Communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product. The method comprises: receiving a first paging message sent by at least one access network device, the first paging message comprising information indicating whether the first paging message is repeatedly sent; and determining whether to respond to the first paging message of the at least one access network device. In the method of the present disclosure, after receiving the first paging message, the terminal learns whether the first paging message is repeatedly sent according to the information in the first paging message, thereby determining whether to respond to the first paging message. This can effectively avoid the terminal repeatedly responding to the same paging message and effectively save device energy consumption.

Description

Communication methods, communication equipment, communication systems, storage media and software products Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the power consumption problem of traditional devices has become increasingly prominent. The development of IoT devices, such as Ambient Internet of Things (Ambient-IoT) or A-IoT devices, can improve this problem. A-IoT devices are IoT devices that support ambient power or obtain power from the environment. They can also be called passive devices. They can obtain power by collecting radio waves, light, motion, heat or any other suitable power source in the environment, and have lower complexity, cost and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The network side may repeatedly send paging messages to give different IoT devices the opportunity to access the network. Some IoT devices may respond repeatedly to the aforementioned repeatedly sent paging messages.

[0004] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a terminal, the method comprising:

[0006] Receive a first paging message sent by at least one access network device, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission;

[0007] Determine whether to respond to the first paging message from the at least one access network device.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by an access network device, the method comprising:

[0009] Receive first indication information sent by the core network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the paging terminal of the access network device;

[0010] A first paging message is sent to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

[0011] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a core network device, the method comprising:

[0012] Sending first indication information to at least one access network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the access network device to page a terminal, wherein the at least one access network device is used to send a first paging message to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

[0013] A communication device, wherein the communication device is used to perform the method described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0014] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system, including a terminal, access network equipment, and core network equipment, wherein...

[0015] The terminal is configured to implement the method as described in the first aspect;

[0016] The access network device is configured to implement the method as described in the second aspect;

[0017] The core network equipment is configured to implement the method described in the third aspect.

[0018] Sixthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions, wherein...

[0019] When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0020] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product, including at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program and instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the method described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0021] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, after receiving the first paging message, the terminal determines whether the first paging message is a duplicate based on the information in the first paging message, thereby determining whether to respond to the first paging message. This can effectively prevent the terminal from responding repeatedly to the same paging message and effectively save device energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1A is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figures 1B to 1F are schematic diagrams of the topology of a communication system provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 1G is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figures 1H to 1I are schematic diagrams of RFID applications in various scenarios;

[0027] Figures 2A and 2B are interactive schematic diagrams of the communication method according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figures 3A and 3B are interactive schematic diagrams of a communication method according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figures 4A to 4C are interactive schematic diagrams of the communication method according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the network device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0035] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a terminal, the method comprising:

[0036] Receive a first paging message sent by at least one access network device, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission;

[0037] Determine whether to respond to the first paging message from the at least one access network device.

[0038] In the above embodiments, after receiving the first paging message, the terminal determines whether the first paging message is a duplicate based on the information in the first paging message, thereby determining whether to respond to the first paging message. This can effectively prevent the terminal from responding to the same paging message repeatedly and effectively save equipment energy.

[0039] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message includes a paging repeat identifier.

[0040] In the above embodiments, the paging duplication flag indicates whether the first paging message is a duplicate paging message, thereby effectively avoiding repeated responses to the same paging message.

[0041] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are the same.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the paging duplication identifiers in the first paging messages of at least one access network device are the same, so that the terminal can avoid responding repeatedly to the same paging from different access network devices based on the paging duplication identifier.

[0043] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the paging repeat identifier satisfies one of the following:

[0044] Generated by core network equipment;

[0045] It shall be determined through negotiation by the at least one access network device.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the same paging duplication identifier is determined for different access network devices through negotiation between the core network device or different access network devices, thereby avoiding the terminal from repeatedly responding to the same service request from the core network device, or avoiding the terminal from repeatedly responding to paging from different access network devices for the same service.

[0047] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining whether to respond to the first paging message of the at least one access network device includes:

[0048] Based on the paging duplication identifier, determine whether the first paging message of the at least one access network device is a duplicate transmission;

[0049] The first paging message of the at least one access network device is sent repeatedly, and no response is given to the first paging message of any of the at least one access network device.

[0050] In the above embodiments, if the terminal determines that the first paging message of at least one access network device is repeatedly sent based on the paging duplicate identifier, it skips the response to the first paging message of different access network devices, thereby saving energy consumption.

[0051] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are different, wherein each access network device generates a corresponding paging duplicate identifier.

[0052] In the above embodiments, the paging duplication identifiers in the first paging messages of at least one access network device are different. The terminal needs to determine whether the first paging message of each access network device is a duplicate transmission. This can prevent the terminal from responding repeatedly to the same paging message from a certain access network device, thereby achieving terminal energy saving.

[0053] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message of the at least one access network device includes an access network device identifier.

[0054] In the above embodiments, in the scenario where different access network devices generate paging duplicate identifiers, each access network device can carry the access network device identifier in the first paging message it sends, so that the terminal can accurately determine the specific access network device that repeatedly sends paging, avoid the terminal responding repeatedly to the paging message of that access network device, and save terminal energy consumption.

[0055] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining whether to respond to the first paging message of the at least one access network device includes:

[0056] In the first paging message of the at least one access network device, it is determined whether the first paging message of each access network device is a duplicate transmission;

[0057] The first paging message of the first access network device in the at least one access network device is repeatedly sent, and the first paging message of the first access network device is not responded to.

[0058] In the above embodiments, the terminal determines whether the first paging message of each access network device is a duplicate transmission. The terminal skips the response to the first paging message of the access network device that is a duplicate transmission, thereby avoiding repeated responses to the same paging message from the same access network device and saving terminal energy consumption.

[0059] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message is repeatedly transmitted when at least one of the following is satisfied:

[0060] The paging duplication flag in the first paging message is the same as the paging duplication flag in the previously responded second paging message;

[0061] The access network device identifier in the first paging message is the same as the access network device identifier in the second paging message.

[0062] In the above embodiments, the terminal can determine whether the paging message is a duplicate based on the information carried in the first paging message, thereby enabling timely paging response and improving communication efficiency; it can also effectively avoid repeatedly responding to the same paging message and save terminal energy consumption.

[0063] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by an access network device, the method comprising:

[0064] Receive first indication information sent by the core network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the paging terminal of the access network device;

[0065] A first paging message is sent to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

[0066] In the above embodiments, after receiving the first indication information, the access network device sends a first paging message to the terminal, enabling the terminal to determine whether to respond to the first paging message based on the first paging message, thereby avoiding repeated responses to the same paging message, and helping the terminal access the network after the terminal misses the paging message.

[0067] In conjunction with embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message includes a paging repeat identifier.

[0068] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifier in the first paging message of different access network devices is the same.

