figure 4 .Right now, Figure 3 The first position is depicted, in which, with Figure 4 Compared to the second position depicted in the diagram, the transceiver device 4 is positioned further away from the holding device 3 relative to the connection direction C.

[0119] The total magnetic force is applied by the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a, and by the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a. See also Figures 5 to 8c .

[0120] In other words, here, the transceiver device 4 includes two first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a, and the holding device 3 includes two first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a. The first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a are arranged sequentially relative to the connection direction C and configured to apply magnetic force to each other. Here, the transceiver device 4 includes two second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a, and the holding device 3 includes two second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a. The second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a are arranged sequentially relative to a transverse direction T extending perpendicular to the connection direction C and configured to apply magnetic force to each other.

[0121] In each case, one of the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and one of the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a are arranged to completely overlap each other with respect to the connection direction C. Similarly, in each case, one of the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and one of the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a are arranged to partially overlap each other with respect to the lateral direction T. Furthermore, as shown in the figures below, the overlapping first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a do not contact each other, but the overlap exists only in terms of the spatial arrangement and / or surface extension of these magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a relative to each other.

[0122] As follows Figures 7a to 8c The second magnetic elements 7, 7a of the transceiver device 4 and the second magnetic elements 8, 8a of the holding device 3 are arranged closer to the outside of the transceiver assembly 1 than the first magnetic elements 5, 5a of the transceiver device 4 and the first magnetic elements 6, 6a of the holding device 3. This is a result of the larger size of the holding device 3, which causes the transceiver device 4 to be housed in the insertion opening 9 of the holding device 3, rather than the other way around. However, although not depicted, the opposite design of the transceiver device 4 being larger than the holding device 3 is equally conceivable.

[0123] See Figure 7a and Figure 7bThe first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a extend within the first transceiver plane pt1, and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a extend within the second transceiver plane pt2. Here, the first transceiver plane pt1 and the second transceiver plane pt2 extend perpendicularly to each other. The first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a extend within the first holding plane ph1, and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a extend within the second holding plane ph2. Here, the first holding plane ph1 and the second holding plane ph2 extend perpendicularly to each other. The first transceiver plane pt1 and the first holding plane ph1 extend parallel to each other, and the second transceiver plane pt2 and the second holding plane ph2 extend parallel to each other by default (because they can rotate). Furthermore, it should be noted that, for example, the magnetic elements do not need to have a planar shape, but instead have a curved shape. In this case, the above description regarding the planes and their arrangement relative to each other can be understood as applicable to the (imaginary) reference plane extending through the magnetic elements. Furthermore, in the depicted example, the shapes of the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a are different from each other, wherein the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a have a disc shape, while the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a have a square shape. This also applies to the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a. Additionally, the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a are diametrically opposed to each other with respect to the connection direction C. This also applies to the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a.

[0124] In the depicted example, the second holding magnetic element 8, 8a is formed by two sub-magnetic elements 81, 81a in each case. That is, each second holding magnetic element 8, 8a is a two-piece component, wherein, in each case, the two sub-magnetic elements 81, 81a constitute one of the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a. Each of the two sub-magnetic elements 81, 81a constituting one of the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a is arranged adjacent to each other relative to the lateral direction T and has a different design. In particular, the sub-magnetic element 81 arranged closer to the outside of the transceiver assembly 1 is smaller than the sub-magnetic element 81a arranged towards the inside of the transceiver assembly 1 or towards the insertion opening 9 of the holding device 3, respectively.

[0125] The number of first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a is the same as the number of first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a, and the number of second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a is the same as the number of second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a, wherein two sub-magnetic elements 81, 81a constituting the second holding magnetic element 8, 8a are understood as one second holding magnetic element 8, 8a. Specifically, the depicted example includes two first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a, two second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a, two first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a, and two second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a.

[0126] As previously mentioned, the transceiver device 4 includes at least one contact element 10 configured to contact body tissue 2. In the depicted example, the transceiver device includes two contact elements 10, 10a in the form of protruding tips, which are formed in the bottom wall 20 of the transceiver housing 15 and arranged close to each other.

