A backwashing filter device for coking wax oil

Abstract

This invention discloses a backwashing filtration device for coking wax oil, relating to the field of coking wax oil filtration and rinsing technology. It includes a housing, a rotating frame, a filtration mechanism, and a backwashing mechanism. The rotating frame is coaxially mounted inside the housing, which has multiple cleaning positions. Multiple sets of filtration mechanisms are mounted on the rotating frame and rotate with it. As the rotating frame rotates, it drives the multiple sets of filtration mechanisms inside to sequentially pass through the cleaning positions. When the filtration mechanisms gradually become clogged, the filtration flux continuously decreases, and the system's inlet oil volume exceeds the outlet oil volume, the oil storage mechanism can temporarily store the continuously flowing coking wax oil medium, buffering the internal stress inside the housing and preventing adverse operating conditions such as sudden increases in pipeline oil pressure, hydraulic impact, and pipeline resonance vibration. This avoids safety hazards such as oil leakage, pipeline damage, and frequent tripping of the safety relief valve under high pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coking wax oil filtration and rinsing technology, and particularly to a backwashing filtration device for coking wax oil. Background Technology

[0002] Delayed coking is an important deep processing technology for heavy oil in the petroleum refining industry. Its byproduct, coking wax oil, has a high proportion of hydrocarbon components and a large output. It is one of the core blending feedstocks for catalytic cracking and hydrocracking units, playing a key role in improving the efficiency of heavy oil light processing and enhancing production economic benefits. However, coking wax oil inevitably contains coke powder, solidified carbon particles, viscous colloids, and a small amount of mechanical impurities during the production process. If it enters downstream processing units directly without filtration, it will cause catalyst bed blockage, equipment and pipeline erosion, and a decrease in product yield. In severe cases, it may even lead to unplanned shutdowns. Therefore, coking wax oil must undergo high-precision filtration before entering downstream processes to remove solid impurities and viscous particles. This is an essential pretreatment step in the heavy oil processing flow.

[0003] Currently, industrial filtration of coking wax oil primarily utilizes equipment such as fixed cartridge filters and automatic backwashing filters. Fixed cartridge filters require periodic shutdowns for disassembly, cleaning, or cartridge replacement, making continuous online operation impossible. Their short maintenance cycles and high labor costs make them unsuitable for the long-term continuous production needs of refineries. Existing automatic backwashing filters mostly employ static filter structures, using reverse-flowing backwashing media to remove impurities from the filter surface. While this achieves a certain degree of online cleaning, its practical application still has many shortcomings under the conditions of high viscosity and strong impurity embedding in coking wax oil.

[0004] As filtration time increases, coke powder and colloids trapped on the filter screen gradually accumulate, causing a continuous decrease in filtration flux. When the oil inlet exceeds the oil outlet, it can easily cause internal damage to the casing and pipelines, leading to problems such as hydraulic impact, pipeline resonance, and leakage at sealing surfaces. In severe cases, it can trigger frequent tripping of the safety relief valve, directly threatening the operational safety of the oil pipeline. Most existing equipment only triggers the backflushing procedure through pressure detection, lacking a temporary buffer structure with excess media. This makes it impossible to alleviate system pressure during the initial stage of blockage and the window before backflushing is initiated, leaving pressure fluctuations and overpressure risks ever-present.

[0005] Traditional backwashing uses a fixed filter screen and a unidirectional reverse flushing method, which can only remove loose dust and large particles adhering to the filter screen surface. For fine coke powder, viscous colloids, and solidified particles deeply embedded inside the filter screen pores, the single-angle flushing flow is insufficient to create effective shearing and disturbance, resulting in a high impurity residue rate. After long-term operation, the filter screen permeability continues to decline, and the filtration accuracy gradually decreases, eventually requiring shutdown for disassembly and cleaning, failing to fundamentally extend the continuous operating cycle of the filter screen.

[0006] Backwashing media consumes a lot of energy and materials. Most existing backwashing systems require additional flushing oil pumps and the introduction of external flushing oil or clean water as a backwashing power source, which not only increases equipment investment and operating energy consumption, but also causes fluctuations in oil properties due to the flushing media mixing with raw materials; some units directly discharge contaminated flushing oil, which also leads to material waste and environmental treatment pressure.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a backwashing filter for coking wax oil to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a backwashing filter for coking wax oil, which can temporarily store the continuously flowing coking wax oil medium, buffer the internal stress inside the shell, and avoid sudden changes in pipeline oil pressure.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a backwashing filter for coking wax oil, comprising an outer shell, a rotating frame, a filter mechanism, and a backwashing mechanism; The rotating frame is coaxially mounted inside the housing. The housing has multiple cleaning positions and multiple sets of filter mechanisms, which are mounted on the rotating frame and rotate with it. When the rotating frame rotates, it drives the multiple sets of filter mechanisms inside to pass through the cleaning positions in sequence. The backwashing mechanism is installed inside the housing and backwashes the filter unit located in the clean position; An oil storage mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are installed on the outside of the outer casing. The oil storage mechanism stores the coking wax oil that continuously enters the inner casing when the filter mechanism is clogged. When the filter mechanism is unblocked, the coking wax oil is discharged, causing the flow rate at the drain end of the outer casing to increase briefly. The pressurizing mechanism stores the excess coking wax oil when the flow rate at the drain end of the outer casing increases. When the filter mechanism to be cleaned rotates to the clean position and triggers the backwashing mechanism, the pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the coking wax oil inside and sprays it out through the backwashing mechanism to backwash the filter mechanism.

