A mine slope ecological restoration spray-seeding greening device

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydroseeding and greening device for ecological restoration of mine slopes, comprising a dry material storage and conveying area, a crushing and mixing area, a directional hydroseeding component, a pulse module, a flushing module, a reagent dispensing component, and a high-pressure pumping component. The dry material storage and conveying area is used to convey dry materials to the crushing and mixing area, and the two are connected by a screw conveyor. The reagent dispensing component is connected to the crushing and mixing area through corresponding pipe openings. This invention reduces the entry of agglomerates and fibrous entanglements into the hydroseeding channel and lowers the risk of blockage in bends and nozzles by pre-mixing, screening and crushing, mixing reagents, and filtering and pumping. At the same time, the elastic lining pulse deformation of the composite bend can loosen the pipe wall residue, and the float seal and internal flushing component of the integrated cleaning pipe facilitate shutdown flushing. The front-end pretreatment reduces the back-end cleaning load, and the back-end cleaning ensures continuous pumping and hydroseeding, thereby improving the continuity of operation and the convenience of maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydroseeding equipment technology, specifically a hydroseeding and greening device for ecological restoration of mine slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Mining processes create numerous exposed slopes. These slopes have loose soil and rock structures, poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, and lack vegetation cover, making them highly susceptible to soil erosion, landslides, and other ecological and environmental problems. Therefore, ecological restoration of mine slopes has become a core aspect of mine environmental governance.

[0003] Hydroseeding is currently the mainstream technology for ecological restoration of mine slopes. Its core is to mix dry materials, agents and water to form a hydroseeding mixture, which is then sprayed onto the slope surface through pipelines to form a vegetation growth substrate layer.

[0004] However, existing hydroseeding greening devices have many technical pain points in practical applications: First, the pipes of the directional hydroseeding components are prone to blockage due to the adhesion and solidification of the hydroseeding mixture. At the same time, the hydroseeding nozzle is in direct contact with the external environment, and external dust and slope soil debris can easily enter the pipes near the hydroseeding nozzle in reverse, combining with the mixture retained on the inner wall of the pipe, accelerating solidification and clumping. Existing cleaning methods mostly involve manual dredging or disassembling the pipes for cleaning, which is inefficient, labor-intensive, and prone to damaging the pipes with repeated disassembly and assembly, affecting the continuous operation of the device and even causing hydroseeding to be interrupted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem that existing technical solutions are too simplistic. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mine slope ecological restoration spraying and greening device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, which are that the spraying slurry easily causes pipe blockage, requiring manual dredging or disassembly and cleaning, resulting in low efficiency, damage to the sealing of pipe connections, and affecting the continuous operation of the device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A mine slope ecological restoration spraying and greening device includes a dry material storage and conveying area, a crushing and mixing area, a directional spraying component, a pulse module, a flushing module, a reagent dispensing component, and a high-pressure pumping component.

[0007] The dry material storage and conveying area is used to convey dry materials into the crushing and mixing area. The two are connected by a screw conveyor. The agent dispensing component is connected to the crushing and mixing area through a corresponding pipe and is used to convey agents into the crushing and mixing area.

[0008] The high-pressure pumping assembly includes a filter, a high-pressure pump, and a pump outlet control valve connected in sequence. The filter is connected between the discharge port of the crushing and mixing zone and the inlet of the high-pressure pump to intercept agglomerates or fiber entanglements in the sprayed slurry. The outlet of the high-pressure pump is connected to the feed end of the feed composite bend of the directional spraying assembly through the pump outlet control valve.

[0009] The directional spraying assembly includes a feed composite bend, a support base pipe, an discharge composite bend, and a fan-shaped nozzle connected in sequence. An integrated cleaning pipe is connected to the top of the support base pipe.

[0010] Both the feed composite bend and the discharge composite bend are equipped with an air inlet connector that communicates with the pulse module. The pulse module is used to input pulse gas into the sealed air chamber of the feed composite bend and the discharge composite bend, so as to cause the corresponding elastic lining to undergo radial deformation to peel off the residue on the pipe wall.

[0011] The flushing assembly includes a rigid main water inlet pipe, a corrugated compensator, and a self-rotating nozzle. One end of the rigid main water inlet pipe is connected to the main flushing pipe, and the other end is fixedly installed through the blind plate at the top of the integrated cleaning pipe and extends to the axial through hole of the upper base plate of the lifting carrier. The corrugated compensator is connected between the rigid main water inlet pipe and the self-rotating nozzle and is used to generate axial expansion and contraction compensation when the lifting carrier moves down along the guide rod. The self-rotating nozzle enters the internal flow channel of the support base pipe along with the lifting carrier.

[0012] Furthermore, the dry material storage and conveying area is equipped with a dry material premixing paddle for dry material premixing, and a detachably connected filter screen base at the bottom. The filter screen base is located above the feed end of the screw conveyor and is used to intercept large particle impurities before the dry material enters the screw conveyor.

[0013] Furthermore, the crushing and mixing zone includes a barrel body, a twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator disposed inside the barrel body, and a feed chute disposed on the top of the barrel body. The feed chute is provided with a screen plate and a crushing roller assembly from top to bottom.

[0014] The screen plate is movably mounted on the inner wall of the feed trough by a spring. The outer wall of the barrel is provided with a vibrating motor for driving the screen plate to vibrate. The crushing roller group includes multiple crushing rollers with a serrated surface. Adjacent crushing rollers are driven by a synchronous transmission component and form a gap between the rollers for the crushed dry material to pass through.

