A full-automatic filtration operation intelligent control system and a circulating operation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a fully automatic intelligent control system and cyclic operation method for filtration operations, relating to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology. The method includes: real-time acquisition of operating parameters of sludge filtration equipment; triggering pressure detection operation when parameter changes reach preset conditions; decomposing and processing the detection response data to determine the filterable state of the sludge; generating multiple candidate operating parameters based on this state and performing filtration prediction processing; and selecting target operating parameters to control the equipment to execute the corresponding filtration cycle action. This invention achieves adaptive control of the sludge dewatering process through active detection and predictive screening, improving dewatering efficiency while reducing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology, specifically relating to a fully automatic intelligent control system for filtration operations and a circulating operation method. Background Technology

[0002] With industrial development, the amount of sludge generated during wastewater treatment continues to increase. Sludge reduction, stabilization, and harmless treatment have gradually become important research directions in the field of water pollution control and treatment. Sludge dewatering, as a key link in the sludge treatment process, reduces sludge volume and transportation and disposal costs by lowering the sludge moisture content. Sludge dewatering usually uses equipment such as plate and frame filter presses and belt filter presses to separate the liquid and solid phases in the sludge through mechanical pressure. Combined with automatic control technology, it completes continuous operation processes such as feeding, filtration, unloading, and equipment cleaning.

[0003] However, in practical sludge filtration applications, the filtration effect does not solely depend on the filtration pressure, but is closely related to the current filtration state of the sludge. For a single filtration process, there is usually an optimal operating state where the filtration pressure effectively promotes filtrate discharge without significantly causing excessive compaction of the sludge filter cake, rapid increase in filtration resistance, or ineffective increase in energy consumption. Due to differences in sludge source, treatment process, and composition, different batches of sludge have varying particle structures, water content, and solid-liquid bonding characteristics, causing the sludge's filterability, compressibility, and filtrate release capacity to continuously change during the filtration process. This leads to changes in the aforementioned optimal operating state. Existing sludge filtration equipment struggles to identify the real-time filtration state of the sludge in a timely manner, causing the equipment's operating state to deviate from the optimal operating state corresponding to the current sludge filtration. Therefore, how to identify the current filtration state of the sludge under the condition of dynamic changes in the filterability of different batches of sludge, and adjust the operating parameters of the filtration equipment according to the current filtration state, so that the filtration equipment maintains an optimal operating state that matches the current sludge filtration state, thereby improving sludge dewatering efficiency, has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in the automatic control of sludge dewatering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of how to identify the current filtration state of sludge under the condition of dynamic changes in the filterability of different batches of sludge, and adjust the operating parameters of the filtration equipment according to the current filtration state of the sludge, so that the filtration equipment is kept in an optimal operating state that matches the current sludge filtration state, thereby improving the sludge dewatering efficiency. Therefore, a fully automatic intelligent control system and cyclic operation method for filtration operation are proposed.

[0005] In a first aspect of this invention, a fully automatic intelligent control system for filtration operations and a cyclic operation method are first proposed, the method comprising: The operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment are collected in real time. When the relationship between the operating parameters reaches the preset detection conditions, the pressure detection time is determined. At the pressure detection moment, a pressure detection operation is performed on the sludge filtration equipment to obtain the response change data during the pressure detection operation, and the response change data is processed by response decomposition to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge. Based on filterable state parameters, multiple candidate operating parameters are determined. Based on the working parameters at the pressure detection time, the candidate operating parameters are filtered and predicted to obtain the corresponding filtered prediction results. Based on the filtering and prediction results, the target operating parameters are obtained by selecting from multiple candidate operating parameters. Based on the target operating parameters, the sludge filtration equipment is controlled to perform the corresponding filtration cycle actions.

[0006] Optionally, the operating parameters include filtration pressure parameters, filtrate discharge flow rate parameters, and cumulative filtrate discharge rate parameters. The steps for generating corresponding pressure-release water conversion parameters and filtration resistance parameters based on the operating parameters are as follows: Extract the feed side pressure value and the filtrate discharge side pressure value from the filtration pressure parameters, and use the difference between the feed side pressure value and the filtrate discharge side pressure value as the effective filtration differential pressure. Extract the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate from the filtrate discharge flow rate parameters; The ratio of the effective pressure difference during filtration to the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate is used as the filtration resistance parameter. Within a preset time window, calculate the increase in the cumulative filtrate discharge and the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference. The pressure release conversion parameter is obtained by dividing the increase in the cumulative filtrate discharge parameter by the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference.

[0007] Optionally, the pressure detection time is determined, including: An evaluation window for real-time setting of filter resistance parameters and pressure release conversion parameters; Calculate the average value of the filter resistance parameters within the evaluation window to obtain the average filter resistance value of the window; Calculate the average value of the pressure-induced water release conversion parameters within the evaluation window to obtain the average value of the pressure-induced water release conversion within the window; Calculate the resistance growth rate based on the average window filter resistance, and calculate the water release decay rate based on the average window pressure water release conversion. When the resistance growth rate is greater than zero and the water release decay rate is greater than zero, the evaluation window is determined as the pressure utilization efficiency decline window. The end of the pressure utilization efficiency decline window is defined as the pressure detection time.

[0008] Optionally, acquire response change data during the pressure detection operation, including: The effective pressure difference of filtration, the discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the cumulative discharge amount of filtrate before the pressure detection operation are obtained and recorded as the first effective pressure difference of filtration, the first discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the first cumulative discharge amount of filtrate, respectively, as the reference data before the disturbance; Acquire the effective differential pressure filtering during the pressure detection operation; After the pressure detection operation is completed, the effective pressure difference of filtration, the discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the cumulative discharge amount of filtrate are obtained and recorded as the second effective pressure difference of filtration, the second discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the second cumulative discharge amount of filtrate, respectively, as the response data after the disturbance. The baseline data before the disturbance, the effective pressure difference after the disturbance filtering, and the response data after the disturbance are used as the response change data.

[0009] Optionally, the response change data is subjected to response decomposition processing to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge, including: The difference between the effective pressure difference of the perturbation filtration and the effective pressure difference of the first filtration is taken as the perturbation pressure difference increment, and the difference between the cumulative discharge of the second filtrate and the cumulative discharge of the first filtrate is taken as the perturbation filtrate increment. The ratio between the increase in the amount of disturbed filtrate and the increase in the pressure difference of the disturbance is taken as the water release response component; The ratio of the second filtrate discharge flow rate to the first filtrate discharge flow rate is used as the flow rate retention component; The ratio between the first effective filtration pressure difference and the first filtrate discharge flow rate is taken as the first filtration resistance, and the ratio between the second effective filtration pressure difference and the second filtrate discharge flow rate is taken as the second filtration resistance. Calculate the difference between the second filter resistance and the first filter resistance, and divide the difference by the first filter resistance to obtain the compaction loss component; The water release response component, flow retention component, and compaction loss component are used as filterable state parameters of the sludge.