[0010] Optionally, the interior of the outer casing is equipped with a partition plate that contacts the lower surface of the rotating frame, and the partition plate has multiple dirt-removing holes that correspond one-to-one with the cleaning positions. The bottom of the outer casing is equipped with a collection rack for collecting impurities falling from the sludge discharge hole, and a star-shaped unloader is installed at the discharge end of the collection rack.

[0011] Optionally, the rotating frame includes a partition plate, a top plate, and a sealing gasket; The top plate is rotatably installed inside the housing, and the sealing gasket is bonded to the top of the top plate; Multiple partition plates are installed in a circular array at the bottom of the top plate, dividing multiple sets of filter mechanisms into different areas.

[0012] Optionally, the filtration mechanism includes an outer mesh body, an inner mesh body, and a gear. The outer mesh body is installed at the bottom of the top plate, and the inner mesh body is coaxially inserted into the interior of the outer mesh body. The outer mesh body and the inner mesh body overlap to form multiple filter holes. Gear 1 is installed on top of the inner mesh body and located above the outer mesh body.

[0013] Optionally, the backwashing mechanism includes a flow guide housing, an outer sealing frame, a primary sealing element, and a secondary sealing structure; The flow guide housing is installed at the liquid outlet end of the pressurization mechanism and corresponds to the cleaning position; the outer sealing frame is installed on the outside of the flow guide housing. Multiple primary plugging components are provided and are sealed inside the flow guide housing. The secondary plugging structure is installed inside the outer sealing frame and extends into the flow guide housing to contact the lower surface of the primary plugging components.

[0014] Optionally, the secondary sealing structure includes a sealing plate, a sealing elastic element, and a coil spring; The sealing plate is rotatably installed inside the outer sealing frame. In the sealing state, the flow guide shell contacts the primary sealing element, restricting the opening of the primary sealing element. During the backwashing process, the secondary sealing structure is flushed open, restricting the closing of the sealing plate. After the backwashing is completed, the coil spring drives the primary sealing element to reset and close, and pushes the primary sealing element to close. The coil spring is installed at the connection between the sealing plate and the outer sealing frame, and is always in a charged state; The sealing elastic element is bonded between the sealing plate and the outer sealing frame, and the sealing plate extends to the outside of the flow guide housing.

[0015] Optional, also includes: Multiple drive structures are provided and mounted on top of the rotating frame. The drive structures mesh with the filtration mechanism and the backwashing mechanism.

[0016] Optionally, the drive structure includes an arc-shaped plate, a compression spring, and a blocking plate; The arc-shaped plate is coaxially arranged with the rotating frame. When the frame rotates, the arc-shaped plate first abuts against the sealing plate, causing the sealing plate to push the arc-shaped plate to rotate. Since the centers of rotation of the sealing plate and the arc-shaped plate are different, they are offset after rotating at a certain angle. The curved plate is provided with gear teeth that mesh with gear one, which drive gear one to rotate when the curved plate slides; The baffle plate is installed on the top of the rotating frame, and the two ends of the compression spring are connected to the arc plate and the baffle plate respectively.

[0017] Optionally, the oil storage mechanism includes an oil storage tank, an oil inlet pipe, and an electrically controlled valve. The oil inlet pipe is installed on the outside of the outer casing to connect the oil storage tank and the outer casing; The electronically controlled valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe and opens after the pressure inside the housing and pressurizing mechanism reaches a preset threshold.

[0018] Optionally, the pressurization mechanism includes a flow guide pipe, an oil storage tank, and an electrically controlled valve. The two ends of the guide pipe are connected to the liquid outlet of the oil storage tank and the outer shell, respectively. The second electrically controlled valve is installed on the flow guide pipe and opens after the internal pressure of the second oil storage tank reaches a preset threshold. The outlet of oil storage tank 2 is connected to the backwashing mechanism.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: When the filter mechanism gradually becomes clogged, the filtration flux continuously decreases, and the system's oil inflow exceeds the oil outflow, the oil storage mechanism can temporarily store the continuously flowing coking wax oil medium, buffering the internal stress inside the shell and avoiding adverse operating conditions such as sudden increases in pipeline oil pressure, hydraulic impact, and pipeline resonance vibration. This prevents safety hazards such as oil leakage, pipeline damage, and frequent tripping of the safety relief valve under high pressure, ensuring the stable operation and safety of the oil transportation filtration pipeline system. After the filter mechanism is adjusted and cleaned, the coking wax oil medium inside the oil storage mechanism is discharged. In the initial stage of filtration flux recovery, the excess coking wax oil overflowing from the pipeline is stored by the pressurization mechanism.