[0015] Furthermore, the directional spraying assembly also includes a drain pipe, which is located at one end of the feed composite bend near the outlet of the high-pressure pump. The drain pipe is equipped with a drain valve, which is used to discharge residual slurry and rinsing waste liquid from the directional spraying assembly during cleaning or shutdown.

[0016] Furthermore, the integrated cleaning tube is equipped with a lifting carrier, a float and a lead screw. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the blind plate at the top of the integrated cleaning tube. The lifting carrier includes an upper base plate and a lower base plate that are spaced apart. The flushing assembly is installed between the upper base plate and the lower base plate. The bottom end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the upper base plate of the lifting carrier.

[0017] A sealing ring is provided around the connection between the integrated cleaning tube and the support base tube. A limiting seat is provided inside the support base tube. The limiting seat is provided corresponding to the connection and extends from the bottom of the connection into the support base tube. A limiting cavity for accommodating the float is formed inside the limiting seat. The float is located in the limiting cavity and can float up and down along the axial direction of the connection.

[0018] The limiting seat is used to restrict the float from lateral displacement relative to the communication port. The side wall of the limiting seat forms a flow port that communicates with the internal flow channel of the supporting base tube. The integrated cleaning tube is also provided with a guide rod. The lifting carrier is provided with a guide hole that slides with the guide rod. The outer diameter of the lower base plate of the lifting carrier is smaller than the inner diameter of the communication port, so as to allow the lower base plate of the lifting carrier to pass through the communication port and correspond to the float.

[0019] Furthermore, the flushing module includes a water storage tank, a high-pressure flushing water pump, and a main flushing pipe. A flushing valve for controlling the flow of the flushing medium is provided between the high-pressure flushing water pump and the main flushing pipe. The main flushing pipe is connected to the flushing assembly.

[0020] The flushing assembly includes a rigid main water inlet pipe, a corrugated compensator, and a self-rotating nozzle. One end of the rigid main water inlet pipe is connected to the main flushing pipe, and the other end is fixedly installed through the blind plate at the top of the integrated cleaning pipe and extends to the axial through hole of the upper base plate of the lifting carrier. The corrugated compensator is connected between the rigid main water inlet pipe and the self-rotating nozzle and is used to generate axial expansion and contraction compensation when the lifting carrier moves down along the guide rod. The self-rotating nozzle enters the internal flow channel of the support base pipe along with the lifting carrier.

[0021] Furthermore, in the spraying state, the float is lifted along the limiting seat by the pressure and buoyancy of the slurry in the supporting base pipe and abuts against the sealing ring around the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe and the supporting base pipe, so as to isolate the internal flow channel of the supporting base pipe from the inner cavity of the integrated cleaning pipe.

[0022] In the cleaning state, the lead screw drives the lifting carrier to move downward. The lower base plate of the lifting carrier passes through the communication port and pushes the float down along the limiting seat, so that the float disengages from the sealing ring, thereby forming a clearance space between the integrated cleaning tube and the support base tube for the flushing component to extend into.

[0023] Furthermore, one end of the supporting base pipe is rotatably connected to a dynamic connection end, the discharge composite bend is connected to the dynamic connection end through a flange, a worm is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the supporting base pipe, and a worm wheel that meshes with the worm is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the discharge composite bend.

[0024] The worm gear is connected to the output shaft of the coded DC geared motor, and the coded DC geared motor is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to receive the coding feedback signal from the coded DC geared motor and control the coded DC geared motor to rotate forward or backward according to the preset number of coding pulses, so as to drive the discharge composite bend to swing back and forth within a set angle range through the worm gear and worm wheel.

[0025] Furthermore, the fan-shaped nozzle is provided with a diverter head at one end near the discharge composite bend. The diverter head is conical, with its small cone end facing the outlet direction of the fan-shaped nozzle. The conical surface of the diverter head is provided with multiple arc-shaped diverter grooves.

[0026] The maximum outer diameter of the diverter head is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge composite bend, so that an annular flow gap is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the diverter head and the inner wall of the discharge composite bend.

[0027] Furthermore, both the feed composite bend and the discharge composite bend include an outer metal pipe wall, an inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining, and a sealed air chamber located between the outer metal pipe wall and the inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining.

[0028] Both the infeed composite bend and the discharge composite bend are equipped with an air inlet connector, an exhaust regulating valve, and a pressure sensor that communicate with the sealed air chamber. The pulse module includes an air compressor, an air tank, and an electromagnetic pulse valve connected in sequence. The outlet of the electromagnetic pulse valve is connected to the air inlet connector on the infeed composite bend and the discharge composite bend respectively through a high-pressure air pipe, for inputting pulse gas into the corresponding sealed air chamber. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the corresponding sealed air chamber exceeds the set value, the exhaust regulating valve opens to release pressure.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, through the coordination of a dry material storage and conveying zone, a crushing and mixing zone, a reagent dispensing component, and a high-pressure pumping component, forms a continuous processing path from dry material premixing, screening and crushing, reagent mixing to pumping and spraying. The dry material initial mixing paddle and filter base can premix and initially intercept the dry material before it enters the crushing and mixing zone. The sieve plate, crushing roller group, and twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator can further reduce the entry of agglomerates or fibrous entanglements into the sprayed slurry. The filter, located between the outlet of the crushing and mixing zone and the inlet of the high-pressure pump, can further intercept the slurry before it enters the high-pressure pump and the directional spraying component. This improves the uniformity of the sprayed slurry and the pumping stability, reducing the risk of blockage caused by large-diameter agglomerates or entanglements entering bends and nozzles.