[0010] Optionally, based on filterable state parameters, multiple candidate operating parameters are determined, including: The filterable state parameters are mapped to obtain the filterable state of the sludge. Obtain the preset operating parameter adjustment range corresponding to the filterable state, and obtain the operating parameters of the sludge filter equipment at the pressure detection time as the initial operating parameters; The range of candidate operating parameters is determined based on the initial operating parameters and the preset operating parameter adjustment range; According to the preset value selection rules, multiple candidate operating parameters are determined from the range of candidate operating parameters.

[0011] Optionally, the filterable state parameters are mapped to obtain the filterable state of the sludge, including: Obtain the average value of water release conversion of the window pressure corresponding to the evaluation window at the pressure detection time; When the water release response component is greater than or equal to the average value of water release conversion under window pressure, the flow rate maintenance component is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, and the compaction loss component is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the filterable state of the sludge is classified as a state that can continue to be filtered. When the water release response component is less than the average value of water release conversion under window pressure, the flow rate maintenance component is less than the preset first threshold, and the compaction loss component is greater than the preset second threshold, the filterable state of the sludge is classified as an inefficient continuous filtration state. When the filterable state of sludge is neither a state that can continue to be filtered nor a state that is inefficient to continue filtering, the filterable state of sludge is classified as a compaction-limited filtration state.

[0012] Optionally, based on the operating parameters at the pressure detection time, candidate operating parameters are filtered and predicted to obtain the corresponding filtered prediction results, including: The operating parameters at the pressure detection moment are obtained as filtering reference data; Input the filtration reference data and candidate operating parameters into the preset filtration calculation model, and output the corresponding predicted filtrate increment, predicted end filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time. The predicted filtrate increment, predicted end-of-pipe filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time are used as the corresponding filtration prediction results.

[0013] Optionally, based on the filtering prediction results, the target operating parameters are obtained by selecting from multiple candidate operating parameters, including: The predicted filtrate increment, predicted end-point filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time corresponding to multiple candidate operating parameters are used to construct a candidate evaluation matrix; The candidate evaluation matrix is ​​preprocessed to obtain the standardized evaluation matrix; Based on the standardized evaluation matrix, determine the positive ideal evaluation vector and the negative ideal evaluation vector; Calculate the first distance between the standardized evaluation vector corresponding to the candidate operating parameter and the positive ideal evaluation vector, and calculate the second distance between the standardized evaluation vector corresponding to the candidate operating parameter and the negative ideal evaluation vector; Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index corresponding to the candidate operating parameters based on the first distance and the second distance; The candidate operating parameter with the largest comprehensive evaluation index is selected from multiple candidate operating parameters as the target operating parameter.

[0014] In a second aspect of this invention, a fully automated intelligent control system for filtration operations is proposed, the system comprising: The parameter acquisition module collects the operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment in real time during operation. The detection timing determination module determines the pressure detection timing when the relationship between the changes in the working parameters reaches the preset detection conditions. The pressure detection module controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform pressure detection operations at the time of pressure detection and acquires response change data during the pressure detection operation. The response decomposition module performs response decomposition processing on the response change data to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge. The candidate parameter generation module determines multiple candidate operating parameters based on filterable state parameters; The filtering and prediction module performs filtering and prediction processing on candidate operating parameters based on the operating parameters at the pressure detection time, obtains the corresponding filtering and prediction results, and selects the target operating parameters from multiple candidate operating parameters based on the filtering and prediction results. The circulation control module controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform corresponding filtration circulation actions based on the target operating parameters.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention identifies the moment when pressure utilization efficiency decreases by jointly analyzing filtration pressure parameters, filtrate discharge flow rate parameters, and cumulative filtrate discharge parameters, and performs a pressure detection operation at that moment, thereby changing the filtration control from fixed pressure control to adaptive control based on the real-time filtration status of sludge, thus reducing ineffective high-pressure operation and improving sludge dewatering efficiency.

[0016] 2. This invention decomposes the response change data before and after pressure detection operation to obtain the water release response component, flow retention component, and compaction loss component, and classifies the filterable state of sludge accordingly. This allows for the differentiation and characterization of the water release capacity, liquid retention capacity, and compaction risk during the sludge filtration process, thereby improving the accuracy of sludge filtration state identification and enhancing the adaptability of control strategies to differences in different batches of sludge.

[0017] 3. This invention generates candidate operating parameters and combines them with a filtration calculation model to predict the dewatering benefits, end-of-pipe continuous discharge capacity, and time costs corresponding to different candidate operating parameters. Then, it selects the target operating parameters to match the filtration pressure value, pressure loading rate, and pressure holding time with the current sludge filtration status. In water pollution control and treatment scenarios, this invention can stabilize the single filtration cycle rhythm, reduce energy consumption fluctuations, and improve the level of automation control of sludge filtration operations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart of a fully automated filtration operation cyclic running method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is an example diagram of a fully automatic intelligent control system for filtration operations provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that all formula calculations in the scheme are purely numerical calculations.

[0022] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides an intelligent control system and cyclic operation method for fully automatic filtration operations. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 .

[0024] S101 collects the operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment in real time. When the relationship between the operating parameters reaches the preset detection conditions, the pressure detection time is determined.

[0025] To ensure clarity and conciseness in the description of the following embodiments, a brief introduction to the relevant terms is given first.

[0026] Operating parameters refer to the operating data that the sludge filtration equipment collects or records in real time through sensors, flow meters or equipment control systems during the filtration operation cycle. Operating parameters include filtration pressure parameters, filtrate discharge flow rate parameters and cumulative filtrate discharge parameters.

[0027] Among them, the filtration pressure parameters include the feed side pressure value and the filtrate discharge side pressure value, which are used to determine the effective pressure difference during the sludge filtration process; the filtrate discharge flow rate parameter is used to characterize the rate at which the filtrate is discharged per unit time; and the cumulative filtrate discharge quantity parameter is used to characterize the total amount of filtrate that has been discharged within a certain filtration time.

[0028] Preset detection conditions: These are the trigger conditions used to determine whether the sludge filtration equipment needs to perform pressure detection operations.

[0029] Pressure detection time: refers to the control time determined when the relationship between working parameters reaches the preset detection conditions during the sludge filtration operation cycle.

[0030] In one implementation, the effective filtration pressure difference is obtained by subtracting the filtrate discharge pressure from the current feed-side pressure. This effective filtration pressure difference represents the actual pressure driving force acting on both sides of the sludge filter cake and the filter medium.

[0031] The instantaneous filtrate discharge flow rate at the current moment is extracted from the filtrate discharge flow rate parameter. This instantaneous filtrate discharge flow rate is then divided by the effective filtration pressure differential to obtain the current filtration resistance parameter. This parameter reflects the degree of obstruction to filtrate discharge from the current filtration channel. When the effective filtration pressure differential increases while the instantaneous filtrate discharge flow rate decreases, the filtration resistance parameter increases, indicating that factors such as sludge cake thickening, sludge cake compaction, or filter media blockage may increase the filtrate discharge resistance.