[0020] This invention recovers excess coking wax oil that overflows from the pipeline due to the discharge of coking wax oil medium from the oil storage mechanism through a pressurizing mechanism, and stores the recovered coking wax oil in energy storage, converting the excess medium in the production process into a high-pressure backwashing power source, realizing closed-loop recycling and reuse of the medium without the need for additional flushing water source.

[0021] In the backwashing operation of the equipment, the drive structure, through gear meshing, can drive the inner mesh of the filter mechanism to rotate relative to the outer mesh, causing the originally fixed filter mesh to undergo dynamic displacement changes, keeping the entire filter mesh in a state of rotational disturbance. At the same time, in conjunction with the high-pressure flushing oil output by the pressurizing mechanism, a three-dimensional flushing flow field can be formed. This not only quickly washes away the floating dust and loose impurities attached to the filter mesh surface, but also efficiently removes stubborn coke powder, viscous colloids, and solidified particulate impurities that are deeply embedded in the filter mesh pores and difficult to remove through the shearing force and turbulence force of the dynamic rotation of the filter mesh. This solves the industry problems of traditional static backwashing methods, such as a single flushing angle, limited water flow impact force, serious residue of deep impurities, and continuous decline in filter mesh permeability and gradual reduction in filtration accuracy after long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the backwashing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the backwashing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the two-stage sealing structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the filter mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the outer mesh structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 100, outer casing; 110, cleaning area; 120, dividing plate; 130, waste discharge hole; 140, material collection rack; 150, rotary valve. 200. Rotating frame; 210. Partition plate; 220. Top plate; 230. Sealing gasket; 300. Filter mechanism; 310. Outer mesh body; 320. Inner mesh body; 330. Gear 1; 400. Backwashing mechanism; 410. Flow guide housing; 420. Outer sealing frame; 430. Primary sealing component; 440. Secondary sealing structure; 441. Sealing plate; 442. Sealing elastic component; 443. Coil spring; 500. Oil storage mechanism; 510. One oil storage tank; 520. Oil inlet pipe; 530. One electric control valve; 600. Pressurization mechanism; 610. Flow diversion pipe; 620. Oil storage tank 2; 630. Electrically controlled valve 2; 700. Drive structure; 710. Arc plate; 720. Compression spring; 730. Blocking plate; 740. Gear teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-11The backwashing filter for coking wax oil shown includes an outer shell 100, a rotating frame 200, a filter mechanism 300, and a backwashing mechanism 400. The rotating frame 200 is coaxially mounted inside the outer casing 100. Driven by a motor, the rotating frame 200 rotates relative to the outer casing 100, and the rotation angle and speed of the rotating frame 200 are preset. During the rotation, it remains coaxial with the outer casing 100. Multiple cleaning positions 110 are provided inside the outer casing 100. The cleaning positions 110 are preset fixed-point rinsing work positions for the filter mechanism 300 to stop and complete backwashing cleaning. Multiple sets of filter mechanisms 300 are provided and are mounted on the rotating frame 200 and rotate with the rotating frame 200. During the operation of the equipment, when the pressure inside the outer casing 100 rises to a preset threshold due to the blockage of the filter mechanism 300, the motor is started. Driven by the motor, the rotating frame 200 rotates at a low speed, which can drive the multiple sets of circumferentially arranged filter mechanisms 300 to rotate one by one and pass through each cleaning position 110, so that the multiple sets of filter mechanisms 300 can be rotated and rinsed in turn. The backwashing mechanism 400 is installed inside the housing 100. When the filter mechanism 300 carrying impurities rotates with the rotating frame 200 and stops at the clean position 110, the backwashing mechanism 400 can align with the filter screen area of ​​the filter mechanism 300 and perform backwashing on the filter mechanism 300 at the clean position 110 through high-pressure coking wax oil medium, removing impurities such as coking powder and colloids embedded on the surface and deep layers of the filter screen, thus completing the online cleaning of the filter mechanism 300. An oil storage mechanism 500 and a pressurizing mechanism 600 are installed on the outside of the outer casing 100; When the filter screen of one or more filter mechanisms 300 becomes clogged and the oil inlet rate inside the outer shell 100 is greater than the oil outlet rate, the oil storage mechanism 500 can store the coking wax oil that continuously enters the outer shell 100. This avoids the safety hazards of a sharp rise in pipeline oil pressure, oil spillage, etc. after the filter screen of traditional equipment becomes clogged. When the clogged filter mechanism 300 rotates to the cleaning position 110 to complete the high-pressure backwash cleaning, the filter screen clog is completely removed, and the filtration flow returns to normal, the oil storage mechanism 500 can automatically discharge the coking wax oil stored in the previous period. The pressurizing mechanism 600 collects the excess coking wax oil that overflows from the outer shell 100 at the moment of filter flux recovery and at the drain end, realizing oil recycling and reuse and avoiding oil waste. At the same time, the pressurizing mechanism 600 has an independent pressurizing and energy storage function, which can continuously pressurize and store the collected room temperature and pressure coking wax oil to store high-pressure flushing medium.

