Self-cleaning dissolver, granular dissolving apparatus and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-cleaning dissolver, a particle dissolving device, and a method, enabling automatic material feeding and discharging, thus allowing the dissolving reaction in the self-cleaning dissolver to operate continuously. The self-cleaning dissolver includes an annular hopper assembly, a feeding / discharging assembly, and a spraying assembly. The annular hopper assembly is rotatable about its central axis; the annular hopper assembly includes multiple hoppers arranged in a ring around the central axis. The feeding / discharging assembly is located at the center of the ring, and has a feeding chamber and a discharging chamber. The inlet of the feeding chamber is above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; the outlet of the feeding chamber is located at the bottom of the feeding chamber and below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. The inlet of the discharging chamber faces upwards and is above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; the outlet of the discharging chamber is located at the bottom of the discharging chamber and is above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spent fuel reprocessing technology, specifically relating to a self-cleaning dissolver, a particle dissolution device, and a method. Background Technology

[0002] In the reprocessing of spent fuel assemblies at nuclear power plants, the spent fuel assemblies need to be sheared and then enter the dissolver to be dissolved into waste cladding.

[0003] In order to enable the dissolution reaction in the solvent to operate continuously, an automatic solid material feeding and discharging device is needed to achieve continuous feeding of spent fuel particles and continuous discharge of waste cladding, but such a device does not currently exist. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a self-cleaning dissolver, a particle dissolving device and a particle dissolving method, which can realize automatic feeding and discharging of materials and avoid clogging of the feeding and discharging, thereby enabling the dissolving reaction in the self-cleaning dissolver to operate continuously.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a self-cleaning dissolver, which is disposed in a dissolving tank. The self-cleaning dissolver includes an annular hopper assembly, a feeding / discharging assembly, and a spraying assembly. The annular hopper assembly is rotatable about its central axis; the annular hopper assembly includes multiple hoppers arranged in a ring around the central axis, with the openings of the multiple hoppers all facing the center of the ring and forming an inner circle of the annular hopper assembly. Some of the hoppers are above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, and some of the hoppers are below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. The feeding / discharging assembly is disposed at the center of the ring, and the feeding / discharging assembly has a feeding chamber and a discharging chamber. The inlet of the feeding chamber is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; the outlet of the feeding chamber is located at the bottom of the feeding chamber and below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper can be successively submerged below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber, so that the material entering the feeding chamber can, under its own gravity, pass through the outlet of the feeding chamber and the opening of the hopper in sequence, and enter the hopper directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber. The inlet of the discharge chamber faces upward and is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; the outlet of the discharge chamber is located at the bottom of the discharge chamber and is also above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. When the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper rises to the liquid surface and sequentially aligns with the inlet of the discharge chamber. This allows the material in the hopper directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber to enter the discharge chamber through its opening under its own gravity and be discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber. A spraying assembly is installed on the inlet and outlet assembly and is connected to an external spraying liquid delivery pipe for spraying spraying liquid onto the inner wall of the inlet chamber.

[0006] In some embodiments, the feeding and discharging assembly further includes a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, and a first partition plate, a second partition plate, and a third partition plate disposed between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate. The first partition plate is disposed on the side near the annular hopper assembly that is prepared to enter the dissolving tank. The third partition plate is disposed opposite to the first partition plate, and the second partition plate is disposed on the upper part between the first partition plate and the third partition plate. The lower parts of the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the first partition plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate form the feeding chamber. The lower ends of the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the first partition plate, and the second partition plate form the outlet of the feeding chamber. The inlet of the feeding chamber is opened on the front cover plate. The upper parts of the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate form the discharging chamber. The upper ends of the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate form the inlet of the discharging chamber. The outlet of the discharging chamber is opened on the front cover plate. The spray assembly includes multiple spray pipes, all of which are disposed on the rear cover plate and extend into the feed chamber. The multiple spray pipes are connected to the spray liquid conveying pipe and are used to spray spray liquid onto the lower inner surfaces of the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the first partition plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate.

[0007] In some embodiments, at any given time, the number of hoppers directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber is two or more.

[0008] In some embodiments, the feeding / discharging assembly further includes a discharge chute and a discharge channel. The inlet of the discharge chute is fitted onto the outlet of the discharge chamber on the front cover plate, and the outlet of the discharge chute extends downward. The discharge channel is located below the side of the discharge chute away from the front cover plate, communicates with the outlet of the discharge chute, and the bottom wall and two side walls of the upper end of the discharge channel surround the outside of the discharge chute. Material discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber is discharged sequentially through the discharge chute and the discharge channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the feeding assembly further includes a feeding chute and a feeding channel. The feeding chute extends into the feeding chamber through the feeding chamber inlet in a downward oblique direction. The feeding channel is located above the feeding chute on the side away from the front cover plate and communicates with the feeding chute. The material to be dissolved enters the feeding chamber sequentially through the feeding channel and the feeding channel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning dissolver further includes a tank wall. The tank wall is disposed opposite to the front cover plate; the discharge chute and the feed chute both penetrate the tank wall and are fixed to it; two guide seats are provided on the side of the tank wall facing the front cover plate, the two guide seats being arranged sequentially in a horizontal direction, each guide seat having a vertical guide groove. Outwardly extending horizontal guide posts are provided on both sides of the feed chute, the two guide posts respectively engaging the guide grooves of the two guide seats to achieve positioning and communication between the feed chute and the feed chute.

