Siliceous mineral-based insect, bacteria and moisture resistant composition for use in grain storage

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of grain storage technology, specifically a diatomaceous earth-based insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition for grain storage. The raw materials for this composition include: 50-65 parts activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, 12-18 parts natural zeolite powder, 6-10 parts bentonite, 4-7 parts wood ash extract powder, 3-6 parts Artemisia argyi-Mentha plant compound extract, 1.5-3 parts chitosan, and 2-5 parts maifanite powder. It contains no chemical pesticide residues, ensuring the activity of grains and seeds. The entire formula does not contain aluminum phosphide, organophosphates, or chlorine fumigation agents; it relies solely on porous minerals, plant essential oils, chitosan, and the natural antibacterial substances in wood ash to function. It does not penetrate the germ of the grain, resulting in no pesticide residues in edible grains. When used for seed storage, it does not damage cell activity, effectively maintaining seed germination rates and meeting green grain and oil storage standards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain storage technology, specifically to an insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for use in grain storage. Background Technology

[0002] During the storage and static handling of grains, they are highly susceptible to environmental temperature and humidity, mold, and storage pests. In high humidity environments, grains absorb moisture rapidly, which not only causes them to become excessively moist and prone to heating and mold growth, but also allows harmful molds such as Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium, and Rhizopus to proliferate and produce potent carcinogenic toxins, severely damaging grain quality and endangering food safety. At the same time, storage insects such as rice weevils, grain thieves, wheat moths, and corn weevils gnaw on the grains, causing them to lose weight, break, and become contaminated. Every year, my country suffers huge losses of grain due to mold, pests, and dampness during storage. Therefore, the safe protection of grain storage is a critical and essential aspect of the grain and oil industry.

[0003] Currently, during grain storage, insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof compositions are used to enhance the protection of the grain. However, these compositions still face the following technical challenges: The currently used compositions are based on chemical insecticides and bactericides such as aluminum phosphide, organophosphates, and chlorine agents. After mixing with grains and fumigating, the agents penetrate the outer layer and germ of the grains, resulting in pesticide residues in the processed grains. This makes it difficult to meet the safety standards for green grains and oils, edible grains, and seed grains. Furthermore, the use of these compounds in seed grains can easily reduce germination rates and damage germplasm activity. Chemically active components are highly susceptible to changes in storage temperature and grain pile humidity. Under high temperature and humidity, the agent decomposes and becomes ineffective rapidly, while in low temperature environments, the reaction is slow and the effect is delayed. Furthermore, the decomposition of the agent can easily produce irritating and corrosive gases.

