Low power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) procedure

Abstract

Aspects of the disclosure relate to methods and apparatuses for time and frequency synchronization during a low power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) procedure. For example, the LP-WUS procedure can include transmitting signaling via on-off keying (OOK) modulation. Such signaling requires less processing relative to quadrature frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signals, and can be used to inform a wireless node that a transmitting device has data to transmit to the wireless node via an OFDM transmission. Thus, in response to the LP-WUS signal, the wireless node can power up a main radio capable of receiving and demodulating the OFDM transmission.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. non-provisional application series 18 / 619,089, filed on March 27, 2024, entitled “LOW-POWER WAKE-UP SIGNAL (LP-WUS) PROCEDURES,” the disclosure of which is expressly and in its entirety incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates in general to communication systems, and more specifically to time and / or frequency synchronization between wireless nodes during a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) process. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the Continuous Evolution of Mobile Broadband (CWB) program issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT),) and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR are based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. These improvements can also be applied to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that adopt them. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The following is a simplified summary of one or more aspects of the invention to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This overview is not an exhaustive summary of all conceived aspects, nor is it intended to identify key or decisive elements of all aspects, nor to depict the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0007] Various aspects relate to a user equipment (UE) configured for wireless communication. In some examples, the UE includes a first radio component and a second radio component, the second radio component consuming more power than the first radio component during operation. In some examples, the UE includes: one or more memories having instructions individually or in combination; and one or more processors configured individually or in combination to execute the instructions. In some examples, the one or more processors are configured to receive a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via the first radio component. In some examples, the one or more processors are configured to receive downlink communication via the second radio component after receiving the LP-WUS.

[0008] Various aspects relate to a network entity configured for wireless communication. In some examples, the network entity includes: one or more memories having instructions individually or in combination; and one or more processors configured individually or in combination to execute the instructions. In some examples, the one or more processors are configured to transmit a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication. In some examples, the one or more processors are configured to transmit downlink communication after transmitting LP-WUS.

[0009] Various aspects relate to a method for conducting wireless communication at a wireless node. In some examples, the method includes receiving a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via a first radio component. In some examples, the method includes receiving downlink communication via a second radio component after receiving the LP-WUS.

[0010] Various aspects relate to a method for conducting wireless communication at a wireless node. In some examples, the method includes transmitting a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication. In some examples, the method includes transmitting downlink communication after transmitting the LP-WUS.

[0011] Various aspects relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. In some examples, the apparatus includes components for receiving a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via a first radio component. In some examples, the apparatus includes components for receiving downlink communication via a second radio component after receiving the LP-WUS.

[0012] Various aspects relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. In some examples, the apparatus includes components for transmitting a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication. In some examples, the apparatus includes components for transmitting downlink communication after transmitting the LP-WUS.

[0013] Various aspects relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a wireless node, cause the wireless node to perform a method. In some examples, the method includes receiving a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via a first radio component. In some examples, the method includes receiving downlink communication via a second radio component after receiving the LP-WUS.

[0014] Various aspects relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a wireless node, cause the wireless node to perform a method. In some examples, the method includes: transmitting a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication. In some examples, the method includes: transmitting downlink communication after transmitting the LP-WUS.

[0015] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings illustrate some exemplary features of one or more aspects in detail. However, these features indicate only some of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0017] Figure 2A This is an illustration of an example of the first frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2B This is a diagram illustrating examples of DL channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2C This is an illustration of an example of a second frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2D This is a diagram illustrating examples of UL channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating examples of base stations and user equipment (UEs) in an access network.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example OOK reference signal (OOK-RS) generated using the on / off key-1 (OOK-1) waveform within a frame structure.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example OOK-RS generated using an OOK-4 waveform within a frame structure.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a composite diagram that includes a call flowchart and an example network. The call flowchart illustrates example communication between the UE and a network entity or base station, and the example network includes the UE and the base station.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a call flowchart illustrating example communication between a UE and a network entity or base station.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a composite diagram that includes a call flowchart and an example timing diagram. The call flowchart illustrates example communication between the UE and a network entity or base station, and the example timing diagram illustrates aspects of the example communication.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a composite diagram that includes a call flowchart and an example timing diagram. The call flowchart illustrates example communication between the UE and a network entity or base station, and the example timing diagram illustrates aspects of the example communication.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0030] Figure 12 This is an example that can be used with Figure 11 and Figure 13 Another flowchart of a wireless communication method that combines one or more aspects.

[0031] Figure 13 This is an example that can be used with Figure 11 and Figure 12 Another flowchart of a wireless communication method that combines one or more aspects.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation used in an example device.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0034] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating another example of a hardware implementation for another example device. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The detailed description below, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is intended as a description of various configurations and not as representing only the configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. To provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed description includes specific details. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring these concepts.

[0036] In certain aspects of wireless communication, low-power wake-up signals (LP-WUS) and low-power synchronization signals (LP-SS) can be used to communicate or indicate certain information between wireless nodes. Using the LP-WUS and LP-SS procedures, user equipment (UE) can be placed into sleep mode to save power. In some examples, the UE can save significantly more power using the LP-WUS and LP-SS procedures compared to using discontinuous reception (DRX) procedures.

[0037] For example, when a UE is performing a DRX procedure, the UE can monitor downlink transmissions from the network during the active period of each DRX cycle and avoid monitoring downlink transmissions during the inactive period of each DRX cycle. Because the UE does not expect to receive downlink transmissions from the network during the DRX inactive period, the UE can save the power that would otherwise be consumed by signal monitoring by entering sleep mode or low-power mode during the DRX inactive period.

[0038] However, the UE's receiver still uses power even in sleep or low-power modes because the UE needs to periodically receive synchronization signals from the network to maintain time and frequency synchronization with the network. Turning the UE's receiver on and off to maintain time and frequency synchronization consumes a significant amount of power; therefore, in some examples, the UE's receiver remains on even during sleep. Thus, the power savings of the DRX procedure are primarily a result of not monitoring downlink transmissions during inactive periods.

[0039] Therefore, in order to save or even more power, aspects of this disclosure relate to a UE that, in addition to the UE's current receiver (e.g., the primary radio component) for receiving OFDM transmissions (e.g., the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and / or the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), is also configured to use a Low Power Wake-up Receiver (LP-WUR). The LP-WUR can be configured to quickly turn on and off relative to the primary radio component and can be able to receive and process relatively simple signals (e.g., signals modulated using on-off keying (OOK)) transmitted over limited bandwidth.

[0040] Various apparatuses and methods will now be used to present several aspects of a telecommunications system. These apparatuses and methods will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0041] As an example, an element, any part of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” including one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, system-on-a-chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system may execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, software should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc.

[0042] Therefore, in one or more example embodiments, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of computer-readable media of the foregoing types, or any other medium capable of storing computer-executable code in the form of computer-accessible instructions or data structures.

[0043] Figure 1 This is an illustration of an example of a wireless communication system and access network 100. The wireless communication system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) includes a base station 102, user equipment (UE) 104, an evolved packet core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G core (5GC)). The base station 102 may include macro cells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Macro cells include base stations. Small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.

[0044] Base station 102 configured for 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) can interface with EPC 160 via a first backhaul link 132 (e.g., S1 interface). Base station 102 configured for 5G New Radio (NR) (collectively referred to as Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) can interface with core network 190 via a second backhaul link 184. Among other functions, base station 102 can also perform one or more of the following functions: delivery of user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution of non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, location, and delivery of warning messages. Base stations 102 can communicate directly or indirectly with each other via a third backhaul link 134 (e.g., an X2 interface) (e.g., via EPC 160 or core network 190). The first backhaul link 132, the second backhaul link 184, and the third backhaul link 134 can be wired or wireless.

[0045] Base station 102 can wirelessly communicate with UE 104. Each base station in base station 102 can provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110. Overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 may exist. For example, small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with the coverage areas 110 of one or more macro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells can be referred to as a heterogeneous network. The heterogeneous network may also include evolved home node B (eNB) (HeNB), which can provide services to restricted groups referred to as closed subscriber groups (CSG). The communication link 120 between base station 102 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also known as reverse link) transmission from UE 104 to base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmission from base station 102 to UE 104. The communication link 120 may use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may use one or more carriers. For the total maximum amount used for sending in each direction, up to Yx MHz ( x For each carrier allocated in carrier aggregation (of component carriers), base station 102 / UE 104 can use up to [number] carriers. Y A spectrum with a bandwidth of MHz (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, etc.). Carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric for DL ​​and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL). Component carriers may include primary component carriers and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as the secondary cell (SCell).

[0046] Some UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. D2D communication link 158 can use DL / UL WWAN spectrum. D2D communication link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be achieved through a variety of wireless D2D communication systems, such as, for example, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

[0047] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 that communicates with a Wi-Fi station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in, for example, an unlicensed spectrum of 5 GHz. When communicating in the unlicensed spectrum, the STA 152 / AP 150 may perform a free channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is available before communication.

[0048] Small cell 102' can operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in unlicensed spectrum, small cell 102' can employ NR and use the same unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz, etc.) as the Wi-Fi AP 150. Small cell 102' employing NR in unlicensed spectrum can improve the coverage of the access network and / or increase the capacity of the access network.

[0049] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz-7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz-52.6GHz). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is distinct from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0050] In light of the foregoing, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that, as used herein, the term "below 6 GHz" and the like can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that, as used herein, the term "millimeter wave" and the like can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, or within the EHF band.