[0026] Once the equipment reaches the preset operating condition, the clogged filter mechanism 300 to be cleaned rotates with the rotating frame 200 to the cleaning position 110 and triggers the backwash mechanism 400. After the backwash mechanism 400 is activated, the pressurizing mechanism 600 can instantly release the internal pressurized and stored coking wax oil, causing the coking wax oil to be sprayed out directionally through the backwash mechanism 400. The strong impact force of the high-pressure oil flow completes the backwashing of the filter screen of the filter mechanism 300, removing the impurities embedded in the filter screen and realizing the online cleaning of the filter mechanism 300.

[0027] When the filter mechanism 300 gradually becomes clogged and the filtration flux continuously decreases, and the oil inflow exceeds the oil outflow, the oil storage mechanism 500 can temporarily store the continuously flowing coking wax oil medium, buffer the internal stress inside the shell, and avoid adverse conditions such as sudden rise in pipeline oil pressure, hydraulic impact, and pipeline resonance vibration. This helps to avoid safety hazards such as oil leakage, pipeline damage, and frequent tripping of the safety relief valve under high pressure, ensuring the stable operation and safety of the oil filtration pipeline system. After the filter mechanism 300 is adjusted and cleaned, the coking wax oil medium inside the oil storage mechanism 500 is discharged. In the initial stage of filtration flux recovery, the excess coking wax oil overflowing from the pipeline is stored by the pressurization mechanism 600.

[0028] The pressurization mechanism 600 recovers the excess coking wax oil that overflows from the pipeline due to the discharge of coking wax oil medium from the oil storage mechanism 500, and stores the recovered coking wax oil in energy. This converts the excess medium in the production process into a high-pressure backwashing power source, realizing the closed-loop recycling and reuse of the medium without the need for additional flushing water sources.

[0029] An air seal can be used between the rotating frame 200 and the outer shell 100 and the cleaning position 110 to prevent excessive friction from causing the frame to seize up. The rotating frame 200 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and stainless steel. The outer shell 100 and the cleaning position 110 are combined, which has low friction and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for high temperature and high pressure conditions (-65℃ to 260℃, up to 2.5MPa).

[0030] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Under normal filtration conditions, the coking wax oil enters the interior of the outer casing 100, is filtered by the filtration mechanism 300, and is discharged through the liquid outlet of the outer casing 100 after filtration.

