Kit for harvesting and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface in foot and ankle surgery

Abstract

This invention discloses a kit for recovering and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery, belonging to the field of foot and ankle surgical instrument technology. This invention aims to solve the problems of waste of discarded autologous tissue during surgery, lack of autologous biological healing support at the Achilles tendon insertion interface, and lack of dedicated processing and delivery instruments. The kit includes a bony tissue collection box, a bursal tissue collection box, an enzyme-free mechanical processing module, and a blunt-end interface delivery and placement module. The processing module adopts a coaxial dual-cavity structure; the central grinding cavity enzyme-free grinds the bony tissue and controls its diameter, while the outer annular shearing cavity shears and fragments the bursal tissue. The placement module uses a blunt-end mesh structure to evenly place tissue towards the insertion interface. This invention can simultaneously recover and reuse discarded autologous tissue during surgery, providing autologous biological coverage for the Achilles tendon insertion interface, without additional donor site damage, maintaining a completely sterile and closed process, simplifying operation, and adapting to various foot and ankle surgical procedures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a kit for recovering and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Haglund syndrome, also known as posterior superior calcaneal protuberance pain syndrome, clinically often presents as a combination of posterior superior calcaneal osteophyte formation, insertional Achilles tendinitis, and posterior calcaneal bursitis. The pathological mechanism is closely related to the repeated impact and wear on the Achilles tendon insertion and posterior calcaneal bursa during ankle joint movement caused by the osteophyte formation. For patients who do not respond to conservative treatment, surgical treatment is usually adopted clinically. Surgical approaches include open approaches (posterior midline approach, Achilles tendon split approach) and arthroscopic approaches. During the operation, routine procedures include excision of the degenerated and hypertrophic posterior superior calcaneal osteophyte, debridement of the inflamed posterior calcaneal bursa, and repair of the degenerated tissue at the Achilles tendon insertion. If the integrity of the Achilles tendon insertion is compromised, suture anchors are required for insertion reconstruction and fixation.

[0003] Currently, in routine clinical practice, degenerated osteophytes, retrocalcaneal bursa tissue, and bone fragments removed during surgery are all discarded directly as surgical waste. The inventors' research has revealed several shortcomings in existing techniques: First, the long-term efficacy of Achilles tendon insertion reconstruction depends on the quality of biological healing at the insertion-bone interface. Existing suture anchors only provide mechanical fixation and cannot provide an autologous biological microenvironment for interface healing, leading to postoperative risks of recurrence of insertion pain and re-tearing. Adding exogenous biological materials (such as artificial bone or allogeneic collagen) during surgery is not only costly but also carries potential risks of immune rejection and disease transmission. Second, the autologous osteophytes removed during surgery contain osteogenic active components, and the retrocalcaneal bursa contains autologous soft tissue matrix. Both could be utilized as autologous biological covering materials for the insertion interface, but they are discarded in current procedures, resulting in a waste of autologous biological resources. Harvesting autologous grafts from the iliac bone, fat pad, or other sites further increases donor site trauma, prolongs surgery time, and increases the risk of postoperative complications. Third, existing autologous tissue processing devices are mostly designed for orthopedic bone grafting scenarios and cannot simultaneously adapt to the differentiated processing needs of two heterogeneous tissues: bony hard tissue and bursal soft tissue. If a single grinding structure is used, it is easy to cause excessive fragmentation and loss of activity in soft tissue. If a single shearing structure is used, it is impossible to finely grind and control the diameter of bony tissue, making it difficult to meet the particle size requirements for thin-layer placement at the Achilles tendon insertion interface. Fourth, existing tissue delivery instruments are mostly sharp pushing structures, which are difficult to adapt to the curved surface at the Achilles tendon insertion point, easily causing iatrogenic damage to tendon tissue and bone surface, and cannot ensure uniform placement of grafts within a narrow interface, thus limiting the clinical application effect.