[0004] Therefore, a diatomaceous earth-based insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition for grain storage is proposed to address the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for use in grain storage, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for use in grain storage, wherein the raw material components for preparing the insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition include: 50-65 parts of activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, 12-18 parts of natural zeolite powder, 6-10 parts of bentonite, 4-7 parts of wood ash extract dried powder, 3-6 parts of Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant composite extract, 1.5-3 parts of chitosan, and 2-5 parts of maifanite micro powder; The specific preparation steps of this insect-repellent, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition are as follows: Step 1: Inorganic porous carrier mixing: Activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, natural zeolite powder, bentonite, and maifanite powder are sequentially added into a horizontal double cone mixer. The mixture is then dry-mixed in a sealed environment for 20-30 minutes at a speed of 25-35 r / min to ensure that the porous mineral powders are fully mixed and to construct a multi-level pore structure, which is responsible for adsorbing moisture and mold spores from the grain pile. Step 2: Add alkaline antibacterial powder: Add wood ash extract dry powder to the mixer and continue dry mixing for 15-20 minutes. The weakly alkaline environment of the wood ash extract inhibits the growth of mold and at the same time desensitizes the cuticle of the pests. Step 3: Loading plant insect repellent extracts: Dissolve chitosan thoroughly in a small amount of 40-45℃ warm water to prepare a chitosan colloidal solution with a mass fraction of 1.6%-2%. Evenly disperse the Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract into the chitosan colloidal solution and stir at low speed to prepare a stable suspension. Use a high-pressure atomizing nozzle to slowly spray the suspension onto the surface of the tumbling mineral mixed powder, continuously mixing while spraying. This allows the plant insect repellent components to be adsorbed by the pores of the diatomaceous earth shale, and the chitosan to form a film to lock in the volatile essential oils, reducing evaporation and loss. Step 4, Low-temperature curing and coating: After spraying, continue to mix in a sealed environment for 30-40 minutes. Then, spread the material evenly on a tray and place it in a low-temperature hot air drying room at 40-45℃ to dry until the material moisture content is ≤3%. Step 5: Crushing, Sieving and Packaging of Finished Product: The dried material is crushed by an air jet mill and passed through a 200-270 mesh standard sieve. The sieved powder is then sealed in a vacuum package to isolate it from air and moisture.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation steps of the activated modified diatom shale are as follows: the original diatom shale is crushed into 180-200 mesh powder, placed in a rotary calcining furnace, and calcined at a constant temperature of 400-420℃ for 2.5h to remove organic matter and crystal water in the pores, open the porous channels, take out the powder, soak and stir it with a 2-3% citric acid aqueous solution for 1.5h, separate the solid and liquid, rinse with water until neutral; dry at 100-110℃, and crush it again to 280-320 mesh to obtain a porous activated modified diatom shale carrier.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation steps of the wood ash extract and dried powder are as follows: sieve straw and wood ash through a 100-mesh sieve, mix ash and deionized water at a ratio of 1:6, soak at room temperature for 8 hours with intermittent stirring, filter to obtain the supernatant, and remove solid ash residue; concentrate the supernatant under reduced pressure to a thick paste, spray dry, control the inlet air temperature at 160℃ and the outlet air temperature at 75℃ during spray drying, pulverize into 200-250 mesh powder, and enrich potassium salts and alkaline antibacterial substances.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation steps of the Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract are as follows: dried Artemisia argyi stems and leaves and peppermint leaves are mixed and pulverized at a mass ratio of 3:1, and extracted twice by ethanol-water reflux with a volume ratio of 7:3 for 2 hours each time. The extracts are combined, the ethanol is recovered under vacuum, and the extract is concentrated into an extract. The extract is then spray-dried at low temperature to make a plant medicine powder, retaining the volatile insect-repellent and antibacterial essential oil components and avoiding high-temperature decomposition.

[0010] Preferably, natural zeolite powder, bentonite and maifanite powder need to be ball-milled to 300-325 mesh before use, and then dried in a hot air oven at 100-105℃ for 2 hours to completely remove free water and prevent subsequent components from agglomerating.