[0011] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning dissolver further includes a defoaming component. Along the rotational direction of the annular hopper assembly, the defoaming component is disposed between the outlet of the feed chamber and the inlet of the discharge chamber, and directly above at least one opening of the hopper between the outlet of the feed chamber and the inlet of the discharge chamber, for breaking up air bubbles generated within the hopper.

[0012] In some embodiments, the defoaming assembly includes a support plate and a defoaming cross plate. The upper end of the support plate is fixed to the upper end of the third partition, and the lower end of the support plate is fixed to the lower end of the third partition; a gap exists between the support plate and the feeding / discharging assembly, the gap forming a defoaming area. The defoaming cross plate is disposed in the defoaming area to break up bubbles generated from the hopper; one end of the defoaming cross plate is fixed to the support plate, and the other end is fixed to the third partition.

[0013] In some embodiments, the support plate includes a vertical plate and a grid plate. The upper end of the vertical plate forms the upper end of the support plate. The grid plate is located at the bottom of the defoaming assembly, with its upper end connected to the lower end of the vertical plate and its lower end forming the lower end of the support plate. The grid plate extends along the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly. Multiple defoaming grooves are formed on the grid plate to break up bubbles generated within the hopper. Multiple defoaming horizontal plates are included, with some fixed to the vertical plate and others fixed to the grid plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the rear cover plate is larger than the area of ​​the front cover plate, and the rear cover plate extends outward from the third partition plate to be flush with the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly. A baffle plate is provided at the upper end of the vertical plate, extending downward along the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly, with a gap between the lower end of the baffle plate and the lower end of the vertical plate. The area enclosed by the vertical plate, the baffle plate, and the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly forms a material return zone, and material entering the material return zone re-enters the opening of the hopper opposite the material return zone.

[0015] Therefore, the self-cleaning dissolver provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting up an annular hopper assembly, arranges multiple hoppers in the annular hopper assembly in a ring around a central axis, with the openings of the multiple hoppers all facing the center of the ring and forming an inner circle around the annular hopper assembly. This allows the position of each hopper to change during rotation, and the orientation of the opening of each hopper to change, thereby facilitating the feeding of material when the hopper opening is upward and the discharge of material when the hopper opening is downward. By setting the feeding and discharging assembly at the center of the ring, with the inlet of the feeding chamber above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and the outlet of the feeding chamber at the bottom of the feeding chamber below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, when the opening of each hopper is opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber, the material entering the feeding chamber can, under its own gravity, sequentially pass through the outlet of the feeding chamber, the opening of the hopper, and into the hopper directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber, thereby achieving continuous automatic feeding of material. Furthermore, because the inlet of the feeding chamber is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, the sidewall of the feeding chamber can reduce splashing of the dissolving liquid and foam caused by the instantaneous contact between the material and the dissolving liquid after the material enters the inlet. By making the inlet of the discharge chamber face upward and located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, and the outlet of the discharge chamber located at the bottom of the discharge chamber and located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper will sequentially face the inlet of the discharge chamber. This allows the material in each hopper to fall into the discharge chamber under its own gravity and be discharged when it rotates to the inlet of the discharge chamber, thus achieving continuous automatic material discharge. In summary, automatic material feeding and discharging can be achieved when the annular hopper assembly rotates, thereby enabling the dissolving reaction in the self-cleaning solvent to operate continuously. Furthermore, by setting up the spray pipe assembly 22, the inner wall surface of the feeding chamber can be cleaned, preventing blockage of the feeding and discharging due to dust and reaction products.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a particle dissolving apparatus, which includes a shearer and the self-cleaning dissolving device described in the first aspect. The shearer is used to shear spent fuel assemblies into spent fuel particles and output them. The spent fuel particles conveyed by the shearer enter the feed chamber of the self-cleaning dissolving device through the inlet of the feed chamber and enter the hopper under the action of gravity for dissolution.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a particle dissolution method, which uses the self-cleaning dissolver from the first aspect. The particle dissolution method includes: driving an annular hopper assembly to rotate, such that the opening of one hopper is submerged below the liquid surface of the dissolution tank and directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber of the self-cleaning dissolver; conveying spent fuel particles through the inlet of the feed chamber into the feed chamber, wherein the spent fuel particles, under their own gravity, pass through the outlet of the feed chamber and the opening of the hopper, and enter the hopper directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber for dissolution; simultaneously opening a spray assembly to spray spray liquid onto the inner wall of the feed chamber; when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the material in the hopper directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber of the self-cleaning dissolver, under its own gravity, enters the discharge chamber through the opening of the hopper and is discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber.