[0004] Therefore, developing a specialized kit that can simultaneously recover two types of discarded autologous tissues during the same surgical procedure, perform differentiated enzyme-free treatment, and safely and uniformly deliver them to the Achilles tendon insertion interface is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a kit for recovering and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery, which can solve the technical problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously recover two types of discarded autologous tissue, perform differentiated enzyme-free treatment, and safely and uniformly deliver them to the Achilles tendon insertion interface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a kit for recovering and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery, comprising a bony tissue collection box, a bursa tissue collection box, an enzyme-free mechanical processing module, and a blunt-end interface delivery and placement module. The enzyme-free mechanical processing module includes a main housing, inside which is a central grinding chamber. Inside the central grinding chamber is a rotatable and liftable movable grinding core. The movable grinding core is connected to the main housing via a central transmission rod passing through the top of the main housing. The outer surface of the movable grinding core is radially provided with grinding teeth. Fixed grinding protrusions are provided on the inner wall of the central grinding chamber. A rotatable shearing outer cylinder is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the main housing. The inner sidewall of the shearing outer cylinder and the outer sidewall of the main housing are respectively provided with staggered movable shearing blades and fixed shearing blades. The upper part of the main housing and the upper part of the shearing outer cylinder are respectively provided with bone tissue insertion port and bursa tissue insertion port. A collection chamber is detachably connected to the lower end of the main housing. Several material discharge channels are provided on the top of the collection chamber at the position corresponding to the shearing outer cylinder. An array of sieve holes is provided on the top of the collection chamber at the position corresponding to the central grinding chamber. The bottom of the collection chamber is connected to the blunt end interface delivery and placement module through a material discharge interface and pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, the blunt-end interface delivery and laying module includes a conveying rod, a piston chamber at the first end of the conveying rod, a push piston inserted from the rear end inside the piston chamber, the piston chamber being connected to a pipeline through a feed interface, and a blunt-end laying head at the second end of the conveying rod, the blunt-end laying head having laying mesh holes evenly distributed at its end.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the blunt-end laying head is spherical.

[0009] Preferably, the central drive rod and the main housing are connected by a threaded connection.

[0010] Preferably, the central grinding cavity is a cone shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the collection bin is sloping, with higher edges and a lower center, and the discharge port is located in the middle of the bottom of the collection bin.

[0012] Preferably, the bony tissue collection box is provided with a detachable grading screen inside, and a collection space is provided between the lower side of the grading screen and the bottom of the bony tissue collection box.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the shearing outer cylinder is provided with a first rotary guide groove that cooperates with the main shell, and the lower end of the shearing outer cylinder is provided with a second rotary guide groove that cooperates with the collection bin.

[0014] Preferably, the outer side of the shearing outer cylinder is provided with an anti-slip operating part.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: First, it enables the simultaneous recycling and reuse of autologous tissue discarded during surgery. Degenerated osteophytes and calcaneal bursa tissue, which were originally surgical waste, are processed and reimplanted at the Achilles tendon insertion-bone interface without the need for additional autologous tissue harvesting. This avoids additional damage to the donor site and also avoids the problems of immune rejection and high cost caused by exogenous biological materials.

[0016] Secondly, it adopts a coaxial dual-cavity differentiated enzyme-free mechanical processing structure. The central grinding cavity precisely grinds the bone tissue and controls the diameter through sieve holes, while the outer annular shearing cavity gently shears and fragments the soft tissue of the bursa. The two types of tissues are physically isolated and can be processed simultaneously, which ensures that the bone fragments are uniform in size and preserves the bioactivity of the soft tissue to the greatest extent. No enzyme digestion, in vitro culture, or exogenous carriers are applied throughout the process, which meets the requirements of aseptic surgery. The processing time is short and it is suitable for short-term operation scenarios during surgery.

[0017] Third, the blunt-ended spherical laying head, with its evenly distributed mesh on the end face, can adapt to the curved physiological surface of the Achilles tendon insertion point, evenly laying the processed tissue into a thin layer for coverage. The blunt, edgeless design can avoid iatrogenic tendon tissue and bone surface damage, making the operation precise and simple.