[0032] Within a preset time window, the pressure-induced water release conversion parameter is calculated. Specifically, the cumulative filtrate discharge at the start and end of the preset time window is obtained, and the difference between the two is taken as the increase in the cumulative filtrate discharge. Simultaneously, the effective filtration pressure difference at the start and end of the preset time window is obtained, and the difference between the two is taken as the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference. When the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference is a valid positive value, the increase in the cumulative filtrate discharge is divided by the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference to obtain the pressure-induced water release conversion parameter. This parameter reflects the increase in filtrate discharge corresponding to a unit increase in the effective filtration pressure difference. If this parameter is large, it indicates that further increasing the filtration pressure can still effectively promote filtrate discharge; if this parameter decreases, it indicates that the contribution of increased pressure to filtrate discharge is reduced, and the equipment may gradually deviate from the optimal operating state corresponding to the current sludge.

[0033] If the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate is zero or below the effective identification range, the corresponding sampling point can be marked as an invalid sampling point. If the increase in the effective differential pressure within the preset time window is less than or equal to zero, the controller can mark this time window as a non-pressure-boosting evaluation window and exclude it from the calculation of pressure-release conversion parameters. Through the above processing, interference from abnormal flow rates, pressure fluctuations, or data from the pressure-holding phase on the status judgment is avoided. Therefore, the filtration resistance parameter reflects the resistance change during the current filtration process, and the pressure-release conversion parameter reflects the filtrate release capacity corresponding to the pressure increase. Both are used together to subsequently determine whether the pressure utilization efficiency has decreased and to provide a basis for determining the pressure detection time.

[0034] It should be noted that the preset time window can be a time interval consisting of multiple consecutive sampling periods, used to statistically analyze the changes in the cumulative discharge of filtrate and the effective pressure difference during that time interval. The preset time window can be a fixed window or a sliding window. Those skilled in the art can set the length of the preset time window according to the sampling cycle of the sludge filtration equipment, the pressure regulation response speed, the fluctuation of filtrate discharge flow rate, and the real-time control requirements; no limitation is made here.

[0035] In one implementation, an evaluation window is set in real time, with a fixed time length as the window duration and a fixed time interval as the window sliding step. For example, the window duration is set to 60 seconds, and the sliding step is set to 30 seconds. Each evaluation window contains multiple filter resistance parameter values ​​and pressure release conversion parameter values ​​calculated according to the sampling period (e.g., once per second) within that time period. There is partial data overlap between adjacent evaluation windows to ensure the continuity of trend analysis.

[0036] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can adaptively adjust the window duration, sliding step size, and sampling period based on factors such as the type of sludge filtration equipment, the length of the filtration cycle, and the sampling frequency of the sensor; no limitations are imposed here.

[0037] For the evaluation window, the arithmetic mean of all sampled values ​​of filter resistance parameters within the window is calculated to obtain the window's average filter resistance. Simultaneously, the arithmetic mean of all sampled values ​​of pressure-induced water release conversion parameters within the window is calculated to obtain the window's average pressure-induced water release conversion. Using the window average for trend judgment can effectively suppress the interference of sensor noise and instantaneous fluctuations on the judgment results.

[0038] Next, the resistance growth rate and the water release decay rate are calculated separately. Specifically, the average window filtration resistance of the current window is subtracted from the average window filtration resistance of the previous window, and then the difference is divided by the average window filtration resistance of the previous window to obtain the resistance growth rate. A positive resistance growth rate indicates that the filtration resistance is increasing, meaning that the sludge cake is increasingly hindering the discharge of the liquid phase. The average window pressure water release conversion rate of the previous window is subtracted from the average window pressure water release conversion rate of the current window, and then the difference is divided by the average window pressure water release conversion rate of the previous window to obtain the water release decay rate. A positive water release decay rate indicates that the pressure water release conversion efficiency is decreasing, meaning that the amount of filtrate that can be discharged under unit pressure is decreasing.

[0039] When the resistance growth rate and water release decay rate are both greater than zero in the current evaluation window, it indicates that the sludge filtration process is simultaneously experiencing a dual trend of increasing filtration resistance and decreasing pressure-based water release conversion efficiency. This dual trend means that applying the same filtration pressure not only increases the resistance of the sludge cake to the liquid phase but also reduces the amount of effluent that can be obtained per unit pressure. The current evaluation window corresponding to this condition is defined as the pressure utilization efficiency decline window.

[0040] Once the current evaluation window is determined to be a window of declining pressure utilization efficiency, the end time of this window is defined as the pressure detection time. Here, the end time of the declining pressure utilization efficiency window is the current time at which data collection and trend assessment for that window are completed. After determining the pressure detection time, subsequent pressure detection operations are immediately triggered to proactively diagnose the filterability of the sludge cake under its current condition.

[0041] Using the above method, the changing trends of filtration resistance parameters and pressure-based water release conversion parameters are continuously monitored during the sludge filtration process. Once an increase in filtration resistance and a decrease in water release efficiency are detected simultaneously, a pressure detection operation is immediately triggered upon confirmation of the trend. This mechanism of proactively intervening for diagnosis at critical trend shifts avoids interference with the normal filtration process caused by continuous disturbances throughout the process, and can obtain information on the filterable state of the sludge at an early stage when changes in sludge dewatering characteristics occur, providing timely and accurate decision-making basis for subsequent filtration prediction and adaptive control.

[0042] S102, At the pressure detection moment, perform a pressure detection operation on the sludge filtration equipment, acquire response change data during the pressure detection operation, and perform response decomposition processing on the response change data to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge.

[0043] To ensure clarity and conciseness in the description of the following embodiments, a brief introduction to the relevant terms is given first.

[0044] Pressure detection operation: This refers to a diagnostic pressure disturbance action that is actively applied to the sludge filtration equipment during operation, when the relationship between the filtration resistance parameters and the pressure-to-water conversion parameters indicates a decrease in pressure utilization efficiency. This disturbance is superimposed on the current filtration pressure. The purpose of this operation differs from conventional filtration pressurization. It is not intended to continuously drive the discharge of filtrate, but rather to actively detect the sludge filter cake's response to pressure changes through short-term, small-amplitude pressure changes, in order to obtain diagnostic information reflecting the internal structure and filterability of the sludge filter cake.

[0045] Response change data: refers to data collected before, during, and after the pressure detection operation that reflects changes in the sludge filtration status, including the effective filtration pressure difference, filtrate discharge flow rate, and cumulative filtrate discharge before the pressure detection operation, the effective filtration pressure difference during the pressure detection operation, and the effective filtration pressure difference, filtrate discharge flow rate, and cumulative filtrate discharge after the pressure detection operation.

[0046] Filterable state parameters: These are multi-dimensional evaluation parameters that characterize whether sludge has the potential to continue dewatering in its current state, obtained by decomposing response change data. They include water release response components, flow retention components, and compaction loss components.

