A spiral trenching deep variable fertilizer application device for agriculture

Abstract

This application relates to an agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device, belonging to the technical field of fertilization equipment. The deep variable fertilization device includes: a mobile carrier; a lifting component, a fertilizer supply component, and an intelligent control box are sequentially arranged on the top of the mobile carrier; a spiral trenching component is arranged at the movable end of the lifting component; and a fertilization component is arranged in the middle of the spiral trenching component. The spiral trenching component includes a follower bracket and a displacement frame fixedly connected to the lifting component. The follower bracket and the motor-driven displacement frame form a vertical moving pair. The spiral trenching component includes a motor-driven spiral trenching cutter mounted on the lower part of the displacement frame. Using this device, the fertilizer filling amount and the drilling depth of the spiral trenching cutter can be directly linked, achieving dynamic matching between trenching depth and fertilizer application, completely breaking the cumbersome process of traditional trenching and fertilization operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fertilization equipment technology, and in particular to an agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device. Background Technology

[0002] As those skilled in the art know, trenching is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task in orchard fertilization. Currently, in addition to manual digging with hoes, specialized trenching machines are being used to dig rectangular trenches along the tree rows before pouring in fertilizer. However, these machines suffer from drawbacks such as easy engine stalling, difficulty in controlling trench depth, and the need to move the entire machine to adjust the trench position. Furthermore, they cannot simultaneously dig trenches and apply fertilizer, still requiring manual labor and remaining time-consuming and labor-intensive. Additionally, some orchards use injection fertilization, but this method suffers from reliability issues such as high requirements for systemic fertilizers, backflow of the fertilizer solution, and leakage, which can cause damage to the trees.

[0003] Studies have shown that the optimal root zone for fertilizer absorption in fruit trees is related to the tree diameter; the larger the diameter, the larger the root zone for fertilizer absorption. Traditional fertilization techniques are not only inefficient and cannot achieve one-time operation, but also suffer from low efficiency. Chinese Patent Application No. 201510665050.6 discloses a target-variable circular trenching fertilization device for orchards, including a hydraulic transmission system, a circular trenching fertilization device, a sensor detection system, and a controller. The hydraulic transmission system drives the circular trenching fertilization device to move the trenching shovel along the trenching trajectory. The circular trenching fertilization device performs semi-circular trenching, fertilizer amount control, and soil covering for the target fruit tree. The sensor detection system acquires information on the fertilizer's travel speed, the relative position of the fruit tree and the fertilizer, and the width of the tree canopy. The controller sets the fertilizer discharge information for each fruit tree, processes the detection information from the sensor detection system, calculates the trenching trajectory and fertilizer discharge rate, and controls the circular trenching fertilization device to perform circular trenching along the trenching trajectory and uniformly apply fertilizer along the circular trench. However, this technical solution is mainly applicable to fruit trees with similar growth in orchards. It cannot continuously and precisely fertilize fruit trees of different diameters, and it does not determine the optimal root zone for fertilizer absorption by taking into account the driving speed, the relative position of the fruit tree and the fertilizer applicator, and the width of the tree canopy. Therefore, it cannot achieve deeper fertilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device to address the above-mentioned technical problems. The device includes a mobile carrier, on the top of which a lifting component, a fertilizer supply component, and an intelligent control box are arranged in sequence. A spiral trenching component is arranged at the movable end of the lifting component, and a fertilization component is arranged in the middle of the spiral trenching component. The spiral grooving assembly includes a follower bracket and a displacement frame that are fixedly connected to the lifting assembly. The follower bracket and the motor-driven displacement frame form a vertical moving pair. The spiral grooving assembly includes a motor-driven spiral grooving cutter mounted on the lower part of the displacement frame. The fertilizer application component includes a storage pipe fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the follow-up support. A delivery conduit is provided at the bottom of one side of the storage pipe, and the other end of the delivery conduit is connected to the fertilizer supply component. The lifting assembly is equipped with sensor groups on the front and rear sides of its top for detecting tree diameter, distance to the tree machine, and location information of the fruit tree root zone. The intelligent control box is equipped with an intelligent control chip, and the signal output terminals of multiple sensors in the sensor group are respectively connected to the corresponding input terminals of the intelligent control chip in the intelligent control box.