[0018] Fourth, the entire process from collection and processing to placement is transferred in a closed loop through a sterile pathway, reducing the risk of contamination; the overall structure is compact, the operation threshold is low, and it is suitable for various surgical procedures such as open approach and arthroscopic approach, making it highly clinically practical. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the enzyme-free mechanical processing module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage state of the blunt-end interface delivery and placement module of the present invention.

[0020] Figure label: 1. Bone tissue collection box; 2. Bursa tissue collection box; 3. Enzyme-free mechanical processing module; 4. Blunt end interface delivery and placement module; 5. Piping; 11. Grading screen; 30. Main shell; 31. Central drive rod; 32. Bone tissue placement port; 33. Central grinding chamber; 34. Bursa tissue placement port; 35. Shearing outer cylinder; 36. Fixed grinding protrusion; 37. Collection chamber; 38. Discharge interface; 39. Arrayed sieve holes; 41. Conveying rod; 42. Piston chamber; 43. Pushing piston; 44. Blunt end placement head; 45. Placement mesh; 46. Feeding interface; 100. Achilles tendon insertion point-bone interface; 311. Discharge channel; 312. Moving grinding core; 313. Grinding teeth; 314. Movable shearing blade; 315. Fixed shearing blade; 316. First rotary guide groove; 317. Second rotary guide groove; 351. Anti-slip operating part. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention addresses the technical problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously recover two types of discarded autologous tissues, perform differentiated enzyme-free treatment, and safely and uniformly deliver them to the Achilles tendon insertion interface. The invention provides the following technical solution: a kit for recovering and delivering autologous tissues to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery, comprising a bony tissue collection box 1, a bursa tissue collection box 2, an enzyme-free mechanical processing module 3, and a blunt-end interface delivery and placement module 4. The enzyme-free mechanical processing module 3 includes a main housing 30, inside which is a central grinding chamber 33. Inside the central grinding chamber 33 is a rotatable and liftable moving grinding core 312. The moving grinding core 312 is connected to the main housing 30 via a central transmission rod 31 passing through the top of the main housing 30. The outer surface of the moving grinding core 312 is radially arranged with grinding teeth 313. The central grinding core... The inner wall of cavity 33 is provided with a fixed grinding protrusion 36. A rotatable shearing outer cylinder 35 is coaxially provided on the outer side of the main housing 30. The inner wall of the shearing outer cylinder 35 and the outer wall of the main housing 30 are respectively provided with a staggered arrangement of movable shearing blades 314 and fixed shearing blades 315. The upper part of the main housing 30 and the upper part of the shearing outer cylinder 35 are respectively provided with a bone tissue placement port 32 and a bursa tissue placement port 34. The lower end of the main housing 30 is detachably connected to a collection chamber 37. The top of the collection chamber 37 is provided with a plurality of discharge channels 311 at a position corresponding to the shearing outer cylinder 35. The top of the collection chamber 37 is provided with an array of sieve holes 39 at a position corresponding to the central grinding cavity 33. The bottom of the collection chamber 37 is connected to the blunt end interface delivery and laying module 4 through a discharge interface 38 and a pipeline 5.

[0023] Among them, the bony tissue collection box 1 is used to collect degenerated osteophytes and bone fragments removed during the operation, avoiding tissue scattering and contamination, and providing a carrier for subsequent recycling; the bursa tissue collection box 2 is independent of the bony tissue collection box 1, realizing the separate collection of the two types of tissues, avoiding the mixing of heterogeneous tissues, ensuring the targeted nature of subsequent processing, and preventing soft tissue from being contaminated by bone fragments, thus ensuring the purity of the replanted tissue.

[0024] The enzyme-free mechanical processing module 3 uses a purely mechanical grinding method to process bone tissue. No enzyme preparations are added, no in vitro culture or amplification is performed, and no exogenous substances are introduced, ensuring the safety of reimplantation and meeting the aseptic requirements for autologous tissue reimplantation in the same procedure. The rotating and lifting design of the moving grinding core 312 can control the bone fragment particle size by adjusting the grinding gap to adapt to different placement needs. At the same time, the lifting action can apply continuous pressure to the bone tissue in the cavity, improving grinding efficiency and shortening the intraoperative processing time. The radial grinding teeth 313 and the fixed grinding protrusions 36 work in an alternating manner to grind the bone tissue step by step, ensuring uniform bone fragment particle size, avoiding large particle residue, and improving the flatness of subsequent placement.