[0047] In one implementation, at the pressure detection moment, the feed pump or feed regulating valve of the sludge filtration equipment is controlled to linearly increase the effective filtration pressure differential by a preset detection pressure differential increment (e.g., 0.05 MPa to 0.1 MPa) from the current level, and this pressurized state is maintained for a preset detection duration (e.g., 5 to 15 seconds). Subsequently, the pressure is linearly reduced to the effective filtration pressure differential level before the disturbance. The detection pressure differential increment can be set to 10%–20% of the normal filtration pressure increment to ensure that this operation is a micro-disturbance rather than a pressure switch during the main filtration stage. The detection duration is set to be less than the time constant of the filtrate discharge flow rate response lag to avoid irreversible damage to the sludge filter cake structure due to prolonged pressure application. During the above process, the disturbed effective filtration pressure differential during the pressurization stage and the filtrate discharge flow rate and cumulative discharge volume after pressure recovery are recorded in real time to capture the transient response characteristics of the sludge filter cake under pressure changes. It should be noted that the above operations can be set by those skilled in the art according to the type of sludge filtration equipment used in actual applications, and are not limited here.

[0048] In one possible implementation, at the pressure detection moment, response change data is acquired in the following three stages.

[0049] In the first stage, the baseline data before the disturbance is recorded before the pressure detection operation is applied: the difference between the feed side pressure and the filtrate discharge side pressure at the current moment is calculated to obtain the first effective filtration pressure difference; the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate at the current moment is extracted and recorded as the first filtrate discharge flow rate; the cumulative discharge amount of the filtrate at the current moment is extracted and recorded as the first cumulative discharge amount of the filtrate.

[0050] In the second stage, the sampled value of the actual effective filtration pressure difference is continuously detected and recorded during the application of the disturbance, and the average value of multiple sampled values ​​is taken as the effective filtration pressure difference of the disturbance.

[0051] In the third stage, after the disturbance ends, the effective pressure difference of the filter is restored to the level before the disturbance. After the pressure stabilizes, the operating parameters are collected again as the response data after the disturbance: the effective pressure difference of the filter after the pressure is restored is calculated and recorded as the second effective pressure difference of the filter; the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate at this time is extracted and recorded as the second filtrate discharge flow rate; the cumulative discharge amount of the filtrate at this time is extracted and recorded as the second cumulative discharge amount of the filtrate.

[0052] The baseline data before the disturbance, the effective pressure difference after the disturbance filtering, and the response data after the disturbance were used as the response change data for this pressure detection operation.

[0053] In one implementation, the perturbation effective pressure difference and the first effective pressure difference are extracted from the response change data, and the difference between the two is calculated to obtain the perturbation pressure difference increment. The perturbation pressure difference increment reflects the magnitude of pressure change applied to the sludge filter cake by the pressure sensing operation. Simultaneously, the second cumulative filtrate discharge and the first cumulative filtrate discharge are extracted from the response change data, and the difference between the two is calculated to obtain the perturbation filtrate increment. The perturbation filtrate increment reflects the total amount of additional filtrate discharged due to the pressure sensing operation.

[0054] The ratio between the increase in filtrate volume due to disturbance and the increase in the pressure differential due to disturbance is taken as the water release response component. This component represents the additional filtrate discharge resulting from a unit pressure disturbance amplitude. A larger water release response component indicates that more filtrate can be discharged under the same pressure disturbance, resulting in a stronger water release capacity of the sludge filter cake, and that pressure can still effectively drive the liquid phase through the pores of the sludge filter cake for discharge. The calculation of the water release response component is based on the fundamental filtration relationship, namely, a positive correlation between filtrate discharge and driving pressure differential.

[0055] The discharge rates of the second and first filtrate were extracted from the response change data, and the ratio of the second to the first filtrate discharge rate was taken as the flow maintenance component. This component represents the extent to which the filtrate discharge rate can recover to its pre-disturbance level after the pressure detection operation ends and the pressure is restored. A flow maintenance component closer to 1 indicates a better recovery of the discharge rate after the disturbance, meaning the sludge filter cake channels remain unobstructed after pressure changes. A flow maintenance component significantly less than 1 indicates a decrease in discharge rate after the disturbance, suggesting possible partial closure of the sludge filter cake channels.

[0056] The ratio of the first effective filtration pressure difference to the first filtrate discharge flow rate is used as the first filtration resistance, reflecting the degree of obstruction of the sludge filter cake to the liquid phase discharge before the pressure probe operation. The ratio of the second effective filtration pressure difference to the second filtrate discharge flow rate is used as the second filtration resistance, reflecting the degree of obstruction of the sludge filter cake after the pressure probe operation ends and the pressure is restored. Then, the difference between the second filtration resistance and the first filtration resistance is calculated, and this difference is divided by the first filtration resistance to obtain the compaction loss component. This component represents the relative increase in filtration resistance caused by the pressure probe operation. A larger compaction loss component indicates that the pressure disturbance mainly caused compression of the solid skeleton of the sludge filter cake and narrowing of the pores, rather than effectively driving drainage. The sludge filter cake is easily compacted under pressure, and further pressurization may lead to more resistance growth rather than effective dewatering.

[0057] The response changes generated by pressure detection operations can be decomposed into three independent but related evaluation components: water release capacity, flow retention capacity, and compaction risk. Compared to observing only a single change in pressure or flow, these three components can more comprehensively reflect the actual filtration state of the sludge cake under pressure: determining whether an increase in pressure can still effectively promote filtrate discharge, whether the discharge channel remains stable, and whether pressure causes sludge cake compaction and increased resistance. Therefore, the filterability parameters can provide a clearer control basis for subsequently identifying the degree of continued filtration of sludge, generating candidate operating parameters, and screening target operating parameters.

[0058] S103 determines multiple candidate operating parameters based on filterable state parameters.

[0059] To ensure clarity and conciseness in the description of the following embodiments, a brief introduction to the relevant terms is given first.

[0060] Candidate operating parameters: These refer to multiple selectable operating parameters generated for sludge filtration equipment after determining the current filterable state of the sludge, including candidate filtration pressure value, candidate pressure loading rate, and candidate pressure holding time.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the filterable state parameters are mapped to obtain the filterable state of the sludge.

[0062] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the preset first threshold is set to one, and the preset second threshold is set to zero.

[0063] The flow retention component is defined as the ratio of the second filtrate discharge flow rate to the first filtrate discharge flow rate. It represents the degree to which the filtrate discharge flow rate remains stable after the pressure testing operation compared to before the operation. When the flow retention component is greater than or equal to one, it indicates that the filtrate discharge flow rate after the pressure testing operation is not lower than the filtrate discharge flow rate before the operation, suggesting that the discharge capacity is maintained after the pressure testing. When the flow retention component is less than one, it indicates that the filtrate discharge flow rate after the pressure testing operation is lower than the filtrate discharge flow rate before the operation, suggesting that the discharge capacity has decreased after the pressure testing, possibly due to narrowing of the sludge filter cake pores or obstruction of the discharge channel.