[0005] Preferably, the mobile vehicle is a tracked trolley, and a soil covering mechanism is provided on the other side of the mobile vehicle (1) as needed. The lifting assembly includes a fixed bracket fixedly installed at one end of the top of the mobile vehicle. A first motor is provided at the top center of the fixed bracket, and a lifting screw is provided at the center inside the fixed bracket. A lifting frame is slidably provided on the side of the fixed bracket. The output end of the first motor is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting screw. A threaded sleeve is provided at the center of the lifting frame. The lifting screw is threadedly connected to the center of the threaded sleeve. The follower bracket of the spiral trenching assembly is fixedly installed at the center of one side of the lifting frame.

[0006] Preferably, the fixed bracket has slide rails on both the front and rear sides of one side, and the lifting frame has sliders at both the front and rear ends of the other side. The lifting frame is slidably connected to the fixed bracket through the sliders and slide rails, and the two sensor groups are arranged on both sides of the first motor.

[0007] Preferably, a second motor is provided at the top of the follower bracket, a limit frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the follower bracket, a drive screw is rotatably connected inside the follower bracket, a displacement frame is slidably connected inside the follower bracket, the output end of the second motor is fixedly installed at the top of the drive screw, the drive screw is threadedly connected to the middle of the displacement frame, a drive motor is provided at the top of the displacement frame, the output end of the drive motor is fixedly installed at the top of the spiral grooving cutter, and the storage tube is fixedly installed at the middle of one side of the follower bracket.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting frame is a semi-circular arc frame, the spiral grooving cutter is coaxially arranged with the limiting frame, the follower bracket is provided with guide slide rods located on the front and rear sides of the storage tube, the front and rear sides of the displacement frame are slidably connected to the guide slide rods, and the top of the storage tube is flush with the top of the follower bracket.

[0009] Preferably, a gate is provided at the bottom of the storage tube, and a servo motor is provided at the bottom of the follower bracket on one side of the storage tube. The output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the gate. A guide groove facing the spiral grooving cutter is integrally provided at the bottom of the storage tube. A feed guide is provided on the side of the storage tube above the gate. One end of the feed guide is fixedly installed at the top of the feed guide. The rotatable connection between the gate and the storage tube is located outside the storage tube.

[0010] Preferably, a lifting rod is slidably connected to the top of the storage tube, a guide protrusion is integrally provided on the top of the inside of the storage tube, guide grooves are provided on the front and rear sides of the lifting rod, a connecting rope is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide groove, the guide protrusion is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove, the other end of the connecting rope is fixedly installed to the top of the displacement frame, a return spring is sleeved on the connecting rope located inside the guide groove, the connecting rope passes through a round hole in the middle of the guide protrusion, a deflecting guide wheel is provided on the top of the guide protrusion, another set of deflecting rollers is provided on the front and rear sides of the top of the follower bracket, the connecting rope is rotatably connected to the two sets of deflecting guide wheels, and the top of the return spring abuts against the top of the guide protrusion.

[0011] Preferably, a limit switch is provided at the center of the bottom of the lifting rod, and a telescopic column located around the limit switch is slidably connected to the bottom of the lifting rod. A piston plate is provided at the bottom of the telescopic column, and the piston plate slides in contact with the inner wall of the storage tube. A compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic column, and the top of the compression spring is pressed against the bottom of the lifting rod. A cavity is provided inside the bottom of the lifting rod located below the guide groove, and the limit switch and the upper part of the telescopic column are located inside the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizer supply assembly includes a covered hopper fixedly installed on the top of the mobile carrier. A conveying motor is provided on one side of the hopper, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the other side of the hopper. A conveying auger is provided at the bottom inside the hopper. The output end of the conveying motor is fixedly installed with one end of the conveying auger, and the other end of the conveying auger is located inside the discharge port. The other end of the conveying conduit is fixedly installed with the discharge port, and the conveying conduit is a flexible hose.