[0069] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the paging repeat identifier satisfies one of the following:

[0070] Generated by core network equipment;

[0071] The determination shall be made through negotiation among different access network devices.

[0072] In conjunction with embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0073] Repeat the first paging message a certain number of times;

[0074] The duration for which the first paging message is repeatedly sent;

[0075] List of access network devices that sent the first paging message.

[0076] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first paging message to the terminal includes:

[0077] The first paging message is repeatedly sent to the terminal according to the number of times and / or the duration.

[0078] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of different access network devices are different, wherein each access network device generates a corresponding paging duplicate identifier.

[0079] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message includes a corresponding access network device identifier.

[0080] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0081] The system receives a second indication message sent by the core network device, the second indication message being used to instruct the access network device to stop repeatedly sending the first paging message.

[0082] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the repeatedly transmitted paging messages include the same paging repeat identifier.

[0083] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a core network device, the method comprising:

[0084] Sending first indication information to at least one access network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the access network device to page a terminal, wherein the at least one access network device is used to send a first paging message to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

[0085] In the above embodiments, the core network device sends a first indication message to the access network device, which instructs the access network device's paging terminal to help the terminal access the network after the terminal misses a paging message.

[0086] In conjunction with embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message includes a paging repeat identifier.

[0087] In conjunction with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifier in the first paging message of the at least one access network device is the same.

[0088] In conjunction with embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the paging repeat identifier satisfies one of the following:

[0089] Generated by core network equipment;

[0090] The determination shall be made through negotiation among different access network devices.

[0091] In conjunction with embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0092] Repeat the first paging message a certain number of times;

[0093] The duration for which the first paging message is repeatedly sent;

[0094] List of access network devices that sent the first paging message.

[0095] In conjunction with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are different, wherein each access network device generates a corresponding paging duplicate identifier.

[0096] In conjunction with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message includes a corresponding access network device identifier.

[0097] In conjunction with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0098] Send a second indication message to the at least one access network device, the second indication message being used to instruct the access network device to stop repeatedly sending the first paging message.

[0099] In conjunction with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first paging message is repeatedly transmitted when at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0100] The paging duplication flag in the first paging message is the same as the paging duplication flag in the second paging message that the terminal has responded to;

[0101] The access network device identifier in the first paging message is the same as the access network device identifier in the second paging message.

[0102] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, wherein the communication device is used to perform the method described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0103] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system, including a terminal, access network equipment, and core network equipment, wherein...

[0104] The terminal is configured to implement the method as described in the first aspect;

[0105] The access network device is configured to implement the method as described in the second aspect;

[0106] The core network equipment is configured to implement the method described in the third aspect.

[0107] Sixthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions, wherein...

[0108] When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the method as described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0109] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product, including at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program and instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the method described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0110] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method described in any of the first, second, or third aspects.

[0111] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described in any of the first, second, or third aspects.

[0112] It is understood that the aforementioned communication equipment, communication system, storage medium, program product, etc., are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0114] As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 includes a terminal 101, an access network device 102, and a core network (CN) device 103.

[0115] In some embodiments, terminal 101 is an IoT device, an A-IoT (Ambient Internet of Things) terminal, an A-IoT device, or simply a terminal; alternatively, terminal 101 may be a tag, a passive terminal, or a passive node.

[0116] Terminal 101 can feature low memory usage, low processing power, low power consumption, small data transmission, and mass deployment capabilities. It can be maintenance-free and have a long lifespan; for example, the lifespan of an A-IoT device can exceed 10 years. A-IoT devices support ambient power, are powered by energy harvesting, and have limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using capacitors). They obtain power by collecting radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable source. For example, an A-IoT device needs to collect radio waves transmitted by network nodes to obtain energy before it can operate. Therefore, before obtaining energy, the environmental IoT device is typically in a "shutdown" state, i.e., offline. For this reason, the communication system 100 needs to support data communication methods with shorter transmission times, lower memory consumption, and more convenient terminal management to complete the data communication process as quickly as possible.

[0117] In some embodiments, a wireless communication design based on backscattering technology for communication with environmental energy devices is implemented.

[0118] In some embodiments, the power acquisition and storage capabilities vary depending on the type and operating mode of the A-IoT device.

[0119] For example, environmental IoT devices can include the following types:

[0120] Device 1 or Device A: It has no energy storage capacity and cannot generate or amplify signals independently. Device 1 can communicate using backscattering.

[0121] Device 2a or Device B: It has energy storage capability, cannot generate signals independently, and can communicate using backscattering. The energy it stores can be used to amplify reflected signals.

[0122] Device 2b or Device C: It has energy storage capabilities and can generate signals independently, such as having active radio frequency (RF) components for transmission.

[0123] In some embodiments, the aim is to study a harmonized air interface design that minimizes the diversity of environmental IoT (if necessary), such as supporting devices with the following characteristics, or environmental IoT devices that can meet the following characteristics or constraints:

[0124] The peak power consumption is approximately 1 microwatt (μW), and it has energy storage capabilities. The initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) is as high as 10X ppm. The device does not support downlink (DL) signal amplification or uplink (UL) signal amplification. The UL signal transmission of this device requires backscattering on an externally provided carrier.

[0125] Peak power consumption ≤ several hundred μW, with energy storage function, SFO up to 10X ppm, and the device has DL signal and / or UL signal amplification functions. The UL signal transmission of this device can be generated internally or backscattered on an externally provided carrier. X can be determined by a protocol.

[0126] In some embodiments, a network device may include one or more network-side nodes or devices, or nodes or devices that assist in implementing network-side functions. In this embodiment, the network device includes access network device 102 and core network device 103.

[0127] In some examples, to support data transmission for A-IoT devices, network devices can implement one or more of the following functions:

[0128] Energy Source (ES) Function: Provides energy for environmental IoT devices, and can be used in devices 2a and 2b;

[0129] Downlink Transmission (DT) function: Triggers uplink transmission of IoT devices in the environment by sending indication information.

[0130] Continuous Wave (CW) Excitation Function: Provides the electromagnetic waves required for backscattering for environmental IoT devices. This can be used by Device 1 and Device 2a to achieve uplink transmission via backscattered CW. CW is actually a type of energy storage (ES), and environmental IoT devices can receive and store CW energy.

[0131] Uplink Receiver (UR) function: Receives uplink information backscattered by environmental IoT devices, or receives uplink information actively transmitted by environmental IoT devices.

[0132] The network device can simultaneously perform multiple or all of the above functions; alternatively, the network device may comprise multiple network nodes, each dedicated to performing one of the functions. Each network node performing a function can be a user equipment (UE), a repeater, or a base station, etc. When each network node performs a function, the network can coordinate or control the behavior of the different nodes.

