Edible mushroom cultivation and steaming method equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses a bulk steaming method for edible mushroom cultivation, belonging to the technical field of edible mushroom sterilization equipment. The equipment mainly consists of a feeding screw, a stirring steaming cylinder, a steam boiler, and an automatic discharging and bagging mechanism. The stirring steaming cylinder can be either atmospheric or high-pressure. The cultivation material does not require fermentation; it is directly fed into the steaming cylinder via the feeding screw for bulk steam sterilization for 40-120 minutes. After sterilization, the material is automatically discharged and bagged, eliminating the cumbersome process of bagging before sterilization in traditional methods. This invention solves the problems of multiple transfers, numerous equipment components, high labor costs, and slow heating and sterilization in traditional processes. Without the obstruction of packaging bags, steam can penetrate the bulk material in a short time, shortening the sterilization time. The equipment integrates steaming, cooling, and inoculation functions; the steaming water can be recycled and reused, making it suitable for processing various edible mushroom cultivation materials. Taking the 2 cubic meter model as an example, a single unit can achieve an annual production of over one million bags, requiring only 1-2 operators, increasing production efficiency by more than ten times. It has commercial value for both equipment sales and technology licensing, demonstrating strong practicality and versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sterilization production equipment for edible fungi, specifically to a steaming method for edible fungi cultivation, suitable for large-scale, industrialized production line production of various edible fungi cultivation materials. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the mainstream production process for edible fungi cultivation in China is the traditional production model of bagging first and then sterilizing, which generally adopts the Mongolian yurt-style overall sterilization or large-scale high-pressure sterilization chamber sterilization. This traditional process has many drawbacks, such as lengthy procedures, complex equipment, high dependence on manual labor, low production efficiency, and high energy consumption.

[0003] The traditional complete production process is as follows: raw material fermentation → on-site premixing and batching → material transfer and loading → mechanical bagging → batch transport to sterilization area → long-term sterilization and heat preservation → material unloading again → transport to inoculation area. The entire production process requires multiple and repeated transfers of materials and bags, involves many types of equipment, occupies a large area, and has extremely high labor costs.

[0004] Meanwhile, since the sterilization process is completed inside the sealed mushroom bag, the packaging bag forms a heat insulation barrier layer. Whether it is atmospheric pressure sterilization or high pressure sterilization, the material in the center of the mushroom bag heats up very slowly. It usually takes a long time for the material center to reach the sterilization temperature, and the energy consumption is high. Ordinary growers find it difficult to achieve high-yield and high-efficiency production. The industry generally suffers from problems of large investment, slow returns, and high barriers to entry, and cannot achieve uninterrupted industrial production lines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention This invention of the mixing steaming tank reduces the need for repeated handling of materials and mushroom bags. It directly sterilizes the material through steaming before packaging, significantly reducing labor and equipment costs. The process is faster and more convenient, completing the process in three simple steps. This allows ordinary growers to achieve the high yields of traditional, high-investment growers with lower costs, less labor, and smaller production spaces. It features flexible production, energy saving, easy operation, simple maintenance, wide applicability, and strong market versatility. Furthermore, it allows for one-step inoculation after cooling within the tank. The steamed water at the bottom of the tank can be reused for test tube inoculum or liquid culture medium, providing rich nutritional value. Multiple tanks can be used in combination for uninterrupted production lines. It also offers commercial value through equipment sales and technology licensing.

[0006] Overall structure and working principle of the equipment The main body of the edible mushroom cultivation steaming method equipment of this invention is a mixing tank. The entire equipment operation process consists of only three steps, making it extremely simple to operate: 1. Screw feeder: Used to feed bulk edible fungi cultivation materials that do not require pre-fermentation into the mixing and steaming tank according to a set ratio. 2. Sterilization in a mixing steamer: The mixing steamer has a direct heating function or can directly steam sterilize the bulk cultivation material inside the steamer. Bulk materials without packaging bags can accelerate heat transfer under stirring, allowing steam to penetrate into each material. Sterilization at normal pressure takes 1-2 hours, while high pressure sterilization can take 30-45 minutes.

[0007] 3. Automatic Discharge and Bagging: This system automatically discharges and bags the sterilized bulk substrate. The bagged substrate can then be directly transported to the greenhouse for inoculation. When in-tank inoculation is required, the substrate can be inoculated in the tank before being discharged and bagged. Alternatively, a multi-mixing steaming tank combined with a storage inoculation tank can be used for continuous production on a streamlined line. Detailed Implementation

[0008] This invention is illustrated using a 2 cubic meter stirred steaming tank as an example: The 2 cubic meter mixing steaming tank has a maximum single-fill capacity of 800 kg. Based on the standard bagging size of 3.5 catties / bag used by farmers, a single tank can produce 457 bags. The complete operation cycle for a single tank takes only 2.5 hours, and the atmospheric pressure equipment can complete 8 tanks of production per day with two shifts. The high-pressure equipment can complete sterilization in 30-45 minutes per tank, and the high-pressure equipment can complete 16 tanks of production per day with two shifts.

[0009] The high-pressure equipment can produce up to 7,312 bags per day and 219,360 bags per month. A single small 2-cubic-meter high-pressure equipment can achieve an annual production scale of more than 2.63 million bags.

