A planning device and method for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation of craniosynostosis

Abstract

This invention relates to a planning device and method for preoperative simulation of individualized preoperative surgical design for craniosynostosis. The planning device includes a shell, a skull support and fixation device, several electrode pads, a wiring module, a liquid circulation pipeline, a liquid collector, a peristaltic pump, a control module, control knobs, and a control panel. This invention adds an auxiliary judgment program to the preoperative simulation. By adding liquid circulation and electrode pads to the skull model, it achieves real-time pressure sensing when the surgeon makes the incision. When the surgeon reaches the set position, the signal from the electrode pads is transmitted to the control module and further displayed on the screen to remind the surgeon that the skull at that location has been completely cut. If the force is too strong or exceeds the set trajectory, such as cutting the electrode pads or the liquid circulation pipeline below the electrode pads, the electrode pads generate an error signal. When the surgeon removes the scalpel, the stained liquid from the ruptured liquid circulation pipeline stains the scalpel, further alerting the surgeon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and in particular to a planning device and method for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation for craniosynostosis. Background Technology

[0002] Craniosynostosis is a group of disorders caused by the premature closure of cranial sutures in different parts of the skull, leading to alterations in skull growth and affecting the normal development of the head and brain. In some cases, the cranial cavity has sufficient space to accommodate brain development, but this can still result in skull deformities and abnormal facial features. In other cases, the cranial cavity is too small to accommodate normal brain development, leading to increased intracranial pressure and causing visual impairment, sleep disorders, difficulty swallowing, or intellectual disability and intellectual impairment.

[0003] For all types of craniosynostosis, surgery is currently the only treatment. Through surgical intervention, doctors strive to regulate the shape of the skull to ensure normal development of the cranial vault. If craniosynostosis is left untreated, the skull deformity will gradually worsen, severely impacting the patient's appearance and normal function.

[0004] Current surgical treatment options mainly include craniosynostosis reconstruction surgery or partial craniectomy for decompression. After surgery, not only can the patient's appearance return to normal, but also symptoms such as increased intracranial pressure, weakened vision, and mental disorders can be improved to varying degrees. The surgery has two important objectives: first, to completely disassemble the deformed skull to relieve pressure on the brain; and second, to divide the skull, shape each piece into the desired form, and then reassemble them—a process akin to playing a puzzle. Figure 1 The most crucial technique involves redesigning, dividing, removing, and reassembling the existing skull to achieve both reconstructive and therapeutic effects.

[0005] Each craniosynostosis correction surgery is unique. Previously, craniosynostosis surgery relied entirely on intraoperative dissection and experience, with the outcome only visible after the scalp was sutured. Currently, 3D CT scans are used to assess the degree of craniosynostosis. Based on the surgeon's experience, the cutting shape and route are designed on 2D CT scans or paper. During the surgery, the cutting shape, route, and splicing method are adjusted on-site according to the actual situation. This conventional method has many problems: some cranioplasties do not necessarily require cutting and splicing all the skull bones, but only cutting, separating and splicing parts of the skull, making it difficult to design a plan before surgery; cranioplasty involves three-dimensional spatial positioning, and it is difficult to fully consider the three-dimensional spatial relationship between the bone flaps during cranioplasty on a two-dimensional plane; due to the lack of effective means, the surgical plan cannot be effectively transferred to the surgical procedure, the excised bone flaps cannot be optimally utilized, and it is difficult to obtain accurate splicing relationships between the bone flaps, thus making it difficult to achieve the expected plastic surgery results designed in the preoperative plan; because the surgical plan cannot be fully implemented during the operation, the protection of important locations and anatomical structures planned in the preoperative plan cannot be achieved during the operation; the operation cannot be meticulous and precise, resulting in excessive cutting of the skull, causing great damage to the bone flaps, which is not conducive to postoperative healing and may lead to bleeding; the operation time is long, affecting the patient's blood supply, blood pressure and metabolism, increasing the uncertainty of the operation and increasing the surgical risk. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation in craniosynostosis. This device incorporates an auxiliary judgment program into the preoperative simulation. By adding a fluid circulation system and electrode pads to the skull model, it achieves real-time pressure sensing when the surgeon makes the incision. When the surgeon reaches the set position—the predetermined cut in the skull—the signal from the electrode pads is transmitted to the control module, further displayed on the screen to remind the surgeon that the skull at that location has been completely cut. However, if the force is too strong or exceeds the set trajectory, such as cutting the electrode pads or the fluid circulation pipes beneath them, the electrode pads are damaged, and the resulting signal is transmitted to the control module, further displayed on the screen to remind the surgeon of an operational error. When the surgeon removes the scalpel, the ruptured fluid from the fluid circulation pipes stains the scalpel, alerting the surgeon that the preoperative simulation has failed. The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation for craniosynostosis, the planning device comprising a shell, a skull support and fixation device, several electrode pads, a wiring module, a liquid circulation pipeline, a liquid collector, a peristaltic pump, a control module, a control knob and a control panel;

