Device for surface analysis of stone materials and system for manufacturing stone materials
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202480085971.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-02-02
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-16
AI Technical Summary
[0058] Further advantages, details, and features of the present invention can be obtained from the embodiments described below. Specifically:
Smart Images
Figure CN122935690A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for surface analysis of stone. Furthermore, this invention relates to a system for manufacturing stone. Background Technology
[0002] In stone manufacturing, especially in the production of concrete stone such as paving stones, hollow blocks, curb stones, edge stones, and the like, defects may occur. These defects can be cracks, segregation, edge damage, or color defects on the stone surface.
[0003] To date, quality assurance for concrete stone, such as that produced using stone processing machines, has primarily been done manually, with people making purely subjective judgments about whether the manufactured stone meets quality requirements. When defective stone is identified, it is manually removed from the conveyor belt.
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for surface analysis of at least one concrete stone, which enables objective, rapid and more accurate quality assurance of manufactured stone, particularly concrete stone. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This objective of the invention is achieved by an apparatus having the features described in claim 1 for performing surface analysis on at least one type of stone. Advantageous designs of this apparatus are described in the dependent claims of claim 1.
[0006] Specifically, the object of the present invention is achieved by an apparatus for surface analysis of at least one type of stone, wherein the apparatus has a transport support surface for placing and transporting at least one type of stone along a transport direction, wherein the transport support surface extends in both the transport direction and the transverse direction. The apparatus also includes at least one 3D surface scanner adapted to detect the morphology of at least one surface of the stone, wherein the 3D surface scanner is spaced apart from the transport support surface in a vertical direction perpendicular to both the transport direction and the transverse direction. Furthermore, the apparatus includes at least one white light illumination device for emitting linear white light in the direction of the transport support surface, wherein the longitudinal extension of the linear white light is substantially parallel to the transverse direction of the transport support surface, and wherein the white light illumination device is spaced apart from the transport support surface in the vertical direction. Additionally, the apparatus includes an RGB camera for detecting light emitted by the white light illumination device and reflected by the at least one surface of the at least one type of stone, wherein the RGB camera is spaced apart from the transport support surface in the vertical direction and arranged spaced apart from the 3D surface scanner in the transport direction. The device includes a control unit coupled to the at least one 3D surface scanner and an RGB camera. The control unit is designed to: receive morphology data representing the shape of at least one surface of the at least one stone from the 3D surface scanner and receive reflection data representing the reflectivity of the at least one surface of the stone from the RGB camera; detect the height difference of the morphology of the at least one surface of the at least one stone based on the morphology data, and output an error signal when the height difference is greater than a maximum height difference; and detect the reflectivity of the at least one surface of the stone based on the reflection data, and output an error signal when the reflectivity exceeds a predetermined reflectivity range.
[0007] The apparatus of the present invention enables objective, rapid, and more precise quality assurance of manufactured stone, particularly concrete stone. The apparatus of the present invention makes it possible to determine the surface morphology of at least one type of stone, and further makes it possible to determine the surface color or color variations of at least one type of stone. Therefore, structural and color defects on the stone surface can be reliably detected.
[0008] The surface of the at least one stone includes, for example, the top surface and / or one or more sides and / or edges of the at least one stone.
[0009] The transport support surface can be designed as a conveyor belt or transport belt. The transport support surface is driven by a drive device. The transport direction and lateral direction are preferably stretched into a plane, which is horizontally aligned when the device is in the installed position. The transport support surface can be part of a stone processing machine. Preferably, the transport support surface is designed to accommodate multiple stones, which are more preferably positioned in multiple ordered rows on the transport support surface.
[0010] A 3D surface scanner can be designed to emit a structured light pattern in the direction of the transport support surface. Based on the light pattern detected by the 3D surface scanner on the surface of at least one stone, its morphology can be detected because the emitted light pattern is known.
[0011] The morphology of the stone surface should be understood as the surface structure of the surface. The device is preferably designed such that it can determine the surface structure of the stone with an accuracy of up to 0.1 mm.