[0013] Preferably, the sensor group includes a protective shell fixedly installed with the lifting assembly, and a vision camera and a lidar disposed inside the protective shell. An intelligent system display screen and a control panel are provided on one side of the intelligent control box.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes a tracked trolley carrying a lifting assembly. A first motor drives a lifting screw to rotate, causing the lifting frame to slide stably vertically along a slide rail and slider on a fixed support. This lowers the entire spiral trenching assembly to the ground, where it is firmly anchored to the ground. Coarse adjustments to the trenching position can be made without moving the entire machine, completely eliminating the drawback of traditional trenching equipment that requires complete machine relocation for position adjustments. A second motor drives a drive screw to rotate, precisely feeding the displacement frame along a guide rail. This allows for precise depth adjustments of the spiral trenching cutter, completely avoiding the problems of easy engine stalling and difficulty in controlling trenching depth in traditional trenching machinery. The trenching depth adjustment accuracy is significantly improved compared to ordinary hydraulic trenching equipment, making it suitable for the diverse soil layer trenching needs of different orchards.

[0015] This invention utilizes sensor groups on the front and rear sides of the top of the lifting assembly, a visual camera to identify the outline of the fruit tree trunk and calculate the tree diameter, and a lidar to simultaneously collect data on the relative position of the tree machine and the width of the canopy. All signals are transmitted in real time to the intelligent control chip in the intelligent control box. Based on pre-stored algorithms, it automatically matches the optimal root zone depth for nutrient absorption and the target nutrient discharge amount for the current fruit tree. There is no need for manual parameter setting for each tree. The tracked trolley can automatically complete the dynamic matching of operating parameters for fruit trees of different diameters during its movement. Continuous operation can be carried out without stopping for debugging. The efficiency of continuous, precise, and variable-depth fertilization for different fruit trees throughout the orchard is more than double that of traditional circular trenching fertilization devices.

[0016] This invention utilizes a traction rope connected to the downward feed of a displacement frame. The guide wheel at the top of the follower support reverses direction, causing the lifting rod to move upward along the guide protrusion. A conveyor motor drives a conveyor auger to deliver fertilizer into the storage pipe. When the fertilizer accumulates and compresses the piston plate, it triggers a limit switch, stopping the conveyor motor. The fertilizer filling amount is directly linked to the drilling depth of the spiral trenching cutter, achieving dynamic matching between trenching depth and fertilizer application. This completely breaks away from the cumbersome process of traditional trenching and fertilization operations, which require separate steps of trenching and fertilization and manual re-fertilization. Fertilizer is delivered directly and accurately to the deep root zone of the fruit trees, eliminating the problem of surface fertilizer volatilization and loss. Fertilizer utilization is significantly improved compared to traditional trenching and spreading methods.