[0031] When the filter mechanism 300 becomes clogged and the oil inlet exceeds the oil outlet, the internal pressure of the outer casing 100 will rise. When the pressure reaches a preset threshold, the oil storage mechanism 500 will open, drawing excess coking wax oil from the outer casing 100 into the storage mechanism 500 for storage. Simultaneously, the motor starts, driving the rotating frame 200 to rotate, which in turn rotates the corresponding filter mechanism 300 to the cleaning position 110. The coking wax oil inside the pressurizing mechanism 600 is then pressurized and sprayed out, cleaning the filter mechanism 300. When the filter mechanism 300 in the cleaning position rotates out of the rotating position, the oil output returns to normal, and the pressure inside the outer casing 100 returns to its initial state. At the same time, the pressure inside the pressurizing mechanism 600 also decreases to a preset threshold, causing the pressurizing mechanism 600 and the oil storage mechanism 500 to open simultaneously. The coking wax oil inside the oil storage mechanism 500 will be discharged. At this time, the flow rate at the liquid outlet of the outer casing 100 increases instantaneously, producing excess coking wax oil. The pressurizing mechanism 600 extracts and stores the excess coking wax oil to prepare for the next cleaning.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 3 As shown, the interior of the outer shell 100 is equipped with a partition plate 120 that is in sealing contact with the lower surface of the rotating frame 200 by welding. The partition plate 120 can divide the internal cavity of the outer shell 100 into an independent filter working chamber and an impurity collection chamber, isolating the upper filter oil and the lower impurities and dirt, and preventing the impurities that fall off during backwashing from being mixed into the filter oil path again. The partition plate 120 is provided with multiple dirt-falling holes 130 that correspond one-to-one with the cleaning position 110, ensuring that the solid particulate impurities that are detached from the filter screen of the filter mechanism 300 during the backwashing operation can fall vertically through the dirt-falling holes 130, realizing the directional discharge of dirt. The bottom of the outer casing 100 is equipped with a collection rack 140 for collecting impurities falling from the drain hole 130. The collection rack 140 adopts a funnel-shaped converging structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, which can fully receive and collect all solid impurities and a small amount of sludge falling from the drain hole 130, preventing impurities from scattering and accumulating in the dead corners at the bottom of the casing. The discharge end of the collection rack 140 is equipped with a star-shaped unloader 150. The star-shaped unloader 150 has the functions of sealing and pressure isolation, quantitative unloading, and continuous slag discharge. Under the premise of ensuring that the inner casing 100 is pressure-sealed and there is no oil leakage, it can realize the automatic, intermittent quantitative discharge of impurities and dirt.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 3 As shown, the rotating frame 200 includes a partition plate 210, a top plate 220, and a sealing gasket 230; The top plate 220 is rotatably coaxially installed inside the outer casing 100. The top plate 220 is sealed to the inner wall of the outer casing 100. The sealing gasket 230 is bonded to the top of the top plate 220. The sealing gasket 230 is made of a special rubber material that is resistant to high and low temperatures, resistant to coking wax oil corrosion, and highly elastic. It isolates the cavity space on the upper and lower sides of the top plate 200, preventing oil cross-flow and pressure leakage during the filtration process. Multiple partition plates 210 are provided and installed in a ring array at the bottom of the top plate 220. Two adjacent partition plates 210 cooperate with each other to form an independent fan-shaped filtration working chamber. Multiple sets of filtration mechanisms 300 can be arranged in their own independent working areas in a one-to-one correspondence and isolated manner, so as to realize the independent working conditions of each filtration station and avoid oil mixing between the normal filtration station and the backwash cleaning station 110.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 10 As shown, the filter mechanism 300 includes an outer mesh body 310, an inner mesh body 320, and a gear 330; The outer mesh body 310 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 220, and the inner mesh body 320 is coaxially inserted into the interior of the outer mesh body 310. The outer mesh body 310 and the inner mesh body 320 overlap to form multiple filter mesh holes. The shape and size of the filter mesh holes can be changed by the relative rotation of the outer mesh body 310 and the inner mesh body 320, thereby preventing impurities from being trapped in the filter mesh holes and unable to be cleaned. Gear 330 is installed on top of inner mesh body 320 and above outer mesh body 310. Gear 330 is used to receive driving force and drive inner mesh body 320 and outer mesh body 310 to rotate relative to each other under the action of driving force.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 8 As shown, the backwashing mechanism 400 includes a flow guide housing 410, an outer sealing frame 420, a primary sealing element 430, and a secondary sealing structure 440; The flow guide housing 410 is installed at the liquid outlet end of the pressurizing mechanism 600 and is coaxially aligned with the cleaning position 110. This ensures that the high-pressure flushing oil can be sprayed vertically onto the filter screen area of ​​the filter mechanism 300, which is parked at the cleaning position 110, thus ensuring the comprehensiveness and efficiency of the backwashing operation. The outer sealing frame 420 is installed on the outside of the flow guide housing 410, forming external protection and sealing limit for the flow guide housing 410. This can buffer the fluid impact during equipment operation and prevent external dirty oil, impurities, and water vapor from entering the interior of the structure. Multiple primary sealing components 430 are provided and sealed inside the flow guide housing 410. The primary sealing components 430 have a certain deformation capacity. They deform and open under the push of coking wax oil, and close again after the thrust decreases. Under normal conditions, they completely block the internal oil flow channel of the flow guide housing 410, blocking the flow channel of coking wax oil from the source. At the same time, after the secondary sealing structure 440 is opened, the coking wax oil will push the primary sealing components 430 to open and block the secondary sealing structure 440. Under the push of the coking wax oil, the secondary sealing structure 440 is restricted from resetting and sealing. After the coking wax oil is flushed, the impact force on the primary sealing components 430 disappears, the secondary sealing structure 440 resets and pushes the primary sealing components 430 to reset and seal. The secondary sealing structure 440 is installed inside the outer sealing frame 420 and extends into the flow guide housing 410 to contact the lower surface of the primary sealing component 430. The limiting end of the secondary sealing structure 440 extends into the internal flow channel area of ​​the flow guide housing 410 and fits against the lower surface of each set of primary sealing components 430, forming a dual composite sealing system of "primary sealing + secondary limiting". The mechanical limiting locks the closed state of the primary sealing component 430, improving the flow channel sealing performance in non-working state and avoiding problems such as micro-leakage, pressure relief, and pressure instability during equipment pressure operation.

[0036] Among them, the bottom of multiple flow guide housings 410 is equipped with positioning ring plates, and the positioning ring plates are provided with sealing material at the positions corresponding to the cleaning positions 110, so that the filter mechanism 300 is in a sealed state when it is rotated to or from the cleaning positions 110, while the other filter mechanisms 300 are used normally.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 9 As shown, the secondary sealing structure 440 includes a sealing plate 441, a sealing elastic element 442, and a coil spring 443; The sealing plate 441 is rotatably installed inside the outer sealing frame 420. Under normal filtration and non-backwashing conditions, the sealing plate 441 fits and covers the internal oil passage of the guide housing 410, and at the same time presses against the lower end face of the primary sealing component 430. The opening of the primary sealing component 430 is locked by limiting the opening, so as to avoid the primary sealing component 430 from being accidentally opened due to pipeline oil pressure fluctuations and fluid impact. When the equipment enters the backwashing operation mode, the push sealing plate 441 rotates outward and opens, driving the coil spring 443 to store force. The high-pressure coking wax oil output by the pressurizing mechanism 600 continuously impacts the primary sealing component 430, causing the primary sealing component 430 to restrict the closing of the push sealing plate 441, keeping the entire secondary sealing structure 440 in the open state, completely releasing the oil flow channel of the guide shell 410, and ensuring that the high-pressure flushing oil is clean during backwashing. When the single-station backflushing operation is completed and the high-pressure oil flow supply is terminated, the fluid impact force disappears instantly. The coil spring 443, which is in a continuous storage state, releases its elastic potential energy, which drives the sealing plate 441 to rotate in the opposite direction and quickly reset and close. At the same time, the pushing force generated during the reset process of the sealing plate 441 can push the primary sealing component 430 back down and reset synchronously, realizing the double sealing and resetting of the flow channel of the guide shell 410, and preparing for the sealing and protection of the next round of filtration operation. The coil spring 443 is installed at the connection between the sealing plate 441 and the outer sealing frame 420, and is always in a stored state to provide elastic driving force for the reset and closure of the sealing plate 441; The sealing elastic element 442 is bonded between the sealing plate 441 and the outer sealing frame 420. The sealing elastic element 442 adopts an oil-resistant and high-resilience special sealing gasket structure. The sealing plate 441 extends to the outside of the flow guide housing 410. The outer end of the sealing plate 441 extends precisely to the outer area of ​​the flow guide housing 410, forming an exposed trigger end. The sealing plate 441 can be driven to rotate through the telescopic structure.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 1 As shown, it also includes: Multiple drive structures 700 are provided and installed on the top of the rotating frame 200. The drive structure 700 meshes with the filter mechanism 300 and the backwashing mechanism 400. By relying on the rotational displacement of the rotating frame 200, the drive structure 700 can achieve alignment and trigger the opening and closing switching action of the backwashing mechanism 400. At the same time, the filter mechanism 300 is synchronously driven to complete the filter screen rotation action through gear meshing transmission, so that the dynamic rotation operation of the filter screen is matched with the high-pressure backwashing, realizing the operation of "station alignment, mechanism triggering, filter screen rotation, and high-pressure washing".