[0018] The particle dissolving device and particle dissolving method provided in this embodiment of the invention have the same beneficial effects as the self-cleaning dissolving device described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 : A structural diagram of a self-cleaning dissolver provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 : A side view of a self-cleaning dissolver provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 : Rear view of a self-cleaning dissolver provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 : A partial structural diagram of a self-cleaning dissolver provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 :for Figure 4 Sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 6 :for Figure 4 Sectional view along the middle AA direction; Figure 7 : A structural diagram of a tank wall and a guide seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 : A partial structural diagram of another self-cleaning dissolver provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Example 1: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a self-cleaning dissolver, which is applied in the reprocessing process of spent fuel assemblies. The self-cleaning dissolver is set in a dissolution tank and is used to dissolve the sheared spent fuel particles.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the self-cleaning dissolver includes an annular hopper assembly and an inlet / outlet assembly. The annular hopper assembly is rotatable about its central axis. The annular hopper assembly includes multiple hoppers 11 arranged in a ring around the central axis. The openings of the multiple hoppers 11 all face the center of the ring and form the inner circle of the annular hopper assembly. Some hoppers 11 are above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, and some hoppers 11 are below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank.

[0023] For example, the number of scoops 11 can be set according to the size of each scoop 11 and the size of the annular scoop assembly.

[0024] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, each hopper 11 is fixed on an annular support plate, and each hopper 11 can be rotated by rotating the annular support plate.

[0025] For example, the material described above can be any solid particulate material. In this embodiment, the material is spent fuel pellets, and the residue after the spent fuel pellets dissolve is a stainless steel cladding. The hopper 11 is a radiation-proof hopper.

[0026] For example, the opening of each hopper 11 is small in size, which can prevent the material entering the hopper 11 from falling out abnormally.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The horizontal dotted line in the diagram represents the liquid level in the dissolving tank. When the annular hopper assembly rotates, each hopper 11 rotates around the center of the ring. The change in the position of each hopper 11 will cause the opening orientation of the hopper 11 to change: when the hopper 11 rotates to near the lowest position of the annular hopper assembly, the opening of the hopper 11 faces upward, and at this time, the material can be fed into the interior of the hopper 11 through its opening, allowing the material to come into contact with the dissolving liquid inside the hopper 11 for dissolution; when the hopper 11 rotates to near the highest position of the annular hopper assembly, the opening of the hopper 11 faces downward, and at this time, the material inside the hopper 11 will move downward due to gravity and fall out of the opening of the hopper 11.

[0028] like Figure 4As shown, the feeding and discharging assembly is located at the center of the ring, and has a feeding chamber M and a discharging chamber N. The inlet of the feeding chamber M is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. The outlet of the feeding chamber M is located at the bottom of the feeding chamber M and below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. When the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper 11 can be successively submerged below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber M, so that the material entering the feeding chamber M can, under its own gravity, pass through the outlet of the feeding chamber M, the opening of the hopper 11, and enter the hopper 11 directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber M.

[0029] Combination Figure 3 The feeding and discharging components can be fixed by external brackets.

[0030] For example, the feed chamber M and the discharge chamber N are independent of each other and are separated by a partition. Figure 4 In the middle, the feeding chamber M is located in the lower left part of the feeding and discharging assembly, and the discharging chamber N is located in the upper right part of the feeding and discharging assembly.

[0031] For ease of explanation, Figure 4 The different positions of the scoop 11 are identified by 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, and 11f.

[0032] exist Figure 4 In this configuration, the hopper 11a is directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber M, allowing material entering the feed chamber M to enter the hopper 11a. When the annular hopper assembly rotates counterclockwise, the opening of a hopper 11 adjacent to the left side of hopper 11a will be opposite the outlet of the feed chamber M, allowing material entering the feed chamber M to enter this hopper 11.

[0033] With the above settings, as Figure 4 As shown, when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper 11 will sequentially align with the outlet of the feeding chamber M. This allows for continuous automatic feeding of materials through the feeding chamber M by controlling the feeding time. Furthermore, because the inlet of the feeding chamber M is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, the sidewall of the feeding chamber M can reduce splashing of the dissolving liquid and foam caused by the instantaneous contact between the material and the dissolving liquid after the material enters the inlet.

[0034] As the annular hopper assembly rotates, the material entering the hopper 11 will continuously react with the dissolving liquid to dissolve until the hopper 11 leaves the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and all the dissolving liquid inside flows out.

[0035] For example, in Figure 4 In the process, the materials in the hoppers 11b, 11c, and 11d located below the liquid surface will continue to dissolve, while the dissolved liquid in the hoppers 11e and 11f will continue to flow out and eventually flow out completely.

[0036] By controlling the rotation speed of the annular hopper assembly, the material and the solution can react completely after the hopper 11 rotates out of the liquid surface of the dissolving tank.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the inlet of the discharge chamber N faces upward and is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; the outlet of the discharge chamber N is located at the bottom of the discharge chamber N and is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper 11 rises to the liquid surface and can be aligned with the inlet of the discharge chamber N in sequence, so that the material in the hopper 11 aligned with the inlet of the discharge chamber N can enter the discharge chamber N through the opening of the hopper 11 under its own gravity and be discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber N.