[0011] Preferably, when using the insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition in the later stages, the finished powder is packed into breathable non-woven bags and buried in layers on the surface and lower middle layers of the grain pile, with 1.2-1.5 kg of the composition placed per ton of grain.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) No chemical pesticide residues, ensuring the activity of grains and seeds: The entire formula does not contain aluminum phosphide, organophosphates, or chlorine-containing fumigants. It only relies on porous minerals, plant essential oils, chitosan, and natural antibacterial substances from wood ash to play its role. It will not penetrate into the germ of the grain, so there are no pesticide residues in the edible grains. When used for seed storage, it will not damage cell activity, effectively maintain the seed germination rate, and meet the green grain and oil storage standards. 2) Strong temperature and humidity stability, preventing rapid deterioration: The insect-repelling components of mugwort and peppermint are adsorbed inside the micropores of diatomaceous earth shale and then sealed by a chitosan film. Under high temperature and humidity conditions, the essential oil will not dissipate or decompose in large quantities in a short period of time; in low temperature grain pile environments, the micropores slowly release the active ingredients, resulting in a gradual and long-lasting effect, and the efficacy will not be rapidly lost due to temperature fluctuations. 3) No corrosive or harmful gases are generated: There is no chemical decomposition reaction, and no phosphine or chlorine-containing irritating toxic gas is released; it relies on mineral physical adsorption for dehumidification, weak alkaline antibacterial properties, and plant odors to repel pests. No corrosive waste gas is generated throughout the process, and it will not corrode storage equipment. The gas environment inside the grain pile is stable. 4) It has a three-in-one effect of moisture-proofing, antibacterial and insect-proofing: Diatomaceous earth shale, zeolite and bentonite form a multi-level capillary adsorption structure to continuously absorb free water vapor in the grain pile and control the environmental humidity within a range where mold cannot reproduce; chitosan blocks the growth of fungal hyphae; plant volatiles repel storage pests such as rice weevils and grain thieves; wood ash extract maintains a weakly alkaline microenvironment and inhibits toxin-producing molds such as Aspergillus flavus. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the composition of the raw materials used in the preparation of this invention; Figure 2This is a flowchart of the preparation steps of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Example: Please see Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: An insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for use in grain storage. The raw materials for preparing the insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition include: 50-65 parts of activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, 12-18 parts of natural zeolite powder, 6-10 parts of bentonite, 4-7 parts of wood ash extract dried powder, 3-6 parts of Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract, 1.5-3 parts of chitosan, and 2-5 parts of maifanite micro powder. Activated and modified diatomaceous earth shale, after roasting and citric acid activation, forms a rich network of multi-level micropores with extremely strong water vapor adsorption capacity. This allows it to continuously adsorb free water vapor within the grain pile, reducing local humidity and inhibiting mold growth at its source, thus solving the problem of dampness and mold in grain piles. The well-developed pores can firmly hold the plant-based insect repellent active ingredients, delaying essential oil volatilization, prolonging the duration of efficacy, and preventing rapid loss of active substances. Made entirely of inorganic minerals, it contains no chemical pesticides or toxic decomposition products, preventing pesticide residues from forming inside the grain, ensuring the quality of edible and seed grains, and maintaining seed germination rates without damaging seed germs. Its chemically stable properties are unaffected by storage temperature and will not decompose to produce corrosive or irritating fumes, overcoming the shortcomings of chemical pesticides such as poor temperature and humidity adaptability, rapid high-temperature inactivation, and slow low-temperature onset of action. Natural zeolite powder and bentonite, both porous aluminosilicate minerals, are combined with diatomaceous earth shale to form a composite porous system, further enhancing the overall moisture absorption capacity and synergistically controlling the humidity of the grain pile's microenvironment, thus blocking conditions conducive to mold growth. It possesses ion adsorption capabilities, fixing alkaline ions within the system and slowly releasing a long-lasting weakly alkaline environment to effectively inhibit mold growth; simultaneously, it firmly encapsulates plant extracts, further slowing the volatilization rate of active components. It is a pure inorganic inert mineral, free of organic chemical pesticides, leaving