[0039] In the backwashing operation, the drive structure 700, through gear meshing, drives the inner mesh 320 of the filter mechanism 300 to rotate relative to the outer mesh 310, causing the originally fixed filter mesh to undergo dynamic displacement changes, placing the entire filter in a state of rotational disturbance. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the high-pressure flushing oil output by the pressurizing mechanism 600, a three-dimensional flushing flow field is formed. This not only quickly washes away the floating dust and loose impurities attached to the filter surface, but also efficiently removes stubborn coke powder, viscous colloids, and solidified particulate impurities deeply embedded in the filter mesh pores through the shearing force and turbulence force of the dynamic rotation of the filter. This solves the industry problems of traditional static backwashing methods, such as a single flushing angle, limited water flow impact force, serious residue of deep impurities, and continuous decline in filter permeability and gradual reduction in filtration accuracy after long-term operation.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the drive structure 700 includes an arc-shaped plate 710, a compression spring 720, and a blocking plate 730; The arc plate 710 is coaxially arranged with the rotating frame 200, and the head of the arc plate 710 is provided with a protrusion to form a T-shaped structure. During continuous operation of the equipment, as the rotating frame 200 rotates at low speed and drives the filter mechanism 300 to be cleaned to approach the cleaning position 110, the trigger end of the front end of the arc plate 710 will first contact the sealing plate 441 extending from the outside of the backwashing mechanism 400. Through the mechanical displacement and squeezing force generated by the continuous rotation, the sealing plate 441 pushes the arc plate 710 in the opposite direction, forcing the arc plate 710 to generate a rotational displacement relative to the rotating frame 200. After rotating to the maximum angle and being unable to rotate, the arc plate 710 will push the sealing plate 441 to rotate. Since the sealing plate 441 is the hinged rotation center and the arc plate 710 is the coaxial rotation center, the rotation centers of the two are misaligned and their motion trajectories are different. After the sealing plate 441 rotates a certain angle, the contact points of the two gradually separate and are completely misaligned. The arc plate 710 is provided with gear teeth 740 that mesh with gear 330. During the process of the arc plate 710 being squeezed and rotating, the gear teeth 740 and gear 330 can be meshed and driven to rotate the inner screen 320 relative to the outer screen 310, so as to automatically start the dynamic rotation of the filter screen at the synchronous moment of backwashing trigger. The blocking plate 730 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating frame 200. The two ends of the compression spring 720 are connected to the arc plate 710 and the blocking plate 730 respectively. The stress of the compression spring 720 is less than the stress of the coil spring 443. After the arc plate 710 completes the trigger rotation and is offset from the blocking plate 441, the compression spring 720 can release elastic potential energy and drive the arc plate 710 to rotate in the opposite direction, preparing for the next mechanical trigger.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 2 As shown, the oil storage mechanism 500 includes an oil storage tank 510, an oil inlet pipe 520, and an electrically controlled valve 530; The oil inlet pipe 520 is sealed and installed on the outside of the outer shell 100 to connect the oil storage tank 510 and the outer shell 100, ensuring that excess coking wax oil can be introduced into the oil storage tank 510 for temporary storage. The solenoid valve 530 is installed on the oil inlet pipe 520. When the filter mechanism 300 becomes clogged, causing the filtration flow to decrease and the internal oil pressure of the outer casing 100 to rise to the preset alarm threshold, the solenoid valve 530 automatically opens, opening the oil storage pipeline and promptly guiding the continuously flowing excess coking wax oil into the oil storage tank 510. After the filter mechanism 300 is cleared, it is closed for a predetermined period of time to allow time for the coking wax oil inside the pressurizing mechanism 600 to be discharged. After the coking wax oil inside the pressurizing mechanism 600 is discharged, the solenoid valve 530 opens again to discharge the coking wax oil inside the oil storage tank 510, and then closes after discharge.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 7 As shown, the pressurizing mechanism 600 includes a flow guide pipe 610, an oil storage tank 620, and an electrically controlled valve 630; The two ends of the guide pipe 610 are connected to the oil storage tank 620 and the liquid outlet of the outer shell 100, respectively, so as to guide the excess coking wax oil discharged from the outer shell 100 into the interior of the oil storage tank 620. The second electrically controlled valve 630 is installed on the guide pipe 610. It opens after the internal pressure of the second oil storage tank 620 reaches a preset threshold. When the first electrically controlled valve 530 opens to discharge the coking wax oil inside the first oil storage tank 510, the second electrically controlled valve 630 opens simultaneously. At this time, the backwashing mechanism 400 is already blocked and closed. When the excess oil discharged from the outer shell 100 continues to accumulate in the second oil storage tank 620 and the internal pressure gradually rises to the preset working threshold, the second electrically controlled valve 630 automatically closes to lock the oil inlet pipe, maintaining the high-pressure energy storage state inside the tank. To ensure sufficient pressure for backwashing operations, coking wax oil is drawn from oil storage tank 1 510. As excess oil is continuously collected in oil storage tank 2 620 and the internal pressure gradually rises to the preset working threshold, the electronic control valve 2 630 automatically closes and locks the oil inlet pipeline to maintain the high-pressure energy storage state inside the tank, ensuring sufficient pressure for backwashing operations. When the backwashing process starts and the pressure is released, the pressure inside the tank drops, and the electronic control valve 2 630 automatically reopens to replenish oil and store pressure, realizing automated cyclic regulation of pressurization and energy storage. The liquid outlet of oil storage tank 2 620 is connected to backwashing mechanism 400, which introduces the coking wax oil inside oil storage tank 2 620 into backwashing mechanism 400.