[0030] 2. This invention, through the combination of a feed composite bend, a discharge composite bend, a pulse module, an integrated cleaning pipe, and a flushing module, forms a cleaning structure targeting easily adhered areas of the spraying channel. The feed and discharge composite bends are equipped with sealed air chambers and elastic linings. When the pulse module inputs pulsed gas into the sealed air chambers, the elastic lining undergoes radial deformation, thereby disturbing and peeling off slurry residues adhering to the inner wall of the bends. The integrated cleaning pipe contains a lifting carrier, a float, a limiting seat, a sealing ring, and a flushing assembly. During spraying, the float engages with the sealing ring around the connecting port to reduce slurry backflow into the integrated cleaning pipe. During cleaning, the lifting carrier pushes the float downwards along the limiting seat, allowing the flushing assembly to enter the internal flow channel of the supporting base pipe for flushing. Therefore, maintenance of the spraying channel can be performed without frequent pipe disassembly, reducing downtime for cleaning.

[0031] 3. The aforementioned pretreatment and stabilizing pumping structure reduces agglomerates, hard debris, and fibrous entanglements entering the directional spraying components, alleviating blockage loads at bends, support pipes, and fan-shaped nozzles from the source. Meanwhile, the pulse stripping and internal flushing structure loosens and flushes residual slurry adhering to the inner wall of the spraying channel during shutdown or cleaning, preventing further accumulation of residues and ensuring they do not affect subsequent pumping and spraying. These two components work together to create a continuous connection between the formation, transport, spraying, and cleaning / maintenance of the spraying slurry, which is beneficial for the continuity of mine slope spraying operations and the convenience of equipment maintenance.

[0032] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dry material storage and conveying area structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing and mixing zone structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the directional spraying component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting base pipe and the discharge composite bend structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the integrated cleaning tube of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the feed composite bend of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 9This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the pulse module structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the flushing module structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the high-pressure pumping assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0034] Numbering on the map: 1. Dry material storage and conveying area; 11. Dry material initial mixing paddle; 13. Screw conveyor; 12. Filter screen base; 2. Crushing and mixing area; 21. Twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator; 22. Crushing roller assembly; 23. Screen plate; 3. Directional spraying assembly; 31. Feed composite bend; 32. Support base pipe; 321. Dynamic connection end; 322. Worm gear; 323. Encoded DC geared motor; 324. Controller; 33. Integrated cleaning pipe; 331. Lifting carrier; 332. Float; 333. Flushing assembly; 3331. Rigid main water inlet pipe; 3332. Corrugated compensator; 3333. Self-rotating nozzle; 334. Lead screw; 335. 336. Limiting seat; 337. Sealing ring; 338. Guide rod; 339. Limiting ring; 34. Discharge composite bend; 341. Diverter head; 342. Worm gear; 35. Sewage discharge short pipe; 36. Fan-shaped nozzle; 37. Air inlet connector; 38. Exhaust regulating valve; 39. Pressure sensor; 4. Pulse module; 41. Air compressor; 42. Air storage tank; 43. Electromagnetic pulse valve; 5. Flushing module; 51. Water storage tank; 52. High-pressure flushing water pump; 53. Main flushing pipe; 54. Flushing valve; 6. Chemical dispensing assembly; 7. High-pressure pumping assembly; 71. Filter; 72. High-pressure pump; 73. Pump outlet control valve; 74. Sewage discharge valve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0037] Please refer to the appendix carefully. Figure 1-12A mine slope ecological restoration spraying and greening device includes a dry material storage and conveying area 1, a crushing and mixing area 2, a directional spraying component 3, a pulse module 4, a flushing module 5, a reagent dispensing component 6, and a high-pressure pumping component 7.

[0038] The dry material storage and conveying area 1 is used to convey dry materials into the crushing and mixing area 2. The two are connected by a screw conveyor 13. The reagent dispensing component 6 is connected to the crushing and mixing area 2 through a corresponding pipe and is used to convey reagents into the crushing and mixing area 2.

[0039] The high-pressure pumping assembly 7 includes a filter 71, a high-pressure pump 72, and a pump outlet control valve 73 connected in sequence. The filter 71 is connected between the discharge port of the crushing and mixing zone 2 and the inlet of the high-pressure pump 72 to intercept agglomerates or fiber entanglements in the sprayed slurry. The outlet of the high-pressure pump 72 is connected to the feed end of the feed composite bend 31 of the directional spraying assembly 3 through the pump outlet control valve 73.

[0040] The directional spraying component 3 includes a feed composite bend 31, a support base pipe 32, a discharge composite bend 34 and a fan-shaped nozzle 36 connected in sequence. An integrated cleaning pipe 33 is connected to the top of the support base pipe 32.

[0041] Both the feed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34 are equipped with air inlet connectors that communicate with the pulse module 4. The pulse module 4 is used to input pulse gas into the sealed air chambers of the feed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34, so that the corresponding elastic lining undergoes radial deformation to peel off the pipe wall residue.

[0042] The flushing module 5 is connected to the flushing component 333 in the integrated cleaning pipe 33. The integrated cleaning pipe 33 is equipped with a float 332 for blocking the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe 33 and the support base pipe 32 in the spraying state. In the cleaning state, the flushing component 333 is driven into the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32 by the lifting carrier 331.

[0043] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dry material storage and conveying area 1 is equipped with a dry material premixing paddle 11 for premixing dry materials, and a detachably connected filter base 12 at the bottom. The filter base 12 is located above the feed end of the screw conveyor 13 and is used to intercept large particle impurities before the dry material enters the screw conveyor 13. The discharge end of the screw conveyor 13 is connected to the feed trough of the crushing and mixing area 2 and is used to continuously convey the dry material intercepted by the filter base 12 to the screen plate 23.