[0012] The at least one white light illumination device is preferably designed as an LED white light illumination device having a plurality of LEDs emitting white light, which are arranged along the longitudinal extension of the white light illumination device.
[0013] The RGB camera has a CCD sensor. The CCD sensor is further preferably designed as a CCD linear array sensor.
[0014] The control device is designed as an electronic control device. It is designed to receive and / or transmit data, particularly control signals, from a 3D surface scanner and / or from an RGB camera. Furthermore, the control device is preferably data-coupled with the at least one white light illumination device to transmit control signals.
[0015] The reflectivity or reflectivity of the at least one surface is calculated based on the known color and emission characteristics of the at least one white light illumination device and the reflection data received by the RGB camera.
[0016] Preferably, the device is designed to have a first white light illumination device and a second white light illumination device, each signal-coupled to a control device, wherein the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device are at a first horizontal distance from each other in the transport direction. Here, the first emission direction of the first white light illumination device forms a first angle with the vertical direction, and the second emission direction of the second white light illumination device forms a second angle with the vertical direction. The first horizontal distance, the first angle, and the second angle are set such that the first linear white light emitted by the first white light illumination device and the second linear white light emitted by the second white light illumination device coincide on one surface of the stone.
[0017] The correspondingly designed device makes it possible to more accurately determine the reflectivity of at least one surface of the stone. This is because, based on linear white light incident on the stone surface at first and second angles, the shadow projection caused by the stone surface topography can be calculated. This avoids erroneous signals.
[0018] Preferably, the absolute values of the first angle and the second angle are the same. For example, the first angle is 35° and the second angle is -35°.
[0019] Preferably, the absolute values of the first angle and the second angle are between 20° and 60°, more preferably between 25° and 50°, and even more preferably between 30° and 40°.
[0020] More preferably, the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device have the same vertical distance from the transport support surface. More preferably, the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device are arranged symmetrically about a plane of symmetry spanned by the vertical and lateral directions.
[0021] Preferably, the distance between the RGB camera and the transport support surface in the vertical direction is greater than the distance between the first white light illumination device and / or the second white light illumination device and the transport support surface in the vertical direction.
[0022] More preferably, the distance between the RGB camera and the transport support surface in the vertical direction is between 500mm and 1500mm, more preferably between 700mm and 1200mm, and even more preferably between 800mm and 1000mm.
[0023] More preferably, the distance between the first white light illumination device and / or the second white light illumination device and the transport support surface in the vertical direction is between 150mm and 500mm, more preferably between 150mm and 400mm, and even more preferably between 150mm and 300mm.
[0024] Preferably, the distance between the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device parallel to the transport direction is between 100mm and 500mm, more preferably between 150mm and 400mm, and even more preferably between 200mm and 300mm.
[0025] More preferably, the device is designed such that the RGB camera is positioned between the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device in the transport direction.
[0026] The correspondingly designed device has the advantage of compact size because the space between the first and second white light illumination devices is occupied by the RGB camera. Furthermore, the corresponding arrangement of the RGB camera with respect to the first and second white light illumination devices makes it possible to more accurately determine the reflectivity of at least one surface of the stone, by reducing misjudgments of reflectivity caused by misjudgments of shadow projection due to shape. This avoids erroneous signals.
[0027] More preferably, the RGB camera is at the same distance from the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device in the transport direction.
[0028] More preferably, in this device, the RGB camera is designed as an RGB linear array sensor, wherein the linear array sensor extends longitudinally parallel to the first linear white light and the second linear white light, and wherein the RGB linear array sensor is arranged and aligned between the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device, so that the surface of the stone illuminated by the first linear white light and / or the second linear white light can be optically acquired by means of the RGB linear array sensor.
[0029] The correspondingly designed device makes it possible to determine the reflectivity of at least one surface of a stone when the stone passes through the transport support surface at a higher transport speed. This is because the number of image points from the RGB linear array sensor that need to be read out is reduced, allowing for faster electronic processing of the corresponding data.
[0030] More preferably, the device is designed such that the first white light illumination device and / or the second white light illumination device are supported in a manner that allows for a variable distance from the transport support surface.