[0017] This invention uses an externally mounted servo motor to rotate the gate, opening the discharge channel. Fertilizer in the storage pipe falls directly into the bottom of the newly formed spiral groove along the guide chute. Simultaneously, a return spring pushes the lifting rod downwards, causing the piston plate to scrape and push the remaining fertilizer along the inner wall of the storage pipe. This completely avoids the reliability defects of traditional injection fertilization methods, which have high requirements for pesticide properties and are prone to backflow and leakage that can damage fruit trees. The entire fertilization channel has no high-pressure puncture structure; it uses pure mechanical gravity to push solid granular fertilizer, preventing puncture damage to the fruit tree roots and trunk. At the same time, the piston plate continuously scrapes the inner wall of the channel, preventing fertilizer granule residue from clumping and blocking the pipeline. The stability of the equipment during long-term continuous operation is significantly improved compared to traditional injection fertilization equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile vehicle of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the spiral trenching component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization device of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the storage tube of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer supply component of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Mobile carrier; 2. Lifting assembly; 201. Fixed bracket; 202. First motor; 203. Lifting screw; 204. Slide rail; 205. Lifting frame; 206. Threaded sleeve; 3. Fertilizer supply assembly; 301. Hopper; 302. Conveyor motor; 303. Conveyor auger; 304. Discharge port; 4. Intelligent control box; 5. Sensor group; 6. Spiral trenching assembly; 601. Follow-up bracket; 602. Limiting frame; 603. Second motor; 604. Drive screw; 605. Displacement frame 606. Guide slide bar; 607. Drive motor; 608. Spiral trenching cutter; 7. Fertilizer application assembly; 701. Storage pipe; 702. Lifting rod; 703. Opening and closing servo motor; 704. Opening and closing gate; 705. Feeding conduit; 706. Guide protrusion; 707. Guide chute; 708. Connecting pull rope; 709. Return spring; 710. Variable guide wheel; 711. Limit switch; 712. Telescopic column; 713. Piston plate; 714. Downward pressure spring; 715. Guide chute; 8. Conveying conduit. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 9An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilizer application device includes a mobile carrier 1. The top of the mobile carrier 1 is sequentially provided with a lifting component 2, a fertilizer supply component 3 and an intelligent control box 4. The movable end of the lifting component 2 is provided with a spiral trenching component 6, and the middle part of the spiral trenching component 6 is provided with a fertilizer application component 7. The spiral grooving assembly 6 includes a follower bracket 601 and a displacement frame 605 that are fixedly connected to the lifting assembly 2. The follower bracket 601 and the motor-driven displacement frame 605 form a vertical moving pair. The spiral grooving assembly 6 includes a motor-driven spiral grooving cutter 608 mounted on the lower part of the displacement frame 605. The fertilizer application component 7 includes a storage pipe 701 fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the follower bracket 601. A conveying conduit 8 is provided at the bottom of one side of the storage pipe 701. The other end of the conveying conduit 8 is connected to the fertilizer supply component 3. The top front and rear sides of the lifting assembly 2 are equipped with sensor groups 5 for detecting tree diameter, distance from the tree machine and location of the fruit tree root zone. The intelligent control box 4 is equipped with an intelligent control chip. The signal output terminals of multiple sensors in the sensor group 5 are respectively connected to the corresponding input terminals of the intelligent control chip in the intelligent control box 4.

[0022] Furthermore, the mobile vehicle 1 is a tracked trolley. A soil covering mechanism is provided on the other side of the mobile vehicle 1 as needed. The lifting assembly 2 includes a fixed bracket 201 fixedly installed at one end of the top of the mobile vehicle 1. A first motor 202 is provided at the middle of the top of the fixed bracket 201. A lifting screw 203 is provided in the middle of the interior of the fixed bracket 201. A lifting frame 205 is slidably provided on the side of the fixed bracket 201. The output end of the first motor 202 is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting screw 203. A threaded sleeve 206 is provided in the middle of the lifting frame 205. The lifting screw 203 is threadedly connected to the middle of the threaded sleeve 206. The follower bracket 601 of the spiral trenching assembly 6 is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the lifting frame 205.

[0023] Furthermore, slide rails 204 are provided on the front and rear sides of one side of the fixed bracket 201, and sliders are provided on the front and rear ends of the other side of the lifting frame 205. The lifting frame 205 is slidably connected to the fixed bracket 201 through the sliders and slide rails 204. Two sensor groups 5 are provided on both sides of the first motor 202.

[0024] Furthermore, a second motor 603 is provided on the top of the follower bracket 601, a limit bracket 602 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the follower bracket 601, a drive screw 604 is rotatably connected inside the follower bracket 601, a displacement bracket 605 is slidably connected inside the follower bracket 601, the output end of the second motor 603 is fixedly installed on the top of the drive screw 604, the drive screw 604 is threadedly connected to the middle of the displacement bracket 605, a drive motor 607 is provided on the top of the displacement bracket 605, the output end of the drive motor 607 is fixedly installed on the top of the spiral grooving cutter 608, and the storage tube 701 is fixedly installed on the middle of one side of the follower bracket 601.