[0025] A shearing outer cylinder 35 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the main shell 30, forming an independent annular shearing cavity between the two, which is specifically for treating the soft tissue of the bursa. It is physically isolated from the central grinding cavity, realizing differentiated treatment of hard and soft tissues in separate cavities, and preventing bone fragments from mixing into the soft tissue or soft tissue from entering the grinding cavity and clogging the sieve pores. The movable shearing blade 314 and the fixed shearing blade 315 are arranged alternately. The bursa tissue can be fragmented by rotating the shearing outer cylinder. Compared with grinding treatment, the shearing method can preserve the soft tissue matrix structure and biological activity while fragmenting, avoiding loss of activity due to excessive fragmentation, and is more conducive to the healing of soft tissue at the termination interface.

[0026] The top of the collection chamber 37 is equipped with an array of sieve holes 39 corresponding to the central grinding chamber, which can screen the bone fragments after grinding by particle size, allowing only bone fragments that meet the standard particle size to pass through, ensuring that the output bone fragments have a uniform particle size; the top is equipped with a discharge channel 311 corresponding to the shearing outer cylinder 35, which allows the sheared bursa tissue to fall smoothly into the chamber. At the same time, the channel can limit the tissue strips a second time, preventing excessively long tissue from blocking subsequent pipelines; the collection chamber is detachably connected to the main shell, which is convenient for intraoperative assembly and postoperative disassembly and processing, and is suitable for the use of disposable sterile instruments, while also allowing the surgeon to observe the internal tissue processing.

[0027] The blunt end interface delivery and placement module 4, as the terminal execution component, can deliver the processed autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon insertion-bone interface and complete the placement, realizing a closed loop of the entire process from recycling and processing to placement.

[0028] Therefore, the two types of tissues are collected independently during the collection phase, processed using an adaptive method within an isolated chamber during the processing phase, and finally delivered uniformly through the delivery module. This ensures targeted processing and achieves aseptic operation throughout the entire surgical procedure, eliminating the need for additional transport equipment and significantly shortening surgical time. The coaxial layout of the central grinding chamber and the outer annular shearing chamber makes the processing module compact and small in size, suitable for placement on the operating table and single-handed operation. At the same time, the coaxial structure facilitates manufacturing and reduces the production cost of disposable instruments.

[0029] In this embodiment, the blunt-end interface delivery and placement module 4 includes a conveying rod 41. A piston chamber 42 is provided at the first end of the conveying rod 41, and a push piston 43 inserted from the rear end is disposed within the piston chamber 42. The piston chamber 42 is connected to the pipeline 5 via a feeding interface 46. A blunt-end placement head 44 is provided at the second end of the conveying rod 41, and placement mesh 45 is evenly distributed at the end of the blunt-end placement head 44. The conveying rod 41 has a long rod-shaped structure, adaptable to the operating depth of both arthroscopic and open approaches, and can penetrate deep into the surgical area to reach the Achilles tendon insertion point. The piston chamber cooperates with the push piston to deliver material using a piston-pushing method, allowing the surgeon to precisely control the pushing force. The system precisely controls the amount of tissue output, avoiding waste from excessive output or affecting the coverage effect from insufficient output. The feed interface is connected to the pipeline to achieve closed feeding, ensuring that the tissue does not come into contact with the outside world during the entire delivery process. The blunt end of the laying head has evenly distributed mesh holes at its end. The tissue is uniformly extruded from the mesh holes by the piston thrust, forming a uniform thickness coverage layer at the insertion interface, avoiding the local accumulation and uneven thickness problems caused by traditional single-point pushing. The piston pushing structure works in conjunction with the mesh laying head to convert the pushing pressure into uniform extrusion force, allowing the autologous debris tissue to be evenly laid on the arc-shaped interface of the Achilles tendon insertion point, improving the laying quality and ease of operation. The surgeon can complete the coverage without additional trimming, shortening the operation time. The blunt-ended placement head 44 has a spherical end. The spherical end is a blunt curved surface without sharp edges or corners, which will not cause iatrogenic damage such as scraping or cutting when it comes into contact with the Achilles tendon tissue and bone surface, thus improving the safety of the surgical operation. Moreover, the spherical contour has a higher compatibility with the physiological arc surface of the Achilles tendon insertion point on the posterior superior calcaneus, which can better fit the interface contour and make the extruded tissue evenly attached to the curved interface, avoiding the problems of poor edge fit and tissue displacement that occur when the planar placement head is on the curved surface.