no pesticide residues and not harming seed germplasm; its physicochemical properties are stable, it does not decompose under fluctuating temperature and humidity conditions, and it does not release harmful gases, compensating for the poor stability of chemical agents. The wood ash extract powder is rich in alkaline substances such as potassium salts and carbonates, which continuously maintain a slightly alkaline environment around the grain bags, disrupting the survival conditions of mold and providing long-lasting inhibition of Aspergillus and Penicillium growth. It achieves a dual effect of physical and alkaline antibacterial action, eliminating the need for chemical fungicides. The alkaline components are mild and stable, do not decompose rapidly, are not affected by storage temperature fluctuations, do not degrade quickly at high temperatures, and maintain an alkaline antibacterial environment even at low temperatures, without producing corrosive acidic decomposition gases. As a plant-derived inorganic salt, it contains no organic pesticide components and will not penetrate into the grains to form residues; it has no toxic effect on seed embryos and will not cause a decrease in germination rate. Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract relies on natural volatile essential oils to repel storage pests and inhibit the germination of mold spores, replacing aluminum phosphide, organophosphates, and chlorinated chemical pesticides. This eliminates chemical pesticide residues at the source, meeting the safety standards for green grains, oils, and seeds. The plant essential oils are doubly sealed by mineral pores and a chitosan membrane, resulting in a slow evaporation rate. They do not rapidly evaporate at high temperatures and continue to release insect-repelling components slowly at low temperatures, extending the efficacy period. The natural plant components are gentle, will not corrode storage facilities, and decompose only into small-molecule organic matter without producing irritating or toxic fumes. Simultaneously, they do not erode seed embryo tissue, effectively protecting seed germination activity. Chitosan forms a film upon contact with water, creating a breathable membrane on the surface of mineral particles. This membrane effectively encapsulates the volatile essential oils of artemisia and peppermint, significantly reducing oil evaporation and loss. This addresses the issues of rapid loss and short-lived efficacy of plant extracts, while also improving efficacy stability under high and low temperature conditions. Chitosan itself possesses natural antibacterial activity, inhibiting mold mycelial growth and further enhancing the antibacterial effect, thus reducing the need for chemical antibacterial agents. The film-forming material is non-toxic and biodegradable, not a chemical fumigant, and leaves no pesticide residue. The membrane is stable and will not decompose or produce corrosive gases under temperature and humidity changes. It does not penetrate seed cells and does not affect seed germination rate. Maifan stone micro powder is an inert porous mineral filler that optimizes the overall pore structure of the powder, improves material flowability, prevents powder compaction and caking, and ensures long-term air permeability and moisture absorption of the material inside the bag. It releases trace minerals, creating a microenvironment unfavorable to the survival of storage pests, thus aiding in insect repellent and antibacterial action. It is chemically inert, its properties remain unchanged under high and low temperatures, and it produces no decomposition products. With no added chemical agents, there are no pesticide residue issues, and it will not harm seed cells, ensuring the germination ability of seed grains. The specific preparation steps of this insect-repellent, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition are as follows: Step 1: Inorganic porous carrier mixing: Activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, natural zeolite powder, bentonite, and maifanite powder are sequentially added into a horizontal double cone mixer. The mixture is then dry-mixed in a sealed environment for 20-30 minutes at a speed of 25-35 r / min to ensure that the porous mineral powders are fully mixed and to construct a multi-level pore structure, which is responsible for adsorbing moisture and mold spores from the grain pile. Activated and modified diatomaceous earth shale, natural zeolite powder, bentonite, and maifanite micro powder are thoroughly dry-mixed to construct an interconnected multi-level porous structure. This composite porous system significantly enhances water vapor adsorption capacity, enabling continuous absorption of moisture from the grain pile for long-term moisture protection and disrupting the high-humidity environment conducive to mold growth. The abundant micropores effectively adsorb mold spores, inhibiting their diffusion and germination. Pre-mixed inorganic carriers lay the foundation for subsequent loading of plant essential oils, preventing localized enrichment and uneven composition of the materials. Pre-mixed mineral powders ensure uniform distribution of insect-repellent components, resulting in consistent insect and moisture protection performance throughout the entire package.