[0051] Base station 102 (whether a small cell 102' or a large cell (e.g., a macro base station)) may include and / or be referred to as an eNB, gNodeB (gNB), or another type of base station. Some base stations (such as gNB 180) may operate in conventional sub-6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave frequencies, and / or near-millimeter wave frequencies to communicate with UE 104. When gNB 180 operates in millimeter wave or near-millimeter wave frequencies, gNB 180 may be referred to as a millimeter wave base station. Millimeter wave base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with UE 104 to compensate for path loss and short range. Base station 180 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming.

[0052] Base station 180 may transmit beamformed signals to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182'. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from base station 180 in one or more receive directions 182''. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals to base station 180 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 180 may receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 180 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of base station 180 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 180 may be the same or different. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0053] EPC 160 may include Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, Serving Gateway 166, MBMS Gateway 168, Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. MME 162 can communicate with Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. MME 162 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and EPC 160. Typically, MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are delivered through Serving Gateway 166, which is itself connected to PDN Gateway 172. PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. PDN Gateway 172 and BM-SC 170 are connected to IP Service 176. IP Service 176 may include the Internet, intranet, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), PS streaming service, and / or other IP services. BM-SC 170 provides functions for MBMS user service dispatch and delivery. The BM-SC 170 can serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, authorizing and initiating MBMS bearer services within a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), and scheduling MBMS transmissions. The MBMS gateway 168 can distribute MBMS services to base station 102 within a Multicast-Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area belonging to a broadcast-specific service, and is responsible for session management (start / stop) and collecting eMBMS-related billing information.

[0054] The core network 190 may include Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, Session Management Functions (SMF) 194, and User Plane Functions (UPF) 195. AMF 192 can communicate with Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. AMF 192 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and the core network 190. Generally, AMF 192 provides Quality of Service (QoS) streaming and session management. All user IP packets are delivered via UPF 195. UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. UPF 195 connects to IP services 197. IP services 197 may include the Internet, intranet, IMS, packet switching (PS) streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0055] Base stations may include and / or be referred to as gNB, Node B, eNB, access point, base transceiver, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Transmitter Receiver Point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology. Base station 102 provides access to EPC 160 or core network 190 for UE 104. Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet computers, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional devices. Some UEs in UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking timers, air pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, radio terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable term. A radio node may include a UE, a base station, or a network entity.

[0056] Refer again Figure 1 UE 104 may include a low-power (LP) synchronization component 198. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the LP synchronization component 198 may be configured to receive a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via a first radio component; and, upon receiving the LP-WUS, to receive downlink communication via a second radio component. Additionally or alternatively, the LP synchronization component 198 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0057] Base station 102 / 180 may include LP synchronization component 199. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, LP synchronization component 199 may be configured to transmit a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication; and to transmit downlink communication after transmitting LP-WUS. Additionally or alternatively, LP synchronization component 199 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0058] Figure 2A Figure 200 illustrates an example of the first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B Figure 230 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2CFigure 250 is an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2D Figure 280 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure can be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to either DL or UL), or Time Division Duplex (TDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to both DL and UL). In the process of... Figure 2A , Figure 2C In the provided example, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 34 (mostly UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 34 and 28 respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mixture of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The slot format is configured for the UE via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0059] Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels. For example, a 10-millisecond (ms) frame may be divided into 10 equal-sized subframes (1ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include micro-time slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the time slot configuration. For time slot configuration 0, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for time slot configuration 1, each time slot may include 7 symbols. Symbols on the DL may be Cyclic Prefix (CP) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. Symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high-throughput scenarios) or Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also known as Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power-constrained scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the time slot configuration and parameter set (numerology). For slot configuration 0, different parameter sets µ 0 to 4 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For slot configuration 1, different parameter sets 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots per subframe, respectively. Correspondingly, for slot configuration 0 and parameter set µ, there are 14 symbols per slot and 2 per subframe. µ Each time slot. Subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are functions of the parameter set. Subcarrier spacing can be equal to... kilohertz (kHz), of which The parameter sets are 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing for parameter set µ=0 is 15kHz, and the subcarrier spacing for parameter set µ=4 is 240kHz. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D An example is provided with slot configuration 0 (14 symbols per slot) and parameter set µ=2 (4 slots per subframe). Slot duration is 0.25 ms, subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within the frame set, there may be one or more distinct bandwidth portions (BWPs) that are frequency-division multiplexed (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2B Each BWP can have a specific set of parameters.

[0060] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot consists of a resource block (RB) extending for 12 consecutive subcarriers (also known as a physical RB (PRB)). The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0061] like Figure 2AAs illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include a demodulated RS (DM-RS) for channel estimation at the UE (indicated as R for a particular configuration). x (where 100x is the port number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). RS may also include Beam Measurement RS (BRS), Beam Refinement RS (BRRS), and Phase Tracking RS (PT-RS). Reference (pilot) signals may include signals not intended to carry payload data from the core network to the UE (although aspects of this disclosure refer to reference signals that may carry a small number of control bits), but are intended to refer to any signal that functions to improve UE functionality by informing the UE of some parameters (e.g., control information) applicable to operation in the cell or access network and / or by providing a mechanism through which the UE can obtain timing, synchronization, and other network attributes.

[0062] Figure 2B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising nine RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. The PDCCH within a BWP can be referred to as a Control Resource Set (CORESET). Additional BWPs can be located at higher and / or lower frequencies in the channel bandwidth. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) is located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) is located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number and radio frame timing. Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DM-RS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS Block (SSB)). The MIB provides the number of RBs in the system bandwidth and the System Frame Number (SFN). The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Blocks (SIBs)), and paging messages. In some examples, base station 102 may periodically transmit SSBs (e.g., SSBs transmitted at periods of 160 ms or less). Base station 102 may transmit SSBs in so-called SSB bursts on each of multiple directional beams. SSB bursts may also be transmitted periodically at periods of 160 ms or less.

[0063] like Figure 2C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in different configurations. The UE can transmit a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of the comb teeth. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0064] Figure 2D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH can be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) / non-acknowledgment (NACK) feedback. The PUCCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0065] Figure 3This is a block diagram illustrating communication between base station 102 / 180 and UE 104 in the access network. In the DL, IP packets from EPC 160 can be provided to one or more controllers / processors 375. Controllers / processors 375 implement Layer 3 and Layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and Layer 2 includes the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the delivery of upper-layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0066] Transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1 (which includes the physical (PHY) layer) may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) decoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. TX processor 316 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be divided into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and then combined using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM stream is spatially pre-decoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from channel estimator 374 are used to determine the decoding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimates can be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by UE 104. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318TX. Each transmitter 318TX can modulate an RF carrier with the corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0067] At UE 104, each receiver 354RX receives signals via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354RX recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and RX processor 356 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for UE 104. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 104, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, along with the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the signal constellation points most likely to be transmitted by base stations 102 / 180. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by the channel estimator 358. These soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the original data and control signals transmitted by base stations 102 / 180 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0068] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with a memory 360 that stores program code and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium and may be any type of computer-readable medium discussed herein (e.g., RAM, ROM, EEPROM, optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the foregoing types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of computer-accessible instructions or data structures). In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0069] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with DL transmissions performed by base stations 102 / 180, controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connectivity, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0070] The channel estimate derived by the channel estimator 358 from the reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 102 / 180 can be used by the TX processor 368 to select an appropriate decoding and modulation scheme, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the TX processor 368 can be provided to different antennas 352 via individual transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate an RF carrier for transmission.

[0071] UL transmission is processed at base station 102 / 180 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 104. Each receiver 318RX receives the signal via its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318RX recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to the RX processor 370.

[0072] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with a memory 376 that stores program code and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium and may be any type of computer-readable medium discussed herein (e.g., RAM, ROM, EEPROM, optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the foregoing types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of computer-accessible instructions or data structures). In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets from the UE 104. IP packets from the controller / processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0073] At least one of the Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 All aspects related to 198.

[0074] At least one of the TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375 can be configured to combine Figure 1 The 199 was used to implement various aspects.

[0075] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station 400 architecture. The decomposed base station 400 architecture may include one or more CUs 410, which may communicate directly with the core network 420 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 420 via one or more decomposed base station units, such as near real-time (RT) RICs 425 via E2 links, or non-RT RICs 415 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 405, or both. CUs 410 may communicate with one or more DUs 430 via appropriate midhaul links (such as F1 interfaces). DUs 430 may communicate with one or more RUs 440 via appropriate fronthaul links. RUs 440 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 440. As used herein, network entities may correspond to base stations or decomposed aspects of base stations (e.g., CU / DU / RU, etc.).

[0076] Each of the units, namely CU 410, DU 430, RU 440, and near-RT RIC 425, non-RT RIC 415, and SMO frame 405, may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each of these units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of these units, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via transmission media. For example, these units may include wired interfaces configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via wired transmission media. Additionally, these units may include wireless interfaces that may include one or more receivers, one or more transmitters, or transceivers (such as one or more radio frequency (RF) transceivers) configured to receive signals via wireless transmission media or transmit signals to one or more other units, or both.

[0077] In some respects, the CU 410 can host higher-level control functions. These control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 410. The CU 410 can be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 410 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 410 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 430 for network control and signaling transmission as needed.

