A water and fertilizer integrated first part irrigation system and method

Abstract

This invention relates to an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation system and method. The system includes: a water storage unit; a water delivery pipe equipped with a water pump, the input end of which is connected to the water storage unit; a filtration unit, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the water delivery pipe, and a first control valve between the filtration unit and the water delivery pipe; a water and fertilizer mixing unit, the output end of which is connected to the water and fertilizer mixing unit and the outlet pipe, and the output end of the water and fertilizer mixing unit is connected to the water delivery pipe; and a vacuum unit connected to a position near the output end of the water delivery pipe. This invention pre-treats and filters the water source to remove impurities. A portion of the filtered water is then transported to the water and fertilizer mixing unit for mixing with fertilizer. The resulting liquid fertilizer is then transported to the water delivery pipe, filtered again, and then delivered to the crop root zone through a field network, preventing pipe blockage and enabling simultaneous water and fertilizer supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation and fertilization technology, specifically to an integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilizer and water integration is a new agricultural technology that combines irrigation and fertilization. Compared with traditional fertilization techniques, it can significantly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency. Fertilizer and water integration utilizes a pressure system (or natural terrain drop) to deliver soluble solid or liquid fertilizers, formulated according to soil nutrient content and crop nutrient requirements, along with irrigation water, through a controllable pipeline system to the crop root zone, achieving synergistic irrigation of water and fertilizer.

[0003] Existing fertigation systems draw irrigation water from a tank, filter it, mix it directly with fertilizer, and then deliver it to the crop root zone via a pipeline system. However, fertilizer mixing with water is often uneven, resulting in fertilizer particles and residue remaining in the liquid fertilizer. After prolonged fertigation operations, these particles and residues can accumulate in the pipeline system, leading to corrosion or blockage, reducing system lifespan, and increasing maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing an integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system and method. This invention pre-treats the water source by filtering to remove impurities, then partially transports the filtered water to a water-fertilizer mixing unit to mix with fertilizer. The resulting liquid fertilizer is then transported to a water delivery pipe, filtered again, and delivered to the crop root zone through a field network, preventing pipe blockage and enabling simultaneous water and fertilizer supply.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A water and fertilizer integrated head irrigation system, comprising: Water storage unit; A water supply pipe, on which a water pump is installed, and the input end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water storage unit; A filter unit, wherein the input end of the filter unit is connected to the output end of the water supply pipe, and a first control valve is provided between the filter unit and the water supply pipe; A water-fertilizer mixing unit, wherein the output end of the filter unit is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing unit and the water outlet pipe, and the output end of the water-fertilizer mixing unit is connected to the water supply pipe; A vacuum pumping unit is connected to the water supply pipe near the output end; The control unit, which can perform the following operations: Open or close the first control valve; start the vacuum unit to evacuate the water supply pipe, or close the vacuum unit; start the water pump to drive the water in the water storage unit to flow sequentially through the water supply pipe, the filter unit and the outlet pipe, or close the water pump. Input a portion of the filtered water into the fertigation unit, or stop inputting a portion of the filtered water into the fertigation unit; start the fertigation unit to mix the water and fertilizer, or stop the fertigation unit; deliver the mixed liquid fertilizer into the water supply pipe, or stop the delivery.

[0006] Furthermore, the water storage unit includes a sedimentation tank and a clear water tank, which are connected in sequence. A first filter screen is installed at the inlet of both the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank, and the inlet of the water supply pipe is connected to the clear water tank.

[0007] Furthermore, a floating filter is provided at the inlet end of the water supply pipe. The floating filter includes a support, floats and a filter screen body. At least two floats are provided on the support. The filter screen body is rotatably mounted on the support. The inlet end of the water supply pipe is connected to the interior of the filter screen body. A second filter screen is provided on the outer side of the support.

[0008] Furthermore, the clear water tank is equipped with a first level gauge and a drainage pump. The first level gauge is used to measure the water level in the clear water tank and transmit the data to the control unit. The control unit can perform operations including: turning on the drain pump to drain the water in the clear water tank, or turning off the drain pump.