[0038] With the above settings, as Figure 4 As shown, when the annular hopper assembly rotates, each hopper 11 will rotate to near its highest point in sequence, so that the opening of each hopper 11 is aligned with the inlet of the discharge chamber N in sequence. This allows the material in each hopper 11 to fall into the discharge chamber N under its own gravity and be discharged, thus realizing continuous automatic material discharge.

[0039] After each hopper 11 has finished discharging, it can be rotated to be below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and aligned with the outlet of the feed chamber M of the self-cleaning dissolving device to restart feeding and continue the cycle.

[0040] In summary, the automatic feeding and discharging of materials can be achieved by rotating the annular hopper assembly, thereby enabling the dissolution reaction in the self-cleaning dissolver to operate continuously.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the self-cleaning dissolver also includes a spray assembly 22, which is installed on the feed assembly and connected to an external spray liquid delivery pipe for spraying spray liquid onto the inner wall of the feed chamber.

[0042] For example, the spray solution can be nitric acid.

[0043] Dust generated during the solid particle feeding process and products produced by the reaction of solid particles in the hopper 11 may adhere to the inner wall of the feeding chamber. By setting up the spray pipe assembly 22, the inner wall of the feeding chamber can be cleaned, reducing the risk of feeding chamber blockage caused by dust and reaction products, thereby avoiding inlet and outlet blockage.

[0044] Therefore, the self-cleaning dissolver provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting an annular hopper assembly, arranges multiple hoppers 11 in the annular hopper assembly in a ring around the central axis, and makes the openings of the multiple hoppers 11 all face the center of the ring and surround the inner circle of the annular hopper assembly, so that the position of each hopper 11 changes during rotation, and the opening orientation of each hopper 11 changes, thereby facilitating the feeding of material when the opening of the hopper 11 is facing upward and the discharge of material when the opening of the hopper 11 is facing downward. By placing the feeding and discharging components at the center of the ring, with the inlet of the feeding chamber M above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and the outlet of the feeding chamber M located at the bottom of the feeding chamber M and below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, continuous automatic feeding of materials can be achieved. This is because the opening of each hopper 11 is opposite to the outlet of the feeding chamber M, allowing the material entering the feeding chamber M to pass sequentially through the outlet of the feeding chamber M, the opening of the hopper 11, and into the hopper 11 directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber M under its own gravity. Furthermore, because the inlet of the feeding chamber M is above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, the sidewall of the feeding chamber M can reduce splashing of the dissolving liquid and foam caused by the instantaneous contact between the material and the dissolving liquid after the material enters the inlet. By positioning the inlet of discharge chamber N upwards and above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, and the outlet of discharge chamber N at its bottom and above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank, when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper 11 will sequentially align with the inlet of discharge chamber N. This allows the material inside each hopper 11 to fall into discharge chamber N under its own gravity and be discharged when it rotates to the inlet of discharge chamber N, achieving continuous automatic material discharge. In summary, automatic material feeding and discharging can be achieved when the annular hopper assembly rotates, enabling continuous operation of the dissolving reaction in the self-cleaning dissolver. Furthermore, by installing the spray pipe assembly 22, the inner wall of the feeding chamber can be cleaned, preventing blockage of the feeding and discharging processes due to dust and reaction products.

[0045] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8The feeding and discharging assembly also includes a front cover plate 15, a rear cover plate 14, and a first partition plate 13, a second partition plate 2, and a third partition plate 12 disposed between the front cover plate 15 and the rear cover plate 14. The first partition plate 13 is disposed on the side near the annular hopper assembly that is ready to enter the dissolving tank. The third partition plate 12 is disposed opposite to the first partition plate 13. The second partition plate 2 is disposed in the upper part between the first partition plate 13 and the third partition plate 12. The lower parts of the front cover plate 15, the rear cover plate 14, the first partition plate 13, the second partition plate 2, and the third partition plate 12 form the feeding chamber M. The lower ends of the front cover plate 15, the rear cover plate 14, the first partition plate 13, and the second partition plate 2 form the outlet of the feeding chamber M. The inlet of the feeding chamber M is opened on the front cover plate 15. The upper parts of the front cover plate 15, the rear cover plate 14, the second partition plate 2 and the third partition plate 12 form the discharge chamber N; the upper ends of the front cover plate 15, the rear cover plate 14, the second partition plate 2 and the third partition plate 12 form the inlet of the discharge chamber N, and the outlet of the discharge chamber N is opened on the front cover plate 15.

[0046] For example, the dimensions of the feed chamber M gradually increase from bottom to top, so that all the material entering the feed chamber M can be gathered to the outlet of the feed chamber M by gravity and enter the hopper 11.

[0047] For example, the dimensions of the discharge chamber N gradually increase from bottom to top, so that the material entering the discharge chamber N can be gathered to the outlet of the discharge chamber N by gravity, making it easier to discharge all the material in the discharge chamber N.

[0048] The inlet of the feed chamber M and the outlet of the discharge chamber N are both located on the front cover plate 15, allowing materials to enter and exit from the same side of the self-cleaning dissolver.