[0078] DU 430 may correspond to a logical unit comprising one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 440s. In some aspects, DU 430 may, at least in part, host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) depending on functional splits (such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some aspects, DU 430 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signaling with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 430 or with control functions hosted by CU 410.

[0079] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 440s. In some deployments, an RU440 controlled by a DU 430 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, based at least in part on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In such architectures, the RU 440 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 440 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 430. In some scenarios, this configuration allows the DU 430 and CU 410 to be implemented in cloud-based RAN architectures such as Virtual RAN (vRAN) architectures.

[0080] SMO framework 405 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 405 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 405 can be configured to interact with cloud computing platforms such as the Open Cloud (O-cloud) 490 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 410, DU 430, RU 440, and near-RT RIC 425. In some implementations, SMO framework 405 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 411) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, SMO framework 405 can communicate directly with one or more RU 440s via the O1 interface. SMO framework 405 may also include a non-RT RIC 415 configured to support the functionality of SMO framework 405.

[0081] The non-RT RIC 415 can be configured to include logical functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 425. The non-RT RIC 415 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 425, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 425 can be configured to include logical functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface such as an E2 interface connecting one or more CU 410s, one or more DU 430s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 425.

[0082] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 425, the non-RT RIC 415 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 425 and may be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 405 or the non-RT RIC 415. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 415 or near-RT RIC 425 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 415 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 405 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0083] On / off key control ( OOK Examples of communication

[0084] In some respects, UE 104 may be configured with at least two distinct radio components: a low-power wake-up radio component (LP-WUR) implemented as an on / off keying (OOK) radio component and an OFDM radio component (e.g., the primary radio component). The OOK radio component may be configured to transmit and / or receive radio signaling using the OOK waveform. In some examples, network entity 102 may send an OOK reference signal (OOK-RS) to UE 104 to enable UE 104 to synchronize time and / or frequency with the network entity.

[0085] In one example, network entity 102 may periodically transmit OOK-RS, and UE 104 may receive and use the OOK-RS to synchronize the timing of one or more of the OOK radio components and / or the main radio components with the timing of network entity 102, as described in more detail below. In some examples, network entity 102 may transmit multiple OOK-RS over multiple beams within a short period of time, similar to the transmission of an SSB burst. In some examples, the OOK-RS configured to provide a time synchronization means to UE 104 may be referred to as a Low Power Synchronization Signal (LP-SS). Network entity 102 may provide UE 104 with indications of the time and frequency resources used by network entity 102 to transmit the LP-SS.

[0086] In another example, network entity 102 may use an OOK waveform to send a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) to UE 104 to trigger UE 104 to power on or wake up its primary radio components to receive additional signaling (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH). In some examples, UE 104 may use LP-WUS to synchronize the timing of one or more radio components with network entity 102.

[0087] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example OOK-RS generated using the OOK-1 waveform 500 within a 5G NR frame structure. Data modulated using the "OOK-1" waveform is represented by the presence or absence of a carrier or subcarrier. In this form of modulation, binary data can be represented by one of two states: 1 or 0. For a "1" bit, a signal is present (ON), while for a "0" bit, a signal is absent (OFF). In some examples, for a "1" bit, all subcarriers associated with the OOK-RS are modulated. A "1" in OOK-1 indicates that one bit of information is transmitted for each symbol.

[0088] In the illustrated example, OOK-RS 504 can be generated based on binary data (e.g., 1010). Each bit of the binary data can be mapped to a corresponding OFDM symbol and processed by an IFFT block 508 configured to compute the inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) and a cyclic prefix (CP). IFFT block 508 transforms the binary bits and associated symbols from the frequency domain to the time domain and adds the CP to each symbol. The resulting OOK-RS 506 is then transmitted to an RF front-end, where it can be up-converted to the carrier frequency and transmitted over the air.

[0089] Subcarriers 0-3 may be allocated for OOK-RS transmission; however, OOK-RS 506 may be transmitted via fewer subcarriers (e.g., subcarriers 0 and 1). The remaining subcarriers may be used for OFDM signaling 502 (e.g., subcarriers 5-11) and / or guard bands (e.g., subcarrier 4).

[0090] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example OOK-RS generated using the OOK-4 waveform 600 within a 5G NR frame structure. Data modulated using the "OOK-4" waveform can also be represented by the presence or absence of a carrier or subcarrier, and the "4" in OOK-4 indicates that four information bits can be transmitted per symbol.

[0091] In the illustrated example, OOK-RS 604 is generated based on the binary data 1010. Here, up to 4 bits of binary data can be mapped to corresponding OFDM symbols. Therefore, OOK-4 modulation may require a more complex modulation process compared to OOK-1. In some examples, prior to IFFT block 608, data can be generated from... M Bit binary data generation N 1 sample, of which N This is equal to the number of subcarriers allocated to OOK-RS, and M It equals the number of binary data bits. (See diagram.) N =2 and M =4. Then, the resulting OOK-RS 606 is transmitted to the RF front end, where it can be up-converted to the carrier frequency and transmitted over the air. With Figure 5 Similar to OOK-1, OOK-RS 606 can be transmitted via fewer subcarriers (e.g., subcarriers 0 and 1), while the remaining subcarriers can be used for OFDM signaling 602 (e.g., subcarriers 5-11) and / or guard bands (e.g., subcarrier 4).

[0092] Examples of time and frequency synchronization

[0093] Frequency synchronization is a process in wireless communication in which a receiver (e.g., UE 104) adjusts its local oscillator to match the frequency of a signal from a transmitter (e.g., network entity 102). Such frequency synchronization processes are typically configured to ensure that UE 104 correctly decodes the transmitted signals, as any frequency offset can lead to decoding errors and performance degradation.

[0094] UE 104 may synchronize its frequency with the network entity based on a reference signal received from the network entity 102. For example, network entity 102 may periodically transmit SS (e.g., SSB and / or LP-SS). When UE 104 receives a signal, it may estimate the frequency offset between its local oscillator (note that in some examples, the main radio component and the LP-WUR may share an oscillator or use different oscillators, or the LP-WUR may not use an oscillator) and the oscillator of the network entity, and then adjust its local oscillator to correct any estimated offset.

[0095] Time synchronization is similar to frequency synchronization because it is the process by which UE 104 aligns its internal clock with the timing of the same reference signal received from the network entity. This time synchronization process is configured to ensure coherent communication between UE 104 and network entity 102. Here, UE 104 may receive SSB and / or LP-SS and estimate the time offset between its internal clock and the timing of the network entity. Once the time offset is estimated, UE 104 adjusts its internal clock to correct for the offset.

[0096] LP-WUS Time synchronization during communication and / Or an example of frequency synchronization

[0097] Figure 7 This is a composite diagram including a call flowchart and an example network 714. The call flowchart illustrates example communication 700 between UE 104 and a network entity or base station 102, which includes UE 104 and a base station. Base station 102 can provide communication coverage for a geographic coverage area 710.

[0098] At the first communication 701, base station 102 may optionally send low-power (LP) configuration information to UE 104. For example, the LP information may indicate the time and / or frequency resources used by base station 102 to send OOK-RS (e.g., LP-WUS and / or LP-SS) to UE 104. In some examples, the first communication 701 may not be necessary if UE 104 has previously been configured with LP information by another base station or has been pre-configured with LP information during production. As described in the examples throughout this disclosure, optional configuration information for the first communication may be sent via one or more of RRC configuration messages, downlink control information (DCI), and / or media access control-control element (MAC-CE).

[0099] At the first procedure 702, UE 104 may shut down its main radio unit or put its main radio unit into a low-power sleep mode. In some examples, UE 104 may perform the first procedure 702 as part of a power-saving procedure and / or based on the fact that UE 104 does not expect to receive downlink communication from base station 102. It should be noted that there are instances where the UE's LP-WUR may remain powered to receive signaling or detect signals transmitted from base station 102.

[0100] In some examples, the signal transmitted from base station 102 may be a burst 708 of SSBs or OOK-RSs. For example, burst 708 may include multiple SSBs transmitted using OFDM waveforms, where each SSB is transmitted via a specific transmit beam. Similarly, burst 708 may include multiple OOK-RSs transmitted using OOK waveforms, where each OOK-RS is associated with a specific transmit beam. For example, base station 102 may transmit via... n A directional beam to send n A first SSB / LP-SS. Therefore, at the second communication 704, base station 102 may transmit one or more reference signals. For example, base station 102 may transmit a burst 708 of SSB / LP-SS, and UE 104 may receive one or more of the SSB / LP-SS. For example, base station 102 may transmit a first SSB / LP-SS (e.g., RS 2) via a first transmit beam 716, and UE 104 may receive the first SSB via a first receive beam 712.

[0101] At the second process 706, UE 104 may synchronize its timing with the timing of base station 102 based on one or more SSB / LP-SS signals (including the first SSB / LP-SS) received or detected by UE 104. In this example, because the UE's main radio component is in sleep mode or powered off, UE 104 may be configured to use LP-WUS to monitor one or more SSB / LP-SS signals. In some examples, UE 104 may use the same one or more receive beams that UE 104 uses to receive PDCCH, PDSCH, and / or Low Power Wake-up Signal (LP-WUS) transmitted from base station 102 to monitor SSB / LP-SS signals. It should be noted that because base station 102 can use OOK waveforms to transmit LP-WUS, UE 104 can receive LP-WUS even if there is a frequency synchronization error between UE 104 and base station 102. However, if there is a time synchronization error between the two devices, UE 104 may not be able to receive LP-WUS.