[0025] Furthermore, the limiting frame 602 is a semi-circular arc frame, the spiral grooving cutter 608 is coaxially arranged with the limiting frame 602, the follower bracket 601 is provided with guide slide rods 606 located on the front and rear sides of the storage tube 701, the front and rear sides of the displacement frame 605 are slidably connected with the guide slide rods 606, and the top of the storage tube 701 is flush with the top of the follower bracket 601.

[0026] The tracked trolley, serving as the mobile carrier 1, is equipped with a lifting assembly 2. A first motor 202 drives the lifting screw 203 to rotate, causing the lifting frame 205 to slide stably vertically along the slide rail 204 on the fixed bracket 201, lowering the spiral trenching assembly 6 to the limiting frame 602 for ground contact. This allows for coarse adjustment of the trenching position without moving the entire machine, completely solving the drawback of traditional trenching machines requiring complete machine relocation for position adjustments. The second motor 603 drives the drive screw 604 to rotate, driving the displacement frame 605 to precisely feed along the guide slide 606, enabling precise depth adjustment of the spiral trenching cutter 608. This completely avoids the problems of easy engine stalling and difficulty in controlling trenching depth in traditional trenching machinery. The trenching depth adjustment accuracy is significantly improved compared to ordinary hydraulic trenching equipment, making it suitable for the diverse soil layer trenching needs of different orchards.

[0027] Furthermore, a gate 704 is provided at the bottom of the storage tube 701, and a servo motor 703 is provided at the bottom of the follower bracket 601 on one side of the storage tube 701. The output shaft of the servo motor 703 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the gate 704. A guide chute 715 facing the spiral grooving cutter 608 is integrally provided at the bottom of the storage tube 701. A feed conduit 705 is provided on the side of the storage tube 701 above the gate 704. One end of the conveying conduit 8 is fixedly installed at the top of the feed conduit 705. The rotatable connection between the gate 704 and the storage tube 701 is located outside the storage tube 701.

[0028] An externally mounted servo motor 703 drives the gate 704 to rotate and open the discharge channel. The fertilizer in the storage pipe 701 falls directly into the bottom of the newly formed spiral groove along the guide chute 715. At the same time, the return spring 709 pushes the lifting rod 702 downward, which drives the piston plate 713 to scrape and push the remaining material along the inner wall of the storage pipe 701. The entire fertilization channel has no high-pressure puncture structure. The solid granular fertilizer is pushed by pure mechanical gravity, which will not cause puncture damage to the roots and trunks of the fruit trees. At the same time, the piston plate 713 continuously scrapes the inner wall of the channel to prevent fertilizer granules from clumping and blocking the pipeline. The stability of the equipment during long-term continuous operation is greatly improved compared with traditional injection fertilization equipment.

[0029] Furthermore, a lifting rod 702 is slidably connected to the top of the storage tube 701. A guide protrusion 706 is integrally provided on the top of the inside of the storage tube 701. Guide grooves 707 are provided on the front and rear sides of the lifting rod 702. A connecting rope 708 is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the guide groove 707. The guide protrusion 706 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove 707. The other end of the connecting rope 708 is fixedly installed on the top of the displacement frame 605. A return spring 709 located inside the guide groove 707 is sleeved on the connecting rope 708. The connecting rope 708 passes through the round hole in the middle of the guide protrusion 706. A deflecting guide wheel 710 is provided on the top of the guide protrusion 706. Another set of deflecting rollers is provided on the front and rear sides of the top of the follower bracket 601. The connecting rope 708 is tumblingly connected to the two sets of deflecting guide wheels 710. The top of the return spring 709 is pressed against the top of the guide protrusion 706.

[0030] Furthermore, a limit switch 711 is provided at the center of the bottom of the lifting rod 702. A telescopic column 712 located around the limit switch 711 is slidably connected to the bottom of the lifting rod 702. A piston plate 713 is provided at the bottom of the telescopic column 712. The piston plate 713 slides in contact with the inner wall of the storage tube 701. A compression spring 714 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic column 712. The top of the compression spring 714 is pressed against the bottom of the lifting rod 702. A cavity is provided inside the bottom of the lifting rod 702, located below the guide groove 707. The limit switch 711 and the upper part of the telescopic column 712 are located inside the cavity.