[0031] The advantage of the correspondingly designed device is that it can analyze stones with different height extensions. Because, due to the variable distance of the supports for the first and / or second white light illumination devices, these illumination devices can always be positioned relative to the transport support surface such that the focal point of the first and / or second white light illumination devices is always located on the at least one surface of the at least one stone.
[0032] More preferably, in this device, the control device is designed to activate the first white light illumination device and the second white light illumination device at different points in time by transmitting control signals.
[0033] The correspondingly designed device makes it possible to more accurately determine the reflectivity of at least one surface of the stone. This is because, based on linear white light incident on the stone surface at first and second angles, the shadow projection caused by the stone surface topography can be calculated. This avoids erroneous signals.
[0034] Preferably, in this device, the control device is designed to: receive first reflection data from an RGB camera representing the reflectivity of at least one surface of the stone for light in the red wavelength range, detect a first reflectivity of the at least one surface of the stone in the red wavelength range based on the first reflection data, and output an error signal when the first reflectivity exceeds a predetermined first reflectivity range. Alternatively or additionally, the control device is designed to: receive second reflection data from an RGB camera representing the reflectivity of at least one surface of the stone for light in the green wavelength range, detect a second reflectivity of the at least one surface of the stone in the green wavelength range based on the second reflection data, and output an error signal when the second reflectivity exceeds a predetermined second reflectivity range. Alternatively or additionally, the control device is designed to: receive third reflection data from an RGB camera representing the reflectivity of at least one surface of the stone for light in the blue wavelength range, detect a third reflectivity of the at least one surface of the stone in the blue wavelength range based on the third reflection data, and output an error signal when the third reflectivity exceeds a predetermined third reflectivity range.
[0035] The correspondingly designed device makes it possible to more accurately determine the color or color variation of the surface of at least one type of stone. Therefore, color defects on the stone surface can be detected more reliably.
[0036] Preferably, in this device, the 3D surface scanner is designed to: emit a structured light pattern in the direction of the transport support surface, acquire the at least one surface of the at least one stone illuminated by the structured light pattern, and calculate the morphological data of the at least one surface of the at least one stone based on the acquired image data.
[0037] The correspondingly designed device enables the rapid and highly accurate determination of the surface morphology of the at least one stone. Therefore, the correspondingly designed device enables reliable determination of the stone surface morphology even when the transport support surface and thus the transport speed of the at least one stone or the plurality of stones are high.
[0038] The device is preferably designed such that it can determine the surface structure of the stone with an accuracy of up to 0.1 mm.
[0039] Preferably, the device has at least two 3D surface scanners, each of which optically acquires a surface area of the transport support surface, wherein the corresponding surface areas are adjacent to and / or partially overlap each other.
[0040] With the help of the correspondingly designed device, a larger area of the transport support surface can be optically acquired. Therefore, the correspondingly designed device enables a higher throughput of the stone to be analyzed.
[0041] Preferably, the device is designed such that it has a light-absorbing device arranged in the transport direction between the at least one 3D surface scanner and the RGB camera, and extends in the vertical direction, preferably extending to the transport support surface.
[0042] The correspondingly designed device has improved accuracy in determining the morphology of the surface of at least one stone and in determining the color or color variation of the surface of at least one stone, because the light emitted by the at least one white light illumination device is not detected by the 3D surface scanner, and the light emitted by the 3D surface scanner is not detected by the RGB camera. Therefore, structural and color defects on the stone surface can be detected more reliably.
[0043] The light-absorbing device is preferably designed as a light-blocking curtain.
[0044] Preferably, in this device, the control device is designed to take into account morphological data to correct the reflectivity of the at least one surface of the at least one stone.
[0045] The correspondingly designed device makes it possible to more accurately determine the color or color variation of the surface of at least one stone. Therefore, color defects on the stone surface can be detected more reliably. This is because, by considering the detected morphology of the surface of at least one stone, the resulting shadows cast by the illumination of the surface using the at least one white light illumination device can be identified or anticipated.