[0102] Using the LP-WUR, UE 104 can detect one or more SSB signals by sensing the amplitude associated with one or more SSB signals. Because the LP-WUR may have limited functionality relative to the main radio components, it may not be expected that UE 104 will decode the SSB signals detected by the LP-WUR. However, UE 104 can detect the amplitude of the SSB signals, and therefore, UE 104 can also determine the time when the LP-WUR detected the SSB signals. Therefore, based on the time when the LP-WUR detected the SSB signals, UE 104 can correct any time synchronization errors between UE 104 and base station 102.

[0103] Alternatively or otherwise, UE 104 may use the LP-WUR to receive one or more OOK-RS signals. Here, the LP-WUR can receive and decode OOK-RS signals such as LP-SS and LP-WUS. Based on the time when the LP-WUR receives the OOK-RS signal, UE 104 can correct any time synchronization errors between UE 104 and base station 102.

[0104] At the third communication 718, base station 102 may send an LP-WUS to UE 104. UE 104 may receive the LP-WUS via the first receive beam 712 and, in response, wake up its main radio unit for future downlink communication. It should be noted that in the example described herein, base station 102 may send the LP-WUS to a single UE 104 or a target group of UEs. At the third process 720, UE 104 may power on its main radio unit or wake it from sleep mode in response to the LP-WUS. The LP-WUS may be configured to notify UE 104 that base station 102 will send a PDCCH or PDSCH to UE 104 in the future, for which the main radio unit will need to receive and decode it. It should be noted that UE 104 may not expect to receive the PDCCH or PDSCH immediately after receiving the LP-WUS at the third communication 718. For example, base station 102 can separate LP-WUS transmission from PDCCH / PDSCH transmission through a time window to allow UE 104 to power on the main radio components. Therefore, there may be a time offset between LP-WUS transmission and PDCCH / PDSCH transmission.

[0105] Therefore, as referenced above Figure 7 As described, UE 104 can reduce its power consumption by powering off its main radio component or putting it into sleep mode. Furthermore, UE 104 can maintain time synchronization with base station 102 by using LP-WUR to receive OOK-RS and / or by detecting OFDM waveform reference signals through signal amplitude detection, without having to power on its main radio component.

[0106] Figure 8 This is a call flowchart illustrating example communication 800 between UE 104 and a network entity or base station 102. Certain aspects of communication 800 can be used for frequency synchronization between UE 104 and base station 102. Therefore, in some examples, Figure 8 The communication 800 can be combined with the above. Figure 7 The discussed communications are used in combination to synchronize both time and frequency between UE 104 and base station 102. However, it should be noted that in some examples, Figure 8 The communication 800 can provide time and frequency synchronization between UE 104 and base station 102.

[0107] At the second communication 802, base station 102 may optionally send synchronization configuration information to UE 104. For example, the synchronization configuration information may provide UE 104 with an indication that a reference signal (e.g., a tracking reference signal (TRS) or any other suitable reference signal shown in the third communication 810) will be transmitted after LP-WUS, providing UE 104 with a basis for frequency and / or time synchronization with base station 102. The configuration information may include information associated with the reference signal, such as one or more of the following: the type of reference signal, the time and / or frequency resources through which the reference signal will be transmitted, the number of ports used for transmission, the scrambling ID, the code division multiplexing type (e.g., CDM) used for the transmission of the reference signal, and any other suitable information. In some examples, the configuration information may indicate the time duration between the transmission of LP-WUS at the second communication 806 and the transmission of the reference signal at the third communication 810, as described in more detail below. The time duration may be the maximum amount of time that UE 104 can use to power on or wake up its main radio components. The configuration information can also indicate that UE 104 can expect base station 102 to send a reference signal for third communication 810 before the future downlink transmission indicated by LP-WUS.

[0108] At the first procedure 804, UE 104 may shut down its main radio unit or put its main radio unit into a low-power sleep mode. In some examples, UE 104 may perform the first procedure 804 as part of a power-saving procedure and / or based on the fact that UE 104 does not expect to receive downlink communication (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH) from base station 102. It should be noted that instances may occur where the UE's LP-WUR remains powered to receive signaling or detect signals transmitted from base station 102.

[0109] At the second communication 806, base station 102 may send an LP-WUS to UE 104, wherein the LP-WUS is configured to notify the UE of future downlink transmissions. UE 104 may receive the LP-WUS via its LP-WUS. In some examples, the LP-WUS is an OOK waveform. In some examples, the LP-WUS may include control bits configured to provide the UE 104 with an indication of a reference signal to be transmitted after the LP-WUS in the third communication 810. For example, the control bits may include the same information described above with reference to the configuration information of the first communication 802. In another example, the control bits may indicate an index value associated with a reference signal configuration. In this example, the configuration information of the first communication 802 may include a lookup table with multiple different reference signal configurations, each reference signal configuration being identified by an integer index value.

[0110] Receiving LP-WUS can trigger UE 104 to power on or wake up the main radio unit at the second procedure 808. It should be noted that transitioning the main radio unit from a sleep or power-off state to a functionally awake or powered-on state may not be instantaneous, but may take some time. As discussed above, UE 104 can be notified of the time elapsed between the transmission of LP-WUS at the second communication 806 and the transmission of the reference signal at the third communication 810, allowing UE 104 to promptly initiate the state transition of the main radio unit to receive the reference signal via the main radio unit at the third communication 810.

[0111] At the third communication 810, the base station may send a reference signal to the UE 104. The reference signal may be sent between the second communication 806 and the third communication 810 after a time elapsed since the UE 104 is powered on or wakes up its main radio component. Here, the UE 104 may receive the reference signal via its main radio component. At the third process 812, the UE 104 may perform one or more of the frequency synchronization and / or time synchronization described above with the base station 102 based on the received reference signal.

[0112] At the fourth communication 814, base station 102 can send downlink communications to UE 104, and UE 104 can receive downlink communications via the main radio component. In some examples, the downlink communications are indicated by LP-WUS of the second communication 806.

[0113] Therefore, in these examples, UE 104 can keep its main radio component in a low-power state until it receives LP-WUS from base station 102 via UE's LP-WUR, thereby maximizing the amount of time that reduces the power consumed by the main radio component. Furthermore, by separating the transmission of LP-WUS of the second communication 806 and the reference signal of the third communication 810 into two separate communications, time is provided to UE 104 to synchronize one or more of its timing and / or frequency with base station 102, in order to ensure that the downlink transmission of the fourth communication 814 is correctly received.

[0114] Figure 9 It is a composite diagram including a call flowchart and an example timing diagram 950, which illustrates example communication 900 between UE 104 and network entity or base station 102, and the example timing diagram illustrates aspects of example communication 900.

[0115] At the second communication 902, base station 102 may optionally send configuration information to UE 104. The configuration information may indicate the time and / or frequency resources used by base station 102 to send OOK-RS (e.g., LP-WUS) to UE 104. In some examples, the first communication 902 may not be necessary if UE 104 has been previously configured with information by another base station or has been pre-configured during production.

[0116] At the first procedure 904, UE 104 may shut down its main radio component or place its main radio component into a low-power sleep mode. In some examples, UE 104 may perform the first procedure 904 as part of a power-saving procedure and / or based on the fact that UE 104 does not expect to receive downlink communication (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH) from base station 102. It should be noted that instances may occur where the UE's LP-WUR remains powered to receive signaling or detect signals transmitted from base station 102.

[0117] At the second communication 906, base station 102 may send an LP-WUS to UE 104, wherein the LP-WUS is an OOK waveform and is configured to notify the UE of future downlink transmissions. UE 104 may receive the LP-WUS via its LP-WUS. In some examples, the LP-WUS may include a control bit configured to notify UE 104 to use a reference signal transmitted by base station 102 and received via the UE's main radio component to synchronize its timing and / or frequency with base station 102. In some examples, the LP-WUS may also be configured to notify UE 104 to avoid monitoring downlink signals (e.g., PDCCH) until UE 104 has synchronized its timing and / or frequency using the reference signal received via the UE's main radio component.

[0118] Receiving LP-WUS can trigger UE 104 to power on or wake up the main radio component at the second process 908. It should be noted that transitioning the main radio component from a sleep or power-off state to a functional wake-up or power-on state may not be instantaneous but may take some time. For example, as shown, after UE 104 initiates powering on or waking up the main radio component but before the main radio component is fully powered and / or operational, base station 102 may transmit a first SSB or SSB burst in the third transmission 910. Therefore, UE 104 may ignore the first SSB or SSB burst because the main radio component may not be fully operational to receive such signaling (when the first SSB is transmitted, the main radio component may still be transitioning from a power-off or sleep mode to a powered-up and wake-up mode).

[0119] At the first event 912, the main radio component of UE 104 may become active and be able to receive downlink signaling from base station 102. Here, a time window 952 may exist between the time when the main radio component transitions from a power-off or sleep / low-power mode 951 to an active, powered-on or woken-up mode and another time when the second SSB is transmitted. During this time window 952, UE 104 may not expect to receive downlink signaling indicated by the LP-WUS of the second communication 906. Instead, UE 104 may monitor the reference signal transmitted by base station 102 before monitoring the PDSCH / PDCCH. Therefore, UE 104 may avoid monitoring the PDSCH / PDCCH until after it receives the reference signaling.