[0127] In the depicted example, the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a, as well as the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a, are permanent magnets having dipoles with two magnetic poles, referred to as the "south pole" and the "north pole".

[0128] The first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a are arranged such that opposite polarities are opposite to each other relative to the connection direction C. Here, the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a are arranged in the transceiver device 4 such that their south poles are opposite to the north poles of the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a relative to the connection direction C. Furthermore, the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a are arranged such that opposite polarities are opposite to each other relative to the lateral direction T. Here, the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a are arranged in the transceiver device 4 such that their south poles are opposite to the north poles of the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a relative to the lateral direction T. The magnetic poles of the aforementioned magnets do not need to be perfectly aligned.

[0129] The first transceiver plane pt1 and the second transceiver plane pt2, as well as the first holding plane ph1 and the second holding plane ph2, are parallel to the plane extensions separating the North and South Poles in the respective first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a, and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a.

[0130] Figure 9A transceiver device 4, as just described, is depicted, comprising a transmitter device 34 in the form of a light-emitting diode (LED) configured to transmit signals to body tissue 2, and two receiver devices 35, 35a in the form of a photodiode (PD) and a silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM) configured to receive signals from body tissue. The transceiver device 4 (particularly the receiver devices 35, 35a) is connected to an analysis device 36 in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB) for analyzing the signals received from body tissue 2 by the receiver devices 35, 35a. The transmitter device 34 and the receiver devices 35, 35a are at least partially arranged in contact elements 10, 10a. In fact, one of the contact elements 10 includes the transmitter device 34, while the other contact element 10a includes the two receiver devices 35, 35a. The transmitter device 34 also includes two light-emitting elements 38, 38a to optimally guide light from the transmitter device 34 to tissue 2, and vice versa, from tissue 2 to receiver devices 35, 25a. The transmitter device 34, receiver devices 35, 35a, and analysis device 26 are each connected to a battery-type power source 37 that powers these components.

[0131] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the transceiver assembly 1 is configured to provide variable pressure to the body tissue 2, the variable pressure varying in position relative to the transceiver device 4 relative to the holding device 3 and relative to the connection direction C. Specifically, their magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a are arranged and configured such that their total magnetic force allows the transceiver device 4 to apply pressure to the body tissue 2, the pressure being applied to bald areas (see [link to diagram]). Figure 10 ) and areas with thick hair (see Figure 11 The two are consistent within a narrow range.

[0132] In practice, the presence of only the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a allows for the application of optimal pressure only within a limited operating range, particularly within short magnetic distances (such as, in situations where...). Figure 11 Applying excessive force to objects with thick hair (as indicated in the text), or targeting objects with thick hair... Figure 10 The bare object indicated in the diagram applies insufficient force within the large magnetic distance. In the case of excessive force, the presence of the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a pulls the transceiver device 4 upward, i.e., away from the body tissue 2, to reduce the total magnetic force. In the case of insufficient force, the presence of the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a pulls the transceiver device 4 downward, i.e., towards the body tissue 2.

[0133] Therefore, to ensure robust and comfortable application of the transceiver assembly 1, it is crucial to have a connection mechanism provided by the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3, along with their combined magnetic force, capable of accommodating individual differences in hair and anatomical structure among users, as well as any movement that may occur during application. To address these sometimes conflicting needs, a connection mechanism capable of applying well-defined and modular / variable forces to the probed body tissue 2 is required, tailored to the needs of each patient.

[0134] On the one hand, the connection mechanism must be flexible enough to prevent significant changes in force due to movement (as high force may cause discomfort, while low force may cause signal loss) or the occurrence of strong artifacts. On the other hand, the connection mechanism must be able to apply the aforementioned consistent force over a narrow range to both bald and thick-haired areas to ensure continuous patient comfort.

[0135] In this invention, this is achieved by combining the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a with the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a. The first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a apply a magnetic force with inverse square decay along the connection direction C, and the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a provide additional force along the connection direction according to the position of the transceiver assembly 4 relative to the holding assembly 3. This linear combination of downward and upward forces allows the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention to overcome the limitations imposed on magnetic elements following an inverse square attraction pattern.