[0046] Preferably, in the device, the transport support surface is designed to allow multiple stones to be placed on the transport support surface and to be transported in the transport direction, wherein the control device is designed to identify the at least one stone that outputs the error signal when at least one error signal is output.
[0047] The correspondingly designed device enables faster quality assurance of the manufactured stone, especially concrete stone. Furthermore, it significantly simplifies the sorting work that, when appropriate, is performed by the operator of the device.
[0048] More preferably, the device has a display device for displaying the at least one stone material identified as defective.
[0049] The correspondingly designed device enables faster quality assurance of the manufactured stone, especially concrete stone. Furthermore, it significantly simplifies the sorting work that, when appropriate, is performed by the operator of the device.
[0050] The display device is preferably designed as a monitor. Alternatively, the display device may project optical signals (illumination) onto the defective stone, thereby making it possible to further simplify the sorting process.
[0051] More preferably, the device has a removal device for removing the at least one stone material identified as defective.
[0052] The correspondingly designed device has a higher degree of automation, which enables the device to handle a higher throughput of the stone to be analyzed.
[0053] The removal device is preferably designed as a robot that uses a gripping arm to remove the stone identified as defective from the transport support surface.
[0054] The object of the invention is also achieved by a system for manufacturing stone, particularly concrete stone, having the features of claim 15.
[0055] Specifically, the object of the present invention is achieved by a system for manufacturing stone, particularly concrete stone, the system having a stone manufacturing machine and the aforementioned first device for surface analysis, wherein the first device is arranged on the wet side of the system. The system also has the aforementioned second device for surface analysis, wherein the second device is arranged on the dry side of the system.
[0056] The wet side of the system is preferably located directly after the stone processing machine, allowing analysis of the still-wet or damp stone using a first device for surface analysis. The dry side of the system is the area in the system where the stone exists in a dry form. For example, when wet stone is being transported to a storage and / or drying unit. In this case, the dry side of the system is located downstream of the storage and / or drying unit in the direction of stone transport. Therefore, the dry stone can be analyzed using a second device for surface analysis.
[0057] The correspondingly designed system has further improved reliability in surface analysis because the surface of the stone can change again during the drying process. Attached Figure Description
[0058] Further advantages, details, and features of the present invention can be obtained from the embodiments described below. Specifically: Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus according to the invention for surface analysis of at least one type of stone is shown. Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A schematic top view of an apparatus for surface analysis of at least one type of stone; and Figure 3 A schematic and extremely simplified illustration shows a system for manufacturing stone according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0059] In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same components or features; therefore, a description of a component with reference to one drawing also applies to other drawings to avoid repetition. Furthermore, features described in connection with one embodiment may also be used individually in other embodiments. Additionally, the methods according to the first to seventh embodiments may be combined with each other.
[0060] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view shows an apparatus 1 for performing surface analysis on at least one type of stone S. Figure 2 Shown from above the transport support surface 10 of device 1 Figure 1 The device 1 shown. The transport support surface 10 is designed to place and transport multiple stones S in the transport direction T. For example, from... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen, the transport support surface 10 extends in the transport direction T and the lateral direction Q.
[0061] Device 1 also includes at least one 3D surface scanner 20. Figure 1 For clarity, only one 3D surface scanner 20 is shown in the diagram, while three 3D surface scanners 20 of device 1 are shown in the figure. These 3D surface scanners 20 are adapted to detect the morphology of the surface SO of stone S. (See also: [details omitted]) Figure 1 As can be seen, the 3D surface scanner 20 is spaced apart from the transport support surface 10 in the vertical direction V, which is oriented perpendicular to the transport direction T and the lateral direction Q.
[0062] For example, specifically from Figure 2 As can be seen, the corresponding 3D surface scanners 20 are designed as surface regions 11, 12, and 13 of their respective optical acquisition and transport support surfaces 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the first surface region 11 is adjacent to the second surface region 12, wherein the first surface region 11 and the second surface region 12 partially overlap. The third surface region 13 is arranged adjacent to the second surface region 12, and similarly partially overlaps with the second surface region 12.