[0120] At the fourth communication 914, base station 102 may transmit a second SSB or SSB burst. At this point in time, the main radio component of UE 104 is fully functional to receive the second SSB or SSB burst. Therefore, upon receiving the SSB, UE 104 may measure the SSB to estimate the time and / or frequency offset between UE 104 and base station 102, in order to synchronize the timing and / or frequency of UE 104 with the timing and / or frequency of base station 102. Furthermore, upon receiving the second SSB or SSB burst from the fourth communication 914, UE 104 may begin monitoring the PDSCH / PDCCH indicated by the LP-WUS of the second communication at the third process 916.

[0121] Therefore, in these examples, UE 104 can keep its primary radio components in a low-power state until it receives the LP-WUS from base station 102 via the UE's LP-WUR, thereby maximizing the amount of time that reduces the power consumed by the primary radio components. Furthermore, because UE 104 does not expect to receive downlink signaling (PDSCH / PDCCH) indicated by the LP-WUS until it receives a reference signal to be transmitted via one or more of its synchronization frequencies and / or timings, coherent communication between UE 104 and base station 102 is improved.

[0122] Figure 10 It is a composite diagram including a call flowchart and an example timing diagram 1050, which illustrates example communication 1000 between UE 104 and network entity or base station 102, and the example timing diagram illustrates aspects of example communication 1000.

[0123] At the second communication 1002, base station 102 may optionally send configuration information to UE 104. The configuration information may indicate the time and / or frequency resources used by base station 102 to send OOK-RS (e.g., LP-WUS) to UE 104. The configuration information may also indicate how long UE 104 should power on or wake up its primary radio to receive reference signals for timing and / or frequency synchronization sent by base station 102. The configuration information may also indicate the time duration between the transmission of LP-WUS and the transmission of downlink communication indicated by LP-WUS. This time duration may be configured to provide UE 104 with an indication of how long UE 104 must power on or wake up its primary radio. In some examples, the first communication 1002 may not be necessary if UE 104 has been previously configured with information by another base station or pre-configured during production. In some examples, UE 104 may determine how long to turn on or wake up its main radio unit to receive reference signals for timing and / or frequency synchronization based on the magnitude of the frequency and / or timing offset between UE 104 and base station 102 or any other suitable metric.

[0124] At the first process 1004, UE 104 may periodically cycle its main radio component on and off (or cycle from sleep mode to wake-up mode) to match the periodicity of SSB and / or SSB burst transmissions from base station 102. Here, UE 104 may power on its main radio component before an SSB transmission (e.g., second communication 1006), allowing the main radio component to complete its transition 1051 from low power or power-off to wake-up or power-on in time to receive the SSB when it is transmitted. UE 104 may then power off or put the main radio component into sleep mode until the next SSB. In some examples, UE 104 may cycle the main radio component power / mode once every two or more SSBs. In this example, UE 104 may cycle every x Each SSB transmits a cycle of master radio component power / mode once to conserve power.

[0125] At the second process 1008, UE 104 may synchronize its timing and / or frequency with base station 102 based on the received SSB (e.g., the reference signal received at the second communication 1006). Thus, UE 104 may periodically update / correct its timing and / or frequency (e.g., at the same rate as the rate at which base station 102 transmits SSBs, or at a less frequent rate) so that when UE 104 receives LP-WUS, UE 104's timing and frequency are synchronized with base station 102.

[0126] At the third communication 1010, base station 102 may send an LP-WUS to UE 104. UE 104 may receive the LP-WUS via its LP-WUS. Here, if the primary radio component is already in wake-up mode or powered on, UE 104 may avoid powering off or putting the primary radio component into sleep mode. Instead, the primary radio component may remain on, and UE 104 may begin monitoring downlink communications (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH) indicated by the LP-WUS. If base station 102 sends an SSB before downlink communications, UE 104 may use the primary radio component to receive the SSB and then perform timing and / or frequency synchronization based on the received SSB before receiving downlink communications.

[0127] At the third optional procedure 1012, if UE 104 receives LP-WUS while the primary radio component is off, UE 104 may power on or wake up the primary radio component in response to receiving LP-WUS. Once the primary radio component is ready to receive downlink communication, UE 104 may use it at the fourth procedure 1014 to monitor downlink communication. Therefore, in these examples, UE 104 may continuously use the primary radio component to synchronize one or more of the frequency and / or timing, making UE 104 ready to receive downlink communication.

[0128] Figure 11 This is a flowchart 1100 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104; device 1402). Specifically, the method can be performed by one or more processors, memories, and wireless communication circuitry (e.g., controller / processor 359, memory 360, antenna 352, Rx processor 356, Tx processor 368, etc.). The method can be performed using a combination of... Figure 12 and Figure 13 To perform the action, describe one or more additional aspects.

[0129] At 1102, the UE may optionally receive, via a second radio component, an indication from the network entity of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving a periodic reference signal. For example, 1102 may be performed by the receiving component 1440. Here, the network entity 102 may send an indication of time and / or frequency resources used by the network entity to transmit OOK-RS to the UE 104.

[0130] At 1104, the UE may optionally receive a periodic reference signal via the first radio component and prior to receiving the LP-WUS. For example, 1102 may be performed by the receiving component 1440. Here, the UE 104 may synchronize the timing of the primary radio component with the timing used for transmission by the network entity based on OOK RS (e.g., LP-SS or LP-WUS).

[0131] At 1106, the UE may optionally synchronize the timing of its second radio component with that of the network entity based on a periodic reference signal before receiving LP-WUS. For example, 1106 may be performed by synchronization component 1442. Here, network entity 102 may use an OOK waveform to periodically transmit a reference signal (e.g., LP-SS), and UE 104 may receive / detect the OOK waveform and use it to synchronize its timing with that of network entity 102.

[0132] At 1108, the UE may optionally receive the signal amplitude indicating the synchronization signal block (SSB) via a first radio component and prior to receiving the LP-WUS. For example, 1108 may be performed by the receiving component 1440. UE 104 may use a low-power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR) to receive the OOK waveform signal transmitted by network entity 102. However, in some examples, UE 104 may also use the LP-WUR to detect SSB transmission. Here, the LP-WUR detects the signal amplitude associated with the SSB transmission, and UE 104 may use this signal amplitude to adjust its timing as necessary.

[0133] At 1110, the UE may optionally synchronize its timing with that of the network entity based on the time of detecting the signal amplitude before receiving LP-WUS. For example, 1110 may be performed by synchronization component 1442. Here, UE 104 may use the detection of the signal amplitude associated with SSB transmission (or other OFDM reference signal) to adjust its timing.

[0134] At 1112, the UE can receive a Low Power Wake-up Signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via a first radio component. For example, 1112 can be performed by the receiving component 1440. Here, network entity 102 can transmit the LP-WUS signal via an OOK waveform. The LP-WUS can be an indication from network entity 102 that it has downlink data to send to UE 104. UE 104 can receive the LP-WUS via the LP-WUS. In response to the LP-WUS, UE 104 can power on or wake up its primary radio component (e.g., an OFDM radio component) to receive downlink data via that primary radio component.

[0135] At 1116, the UE may optionally monitor the downlink channel for downlink communication via a second radio component after receiving at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal. For example, 1116 may be performed by monitoring component 1446. Here, UE 104 may not expect to receive downlink communication from network entity 102 until it receives the reference signal from network entity 102. Once the reference signal is received, UE 104 can synchronize one or more of its timing and / or frequency with network entity 102, and then UE 104 can begin using the primary radio component to monitor downlink communication from network entity 102.

[0136] At 1118, the UE can receive downlink communication via a second radio component after receiving the LP-WUS. For example, 1118 can be performed by the receiving component 1440. As discussed, the LP-WUS can be an OOK modulated signal received by UE 104 via the LP-WUS. The LP-WUS can be used by a network entity to indicate that it has downlink data to send to UE 104. In some examples, UE 104 can power on the main radio component in response to the LP-WUS, allowing UE 104 to receive downlink data via the main radio component.

[0137] In some respects, the main radio component may include a radio component capable of receiving and decoding OFDM signals, while the LP-WUR may be capable of receiving and decoding OOK modulated waveforms but not of receiving and decoding OFDM signals.

[0138] In some respects, LP-WUS is an on-off keyed (OOK) modulated waveform.

[0139] In some respects, downlink communication is OFDM modulated waveform.

[0140] In some respects, the primary second radio component is in a low-power state before receiving LP-WUS.

[0141] In some respects, LP-WUS is received from the network entity, and where LP-WUS is another reference signal characterized by an on / off keying (OOK) modulated waveform.

[0142] In some respects, the dedicated reference signal is a tracking reference signal (TRS), and wherein the LP-WUS includes at least one of the following: (i) an indication of one or more communication parameters associated with the TRS, or (ii) an indication of the time duration between the receipt of the LP-WUS and the receipt of the TRS.

[0143] In some respects, the periodic reference signal is a synchronization signal block (SSB) or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the LP-WUS includes at least one of the following: (i) an indication of one or more communication parameters associated with the periodic reference signal, or (ii) an indication of the time duration between the receipt of the LP-WUS and the receipt of the periodic reference signal.

[0144] In some respects, a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal is received via a first receiving beam, and wherein LP-WUS is received via the first receiving beam.

[0145] In some respects, the first beam is used to receive the SSB via the first radio component, and the first beam is used to receive the LP-WUS via the first radio component.