[0044] Through the above structure, the dry material initial mixing paddle 11 adopts a dual mixing structure with a central stirring rod and double-layer reverse spiral blades, which makes the dry material matrix in the bin generate axial tumbling and cross convection while rotating horizontally, which greatly improves the premixing uniformity of soil, grass seeds and fibers; together with the bottom detachable filter screen base 12, it can not only intercept the material before it enters the screw conveyor 13, but its detachable structure also makes it easier to clean quickly every day, ensuring the continuity of the dry material conveying process.

[0045] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the crushing and mixing zone 2 includes a barrel body, a twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator 21 disposed inside the barrel body, and a feed chute disposed on the top of the barrel body. A screen plate 23 and a crushing roller group 22 are disposed from top to bottom in the feed chute.

[0046] The screen plate 23 is movably installed on the inner wall of the feed trough by a spring. The outer wall of the barrel is equipped with a vibrating motor for driving the screen plate 23 to vibrate. The crushing roller group 22 includes multiple crushing rollers with a serrated surface. Adjacent crushing rollers are driven by a synchronous transmission component and form a gap between the rollers for the crushed dry material to pass through.

[0047] With the above structure, an elastic vibrating screen plate 23 is set at the top of the crushing and mixing zone 2, and a crushing roller group 22 with a serrated structure is arranged below the screen plate 23. This allows the dry material before entering the barrel to be screened by vibration to remove large-diameter impurities and loose surface agglomerates. Then, the crushing roller group 22 squeezes, shears, and tears the agglomerates or fibrous entanglements that have not passed the screening at the gap between the rollers. This allows the material to be homogenized in particle size and broken up before entering the barrel. Subsequently, the dry material with a relatively uniform particle size enters the action area of ​​the twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator 21, where it forms a more thorough shearing and mixing with the agent. This reduces the possibility of large pieces of material directly entering the mixing barrel and enveloping the agent, forming wet clumps, or clogging the spraying channel. This improves the uniformity and pumpability stability of the spraying slurry from the source.

[0048] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, the directional spraying assembly 3 also includes a drain pipe 35, which is located at one end of the feed composite bend 31 near the outlet of the high-pressure pump 72. The drain pipe 35 is equipped with a drain valve 74, which is used to discharge residual slurry and rinsing waste liquid in the directional spraying assembly 3 during cleaning or shutdown.

[0049] Through the above structure, by utilizing the adjacent positional relationship between the outlet side of the high-pressure pump 72 and the inlet side of the feed composite bend 31, the slurry that is still fluid in the spraying channel can be discharged in time before it enters the deep part of the bend and solidifies. At the same time, it provides a pressure relief and waste discharge channel for subsequent pulse stripping and high-pressure flushing, reducing the probability of residual slurry remaining and depositing in the feed composite bend 31, the support base pipe 32 and the discharge composite bend 34.

[0050] Preferably, the reagent dispensing assembly 6 includes a reagent tank, a metering pump, a reagent delivery pipe, a flow regulating valve, and a check valve. One end of the reagent delivery pipe is connected to the reagent tank, and the other end is connected to the reagent inlet on the top or side wall of the crushing and mixing zone 2. The metering pump is used to deliver the reagent or water-pharmaceutical mixture to the crushing and mixing zone 2 at a preset flow rate. Both the reagent dispensing assembly 6 and the screw conveyor 13 are existing and commonly used technologies; their specific structural connections and details will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, the integrated cleaning tube 33 is equipped with a lifting carrier 331, a float 332 and a lead screw 334. The lead screw 334 is threadedly connected to the blind plate at the top of the integrated cleaning tube 33. The lifting carrier 331 includes an upper base plate and a lower base plate that are spaced apart. The rinsing assembly 333 is installed between the upper base plate and the lower base plate. The bottom end of the lead screw 334 is rotatably connected to the upper base plate of the lifting carrier 331.

[0052] A sealing ring 336 is provided around the connection between the integrated cleaning tube 33 and the support base tube 32. A limiting seat 335 is provided inside the support base tube 32. The limiting seat 335 is provided corresponding to the connection and extends from the bottom of the connection to the inside of the support base tube 32. A limiting cavity is formed inside the limiting seat 335 to accommodate the float 332. The float 332 is located in the limiting cavity and can float up and down along the axial direction of the connection.

[0053] The limiting seat 335 is used to limit the lateral displacement of the float 332 relative to the communication port. The side wall of the limiting seat 335 forms a flow port with the internal flow channel of the support base tube 32. The integrated cleaning tube 33 is also provided with a guide rod 337. The lifting carrier 331 is provided with a guide hole that slides with the guide rod 337. The outer diameter of the lower plate of the lifting carrier 331 is smaller than the inner diameter of the communication port so as to allow the lower plate of the lifting carrier 331 to pass through the communication port and correspond to the float 332.

[0054] The above structure allows for switching between sealing and isolation during spraying and internal flushing after shutdown within the same pipe section, which helps reduce the risk of blockage in the cleaning branch pipes and improves the convenience of maintenance during spraying channel shutdown.