[0016] Step 2: Add alkaline antibacterial powder: Add wood ash extract dry powder to the mixer and continue dry mixing for 15-20 minutes. The weakly alkaline environment of the wood ash extract inhibits the growth of mold and at the same time desensitizes the cuticle of the pests. The carbonates and potassium salts in wood ash continuously create a weakly alkaline microenvironment, inhibiting the growth of storage molds such as Penicillium and Aspergillus, achieving antibacterial action without chemical agents; the weakly alkaline substances can passivate the cuticle of stored pests, destroy their epidermal structure, reduce their activity, and help improve the insect repellent effect; the solid alkaline inorganic salts are evenly dispersed between the mineral pores, providing a long-lasting slow-release effect that is unaffected by storage temperature fluctuations and will not quickly become ineffective.

[0017] Step 3: Loading plant insect repellent extracts: Dissolve chitosan thoroughly in a small amount of 40-45℃ warm water to prepare a chitosan colloidal solution with a mass fraction of 1.6%-2%. Evenly disperse the Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract into the chitosan colloidal solution and stir at low speed to prepare a stable suspension. Use a high-pressure atomizing nozzle to slowly spray the suspension onto the surface of the tumbling mineral mixed powder, continuously mixing while spraying. This allows the plant insect repellent components to be adsorbed by the pores of the diatomaceous earth shale, and the chitosan to form a film to lock in the volatile essential oils, reducing evaporation and loss. Chitosan dissolves in warm water to form a colloid, dispersing the artemisia-menthol extract into a stable suspension, preventing essential oil agglomeration and precipitation. High-pressure atomization spraying allows the plant insect-repelling essential oil to penetrate evenly into the micropores of diatomaceous earth shale, relying on the pores to adsorb and lock in volatile components. Chitosan forms a breathable film on the surface of mineral particles, encapsulating the essential oil within the pores, significantly slowing the outward loss of volatile components such as menthol and artemisia terpenes, solving the problems of rapid evaporation and short efficacy period of plant essential oils. Low-speed tumbling and mixing throughout the process ensures that each mineral powder particle can be loaded with insect-repelling and antibacterial components, resulting in uniform material efficacy. Step 4, Low-temperature curing and coating: After spraying, continue to mix in a sealed environment for 30-40 minutes. Then, spread the material evenly on a tray and place it in a low-temperature hot air drying room at 40-45℃ to dry until the material moisture content is ≤3%. Continue mixing in a sealed environment to allow the chitosan film to fully spread on the particle surface, completing the coating and curing process. Then, use low-temperature hot air drying at 40-45℃ to remove moisture from the system, reducing the moisture content to below 3% to prevent the material from becoming damp and clumping during storage. This also avoids the thermal decomposition of plant essential oils caused by high temperatures, thus preserving the insecticidal active substances completely. After low-temperature curing and molding, the coating structure becomes denser, further extending the sustained-release period of the essential oils and improving the efficacy stability under high and low temperature storage conditions. Step 5: Crushing, Sieving and Packaging of Finished Product: The dried material is crushed by an air jet mill and passed through a 200-270 mesh standard sieve. The sieved powder is then sealed in a vacuum package to isolate it from air and moisture.

[0018] Airflow milling and 200-270 mesh sieving process the powder into a uniform fine powder, ensuring that the pores are fully open and that the ability to absorb moisture and adsorb spores is not blocked by large particles. At the same time, the powder is loose and has good air permeability when packed into a non-woven bag, allowing moisture to penetrate into the powder smoothly. Vacuum sealing packaging isolates the product from external air and moisture, preventing the finished product from absorbing moisture and releasing essential oils prematurely during storage, ensuring stable performance of the product during storage, and maintaining efficacy before opening and use. The preparation steps of the activated modified diatom shale are as follows: the original diatom shale is crushed into 180-200 mesh powder, placed in a rotary calcining furnace, and calcined at a constant temperature of 400-420℃ for 2.5h to remove organic matter and crystal water in the pores, open the porous channels, take out the powder, soak and stir it with a 2-3% citric acid aqueous solution for 1.5h, separate the solid and liquid, rinse with water until neutral; dry at 100-110℃, and crush it again to 280-320 mesh to obtain a porous activated modified diatom shale carrier.