[0031] When the displacement frame 605 descends for feeding, the traction connection rope 708 is pulled, and the guide wheel 710 at the top of the follower bracket 601 reverses the direction, driving the lifting rod 702 to move upward along the guide protrusion 706. The conveying motor 302 drives the conveying auger 303 to convey fertilizer into the storage pipe 701. When the fertilizer accumulates and squeezes the piston plate 713, it triggers the limit switch 711, which stops the conveying motor 302. The amount of fertilizer filling is directly linked to the drilling depth of the spiral trenching cutter 608, realizing the dynamic matching of trenching depth and fertilizer application amount.

[0032] Furthermore, the fertilizer supply assembly 3 includes a covered hopper 301 fixedly installed on the top of the mobile carrier 1. A conveying motor 302 is provided on one side of the hopper 301, and a discharge port 304 is provided at the bottom of the other side of the hopper 301. A conveying auger 303 is provided at the bottom inside the hopper 301. The output end of the conveying motor 302 is fixedly installed with one end of the conveying auger 303, and the other end of the conveying auger 303 is located inside the discharge port 304. The other end of the conveying conduit 8 is fixedly installed with the discharge port 304. The conveying conduit 8 is a flexible hose.

[0033] Furthermore, the sensor group 5 includes a protective shell fixedly installed with the lifting assembly 2, and a vision camera and a lidar set inside the protective shell. The intelligent control box 4 has an intelligent system display screen and a control panel on one side.

[0034] The visual camera identifies the outline of the fruit tree trunk and calculates the tree diameter, while the lidar synchronously collects data on the relative position of the tree machine and the width of the canopy. All signals are transmitted in real time to the intelligent control chip in the intelligent control box 4. Based on the pre-stored algorithm, the optimal root zone depth for nutrient absorption and the target nutrient discharge amount for the current fruit tree are automatically matched. There is no need for manual setting of parameters for each tree. The tracked vehicle can automatically complete the dynamic matching of operation parameters for fruit trees of different diameters during the movement of the machine. Continuous operation can be carried out without stopping for debugging. The work efficiency of continuous and precise deepening fertilization of different fruit trees throughout the orchard is more than twice that of the traditional ring trench fertilization device.

[0035] In this embodiment: Before use, the parameters are preset through the control panel of the intelligent control box 4. The optimal root zone depth for nutrient absorption, circumferential fertilization distance and baseline fertilization amount corresponding to different fruit tree diameters are entered on the display screen. The device is then adjusted to the initial position of the orchard to be operated, and the tracked trolley moves smoothly along the rows of fruit trees.

[0036] During the process, the sensor groups 5 on the front and rear sides of the top of the lifting component 2 synchronously collect real-time data: the visual camera identifies the outline of the fruit tree trunk to complete the tree diameter calculation, the lidar synchronously obtains the relative position of the fertilizer applicator and the fruit tree and the canopy width information, and all collected signals are transmitted in real time to the intelligent control chip of the intelligent control box 4. The chip, combined with the pre-stored root zone matching algorithm, automatically calculates the optimal trenching depth, fertilization circumferential radius and target fertilizer discharge rate corresponding to the current fruit tree, and generates exclusive operation instructions.

[0037] When the device moves to the pre-fertilization point for the fruit trees, the first motor 202 starts, driving the lifting screw 203 to rotate. Through the threaded sleeve 206, the lifting frame 205 slides downward along the slide rail 204 on the side of the fixed bracket 201, lowering the spiral trenching assembly 6 as a whole until the limiting frame 602 contacts and abuts the ground. Subsequently, the second motor 603 on the follower bracket 601 starts, driving the drive screw 604 to rotate. This drives the displacement frame 605 to feed downward along the guide slide 606 inside the follower bracket 601. At the same time, the drive motor 607 drives the spiral trenching cutter 608 at the bottom to rotate at high speed and cut into the soil, completing the precise spiral drilling and trenching operation to the depth preset by the chip.