[0133] In some examples, access network device 102 may be a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. Access network device 102 may include at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next generation eNB (ng-eNB), next generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0134] In some examples, access network device 102 may include an A-IoT RAN for the Internet of Things in the Environment, or may include a reader.

[0135] In some examples, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0136] In some examples, the access network device 102 can be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only example.

[0137] In some examples, core network device 103 can be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it can be multiple devices or groups of devices, each comprising all or part of one or more network elements. Network elements can be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), and Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0138] In some examples, core network device 103 may include a core network for the Internet of Things in the Environment (A-IOT CN).

[0139] In some examples, core network device 103 includes network elements with specific functions, such as Access Management Function (AMF) and Service Management Function (SMF).

[0140] In some embodiments, the UE includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0141] Figures 1B to 1F are schematic diagrams of the topology of a communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0142] As shown in Topology 1 of Figure 1B, terminal 101 can communicate directly with network devices to directly receive and transmit DL and UL data. For example, network devices directly interact with terminal 101 to receive ambient IoT data or signaling. The network devices include at least one of access network device 102 and core network device 103.

[0143] As shown in Topology 2 in Figure 1C, terminal 101 indirectly receives and transmits DL and UL data with network devices, and forwards the data through intermediate node 104.

[0144] In some embodiments, the intermediate node 104 may be a relay, repeater, integrated access backhaul (IAB), or UE.

[0145] As shown in Figures 1D and 1E, in topology 3, terminal 101 indirectly receives and transmits DL and UL data with network devices. Then, there is an assisting node 105 on UL or DL, which is responsible for receiving or sending UL data or receiving DL data.

[0146] In some embodiments, the auxiliary node 105 may be a relay, repeater, IAB, or UE.

[0147] As shown in Topology 4 of Figure 1F, terminal 101 and UE106 directly receive and transmit DL and UL data; UE106 is responsible for collecting data and forwarding the collected data to the network side, such as access network device 102 or core network device 103.

[0148] In some embodiments, communication between terminal 101 and network devices, such as communication based on topology 1 and topology 2, can utilize spectrum resources in three forms: in-band, guard band, and stand-alone. In-band uses normal NR communication DL and / or UL spectrum resources, such as the spectrum resources used for DL / UL communication between the base station and other UEs (Figure 1B), or the spectrum resources for DL / UL communication between the UE and the base station (Figure 1C). Guard band uses the spectrum resources of the guard band of normal NR communication DL and / or UL spectrum. Stand-alone uses spectrum resources unrelated to NR communication.

[0149] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0150] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in Figures 1A to 1F, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in Figures 1A to 1F are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in Figures 1A to 1F, or it may include other main bodies outside of Figures 1A to 1F. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0151] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0152] In some implementations, traditional IoT devices are typically powered by batteries with limited lifespans. With the proliferation of IoT networks and the large number of IoT devices, issues such as battery maintenance, recycling, and replacement have become increasingly serious. Batteries that cannot be successfully recycled can also have harmful impacts on the ecosystem and environment. Therefore, environmentally friendly and secure battery-free communication has emerged. Battery-free communication can improve network performance and sustainability, expand application scenarios, and significantly reduce device size and cost.

[0153] In some implementations of 5G communication technology, existing low-power wide-area (LPMA) technologies, such as machine-type communication (MTC), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), and reduced capability (RedCap), can meet the growing demands of vertical industries, enabling low cost, low power consumption, and massive connectivity. However, they still cannot address the following needs: First, devices powered by traditional batteries are unsuitable, for example, under extreme environmental conditions (e.g., high voltage, extremely high / low temperatures, humid environments); second, maintenance-free devices are required (e.g., traditional batteries that do not require replacement); and finally, ultra-low complexity, very small device size or form factor (e.g., thickness in millimeters), and longer lifespan are required. IoT that supports ambient power or environmentally powered systems can meet these needs.

[0154] In some implementations, low-power IoT communication chips, such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Long Range Radio (LoRa) or NB-IoT, consume tens or even hundreds of milliwatts of power for transmission and reception. However, as described in the preceding embodiments, environmental energy harvesting yields only microwatts of energy. Harvesting energy from the environment to power sensing nodes, such as environmental IoT devices 101, for data transmission and wireless communication requires wireless communication technologies that can reduce communication power consumption to tens or even less than ten microwatts, such as backscatter communications.

[0155] In some implementations, backscatter communication is an extremely low-power modulation and transmission technology that utilizes the principle of radio frequency signal backscattering, serving as a means to achieve the Internet of Things (IoT). In backscatter communication, because a portion of the radio frequency signal, such as electromagnetic waves, is reflected when it reaches the surface of an object, a passive node acting as the transmitting node, such as an environmental IoT device 101, adjusts the matching between its receiving antenna and impedance according to the information to be transmitted, enhancing the reflection of the incident radio frequency signal. It then modulates the sensed data it acquires onto the reflected signal, completing the data transmission. Compared to other communication technologies, backscatter communication does not require complex radio frequency structures, reducing the use of devices such as power amplifiers, high-precision crystal oscillators, duplexers, and high-precision filters. It also does not require complex baseband processing, thus simplifying terminal design and significantly reducing the cost of terminal nodes.

[0156] In some implementations, in a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system using backscatter communication, as shown in Figure 1G, the receiver sends a radio frequency excitation signal to activate a passive node. The receiver, for example, is an RFID reader, corresponding to a network device such as access network device 102; the passive node, for example, is an RFID tag, corresponding to terminal 101. The tag uses backscatter communication to modulate its own information onto the radio frequency signal. The reader receives the reflected signal from the passive tag and demodulates it to achieve information transmission. RFID communication suffers from the following drawbacks: the wireless signal experiences double-path fading, resulting in significant path loss, short effective communication distance, and therefore limited coverage; it also requires single-channel transmission; strict tag alignment is required; and there is no power control. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate 3GPP communication technologies to improve the wireless communication performance of RFID technology in passive Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

[0157] In some implementations of an RFID communication system, as shown in Figure 1H, commands are functionally categorized into three types: tag selection, inventory, and access. Selection commands include the Select command and the Challenge command. Inventory commands include the Query command, QueryAdjust command, QueryRep command, ACK command, and NAK command. Access commands include the Req_RN command, Read command, Write command, Kill command, and Lock command; optionally, they may also include the Access command, BlockWrite command, and BlockErase command.

[0158] The following is an application example of disk storage and retrieval, illustrated in Figure 1I. The command application example in disk storage and retrieval may include the following steps:

[0159] (1) After receiving a valid Query command, each tag that meets the set criteria and is selected generates a random number. Each tag with a random number of zero will generate an echo, such as sending back a temporary password RN16, which is a 16-bit random number, and will move to the Reply state; other tags can change certain attributes and flags to exit the group of tags with zero, which helps to reduce duplicate identification.

[0160] (2) After receiving a valid QueryAdjust command, each tag generates a new random number, and other behaviors are the same as the Query command.