[0064] The compaction loss component is defined as the difference between the second and first filtration resistances divided by the first filtration resistance. It represents the relative change in filtration resistance before and after the pressure testing operation. When the compaction loss component is less than or equal to zero, it indicates that the filtration resistance after the pressure testing operation is not higher than the filtration resistance before the operation, suggesting that the pressure testing operation did not exhibit a significant increase in resistance due to compaction. When the compaction loss component is greater than zero, it indicates that the filtration resistance after the pressure testing operation has increased relative to before the operation, suggesting that the sludge filter cake may have compacted or the filtration channels may have been blocked under pressure.

[0065] Specifically, the average value of the window pressure water release conversion corresponding to the pressure detection time is retrieved to characterize the average water release capacity of the current filtration stage before the pressure detection operation is triggered. This value has been continuously calculated and stored according to the method described in the aforementioned embodiments before the pressure detection time is determined.

[0066] Perform the following three condition judgments: determine whether the water release response component is greater than or equal to the average value of water release conversion at the window pressure, determine whether the flow rate maintenance component is greater than or equal to one, and determine whether the compaction loss component is less than or equal to zero.

[0067] Based on the assessment results, the filtration status is categorized as follows: When all three conditions are met simultaneously, it is classified as a continuing filtration state, indicating normal water release efficiency, restored drainage rate, and the sludge cake may not be compacted; continued pressurization can yield effective dewatering benefits. When none of the three conditions are met, it is classified as an inefficient continuing filtration state, indicating decreased water release efficiency, reduced drainage rate, and the sludge cake is already compacted; continued pressurization yields minimal dewatering benefits. When some of the three conditions are met and some are not, it is classified as a compaction-limited filtration state, indicating that the sludge cake still retains some dewatering potential but shows signs of compaction; continued pressurization requires careful control.

[0068] In one implementation, a preset operating parameter adjustment range is obtained based on different filterable states. The preset operating parameter adjustment range defines the adjustment boundaries for the allowable filtration pressure value, pressure loading rate, and holding time under different filterable states. The adjustment ranges corresponding to each state can be pre-stored in the configuration table of the control system for real-time retrieval.

[0069] Specifically, in the filtration state, even if the sludge release efficiency is normal and the sludge filter cake is not compacted, continued pressurization can still achieve effective dewatering benefits. At this point, the adjustment range of the filtration pressure value is expanded upwards, extending from the current pressure to the upper limit of the effective filtration pressure difference allowed by the equipment. This upper limit is determined by the equipment's hardware safety limitations and is typically set to 80% to 90% of the equipment's rated pressure. The pressure loading rate can be set to a higher value, typically 70% to 100% of the equipment's maximum allowable loading rate, to quickly reach the target pressure and shorten ineffective waiting time. The pressure holding time can be set to a longer duration, usually determined based on the total filtration cycle time and sludge dewatering characteristics, to fully utilize the sludge's release capacity.

[0070] Under compaction-limited filtration conditions, sludge still retains some dewatering potential, but the sludge filter cake may already show signs of compaction. Significantly increasing the pressure may cause further closure of the filter cake pores. In this case, the adjustment range of the filtration pressure is limited to a narrow interval near the current pressure, typically set to ±10% to ±20% of the current pressure. The pressure loading rate should be appropriately reduced, typically 30% to 60% of the loading rate under conditions where filtration can continue, allowing the sludge filter cake framework sufficient adjustment time to avoid additional compaction due to excessive loading. The holding time should be appropriately shortened, typically 40% to 70% of the holding time under conditions where filtration can continue. Holding the pressure should be stopped promptly after achieving a certain dewatering benefit to avoid prolonged pressure application leading to compaction accumulation.

[0071] In low-efficiency continuous filtration, the sludge release efficiency has significantly decreased, and the sludge filter cake has become significantly compacted, making it difficult to achieve effective dewatering benefits with continued pressurization. At this point, the adjustment range of the filtration pressure value no longer extends upwards but converges to the current pressure and below, typically set to 50% to 100% of the current pressure. Regarding the pressure loading rate, if the candidate solution is to maintain the current pressure, the loading rate is zero; if it is to reduce the pressure, the pressure reduction rate allowed by the equipment is used. Regarding the pressure holding time, if the current pressure is maintained, only a short verification pressure holding time is set; if the pressure is reduced or filtration ends, the pressure holding time is zero.

[0072] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can adaptively set the adjustment range corresponding to each state based on the following factors: the rated working pressure of the sludge filtration equipment, the capacity of the hydraulic system, and the pressure control accuracy determine the upper limit of pressure and the upper limit of loading rate for the continued filtration state; the type of sludge, the floc structure characteristics, the compressibility of the sludge filter cake, and historical dewatering data determine the narrow range width and the reduction in loading rate for the compaction-limited state; the target requirement for the moisture content of the sludge filter cake, the tolerance of subsequent processes to the moisture content of the sludge filter cake, and the energy consumption control target determine the lower limit of pressure for the inefficient continued filtration state and whether to set a verification pressure holding. The filtration pressure value range, pressure loading rate range, and pressure holding time range corresponding to each state are pre-stored in the configuration table of the control system and are adjusted according to the characteristics of the sludge batch and equipment conditions during actual operation, which is not limited here.

[0073] In one implementation, the operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment at the pressure detection moment are obtained as initial operating parameters. The feed-side pressure value at the pressure detection moment is extracted as the initial filtration pressure value, the pressure loading rate at the pressure detection moment is extracted as the initial pressure loading rate, and the pressure holding time at the pressure detection moment is extracted as the initial pressure holding time. Based on the initial operating parameters and using the upper and lower limits of the preset operating parameter adjustment range as boundaries, the value ranges of candidate filtration pressure values, candidate pressure loading rates, and candidate pressure holding times are determined respectively. For example, the lower limit of the candidate filtration pressure value's value range is the initial filtration pressure value plus the lower limit offset of the filtration pressure adjustment range in this state, and the upper limit of the value range is the initial filtration pressure value plus the upper limit offset of the filtration pressure adjustment range in this state. For example, if the initial filtration pressure value is 1.0 MPa, and the filtration pressure adjustment range in the continued filtration state is 0 to +0.5 MPa, then the value range of the candidate filtration pressure value is 1.0 MPa to 1.5 MPa.

[0074] After determining the parameter value range, multiple candidate values ​​are generated from each range according to preset value selection rules. The preset value selection rules use a constant step size method, with the step size set to 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of the adjustment range span to ensure a moderate number of candidate values ​​that evenly cover the entire adjustment interval. Taking the filter pressure value as an example, if the current effective filter pressure difference is 1.0 MPa, the filterable state is "filterable can continue," the allowable upper limit is 90% of the equipment's rated pressure, i.e., 1.5 MPa, and the step size is set to 0.1 MPa, then the generated candidate filter pressure values ​​are 1.0 MPa, 1.1 MPa, 1.2 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 1.4 MPa, and 1.5 MPa, respectively. The candidate pressure loading rate and candidate pressure holding time use the same constant step size method as the filter pressure value, generating a corresponding number of candidate values ​​within their respective value ranges according to the preset step size.