[0030] In this embodiment, the central transmission rod 31 and the main housing 30 are connected by a threaded fit, which allows the moving grinding core to slowly descend while rotating and grinding, automatically reducing the grinding gap. Continuous grinding can be achieved without applying additional axial pressure. The operator only needs to rotate the top of the transmission rod to complete both rotation and feed actions simultaneously, simplifying the operation.

[0031] In this embodiment, the central grinding chamber 33 is a cone shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The space of the cone-shaped chamber gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the ground bone chips can move smoothly to the bottom sieve holes under the action of gravity, avoiding the accumulation and blockage of bone chips in the grinding chamber and improving the smoothness of material discharge.

[0032] In this embodiment, the bottom of the collection chamber 37 is inclined, with higher edges and a lower center. The discharge port 38 is located in the middle of the bottom of the collection chamber 37. The inclined bottom structure can use gravity to guide the tissue to converge towards the central discharge port, avoiding tissue debris remaining in the corners of the collection chamber, improving the utilization rate of autologous tissue and reducing waste. The discharge port is located at the lowest point, which can ensure that all tissue in the cavity is discharged smoothly, preventing the risk of infection caused by the deterioration of residual tissue, and facilitating subsequent cleaning.

[0033] In this embodiment, the bone tissue collection box 1 is equipped with a detachable grading screen 11. A collection space is provided between the lower side of the grading screen 11 and the bottom of the bone tissue collection box 1. The grading screen can perform preliminary particle size grading of the excised bone tissue, separating larger bone blocks from fine bone fragments. The surgeon can choose according to the needs: fine bone fragments are directly sent to the processing module for grinding, while intact bone blocks are retained for structural backfilling of bone defects, improving the flexibility of tissue utilization. The detachable screen design makes it easy to change screens of different mesh sizes during the operation, and also facilitates postoperative cleaning or disposal, adapting to diverse clinical needs.

[0034] In this embodiment, the upper end of the shearing outer cylinder 35 is provided with a first rotary guide groove 316 that mates with the main housing 30, and the lower end of the shearing outer cylinder 35 is provided with a second rotary guide groove 317 that mates with the collection chamber 37. The guide grooves also serve as axial limiting mechanisms, preventing the shearing outer cylinder from moving up and down during rotation, avoiding shearing blade misalignment and failure, and improving the reliability of the structure. Moreover, the guide groove fit structure is simple to assemble, facilitating the assembly and production of disposable instruments, while providing uniform rotational resistance and smooth manual rotation operation for the operator. The outer side of the shearing outer cylinder 35 is provided with an anti-slip operating part 351, facilitating one-handed operation of the shearing outer cylinder 35.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in this embodiment, the kit for recovering and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery includes a bony tissue collection box 1, a bursa tissue collection box 2, an enzyme-free mechanical processing module 3, and a blunt end interface delivery and placement module 4. The enzyme-free mechanical processing module 3 is connected to the blunt end interface delivery and placement module 4 via a sterile tubing 5.