[0049] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the spray assembly 22 includes multiple spray pipes, all of which are mounted on the rear cover plate 14 and extend into the feed chamber. The multiple spray pipes are connected to the spray liquid conveying pipeline and are used to spray spray liquid onto the lower inner surfaces of the front cover plate 15, the rear cover plate 14, the first partition plate 13, the second partition plate 2, and the third partition plate 12.

[0050] For example, the number of spray pipes can be set as needed. The inlets of the spray pipes are all connected to the spray liquid delivery pipeline through the manifold, and the outlets of the spray pipes all extend into the feed chamber. Figure 6 The arrows in the text indicate the direction of spraying of the spray liquid.

[0051] The above settings can prevent materials from accumulating and clogging the feed chamber at the bottom of the front cover plate 15, rear cover plate 14, first partition plate 13, second partition plate 2 and third partition plate 12.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, at any given time, there are two or more hoppers 11 directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber N.

[0053] For example, Figure 4 In the middle, on the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly, the inlet of the discharge chamber N is larger in size, and the inlet of the discharge chamber N can be directly opposite the opening of multiple hoppers 11.

[0054] With the above settings, the material in multiple hoppers 11 can simultaneously enter the discharge chamber through the inlet of the discharge chamber N for discharge, thereby improving discharge efficiency and ensuring that all the material in the hoppers 11 enters the discharge chamber, reducing the residue of material in the hoppers 11.

[0055] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The feeding and discharging assembly also includes a discharge chute 3 and a discharge channel 21. The inlet of the discharge chute 3 is attached to the outlet of the discharge chamber N on the front cover plate 15, and the outlet of the discharge chute 3 extends downward. The discharge channel 21 is located below the side of the discharge chute 3 away from the front cover plate 15, and communicates with the outlet of the discharge chute 3. The bottom wall and two side walls of the upper end of the discharge channel 21 surround the outside of the discharge chute 3. The material discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber N is discharged sequentially through the discharge chute 3 and the discharge channel 21.

[0056] For example, the outlet of the discharge chute 3 is rectangular, and the cross-sectional shape of the discharge chute 21 is rectangular.

[0057] With the above settings, the material in the discharge chamber N can be drawn out. In addition, the upper end of the discharge chute 21 can cover the outlet of the discharge chute 3 to prevent the material from leaking out from the gap between the outlet of the discharge chute 3 and the discharge chute 21 when it rolls out of the discharge chute 3.

[0058] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The feeding and discharging assembly also includes a feeding chute 1 and a feeding sluice 19. The feeding chute 1 extends into the feeding chamber M through the inlet in a downward-sloping direction. The feeding sluice 19 is located above the feeding chute 1 on the side away from the front cover plate 15 and is connected to the feeding chute 1. The material to be dissolved enters the feeding chamber M sequentially through the feeding sluice 19 and the feeding chute 1.

[0059] For example, the feed chute 1 is designed as a rectangular channel, and the four corners of the feed chute 1 are chamfered to prevent debris accumulation and facilitate cleaning; the feed chute 1 extends below the liquid surface to better guide the material into the hopper 11.

[0060] Understandably, when spent fuel enters the solvent, it undergoes a chemical reaction that releases heat and produces bubbles and steam.

[0061] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, a narrow groove is opened at the lower end of the feed chute 1, which can effectively prevent the steam pressure in the feed chute 1 from being too high. In addition, the space in which the feed chute 1 is located has an enlarged hole structure, which can limit the splashing of liquid and the generation of foam to a certain extent.

[0062] With the above setup, the inlet of the feeding chamber M can be led out through the feeding chute 1 and the feeding chute 19, making it convenient to introduce materials at a location far away from the feeding chamber M (e.g., the outlet of the previous process).

[0063] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The self-cleaning dissolver also includes a tank wall 18. The tank wall 18 is positioned opposite to the front cover plate 15. The discharge chute 21 and the feed chute 19 both penetrate the tank wall 18 and are fixed to it. Two guide seats 17 are provided on the side of the tank wall 18 facing the front cover plate 15. The two guide seats 17 are arranged sequentially in the horizontal direction, and each guide seat 17 has a vertical guide groove. Guide posts 16 extending horizontally outward are provided on both sides of the feed chute 1. The two guide posts 16 are respectively engaged in the guide grooves of the two guide seats 17 to achieve positioning and communication between the feed chute 19 and the feed chute 1.

[0064] For example, the tank wall 18 is connected to an external fixed structure. The tank wall 18 can support the discharge chute 21 and the feed chute 19.

[0065] For example, two guide seats 17 are fixed to the wall surface 18 of the tank. The guide groove gradually narrows from top to bottom to guide the guide post 16 when it is inserted into the feed chute 1, and to achieve the snap-fit ​​positioning of the guide post 16, and finally to achieve the positioning of the feed chute 1.

[0066] In some examples, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the feed chute 1 is hinged to the front cover plate 15. Through the adjustability of the hinge structure, after the two guide posts 16 of the feed chute 1 are engaged in the guide grooves of the two guide seats 17, a tight connection can be achieved at the interface between the feed chute 1 and the feed chute 19.