[0009] Furthermore, the filtration unit includes an inlet section, an outlet section, a drain section, a backwash valve, and a disc filter. Multiple sets of backwash valves and disc filters are provided between the inlet section and the outlet section. The inlet section, backwash valve, disc filter, and outlet section are connected in sequence. The first end of the outlet section is connected to the outlet pipe, the second end of the outlet pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, the water supply pipe is connected to the mixing tank, and the third end of all the backwash valves is connected to the drain section. The control unit can perform operations including: controlling the backwash valve to switch between the inlet section and the disc filter or the outlet section and the disc filter to perform filtration or backwashing operations.

[0010] Furthermore, a first pressure gauge is installed on the water inlet section, which is used to measure the water pressure of the water inlet section and transmit the data to the control unit; a second pressure gauge is installed on the water outlet section, which is used to measure the water pressure of the water outlet section and transmit the data to the control unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the water and fertilizer mixing unit includes a mixing tank, a stirrer, a fertilizer discharge pipe, and a water supply pipe. The stirrer is mounted on the mixing tank. The lower part of the mixing tank is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe and a water supply pipe. The first and second ends of the fertilizer discharge pipe are respectively connected to a water supply pipe and the mixing tank. The first and second ends of the water supply pipe are respectively connected to a water replenishment pipe and the mixing tank. The second ends of both the fertilizer discharge pipe and the water supply pipe extend into the mixing tank. The second end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is bent downward and is provided with a third filter screen. The second end of the water supply pipe is inclined downward and faces the third filter screen. A second control valve is provided on the fertilizer discharge pipe, and a third control valve is provided on the water supply pipe. The operations that the control unit can perform include: opening the third control valve to input some water from the outlet section into the mixing tank, or closing the third control valve; starting the agitator to mix the water and fertilizer in the mixing tank, or closing the agitator; opening the second control valve to input liquid fertilizer into the water supply pipe, or closing the second control valve.

[0012] Furthermore, a second level gauge is provided on the mixing tank, which is used to measure the liquid level in the mixing tank and transmit the data to the control unit.

[0013] Furthermore, a flow meter is installed on the water outlet pipe, which is used to measure the flow rate of the water outlet pipe and transmit the data to the control unit.

[0014] A method for fertigation head irrigation includes the following steps: Step S1: Measure the water level in the clear water tank. If the water level data of the clear water tank is within the first preset range, proceed to step S2; otherwise, continue to measure the water level in the clear water tank. Step S2: Close the first control valve and start the vacuum unit to evacuate the water supply pipe; Step S3: Open the first control valve, close the vacuum unit, and start the water pump to drive the water in the water storage unit to flow sequentially through the water supply pipe, the filter unit, and the outlet pipe. Step S4: Input fertilizer into the mixing tank and open the third control valve to input some of the water that has passed through the filter unit into the mixing tank; measure the liquid level in the mixing tank. If the liquid level data of the mixing tank is greater than the fourth preset threshold, then proceed to step S5; otherwise, continue to measure the liquid level in the mixing tank. Step S5: Start the agitator to mix the water and fertilizer in the mixing tank. After the preset mixing time, proceed to step S6. Step S6: Open the second control valve to input the liquid fertilizer in the mixing tank into the water supply pipe for integrated water and fertilizer irrigation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has at least one of the following advantages: (1) After the irrigation water of the present invention passes through the filtration unit, part of the filtered water is transported to the water-fertilizer mixing unit. After being mixed with fertilizer, liquid fertilizer is obtained. The liquid fertilizer is transported to the water pipe and passes through the filtration unit again to filter out particles and residues in the water-fertilizer, so as to avoid subsequent corrosion or blockage of the pipe and extend the pipe life. (2) The present invention performs multi-stage filtration through a first filter screen, a sedimentation tank and a floating filter to intercept impurities such as mud, algae and floating matter in the water storage unit, so as to prevent blockage of pipes and equipment and improve the service life of the system; (3) When the water supply pipe in the mixing tank of the present invention is replenished, the water flow will spray towards the third filter screen to disperse the undissolved granular fertilizer accumulated at the third filter screen, avoid clogging the third filter screen, and ensure that the liquid fertilizer is delivered at a stable flow rate. (4) The system of the present invention is equipped with components such as pressure gauge, flow meter, and control valve. It can monitor system parameters in real time through the control unit and realize automatic regulation. It has a high degree of integration and automation.