[0136] Therefore, the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention realizes the attractive magnetic force of the magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a to generate modular / variable pressure when probing body tissue 2, wherein the first transceiver magnetic element 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic element 6, 6a, which are arranged horizontally in the transceiver assembly 1 in a certain sense and can therefore be regarded as horizontal magnetic elements, are combined with the second transceiver magnetic element 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic element 8, 8a, which are arranged laterally relative to the first transceiver magnetic element 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic element 6, 6a in a certain sense and can therefore be regarded as lateral magnetic elements, to overcome the substantially exponential nature of magnetic attraction.

[0137] exist Figure 12In the diagram, an increase in the total force along the connection direction C is shown for distances greater than 6 mm between the transceiver element 4 and the holding element 3. This intentional behavior introduces a magnetic edge that needs to be overcome to disconnect the transceiver device 4 from the holding device 3. Due to the greater attractive force, this facilitates the insertion of the transceiver device 4 into the holding device and reduces the risk of the transceiver device 4 accidentally disconnecting from the holding device 3 due to movement or mechanical contact.

[0138] As follows Figure 13 The graph depicted shows that the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a or horizontal magnetic elements apply a continuous force in an exponential manner toward the holding device 3 along the connection direction C. This force distribution was verified by simulation (triangle markers) and bench measurements (circle markers), which depict a good overlap of force distribution and amplitude.

[0139] As follows Figure 14 The graph depicted shows that the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a or lateral magnetic elements apply a variable force in the connection direction C according to the current position of the transceiver device 4 within the holding device 3. This force distribution was verified using simulation (triangle markings) and bench measurements (circle markings), which depicted a good overlap of force distribution and amplitude.

[0140] As follows Figure 12 The graph depicted shows that the first total magnetic force is a linear combination of the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a, as well as the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a. Specifically, Figure 12 The inverse square behavior of the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a, or horizontal magnets, is shown, exhibiting high attraction at small distances along the connecting axis C and rapidly decaying at greater distances (triangle markings). Furthermore, the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a, or lateral magnetic elements, apply variable forces (circle markings) depending on the current position of the transceiver device 4 within the holding device 3. They primarily generate downward forces in the downward direction, i.e., forces towards the holding device 3 along the connecting direction C, except when the transceiver device 4 is almost completely inserted into the holding device 3 (where the distance between the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a is less than 2 mm and relative to the connecting direction C). The total magnetic force applied to the probed body tissue 2 (fork markings) is generated by a linear combination of downward forces that are spatially separated enough not to interfere with each other. The resulting curves show a more linearized behavior, where the total force decreases at distances shorter than 2 mm relative to the connection direction C, and increases at distances longer than 2 mm.

[0141] In addition, according to the following Figure 15 The graph depicted shows various combinations of the second magnetic elements, such as using only one second magnetic holding element 8, 8a, or the combination proposed according to the invention of a smaller magnet 81 and a larger magnet 81a. If only one magnet is used, there will be a noticeable magnetic bump for each magnet that will introduce pull into the connection direction C. Therefore, it will be possible to... A 2 mm distance produces a linearized force distribution, targeting A distance of 6 mm offers no attraction, or vice versa, providing a magnetic edge to prevent the transceiver device 4 from easily breaking, while also providing excessive force for short distances below 2 mm. Therefore, the combination of short and long magnets produces a force field that combines the two intended functions of a single magnet.

[0142] For illustrative purposes, some example specifications of the connection mechanism provided by the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3 and their total magnetic force are given below in this document.

[0143] Example 1:

[0144] A force of 0 mm to 2 mm is applied between the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3 relative to the connection direction C. This is generally applicable to body tissues in the form of a head area with long and thick hair. Based on existing technology and consistent with our own experience, a force of 0.5 mm is preferred. Up to 0.9 The pressure. At 0.141 The transceiver area is provided in units with a diameter of 3 mm and a diameter of 9.81 mm. In the case of the two contact elements 10 at their ends under the influence of gravity, the transceiver assembly has a power requirement of 0.69 N to 1.21 N.

[0145] In this case, the connecting element 10 of the transceiver device 4 protrudes to its maximum extent from the bottom side 19 of the transceiver device 4, such as... Figure 11 As depicted, this corresponds to the minimum distance between the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3, making it possible to accommodate thick hair or loose hats.