[0161] (3) After a tag receives a valid QueryRep command, the original random number of each tag in the tag group is decremented by one, and other behaviors are the same as the Query command.

[0162] (4) Only unique tags can receive a valid ACK command. Upon receiving the ACK command, the tag will send back the contents of the EPC area according to the Electronic Product Code (EPC) communication protocol. The ACK command can use either RN16 or Handle, where Handle is a temporary 16-bit random number representing the tag's identity.

[0163] (5) After receiving a valid NAK command, tags in the Ready and Killed states retain their original states, while tags in other states transition to the Arbitrate state. The different states of a tag are shown in Figure 1H.

[0164] In some embodiments, in IoT or A-IoT scenarios, such as in an RFID system, a reader can trigger multiple paging messages related to the same service request. The service request originates from the core network, and the paging message includes at least one of a paging ID and a reader ID. The paging message may include information to avoid duplicate responses from terminal 101 to the reader. For example, terminal 101 may determine whether to skip responding to the paging message based on the information in the paging message, thereby preventing terminal 101 from repeatedly responding to the same service request.

[0165] In some embodiments, for multiple paging messages from the same reader, the paging message includes identification information, which helps to prevent the terminal 101 from responding repeatedly to the same service request.

[0166] In some embodiments, paging messages can be repeatedly transmitted so that terminals that have missed paging messages can have another chance to access the network. However, some terminals may respond repeatedly to repeated paging messages, so it is necessary to provide a method to control the repeated transmission of paging messages, such as how to prevent terminals from responding repeatedly to paging messages that have already been responded to.

[0167] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0168] In step S2101, the core network device 103 sends a first indication message to at least one access network device 102.

[0169] In some embodiments, at least one access network device 102 receives first indication information sent by core network device 103.

[0170] Optionally, the access network device 102 may include, for example, a reader, a base station, a relay UE, or a node for implementing one or more of the ES function, DT function, CW incentive function, or UR function.

[0171] Optionally, the core network device 103 may include, for example, an A-IOT CN, or a node for implementing one or more of the ES function, DT function, CW incentive function, or UR function.

[0172] In some embodiments, taking the access network device 102 as an example, in a multi-reader scenario, at least one access network device 102 may include multiple readers, each of which may receive the first instruction information.

[0173] In some embodiments, in a single reader scenario, at least one access network device 102 includes a reader that can receive first instruction information.

[0174] In some embodiments, the first instruction information may be request information, such as an inventory request or a command request.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first indication information may be a paging command or paging signaling sent by the core network device 103.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first indication information is used to indicate the paging terminal 101 of the access network device 102.

[0177] Optionally, terminal 101 may include an A-IoT device or a tag.

[0178] Optionally, the first indication information is used to trigger the establishment of an IoT service or an A-IoT service. For example, the paging indicated by the first indication information (such as the first paging message below) is used to establish an IoT service or an A-IoT service.

[0179] In some embodiments, the first indication information can be used to indicate the manner in which the access network device 102 sends a paging message. For example, in a scenario where the access network device 102 repeatedly sends a paging message, repeated sending can be performed based on the indication of the first indication information.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0181] The number of times the first paging message is sent repeatedly;

[0182] The duration for which the first paging message is repeatedly sent;

[0183] List of access network devices that sent the first paging message.

[0184] Optionally, if the first indication information includes the number of times the first paging message is repeatedly sent, the first indication information is used to limit the number of times the access network device 102 repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal 101.

[0185] Optionally, if the first indication information includes the duration for repeatedly sending the first paging message, the first indication information is used to limit the duration for which the access network device 102 repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal 101. Optionally, the duration can be timed by a timer, and the start time of the duration can be the time when the access network device 102 receives the first indication information.

[0186] Optionally, if the first indication information includes a list of access network devices that sent the first paging message, for example, the access network device list is a reader list, the access network device that receives the first indication information can communicate or negotiate with the access network devices in the list based on the list.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first indication information may further include a paging repeat identifier, which can be used by at least one access network device for repeated paging based on the same service.

[0188] Optionally, in this embodiment, the paging repeat identifier is generated by the core network device 103.

[0189] In step S2102, different access network devices 102 negotiate to determine the paging duplicate identifier.

[0190] In some embodiments, in a multi-reader scenario, different access network devices 102, such as different readers, can negotiate to determine a paging duplication identifier, that is, different access network devices 102 can carry the same paging duplication identifier in the first paging message corresponding to the same service.

[0191] In some embodiments, when the first indication information includes a list of access network devices, the access network device 102 that receives the first indication information may negotiate with the access network devices in the list to determine a paging duplicate identifier based on the list.

[0192] In some embodiments, in a scenario where the core network device 103 generates a paging repeat identifier, step S2102 is optional and can be omitted.

[0193] In some embodiments, there is an association between a paging repeater and an IoT service or an A-IoT service. For example, one paging repeater is used for one IoT service or an A-IoT service.

[0194] In step S2103, the access network device 102 sends a first paging message to the terminal 101.

[0195] In some embodiments, after receiving the first indication information sent by the core network device 103, the access network device 102 may send a first paging message to the terminal 101 respectively.

[0196] Optionally, in at least one access network device 102, such as in a multi-reader scenario, each access network device 102 may send a first paging message to the terminal 101.

[0197] In some embodiments, terminal 101 receives a first paging message sent by at least one access network device 102.

[0198] In some embodiments, the first paging message includes information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first paging message includes a paging duplication identifier (Paging Duplication Id).

[0200] Optionally, the paging duplicate identifier is used to indicate whether the first paging message is a duplicate message.

[0201] Optionally, the paging duplicate identifier is used to indicate or determine whether the first paging message sent by different access network devices 102 is a duplicate transmission, as described in any of steps S2104 to S2106.

[0202] Optionally, the paging repetition indication is used to indicate whether the first paging message sent by the same access network device 102 is repeatedly sent or not. As described in any one of steps S2204 to S2206 in FIG. 2B.

[0203] Optionally, the first paging message can also be referred to as a paging or a paging command.

[0204] In some embodiments, the access network device 102 can send the first paging message according to the indication of the first indication information.

[0205] Optionally, the access network device 102 repeatedly sends the first paging message for a number of times less than or equal to the number of times indicated in the first indication information.

[0206] In an example, if the first indication information includes a number of times Q of repeatedly sending the first paging message, the access network device 102 repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal 101 upon receiving the first indication information, and records the number of times of repeatedly sending the first paging message, until the number of times of repeatedly sending the first paging message reaches Q, and stops repeatedly sending the first paging message.

[0207] Optionally, the access network device 102 repeatedly sends the first paging message for a time duration less than or equal to the time duration indicated in the first indication information.

[0208] In an example, if the first indication information includes a time duration T of repeatedly sending the first paging message, the access network device 102 starts a timer upon receiving the first indication information, the time duration of the timer is T, repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal 101 during the running of the timer, and stops repeatedly sending the first paging message to the terminal 101 when the timer expires.