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the irrigation system of this application; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the irrigation system of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the irrigation system of this application; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water pump, filter unit, and vacuum unit of this application; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water pump, filter unit, and vacuum unit of this application from another angle; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water and fertilizer mixing unit of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water-fertilizer mixing unit in this application; Figure 8 This is a top view of the floating filter of this application; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the floating filter of this application; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water-floating filter of this application from another angle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation system connection in this application.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Water storage unit; 11. Sedimentation tank; 111. First sedimentation tank; 112. Second sedimentation tank; 12. Clear water tank; 121. First level gauge; 122. Drainage pump; 13. First filter screen; 2. Water supply pipe; 21. Water pump; 22. First control valve; 23. Floating filter; 231. Support; 232. Float; 233. Filter screen body; 2331. Paddle; 234. Second filter screen; 235. Central shaft; 236. Spray pipe; 2361. Cleaning nozzle; 2362. Drive nozzle; 237. Sludge collection frame; 24. First water supply section; 25. Second water supply section; 3. Filtration unit; 31. Inlet section; 311. First pressure gauge; 312. Air valve; 32. Outlet section; 321. Second pressure gauge; 33. Drainage section; 34. Backwash valve; 35. Disc filter; 36. Water supply pipe; 37. Discharge pipe; 38. Pilot solenoid valve; 4. Water and fertilizer mixing unit; 41. Mixing tank; 411. Baffle plate; 42. Agitator; 43. Fertilizer discharge pipe; 431. Third filter screen; 432. Second control valve; 44. Water supply pipe; 441. Third control valve; 45. Second level gauge; 46. Mixing tank discharge pipe; 5. Water outlet pipe; 51. Flow meter; 6. Vacuum pumping unit; 61. Water ring vacuum pump; 62. Gas separator; 63. Third pressure gauge; 64. Fourth control valve; 65. Check valve; 7. Control unit; 8. Base. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment discloses an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation system, including: a water storage unit 1, a water delivery pipe 2, a filtration unit 3, a water and fertilizer mixing unit 4, an outlet pipe 5, a vacuum unit 6, and a control unit 7. The water delivery pipe 2, the filtration unit 3, and the outlet pipe 5 are connected sequentially. The input end of the water delivery pipe 2 is connected to the water storage unit 1. A water pump 21 is installed on the water delivery pipe 2, which drives the water in the water storage unit 1 to pass sequentially through the water delivery pipe 2, the filtration unit 3, and the outlet pipe 5. The water and fertilizer mixing unit 4 is located next to the water delivery pipe 2. Part of the water filtered by the filtration unit 3 can be input into the water and fertilizer mixing unit 4, which can input the mixed liquid fertilizer into the water delivery pipe 2. The vacuum unit 6 is connected to the water delivery pipe 2 near the output end. The vacuum unit 6 can evacuate the water delivery pipe 2 to pre-pump the water in the water storage unit 1 into the water delivery pipe 2.

[0022] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water storage unit 1 consists of a sedimentation tank 11 and a clear water tank 12 connected in sequence. Both the sedimentation tank 11 and the clear water tank 12 have a first filter screen 13 at their inlets. During water storage, external water enters the sedimentation tank 11 through its inlet, where it undergoes a first filtration by the first filter screen 13. The external water settles in the sedimentation tank 11 and then enters the clear water tank 12 through its inlet, where it undergoes a second filtration by the first filter screen 13. The water in the clear water tank 12 is then used for irrigation.

[0023] As another implementation method, such as Figure 11 As shown, there are two sedimentation tanks 11, including a first sedimentation tank 111 and a second sedimentation tank 112, which are connected sequentially to a clear water tank 12. It should be noted that the number of sedimentation tanks 11 is not limited and can be adjusted as needed.

[0024] The clear water tank 12 is equipped with a first level gauge 121 for measuring the water level in the clear water tank 12. The first level gauge 121 is connected to the control unit 7 to transmit data to the control unit 7. The clear water tank 12 is equipped with a drain pump 122 for pumping water out of the clear water tank 12. The drain pump 122 is connected to the control unit 7, and the control unit 7 can control the start and stop of the drain pump 122.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a base 8 is installed next to the clear water tank 12, and the water pump 21, filter unit 3, vacuum unit 6 and control unit 7 are all integrated on the base 8. The whole unit adopts a skid-mounted design, which facilitates transportation and on-site installation.