[0019] High-temperature roasting burns away the organic matter and crystal water inside the shale, opening up the closed micropores and greatly improving the porosity and moisture absorption capacity. Citric acid washing unclogs the pores and removes impurities, further improving the adsorption capacity. It can adsorb water vapor and stably adsorb plant essential oils. Secondary refining to 280-320 mesh fully exposes the micropores, making them the core adsorption carrier of the entire composition. The preparation steps of the wood ash extract drying powder are as follows: sieve straw and wood ash through a 100-mesh sieve, mix ash and deionized water at a ratio of 1:6, soak at room temperature for 8 hours with intermittent stirring, filter to obtain the supernatant, and remove solid ash residue; concentrate the supernatant under reduced pressure to a thick paste, spray dry, control the inlet air temperature at 160℃ and the outlet air temperature at 75℃ during spray drying, pulverize into 200-250 mesh powder, and enrich potassium salts and alkaline antibacterial substances.

[0020] Water extraction fully dissolves potassium salts and alkaline antibacterial substances, filtration removes insoluble impurities from solid ash residue to prevent impurities from clogging mineral pores, and concentration and spray drying enrich the alkaline active ingredients to obtain a high-purity alkaline antibacterial powder. A small amount can be added to maintain a weakly alkaline environment for a long time. Controlling the spray drying temperature ensures the stability of the alkaline salt properties and prevents decomposition and inactivation.

[0021] The preparation steps of the Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract are as follows: dried Artemisia argyi stems and leaves and peppermint leaves are mixed and pulverized at a mass ratio of 3:1, and extracted twice by ethanol-water reflux with a volume ratio of 7:3 for 2 hours each time. The extracts are combined, the ethanol is recovered under vacuum, and the extract is concentrated into an extract. The extract is spray-dried at low temperature to make a plant medicine powder, retaining the volatile insect-repellent and antibacterial essential oil components and avoiding high-temperature decomposition.

[0022] Ethanol-water solution is refluxed for extraction to fully dissolve terpenes, menthol and other insect-repellent and antibacterial essential oils. The extracts are combined and the solvent is recovered at low temperature. Low temperature spray drying is then carried out to avoid high temperature throughout the process and prevent the volatile insect-repellent components from decomposing due to heat. The resulting dry powder is easier to disperse in chitosan colloid, which facilitates subsequent atomization spraying and loading into the mineral pores. Natural zeolite powder, bentonite and maifanite powder need to be ball-milled to 300-325 mesh before use, and then dried in a hot air oven at 100-105℃ for 2 hours to completely remove free water and prevent subsequent components from agglomerating and clumping. Zeolite, bentonite, and maifanite are ball-milled to a fine mesh to increase the specific surface area and improve the multi-level pore structure. High-temperature drying removes the free water inside the powder to prevent the minerals from absorbing water and swelling when they come into contact with water and causing the material to agglomerate and clump when the aqueous solution colloid is added later, thus ensuring that the powder is loose and porous. When using this insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition, the finished powder should be packed into breathable non-woven bags and buried in layers on the surface and lower middle layers of the grain pile, with 1.2-1.5 kg of the composition placed per ton of grain.

[0023] The powder is packed into breathable non-woven bags, which can freely absorb moisture from the grain pile without causing dust to contaminate the grain. It is buried in layers on the surface and middle layers of the grain pile, with multiple points of distribution, to control the humidity of the entire warehouse, inhibit mold, and repel pests. The amount used is limited to 1.2-1.5 kg per ton of grain, which can achieve the effect of preventing insects and moisture without excessive waste of raw materials, and ensure that the storage cost is controllable.