[0063] Furthermore, device 1 has at least one white light illumination device 31, 32 for emitting linear white light in the direction of the transport support surface 10. In the illustrated embodiment, device 1 has a first white light illumination device 31 and a second white light illumination device 32, which are only used in… Figure 1 It is shown in, but not in Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the first white light illumination device 31 and the second white light illumination device 32 have a first horizontal distance D between them in the transport direction T.
[0064] White light illuminating devices 31 and 32 are arranged and aligned such that the first emission direction 41 of the first white light illuminating device 31 forms a first angle α1 with the vertical direction V, and the second emission direction 42 of the second white light illuminating device 32 forms a second angle α2 with the vertical direction V. Here, the first horizontal distance D, the first angle α1, and the second angle α2 are set such that the first linear white light emitted by the first white light illuminating device 31 and the second linear white light emitted by the second white light illuminating device 32 coincide on a surface SO of the stone S. The corresponding longitudinal extension L of the linear white light is substantially parallel to the transverse direction Q of the transport support surface 10. The white light illuminating devices 31 and 32 are spaced apart from the transport support surface 10 in the vertical direction V.
[0065] In order to enable the device 1 to be used on stone S with different height extensions, the first white light illumination device 31 and the second white light illumination device 32 are supported in a manner that allows for a variable distance from the transport support surface 10.
[0066] Device 1 also includes an RGB camera 50 for detecting light emitted by white light illumination devices 31 and 32 and reflected by the surface SO of the stone S. In the illustrated embodiment, the RGB camera 50, designed as an RGB linear array sensor 50, is spaced apart from the transport support surface 10 in the vertical direction V. Furthermore, the RGB camera 50 is arranged at intervals with the 3D surface scanner in the transport direction T.
[0067] from Figure 1 As can be seen, device 1 also has a control device 60, which in... Figure 2 Not shown in the diagram. The control device 60 is data-coupled with the 3D surface scanner 20 and the RGB camera 50. Furthermore, the control device is signal-coupled with the first white light illumination device 31 and the second white light illumination device 32. The control device 60 can be designed to activate the first white light illumination device 31 and the second white light illumination device 32 at different points in time by transmitting control signals.
[0068] As described above, in the illustrated embodiment, the RGB camera 50 is designed as an RGB linear array sensor 50. Here, the linear array sensor 50 extends longitudinally parallel to the first linear white light emitted by the first white light illumination device 31 and the second linear white light emitted by the second white light illumination device 32. The RGB linear array sensor 50 is arranged and aligned between the first white light illumination device 31 and the second white light illumination device 32 in the transport direction T, such that the surface SO of the stone S illuminated by the first linear white light and / or the second linear white light can be optically acquired by means of the RGB linear array sensor 50.
[0069] The control device 60 is designed to receive topographic data representing the morphology of the surface SO of the stone S from the 3D surface scanner 20. Furthermore, the control device 60 is designed to receive reflection data representing the reflectivity of the surface SO of the stone S from the RGB camera 50. Based on the topographic data, the height difference of the surface SO of each stone S is detected, and an error signal is output when the height difference exceeds a maximum height difference. Additionally, in each case, the reflectivity of the corresponding surface SO of the stone S is detected based on the reflection data, and an error signal is output when the reflectivity exceeds a predetermined reflectivity range.
[0070] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment of device 1 shown, the device includes a display device 80. The control device 60 is designed to identify at least one stone S that generates and / or outputs an error signal when such an error signal is output. The stone S identified as erroneous is displayed on or by means of the display device 80.
[0071] from Figure 1 As can be seen, device 1 also includes a light-absorbing device 70, which can be designed, for example, as an opaque panel or curtain. The light-absorbing device 70 is arranged in the transport direction T between the 3D surface scanner 20 and the RGB camera 50, and extends in the vertical direction V. The light-absorbing device 70 absorbs light generated by the first and second white light illumination devices 31, 32 and reflected by the surface SO of the stone S in the direction of the 3D surface scanner 20. Furthermore, the light-absorbing device 70 absorbs light generated by the 3D surface scanner 20 and reflected by the surface SO of the stone S in the direction of the RGB camera.