[0055] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 6 and Figure 10 The flushing module 5 includes a water storage tank 51, a high-pressure flushing water pump 52 and a main flushing pipe 53. A flushing valve 54 for controlling the flow of the flushing medium is provided between the high-pressure flushing water pump 52 and the main flushing pipe 53. The main flushing pipe 53 is connected to the flushing assembly 333. The rinsing assembly 333 includes a rigid main water inlet pipe 3331, a corrugated compensator 3332, and a self-rotating nozzle 3333. One end of the rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 is connected to the main rinsing pipe 53, and the other end is fixedly installed through the blind plate at the top of the integrated cleaning pipe 33 and extends to the axial through hole of the upper base plate of the lifting carrier 331. The corrugated compensator 3332 is connected between the rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 and the self-rotating nozzle 3333 and is used to generate axial expansion and contraction compensation when the lifting carrier 331 moves down along the guide rod 337. The self-rotating nozzle 3333 enters the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32 along with the lifting carrier 331.

[0056] The corrugated compensator 3332 can be formed using a flexible connecting pipe or a corrugated pipe.

[0057] With the above structure, the flushing module 5 does not simply connect the flushing water directly to the integrated cleaning pipe 33. Instead, it uses the fixed rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 to form a stable water supply reference. Then, it connects to the self-rotating nozzle 3333, which can move down with the lifting carrier 331, through the corrugated compensator 3332. Thus, when the lifting carrier 331 drives the self-rotating nozzle 3333 into the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32, the corrugated compensator 3332 can absorb the axial relative displacement between the rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 and the self-rotating nozzle 3333. When the flushing medium is sprayed out, it generates a tangential reaction force. Combined with the swirling cavity and eccentric spray hole inside the self-rotating nozzle 3333, the self-rotating nozzle 3333 will rotate and flush inside the support base pipe 32. Thus, the flushing component 333 can enter the main flow channel without affecting the sealing of the fixed water supply structure and perform close-range rotating flushing of the pipe wall residue.

[0058] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, in the spraying state, the float 332 floats up along the limiting seat 335 under the action of the slurry pressure and buoyancy in the supporting base pipe 32, and abuts against the sealing ring 336 around the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe 33 and the supporting base pipe 32, so as to isolate the internal flow channel of the supporting base pipe 32 from the inner cavity of the integrated cleaning pipe 33.

[0059] In the cleaning state, the lead screw 334 drives the lifting carrier 331 to move down. The lower base plate of the lifting carrier 331 passes through the communication port and pushes the float 332 down along the limiting seat 335, so that the float 332 is separated from the sealing ring 336, thereby forming a clearance space between the integrated cleaning tube 33 and the support base tube 32 for the flushing component 333 to extend into.

[0060] With the above structure, in the spraying state, the slurry pressure and buoyancy inside the support base pipe 32 push the float 332 upward along the limiting seat 335, causing the float 332 to abut against the sealing ring 336 around the connecting port, thereby reducing the possibility of spraying slurry entering the integrated cleaning pipe 33. In the cleaning state, the operator rotates the lead screw 334, which drives the lifting carrier 331 downward. The lower base plate of the lifting carrier 331 passes through the connecting port and pushes the float 332 downward along the limiting seat 335, causing the float 332 to disengage from the sealing ring 336. After the connecting port opens, the flushing component 333 can enter the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32 through the connecting port.

[0061] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 5 As shown, one end of the support base pipe 32 is rotatably connected to the dynamic connection end 321, the discharge composite bend pipe 34 is connected to the dynamic connection end 321 through a flange, the outer wall of the support base pipe 32 is rotatably connected to the worm gear 322, and the outer wall of the discharge composite bend pipe 34 is coaxially fixed with the worm wheel 342 that meshes with the worm gear 322.

[0062] The worm gear 322 is connected to the output shaft of the encoder DC geared motor 323. The encoder DC geared motor 323 is electrically connected to the controller 324. The controller 324 is used to receive the encoding feedback signal of the encoder DC geared motor 323 and control the encoder DC geared motor 323 to rotate forward or backward according to the preset number of encoding pulses, so as to drive the discharge composite bend 34 to reciprocate within a set angle range through the worm gear 322 and the worm wheel 342.

[0063] With the above structure, the discharge composite bend 34 is not fixedly connected to the support base pipe 32, but forms a relatively rotatable spraying end through the dynamic connection end 321. The rotation output by the coded DC geared motor 323 is transmitted through the worm 322 and worm wheel 342, which can be converted into a low-speed angular oscillation of the discharge composite bend 34. At the same time, with the transmission characteristics of the worm 322 and worm wheel 342, the risk of spraying direction deviation caused by the reaction force of the spraying slurry can be reduced. The controller 324 controls the forward and reverse rotation of the coded DC geared motor 323 according to the coded feedback signal and the preset coded pulse number, so that the discharge composite bend 34 oscillates back and forth within the set angle range. In this way, while reducing manual support and repeated adjustments, the fan-shaped nozzle 36 can cover the slope surface within a predetermined range, which is beneficial to the continuity and uniformity of spraying coverage.

[0064] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 5As shown, a diverter head 341 is provided at one end of the fan-shaped nozzle 36 near the discharge composite bend 34. The diverter head 341 is conical, with its small cone end facing the outlet direction of the fan-shaped nozzle 36. The conical surface of the diverter head 341 is provided with multiple arc-shaped diverter grooves.

[0065] The maximum outer diameter of the diverter head 341 is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge composite bend 34, so that an annular flow gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the diverter head 341 and the inner wall of the discharge composite bend 34.