[0038] As the displacement frame 605 moves downward, the guide wheel 710 pulls the connecting rope 708, causing the lifting rod 702 to move upward synchronously along the guide protrusion 706. Simultaneously, the conveying motor 302 drives the conveying auger 303 to rotate, conveying fertilizer into the storage pipe 701 via the conveying conduit 8 and the feeding conduit 705. As the amount of fertilizer inside the storage pipe 701 increases, it compresses the piston plate 713 and triggers the limit switch 711, causing the conveying motor 302 to stop. As the lifting rod 702 moves upward, under the action of the downward spring 714, the piston plate 713 and the limit switch 711... The material is released and conveyed again until the spiral trenching cutter 608 completes the drilling operation at the preset depth. Then, the spiral trenching cutter 608 is raised, and the main switch of the conveying motor 302 is turned off. Then, the opening and closing servo motor 703 is controlled to drive the opening and closing gate 704 to rotate and open the discharge channel. The fertilizer inside the storage pipe 701 falls directly into the bottom of the newly formed spiral trench along the guide chute 715. At the same time, the reset spring 709 drives the lifting rod 702 to push the fertilizer filled inside the storage pipe 701 to the guide chute 715 and spread it into the deep pit, so as to control the amount of fertilizer by controlling the trench depth.

[0039] After the operation on a single fruit tree is completed, the reset spring 709 drives the lifting rod 702 to reset, the opening and closing servo motor 703 drives the opening and closing gate 704 to close the discharge channel, the first motor 202 drives the lifting frame 205 to raise the spiral ditching component 6 to a safe travel height, and the tracked trolley moves to the operation point of the next fruit tree. By repeating the above process, the precise variable depth fertilization operation of fruit trees with different diameters can be completed continuously.

Claims

1. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilizer application device, comprising a mobile carrier (1), characterized in that: The top of the mobile vehicle (1) is provided with a lifting assembly (2), a fertilizer supply assembly (3) and an intelligent control box (4) in sequence. The movable end of the lifting assembly (2) is provided with a spiral trenching assembly (6), and the middle part of the spiral trenching assembly (6) is provided with a fertilizer application assembly (7). The spiral grooving assembly (6) includes a follower bracket (601) and a displacement frame (605) that are fixedly connected to the lifting assembly (2). The follower bracket (601) and the motor-driven displacement frame (605) form a vertical moving pair. The spiral grooving assembly (6) includes a motor-driven spiral grooving cutter (608) mounted on the lower part of the displacement frame (605). The fertilizer application component (7) includes a storage pipe (701) fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the follower bracket (601). A delivery conduit (8) is provided at the bottom of one side of the storage pipe (701). The other end of the delivery conduit (8) is connected to the fertilizer supply component (3). The lifting assembly (2) is equipped with sensor groups (5) on the front and rear sides of the top for detecting tree diameter, tree machine distance and fruit tree root zone location information. The intelligent control box (4) is equipped with an intelligent control chip. The signal output terminals of multiple sensors in the sensor group (5) are respectively connected to the corresponding input terminals of the intelligent control chip in the intelligent control box (4).

2. The agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile vehicle (1) is a tracked trolley. A soil covering mechanism is provided on the other side of the mobile vehicle (1) as needed. The lifting assembly (2) includes a fixed bracket (201) fixedly installed at one end of the top of the mobile vehicle (1). A first motor (202) is provided at the top center of the fixed bracket (201). A lifting screw (203) is provided in the center inside the fixed bracket (201). A lifting frame (205) is slidably provided on the side of the fixed bracket (201). The output end of the first motor (202) is fixedly installed at the top of the lifting screw (203). A threaded sleeve (206) is provided in the center of the lifting frame (205). The lifting screw (203) is threadedly connected to the center of the threaded sleeve (206). The follower bracket (601) of the spiral trenching assembly (6) is fixedly installed in the center of one side of the lifting frame (205).

3. The agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed bracket (201) has slide rails (204) on both the front and rear sides on one side, and the lifting frame (205) has sliders at both the front and rear ends on the other side. The lifting frame (205) is slidably connected to the fixed bracket (201) through the sliders and slide rails (204). The two sensor groups (5) are arranged on both sides of the first motor (202).