[0209] Optionally, the first indication information includes the number of times and / or the time duration.

[0210] In another example, if the first indication information includes a number of times Q of repeatedly sending the first paging message and a time duration T of repeatedly sending the first paging message, the access network device 102 starts a timer with a time duration of T upon receiving the first indication information, repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal 101, and records the number of times of repeatedly sending the first paging message, until the number of times of repeatedly sending the first paging message reaches Q, or the timer expires, or both the number of times of repeatedly sending the first paging message reaches Q and the timer expires, and stops repeatedly sending the first paging message.

[0211] Optionally, the list of access network devices indicated in the first indication information can be a list of access network devices that need to send the first paging message, such as the access network devices in the list sending the first paging message respectively.

[0212] Optionally, based on this list, the access network device that receives the first instruction information can communicate or negotiate with the access network devices in the list.

[0213] Optionally, the list may include at least one access network device that has received the first indication information.

[0214] In some embodiments, in a multi-reader scenario, at least one access network device 102 has the same paging duplicate identifier in the first paging message for different access network devices.

[0215] Optionally, for the first paging message corresponding to the same A-IoT service, the first paging messages repeatedly sent by different access network devices 102 carry the same paging duplication identifier.

[0216] In step S2104, terminal 101 determines whether the first paging message of at least one access network device is sent repeatedly based on the paging duplicate identifier.

[0217] In some embodiments, terminal 101 may determine whether to respond to a first paging message from at least one access network device.

[0218] Optionally, this embodiment applies to different access network devices 102 having the same paging duplication identifier, such as using the same paging duplication identifier for the same A-IoT service. In a multi-reader scenario, regardless of which access network device the terminal 101 receives the first paging message from, it only needs to determine whether the first paging message is being sent repeatedly based on the paging duplication identifier in the first paging message.

[0219] Optionally, the paging repeat identifier is generated by the core network device 102 or determined by negotiation by at least one access network device 102.

[0220] In some embodiments, the first paging message is retransmitted when the following conditions are met:

[0221] The paging duplication flag in the first paging message is the same as the paging duplication flag in the previously responded second paging message;

[0222] For example, if the paging duplicate identifier in the first paging message sent by any access network device 102 received by terminal 101 is "Identifier 1", and the paging duplicate identifier in the second paging message that terminal 101 has already responded to is also "Identifier 1", then terminal 101 determines that the first paging message was sent repeatedly.

[0223] Optionally, the access network device that sends the first paging message and the access network device that sends the second paging message may be the same or different.

[0224] Optionally, the second paging message is sent before the first paging message. The second paging messages sent by different access network devices may carry the same paging duplication identifier.

[0225] Optionally, the use of "first" or "second" in the first paging message and the second paging message described below is only used to limit paging messages sent by the access network device 102 at different times or in different batches, and not to limit the content of the paging message.

[0226] In some embodiments, if the first paging message is not repeatedly sent, the terminal 101 may respond to the first paging message, as shown in step S2105.

[0227] In some embodiments, if the first paging message is sent repeatedly, the terminal 101 may not respond to the first paging message, as shown in step S2106.

[0228] In step S2105, since the first paging message is not sent repeatedly, terminal 101 sends a response message to access network device 102.

[0229] In some embodiments, the response information is used to respond to a first paging message.

[0230] In some embodiments, the access network device 102 receives response information.

[0231] In some embodiments, after receiving the response information, the access network device 102 may resend the first paging message. In this case, the terminal 101 can still determine whether to respond to the resent first paging message according to the steps of the embodiments of this disclosure. At this time, the first paging message in this step can be considered as a second paging message compared to the subsequently resent first paging messages.

[0232] In step S2106, the first paging message is sent repeatedly, and terminal 101 does not respond to the first paging message of any at least one access network device.

[0233] In some embodiments, if the received first paging message and the responded second paging message contain the same paging duplicate identifier, the terminal may not respond to the first paging message, such as not sending response information, regardless of whether the access network devices corresponding to the first paging message and the second paging message are the same.

[0234] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 determines whether the first paging message sent by at least one access network device 102 is a duplicate transmission based on the paging duplicate identifier. If it is determined that the first paging message sent by at least one access network device 102 is a duplicate transmission, it means that the terminal 101 has already responded to the first paging message. Therefore, the terminal 101 skips the first paging message, that is, it does not need to respond to the first paging message of any at least one access network device 102.

[0235] In step S2107, the core network device 103 sends a second instruction message to at least one access network device 102.

[0236] In some embodiments, at least one access network device 102 receives a second indication message sent by a core network device 103.

[0237] In some embodiments, the second instruction information is used to instruct the access network device 102 to stop repeatedly sending the first paging message.

[0238] Optionally, the second instruction information can be a new command, such as the second instruction information being a different command from the first instruction information.

[0239] Optionally, the second instruction information and the first instruction information are the same command, which includes two types of information elements (IEs): one IE corresponding to the first instruction information and the other IE corresponding to the second instruction information. Alternatively, the command may include one type of IE, and different values ​​for this IE may correspond to the first instruction information and the second instruction information, respectively.

[0240] Optionally, the first indication information can be used to trigger A-IoT services, that is, to indicate the start of the service.

[0241] Optionally, the second indication information can be used to stop the A-IoT service, that is, to indicate that the service is stopped.

[0242] Alternatively, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the service can also be replaced with a task.

[0243] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes a paging repeat identifier.

[0244] The paging repeat identifier in the second instruction information is the same as the paging repeat identifier in the first instruction information.

[0245] In some embodiments, the "first" or "second" in the first indication message and the second indication message described below is used only to define indication messages that are not sent simultaneously by the core network device 103, or indication messages that are sent at different times, and not to define the signaling carrying the indication message.

[0246] In some embodiments, if the first indication information indicates the number of times and / or the duration of repeated transmission, and the number of repeated transmissions does not reach the number indicated by the first indication information, and / or the duration of repeated transmissions does not reach the duration indicated by the first indication information, but the access network device receives the second indication information, the access network device will still stop repeatedly transmitting the first paging message.

[0247] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", and "field" can be used interchangeably.

[0248] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0249] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transfer,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0250] In some embodiments, the terms “radio”, “wireless”, “radio access network (RAN)”, “access network (AN)”, and “RAN-based” can be used interchangeably.

[0251] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0252] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0253] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2107. For example, step S2101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S2103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps S2103, S2104 and S2106 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0254] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments. For example, this step may be omitted when the first indication information indicates a paging repeat identifier.

[0255] In some embodiments, steps S2105 and S2106 are parallel embodiments, and one of them can be performed.

[0256] In some embodiments, step S2107 may optionally be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0257] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0258] Figure 2B is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2B, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0259] In step S2201, the core network device 103 sends a first indication message to at least one access network device 102.

