A traditional Chinese medicine rhizome medicine pair roller pre-crushing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a roller pre-crushing device for Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials, comprising a support frame, a feeding mechanism, a dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism, multiple sets of orienting mechanisms, a roller pre-crushing mechanism, and a support plate. The feeding mechanism uses staggered baffles within a buffer hopper to block, move, and release elongated medicinal materials; the dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism uses a movable distribution frame and multiple conveying channels and inlets to disperse and guide the materials; the orienting mechanism receives the dispersed materials and adjusts the conveying posture via orienting rollers and a conveyor belt; the roller pre-crushing mechanism completes pre-crushing through the cooperation of a first crushing roller and a floating second crushing roller. This invention can reduce problems such as bridging during feeding, unstable feeding posture, and uneven pre-crushing caused by differences in material size in root and rhizome materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material processing equipment, and particularly relates to a roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal root and rhizome materials. Background Technology

[0002] Rhizomes and stems are common processing targets in the processing, extraction, and subsequent pulverization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces. These herbs are typically characterized by their long length, irregular shape, significant diameter variations, and abundant fibrous tissue. Before entering the fine pulverization or cutting process, they usually require pre-crushing to reduce material size, lower the load on subsequent equipment, and improve the continuity of feeding during later processing. Among existing TCM pre-processing equipment, roller crushers are frequently used in the pre-processing of rhizomes and stems because they can initially crush strip-shaped and block-shaped materials through the squeezing, shearing, or clamping action between the two rollers.

[0003] However, existing roller pre-crushing equipment for rhizomes and medicinal herbs still has certain shortcomings when processing long, irregular, and significantly different-sized herbs. Firstly, materials in the hopper tend to overlap and fall in concentrated groups or form bridging structures, leading to inconsistent subsequent feed volumes and affecting the continuity of the crushing process. Secondly, if the herbs lack effective dispersion and guidance after exiting the hopper, they easily concentrate in a single crushing area, causing localized accumulation or blockage and uneven load distribution among multiple feed channels. Thirdly, if long, strip-shaped herbs are unstable in posture before entering the crushing rollers, they tend to enter the roller gap laterally, obliquely, or in clusters, resulting in uneven crushing force and affecting the pre-crushing effect. Fourthly, the conventional integral roller gap structure has limited adaptability to both coarse and fine-diameter materials in the same batch. The entry of coarser herbs may force an increase in the overall force on the roller gap, while finer herbs may be difficult to hold stably, easily leading to interference between coarse and fine herbs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a roller pre-crushing device for Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials, which solves the problems of easy bridging during feeding, unstable feeding posture, and uneven roller pre-crushing caused by differences in material size.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A roller pre-crushing device for Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials includes a support frame and further comprises: a feeding mechanism installed on the support frame for receiving and discharging long strip-shaped medicinal materials to be pre-crushed; a dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism located below the feeding mechanism, which includes a movable distribution frame that can move relative to the support frame, wherein the movable distribution frame is provided with multiple conveying channels and conveying ports respectively connected to the conveying channels; multiple sets of orientation mechanisms respectively corresponding to the discharge side of the multiple conveying ports, wherein the orientation mechanisms are used to receive the dispersed long strip-shaped medicinal materials and adjust the conveying posture of the long strip-shaped medicinal materials; and a roller pre-crushing mechanism located downstream of the multiple sets of orientation mechanisms, which includes multiple first crushing rollers and multiple sets of movable crushing roller assemblies respectively corresponding to the multiple first crushing rollers, wherein each set of movable crushing roller assemblies includes a second crushing roller; wherein the second crushing roller can float in a direction close to or away from the corresponding first crushing roller and maintain rotation drive during the floating process to cooperate with the corresponding first crushing roller to pre-crush the long strip-shaped medicinal materials.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes: a buffer hopper mounted on the support frame, the top and bottom of the buffer hopper being open, and two feeding shafts rotatably mounted on its bottom; two mounting plates, respectively fixedly connected to the two feeding shafts; multiple stop rods, respectively mounted on opposite sides of the two mounting plates, the stop rods on the two mounting plates being staggered; two first gears, respectively fixedly sleeved on the portions of the two feeding shafts located outside the buffer hopper; a guide rod mounted on the side of the buffer hopper; a translation rack assembly slidably connected to the guide rod and meshing with the two first gears; and a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the side of the buffer hopper, the power output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to the translation rack assembly; wherein, the hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the translation rack assembly to reciprocate along the guide rod, and the translation rack assembly drives the two feeding shafts to rotate in opposite directions through the two first gears, so that the stop rods on the two mounting plates swing towards or in opposite directions within the buffer hopper.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of conveying channels are arranged at intervals along the interior of the movable dispensing frame; a boss is provided between two adjacent conveying channels, the boss being used to guide the elongated medicinal material falling into the movable dispensing frame to the corresponding conveying channel.