[0024] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or basic characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A diatomaceous earth-based insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition for grain storage, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing this insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition include: 50-65 parts of activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, 12-18 parts of natural zeolite powder, 6-10 parts of bentonite, 4-7 parts of wood ash extract dried powder, 3-6 parts of Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract, 1.5-3 parts of chitosan, and 2-5 parts of maifanite micro powder. The specific preparation steps of this insect-repellent, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition are as follows: Step 1: Inorganic porous carrier mixing: Activated modified diatomaceous earth shale, natural zeolite powder, bentonite, and maifanite powder are sequentially added into a horizontal double cone mixer. The mixture is then dry-mixed in a sealed environment for 20-30 minutes at a speed of 25-35 r / min to ensure that the porous mineral powders are fully mixed and to construct a multi-level pore structure, which is responsible for adsorbing moisture and mold spores from the grain pile. Step 2: Add alkaline antibacterial powder: Add wood ash extract dry powder to the mixer and continue dry mixing for 15-20 minutes. The weakly alkaline environment of the wood ash extract inhibits the growth of mold and at the same time desensitizes the cuticle of the pests. Step 3: Loading plant insect repellent extracts: Dissolve chitosan thoroughly in a small amount of 40-45℃ warm water to prepare a chitosan colloidal solution with a mass fraction of 1.6%-2%. Evenly disperse the Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract into the chitosan colloidal solution and stir at low speed to prepare a stable suspension. Use a high-pressure atomizing nozzle to slowly spray the suspension onto the surface of the tumbling mineral mixed powder, continuously mixing while spraying. This allows the plant insect repellent components to be adsorbed by the pores of the diatomaceous earth shale, and the chitosan to form a film to lock in the volatile essential oils, reducing evaporation and loss. Step 4, Low-temperature curing and coating: After spraying, continue to mix in a sealed environment for 30-40 minutes. Then, spread the material evenly on a tray and place it in a low-temperature hot air drying room at 40-45℃ to dry until the material moisture content is ≤3%. Step 5: Crushing, Sieving and Packaging of Finished Product: The dried material is crushed by an air jet mill and passed through a 200-270 mesh standard sieve. The sieved powder is then sealed in a vacuum package to isolate it from air and moisture.

2. The insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for grain storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the activated modified diatom shale are as follows: the original diatom shale is crushed into 180-200 mesh powder, placed in a rotary calcining furnace, and calcined at a constant temperature of 400-420℃ for 2.5h to remove organic matter and crystal water in the pores, open the porous channels, take out the powder, soak and stir it with a 2-3% citric acid aqueous solution for 1.5h, separate the solid and liquid, rinse with water until neutral; dry at 100-110℃, and crush it again to 280-320 mesh to obtain a porous activated modified diatom shale carrier.

3. The insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for grain storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the wood ash extract drying powder are as follows: sieve straw and wood ash through a 100-mesh sieve, mix ash and deionized water at a ratio of 1:6, soak at room temperature for 8 hours with intermittent stirring, filter to obtain the supernatant, and remove solid ash residue; concentrate the supernatant under reduced pressure to a thick paste, spray dry, control the inlet air temperature at 160℃ and the outlet air temperature at 75℃ during spray drying, pulverize into 200-250 mesh powder, and enrich potassium salts and alkaline antibacterial substances.

4. The insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for grain storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the Artemisia argyi-peppermint plant compound extract are as follows: dried Artemisia argyi stems and leaves and peppermint leaves are mixed and pulverized at a mass ratio of 3:1, and extracted twice by ethanol-water reflux with a volume ratio of 7:3 for 2 hours each time. The extracts are combined, the ethanol is recovered under vacuum, and the extract is concentrated into an extract. The extract is spray-dried at low temperature to make a plant medicine powder, retaining the volatile insect-repellent and antibacterial essential oil components and avoiding high-temperature decomposition.

5. The insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for grain storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Natural zeolite powder, bentonite, and maifanite powder need to be ball-milled to 300-325 mesh before use, and then dried in a hot air oven at 100-105℃ for 2 hours to completely remove free water and prevent subsequent components from agglomerating.

6. The insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition based on diatomaceous earth minerals for grain storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: When using this insect-proof, antibacterial, and moisture-proof composition, the finished powder should be packed into breathable non-woven bags and buried in layers on the surface and lower middle layers of the grain pile, with 1.2-1.5 kg of the composition placed per ton of grain.

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