[0008] The skull support and fixation device is fixed to the upper surface of the outer shell. The wiring module, the liquid collector, the peristaltic pump, and the control module are all located inside the outer shell. The control panel and control knob are embedded in the front surface of the outer shell. The wiring module, the liquid collector, the peristaltic pump, and the control panel are all controlled by the control module. The plurality of electrode plates are connected to the wiring module through wires.

[0009] The electrode pads are disposed inside the skull model and located below the cut point of the skull model. The electrode pads are used to determine whether the surgeon has completely cut open the skull at the cut point.

[0010] The liquid circulation pipeline includes a peristaltic pump inlet pipe and several peristaltic pump outlet pipes;

[0011] One end of the peristaltic pump inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the liquid collector, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the peristaltic pump.

[0012] Several peristaltic pump outlet pipes are connected at one end to the outlet of the peristaltic pump, and at the other end pass through the skull model and connect to the inlet of the liquid collector;

[0013] The peristaltic pump outlet pipe is located inside the skull simulation and is embedded below the electrode pads to determine whether the surgeon has cut too deeply or too forcefully.

[0014] The control knob is used to control the peristaltic pump to turn on and off;

[0015] The control panel is used to receive and display information from the control module.

[0016] Preferably, the control panel is a touch screen.

[0017] Preferably, the control module is a Siemens control module.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes an air switch;

[0019] Preferably, the skull support and fixation device is a disc-shaped structure, and the skull support and fixation device is provided with a plurality of liquid collection holes, which are connected to the inlet of the liquid collector through pipes.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a liquid level sensor and an indicator light;

[0021] The liquid level sensor is located inside the liquid collector. The liquid level sensor detects the liquid level inside the liquid collector in real time and transmits the liquid level signal to the control module. The indicator light is located on the side of the housing.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a planning method for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation for craniosynostosis, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. Before the preoperative simulation, open the control panel to display the current status of the electrode pads;

[0024] S2, turn on the peristaltic pump, and the liquid in the collector circulates in the liquid circulation pipeline;

[0025] S3, Preoperative simulation begins;

[0026] S4, when the surgeon cuts the skull with a scalpel, the control module judges the skull cutting status in real time;

[0027] When the scalpel cuts through the skull and comes into contact with the electrode pad, the electrode pad generates a first warning signal and transmits it to the control module; proceed to S5;

[0028] When the scalpel cuts the electrode pad but not the circulating fluid line located below the electrode pad, the electrode pad generates a second warning signal and transmits it to the control module; proceed to S8;

[0029] When the scalpel cuts the electrode pad but not the circulating fluid line located below the electrode pad, the electrode pad generates a third warning signal and transmits it to the control module; proceed to S11;

[0030] S5, the control module parses the first warning signal and sends the first warning information of the current cutting point to the control panel;

[0031] S6, the control panel displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the caster to proceed to the next cutting point;

[0032] S7, all preset cutting points are completely cut, and the cutting step ends;

[0033] S8, the control module parses the second warning signal and sends the current cutting point second warning information to the control panel;

[0034] S9, the control panel displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the practitioner that the current cutting force is too large or the cut is too deep. When cutting the next cutting point, the cutting force should be reduced and the cutting depth should be reduced until all the predetermined cutting points are completely cut, and the step ends.