[0026] The water supply pipe 2 includes a first water supply section 24 and a second water supply section 25. The input end of the first water supply section 24 is connected to a floating filter 23, which is floated in the clear water tank 12. The output end of the first water supply section 24 is connected to the input end of the water pump 21.

[0027] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the filter unit 3 includes an inlet section 31, an outlet section 32, a drain section 33, a backwash valve 34, and a disc filter 35. The inlet section 31, the outlet section 32, and the drain section 33 are all fixedly installed on the base 8. The inlet section 31, the outlet section 32, and the drain section 33 are parallel to each other and are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The output end of the water pump 21 is connected to the input end of the inlet section 31 through the second water supply section 25. The first end of the outlet section 32 is connected to the outlet pipe 5, the second end of the outlet pipe 5 is connected to the water supply pipe 36, and the drain section 33 is connected to the discharge pipe 37.

[0028] Multiple sets of backwash valves 34 and disc filters 35 are provided between the inlet section 31 and the outlet section 32. The inlet section 31, backwash valves 34, disc filters 35 and outlet section 32 are connected in sequence. The third end of all backwash valves 34 is connected to the drain section 33. The control unit 7 can control the backwash valves 34 to switch between connecting the inlet section 31 and the disc filters 35 or connecting the drain section 33 and the disc filters 35 to perform filtration or backwashing operations.

[0029] A first pressure gauge 311 is installed on the inlet section 31, and a second pressure gauge 331 is installed on the outlet section 33. The first pressure gauge 311 is used to measure the water pressure in the inlet section 31, and the second pressure gauge 331 is used to measure the water pressure in the outlet section 33. Both the first pressure gauge 311 and the second pressure gauge 331 are connected to the control unit 7 to transmit data to the control unit 7. An air valve 312 is installed on the inlet section 31 to discharge air from the inlet section 31.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, the water and fertilizer mixing unit 4 includes a mixing tank 41, a stirrer 42, a fertilizer discharge pipe 43, and a water supply pipe 44. The mixing tank 41 is arranged next to the first water conveying section 24, the stirrer 42 is set on the mixing tank 41, the fertilizer discharge pipe 43 and the water supply pipe 44 are both located at the lower part of the mixing tank 41, the first end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 43 is connected to the first water conveying section 24, the second end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 43 is connected to the mixing tank 41, the first end of the water supply pipe 44 is connected to the water replenishment pipe 36, the second end of the water supply pipe 44 is connected to the mixing tank 41, a second control valve 432 is provided on the fertilizer discharge pipe 43, and a third control valve 441 is provided on the water supply pipe 44.

[0031] The mixing tank 41 is equipped with a second level gauge 45 for measuring the liquid level in the mixing tank 41, and the second level gauge 45 is connected to the control unit 7 to transmit data to the control unit.

[0032] The agitator 42, the second control valve 432, and the third control valve 441 are all connected to the control unit 7. The control unit 7 can start the agitator 42 to mix the water and fertilizer in the mixing tank 41; it can also open or close the second control valve 432 to input the liquid fertilizer in the mixing tank 41 into the first water supply section 24 or stop the output of water and fertilizer in the mixing tank 41; it can also open or close the third control valve 441 to add water to the mixing tank 41 or stop adding water.

[0033] The vacuum pumping unit 6 includes a water ring vacuum pump 61 and a gas separator 62. The suction port of the water ring vacuum pump 61 is connected to the second water supply section 25 through an input pipe, and the exhaust port of the water ring vacuum pump 61 is connected to the gas separator 62. A third pressure gauge 63, a fourth control valve 64, and a check valve 65 are installed on the input pipe. The water ring vacuum pump 61, the third pressure gauge 63, and the fourth control valve 64 are all connected to the control unit 7. The third pressure gauge 63 is used to measure the pressure of the input pipe and transmit the data to the control unit 7. The control unit 7 can open or close the fourth control valve 64 and the water ring vacuum pump 61.