[0072] Figure 3 A system 100 for manufacturing stone S is shown. The system S includes a stone processing machine 110 for manufacturing stone S. Furthermore, the system has... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first device 1 shown and in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second device 1 is shown. Here, the first device 1 is arranged on the wet side 120 of the system 100. In the illustrated embodiment, the wet side 120 is arranged between the stone machine 110 and the storage device 140 in the transport direction T of the transport support surface 10. The storage device 140 can be designed, for example, as a storage rack system with multiple storage racks 140. The storage racks 140 can be designed to be movable and preferably can be transported to a drying device, such as a furnace for drying the stone S. The second device 1 is arranged on the dry side 130 of the system 100. The dry side 130 of the system 100 is the area in the system 100 where the stone S exists in a dried form.
[0073] List of reference numerals
[0074] 1. Apparatus for surface analysis
[0075] 10. Transport support surface
[0076] 11 (First surface area of transport support surface)
[0077] 12 (Second surface area of transport support surface)
[0078] 13 (Third surface area of transport support surface)
[0079] 20 3D Surface Scanners
[0080] 31 First White Light Illumination Device
[0081] 32 (Second white light illumination device) Second emission direction
[0082] 41 (First emission direction of the first white light illumination device)
[0083] 42 Second white light illumination device
[0084] 50 RGB camera / RGB linear array sensor
[0085] 60 Control device
[0086] 70 Light Absorption Device
[0087] 80 Display devices / monitors
[0088] 100 Systems for Manufacturing Stone
[0089] 110 Stone Machinery
[0090] 120 (for stone processing machinery) wet side
[0091] 130 (Stone machine) dry side
[0092] 140 Storage facilities for systems used in stone manufacturing
[0093] D (horizontal distance between the first and second white light illumination devices)
[0094] The vertical extension of L-shaped white light
[0095] Q. Horizontal direction
[0096] S Stone
[0097] SO stone surface
[0098] T transport direction
[0099] V Vertical direction
[0100] ZL linear array sensor longitudinal extension
[0101] α1 First Angle
[0102] α2 Second angle.
Claims
1. An apparatus (1) for performing surface analysis on at least one type of stone (S), wherein the apparatus (1) has the following characteristics: - Transport support surface (10) for placing and transporting at least one stone (S) in the transport direction (T), wherein the transport support surface (10) extends in the transport direction (T) and the transverse direction (Q); - At least one 3D surface scanner (20) adapted to detect the morphology of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S), wherein the 3D surface scanner (20) is spaced apart from the transport support surface (10) in a vertical direction (V) perpendicular to the transport direction (T) and the transverse direction (Q). - At least one white light illumination device (31, 32) for emitting linear white light in the direction of the transport support surface (10), wherein the longitudinal extension (L) of the linear white light is oriented substantially parallel to the transverse direction (Q) of the transport support surface (10), and wherein the white light illumination device (31, 32) is spaced apart from the transport support surface (10) in the vertical direction (V). - RGB camera (50) for detecting light emitted by the white light illumination device (31, 32) and reflected by the at least one surface (SO) of the at least one stone (S), wherein the RGB camera (50) is spaced apart from the transport support surface (10) in the vertical direction (V) and spaced apart from the 3D surface scanner (20) in the transport direction (T). as well as - A control device (60) is data coupled to the at least one 3D surface scanner (20) and the RGB camera (50), wherein -The control device (60) is designed to: - Receive morphological data representing the morphology of at least one surface (SO) of at least one stone (S) from the 3D surface scanner (20), and - Receive reflection data representing the reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) from the RGB camera (50), and - Detect the height difference of the morphology of at least one surface (SO) of at least one stone (S) based on the morphology data, and output an error signal when the height difference is greater than the maximum height difference, and - Detect the reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) based on the reflectivity data, and output an error signal when the reflectivity exceeds a predetermined reflectivity range.
2. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the following features: -The device (1) has a first white light illumination device (31) and a second white light illumination device (32), each of which is signal-coupled to the control device (60); - The first white light illumination device (31) and the second white light illumination device (32) have a first horizontal distance (D) between them in the transport direction (T); - The first emission direction (41) of the first white light illumination device (31) forms a first angle (α1) with the vertical direction (V), and the second emission direction (42) of the second white light illumination device (32) forms a second angle (α2) with the vertical direction (V); and - The first horizontal distance (D), the first angle (α1) and the second angle (α2) are set such that the first linear white light emitted by the first white light illuminator (31) and the second linear white light emitted by the second white light illuminator (32) overlap on one surface (SO) of the stone (S).
3. The apparatus (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The RGB camera (50) is arranged in the transport direction (T) between the first white light illumination device (31) and the second white light illumination device (32).
4. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized by the following features: -The RGB camera (50) is designed as an RGB linear array sensor (50); -The linear array sensor (50) extends longitudinally parallel to the first linear white light and the second linear white light; - The RGB linear array sensor (50) is arranged and aligned between the first white light illumination device (31) and the second white light illumination device (32) so that the surface (SO) of the stone (S) illuminated by the first linear white light and / or the second linear white light can be optically acquired by means of the RGB linear array sensor (50).
5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The first white light illumination device (31) and / or the second white light illumination device (32) are supported in a manner that allows for a variable distance from the transport support surface (10).
6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The control device (60) is designed to activate the first white light illumination device (31) and the second white light illumination device (32) at different times by transmitting control signals.
7. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The control device (60) is designed to: -Receive first reflection data from the RGB camera (50) representing the reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) for light in the red wavelength range, and - Detect the first reflectance of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) in the red wavelength range based on the first reflectance data, and output an error signal when the first reflectance exceeds a predetermined first reflectance range; And / or - Receive second reflection data, representing the reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) within the green wavelength range, from the RGB camera (50), and - Detect the second reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) in the green wavelength range based on the second reflectivity data, and output an error signal when the second reflectivity exceeds a predetermined second reflectivity range; And / or - Receive third reflection data, representing the reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) in the blue wavelength range, from the RGB camera (50), and - Detect the third reflectivity of at least one surface (SO) of the stone (S) within the blue wavelength range based on the third reflectivity data, and output an error signal when the third reflectivity exceeds a predetermined third reflectivity range.
8. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The 3D surface scanner (20) is designed to be: -Emit a structured light pattern in the direction of the transport support surface (10), - Collect the at least one surface (SO) of the at least one stone (S) illuminated by the structured light pattern, and - Based on the acquired image data, calculate the morphological data of the at least one surface (SO) of the at least one stone (S).
9. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - The device has at least two 3D surface scanners (20), each of which optically acquires a surface region (11, 12, 13) of the transport support surface (10); and - The corresponding surface regions (11, 12, 13) are adjacent to each other and / or partially overlap.
10. The apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The device (1) has a light-absorbing device (70) arranged in the transport direction (T) between the at least one 3D surface scanner (20) and the RGB camera (50) and extending in the vertical direction (V), preferably extending to the transport support surface (10).
11. The apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The control device (60) is designed to take into account the morphology data to correct the reflectivity of the at least one surface (SO) of the at least one stone (S).
12. The apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - The transport support surface (10) is designed to be able to place multiple stones (S) on the transport support surface and to be transported in the transport direction (T); - The control device (60) is designed to identify the at least one stone (S) that outputs the error signal when at least one error signal is output.
13. The apparatus (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The device (1) has a display device (80) for displaying the at least one stone (S) identified as defective.
14. The apparatus (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The device (1) has a removal device for removing the at least one stone (S) identified as defective.
15. A system (100) for manufacturing stone (S), having - Stone machine (110) for manufacturing stone (S); - A first device (1) for surface analysis according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first device (1) is disposed on the wet side (120) of the system (100); and - A second device (1) for surface analysis according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the second device (1) is arranged on the dry side (130) of the system (100).