[0075] The candidate filtration pressure value, candidate pressure loading rate, and candidate holding time are combined to obtain multiple candidate operating parameters. Specifically, the candidate filtration pressure value is used as the primary parameter, and the corresponding candidate pressure loading rate and candidate holding time are simultaneously determined according to a preset coordination and matching rule. The coordination and matching rule is set as follows: the candidate pressure loading rate is inversely proportional to the candidate filtration pressure value; that is, the higher the candidate filtration pressure value, the lower the corresponding candidate pressure loading rate, to avoid excessively rapid loading under high pressure targets leading to instantaneous compaction of the sludge filter cake. Conversely, the lower the candidate filtration pressure value, the higher the corresponding candidate pressure loading rate, to quickly reach the target pressure under low pressure targets and shorten ineffective waiting time. Similarly, the candidate holding time is inversely proportional to the candidate filtration pressure value; that is, the higher the candidate filtration pressure value, the shorter the corresponding candidate holding time, to avoid prolonged high pressure leading to compaction accumulation. Conversely, the lower the candidate filtration pressure value, the longer the corresponding candidate holding time, to fully release free water under low pressure conditions.

[0076] S104. Based on the working parameters at the pressure detection time, the candidate operating parameters are filtered and predicted to obtain the corresponding filtered prediction results.

[0077] After a brief period of variable pressure loading, sludge filtration enters a prolonged period of constant pressure holding. This stage is the main contributor to filtrate discharge and also the primary source of energy consumption. Therefore, this study uses a pre-defined filtration calculation model to virtually simulate the constant pressure holding stage defined by candidate operating parameters, in order to predict the dewatering efficiency under different control strategies.

[0078] Specifically, firstly, within a stable filtration period near the pressure detection time, a linear fit is performed based on the mathematical relationship between time and filtrate volume established by classical constant-pressure filtration theory to determine the filtration constant and filter media constant related to the current sludge cake characteristics. The filtration constant reflects the specific resistance characteristics of the sludge cake, while the filter media constant reflects the initial resistance of the filter media. These two constants constitute the operating condition characteristics characterizing the current filterable state of the sludge.

[0079] Subsequently, for each candidate operating parameter, multi-dimensional predictive calculations are performed: the candidate holding time is substituted into the filtration calculation model to obtain the corresponding predicted filtrate increment, thereby quantifying the dewatering output under that parameter; the pressure loading time is calculated by combining the difference between the candidate filtration pressure value and the current pressure value and the candidate pressure loading rate, and then summed with the candidate holding time to obtain the predicted filtration time, in order to evaluate the length of the operation cycle; furthermore, by differentiating the filtration calculation model, a calculation method for the predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate is obtained. This indicator is used to evaluate the dewatering efficiency at the end of the filtration cycle. If the terminal flow rate is too low, it indicates that the dewatering benefit of continuing to hold pressure is minimal, thereby effectively avoiding energy waste caused by excessive pressure holding.

[0080] This embodiment transforms candidate operating parameters into specific multi-dimensional evaluation indicators such as predicted filtrate increment, predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time. This enables quantitative pre-simulation of the subsequent filtration process and provides accurate data support for selecting the optimal operating parameters that balance high yield, high efficiency, and low consumption in subsequent steps.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the operating parameters at the time of pressure detection are obtained as filtration reference data, which includes the filtration pressure parameters, filtrate discharge flow rate, and cumulative filtrate discharge amount at the time of pressure detection.

[0082] In this embodiment, the preset filter calculation model adopts the filter constant form of the constant pressure filter equation, expressed as: ,in, Indicates the filtering time. This indicates the increase in filtrate volume generated within the corresponding filtration time. This represents the filtration constant related to sludge cake resistance. This represents the filtration constant related to the resistance of the filter medium.

[0083] To fit a reference filtration constant, a stable filtration period with minimal pressure variation and continuous filtrate discharge is selected within a time window near the pressure detection time. Multiple sampling points are selected within this reference window. For each sampling point, the cumulative filtration time and the filtrate volume increment since the start of the reference window are recorded, with the start time of the reference window as the zero point. Then, the ratio of the cumulative filtration time to the filtrate volume increment is calculated for each sampling point. A set of data points is plotted in a Cartesian coordinate system with the filtrate volume increment as the x-axis and the ratio as the y-axis. A linear fit is then performed on this set of data points to obtain a fitted straight line. Based on the filtration constant form of the constant pressure filtration equation, the slope of the fitted straight line is the aforementioned filtration constant related to sludge cake resistance. The intercept of the fitted straight line is the filtration constant related to the resistance of the filter medium mentioned above. .

[0084] For each candidate operating parameter, substitute the corresponding candidate holding time into the constant pressure filtering equation above. Solving for the corresponding As a prediction of filtrate increment.

[0085] Next, the feed-side pressure value is extracted from the filter pressure parameters at the pressure detection moment as the current filter pressure value. The current filter pressure value is subtracted from the candidate filter pressure value, and the difference is divided by the candidate pressure loading rate to obtain the pressure loading time corresponding to the candidate operating parameter. This pressure loading time is added to the candidate holding time to obtain the corresponding predicted filtration time.

[0086] Differentiating the filtration constant form of the above constant pressure filtration equation yields the corresponding formula for predicting the final filtrate discharge flow rate: ,in To correspond to the predicted end-of-line filtrate discharge flow rate, it represents the filtrate discharge flow rate corresponding to the end of the candidate holding time when the candidate operating parameter is executed, and is used to characterize the continuous filtrate discharge capability of the candidate operating parameter at the end of the filtration process.

[0087] S105. Based on the filtering and prediction results, select from multiple candidate operating parameters to obtain the target operating parameters.

[0088] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the filtration prediction results corresponding to multiple candidate operating parameters, the multiple candidate operating parameters are comprehensively evaluated based on the predicted filtrate increment, predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time corresponding to each candidate operating parameter, and the target operating parameter is selected from them. Specifically, the predicted filtrate increment characterizes the dehydration benefit that the candidate operating parameter can bring within the corresponding prediction stage, the predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate characterizes the continuous discharge capacity of the candidate operating parameter until the end of the candidate holding time, and the predicted filtration time characterizes the time cost required to achieve the aforementioned dehydration benefit.

[0089] Specifically, let's assume there are a total of There are 10 candidate operating parameters, and for each candidate operating parameter, the corresponding predicted filtrate increment is denoted as . The corresponding predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate is denoted as The corresponding prediction filtering time is denoted as The controller constructs a candidate evaluation matrix from the three prediction results corresponding to each candidate operating parameter: , where the matrix The The line represents the first The evaluation results for each candidate operating parameter are as follows: the first column is the predicted filtrate increment, the second column is the predicted end-of-pipe filtrate discharge flow rate, and the third column is the predicted filtration time.

[0090] Because the predicted filtrate increment, predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time have different dimensions, the controller first preprocesses the candidate evaluation matrix to eliminate the influence of different dimensions. In this embodiment, vector normalization is used to standardize the candidate evaluation matrix to obtain a standardized evaluation matrix: ,in, Represents the candidate evaluation matrix in which the th The candidate operating parameters in the first The original values ​​for each evaluation indicator This represents the corresponding standardized evaluation value. These correspond to the predicted filtrate increment, predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time, respectively. Through the above processing, evaluation indicators with different dimensions can be converted into comparable dimensionless values.