[0010] The entire equipment is highly automated, and only 1-2 operators are needed to complete all production work, completely eliminating the traditional multi-person assembly line operation mode. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. 1-Stirring shaft, 2-Water injection hole, 3-Spiral feed inlet, 4-Separator, 5-Stirring ribbon, 6-Inoculation spiral, 7-Spiral discharge outlet, 8-Steam vent, 9-External steam pipe inlet, 10-Stirring rod, 11-Drain hole. Figure 2 , 3 4 is a plan view of the equipment. Beneficial effects

[0011] 1. Extremely simple process, no fermentation pretreatment required: The cultivation material does not need to be fermented in advance or pre-mixed and piled up in the site. It can be directly fed into the sterilization process, which greatly shortens the production cycle. 2. Significantly improved sterilization efficiency: Bulk materials are unobstructed by packaging bags, which facilitates uniform mixing and penetration of the materials in the vat. Atmospheric pressure steam can penetrate the entire material within 25 minutes, bringing the core temperature of the material to about 100℃. Compared with the traditional sterilization process of more than 10 hours, the sterilization efficiency is increased several times. High-pressure equipment can complete sterilization in as little as 15 minutes.

[0012] 3. Significantly reduce production costs: Eliminate multiple material and mushroom bag transfer processes, reduce investment in supporting equipment, and greatly save on labor costs, equipment costs, and site costs; 4. Wide adaptability and strong practicality: The equipment is compatible with all types of edible fungi strains and the sterilization of other similar products. It can be adapted to small-batch production by individual farmers and large-scale production in bases, making production flexible and highly versatile. 5. Simple operation and maintenance: The equipment has a simple structure, low failure rate, and convenient daily maintenance, allowing ordinary growers to quickly learn how to operate it; 6. Energy-saving and circular, green production: The steaming wastewater can be recycled and reused, and the production of microbial culture medium can be reduced, realizing resource recycling and reducing production energy consumption; 7. Extremely high production capacity and outstanding cost performance: Only 1-2 people are needed to achieve an annual production capacity of one million bags. The production efficiency is more than ten times higher than that of traditional processes. High output can be achieved with small space and low investment, which greatly reduces the planting threshold of the edible fungi industry. 8. The equipment can generate commercial profits through various means such as equipment sales, technology licensing, and complete plant support output.

Claims

1. Equipment for the steaming method of edible fungi cultivation, characterized in that, It includes a feeding screw, a mixing steamer, and an automatic discharging and bagging mechanism; The feeding spiral docking with the material yard is used to automatically and accurately feed the edible fungus cultivation materials in the material yard into the mixing and steaming cylinder according to the set ratio. The mixing steaming tank is a vertical or horizontal structure, and adopts an atmospheric pressure mixing steaming tank or a high pressure mixing steaming tank. The tank body is equipped with a water injection hole, an inoculation hole inside the tank, an external steam port, a drain port and a discharge port. The tank body is equipped with a partition and a mixing structure. The external steam port is connected to a steam boiler for use. The mixing steaming tank receives bulk cultivation materials conveyed by a feeding screw and directly steam sterilizes the bulk cultivation materials in the tank with steam. The sterilization time is controlled between 40-120 minutes. The automatic discharging and bagging mechanism is connected to the discharge port of the mixing and steaming cylinder. It is used for automatic discharging and bagging of bulk cultivation material after sterilization. The bagged mushroom bags can be directly transported to the planting greenhouse.

2. The edible fungi cultivation steaming method equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring structure inside the stirring steaming tank continuously agitates the bulk cultivation material during the sterilization process, allowing steam to penetrate the entire material more quickly and enabling the center of the material to reach the sterilization temperature rapidly. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional bagged sterilization processes, where the packaging bag obstructs the slow temperature rise and makes it difficult for the center of the bag to penetrate, thus shortening the sterilization heating cycle.

3. The edible fungi cultivation steaming method equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirred steaming tank integrates in-tank cooling and in-tank inoculation through the inoculation hole inside the tank. After sterilization, the material can be cooled directly inside the tank. After cooling, there is no need to transfer it to an independent inoculation area. The inoculation operation can be completed directly inside the stirred steaming tank through the inoculation hole inside the tank, thus isolating the source of contamination.

4. The edible fungi cultivation steaming method equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mixing steaming tank is equipped with a water collection and recovery structure through a drain outlet to collect the steaming water generated during the steaming and sterilization process. The recovered steaming water can be directly used for the preparation of test tube bacterial mother cultures or liquid bacterial culture media, realizing the recycling of nutrients and reducing the manufacturing process.

5. The edible fungi cultivation steaming method equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment adopts a structure design that sterilizes bulk materials first and then bags them, abandoning the traditional mode of bagging first and then sterilizing, multiple handling, and zoned operation. The whole machine can complete the entire production process in just three steps: feeding, bulk steam sterilization, and automatic discharge bagging, eliminating the need for raw material fermentation, site premixing, transfer between steamer and steamer, pre-bagging, and repeated handling.

6. The edible fungi cultivation steaming method equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing and steaming tank has a volume of 2 cubic meters and a maximum single loading capacity of 800 kg. The whole machine integrates mixing, steaming, sterilization, cooling, inoculation, and automatic discharging and bagging functions. It is suitable for sterilization and processing of all types of edible fungi cultivation materials and has strong versatility.

7. The edible fungi cultivation steaming method equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire machine can be operated by only 1-2 people. Its production efficiency is more than ten times higher than that of traditional Mongolian yurt-style sterilization and high-pressure sterilization equipment. A single machine can achieve a scale production of more than one million bags per year.

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