[0260] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2201 can be referred to the implementation of step S2101 in FIG2A, and will not be repeated here.

[0261] In step S2202, the access network device 102 determines the paging duplicate identifier itself.

[0262] Optionally, the paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging message of at least one access network device are different, wherein each access network device generates a paging duplicate identifier corresponding to its own access network device.

[0263] Optionally, each access network device has a paging duplicate identifier to indicate whether the first paging message of that access network device is a duplicate transmission.

[0264] In step S2203, the access network device 102 sends a first paging message to the terminal 101.

[0265] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2203 can be found in the implementation of step S2103 in FIG2A.

[0266] In some embodiments, the difference between step S2203 and step S2103 in this disclosure is that each access network device 102 generates its own paging duplicate identifier.

[0267] In some embodiments, the first paging message of at least one access network device includes an access network device identifier.

[0268] Therefore, after receiving the first paging message, the terminal 101 can determine the access network device that sent the first paging message based on the access network device identifier in the first paging message.

[0269] In step S2204, terminal 101 determines whether the first paging message of each access network device is sent repeatedly.

[0270] In some embodiments, after receiving a first paging message sent by at least one access network device, for each access network device's first paging message, it is determined whether the first paging message was repeatedly sent by the access network device that generated the paging duplicate identifier based on the paging duplicate identifier in the first paging message.

[0271] In some embodiments, the first paging message is retransmitted when the following conditions are met:

[0272] The paging duplication flag in the first paging message is the same as the paging duplication flag in the previously responded second paging message;

[0273] The access network device identifier in the first paging message is the same as the access network device identifier in the second paging message.

[0274] Optionally, the description of the second paging message can be found in the description of step S2104 in Figure 2A, and will not be repeated here.

[0275] For example, if the paging duplicate identifier in the second paging message sent by access network device Reader1 to terminal 101 is "Reader1: Identifier 1", and the paging duplicate identifier in the first paging message sent by access network device Reader1 to terminal 101 is still "Reader1: Identifier 1", then it means that the first paging message is a paging message repeatedly sent by access network device Reader1.

[0276] In some embodiments, if the first paging message is not repeatedly sent, the terminal 101 may respond to the first paging message, as shown in step S2204.

[0277] In some embodiments, if the first paging message is sent repeatedly, the terminal 101 may not respond to the first paging message, as shown in step S2205.

[0278] In step S2205, since the first paging message is not sent repeatedly, terminal 101 sends a response message to access network device 102.

[0279] In some embodiments, the access network device 102 in this step is the access network device 102 that sends a non-repeating first paging message, that is, the access network device 102 corresponding to the non-repeating first paging message.

[0280] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2204 can be found in the description of step S2105 in FIG2A.

[0281] In step S2206, the first paging message is sent repeatedly, and terminal 101 does not respond to the first paging message of the first access network device.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first access network device may refer to an access network device that has repeatedly sent the first paging message among at least one access network device.

[0283] In this embodiment, the paging duplication identifier is generated by each of the at least one access network device 102. The terminal 101 determines whether the first paging message received from each access network device 102 is a duplicate based on the paging duplication identifier of the first paging message from the at least one access network device 102. If it is determined that the first paging message from the first access network device among the at least one access network device 102 is a duplicate, it indicates that the terminal 101 has already responded to the first paging message sent by the first access network device, and therefore the terminal 101 does not need to respond to the first paging message sent by the first access network device.

[0284] In step S2207, the core network device 103 sends a second instruction message to at least one access network device 102.

[0285] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2207 can be found in the implementation of step S2107 in FIG2A, and will not be repeated here.

[0286] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2207. For example, step S2201 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, and step S2203 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0287] In some embodiments, steps S2205 and S2206 are parallel embodiments, and one of them can be executed.

[0288] In some embodiments, step S2207 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0289] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0290] Figure 3A is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3A, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0291] In step S3101, the access network device 102 sends a first paging message to the terminal 101.

[0292] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3101 can be found in step S2103 in FIG2A.

[0293] In step S3102, terminal 101 determines whether to respond to the first paging message of at least one access network device.

[0294] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3102 can be found in the description of steps S2104 to S2106 in FIG2A.

[0295] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3102 can be found in the description of steps S2204 to S2206 in FIG2B.

[0296] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0297] Figure 3B is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3B, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0298] In step S3201, the core network device 103 sends a first indication message to at least one access network device 102.

[0299] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3201 can be found in step S2101 in FIG2A or step S2201 in FIG2B.

[0300] In step S3202, the access network device 102 sends a first paging message to the terminal 101.

[0301] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3202 can be referred to step S2103 in FIG2A.

[0302] In step S3203, terminal 101 determines whether to respond to the first paging message of at least one access network device.

[0303] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3203 can be found in the description of steps S2104 to S2106 in FIG2A.

[0304] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3203 can be found in the description of steps S2204 to S2206 in FIG2B.

[0305] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0306] This disclosure provides a communication method that controls repeated paging transmissions explicitly or implicitly over a network, enabling effective air interface paging transmission.

[0307] Figure 4A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0308] In step S4101, the core network device (A-IoT CN) sends an inventory or command request to at least one access network device (A-IoT RAN).

[0309] The core network device (A-IoT CN) corresponds to the core network device 103 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the access network device (A-IoT RAN) corresponds to the core network device 102 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0310] Optionally, in Figures 4A to 4C, the A-IoT RANs respectively represent different A-IoT access network devices.

[0311] Optionally, the access network device may include a Reader.

[0312] Optionally, the inventory or command request corresponds to the first instruction information in the foregoing embodiments.

[0313] In some embodiments, the inventory or command request includes a paging duplication identifier (Duplication Id).

[0314] Step S4102: The access network device sends an IoT paging message to the IoT device.

[0315] In some embodiments, the IoT device corresponds to the terminal 101 described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0316] In some embodiments, IoT paging includes a paging repeat identifier.

[0317] In some embodiments, the access network device is used to send IoT paging to the IoT Device. Optionally, the IoT paging corresponds to the first paging message or the second paging message in the foregoing embodiments.

[0318] Step S4103, IoT device responds to paging.

[0319] In step S4104, at least one access network device repeatedly sends an IoT paging message to the IoT device.

[0320] In step S4105, the IoT device determines that the IoT paging is being sent repeatedly and skips the paging response.

[0321] In this embodiment, the Paging Duplication ID is generated by the core network device and sent to the Reader. The Reader sends the Paging Duplication ID to the Device, which uses it to determine whether the paging message is a duplicate paging. If the paging has already been responded to, the paging is skipped and not processed.

[0322] In some embodiments, inventory or command requests include a paging time limit (Duplication Times).