[0091] After obtaining the standardized evaluation matrix, positive and negative ideal evaluation vectors are determined based on the attributes of each evaluation index. In this embodiment, the predicted filtrate increment and the predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate are both benefit-type indicators, meaning the larger the value, the better; the predicted filtration time is a cost-type indicator, meaning the smaller the value, the better.

[0092] Therefore, the positive ideal evaluation vector is set as follows: The negative ideal evaluation vector is set as follows: ;in, This represents the positive ideal evaluation vector, used to characterize the optimal operating state with the maximum predicted filtrate increment, the maximum predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate, and the minimum predicted filtration time. represents the negative ideal evaluation vector, used to characterize the worst-case operating state with the minimum predicted filtrate increment, the minimum predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate, and the maximum predicted filtration time. represents the positive ideal evaluation vector, used to characterize the ideal operating state with the maximum predicted filtrate increment, the maximum predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate, and the minimum predicted filtration time; represents the negative ideal evaluation vector, used to characterize the worst-case operating state with the minimum predicted filtrate increment, the minimum predicted final filtrate discharge flow rate, and the maximum predicted filtration time.

[0093] Calculate the first one respectively The first distance between the standardized evaluation vector corresponding to each candidate operating parameter and the positive ideal evaluation vector, and the second distance between them and the negative ideal evaluation vector. The first distance can be expressed as: The second distance can be expressed as: ,in, Indicates the first The distance between each candidate operating parameter and the positive ideal evaluation vector Indicates the first The distance between each candidate operating parameter and the negative ideal evaluation vector The first positive ideal evaluation vector represents the... The values ​​of each evaluation indicator, The negative ideal evaluation vector represents the first... The values ​​of each evaluation indicator.

[0094] After obtaining the first and second distances, further calculate the third distance. Comprehensive evaluation index corresponding to each candidate operating parameter: ,in, Indicates the first The comprehensive evaluation index corresponding to each candidate operating parameter. The larger the value, the more significant the number. The closer a candidate operating parameter is to the positive ideal evaluation vector, and the further away it is from the negative ideal evaluation vector, the better its overall performance.

[0095] Among multiple candidate operating parameters, the candidate operating parameter with the highest comprehensive evaluation index is selected as the target operating parameter. If there are multiple candidate operating parameters with the highest comprehensive evaluation index, a secondary screening can be performed according to the rules of prioritizing shorter predicted filtration time, higher predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate, or lower candidate filtration pressure value, without specific limitations. In the above screening process, a single index is insufficient to fully reflect the merits of candidate operating parameters. For example, screening based solely on the predicted filtrate increment may select an operating scheme that has a large short-term discharge volume but weak terminal continuous discharge capacity, resulting in a near-inefficient filtration state in the later stages; screening based solely on the predicted filtration time may overlook the problem of insufficient dehydration benefits. Therefore, this invention incorporates the predicted filtrate increment, predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time into a comprehensive evaluation system. The predicted filtrate increment reflects the staged dehydration benefits, the predicted terminal filtrate discharge flow rate reflects the terminal continuous discharge capacity, and the predicted filtration time reflects the time cost required to achieve the dehydration benefits. Through the above comprehensive evaluation, a target operating parameter that balances dehydration benefits, continuous filtration capacity, and time cost can be selected from multiple candidate operating parameters.

[0096] S106 controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform corresponding filtration cycle actions based on the target operating parameters.

[0097] In one implementation, after selecting target operating parameters based on filtration prediction results, the sludge filtration equipment is controlled to perform corresponding filtration cycle actions based on these target operating parameters. These target operating parameters include a target filtration pressure value, a target pressure loading rate, and a target pressure holding time. The target operating parameters are converted into corresponding execution control commands and sent to the sludge filtration equipment's feed pump, pressure regulating valve, pressure holding control unit, and cycle switching control unit to drive the sludge filtration equipment to complete subsequent filtration cycles according to the target operating parameters.

[0098] After the target pressure holding time has elapsed, subsequent filtration cycles can continue based on the current filtration status. Specifically, if the filtration operation has not yet reached the end condition, it returns to the real-time parameter acquisition stage to reassess whether the next pressure detection condition is met, and enters the next round of filtration cycle control accordingly; if the filtration operation has reached the end condition, a filtration end command is output to control the sludge filtration equipment to perform subsequent unloading, cleaning, or cycle reset actions, thereby completing this round of filtration operation.

[0099] This invention also provides a fully automatic intelligent control system for filtration operations. The functions of this system correspond to the steps of the methods S101 to S106 described above. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The system includes: Parameter acquisition module 201 collects the operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment in real time during operation; The detection timing determination module 202 determines the pressure detection timing when the relationship between the changes in the working parameters reaches the preset detection conditions. The pressure detection module 203 controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform pressure detection operation at the pressure detection time and acquires response change data during the pressure detection operation. The response decomposition module 204 performs response decomposition processing on the response change data to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge. The candidate parameter generation module 205 determines multiple candidate operating parameters based on filterable state parameters; The filtering and prediction module 206 performs filtering and prediction processing on candidate operating parameters based on the operating parameters at the pressure detection time, obtains the corresponding filtering and prediction results, and selects the target operating parameters from multiple candidate operating parameters according to the filtering and prediction results. The circulation control module 207 controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform corresponding filtration circulation actions based on the target operating parameters.

[0100] This invention identifies a trend of increasing filtration resistance and decreasing pressure-induced water release conversion capacity by jointly analyzing filtration pressure, filtrate discharge flow rate, and cumulative filtrate discharge. When this trend occurs, short-term pressure detection is applied, and three response components—new filtrate release, flow rate maintenance, and pressure-induced resistance increase—characterize the true filterability of the sludge cake at the current stage. Based on this state information, candidate operating parameters matching the current sludge batch are further generated, and combined with a filtration calculation model, the dewatering benefits, end-of-pipe continuous discharge capacity, and time costs corresponding to different candidate schemes are predicted. This avoids ineffective high pressure, excessive pressure holding, and periodic instability problems that occur when fixed pressure or fixed time control is used in scenarios with fluctuating sludge properties. The filtration pressure loading process is dynamically matched with the actual water release capacity of the sludge, thus improving the discharge efficiency per unit time and stabilizing the cycle time of a single filtration operation in sludge dewatering.