[0034] The overflow port of the gas separator 62 is connected to the discharge pipe 37, and the discharge pipe 37 is connected to the clear water tank 12, so as to return the water in the discharge pipe 37 to the clear water tank 12.

[0035] The outlet pipe 5 is connected to the field drip irrigation pipeline, and the water and fertilizer discharged from the outlet pipe 5 are delivered to the crop roots through the drip irrigation pipeline. The outlet pipe 5 is equipped with a flow meter 51 for measuring the flow rate of the outlet pipe 5. The flow meter 51 can measure the instantaneous flow rate of the outlet pipe 5. The flow meter 51 is connected to the control unit 7 to transmit data to the control unit 7. The control unit 7 can calculate the cumulative flow rate of the outlet pipe 5 based on the instantaneous flow rate data of the outlet pipe 5 and the water discharge time.

[0036] like Figure 11 The diagram shows the connection between the control unit 7 and its components. The operations that the control unit 7 can automatically perform include: (a) Open the first level gauge 121 and receive the water level data of the clear water tank 12 measured by the first level gauge 121, or close the first level gauge 121; Before the water pump 21 is started, if the water level data of the clear water tank 12 is within the first preset range (1400mm~1600mm), it is determined that the irrigation system can be started; if the water level data of the clear water tank 12 is not within the first preset range, it is determined that the irrigation system cannot be started. When the water pump 21 is running, if the water level in the clear water tank 12 is less than the first preset threshold (the first preset threshold is less than or equal to the minimum value of the first preset range), the water pump 21 is turned off; if the water level in the clear water tank 12 is greater than the second preset threshold, the drain pump 122 is turned on to drain water until the water level drops to the first preset range.

[0037] (b) Close the first control valve 22 and the water pump 21, open the fourth control valve 64, start the water ring vacuum pump 61 to evacuate the water supply pipe 2, and receive the pressure data of the input pipe measured by the third pressure gauge 63. When the pressure value of the input pipe is less than the third preset threshold, the fourth control valve 64 and the water ring vacuum pump 61 are closed, and the first control valve 22 and the water pump 21 are opened to drive the water in the clear water tank 12 to flow sequentially through the water supply pipe 21, the filter unit 3 and the outlet pipe 5.

[0038] (c) During the filtration operation, the backwash valve 34 connects the inlet section 31 and the outlet section 32, and the irrigation water passes through the inlet section 31, the backwash valve 34, the disc filter 35 and the outlet section 32 in sequence. During backwashing, the pilot solenoid valve 38 switches the backwash valve 34 to connect the drain section 33 and the outlet section 32. Some of the water in the outlet section 32 will pass through the outlet section 32, the disc filter 35, the backwash valve 34 and the drain section 32 in sequence. The control unit 7 receives water pressure data from the inlet section 31 and outlet section 32 measured by the first pressure gauge 311 and the second pressure gauge 321, and adjusts the trigger frequency and trigger time of the backwash operation based on the pressure difference between the inlet section 31 and the outlet section 32. (For example, when the pressure difference increases, the filtration efficiency of the disc filter 35 decreases, and the control unit 7 increases the trigger frequency and trigger time of the backwash operation to clean the disc filter 35 and maintain its filtration efficiency. It should be noted that the backwash operation is usually performed sequentially by the backwash valve and the disc filter group.) (d) When fertigation is required, open the third control valve 441 to direct some of the water in the outlet section 32 into the mixing tank 41. The system receives the liquid level data of the mixing tank 41 measured by the second liquid level gauge 45. If the liquid level data of the mixing tank 41 is greater than the fourth preset threshold (900mm), the stirrer 42 is started to mix the water and fertilizer in the mixing tank 41. Open the second control valve 432 to input the liquid fertilizer in the mixing tank 41 into the water supply pipe 2 for integrated water and fertilizer irrigation.

[0039] When the water-fertilizer mixing unit 4 is running, if the liquid level data of the mixing tank 41 is greater than the fifth preset threshold (the fifth preset threshold is greater than the fourth preset threshold), the third control valve 441 is closed; if the liquid level data of the mixing tank 41 is less than the sixth preset threshold (the sixth preset threshold is less than the fourth preset threshold), the third control valve 441 is opened to replenish water to the mixing tank 41.