[0146] Figure 12 This is a flowchart 1200 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104; device 1402). Specifically, the method can be performed by one or more processors, memories, and wireless communication circuitry (e.g., controller / processor 359, memory 360, antenna 352, Rx processor 356, Tx processor 368, etc.). The method can be performed using a combination of... Figure 11 and Figure 13 To perform the action, describe one or more additional aspects.

[0147] At 1202, the UE may optionally cycle the power of the second radio component at one or more intervals consistent with the periodicity associated with the reception of the reference signal. For example, 1202 may be performed by the cycling component 1444. Here, the UE 104 may cycle the power (on / off) and / or mode (sleep / wake-up) of the primary radio component, enabling the UE 104 to receive OFDM reference signals (e.g., TRS, SSB, etc.) transmitted by the network entity via the primary radio component. Once the reference signal is received, the UE 104 may power off or return the primary radio component to a low-power state. The UE 104 may then power on the primary radio component again to receive another reference signal in the future. The UE 104 may synchronize its timing and / or frequency with the network entity 102 based on the received OFDM reference signal.

[0148] At 1204, the UE may optionally receive a reference signal periodically from the network entity and via a second radio component, wherein the reference signal is configured to provide a basis for the UE to: (i) synchronize the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication, or (ii) synchronize the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication. Here, UE 104 may synchronize its primary radio component with network entity 102 based on the periodic reference signal, the power of which is cyclically used to receive the periodic reference signal.

[0149] Figure 13 This is a flowchart 1300 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104; device 1402). Specifically, the method can be performed by one or more processors, memories, and wireless communication circuitry (e.g., controller / processor 359, memory 360, antenna 352, Rx processor 356, Tx processor 368, etc.). The method can be performed using a combination of... Figure 11 and Figure 12 To perform the action, describe one or more additional aspects.

[0150] At 1302, the UE may optionally power on or put the second radio component into a wake-up state after receiving the LP-WUS. For example, 1302 may be performed by the power supply component 1448. Here, the UE 104 may receive an OOK modulated signal via its LP-WUS, and in response, the UE 104 may power on the main radio component to receive a dedicated (e.g., TRS) or periodic (e.g., SSB) OFDM modulated reference signal in the future.

[0151] At 1304, the UE may optionally receive at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal via a second radio component before receiving downlink communication, wherein the dedicated reference signal and the periodic reference signal are configured to provide a basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) synchronize the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication; or (ii) synchronize the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication. Here, network entity 102 may send the dedicated reference signal to UE 104 after sending LP-WUS to UE 104, such that UE 104 can use the dedicated reference signal to synchronize its timing and / or frequency, one or more of them, with network entity 102.

[0152] Figure 14 Figure 1400 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation of device 1402. Device 1402 is a UE and includes a cellular baseband processor 1404 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more cellular RF transceivers 1422 and one or more subscriber identity module (SIM) cards 1420, an application processor 1406 coupled to a secure digital card (SD) card 1408 and a screen 1410, a Bluetooth module 1412, a wireless local area network (WLAN) module 1414, a global positioning system (GPS) module 1416, and a power source 1418. The cellular baseband processor 1404 communicates with UE 104 and / or BS 102 / 180 via one or more cellular RF transceivers 1422. The cellular baseband processor 1404 may include computer-readable media / memory. The computer-readable media / memory may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor 1404 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. When executed by the cellular baseband processor 1404, the software causes the cellular baseband processor 1404 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1404 during software execution. The cellular baseband processor 1404 also includes a receiving component 1430, a communication manager 1432, and a transmitting component 1434. The communication manager 1432 includes one or more of the illustrated components. The components within the communication manager 1432 may be stored in a computer-readable medium / memory and / or configured as hardware within the cellular baseband processor 1404. The cellular baseband processor 1404 may be a component of the UE 104 and may include memory 360 and / or at least one of TX processor 368, RX processor 356, and controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1402 may be a modem chip and include only the baseband processor 1404, and in another configuration, the device 1402 may be the entire UE (e.g., see...). Figure 3UE104) and includes the additional modules previously discussed for device 1402. In various examples, device 1402 may be a chip, SoC, chipset, package, or device, which may include: one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) modem or a cellular modem (such as a 3GPP 4G LTE or 5G compatible modem)); one or more processors, processing blocks, or processing elements (collectively, “processors”); one or more radio components (collectively, “radio components”); and one or more memories or storage blocks (collectively, “memory”).

[0153] The communication manager 1432 includes a receiving component 1440 configured to: receive, via a second radio component, an indication from a network entity of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving a periodic reference signal; receive the periodic reference signal via the first radio component and before receiving the LP-WUS; receive, via the first radio component and before receiving the LP-WUS, a signal amplitude indicating a synchronization signal block (SSB); receive, via the first radio component, a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication; receive downlink communication via the second radio component after receiving the LP-WUS; and, according to the periodicity, receive a reference signal from the network entity and via the second radio component, wherein the reference signal is configured to provide... The basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) synchronizing the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication, or (ii) synchronizing the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication; and receiving at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal via the second radio component before receiving downlink communication, wherein the dedicated reference signal and the periodic reference signal are configured to provide the basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) synchronizing the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication; or (ii) synchronizing the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication; for example, as in combination Figures 11 to 13 The numbers 1102, 1104, 1108, 1112, 1118, 1204, and 1304 describe this.

[0154] Communication manager 1432 also includes synchronization component 1442, which is configured to: synchronize the timing of the second radio component with the timing of the network entity based on a periodic reference signal before receiving LP-WUS; and synchronize the timing of the UE with the timing of the network entity based on the time of the received signal amplitude before receiving LP-WUS; for example, as in combination Figure 11 As described in 1106 and 1110.

[0155] The communication manager 1432 also includes a cyclic component 1444 configured to cycle the power of the second radio component at one or more intervals consistent with the periodicity associated with the reception of the reference signal, for example, as in combination Figure 12 As described in 1202.

[0156] The communication manager 1432 also includes a monitoring component 1446 configured to monitor the downlink channel for downlink communication via a second radio component after receiving at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal, for example, as in combination with Figure 11 As described in 1116.

[0157] The communication manager 1432 also includes a power supply component 1448 configured to power on or wake up the second radio component upon receiving LP-WUS, for example, as in combination with Figure 13 As described in 1302.

[0158] The device may include execution Figures 11 to 13 The aforementioned flowchart contains additional components for each box in the algorithm's boxes. Therefore, each box in the aforementioned flowchart can be executed by a component, and the apparatus may include one or more of these components. These components may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

[0159] In one configuration, apparatus 1402, and particularly cellular baseband processor 1404, includes: means for receiving from a network entity via a second radio component an indication of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving a periodic reference signal; means for receiving the periodic reference signal via a first radio component and before receiving LP-WUS; means for synchronizing the timing of the second radio component with the timing of the network entity based on the periodic reference signal before receiving LP-WUS; means for receiving, via the first radio component and before receiving LP-WUS, a signal amplitude indicating a synchronization signal block (SSB); means for synchronizing the timing of the UE with the timing of the network entity based on the time of receiving the signal amplitude before receiving LP-WUS; means for receiving a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via the first radio component; means for monitoring a downlink channel for downlink communication via the second radio component after receiving at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal; means for receiving downlink communication via the second radio component after receiving LP-WUS; and means for... The components include: a component for cycling the power of the second radio component at one or more periodic intervals associated with the reception of a reference signal; a component for receiving the reference signal periodically from a network entity and via the second radio component, wherein the reference signal is configured to provide a basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) synchronizing the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication, or (ii) synchronizing the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication; a component for powering on the second radio component or putting the second radio component into a wake-up state after receiving LP-WUS; and a component for receiving at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal via the second radio component before receiving downlink communication, wherein the dedicated reference signal and the periodic reference signal are configured to provide a basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) synchronizing the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication; or (ii) synchronizing the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before receiving downlink communication.

[0160] The aforementioned components may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the device 1402 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, the device 1402 may include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Therefore, in one configuration, the aforementioned components may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0161] The components for receiving or obtaining may include Figure 3 The receiver (such as the receiver processor 356) and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 illustrated herein. Components for transmitting or for output may include... Figure 3 The transmitter (such as transmit processor 368) or antenna 352 of UE 104 illustrated herein. Components for synchronization, for looping, for monitoring, and for power supply may include: a processing system (which may include one or more processors, such as controller / processor 359 and memory 360), components for receiving, and / or one or more aspects of components for transmitting. Figure 3 Any other suitable hardware components of the illustrated UE 104.

[0162] In some cases, a device may have an interface (output component) for outputting frames for transmission, rather than actually transmitting frames. For example, a processor may output frames to a radio frequency (RF) front end for transmission via a bus interface. Similarly, a device may have an interface (acquisition component) for receiving frames from another device, rather than actually receiving frames. For example, a processor may acquire (or receive) frames from an RF front end for receiving via a bus interface.

[0163] Figure 15 This is a flowchart 1500 of a wireless communication method. The method can be executed by a network entity (e.g., base station / network entity 102; device 1602). Specifically, the method can be executed by one or more processors, memories, and wireless communication circuitry systems (e.g., controller / processor 375, memory 376, antenna 320, Rx processor 370, Tx processor 316, etc.).