[0146] Example 2:

[0147] Force applied to a distance of 4 mm to 6 mm between the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3 relative to the connection direction C: This typically applies to any measurement on body tissue in the form of a bald head area or other body locations (e.g., arms, fingers). For this configuration, 0.2 Up to 0.5 The pressure range corresponds to the force requirement of 0.27 N to 0.69 N for the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention. The aim is to keep it close to the lower threshold of this range to maximize comfort.

[0148] In this case, the connecting element 10 of the transceiver device 4 protrudes to a minimum from the bottom side 19 of the transceiver device 4, such as Figure 10 As depicted, this corresponds to a larger distance of 4 mm to 6 mm between the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3, enabling measurement in the case of a bare body area.

[0149] Other specifications:

[0150] Weight: The total weight of the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention is preferably less than 800 grams, more preferably less than 600 grams, corresponding to the weight of a ski helmet. For example, an exemplary transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention may include 50 transceiver devices 4, 4a, ... each weighing 8 g, which causes a connection mechanism provided by the transceiver devices 4, 4a, ... and the retaining devices 3, 3a, ... and the attachment device 12 (such as a hat). 200 g (i.e., for a single holding device) The maximum total weight is 4 g.

[0151] For the attachment state in the bald head area, where the travel length of the transceiver device 4 relative to the retaining device 4 (i.e., the maximum distance the tip of the contact element 10 can protrude from the lower edge 27 of the retaining device) is 6 mm: in this state, the magnet-to-magnet distance between the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first retaining magnetic elements 6, 6a (i.e., bottom magnetic elements) in the transceiver device 4 and the retaining device 3 is between 4.5 mm and 6.5 mm, meaning their attraction is low. To increase pressure on the body tissue 2 (such as skin), the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second retaining magnetic elements 8, 8a (i.e., lateral magnetic elements) additionally generate a downward force toward the retaining device 3. The two larger sub-magnetic elements 81a of the second retaining magnetic elements 8, 8a arranged in the sidewall 24 of the retaining device 3 create a magnetic "edge" and prevent the transceiver device 4 from falling out of the retaining device 3. That is, the so-called magnetic "edge" can be regarded as taking over the function of a mechanical stop that prevents the transceiver device from breaking off too easily. It should be noted that such magnetic "edges" can be provided alternatively. For example, magnetic "edges" can be generated by separate second magnetic elements arranged with opposite polarities and applying a repulsive force in addition to the existing setup. Once a magnet is inserted, this will allow the creation of the "edge" that needs to be overcome.

[0152] For the attachment state of the head region with hair, the travel length of the transceiver device 4 relative to the holding device 3 is between 0 mm and 2 mm. In this state, the magnet-to-magnet distance between the first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and the first holding magnetic elements 6, 6a (i.e., bottom magnetic elements) in the transceiver device 4 and the holding device 3 is between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. The magnet-to-magnet distance corresponds to 0.5 mm when the distance between the holding device 3 and the transceiver device 4 is the smallest, which means that their attraction is the highest. In order to reduce the pressure on body tissues (such as skin), the second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a and the second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a (i.e., lateral magnetic elements) additionally generate an upward force away from the holding device 3 in the disconnection direction D.

[0153] Although the accompanying drawings depict an exemplary transceiver assembly 1 including two first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a and two second transceiver magnetic elements 7, 7a, as well as a first holding magnetic element 6, 6a and two second holding magnetic elements 8, 8a, or a particular arrangement and design, many other numbers of magnetic elements, arrangements, and designs are conceivable.