[0040] (e) Receive the flow data of the outlet pipe 5 measured by the flow meter 51, and adjust the operating power of the water pump 21 according to the flow data of the outlet pipe 5.

[0041] The control unit 7 is a PLC controller, located in a control cabinet on the base 8. The control cabinet is equipped with a touchscreen that interacts with the control unit 7. The control unit 7 also includes a manual mode. In manual mode, the operator can use the touchpad to operate the following functions: starting and stopping the drain pump 122, starting and stopping the water pump 21, starting and stopping the water ring vacuum pump 61, opening and closing the first control valve 22, opening and closing the second control valve 432, opening and closing the third control valve 441, and starting and stopping the agitator 42. The touchpad can also display: water level data in the clear water tank 12, liquid level data in the mixing tank 41, current and voltage data of the water pump 21, pressure data in the input pipe, pressure data in the inlet section 31, pressure data in the outlet section 32, and instantaneous and cumulative flow data in the outlet pipe 5.

[0042] Example 2 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1, and the improvement lies in the specific structure of the water-floating filter 23.

[0043] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the floating filter 23 includes a support 231, a float 232 and a filter screen body 233. A float 232 is provided on both sides of the support 231. The float 232 is used to provide buoyancy so that the support 231 can float on the water surface of the clear water pool 12. A second filter screen 234 is provided on the outer side of the support 231. The second filter screen 234 can filter floating objects on the water surface.

[0044] A central shaft 235 is fixedly installed in the middle of the support 231. The central shaft 235 is arranged in a horizontal direction. The filter screen body 233 is cylindrical or prismatic. The filter screen body 233 is rotatably mounted on the central shaft 235 and is located inside the support 231. The first water conveying section 24 includes a rigid section and a flexible section. The rigid section and the flexible section are fixedly connected. The rigid section is connected to the input end of the water pump 21, and the flexible section is connected to the interior of the filter screen body 233 to accommodate the lifting and lowering of the floating filter 23.

[0045] In this embodiment, the filter body 233 is water-driven. The central shaft 235 is a hollow structure, and a spray pipe 236 is fixedly installed above the central shaft 235. The central shaft 235 and the spray pipe 236 are interconnected and parallel to each other. One side of the spray pipe 236 is provided with a row of cleaning nozzles 2361, and the other side of the spray pipe 236 is provided with two driving nozzles 2362, which are distributed at both ends of the spray pipe 236. Multiple levers 2331 are provided at both ends of the inner side of the filter body 233, and the multiple levers 2331 are evenly distributed in a ring. The end of the water supply pipe 26 away from the water outlet section 32 is connected to the central shaft 235 through a connecting pipe.

[0046] When the irrigation system is started, water in the water supply pipe 36 is fed into the central shaft 235 through the connecting pipe, and then into the spray pipe 236. Water sprayed by the drive nozzle 2362 will drive the filter body 233 to rotate through the paddle 2331. Water sprayed by the cleaning nozzle 2361 will spray from the inside to the outside onto the side wall of the filter body 233 to clean the impurities on the filter body 233.

[0047] Preferably, a slag collection frame 237 is fixedly installed on the bracket 231. The slag collection frame 237 is arranged opposite to the cleaning nozzle 2361, and the slag collection frame 237 can receive the impurities sprayed down by the cleaning nozzle 2361.

[0048] Example 3 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the improvement lies in the structure of the water and fertilizer mixing unit 4.

[0049] The second end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 43 extends into the mixing tank 41, and a third filter screen 431 is provided on the second end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 43. The second end of the water supply pipe 44 extends into the mixing tank 41, and the second end of the water supply pipe 44 faces the third filter screen 431. When the third control valve 441 is opened, the water flow output from the second end of the water supply pipe 44 can disperse the undissolved granular fertilizer accumulated at the third filter screen 431, so as to avoid fertilizer clogging the third filter screen 431 and facilitate the output of water and fertilizer from the fertilizer discharge pipe 43 to the water supply pipe 2.

[0050] The bottom of the mixing tank 41 is provided with a mixing tank discharge pipe 46, and a valve is provided on the mixing tank discharge pipe 46.