[0035] S10, all preset cutting points are completely cut, and the cutting step ends;

[0036] S11, The control module parses the third warning signal and sends the current cutting point third warning information to the control panel;

[0037] S12, the control panel displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the surgeon that the current cutting force is too large or the cutting is too deep, and the surgical simulation has failed.

[0038] Preferably, when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid inside the liquid collector is too low, it sends a liquid level alarm signal to the control module. The control module analyzes the liquid level alarm signal and controls the indicator light to flash, reminding the practitioner that the liquid inside the liquid collector is too low.

[0039] This invention adds an auxiliary judgment program to the preoperative simulation of craniosynostosis. By adding a liquid circulation pipeline and electrode pads to the skull model, it realizes real-time pressure sensing when the surgeon makes the incision. When the surgeon reaches the set position, that is, the set position to cut the skull, the signal fed back by the electrode pads is transmitted to the control module, and further displayed on the display screen to remind the surgeon that the skull at that position has been completely cut. If the force is too strong or exceeds the set trajectory, such as cutting the electrode pads or the liquid circulation pipeline below the electrode pads, the electrode pads are damaged, and the generated signal is transmitted to the control module, and further displayed on the display screen to remind the surgeon of the operation error. When the surgeon removes the scalpel, the dyeing liquid after the liquid circulation pipeline breaks will stain the blade, alerting the surgeon that the preoperative simulation has failed. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Identical parts are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific part, respectively.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the planning device in the embodiment of the present invention (the skull model, liquid circulation pipeline and wiring electrode lines are not shown);

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the internal structure of the planned device (liquid circulation pipelines and wiring electrode lines are not shown);

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planned device is shown (the liquid circulation pipeline and electrode circuit have been drawn);

[0045] It should be noted that the liquid circulation pipeline and electrode circuit mentioned in this invention are multiple; this is done to simplify the structure. Figure 3 Only one liquid circulation pipeline and two electrode lines are shown, but those skilled in the art should know that craniosynostosis resection requires cutting multiple skull points, so there should be multiple electrode pads and multiple electrode lines. The liquid circulation pipeline corresponds to the electrode pads and naturally includes multiple lines.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a right-side cross-sectional view of the planning device in an embodiment of the present invention, and this figure is designated as the abstract drawing.

[0047] In the above figures, the symbols used for each figure are as follows:

[0048] 1. Outer shell;

[0049] 2. Skull support and fixation device;

[0050] 3. Electrode plates;

[0051] 4. Wiring module;

[0052] 5. Skull model;

[0053] 6. Liquid collector;

[0054] 7. Peristaltic pump;

[0055] 8. Control module;

[0056] 9. Control knob;

[0057] 10. Control Panel;

[0058] 11. Liquid level sensor;

[0059] 12. Indicator lights;

[0060] 13. Connecting electrode wires;

[0061] 14. Peristaltic pump inlet pipe;

[0062] 15. Peristaltic pump outlet pipe;

[0063] 16. Air switch. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used in the detailed description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0066] In the description of specific embodiments of the present invention, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0067] In this invention, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this invention can be combined with other embodiments.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0069] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below through examples. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these examples.