[0066] With the above structure, a conical diverter head 341 is set at one end of the fan-shaped nozzle 36 near the discharge composite bend 34, with the small conical end of the diverter head 341 facing the nozzle outlet. Before entering the fan-shaped nozzle 36, the sprayed slurry will be guided by the conical surface and dispersed to the outer periphery. At the same time, the arc-shaped diverter groove on the conical surface of the diverter head 341 can divert, disturb and shear the agglomerates or fiber entanglements in the slurry. The annular flow gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the diverter head 341 and the inner wall of the discharge composite bend 34 provides a continuous flow channel for the slurry. Thus, the slurry is dispersed and pre-broken before entering the nozzle, which helps to reduce the probability of local accumulation of agglomerates at the nozzle inlet and improves the uniformity of the slurry sprayed from the fan-shaped nozzle 36.

[0067] Preferred options are shown in the appendix. Figure 7 As shown, both the feed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34 include an outer metal pipe wall, an inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining, and a sealing air chamber located between the outer metal pipe wall and the inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining.

[0068] Both the infeed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34 are equipped with an air inlet connector 37, an exhaust regulating valve 38, and a pressure sensor 39 that communicate with the sealed air chamber. The pulse module 4 includes an air compressor 41, an air tank 42, and an electromagnetic pulse valve 43 connected in sequence. The outlet of the electromagnetic pulse valve 43 is connected to the air inlet connector 37 on the infeed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34 through a high-pressure air pipe, which is used to input pulse gas into the corresponding sealed air chamber. When the pressure sensor 39 detects that the pressure in the corresponding sealed air chamber exceeds the set value, the exhaust regulating valve 38 opens to release pressure.

[0069] With the above structure, the infeed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34 do not rely on external water flow to directly flush the pipe wall. Instead, they utilize the outer metal pipe wall to form a pressure-bearing support, and the sealed air chamber between the inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining and the outer metal pipe wall to form a pressure-deformable area. When the pulse module 4 inputs pulse gas into the sealed air chamber, the elastic lining undergoes radial deformation and reset movement under air pressure, causing the slurry residue adhering to the inner wall of the bend to be periodically disturbed and loosened. Subsequently, with the help of the flushing module 5 for water flushing, the loosened residue can be more easily carried out of the spraying channel. The pressure sensor 39 and the exhaust regulating valve 38 can monitor and release the pressure in the sealed air chamber, reducing the risk of excessive deformation of the elastic lining due to overpressure. This improves the cleaning effect of the bend while ensuring the stability of the composite bend in use.

[0070] The specific operation process of this invention is as follows: It should be noted that the mine slope ecological restoration spraying greening device can be integrated and installed on a tracked mobile chassis, utilizing the off-road performance of the chassis to adapt to the complex slope terrain of the mine, or, after integrating the various functional components through a frame, it can be installed on the load-bearing platform of an off-road truck or engineering trailer, thereby realizing long-distance, cross-regional mobile spraying operations.

[0071] The dry material is first initially mixed in the dry material storage and conveying area 1 by the dry material initial mixing paddle 11, and after large particles of impurities are intercepted by the filter screen base 12, it is sent into the crushing and mixing area 2 by the screw conveyor 13. After the dry material entering the crushing and mixing area 2 is sorted by the screen plate 23, the agglomerates or fibrous entanglements are crushed and loosened by the crushing roller group 22, and then mixed with the agent under the action of the twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator 21 to form the spraying slurry.

[0072] During hydroseeding, the hydroseeding slurry flows out from the discharge port of the crushing and mixing zone 2, passes through the filter 71, and enters the high-pressure pump 72. The filter 71 is used to intercept agglomerates or fibrous entanglements before the hydroseeding slurry enters the high-pressure pump 72. The high-pressure pump 72 sends the hydroseeding slurry into the feed composite bend 31 via the pump outlet control valve 73. Subsequently, the hydroseeding slurry flows sequentially through the feed composite bend 31, the support base pipe 32, the discharge composite bend 34, and the fan-shaped nozzle 36, and is sprayed onto the surface of the mine slope by the fan-shaped nozzle 36.

[0073] During the spraying process, the float 332 is pressed against the sealing ring 336 by the pressure and buoyancy of the slurry in the support base pipe 32, so as to block the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe 33 and the support base pipe 32 and reduce the amount of sprayed slurry entering the integrated cleaning pipe 33.

[0074] Preferably, a limiting ring 338 is provided on the inner circumference of the upper end of the limiting seat 335. The limiting ring 338 is located below the sealing ring 336 and is used to restrict the float 332 from moving upward out of the limiting cavity of the limiting seat 335.

[0075] The limiting ring 338 is used to limit the float 332 from moving upward away from the mating area of ​​the limiting seat 335. The guide rod 337 cooperates with the upper lead screw 334 to guide the lifting carrier 331 to move up and down along the axis of the integrated cleaning tube 33 and limit its lateral displacement.

[0076] When the spraying direction needs to be adjusted, the controller 324 controls the coded DC geared motor 323 to rotate forward or backward according to the coded feedback signal of the coded DC geared motor 323. The coded DC geared motor 323 drives the worm gear 322 to rotate, and the worm gear 322 drives the discharge composite bend pipe 34 to swing relative to the support base pipe 32 with the dynamic connection end 321, so that the fan-shaped nozzle 36 changes the spraying direction within the set angle range. Before entering the fan-shaped nozzle 36, the sprayed slurry is dispersed by the arc-shaped diversion groove of the diversion head 341 and the annular flow gap on its outer periphery before being sprayed out.

[0077] When the operation is completed or when the machine needs to be stopped for cleaning, first close the pump outlet control valve 73 and open the drain valve 74 so that the residual slurry that is still fluid in the directional spraying component 3 can be discharged through the drain short pipe 35 to reduce the residual pressure in the support base pipe 32, the feed composite bend pipe 31 and the discharge composite bend pipe 34.