4. The agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the follower bracket (601) is provided with a second motor (603), the bottom of the follower bracket (601) is fixedly installed with a limit frame (602), the inside of the follower bracket (601) is rotatably connected with a drive screw (604), the inside of the follower bracket (601) is slidably connected with a displacement frame (605), the output end of the second motor (603) is fixedly installed with the top of the drive screw (604), the drive screw (604) is threadedly connected with the middle of the displacement frame (605), the top of the displacement frame (605) is provided with a drive motor (607), the output end of the drive motor (607) is fixedly installed with the top of the spiral grooving cutter (608), and the storage tube (701) is fixedly installed with the middle of one side of the follower bracket (601).

5. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting frame (602) is a semi-circular arc frame. The spiral grooving cutter (608) is coaxially arranged with the limiting frame (602). The follower bracket (601) is provided with guide slide rods (606) located on the front and rear sides of the storage tube (701). The front and rear sides of the displacement frame (605) are slidably connected to the guide slide rods (606). The top of the storage tube (701) is flush with the top of the follower bracket (601).

6. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the storage tube (701) is provided with an opening and closing gate (704). The bottom of the follower bracket (601) is provided with an opening and closing servo motor (703) located on one side of the storage tube (701). The output shaft of the opening and closing servo motor (703) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the opening and closing gate (704). The bottom of the storage tube (701) is integrally provided with a guide groove (715) facing the spiral grooving cutter (608). The side of the storage tube (701) is provided with a feed conduit (705) located above the opening and closing gate (704). One end of the conveying conduit (8) is fixedly installed at the top of the feed conduit (705). The rotating connection between the opening and closing gate (704) and the storage tube (701) is located outside the storage tube (701).

7. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lifting rod (702) is slidably connected to the top of the storage tube (701). A guide protrusion (706) is integrally provided on the top of the inside of the storage tube (701). Guide grooves (707) are provided on the front and rear sides of the lifting rod (702). A connecting rope (708) is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the guide groove (707). The guide protrusion (706) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove (707). The other end of the connecting rope (708) is fixedly installed to the top of the displacement frame (605). The rope (708) is fitted with a return spring (709) located inside the guide groove (707). The connecting rope (708) passes through the round hole in the middle of the guide protrusion (706). The top of the guide protrusion (706) is provided with a guide wheel (710). The front and rear sides of the top of the follower bracket (601) are provided with another set of guide rollers. The connecting rope (708) is tumblingly connected with the two sets of guide wheels (710). The top of the return spring (709) is pressed against the top of the guide protrusion (706).

8. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limit switch (711) is provided at the middle of the bottom of the lifting rod (702). The bottom of the lifting rod (702) is slidably connected to a telescopic column (712) located around the limit switch (711). A piston plate (713) is provided at the bottom of the telescopic column (712). The piston plate (713) slides in contact with the inner wall of the storage tube (701). A compression spring (714) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic column (712). The top of the compression spring (714) is pressed against the bottom of the lifting rod (702). A cavity is provided inside the bottom of the lifting rod (702) located below the guide groove (707). The limit switch (711) and the upper part of the telescopic column (712) are located inside the cavity.

9. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer supply assembly (3) includes a covered hopper (301) fixedly installed on the top of the mobile carrier (1). A conveying motor (302) is provided on one side of the hopper (301), and a discharge port (304) is provided at the bottom of the other side of the hopper (301). A conveying auger (303) is provided at the bottom inside the hopper (301). The output end of the conveying motor (302) is fixedly installed with one end of the conveying auger (303). The other end of the conveying auger (303) is located inside the discharge port (304). The other end of the conveying conduit (8) is fixedly installed with the discharge port (304). The conveying conduit (8) is a flexible hose.

10. An agricultural spiral trenching deep variable fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor group (5) includes a protective shell that is fixedly installed with the lifting assembly (2), and a visual camera and a laser radar installed inside the protective shell. The intelligent control box (4) is provided with an intelligent system display screen and a control panel on one side.

Images