[0101] The foregoing has described one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but this content is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated filtration operation cyclical method, characterized in that, The method includes: The operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment are collected in real time. When the change relationship between the operating parameters reaches the preset detection condition, the pressure detection time is determined. At the pressure detection moment, a pressure detection operation is performed on the sludge filtration device to obtain response change data during the pressure detection operation, and the response change data is processed by response decomposition to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge. Based on the filterable state parameters, multiple candidate operating parameters are determined; Based on the working parameters at the pressure detection time, the candidate operating parameters are filtered and predicted to obtain the corresponding filtering and prediction results. Based on the filtering and prediction results, the target operating parameters are obtained by filtering from multiple candidate operating parameters; Based on the target operating parameters, the sludge filtration equipment is controlled to perform the corresponding filtration cycle action.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operating parameters include filtration pressure parameters, filtrate discharge flow rate parameters, and cumulative filtrate discharge rate parameters, characterized in that, The steps for generating the corresponding pressure release conversion parameters and filtration resistance parameters based on the operating parameters are as follows: Extract the feed side pressure value and the filtrate discharge side pressure value from the filtration pressure parameters, and use the difference between the feed side pressure value and the filtrate discharge side pressure value as the effective filtration pressure difference; Extract the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate from the filtrate discharge flow rate parameters; The ratio of the effective filtration pressure difference to the instantaneous discharge flow rate of the filtrate is used as the filtration resistance parameter; Within a preset time window, calculate the increase in the cumulative filtrate discharge and the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference. The pressure release conversion parameter is obtained by dividing the increase in the cumulative discharge of the filtrate parameter by the increase in the effective filtration pressure difference.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the pressure detection time includes: An evaluation window for real-time setting of filter resistance parameters and pressure release conversion parameters; Calculate the average value of the filter resistance parameter within the evaluation window to obtain the average filter resistance value of the window; Calculate the average value of the pressure-induced water release conversion parameters within the evaluation window to obtain the average value of the pressure-induced water release conversion within the window; Calculate the resistance growth rate based on the average window filtration resistance, and calculate the water release attenuation rate based on the average window pressure water release conversion. When the resistance growth rate is greater than zero and the water release decay rate is greater than zero, the evaluation window is determined as the pressure utilization efficiency decline window. The end time of the pressure utilization efficiency decline window is determined as the pressure detection time.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of response change data during the pressure detection operation includes: The effective pressure difference of filtration, the discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the cumulative discharge amount of filtrate before the pressure detection operation are obtained and recorded as the first effective pressure difference of filtration, the first discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the first cumulative discharge amount of filtrate, respectively, as the reference data before the disturbance; Acquire the effective differential pressure filtering during the pressure detection operation; After the pressure detection operation is completed, the effective pressure difference of filtration, the discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the cumulative discharge amount of filtrate are obtained and recorded as the second effective pressure difference of filtration, the second discharge flow rate of filtrate, and the second cumulative discharge amount of filtrate, respectively, as the response data after the disturbance. The baseline data before the disturbance, the effective pressure difference after the disturbance filtering, and the response data after the disturbance are used as the response change data.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of performing response decomposition processing on the response change data to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge includes: The difference between the effective pressure difference of the perturbation filtration and the effective pressure difference of the first filtration is taken as the perturbation pressure difference increment, and the difference between the cumulative discharge of the second filtrate and the cumulative discharge of the first filtrate is taken as the perturbation filtrate increment. The ratio between the increment of the disturbed filtrate and the increment of the disturbed pressure difference is taken as the water release response component; The ratio of the second filtrate discharge flow rate to the first filtrate discharge flow rate is used as the flow rate retention component; The ratio between the first effective filtration pressure difference and the first filtrate discharge flow rate is taken as the first filtration resistance, and the ratio between the second effective filtration pressure difference and the second filtrate discharge flow rate is taken as the second filtration resistance. Calculate the difference between the second filter resistance and the first filter resistance, and divide the difference by the first filter resistance as the compaction loss component; The water release response component, the flow rate maintenance component, and the compaction loss component are used as filterable state parameters of the sludge.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of multiple candidate operating parameters based on the filterable state parameters includes: The filterable state parameters are mapped to obtain the filterable state of the sludge. Obtain the preset operating parameter adjustment range corresponding to the filterable state, and obtain the operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment at the pressure detection time as the initial operating parameters; Based on the initial operating parameters and the preset operating parameter adjustment range, determine the range of candidate operating parameters; According to the preset value selection rules, multiple candidate operating parameters are determined from the range of candidate operating parameters.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of mapping the filterable state parameters to obtain the filterable state of the sludge includes: Obtain the average value of water release conversion of the window pressure corresponding to the evaluation window at the pressure detection time; When the water release response component is greater than or equal to the average value of water release conversion under window pressure, the flow rate maintenance component is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, and the compaction loss component is less than or equal to a preset second threshold, the filterable state of the sludge is classified as a state that can continue to be filtered. When the water release response component is less than the average value of water release conversion under window pressure, the flow rate maintenance component is less than a preset first threshold, and the compaction loss component is greater than a preset second threshold, the filterable state of the sludge is classified as an inefficient continuous filtration state. When the filterable state of the sludge does not belong to the further filterable state and does not belong to the inefficient further filterable state, the filterable state of the sludge is classified as the compaction-limited filterable state.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The candidate operating parameters are filtered and predicted based on the operating parameters at the pressure detection time to obtain the corresponding filtering and prediction results, including: The operating parameters at the pressure detection moment are obtained as filtering reference data; The filtration reference data and the candidate operating parameters are input into a preset filtration calculation model, and the corresponding predicted filtrate increment, predicted end filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time are output. The predicted filtrate increment, the predicted end-of-pipe filtrate discharge flow rate, and the predicted filtration time are used as the corresponding filtration prediction results.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of filtering from multiple candidate operating parameters based on the filtering prediction results to obtain the target operating parameters includes: The predicted filtrate increment, predicted end-point filtrate discharge flow rate, and predicted filtration time corresponding to multiple candidate operating parameters are used to construct a candidate evaluation matrix; The candidate evaluation matrix is ​​preprocessed to obtain a standardized evaluation matrix; Based on the standardized evaluation matrix, determine the positive ideal evaluation vector and the negative ideal evaluation vector; Calculate the first distance between the standardized evaluation vector corresponding to the candidate operating parameter and the positive ideal evaluation vector, and calculate the second distance between the standardized evaluation vector corresponding to the candidate operating parameter and the negative ideal evaluation vector; Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index corresponding to the candidate operating parameters based on the first distance and the second distance; The candidate operating parameter with the largest comprehensive evaluation index is selected from multiple candidate operating parameters as the target operating parameter.

10. A fully automatic intelligent control system for filtration operations, used to implement the fully automatic filtration operation cyclic operation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The system includes: The parameter acquisition module collects the operating parameters of the sludge filtration equipment in real time during operation. The detection timing determination module determines the pressure detection timing when the change relationship between the operating parameters reaches a preset detection condition. The pressure detection module controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform a pressure detection operation at the pressure detection time and acquires response change data during the pressure detection operation. The response decomposition module performs response decomposition processing on the response change data to determine the filterable state parameters of the sludge. The candidate parameter generation module determines multiple candidate operating parameters based on the filterable state parameters; The filtering and prediction module performs filtering and prediction processing on the candidate operating parameters based on the operating parameters at the pressure detection time, obtains the corresponding filtering and prediction results, and selects the target operating parameters from multiple candidate operating parameters according to the filtering and prediction results. The circulation control module controls the sludge filtration equipment to perform corresponding filtration circulation actions based on the target operating parameters.

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