[0078] Subsequently, before the flushing component 333 enters the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32, the pulse module 4 is activated. The air compressor 41 supplies air to the air storage tank 42. When the electromagnetic pulse valve 43 is opened, the pulse gas enters the sealed air chamber of the feed composite bend 31 and the discharge composite bend 34 through the air inlet connector 37, causing the corresponding elastic lining to undergo radial deformation and reset movement, thereby disturbing and peeling off the slurry residues attached to the inner wall of the bend. When the pressure sensor 39 detects that the pressure in the sealed air chamber exceeds the set value, the exhaust regulating valve 38 opens to release pressure.

[0079] After pulse stripping is completed, the lead screw 334 is rotated, causing the lifting carrier 331 to move downwards along the guide rod 337. The lower base plate of the lifting carrier 331 passes through the connection port between the integrated cleaning tube 33 and the support base tube 32, and pushes the float 332 in the limiting seat 335 downwards, causing the float 332 to disengage from the sealing ring 336 around the connection port. Since the float 332 is restricted to the position of the corresponding connection port by the limiting seat 335, the float 332 is not prone to lateral displacement during its downward movement; as the connection port opens, the flushing assembly 333 enters the internal flow channel of the support base tube 32.

[0080] Then the flushing module 5 is started. The flushing medium in the water storage tank 51 is pressurized by the high-pressure flushing water pump 52 and enters the rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 through the main flushing pipe 53.

[0081] When the lifting carrier 331 moves downward under the action of the lead screw 334, the self-rotating nozzle 3333 enters the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32 along with the lifting carrier 331. The corrugated compensator 3332 extends axially as the lifting carrier 331 moves downward to compensate for the relative displacement between the rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 and the self-rotating nozzle 3333.

[0082] After the flushing medium enters the self-rotating nozzle 3333 through the rigid main water inlet pipe 3331 and the corrugated compensator 3332, the self-rotating nozzle 3333 performs a rotating flushing of the internal flow channel of the support base pipe 32 to remove the residue that has been loosened by the pulse action.

[0083] The waste liquid generated during rinsing can be discharged through the short drain pipe 35, or through the fan-shaped nozzle 36 when the discharge composite bend pipe 34 is adjusted to a position conducive to drainage. After rinsing is completed, the rinsing valve 54 and the high-pressure rinsing water pump 52 are closed, and the screw 334 is rotated in the reverse direction to move the lifting carrier 331 upward and drive the rinsing assembly 333 out of the support base pipe 32. The float ball 332 re-engages with the sealing ring 336 to restore the sealing state of the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe 33 and the support base pipe 32.

[0084] The present invention has been described by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydroseeding and greening device for ecological restoration of mine slopes, characterized in that: It includes a dry material storage and conveying area (1), a crushing and mixing area (2), a directional spraying component (3), a pulse module (4), a flushing module (5), a reagent dispensing component (6), and a high-pressure pumping component (7). The dry material storage and conveying area (1) is used to convey dry materials into the crushing and mixing area (2), and the two are connected by a screw conveyor (13). The agent dispensing component (6) is connected to the crushing and mixing area (2) through a corresponding pipe and is used to convey agents into the crushing and mixing area (2). The high-pressure pumping assembly (7) includes a filter (71), a high-pressure pump (72), and a pump outlet control valve (73) connected in sequence. The filter (71) is connected between the discharge port of the crushing and mixing zone (2) and the inlet of the high-pressure pump (72) to intercept agglomerates or fiber entanglements in the sprayed slurry. The outlet of the high-pressure pump (72) is connected to the feed end of the feed composite bend (31) of the directional spraying assembly (3) through the pump outlet control valve (73). Both the feed composite bend (31) and the discharge composite bend (34) are provided with an air inlet connector that communicates with the pulse module (4). The pulse module (4) is used to input pulse gas into the sealed air chamber of the feed composite bend (31) and the discharge composite bend (34) to cause the corresponding elastic lining to undergo radial deformation in order to peel off the pipe wall residue. The flushing module (5) is connected to the flushing component (333) in the integrated cleaning pipe (33). The integrated cleaning pipe (33) is equipped with a float (332) for blocking the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe (33) and the support base pipe (32) in the spraying state, and in the cleaning state, the flushing component (333) is driven into the internal flow channel of the support base pipe (32) by the lifting carrier (331).

2. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding and greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry material storage and conveying area (1) is equipped with a dry material premixing paddle (11) for dry material premixing, and a detachable filter base (12) is provided at the bottom. The filter base (12) is located above the feed end of the screw conveyor (13) and is used to intercept large particle impurities before the dry material enters the screw conveyor (13).

3. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing and mixing zone (2) includes a barrel, a twin-shaft counter-rotating agitator (21) disposed inside the barrel, and a feed chute disposed on the top of the barrel. The feed chute is provided with a screen plate (23) and a crushing roller group (22) from top to bottom. The screen plate (23) is movably installed on the inner wall of the feed trough by a spring. The outer wall of the barrel is provided with a vibration motor for driving the screen plate (23) to vibrate. The crushing roller group (22) includes multiple crushing rollers with a sawtooth structure on the surface. Adjacent crushing rollers are driven by a synchronous transmission component and form a roller gap for the crushed dry material to pass through.

4. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional spraying assembly (3) also includes a drain pipe (35), which is located at one end of the feed composite bend (31) near the outlet of the high-pressure pump (72). The drain pipe (35) is equipped with a drain valve (74), which is used to discharge residual slurry and rinsing waste liquid in the directional spraying assembly (3) during cleaning or shutdown.

5. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding and greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated cleaning tube (33) is provided with a lifting carrier (331), a float (332) and a lead screw (334). The lead screw (334) is threadedly connected to the blind plate at the top of the integrated cleaning tube (33). The lifting carrier (331) includes an upper base plate and a lower base plate that are spaced apart. The flushing assembly (333) is installed between the upper base plate and the lower base plate. The bottom end of the lead screw (334) is rotatably connected to the upper base plate of the lifting carrier (331). A sealing ring (336) is provided around the connection between the integrated cleaning tube (33) and the support base tube (32). A limiting seat (335) is provided inside the support base tube (32). The limiting seat (335) is provided corresponding to the connection and extends from the bottom of the connection to the inside of the support base tube (32). A limiting cavity for accommodating the float (332) is formed inside the limiting seat (335). The float (332) is located in the limiting cavity and can float up and down along the axial direction of the connection. The limiting seat (335) is used to limit the lateral displacement of the float (332) relative to the communication port. The side wall of the limiting seat (335) forms a flow port with the internal flow channel of the support base tube (32). The integrated cleaning tube (33) is also provided with a guide rod (337). The lifting carrier (331) is provided with a guide hole that slides with the guide rod (337). The outer diameter of the lower plate of the lifting carrier (331) is smaller than the inner diameter of the communication port so as to allow the lower plate of the lifting carrier (331) to pass through the communication port and correspond to the float (332).

6. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding and greening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flushing module (5) includes a water storage tank (51), a high-pressure flushing water pump (52) and a main flushing pipe (53). A flushing valve (54) for controlling the flow of the flushing medium is provided between the high-pressure flushing water pump (52) and the main flushing pipe (53). The main flushing pipe (53) is connected to the flushing assembly (333). The flushing assembly (333) includes a rigid main water inlet pipe (3331), a corrugated compensator (3332), and a self-rotating nozzle (3333). One end of the rigid main water inlet pipe (3331) is connected to the main flushing pipe (53), and the other end is fixedly installed on the top blind plate of the integrated cleaning pipe (33) and extends to the axial through hole of the upper base plate of the lifting carrier (331). The corrugated compensator (3332) is connected between the rigid main water inlet pipe (3331) and the self-rotating nozzle (3333) and is used to generate axial expansion and contraction compensation when the lifting carrier (331) moves down along the guide rod (337). The self-rotating nozzle (3333) enters the internal flow channel of the support base pipe (32) along with the lifting carrier (331).

7. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding and greening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the spraying state, the float (332) floats up along the limiting seat (335) under the action of the slurry pressure and buoyancy in the supporting base pipe (32) and abuts against the sealing ring (336) around the connection between the integrated cleaning pipe (33) and the supporting base pipe (32) to isolate the internal flow channel of the supporting base pipe (32) from the inner cavity of the integrated cleaning pipe (33); In the cleaning state, the lead screw (334) drives the lifting carrier (331) to move down. The lower base plate of the lifting carrier (331) passes through the communication port and pushes the float (332) down along the limiting seat (335), so that the float (332) is separated from the sealing ring (336), thereby forming a clearance space between the integrated cleaning tube (33) and the support base tube (32) for the flushing assembly (333) to extend into.

8. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding and greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the support base pipe (32) is rotatably connected to a dynamic connection end (321), the discharge composite bend pipe (34) is connected to the dynamic connection end (321) through a flange, a worm gear (322) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support base pipe (32), and a worm wheel (342) that meshes with the worm gear (322) is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the discharge composite bend pipe (34). The worm (322) is connected to the output shaft of the coded DC geared motor (323). The coded DC geared motor (323) is electrically connected to the controller (324). The controller (324) is used to receive the coded feedback signal from the coded DC geared motor (323) and control the coded DC geared motor (323) to rotate forward or backward according to the preset number of coded pulses, so as to drive the discharge composite bend (34) to swing back and forth within a set angle range through the worm (322) and worm wheel (342).

9. The mine slope ecological restoration hydroseeding greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped nozzle (36) is provided with a diverter head (341) at one end near the discharge composite bend (34). The diverter head (341) is conical, with its small cone end facing the outlet direction of the fan-shaped nozzle (36). The cone surface of the diverter head (341) is provided with multiple arc-shaped diverter grooves. The maximum outer diameter of the diverter head (341) is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge composite bend (34), so that an annular flow gap is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the diverter head (341) and the inner wall of the discharge composite bend (34).

10. A hydroseeding and greening device for ecological restoration of mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed composite bend (31) and the discharge composite bend (34) both include an outer metal pipe wall, an inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining, and a sealed air chamber located between the outer metal pipe wall and the inner wear-resistant rubber elastic lining. Both the feed composite bend (31) and the discharge composite bend (34) are equipped with an air inlet connector (37), an exhaust regulating valve (38), and a pressure sensor (39) that are connected to the sealed air chamber. The pulse module (4) includes an air compressor (41), an air tank (42), and an electromagnetic pulse valve (43) connected in sequence. The outlet of the electromagnetic pulse valve (43) is connected to the air inlet connector (37) on the feed composite bend (31) and the discharge composite bend (34) respectively through a high-pressure air pipe, and is used to input pulse gas into the corresponding sealed air chamber. When the pressure sensor (39) detects that the pressure in the corresponding sealed air chamber exceeds the set value, the exhaust regulating valve (38) opens to release pressure.

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