[0154] For example, the size or thickness of the magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a can be adjusted to change the force applied to the body tissue 2, especially when the contact element 10 protrudes significantly from the holding device 3. Instead of using two first transceiver magnetic elements 5, 5a in the form of two circular magnets, any number of magnetic elements that generate an attractive force can be used. Additionally, annular magnetic elements can be combined with circular magnetic elements in the transceiver device 4. This allows for the design of transceiver devices 4 with different geometries and the use of smaller magnetic elements when applying the same force to the body tissue 2. Furthermore, adjusting the thickness of the magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a allows for changes in the slope of the curve in specific areas, such as flattening the substantially exponential curve associated with the magnetic force within the distance between the holding device 3 and the transceiver device 4. The thickness can be varied within the transceiver device 4 or the holding device 3. Varying the thickness of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a achieves an inverse square behavior affecting the magnetic force, and reduces the size of the holding device 3 or transceiver device 4 by using thinner magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a. Modifying the size of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a (changing the height of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a) in the z-direction or along the connection direction C allows for adjustment of the minimum force and the position of the magnetic "edge". Varying the size of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a (changing the width of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a) in the x-direction or along the lateral direction T alters the force applied to the body tissue 2, which has the same effect as increasing the thickness of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a. Changing the position of magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a; 8, 8a (e.g., shifting the second transceiver magnetic element 7, 7a or the second holding magnetic element 8, 8a upwards or downwards, or tilting magnetic elements 5, 5a; 6, 6a; 7, 7a) can affect the resistance of these magnetic elements 7, 7a; 8, 8a to the forces acting on body tissue 2. For example, shifting these magnetic elements 7, 7a; 8, 8a upwards results in a stronger reduction in the substantially exponential behavior, while shifting these magnetic elements 7, 7a; 8, 8a downwards can enhance the substantially exponential behavior.

[0155] Therefore, the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention provides a novel attachment system that enhances usability and signal quality, for example, when performing biosignal measurements. Among its advantages are:

[0156] Compact size and simplicity: minimizes obtrusiveness and facilitates manufacturing;

[0157] Easy to use: Enables effortless and flexible transceiver attachment to the desired location;

[0158] Comfort: To maximize user comfort for long-term and satisfactory use;

[0159] Firm contact with body tissue 2: Allows adjustable pressure to ensure firm contact with body tissue 2, regardless of the characteristics of body tissue 2 (such as hair characteristics).

[0160] Furthermore, the availability of most biosignal sensing systems can be significantly improved by integrating the transceiver assembly 1 according to the invention. In particular, the transceiver assembly 1 can be easily integrated into existing headwear solutions (such as hats or arm-like structures and any type of strap around the torso or limbs), thereby improving the signal quality and ease of use of these systems.

[0161] The advantages of magnet-based structures are:

[0162] Ease of use: The proposed connection mechanism enables a plug-and-play method for placing the biosignal transceiver device without the need for attaching separate mechanical parts (e.g., caps on each retainer 3) or using special tools for placement. Thanks to our method, the transceiver device generates optimal pressure on the body tissue 2 without any preparation or prior knowledge about the wearable system.

[0163] Wearing time: For comparable institutions, the time required to wear a biotransmitter with this connection mechanism is significantly reduced. For bald areas, only insertion of the biotransmitter into the holding device is needed, which takes a few seconds for the entire head. For users with a lot of hair, the transmitter device must be rotated to probe through the hair, but the wearing time is still significantly shorter compared to other solutions, and no special equipment is required. For time-sensitive applications, wearing time is a critical factor, which is typically the case for all clinical or home applications.

[0164] Comfort: Due to the optimal force distribution acting on body tissue 2, the risk of pressure pain is low. The pressure is comfortable, whether for a bald person with a securely attached cap or a person with thick hair and a loosely attached cap. Sufficient stroke length and increased force allow for handling such opposite situations.

[0165] Signal quality: Optimized signal quality is achieved by consistently applying the appropriate amount of pressure to the body tissue 2. A secure contact ensures no gaps exist between the transceiver device and the body tissue 2. Simultaneously, the connection mechanism prevents excessive force that could induce pain-related physiological signals.

[0166] Robustness: With the increasing clinical application of brain imaging and the free movement of subjects in studies, solutions that are securely held to the skin to prevent motion artifacts are crucial. Because the magnetic element is positioned closer to the body tissue 2 compared to existing spring solutions, the weight of the attachment mechanism is closer to the head, resulting in minimal lever arm during movement. This improves the robustness of the transceiver assembly 1 compared to other solutions. Our solution also maintains significant advantages over arm-like structures or fully integrated caps because it better compensates for motion-induced interference, provided the attachment assembly is placed securely enough.