[0037] The bony tissue collection box 1 is a sterile medical polypropylene box with a sealed lid, used to collect degenerated osteophytes of the posterior superior calcaneus removed during surgery and bone fragments generated during the operation. A ring-shaped support step is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the bony tissue collection box 1, and a grading screen 11 is horizontally mounted on the support step, which is a detachable structure; a collection space is formed between the bottom of the grading screen 11 and the bottom of the box. In this embodiment, the grading screen 11 has a 2mm aperture, used to separate large pieces of bone tissue from fine bone fragments; the surgeon can replace the screen with a different mesh size as needed.

[0038] The bursa tissue collection box 2 is an independent, covered, sterile medical polypropylene box, placed separately from the bone tissue collection box 1. It is used to collect the calcaneal bursa tissue removed during surgery, avoiding contamination from the bone tissue.

[0039] The enzyme-free mechanical processing module 3 is a disposable sterile columnar instrument. The whole is made of medical-grade polypropylene substrate, and the grinding parts are made of medical-grade ceramic material. It includes the main shell 30, the central drive rod 31, the moving grinding core 312, the shearing outer cylinder 35, and the collection chamber 37.

[0040] The main housing 30 is a cylindrical structure that is closed at the top and open at the bottom. Its internal cavity is a central grinding cavity 33, which is conical in shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Fixed grinding protrusions 36 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the central grinding cavity 33. The fixed grinding protrusions 36 are radial wear-resistant ceramic protrusions distributed along the circumference.

[0041] The main housing 30 has an internally threaded through hole at its top center, through which the central drive rod 31 passes, and the two are connected by a threaded connection. The upper end of the central drive rod 31 extends out of the main housing 30 and is fixed with a circular rotating operating cap, while the lower end extends into the central grinding cavity 33 and is fixedly connected with a moving grinding core 312. The moving grinding core 312 is a conical ceramic part that matches the taper of the central grinding cavity 33, and its outer surface is radially provided with grinding teeth 313. A grinding gap is formed between the moving grinding core 312 and the fixed grinding protrusion 36. When the central drive rod 31 is rotated, the moving grinding core 312 rotates synchronously and moves up and down axially to adjust the size of the grinding gap, thereby grinding the bone tissue in the cavity step by step.

[0042] The upper side wall of the main housing 30 is provided with a bone tissue placement inlet 32, which is connected to the central grinding chamber 33 and is used to send the bone tissue to be processed into the grinding chamber.

[0043] A rotatable shearing outer cylinder 35 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the main housing 30. The shearing outer cylinder 35 has a cylindrical structure, and its inner wall forms an annular shearing cavity with the outer wall of the main housing 30. The inner side wall of the shearing outer cylinder 35 is provided with a movable shearing blade 314, and the outer side wall of the main housing 30 is provided with a fixed shearing blade 315. Both types of blades are vertical blades extending along the axial direction and are arranged in an alternating pattern. When the shearing outer cylinder 35 rotates around its axis, the movable shearing blade and the fixed shearing blade form a shearing engagement to shear and fragment the bursa tissue in the annular shearing cavity.

[0044] The upper inner wall of the shearing outer cylinder 35 is provided with a first rotary guide groove 316, which rotatably engages with the annular boss on the upper outer wall of the main housing 30; the lower inner wall of the shearing outer cylinder 35 is provided with a second rotary guide groove 317, which rotatably engages with the annular boss on the upper outer wall of the collection chamber 37. The two guide grooves together define the rotation axis of the shearing outer cylinder, ensuring coaxial rotation and simultaneously achieving axial limiting. The upper side wall of the shearing outer cylinder 35 has a bursa tissue insertion inlet 34, which communicates with the annular shearing cavity for feeding in the bursa tissue to be processed.

[0045] The lower end of the main housing 30 is detachably connected to a collection chamber 37 via a snap-fit ​​structure. The top of the collection chamber 37 is a horizontal partition, and an array of sieve holes 39 are provided on the partition in the area corresponding to the central grinding chamber 33. In this embodiment, the sieve hole diameter is 300μm, allowing only bone fragments ground to the target particle size to pass through. Several strip-shaped feeding channels 311 are provided on the partition in the annular area corresponding to the annular shearing chamber, through which the sheared bursal tissue can fall into the collection chamber 37.