[0067] With the above settings, a tight connection between the feed chute 19 and the feed channel 1 can be achieved.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the self-cleaning dissolver also includes a defoaming component. Along the rotation direction of the annular hopper assembly, the defoaming component is disposed between the outlet of the feed chamber M and the inlet of the discharge chamber N, and is located directly above the opening of at least one hopper 11 between the outlet of the feed chamber M and the inlet of the discharge chamber N, for breaking up bubbles generated from the hopper 11.

[0069] exist Figure 4 In the middle, the defoaming area is located on the lower right side of the inlet and outlet components.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, during the operation of the self-cleaning dissolver, the hopper 11a rotates counterclockwise and will reach positions 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, and 11f respectively. When the dissolution reaction in hoppers 11b and 11c is intense, the exothermic reaction and the generated bubbles can easily lead to flooding. By setting up an antifoaming component to break the bubbles generated in the hopper 11, flooding can be effectively prevented.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the defoaming assembly includes a support plate and a defoaming horizontal plate 6. The upper end of the support plate is fixed to the upper end of the third partition 12, and the lower end of the support plate is fixed to the lower end of the third partition 12; there is a gap between the support plate and the feeding / discharging assembly, forming a defoaming area. The defoaming horizontal plate 6 is disposed in the defoaming area to break up bubbles generated from the hopper 11. One end of the defoaming horizontal plate 6 is fixed to the support plate, and the other end is fixed to the third partition 12.

[0072] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, there are multiple defoaming horizontal plates 6, which are arranged alternately from bottom to top.

[0073] For example, the defoaming plate 6 is set at an angle.

[0074] With the above settings, the bubbles generated in the hopper 11 can be broken by the defoaming plate 6, which can effectively prevent flooding.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the support plate includes a vertical plate 4 and a grid plate 20. The upper end of the vertical plate 4 forms the upper end of the support plate. The grid plate 20 is located at the bottom of the defoaming assembly. The upper end of the grid plate 20 is connected to the lower end of the vertical plate 4, and the lower end of the grid plate 20 forms the lower end of the support plate. The grid plate 20 extends along the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly. Multiple defoaming grooves are provided on the grid plate 20 to break up bubbles generated from the hopper 11. There are multiple defoaming horizontal plates 6. Some of the defoaming horizontal plates 6 are fixed to the vertical plate 4, and the other part of the defoaming horizontal plates 6 are fixed to the grid plate 20.

[0076] Understandable, such as Figure 4 As shown, the grid plate 20 is positioned close to the openings of the hoppers 11b and 11c.

[0077] After the bubbles generated in the hopper 11 are discharged through the opening, the grid plate 20 can immediately break the bubbles, which can enhance the bubble breaking effect. Furthermore, the grid plate 20 can also prevent some material from leaking out of the opening of the hopper 11 due to excessively vigorous reaction inside the hopper 11.

[0078] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rear cover plate 14 has a larger area than the front cover plate 15, and the rear cover plate 14 extends outward from the third partition plate 12 to be flush with the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly. Figure 7 A baffle plate 5 is provided at the upper end of the vertical plate 4. The baffle plate 5 extends downward along the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly, and there is a gap between the lower end of the baffle plate 5 and the lower end of the vertical plate 4. The area enclosed by the vertical plate 4, the baffle plate 5, and the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly forms a material return zone. The material entering the material return zone re-enters the opening of the hopper 11 opposite to the material return zone.

[0079] For example, the rear cover 14 is a circular cover, and the size of the rear cover 14 is adapted to the size of the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly.

[0080] During the discharge process, there may be material leakage, such as... Figure 4 As shown, guided by the baffle plate 5, the leaking material can be directed into the material return zone and into the hopper 11d to the maximum extent, thus reducing material leakage.

[0081] Example 2: This invention also provides a particle dissolving device for shearing and dissolving spent fuel assemblies. The particle dissolving device includes a shearer and the self-cleaning dissolving device described in Embodiment 1. The shearer shears the spent fuel assemblies into spent fuel particles and outputs them. The spent fuel particles conveyed by the shearer enter the feed chamber M of the self-cleaning dissolving device through the inlet and, under the action of gravity, enter the hopper 11 for dissolution.

[0082] For example, the shearer operates continuously and continuously outputs spent fuel particles to the inlet of the feed chamber M of the self-cleaning dissolver. The annular hopper assembly of the self-cleaning dissolver rotates continuously, so that the spent fuel particles entering the feed chamber M sequentially enter each hopper 11.

[0083] The material entering the hopper 11 reacts with the solution and rises continuously as the annular hopper assembly rotates. By controlling the rotation speed of the annular hopper assembly, the material in the hopper 11 can be ensured to have completely reacted with the solution when the hopper 11 leaves the solution.

[0084] When the hopper 11 rotates until its opening is directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber N, the reacted material is discharged from the hopper 11 into the discharge chamber N under its own gravity, and then discharged to the outside through the outlet of the discharge chamber N.

[0085] The aforementioned self-cleaning dissolver enables automatic feeding and discharging of spent fuel pellets, which helps improve the processing efficiency of the pellet dissolving device for spent fuel assemblies.

[0086] Example 3: This invention also provides a particle dissolution method, which uses the self-cleaning dissolver in Example 1 and includes steps S100-S300.