[0167] Another advantage is the significantly improved usability by reducing setup time and facilitating the processing of biosignal measurement systems. This enhances the user experience and addresses one of the major challenges of current wearable brain imaging systems. Additionally, it greatly benefits signal quality by providing a firm and comfortable contact with the skin and effectively handling hair and motion artifacts.

[0168] List of reference numerals

[0169] 1 Transceiver Component

[0170] 2 Body tissues

[0171] 3, 3a, ... holding device

[0172] 4, 4a, ... transceiver devices

[0173] 5, 5a, ... First transceiver magnetic element

[0174] 6, 6a, ... First retaining magnetic element

[0175] 7, 7a, ... Second transceiver magnetic elements

[0176] 8, 8a, ... Second retaining magnetic element

[0177] 81, 81a, ... sub-magnetic elements

[0178] 9 Insertion opening

[0179] 10, 10a, ... contact elements

[0180] 11 openings

[0181] 12 attachments

[0182] 13, 13a,…concave

[0183] 14. Retain the housing

[0184] 15 Transceiver Housing

[0185] 16 sidewalls

[0186] 17 openings

[0187] 18 top side

[0188] 19 Bottom Side

[0189] 20 bottom wall

[0190] 21, 21a recess

[0191] 22, 22a recess

[0192] 23 covers

[0193] 24 sidewalls

[0194] 25 top side

[0195] 26 bottom side

[0196] 27 bottom wall

[0197] 28, 28a, ... sales

[0198] 29, 29a, ... openings

[0199] 30, 30a,…concave

[0200] 31, 31a,...concave

[0201] 32, 32a Rotary stop element

[0202] 33 hairs

[0203] 34 transmitter devices

[0204] 35, 35a receiver device

[0205] 36 Analytical Devices

[0206] 37 batteries

[0207] 38, 38a light emitting device

[0208] C Connection Direction

[0209] D Disconnection Direction

[0210] T Lateral direction

[0211] R-axis rotation

[0212] PT1 First Transceiver Plane

[0213] PT2 Second Transceiver Plane

[0214] ph1 First holding plane

[0215] ph2 second holding plane

Claims

1. A transceiver assembly (1) for receiving signals from body tissue (2) and / or sending signals to body tissue (2), comprising: - At least one retaining device (3); and - At least one transceiver device (4); The transceiver device (4) is configured to receive signals from body tissue (2) and / or send signals to body tissue (2). The transceiver device (4) can be connected to the holding device (3) along the connection direction (C), and The transceiver device (4) includes at least one first transceiver magnetic element (5), and the holding device (3) includes at least one first holding magnetic element (6). The first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) are arranged sequentially relative to the connection direction (C) and configured to apply magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device (4) is characterized in that it includes at least one second transceiver magnetic element (7), and the holding device (3) includes at least one second holding magnetic element (8). The second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the second holding magnetic element (8) are arranged sequentially in a lateral direction (T) perpendicular to the connection direction (C), and are configured to apply magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device (4) is connected to the holding device (3) by the total magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element (5; 7) and the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element (6; 8).

2. The transceiver assembly (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) are configured to apply an attractive magnetic force to each other, and / or The second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the second holding magnetic element (8) are configured to apply attractive and / or repulsive magnetic forces to each other.

3. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The transceiver assembly (1) is configured to provide variable pressure to the body tissue (2), the variable pressure being positional relative to the transceiver device (4) relative to the holding device (3) and relative to the connection direction (C).

4. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The transceiver device (4) can be movably connected to the holding device (3) relative to the connection direction (C) by the total magnetic force.

5. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first transceiver magnetic element and the second transceiver magnetic element (5; 7) and the first holding magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element (6; 8) are arranged such that their total magnetic force is a linear combination of the following: i) the magnetic force applied between the first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) and ii) the magnetic force applied between the second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the second holding magnetic element (8).

6. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) are arranged such that the magnetic force they apply is at least one of the following: - The transceiver device (4) is attracted toward the holding device (3) along the connection direction (C); or - The distance between the first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) relative to the connection direction (C) decreases, increasing substantially exponentially.

7. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the second holding magnetic element (8) are arranged such that, depending on the position of the transceiver device (4) relative to the holding device (3) and relative to the connection direction (C), their magnetic forces attract the transceiver device (4) toward the holding device (3) along the connection direction (C), or push the transceiver device (4) away from the holding device (3) along the disconnection direction (D) extending in the opposite direction to the connection direction (C).

8. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first transceiver magnetic element (5) and the first holding magnetic element (6) are arranged to at least partially overlap each other with respect to the connection direction (C), and preferably, to completely overlap, and / or The second transceiver magnetic element (7) and the second holding magnetic element (8) are arranged to overlap each other at least partially with respect to the lateral direction (T).

9. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, At least one of the following: - The first transceiver magnetic element (5) extends within the first transceiver plane (pt1), and the second transceiver magnetic element (7) extends within the second transceiver plane (pt2). The first transceiver plane (pt1) and the second transceiver plane (pt2) extend at an angle and preferably perpendicular to each other. - The first retaining magnetic element (6) extends within a first retaining plane (ph1), and the second retaining magnetic element (8) extends within a second retaining plane (ph2). The first retaining plane (ph1) and the second retaining plane (ph2) extend at an angle and preferably perpendicular to each other. - The first transceiver plane (pt1) and the first holding plane (ph1) extend parallel to each other, and / or the second transceiver plane (pt2) and the second holding plane (ph2) extend parallel to each other.

10. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The retaining device (3) includes an insertion opening (9), and The transceiver device (4) is at least partially accommodated in the insertion opening (9), and / or The transceiver device (4) is movably held within the insertion opening (9) by the total magnetic force, and preferably is movable relative to the connection direction (C).

11. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The transceiver device (4) is rotatably connected to the holding device (3) and is preferably rotatable about a rotation axis (R) that extends parallel to the connection direction (C).

12. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes at least one contact element (10) configured to contact the body tissue (2), and in, The transceiver assembly (1) is configured to press the contact element (10) against the body tissue (2) by the total magnetic force, and / or The retaining device (3) includes at least one opening (11), and the contact element (10) is capable of protruding at least partially through the at least one opening (11) when in contact with the body tissue (2).

13. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The transceiver device (4) includes at least one transmitter device (34) configured to send signals to the body tissue (2) and / or at least one receiver device (35, 35a) configured to receive signals from the body tissue (2), and The signals transmitted to the body tissue (2) and / or received from the body tissue (2) are preferably optical signals and / or electrical signals and / or electromagnetic signals and / or acoustic signals, and / or The transmitter device (34) and / or the receiver device (35, 35a) are preferably arranged at least partially in the contact element (10).

14. The transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes at least one attachment device (12) for attaching the retaining device (3) to a human or animal body part, and in, The attachment device (12) is preferably a headpiece, such as a hat, headband or headgear, such as a virtual reality headgear, or a body garment that can be attached to the torso or limbs.

15. A method of manufacturing a transceiver assembly (1) for receiving signals from body tissue (2) and / or sending signals to body tissue (2), preferably a transceiver assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The method includes the following steps: - Provide at least one retaining device (3); and - Provide at least one transceiver device (4); The transceiver device (4) is configured to receive signals (2) from body tissue and / or send signals to body tissue (2). The transceiver device (4) can be connected to the holding device (3) along the connection direction (C), and The transceiver device (4) includes at least one first transceiver magnetic element, and the holding device (3) includes at least one first holding magnetic element. The first transceiver magnetic element and the first holding magnetic element are arranged sequentially relative to the connection direction (C) and configured to apply magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device (4) is characterized in that it includes at least one second transceiver magnetic element, and the holding device (3) includes at least one second holding magnetic element. The second transceiver magnetic element and the second holding magnetic element are arranged sequentially in a lateral direction perpendicular to the connection direction (C), and are configured to apply magnetic force to each other. The transceiver device (4) is connected to the holding device (3) by the total magnetic force applied by the first transceiver magnetic element, the second transceiver magnetic element, the first holding magnetic element, and the second holding magnetic element.

Images