[0164] At 1502, network entity 102 may optionally send an indication of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving LP-WUS. For example, 1502 may be performed by transmission component 1640. Here, network entity 102 may send an indication of time and / or frequency resources used by network entity 102 to transmit OOK-RS to UE 104.

[0165] At point 1504, network entity 102 may send a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication. For example, 1504 may be performed by transmitting component 1640. Here, network entity 102 may send an LP-WUS signal that informs UE 104 that network entity 102 has downlink data ready to be transmitted to it. The LP-WUS signal may be a low-power OOK modulated signal.

[0166] At point 1506, network entity 102 may send downlink communication after sending LP-WUS. For example, 1506 may be performed by transmission component 1640. Here, network entity 102 may send downlink communication to UE 104 after sending LP-WUS.

[0167] In some respects, at least one of the following is true: LP-WUS is an on-off keyed (OOK) modulated waveform; or LP-WUS is transmitted as part of a periodic LP-WUS transmission.

[0168] In some respects, downlink communication is OFDM modulated waveform.

[0169] Figure 16 Figure 1600 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation of device 1602. Device 1602 is a network entity / base station and includes a baseband unit 1604. Baseband unit 1604 can communicate with UE 104 via one or more cellular RF transceivers. Baseband unit 1604 may include computer-readable medium / memory. Baseband unit 1604 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by baseband unit 1604, causes baseband unit 1604 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by baseband unit 1604 when executing the software. Baseband unit 1604 also includes a receiving component 1630, a communication manager 1632, and a transmitting component 1634. Communication manager 1632 includes one or more of the illustrated components. Components within communication manager 1632 may be stored in computer-readable medium / memory and / or configured as hardware within baseband unit 1604. The baseband unit 1604 may be a component of BS 102 / 180 and may include memory 376, and / or at least one of TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375. In various examples, device 1602 may be a chip, SoC, chipset, package, or device, which may include: one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) modem or a cellular modem (such as a 3GPP 4G LTE or 5G compatible modem)); one or more processors, processing blocks, or processing elements (collectively, “processors”); one or more radio components (collectively, “radio components”); and one or more memories or storage blocks (collectively, “memory”).

[0170] Communication manager 1632 includes a transmitting component 1640 configured to: transmit an indication of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving LP-WUS; transmit a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication; and transmit downlink communication after transmitting LP-WUS; for example, as in combination Figure 15 As described in 1502, 1504 and 1506.

[0171] The apparatus may include execution Figure 15 The aforementioned flowchart contains additional components for each box in the algorithm's boxes. Therefore, each box in the aforementioned flowchart can be executed by a component, and the apparatus may include one or more of these components. These components may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

[0172] In one configuration, device 1602, and particularly baseband unit 1604, includes: components for transmitting an indication of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving LP-WUS; components for transmitting a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication; and components for transmitting downlink communication after transmitting LP-WUS. The aforementioned components may be one or more of the aforementioned components of device 1602 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, device 1602 may include a Tx processor 316, an Rx processor 370, and a controller / processor 375. Therefore, in one configuration, the aforementioned components may be the Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions described therein. In one example, the components for transmitting or for output may include the Tx processor 316 and the processor / controller 375.

[0173] Additional Notes

[0174] In some cases, a device may have an interface (output component) for outputting frames for transmission, rather than actually transmitting frames. For example, a processor may output frames to a radio frequency (RF) front end for transmission via a bus interface. Similarly, a device may have an interface (acquisition component) for receiving frames from another device, rather than actually receiving frames. For example, a processor may acquire (or receive) frames from an RF front end for receiving via a bus interface.

[0175] As used herein, the terms “cycling” and / or “powering” can encompass a wide variety of actions associated with adjusting or controlling the operating mode or power state of one or more hardware components. For example, “cycling” and / or “powering” can include switching power from on to off and back to on, or changing the operating state from sleep mode to wake-up mode.

[0176] As used herein, a processor configured to perform or be operable to perform a plurality of actions, at least one processor, and / or one or more processors (alone or in combination) are intended to include at least two different processors capable of performing different subsets, overlapping subsets, or non-overlapping subsets of the plurality of actions, or a single processor capable of performing all of the plurality of actions. In a non-limiting example of a plurality of processors capable of performing different combinations of the plurality of actions, the description of a processor configured to perform or be operable to perform actions X, Y, and Z, at least one processor, and / or one or more processors may include at least a first processor configured to perform or be operable to perform a first subset of X, Y, and Z (e.g., performing X) and at least a second processor configured to perform or be operable to perform a second subset of X, Y, and Z (e.g., performing Y and Z). Alternatively, the first, second, and third processors may be configured to perform corresponding actions in actions X, Y, and Z, respectively. It should be understood that any combination of one or more processors may each be configured to perform or be operable to perform any one of the plurality of actions or any combination of the plurality of actions.

[0177] As used herein, a memory, at least one memory, and / or one or more memories (individually or in combination) configured to store or have thereon instructions executable by one or more processors for performing multiple actions are intended to include at least two different memories capable of storing different subsets, overlapping subsets, or non-overlapping subsets of instructions for performing the multiple actions, or a single memory capable of storing instructions for performing all of the multiple actions. In a non-limiting example of one or more memories (alone or in combination) capable of storing different subsets of instructions for performing different actions among the plurality of actions, the description of a memory configured or operable to store or thereon instructions for performing actions X, Y, and Z, at least one memory, and / or one or more memories may include at least a first memory configured or operable to store or thereon instructions for performing a first subset of X, Y, and Z (e.g., instructions for performing X), and at least a second memory configured or operable to store or thereon instructions for performing a second subset of X, Y, and Z (e.g., instructions for performing Y and Z). Alternatively, the first, second, and third memories may be configured to store or thereon a corresponding one of the first subset of instructions for performing X, the second subset of instructions for performing Y, and the third subset of instructions for performing Z. It should be understood that any combination of one or more memories may be configured or operable to store or have thereon any instruction or any combination of instructions executable by one or more processors to perform any of a plurality of actions or any combination of such actions. Furthermore, one or more processors may each be coupled to at least one of the one or more memories and configured or operable to execute instructions to perform the plurality of actions. For example, in the above non-limiting example of different subsets of instructions for performing actions X, Y, and Z, a first processor may be coupled to a first memory storing instructions for performing action X, at least a second processor may be coupled to at least a second memory storing instructions for performing actions Y and Z, and the first and second processors may combine to execute the respective subsets of instructions to complete the execution of actions X, Y, and Z. Alternatively, three processors may access one of three different memories, each storing instructions for performing action X, Y, or Z, and the three processors may combine to execute the respective subsets of instructions to complete the execution of actions X, Y, and Z. Alternatively, a single processor may execute instructions stored in a single memory or distributed across multiple memories to complete the execution of actions X, Y, and Z.

[0178] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowcharts is merely an example of an exemplary approach. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowcharts can be rearranged based on design preferences. Furthermore, some boxes can be combined or omitted. The appended method claims provide elements of various boxes in a sample order, but this does not imply limitation to the given specific order or hierarchy.

[0179] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be consistent with the full scope of the language claims, wherein elements referred to in the singular are not intended to mean “one and only one,” but rather “one or more” unless specifically stated otherwise. Terms such as “if,” “when,” and “while” should be interpreted as “in the circumstances of,” rather than implying an immediate temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as “when,” do not imply an immediate action in response to or during the occurrence of an action, but simply suggest that if a condition is met, then the action will occur, without requiring a specific or immediate time limit for the occurrence of the action. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” means one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, which may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, wherein any such combination may include one or more members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described in this disclosure that are known to those skilled in the art or will be known later are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims. Terms such as “module,” “mechanism,” “element,” and “device” cannot replace the term “component.” Therefore, no claim element will be interpreted as a functional component unless the element is explicitly stated using the phrase “component for…”.

[0180] Example

[0181] The following embodiments are merely illustrative and may be combined with other embodiments or aspects of the teachings described herein, but are not limited thereto.

[0182] Example 1 is a method for wireless communication at a wireless node, the method comprising: obtaining a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via a first radio component; and obtaining the downlink communication via a second radio component after obtaining the LP-WUS.

[0183] Example 2 is the method according to Example 1, wherein the LP-WUS is an on / off keying (OOK) modulated waveform.

[0184] Example 3 is the method according to any one of Examples 1 and 2, wherein the downlink communication is an OFDM modulated waveform.

[0185] Example 4 is a method according to any one of Examples 1 to 3, wherein the second radio component is in a low-power state before obtaining the LP-WUS, and wherein the method further includes: obtaining a periodic reference signal via the first radio component and before obtaining the LP-WUS; and synchronizing the timing of the second radio component with the timing of a network entity based on the periodic reference signal before obtaining the LP-WUS.

[0186] Example 5 is the method according to Example 4, wherein the LP-WUS is obtained from the network entity, and wherein the LP-WUS is another reference signal characterized by an on / off keying (OOK) modulated waveform.

[0187] Example 6 is a method according to any one of Examples 4 and 5, wherein the method further includes: obtaining from the network entity via the second radio component an indication of at least one of time resources or frequency resources for obtaining the periodic reference signal.

[0188] Example 7 is a method according to any one of Examples 1 to 6, wherein the second radio component is in a low-power state before obtaining the LP-WUS, and wherein the method further includes: after obtaining the LP-WUS, energizing the second radio component or placing the second radio component in a wake-up state; and before obtaining the downlink communication, obtaining at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal via the second radio component, wherein the dedicated reference signal and the periodic reference signal are configured to provide a basis for the wireless node to perform the following operations: (i) synchronizing the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before obtaining the downlink communication, or (ii) synchronizing the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before obtaining the downlink communication.