[0043] The working method of this invention: Coking wax oil enters the outer casing 100 through the feed inlet and then flows downwards into the filter mechanisms 300 at each filtration station. The wax oil passes through the outer mesh 310 and inner mesh 320 sequentially from the outside in. Solid impurities are trapped on the outer surface of the outer mesh 310, while clean oil enters the inner mesh 320. It then flows through the through-holes on the fixed dividing plate 120 into the top opening of the outer casing 100 and is finally discharged from the outlet to the downstream process. During this stage, the backwashing mechanism 400 is in a closed state, and both the first electric control valve 530 and the second electric control valve 630 are in a closed state.

[0044] As filtration continues, the filter cake on the surface of the outer mesh 310 gradually thickens, increasing filtration resistance and causing the pressure in the feed chamber to rise continuously. When the pressure reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the electronically controlled valve 530 automatically opens, allowing some of the incoming material to flow into the oil storage tank 510 through the oil inlet pipe 520 for temporary storage, relieving the feed pressure and preventing overpressure of the equipment, while maintaining continuous filtration. When the pressure continues to rise to the backwash trigger threshold, the external drive motor starts, driving the rotating frame 200 to rotate, pushing the clogged filter mechanism 300 towards the clean position 110.

[0045] During the rotation of the rotating frame 200, the outer end of the arc plate 710 corresponding to the drive structure 700 first contacts the outer end of the sealing plate 441. The sealing plate 441 pushes the arc plate 710 to slide along the groove, and drives the gear 330 to rotate through the gear teeth 740, so that the inner mesh body 320 deflects, making it easier to flush out impurities in the mesh during backwashing.

[0046] When the filter mechanism 300 rotates to the clean position 110 and aligns vertically with the sludge discharge hole 130, the arc plate 710 and the sealing plate 441 are misaligned. At this time, the high-pressure clean wax oil in the oil storage tank 620 enters the guide housing 410, pushes down the primary sealing member 430, and then pushes open the sealing plate 441. The oil flows outward from the inside of the filter mechanism 300, flushing off the filter cake and impurities on the surface of the outer mesh 310. The flushing oil containing impurities falls into the collection rack 140 through the sludge discharge hole 130, and is finally continuously discharged through the star-shaped unloader 150. At the same time, after the arc plate 710 is no longer restricted by the sealing plate 441, it slides back along the groove under the elastic force of the compression spring 720, synchronously driving the gear 330 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the inner mesh 320 returns to its initial state.

[0047] During the backwashing process, the remaining 300 filter units remain in their normal filtration positions, and the overall filtration process is uninterrupted.

[0048] As the pressure inside the oil storage tank 620 is released, the backwash flow rate decreases. When the oil pressure is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the coil spring 443, the sealing plate 441 is reset under the action of the coil spring 443, lifting the primary sealing component 430 to close synchronously, the backwash channel is closed, and the backwashing ends.