[0070] Example

[0071] In one specific embodiment, such as Figures 1-4As shown, a planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation in craniosynostosis is disclosed. The planning device includes a shell 1, a skull support and fixation device 2, several electrode pads 3, a wiring module 4, a liquid circulation pipeline, a liquid collector 6, a peristaltic pump 7, a control module 8, a control knob 9, a control panel 10, a liquid level sensor 11, and indicator lights 12. The skull support and fixation device 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the shell 1. The wiring module 4, the liquid collector 6, the peristaltic pump 7, and the control module 8 are all located inside the shell 1. The control panel 10 and the control knob 9 are embedded in the front surface of the shell 1. The wiring module 4, the liquid collector 6, the peristaltic pump 7, and the control panel 10 are all controlled by the control module 8. Several electrode pads 3 are connected to the wiring module 4 through wiring electrode wires 13. Several electrode pads 3 are disposed on the skull. Inside the bone model and below the cut point of the skull model, electrode 3 is used to determine whether the surgeon has completely cut the skull at the cut point; the liquid circulation pipeline includes a peristaltic pump inlet pipe 14 and several peristaltic pump outlet pipes 15; one end of the peristaltic pump inlet pipe 14 is connected to the outlet of the liquid collector 6, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the peristaltic pump 7; one end of several peristaltic pump outlet pipes 15 is connected to the outlet of the peristaltic pump 7, and the other end passes through the skull model and connects to the inlet of the liquid collector 6; the part of the peristaltic pump outlet pipe 15 located inside the skull simulation is embedded below the electrode 3 and is used to determine whether the surgeon has cut too deeply or too forcefully; the control knob 9 is used to control the opening and closing of the peristaltic pump 7; the control panel 10 is used to receive and display information from the control module 8. The skull support and fixation device 2 has a disc-shaped structure and is provided with several liquid collection holes. The liquid collection holes are connected to the inlet of the liquid collector 6 through pipes. The liquid level sensor 11 is located inside the liquid collector 6. The liquid level sensor 11 detects the liquid level inside the liquid collector 6 in real time and transmits the liquid level signal to the control module 8. The indicator light 12 is located on the side of the outer shell 1.

[0072] This embodiment also includes an air switch 16;

[0073] The specific applications of this invention are as follows:

[0074] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a planning method for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation for craniosynostosis, the method comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1. Before the preoperative simulation, open the control panel 10 to display the current status of the electrode pads 3;

[0076] S2, turn the control knob 9, the peristaltic pump 7 starts to work, and the liquid in the liquid collector 6 circulates in the liquid circulation pipeline;

[0077] S3, Preoperative simulation begins;

[0078] S4, when the surgeon cuts the skull with a scalpel, the control module 8 judges the skull cutting status in real time; in this embodiment, the control module 8 judges the surgeon's operation process by receiving signals from the electrode 3 in real time, and the specific judgment process is as follows:

[0079] When the scalpel cuts through the skull and comes into contact with electrode 3, electrode 3 generates a first warning signal and transmits it to control module 8; proceed to S5;

[0080] When the scalpel cuts through electrode 3 but not through the circulating fluid line located below electrode 3, electrode 3 generates a second warning signal and transmits it to control module 8; enter S8;

[0081] When the scalpel cuts through electrode 3 but not through the circulating fluid line located below electrode 3, electrode 3 generates a third warning signal and transmits it to control module 8; proceed to S11;

[0082] S5, the control module 8 parses the first warning signal and sends the first warning information of the current cutting point to the control panel 10;

[0083] S6, Control Panel 10 displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the caster to proceed with the next cutting point;

[0084] S7, all preset cutting points are completely cut, and the cutting step ends;

[0085] S8, the control module 8 parses the second warning signal and sends the current cutting point second warning information to the control panel 10;

[0086] S9, Control Panel 10 displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the practitioner that the current cutting force is too large or the cut is too deep. When cutting the next cutting point, the cutting force should be reduced and the cutting depth should be reduced until all predetermined cutting points are completely cut, and the step ends.

[0087] S10, all preset cutting points are completely cut, and the cutting step ends;

[0088] S11, the control module 8 parses the third warning signal and sends the current cutting point third warning information to the control panel 10;

[0089] S12, Control Panel 10 displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the surgeon that the current cutting force is too large or the cutting is too deep, and the surgical simulation has failed.

[0090] When the liquid level sensor 11 detects that the liquid inside the liquid collector 6 is too low, it sends a liquid level alarm signal to the control module 8. The control module 8 analyzes the liquid level alarm signal and controls the indicator light 12 to flash, reminding the practitioner that the liquid inside the liquid collector 6 is too low.