[0087] S100, drive the annular hopper assembly to rotate, so that the opening of one hopper 11 is submerged below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber M of the self-cleaning dissolving device.

[0088] S200: Spent fuel particles are conveyed into the feed chamber M through the inlet. Under their own gravity, the spent fuel particles pass through the outlet of the feed chamber M and the opening of the hopper 11, entering the hopper 11 directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber M for dissolution. At the same time, the spray assembly 22 is turned on, and spraying liquid is sprayed onto the inner wall of the feed chamber through the spray assembly 22.

[0089] External spent fuel particles only need to be fed into the inlet of the feed chamber M to automatically pass through the feed chamber M and enter the hopper 11 for dissolution under gravity, thus realizing automatic feeding of spent fuel particles. Furthermore, due to the shielding of the side wall of the feed chamber M, liquid splashing caused when spent fuel particles enter the dissolution liquid in the dissolution tank can be reduced.

[0090] By rotating the annular hopper assembly, spent fuel particles can be sequentially conveyed to each hopper 11 for dissolution, thereby achieving automatic feeding of spent fuel particles. The spray assembly 22 can clean the inner wall of the feeding chamber, reducing the risk of clogging caused by dust and reaction products.

[0091] When the S300 annular hopper assembly rotates, the material in the hopper 11, which is directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber N of the self-cleaning dissolver, enters the discharge chamber N through the opening of the hopper 11 under its own gravity and is discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber N.

[0092] For example, the material after the spent fuel particles have been dissolved is encased in stainless steel, that is, the material in the hopper 11 directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber N of the self-cleaning dissolver is encased in stainless steel.

[0093] By rotating the annular hopper assembly, the dissolved material in each hopper 11 can be discharged through the outlet of the discharge chamber N in sequence, so that the opening of each hopper 11 can be rotated back below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and aligned with the outlet of the feed chamber M of the self-cleaning dissolver to restart feeding.

[0094] In summary, the automatic feeding of spent fuel pellets and the automatic discharge of dissolved materials can be achieved by driving the annular hopper assembly to rotate, thereby improving the processing efficiency of spent fuel pellets.

[0095] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning dissolver, disposed in a dissolving tank, characterized in that, include: The annular scoop assembly is rotatable about its central axis; the annular scoop assembly includes a plurality of scoops (11), the plurality of scoops (11) are arranged in a ring about the central axis, the openings of the plurality of scoops (11) all face the center of the ring and are arranged to form the inner circle of the annular scoop assembly, some of the scoops (11) are located above the liquid surface of the dissolving pool, and some of the scoops (11) are located below the liquid surface of the dissolving pool; A feeding and discharging assembly is located at the center of the annular structure. The feeding and discharging assembly has a feeding chamber and a discharging chamber. The inlet of the feeding chamber is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. The outlet of the feeding chamber is located at the bottom of the feeding chamber and below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank. When the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper (11) can be successively submerged below the liquid surface of the dissolving tank and directly opposite the outlet of the feeding chamber. This allows the material entering the feeding chamber to pass through the outlet of the feeding chamber and the opening of the hopper (11) sequentially under its own gravity, and enter the dissolving tank. The outlet of the feeding chamber is directly opposite the hopper (11); the inlet of the discharge chamber faces upward and is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; the outlet of the discharge chamber is located at the bottom of the discharge chamber and is located above the liquid surface of the dissolving tank; when the annular hopper assembly rotates, the opening of each hopper (11) rises to the liquid surface and can be directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber in sequence, so that the material in the hopper (11) directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber can enter the discharge chamber through the opening of the hopper (11) under its own gravity and be discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber; and, A spraying assembly (22) is installed on the feed assembly and connected to an external spray liquid delivery pipe for spraying spray liquid onto the inner wall of the feed chamber.

2. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding and discharging assembly also includes a front cover plate (15), a rear cover plate (14), and a first partition plate (13), a second partition plate (2), and a third partition plate (12) disposed between the front cover plate (15) and the rear cover plate (14). The first partition plate (13) is disposed on the side near the annular hopper assembly that is ready to enter the dissolving tank. The third partition plate (12) is disposed opposite to the first partition plate (13). The second partition plate (2) is disposed on the upper part between the first partition plate (13) and the third partition plate (12). The lower parts of the front cover plate (15), the rear cover plate (14), the first partition plate (13), the second partition plate (2) and the third partition plate (12) form the feeding chamber. The lower ends of the front cover plate (15), the rear cover plate (14), the first partition plate (13) and the second partition plate (2) form the outlet of the feeding chamber. The inlet of the feeding chamber is opened on the front cover plate (15). The upper parts of the front cover plate (15), the rear cover plate (14), the second partition plate (2), and the third partition plate (12) form the discharge chamber; the upper ends of the front cover plate (15), the rear cover plate (14), the second partition plate (2), and the third partition plate (12) form the inlet of the discharge chamber, and the outlet of the discharge chamber is opened on the front cover plate (15); The spray assembly (22) includes multiple spray pipes, all of which are disposed on the rear cover plate (14) and extend into the feed chamber. The multiple spray pipes are connected to the spray liquid conveying pipe and are used to spray spray liquid onto the lower inner surfaces of the front cover plate (15), the rear cover plate (14), the first partition plate (13), the second partition plate (2) and the third partition plate (12).

3. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 2, characterized in that, At any given time, the number of hoppers (11) directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber is two or more.

4. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding / discharging assembly further includes: A discharge chute (3), the inlet of which is attached to the outlet of the discharge chamber on the front cover plate (15), and the outlet of the discharge chute (3) extends downward; and, The discharge chute (21) is located below the discharge chute (3) on the side away from the front cover plate (15), and is connected to the outlet of the discharge chute (3). The bottom wall and two side walls of the upper end of the discharge chute (21) surround the outside of the discharge chute (3). The material discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber is discharged sequentially through the discharge chute (3) and the discharge channel (21).

5. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feeding / discharging assembly further includes: The feed chute (1) extends into the feed chamber through the feed chamber inlet in a downward oblique direction; and, The feed chute (19) is located above the feed channel (1) on the side away from the front cover plate (15) and is connected to the feed channel (1); The material to be dissolved enters the feeding chamber sequentially through the feeding chute (19) and the feeding channel (1).

6. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes the tank wall (18); The trough wall (18) is arranged opposite to the front cover plate (15); the discharge chute (21) and the feed chute (19) both pass through the trough wall (18) and are fixed on the trough wall (18); two guide seats (17) are provided on the side of the trough wall (18) facing the front cover plate (15), the two guide seats (17) are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, and each guide seat (17) is provided with a vertical guide groove. Both sides of the feed chute (1) are provided with guide posts (16) extending outward horizontally. The two guide posts (16) are respectively inserted into the guide grooves of the two guide seats (17) to realize the positioning and connection between the feed chute (19) and the feed chute (1).

7. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes defoaming components; Along the rotation direction of the annular hopper assembly, the defoaming component is disposed between the outlet of the feed chamber and the inlet of the discharge chamber, and is located directly above the opening of at least one of the hoppers (11) between the outlet of the feed chamber and the inlet of the discharge chamber, for breaking bubbles generated from the hopper (11).

8. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 7, characterized in that, The defoaming component includes: A support plate, the upper end of which is fixed to the upper end of the third partition (12), and the lower end of which is fixed to the lower end of the third partition (12); a gap exists between the support plate and the inlet / outlet assembly, the gap forming a defoaming area; and, A defoaming plate (6) is provided in the defoaming area to break the bubbles generated from the hopper (11); one end of the defoaming plate (6) is fixed on the support plate and the other end is fixed on the third partition (12).

9. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support plate includes: Vertical plate (4), the upper end of which forms the upper end of the support plate; and, A grid plate (20) is located at the bottom of the defoaming assembly. The upper end of the grid plate (20) is connected to the lower end of the vertical plate (4). The lower end of the grid plate (20) forms the lower end of the support plate. The grid plate (20) extends along the inner circle of the annular hopper assembly. The grid plate (20) is provided with multiple defoaming grooves for breaking the bubbles generated from the hopper (11). The number of defoaming horizontal plates (6) is multiple, some of which are fixed on the vertical plate (4) and others are fixed on the grid plate (20).

10. The self-cleaning dissolver according to claim 9, characterized in that, The area of ​​the rear cover plate (14) is larger than the area of ​​the front cover plate (15), and the rear cover plate (14) extends outward from the third partition plate (12) to be flush with the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly; The upper end of the vertical plate (4) is provided with a baffle arc plate (5), which extends downward along the inner ring of the annular bucket assembly, and there is a gap between the lower end of the baffle arc plate (5) and the lower end of the vertical plate (4). The area enclosed by the vertical plate (4), the baffle arc plate (5), and the inner ring of the annular hopper assembly forms a material return zone. The material that enters the material return zone re-enters the opening of the hopper (11) opposite to the material return zone.

11. A particle dissolving device, characterized in that, include: A shearer is used to cut spent fuel assemblies into spent fuel pellets and output them. and, According to any one of claims 1-10, in the self-cleaning dissolver, the spent fuel particles conveyed by the shearer enter the feed chamber through the inlet of the feed chamber of the self-cleaning dissolver and enter the hopper (11) for dissolution under the action of gravity.

12. A method for dissolving particles, characterized in that, Using the self-cleaning dissolver according to any one of claims 1-10, the particulate dissolution method comprises: Drive the annular hopper assembly to rotate so that the opening of one hopper (11) is submerged below the liquid surface of the dissolving pool and directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber of the self-cleaning dissolving device; Spent fuel particles are conveyed into the feed chamber through the inlet of the feed chamber. Under their own gravity, the spent fuel particles pass through the outlet of the feed chamber and the opening of the hopper (11) and enter the hopper (11) directly opposite the outlet of the feed chamber for dissolution. At the same time, the spray assembly (22) is opened to spray spray liquid onto the inner wall of the feed chamber. When the annular hopper assembly rotates, the material in the hopper (11), which is directly opposite the inlet of the discharge chamber of the self-cleaning dissolver, enters the discharge chamber through the opening of the hopper (11) under its own gravity and is discharged from the outlet of the discharge chamber.