[0049] After the filter mechanism 300 is cleared, the pressure in the feed chamber drops rapidly, and the wax oil temporarily stored in oil storage tank 510 quickly flows back into the feed chamber, causing a brief increase in the liquid flow rate of the device. At this time, the second solenoid valve 630 opens, and the excess clean filtrate is replenished into the second oil storage tank 620 through the guide pipe 610, restoring the pressure to the set value and reserving energy for the next backwash. Subsequently, the second solenoid valve 630 and the first solenoid valve 530 close, and the device returns to normal filtration status, completing one working cycle.

[0050] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that provides control.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backwashing filter for coking wax oil, characterized in that, Includes the outer casing, rotating frame, filtration mechanism, and backwashing mechanism; The rotating frame is coaxially mounted inside the housing. The housing has multiple cleaning positions and multiple sets of filter mechanisms, which are mounted on the rotating frame and rotate with it. When the rotating frame rotates, it drives the multiple sets of filter mechanisms inside to pass through the cleaning positions in sequence. The backwashing mechanism is installed inside the housing and backwashes the filter unit located in the clean position; An oil storage mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are installed on the outside of the outer casing. The oil storage mechanism stores the coking wax oil that continuously enters the inner casing when the filter mechanism is clogged. When the filter mechanism is unblocked, the coking wax oil is discharged, causing the flow rate at the drain end of the outer casing to increase briefly. The pressurizing mechanism stores the excess coking wax oil when the flow rate at the drain end of the outer casing increases. When the filter mechanism to be cleaned rotates to the clean position and triggers the backwashing mechanism, the pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the coking wax oil inside and sprays it out through the backwashing mechanism to backwash the filter mechanism.

2. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the outer casing is equipped with a partition plate that contacts the lower surface of the rotating frame. The partition plate has multiple dirt-removing holes that correspond one-to-one with the cleaning positions. The bottom of the outer casing is equipped with a collection rack for collecting impurities falling from the sludge discharge hole, and a star-shaped unloader is installed at the discharge end of the collection rack.

3. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating frame includes a partition plate, a top plate, and a sealing gasket; The top plate is rotatably installed inside the housing, and the sealing gasket is bonded to the top of the top plate; Multiple partition plates are installed in a circular array at the bottom of the top plate, dividing multiple sets of filter mechanisms into different areas.

4. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filtration mechanism includes an outer mesh body, an inner mesh body, and gears. The outer mesh body is installed at the bottom of the top plate, and the inner mesh body is coaxially inserted into the interior of the outer mesh body. The outer mesh body and the inner mesh body overlap to form multiple filter holes. Gear 1 is installed on top of the inner mesh body and located above the outer mesh body.

5. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The backwashing mechanism includes a flow guide housing, an outer sealing frame, a primary sealing element, and a secondary sealing structure; The flow guide housing is installed at the liquid outlet end of the pressurization mechanism and corresponds to the cleaning position; the outer sealing frame is installed on the outside of the flow guide housing. Multiple primary plugging components are provided and are sealed inside the flow guide housing. The secondary plugging structure is installed inside the outer sealing frame and extends into the flow guide housing to contact the lower surface of the primary plugging components.

6. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary sealing structure includes a sealing plate, a sealing elastic element, and a coil spring; The sealing plate is rotatably installed inside the outer sealing frame. In the sealing state, the flow guide shell contacts the primary sealing element, restricting the opening of the primary sealing element. During the backwashing process, the secondary sealing structure is flushed open, restricting the closing of the sealing plate. After the backwashing is completed, the coil spring drives the primary sealing element to reset and close, and pushes the primary sealing element to close. The coil spring is installed at the connection between the sealing plate and the outer sealing frame, and is always in a charged state; The sealing elastic element is bonded between the sealing plate and the outer sealing frame, and the sealing plate extends to the outside of the flow guide housing.

7. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: Multiple drive structures are provided and mounted on top of the rotating frame. The drive structures mesh with the filtration mechanism and the backwashing mechanism.

8. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive structure includes an arc-shaped plate, a compression spring, and a blocking plate; The arc-shaped plate is coaxially arranged with the rotating frame. When the frame rotates, the arc-shaped plate first abuts against the sealing plate, causing the sealing plate to push the arc-shaped plate to rotate. Since the centers of rotation of the sealing plate and the arc-shaped plate are different, they are offset after rotating at a certain angle. The curved plate is provided with gear teeth that mesh with gear one, which drive gear one to rotate when the curved plate slides; The baffle plate is installed on the top of the rotating frame, and the two ends of the compression spring are connected to the arc plate and the baffle plate respectively.

9. The backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil storage mechanism includes an oil storage tank, an oil inlet pipe, and an electrically controlled valve. The oil inlet pipe is installed on the outside of the outer casing to connect the oil storage tank and the outer casing; The electrically controlled valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe and opens after the pressure inside the outer casing and the pressurizing mechanism reaches a preset threshold.

10. A backwashing filter for coking wax oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurization mechanism includes a flow guide pipe, an oil storage tank, and an electrically controlled valve. The two ends of the guide pipe are connected to the liquid outlet of the second oil storage tank and the outer shell, respectively. The second electrically controlled valve is installed on the flow guide pipe and opens after the internal pressure of the second oil storage tank reaches a preset threshold. The outlet of oil storage tank 2 is connected to the backwashing mechanism.

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