[0323] In one example, when the Reader receives a paging time limit from the core network device, it starts a timer. The Reader repeatedly sends inventory or command requests to the terminal (IoT Device) until the timer reaches the paging time limit. If the timer expires, the Reader stops repeatedly sending IoT paging requests to the terminal.

[0324] In some embodiments, inventory or command requests include a paging repetition count.

[0325] In this embodiment, when the Reader receives a paging limit from the core network device, the Reader repeatedly sends IoT paging to the terminal until the paging limit is reached.

[0326] In this embodiment, the Paging Duplication ID is generated by the core network device. In a multi-reader scenario, the device does not need to care which reader the paging message comes from; it only needs to determine the Paging Duplication ID to decide whether to skip the paging.

[0327] In some embodiments, inventory or command requests include a paging repetition limit and / or a paging time limit.

[0328] Step S4106: The core network device sends an inventory or command stop instruction to the access network device.

[0329] In some embodiments, the inventory or command stop instruction corresponds to the second instruction information in the foregoing embodiments, used to stop the sending of paging messages, and the command may carry the Paging Duplication ID.

[0330] In some embodiments, the command may be a new command or the same command that triggers service establishment (first indication information). The IE in the command is used to indicate whether the task starts (starts to repeatedly send paging messages) or the task stops (stops sending paging messages).

[0331] Figure 4B is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4B, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0332] In step S4201, the core network device (A-IoT CN) sends an inventory or command request to at least one access network device (A-IoT RAN).

[0333] The core network device (A-IoT CN) corresponds to the core network device 103 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the access network device (A-IoT RAN) corresponds to the core network device 102 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0334] Optionally, the A-IoT RAN may include a Reader.

[0335] Optionally, the inventory or command request corresponds to the aforementioned first instruction information.

[0336] In some embodiments, inventory or command requests include a paging time limit.

[0337] In one example, when the Reader receives a paging time limit from the core network device, it starts a timer. The Reader repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal (IoT Device) until the timer reaches the paging time limit. If the timer expires, the Reader stops repeatedly sending the first paging message to the terminal.

[0338] In some embodiments, inventory or command requests include a paging repetition count.

[0339] In this embodiment, when the Reader receives a paging limit from the core network device, the Reader repeatedly sends the first paging message to the terminal until the number of repeated transmissions reaches the paging limit.

[0340] In some embodiments, an inventory or command request includes a list of Readers.

[0341] In some embodiments, inventory or command requests include a paging repetition limit and / or a paging time limit.

[0342] In step S4202, at least one access network device negotiates and determines a uniform paging duplicate identifier.

[0343] Step S4203: The access network device sends an IoT paging message to the IoT device.

[0344] In some embodiments, IoT paging includes a paging repeat identifier.

[0345] Optionally, the IoT paging corresponds to the first paging message or the second paging message in the foregoing embodiments.

[0346] In some embodiments, the paging duplicate identifier is used by the terminal to determine whether the IoT paging is a duplicate paging. If the terminal has already responded to the paging, the paging is skipped and not processed.

[0347] The terminal (IoT Device) corresponds to the terminal 101 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0348] Step S4204: The IoT device responds to the paging.

[0349] Step S4205: At least one access network device repeatedly sends an IoT paging message to the sending IoT device.

[0350] In step S4206, the IoT device determines that the IoT paging is being sent repeatedly and skips the paging.

[0351] In this embodiment, the Paging Duplication ID is generated by negotiation between at least one Reader. In a multi-Reader scenario, the Device does not need to care which Reader the paging message comes from; it only needs to determine the Paging Duplication ID to decide whether to skip the paging.

[0352] In step S4207, the core network device sends an inventory or command stop instruction to the access network device.

[0353] In some embodiments, the inventory or command stop indication corresponds to the aforementioned second indication information.

[0354] In some embodiments, a save or command stop instruction is used to stop the sending of paging messages, and the command may carry a Paging Duplication ID.

[0355] In some embodiments, the inventory or command stop indication can be a new command or the same command that triggers service establishment (first indication information). The IE in the command is used to indicate that the task starts (starts to repeatedly send paging messages) or the task stops (stops sending paging messages).

[0356] Figure 4C is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4C, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0357] In step S4301, the core network device (A-IoT CN) sends an inventory or command request to the access network device (A-IoT RAN).

[0358] In some embodiments, an inventory or command request corresponds to the aforementioned first instruction information.

[0359] The core network device (A-IoT CN) corresponds to the core network device 103 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the access network device (A-IoT RAN) corresponds to the core network device 102 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0360] Optionally, the access network device is a Reader.

[0361] In step S4302, the access network device decides the paging repeat identifier and paging time limit on its own.

[0362] The terminal (IoT Device) corresponds to the terminal 101 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0363] Optionally, the paging repeater carries the access network device identifier (Reader Id).

[0364] Step S4303: The access network device sends an IoT paging message to the IoT device.

[0365] In some embodiments, the first paging message includes a paging repeat identifier and an access network device identifier.

[0366] Step S4304: The IoT device responds to the paging.

[0367] Step S4305: The access network device repeatedly sends IoT paging messages to the IoT device.

[0368] In step S4306, the IoT device determines that the IoT paging is repeatedly sent by the access network device and skips the paging.

[0369] In some embodiments, the terminal needs to determine whether the first paging message comes from the same Reader and the same Paging Duplication ID. If both the Reader ID and the Paging Duplication ID are the same as the paging message that has been affected by the response, the paging is skipped.

[0370] In step S4307, the core network device sends an inventory or command stop instruction to the access network device.

[0371] In some embodiments, the inventory or command stop indication corresponds to the aforementioned second indication information.

[0372] In some embodiments, a save or command stop instruction is used to stop the sending of paging messages, and the command may carry a Paging Duplication ID.

[0373] In some embodiments, the inventory or command stop indication can be a new command or the same command that triggers service establishment (first indication information). The IE in the command is used to indicate that the task starts (starts to repeatedly send paging messages) or the task stops (stops sending paging messages).

[0374] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0375] This disclosure also proposes an apparatus (also referred to as a communication device, etc.) for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0376] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0377] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0378] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Terminal 5100 is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5A, terminal 5100 may include at least one of a transceiver module 5101, a processing module 5102, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is used to receive a first paging message sent by at least one access network device, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission. The processing module 5102 is used to determine whether to respond to the first paging message from the at least one access network device.

[0379] Optionally, the transceiver module 5101 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the terminal 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 5102 is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the terminal 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0380] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The network device can be an access network device 102 or a core network device 103. The network device 5200 is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5B, the network device 5200 may include at least one of a transceiver module 5201, a processing module 5202, etc. In some embodiments, when the network device is an access network device 102, the transceiver module 5201 is used to receive first indication information sent by the core network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the access network device to paging a terminal; and to send a first paging message to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission. In some embodiments, when the network device is an access network device 130, the transceiver module 5201 is used to send first indication information to at least one access network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the access network device to paging a terminal, wherein the at least one access network device is used to send a first paging message to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

[0381] Optionally, the transceiver module 5201 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the access network device 102 or the core network device 103 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 5202 is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the access network device 102 or the core network device 103 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0382] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0383] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module.