[0051] Example 4 A water and fertilizer integrated irrigation method, implemented using the irrigation system described in any one of Examples 1-3, includes the following steps: (0) Preparatory work: Add the preset weight (or volume) of fertilizer to the mixing box 41 according to irrigation needs; Water is introduced into sedimentation tank 11, and as the water level in sedimentation tank 11 rises above the inlet of clear water tank 12, the water in sedimentation tank 11 will flow into clear water tank 12. If the water level in the clear water tank 12 is measured by the first level gauge 121, and the water level data is within the first preset range, then step (1) is executed; otherwise, water is added to the clear water tank 12.

[0052] (1) Close the first control valve 22, open the water ring vacuum pump 61 and the fourth control valve 64 to evacuate the water supply pipe 2 so as to pre-pump the water in the clear water tank 12 into the water supply pipe 2. During the vacuuming process, the pressure of the input pipe is measured. If the pressure value is less than the third preset threshold, step (2) is executed; otherwise, the vacuuming of the water supply pipe 2 continues.

[0053] (2) Close the water ring vacuum pump 61 and the fourth control valve 64, open the first control valve 22 and start the water pump 21 to drive the water in the clear water tank 12 to flow through the water supply pipe 2, the filter unit 3 and the outlet pipe 5 in sequence.

[0054] (3) When water and fertilizer integration irrigation is required, open the third control valve 441 to introduce part of the water in the outlet section 32 into the mixing tank 41. Measure the liquid level in the mixing tank 41. If the liquid level data is greater than the fourth preset threshold, then proceed to step (4); otherwise, continue to add water to the mixing tank 41.

[0055] (4) Start the mixer 42 to mix the water and fertilizer; after the preset mixing time, proceed to step (5).

[0056] (5) Open the second control valve 432 to introduce the liquid fertilizer in the mixing box 41 into the water pipe 2. The liquid fertilizer and water will mix in the pipe and finally be discharged from the outlet pipe 5 and delivered to the crop root area through the drip irrigation system to realize integrated water and fertilizer irrigation.

[0057] The above description provides examples of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Parts not detailed herein are common knowledge to those skilled in the art. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims. Any equivalent modifications based on the technical teachings of the present invention are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water and fertilizer integrated head irrigation system, characterized in that, include: Water storage unit (1); A water supply pipe (2) is provided with a water pump (21), and the input end of the water supply pipe (2) is connected to the water storage unit (1); The filter unit (3) has its input end connected to the output end of the water supply pipe (2), and a first control valve (22) is provided between the filter unit (3) and the water supply pipe (2). The water and fertilizer mixing unit (4) has its output end connected to the water and fertilizer mixing unit (4) and the water outlet pipe (5), and its output end is connected to the water supply pipe (2). Vacuum pumping unit (6), which is connected to the water supply pipe (2) near the output end; Control unit (7), the operations that control unit (7) can perform include: Open or close the first control valve (22); start the vacuum unit (6) to vacuum the water supply pipe (2), or close the vacuum unit (6); start the water pump (21) to drive the water in the water storage unit (1) to flow sequentially through the water supply pipe (2), the filter unit (3) and the outlet pipe (5), or close the water pump (21). Input some of the water filtered by the filter unit (3) into the water-fertilizer mixing unit (4), or stop inputting some of the water filtered by the filter unit (3) into the water-fertilizer mixing unit (4); start the water-fertilizer mixing unit (4) to mix the water and fertilizer, or stop the water-fertilizer mixing unit (4); transport the mixed liquid fertilizer to the water supply pipe (2), or stop the transport.

2. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage unit (1) includes a sedimentation tank (11) and a clear water tank (12), which are connected in sequence. A first filter screen (13) is provided at the inlet of both the sedimentation tank (11) and the clear water tank (12), and the inlet of the water supply pipe (2) is connected to the clear water tank (12).

3. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water supply pipe (2) is provided with a floating filter (23) at its input end. The floating filter (23) includes a support (231), floats (232) and a filter body (233). At least two floats (232) are provided on the support (231). The filter body (233) is rotatably mounted on the support (231). The input end of the water supply pipe (2) is connected to the interior of the filter body (233). A second filter (234) is provided on the outside of the support (231).

4. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clear water tank (12) is equipped with a first level gauge (121) and a drain pump (122). The first level gauge (121) is used to measure the water level of the clear water tank (12) and transmit the data to the control unit (7). The operations that the control unit (7) can perform include: turning on the drain pump (122) to drain the water in the clear water tank (12), or turning off the drain pump (122).

5. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration unit (3) includes an inlet section (31), an outlet section (32), a drain section (33), a backwash valve (34), and a disc filter (35). Multiple sets of backwash valves (34) and disc filters (35) are provided between the inlet section (31) and the outlet section (32). The inlet section (31), backwash valves (34), disc filters (35), and outlet section (32) are connected in sequence. The first end of the outlet section (32) is connected to the outlet pipe (5), the second end of the outlet pipe (5) is connected to the water supply pipe (36), the water supply pipe (36) is connected to the mixing tank (41), and the third end of all the backwash valves (34) is connected to the drain section (33). The control unit (7) can perform operations including controlling the backwash valve (34) to switch between the inlet section (31) and the disc filter (35) or the outlet section (33) and the disc filter (35) to perform filtration or backwashing operations.

6. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first pressure gauge (311) is installed on the water inlet section (31), which is used to measure the water pressure of the water inlet section (31) and transmit the data to the control unit (7); a second pressure gauge (321) is installed on the water outlet section (32), which is used to measure the water pressure of the water outlet section (32) and transmit the data to the control unit (7).

7. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water and fertilizer mixing unit (4) includes a mixing tank (41), a stirrer (42), a fertilizer discharge pipe (43), and a water supply pipe (44). The stirrer (42) is installed on the mixing tank (41). The lower part of the mixing tank (41) is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe (43) and a water supply pipe (44). The first end and the second end of the fertilizer discharge pipe (43) are respectively connected to the water supply pipe (2) and the mixing tank (41). The first end and the second end of the water supply pipe (44) are respectively connected to the water supply pipe. Pipe (36) and mixing tank (41), the second ends of the fertilizer discharge pipe (43) and the water supply pipe (44) extend into the mixing tank (41), the second end of the fertilizer discharge pipe (43) bends downward and is provided with a third filter screen (431), the second end of the water supply pipe (44) is inclined downward and faces the third filter screen (431), the fertilizer discharge pipe (43) is provided with a second control valve (432), and the water supply pipe (44) is provided with a third control valve (441). The control unit (7) can perform the following operations: open the third control valve (441) to input some water from the outlet section (32) into the mixing tank (41), or close the third control valve (441); start the agitator (42) to mix the water and fertilizer in the mixing tank (41), or close the agitator (42); open the second control valve (432) to input liquid fertilizer into the water supply pipe (2), or close the second control valve (432).

8. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixing tank (41) is equipped with a second level gauge (45), which is used to measure the level of the mixing tank (41) and transmit the data to the control unit (7).

9. The integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow meter (51) is installed on the water outlet pipe (5). The flow meter (51) is used to measure the flow rate of the water outlet pipe (5) and transmit the data to the control unit (7).

10. A method for head irrigation integrating water and fertilizer, characterized in that, The implementation of the integrated water and fertilizer head irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: Step S1: Measure the water level of the clear water tank (12). If the water level data of the clear water tank (12) is within the first preset range, then proceed to step S2; otherwise, continue to measure the water level of the clear water tank (12). Step S2: Close the first control valve (22) and start the vacuum pumping unit (6) to evacuate the water pipe (2); Step S3: Open the first control valve (22), close the vacuum unit (6), and start the water pump (21) to drive the water in the water storage unit (1) to flow sequentially through the water supply pipe (2), the filter unit (3), and the outlet pipe (5). Step S4: Input fertilizer into the mixing tank (41), open the third control valve (441) to input some of the water that has passed through the filter unit (3) into the mixing tank (41); measure the liquid level of the mixing tank (41). If the liquid level data of the mixing tank (41) is greater than the fourth preset threshold, then execute step S5; otherwise, continue to measure the liquid level of the mixing tank (41). Step S5: Start the mixer (42) to mix the water and fertilizer in the mixing tank (41). After mixing for a preset time, proceed to step S6. Step S6: Open the second control valve (432) to input the liquid fertilizer in the mixing tank (41) into the water pipe (2) for integrated water and fertilizer irrigation.

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