[0091] It should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation in craniosynostosis, characterized in that, It includes an outer shell, a skull support and fixation device, several electrode pads, a wiring module, a liquid circulation pipeline, a liquid collector, a peristaltic pump, a control module, a control knob, and a control panel; The skull support and fixation device is fixed to the upper surface of the outer shell. The wiring module, the liquid collector, the peristaltic pump, and the control module are all located inside the outer shell. The control panel and control knob are embedded in the front surface of the outer shell. The wiring module, the liquid collector, the peristaltic pump, and the control panel are all controlled by the control module. The plurality of electrode plates are connected to the wiring module through wires. The electrode pads are disposed inside the skull model and located below the cut point of the skull model. The electrode pads are used to determine whether the surgeon has completely cut open the skull at the cut point. The liquid circulation pipeline includes a peristaltic pump inlet pipe and several peristaltic pump outlet pipes; One end of the peristaltic pump inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the liquid collector, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the peristaltic pump. Several peristaltic pump outlet pipes are connected at one end to the outlet of the peristaltic pump, and at the other end pass through the skull model and connect to the inlet of the liquid collector; The peristaltic pump outlet pipe is located inside the skull simulation and is embedded below the electrode pads to determine whether the surgeon has cut too deeply or too forcefully. The control knob is used to control the peristaltic pump to turn on and off; The control panel is used to receive and display information from the control module.

2. The planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation of craniosynostosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control panel is a touch screen.

3. The planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation of craniosynostosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is a Siemens control module.

4. The planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation of craniosynostosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes air switches.

5. The planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation of craniosynostosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skull support and fixation device is a disc-shaped structure, and the skull support and fixation device is provided with several liquid collection holes, which are connected to the water inlet of the liquid collector through pipes.

6. The planning device for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation of craniosynostosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a level sensor and indicator lights; The liquid level sensor is located inside the liquid collector. The liquid level sensor detects the liquid level inside the liquid collector in real time and transmits the liquid level signal to the control module. The indicator light is located on the side of the housing.

7. A planning method for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation in craniosynostosis, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1. Before the preoperative simulation, open the control panel to display the current status of the electrode pads; S2, turn on the peristaltic pump, and the liquid in the collector circulates in the liquid circulation pipeline; S3, Preoperative simulation begins; S4, when the surgeon cuts the skull with a scalpel, the control module judges the skull cutting status in real time; When the scalpel cuts through the skull and comes into contact with the electrode pad, the electrode pad generates a first warning signal and transmits it to the control module; Enter S5; When the scalpel cuts the electrode pad but not the circulating fluid line located below the electrode pad, the electrode pad generates a second warning signal and transmits it to the control module; proceed to S8; When the scalpel cuts the electrode pad but not the circulating fluid line located below the electrode pad, the electrode pad generates a third warning signal and transmits it to the control module; proceed to S11; S5, the control module parses the first warning signal and sends the first warning information of the current cutting point to the control panel; S6, the control panel displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the caster to proceed to the next cutting point; S7, all preset cutting points are completely cut, and the cutting step ends; S8, the control module parses the second warning signal and sends the current cutting point second warning information to the control panel; S9, the control panel displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the practitioner that the current cutting force is too large or the cut is too deep. When cutting the next cutting point, the cutting force should be reduced and the cutting depth should be reduced until all the predetermined cutting points are completely cut, and the step ends. S10, all preset cutting points are completely cut, and the cutting step ends; S11, The control module parses the third warning signal and sends the current cutting point third warning information to the control panel; S12, the control panel displays that the current cutting point has been completely cut, reminding the surgeon that the current cutting force is too large or the cutting is too deep, and the surgical simulation has failed.

8. The planning method for individualized preoperative surgical design simulation in craniosynostosis according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid inside the collector is too low, it sends a liquid level alarm signal to the control module. The control module analyzes the liquid level alarm signal and controls the indicator light to flash, reminding the operator that the liquid inside the collector is too low.

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