[0046] The bottom of the collection chamber 37 has a funnel-shaped inclined structure with high sides and low center. The discharge port 38 is set at the center of the bottom. The discharge port 38 is a Luer standard interface and is connected to the blunt end interface delivery and placement module 4 through the sterile pipeline 5 to form a closed sterile tissue transfer path.

[0047] The blunt-end interface delivery and placement module 4 includes a delivery rod 41, which is a long, straight rod made of medical-grade 304 stainless steel with a diameter adapted to the working channel of a conventional arthoscope. A piston chamber 42 is located at the proximal end of the delivery rod 41, and a push piston 43 is located within the piston chamber 42. The push rod of the push piston 43 extends from the rear end of the piston chamber for easy operator control. A feed inlet 46 is located on the side wall of the piston chamber 42. The feed inlet 46 is a Luer standard interface and is detachably connected to the tubing 5.

[0048] The far end of the conveying rod 41 is provided with a blunt end laying head 44. The end of the blunt end laying head 44 has a spherical blunt structure, and all edges are rounded and blunted, without sharp edges or corners. The end face of the blunt end laying head 44 is evenly distributed with laying mesh holes 45. The laying mesh holes 45 are connected to the inside of the piston cavity 42. When the piston is pushed forward, the tissue in the cavity can be evenly squeezed out from the laying mesh holes.

[0049] The working process of this embodiment: The following section uses an arthroscopic surgery scenario for Haglund's syndrome to illustrate the complete usage of this kit: (1) Tissue collection stage: After removing the degenerated osteophytes and inflamed posterior calcaneal bursa during the operation, the bony tissue is placed in the bony tissue collection box 1. After preliminary screening by the graded sieve 11, an appropriate amount of fine bone fragments are taken for later use. Large intact bone fragments can be retained for structural backfilling of bone defects. The bursal tissue is placed in the bursal tissue collection box 2 for later use.

[0050] (2) Tissue processing stage: The screened bone fragments are sent from the bony tissue inlet 32 ​​into the central grinding chamber 33, and the bursal tissue is sent from the bursal tissue inlet 34 into the annular shearing chamber. The operator rotates the operating cap at the top of the central drive rod 31, which drives the moving grinding core 312 to rotate and slowly descend through the threaded drive to grind the bony tissue. Bone fragments with a particle size of less than 300μm fall into the collection chamber 37 through the array sieve holes 39. At the same time, the operator rotates the shearing outer cylinder 35, and the bursal tissue is sheared and fragmented through the alternating cooperation of the movable shearing blade and the fixed shearing blade. The sheared tissue strips fall into the collection chamber 37 through the feeding channel 311 and mix with the bone fragments.

[0051] (3) Tissue delivery and placement stage: After processing, the mixed tissue in the collection chamber 37 converges to the bottom discharge port 38 under the action of gravity, and enters the piston chamber 42 of the blunt end interface delivery and placement module 4 through the pipeline 5. The blunt end placement head 44 is sent into the surgical area through the arthroscopic working channel. After reaching the Achilles tendon insertion point-bone interface 100, the push piston 43 is slowly pushed to make the tissue evenly squeezed out from the placement mesh 45 and spread flat on the insertion point interface to form an autologous biological covering layer. After placement, the spherical end of the blunt end placement head can be used to gently press the covering layer to promote close adhesion between the tissue and the interface.

[0052] To preliminarily investigate the effect of the autologous biological covering layer described in this invention at the Achilles tendon insertion-bone interface, the inventors conducted experiments using SD rats.

[0053] Experimental animals and grouping: Healthy adult male SD rats, weighing approximately 280–320 g. After establishing a rat Achilles tendon insertion injury model, rats were randomly divided into three groups, n=4 in each group: Group A (covering layer group) had an autologous biological covering layer made of autologous bone fragments and bursal tissue aseptically and enzyme-freely crushed at the insertion point, and was fixed with sutures; Group B (simple fixation group) only underwent insertion point suture fixation, without covering layer; Group C (blank control group) only had the model established, without insertion point treatment.