[0189] Example 8 is the method according to Example 7, wherein the dedicated reference signal is a tracking reference signal (TRS), and wherein the LP-WUS includes at least one of the following: (i) an indication of one or more communication parameters associated with the TRS, or (ii) an indication of the time duration between obtaining the LP-WUS and obtaining the TRS.

[0190] Example 9 is the method according to any one of Examples 7 and 8, wherein the periodic reference signal is a synchronization signal block (SSB) or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the LP-WUS includes at least one of the following: (i) an indication of one or more communication parameters associated with the periodic reference signal, or (ii) an indication of the time duration between obtaining the LP-WUS and obtaining the periodic reference signal.

[0191] Example 10 is a method according to any one of Examples 7 to 9, wherein the dedicated reference signal or the periodic reference signal is obtained via a first receiving beam, and wherein the LP-WUS is obtained via the first receiving beam.

[0192] Example 11 is a method according to any one of Examples 7 to 10, wherein the method further includes: after obtaining at least one of the dedicated reference signal or the periodic reference signal, monitoring the downlink channel for the downlink communication via the second radio component.

[0193] Example 12 is a method according to any one of Examples 1 to 11, wherein the method further includes: cycling the power of the second radio component at one or more intervals consistent with the periodicity associated with the reception of the reference signal.

[0194] Example 13 is the method according to Example 12, wherein the method further includes: obtaining the reference signal from a network entity and via the second radio component according to the periodicity, wherein the reference signal is configured to provide a basis for the wireless node to perform the following operations: (i) synchronizing the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication before obtaining the downlink communication, or (ii) synchronizing the timing and frequency of the second radio component with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication before obtaining the downlink communication.

[0195] Example 14 is a method according to any one of Examples 1 to 13, wherein the second radio component is in a low-power state before obtaining the LP-WUS, and wherein the method further includes: obtaining the signal amplitude of an indication synchronization signal block (SSB) via the first radio component and before obtaining the LP-WUS; and synchronizing the timing of the wireless node with the timing of the network entity based on the time of obtaining the signal amplitude before obtaining the LP-WUS.

[0196] Example 15 is the method according to Example 14, wherein the SSB is obtained using a first beam via the first radio component, and wherein the LP-WUS is obtained using the first beam via the first radio component.

[0197] Example 16 is a method for wireless communication at a wireless node, the method comprising: Output a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication; and after sending the LP-WUS, output the downlink communication.

[0198] Example 17 is the method according to Example 16, wherein at least one of the following is true: the LP-WUS is an on / off keying (OOK) modulated waveform; or the LP-WUS is output as part of a periodic LP-WUS transmission for transmission.

[0199] Example 18 is a method according to any one of Examples 16 and 17, wherein the downlink communication is an OFDM modulated waveform.

[0200] Example 19 is the method according to Example 18, wherein the method further includes: outputting an indication for transmission for obtaining at least one of the time resources or frequency resources of the LP-WUS.

[0201] Example 20 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus including components for performing the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 15.

[0202] Example 21 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus including components for performing the method according to any one of Examples 16 to 19.

[0203] Example 22 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a wireless node, cause the wireless node to perform the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 15.

[0204] Example 23 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a wireless node, cause the wireless node to perform the method according to any one of Examples 16 to 19.

[0205] Example 24 is a wireless node for wireless communication, the wireless node comprising: a first radio component; a second radio component, the second radio component consuming more power than the first radio component; one or more memories having instructions individually or in combination; and one or more processors configured individually or in combination to execute the instructions and cause the device to perform the method according to any one of Examples 1 to 15.

[0206] Example 25 is a wireless communication device comprising: one or more memories having instructions individually or in combination; and one or more processors configured individually or in combination to execute the instructions and cause the device to perform the method according to any one of Examples 16 to 19.

[0207] Example 26 is a wireless node comprising: a first radio component; a second radio component, the second radio component consuming more power to operate than the first radio component; one or more memories having instructions individually or in combination; and one or more processors configured individually or in combination to execute the instructions and cause the wireless node to perform a method according to any one of Examples 1 to 16, wherein the first radio component is configured to receive the LP-WUS indicating the downlink communication, and wherein the second radio component is configured to receive the downlink communication after receiving the LP-WUS.

[0208] Example 27 is a wireless node comprising: one or more transceivers; one or more memories having instructions individually or in combination; and one or more processors configured individually or in combination to execute the instructions and cause the wireless node to perform the method according to any one of Examples 16 to 19, wherein the one or more transceivers are configured individually or in combination to: transmit the LP-WUS and transmit the downlink communication after transmitting the LP-WUS.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: First radio component; The second radio component consumes more power than the first radio component during operation; One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories individually or in combination have instructions; and One or more processors, individually or in combination, are configured to execute the instructions and cause the UE to: Receive a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication via the first radio component; and After receiving the LP-WUS, the downlink communication is received via the second radio component.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the LP-WUS is an on / off keying (OOK) modulated waveform.

3. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the downlink communication is an OFDM modulated waveform.

4. The UE of claim 1, wherein the second radio component is in a low-power state prior to receiving the LP-WUS, and wherein the one or more processors are individually or in combination further configured to cause the UE to: Receive a periodic reference signal via the first radio component and before receiving the LP-WUS; and Before receiving the LP-WUS, the timing of the second radio component is synchronized with the timing of the network entity based on the periodic reference signal.

5. The UE of claim 4, wherein the LP-WUS is received from the network entity, and wherein the LP-WUS is another reference signal characterized by an on / off keying (OOK) modulated waveform.

6. The UE of claim 4, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to cause the UE to: The network entity receives an instruction from the second radio component regarding at least one of time resources or frequency resources for receiving the periodic reference signal.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the second radio component is in a low-power state prior to receiving the LP-WUS, and wherein the one or more processors are individually or in combination further configured to cause the UE to: Upon receiving the LP-WUS, power on the second radio component or put the second radio component into a wake-up state; and Prior to receiving the downlink communication, at least one of a dedicated reference signal or a periodic reference signal is received via the second radio component, wherein the dedicated reference signal and the periodic reference signal are configured to provide a basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) Before receiving the downlink communication, synchronize the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication, or (ii) Before receiving the downlink communication, the timing and frequency of the second radio component are synchronized with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication.

8. The UE of claim 7, wherein the dedicated reference signal is a tracking reference signal (TRS), and wherein the LP-WUS comprises at least one of the following: (i) An indication of one or more communication parameters associated with the TRS, or (ii) An indication of the time elapsed between receiving the LP-WUS and receiving the TRS.

9. The UE of claim 7, wherein the periodic reference signal is a synchronization signal block (SSB) or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the LP-WUS includes at least one of the following: (i) An indication of one or more communication parameters associated with the periodic reference signal, or (ii) An indication of the time elapsed between receiving the LP-WUS and receiving the periodic reference signal.

10. The UE of claim 7, wherein the dedicated reference signal or the periodic reference signal is received via a first receiving beam, and wherein the LP-WUS is received via the first receiving beam.

11. The UE of claim 7, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to cause the UE to: After receiving at least one of the dedicated reference signal or the periodic reference signal, the downlink channel for the downlink communication is monitored via the second radio component.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to cause the UE to: The power of the second radio component is cyclically supplied at one or more intervals that correspond to the periodicity associated with the reception of the reference signal.

13. The UE of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to cause the UE to: According to the periodicity, the reference signal is received from the network entity and via the second radio component, wherein the reference signal is configured to provide a basis for the UE to perform the following operations: (i) Before receiving the downlink communication, synchronize the frequency of the second radio component with the frequency of the downlink communication, or (ii) Before receiving the downlink communication, the timing and frequency of the second radio component are synchronized with the timing and frequency of the downlink communication.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein the second radio component is in a low-power state prior to receiving the LP-WUS, and wherein the one or more processors are individually or in combination further configured to cause the UE to: Receive the signal amplitude indicating the synchronization signal block (SSB) via the first radio component and before receiving the LP-WUS; and Before receiving the LP-WUS, the timing of the UE is synchronized with the timing of the network entity based on the time it takes to receive the signal amplitude.

15. The UE of claim 14, wherein the SSB is received using the first beam via the first radio component, and wherein the LP-WUS is received using the first beam via the first radio component.

16. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories individually or in combination have instructions; and One or more processors, individually or in combination, are configured to execute the instructions and cause the device to: Output a low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) for transmission, the LP-WUS indicating downlink communication; and After outputting the LP-WUS, the downlink communication used for transmission is output.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein at least one of the following: The downlink communication is an OFDM modulated waveform; The LP-WUS is an on / off keyed (OOK) modulated waveform; or The LP-WUS is transmitted as part of a periodic LP-WUS transmission.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, individually or in combination, to cause the apparatus to: The output is used to send an indication of at least one of the time resources or frequency resources for receiving the LP-WUS.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising one or more transceivers, the one or more transceivers being configured individually or in combination to: Send the LP-WUS; and Sending the downlink communication, wherein the device is configured as a network entity.

20. A method for conducting wireless communication at a wireless node, the method comprising: A low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) indicating downlink communication is obtained via the first radio component. as well as After receiving the LP-WUS, the downlink communication is obtained via a second radio component.

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