[0384] In some embodiments, the processing module can be replaced by the processor, and the transceiver module can be replaced by the transceiver.

[0385] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 6100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0386] As shown in Figure 6A, the communication device 6100 is used to execute any of the above methods. In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor may be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit may be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 6100 is used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 are used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 6100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0387] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6102. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6102, the transceiver 6102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method, and the processor 6101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0388] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6103 for storing data and / or instructions. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 are used to invoke instructions stored in the memory 6103 to cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, all or part of the memory 6103 may also be located outside the communication device 6100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits 6104. Optionally, the interface circuit 6104 is connected to the memory 6103 and can be used to receive data and / or instructions from the memory 6103 or other devices, and can be used to send data and / or instructions to the memory 6103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 6104 can read data and / or instructions stored in the memory 6103 and can be used to send data and / or instructions to the memory 6103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 6104 can read data and / or instructions stored in the memory 6103 and send the data and / or instructions to the processor 6101.

[0389] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6A. The communication device may be a standalone device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data, programs and / or instructions; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (6) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (7) others, etc.

[0390] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 6200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 6200 shown in Figure 6B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0391] Chip 6200 includes one or more processors 6201. Chip 6200 is used to perform any of the methods described above.

[0392] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more interface circuits 6202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more memories 6203 for storing data and / or instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6203 may be located outside of chip 6200. Optionally, interface circuit 6202 is connected to memory 6203, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to receive data and / or instructions from memory 6203 or other devices, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to send data and / or instructions to memory 6203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 6202 can read data and / or instructions stored in memory 6203 and send the data and / or instructions to processor 6201.

[0393] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 6202 performs at least one of the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method. For example, the interface circuit 6202 performing the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 6202 performs data and / or instruction interaction between the processor 6201, the chip 6200, the memory 6203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 6201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0394] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0395] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on the communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0396] This disclosure also proposes a program product, including a program and / or instructions, which, when executed by the communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product. Optionally, the program product is stored on the storage medium.

[0397] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods. Industrial applicability

[0398] After receiving the first paging message, the terminal determines whether to respond to the first paging message based on the information included in the first paging message that indicates whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission. This can avoid responding to the same paging message repeatedly and allow the terminal to access the network again after missing the paging message.

Claims

1. A communication method, executed by a terminal, the method comprising: Receive a first paging message sent by at least one access network device, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission; Determine whether to respond to the first paging message from the at least one access network device.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The first paging message includes a paging duplicate identifier.

3. The method as described in claim 2, wherein, The paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are the same.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The paging repeat identifier satisfies one of the following: Generated by core network equipment; It shall be determined through negotiation by the at least one access network device.

5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein, The step of determining whether to respond to the first paging message of the at least one access network device includes: Based on the paging duplication identifier, determine whether the first paging message of the at least one access network device is a duplicate transmission; The first paging message of the at least one access network device is sent repeatedly, and no response is given to the first paging message of any of the at least one access network device.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are different, wherein each access network device generates a corresponding paging duplicate identifier.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The first paging message of the at least one access network device includes the access network device identifier.

8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The step of determining whether to respond to the first paging message of the at least one access network device includes: In the first paging message of the at least one access network device, it is determined whether the first paging message of each access network device is a duplicate transmission; The first paging message of the first access network device in the at least one access network device is repeatedly sent, and the first paging message of the first access network device is not responded to.

9. The method of any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein, The first paging message is retransmitted if at least one of the following conditions is met: The paging duplication flag in the first paging message is the same as the paging duplication flag in the previously responded second paging message; The access network device identifier in the first paging message is the same as the access network device identifier in the second paging message.

10. A communication method, performed by an access network device, the method comprising: Receive first indication information sent by the core network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the paging terminal of the access network device; A first paging message is sent to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first paging message includes a paging duplicate identifier.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The paging duplication identifier is the same in the first paging message of different access network devices.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The paging repeat identifier satisfies one of the following: Generated by core network equipment; The determination shall be made through negotiation among different access network devices.

14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein, The first indication information includes at least one of the following: Repeat the first paging message a certain number of times; The duration for which the first paging message is repeatedly sent; List of access network devices that sent the first paging message.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, Sending the first paging message to the terminal includes: The first paging message is repeatedly sent to the terminal according to the number of times and / or the duration.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein, The paging duplication identifiers in the first paging messages of different access network devices are different, with each access network device generating its own corresponding paging duplication identifier.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The first paging message includes the corresponding access network device identifier.

18. The method of any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein, The method further includes: The system receives a second indication message sent by the core network device, the second indication message being used to instruct the access network device to stop repeatedly sending the first paging message.

19. The method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein, Repeated paging messages include the same paging duplicate identifier.

20. A communication method performed by a core network device, the method comprising: Sending first indication information to at least one access network device, the first indication information being used to instruct the access network device to page a terminal, wherein the at least one access network device is used to send a first paging message to the terminal, the first paging message including information indicating whether the first paging message is a duplicate transmission.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The first paging message includes a paging duplicate identifier.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, The paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are the same.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The paging repeat identifier satisfies one of the following: Generated by core network equipment; The determination shall be made through negotiation among different access network devices.

24. The method of claim 22 or 23, wherein, The first indication information includes at least one of the following: Repeat the first paging message a certain number of times; The duration for which the first paging message is repeatedly sent; List of access network devices that sent the first paging message.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein, The paging duplicate identifiers in the first paging messages of the at least one access network device are different, wherein each access network device generates a corresponding paging duplicate identifier.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The first paging message includes the corresponding access network device identifier.

27. The method of any one of claims 20 to 26, wherein, The method further includes: Send a second indication message to the at least one access network device, the second indication message being used to instruct the access network device to stop repeatedly sending the first paging message.

28. The method of any one of claims 20 to 27, wherein, The first paging message is retransmitted if at least one of the following conditions is met: The paging duplication flag in the first paging message is the same as the paging duplication flag in the second paging message that the terminal has responded to; The access network device identifier in the first paging message is the same as the access network device identifier in the second paging message.

29. A communications device, comprising: The communication device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, any one of claims 10 to 19, or any one of claims 20 to 28.

30. A communication system, comprising a terminal, access network equipment, and core network equipment, wherein, The terminal is configured to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The access network device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 10 to 19. The core network device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 20 to 28.

31. A storage medium having stored thereon instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, any one of claims 10 to 19, or any one of claims 20 to 28. The program, at least one of the instructions, when executed by a communication device, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, any one of claims 10 to 19, or any one of claims 20 to 28.

32. A program product comprising at least one of a program, instructions, wherein, ​

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