[0054] Key observation points and indicators: Tissue samples were collected 4 weeks post-surgery. Morphologically and histologically, an interface healing histological score was used (a higher score indicates greater continuity and orderly arrangement of the interface tissue). In terms of interface biology, semi-quantitative assessments of osteogenic and inflammatory indicators were performed. Mechanically, maximum pull-out force and stiffness were tested at the Achilles tendon insertion-bone interface. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

[0055] Table 1 Experimental Design Grouping Table 2. Histological scores of Achilles tendon insertion-bone interface healing (mean ± standard deviation) Table 3 Semi-quantitative assessment of interface osteogenic and inflammation-related indicators (mean ± standard deviation) Table 4 Achilles tendon insertion-bone interface biomechanical test (mean ± standard deviation) The above results suggest that the autologous biological covering layer group showed a more favorable trend in terms of interface healing histological score, osteogenic related indicators, and interface mechanical indicators compared with the simple fixation group and the blank control group, and the inflammation-related indicators were relatively lower.

[0056] The above embodiments and verification examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery, characterized in that, The system includes a bony tissue collection box (1), a bursa tissue collection box (2), an enzyme-free mechanical processing module (3), and a blunt-end interface delivery and placement module (4). The enzyme-free mechanical processing module (3) includes a main housing (30), a central grinding chamber (33) is provided inside the main housing (30), and a rotatable and liftable grinding core (312) is provided inside the central grinding chamber (33). The grinding core (312) is connected to the main housing (30) through a central transmission rod (31) passing through the top of the main housing (30). The outer surface of the grinding core (312) is radially provided with grinding teeth (313). A fixed grinding protrusion (36) is provided on the inner sidewall of the central grinding chamber (33). A rotatable shearing outer cylinder (35) is coaxially provided on the outer side of the main housing (30). The inner wall of the shearing outer cylinder (35) and the outer wall of the main shell (30) are respectively provided with movable shearing blades (314) and fixed shearing blades (315) arranged in an alternating pattern. The upper part of the main shell (30) and the upper part of the shearing outer cylinder (35) are respectively provided with a bone tissue inlet (32) and a bursa tissue inlet (34). The lower end of the main shell (30) is detachably connected to a collection chamber (37). The top of the collection chamber (37) is provided with several discharge channels (311) at the position corresponding to the shearing outer cylinder (35). The top of the collection chamber (37) is provided with an array of sieve holes (39) at the position corresponding to the central grinding chamber (33). The bottom of the collection chamber (37) is connected to the blunt end interface delivery and laying module (4) through the discharge interface (38) and the pipeline (5).

2. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blunt end interface delivery and laying module (4) includes a conveying rod (41), the first end of which is provided with a piston cavity (42), and a push piston (43) inserted from the rear end is provided in the piston cavity (42). The piston cavity (42) is connected to the pipeline (5) through the feed interface (46). The second end of the conveying rod (41) is provided with a blunt end laying head (44), and the end of the blunt end laying head (44) is evenly distributed with laying mesh holes (45).

3. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blunt-end laying head (44) has a spherical end.

4. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central transmission rod (31) and the main housing (30) are connected by a threaded connection.

5. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central grinding cavity (33) is a cone shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

6. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the collection bin (37) is inclined with high sides and low center, and the discharge port (38) is located in the middle of the bottom of the collection bin (37).

7. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bony tissue collection box (1) is equipped with a detachable graded screen (11) inside, and a collection space is provided between the lower side of the graded screen (11) and the bottom of the bony tissue collection box (1).

8. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the shearing outer cylinder (35) is provided with a first rotary guide groove (316) that cooperates with the main shell (30), and the lower end of the shearing outer cylinder (35) is provided with a second rotary guide groove (317) that cooperates with the collection bin (37).

9. The kit for retrieving and delivering autologous tissue to the Achilles tendon interface during foot and ankle surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the shearing outer cylinder (35) is provided with an anti-slip operating part (351).

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