[0008] Preferably, the dispersion anti-bridging mechanism further includes: two sliding rods, both fixedly connected to the support frame, and the movable material distribution frame slidably connected to the two sliding rods; multiple connecting plates installed on the side of the movable material distribution frame; multiple lead screws, respectively connected to the ends of the two material feeding shafts; and multiple lead screw nuts, respectively installed through the multiple connecting plates and respectively installed on the multiple lead screws.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the orienting mechanisms is the same as the number of the feeding ports, and each group of orienting mechanisms includes: an orienting frame with a conveyor belt installed at its bottom; and a receiving box installed on the orienting frame with an opening at its top, the opening at the top being directly below the corresponding feeding port.

[0010] Preferably, each set of orientation mechanisms further includes: a protective box, installed on the orientation frame and fixedly connected to the receiving box; two orientation rollers, both rotatably installed inside the receiving box, with one end of each orientation roller extending into the protective box; two orientation rollers, respectively fixedly sleeved on the two orientation rollers; two second gears, respectively installed on the portions of the two orientation rollers located inside the protective box, and the two second gears meshing with each other; and an orientation drive motor, installed inside the protective box, with a drive gear mounted on its power output shaft, the drive gear meshing with any of the second gears.

[0011] Preferably, the orientation mechanism further includes: a flexible height limiting belt, which is installed on the orientation frame and located above the conveyor belt; the orientation drive motor drives the two orientation rollers to rotate in opposite directions through the drive gear and the two second gears to adjust the posture of the long strip-shaped medicinal material entering the receiving box, and the flexible height limiting belt is used to limit the passing height of the long strip-shaped medicinal material on the conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, the roller pre-crushing mechanism further includes: a collection box with an opening on its top surface, on which a first mounting frame and multiple second mounting frames are mounted; a sealing plate fixedly connected to the top surface of the first mounting frame and multiple second mounting frames, on which multiple receiving hoppers are mounted, and the multiple receiving hoppers are respectively arranged corresponding to multiple sets of orientation mechanisms; a first shaft rotatably connected to the first mounting frame, on which multiple first crushing rollers are fixedly sleeved; and a first crushing roller drive motor mounted on the first mounting frame, the power output shaft of the first crushing roller drive motor being connected to the first shaft.

[0013] Preferably, multiple sets of the movable crushing roller assemblies are respectively mounted on multiple second mounting frames. Each set of movable crushing roller assemblies includes: multiple dampers, all mounted inside the second mounting frame; a floating roller frame connected to the multiple dampers; multiple springs connected between the second mounting frame and the floating roller frame; a short shaft rotatably connected to the floating roller frame, passing through the second mounting frame and slidably connected to the second mounting frame; a third gear fixedly sleeved on the portion of the short shaft outside the floating roller frame, with the second crushing roller fixedly sleeved on the short shaft, and the second crushing roller cooperating with the corresponding first crushing roller to form a pre-crushing gap; a rotating shaft slidably connected to the second mounting frame; a fourth gear fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and meshing with the third gear; a first hinge plate, one end of which is hinged to the short shaft and the other end of which is hinged to the rotating shaft; and a second hinge plate, one end of which is hinged to the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the pre-crushing mechanism further includes: a second crushing roller drive motor, mounted on the outermost second mounting bracket; a drive rod, connected to the power output shaft of the second crushing roller drive motor, passing through multiple second mounting brackets and rotatably connected to multiple second mounting brackets; multiple fifth gears, all fixedly sleeved on the drive rod, and respectively meshing with multiple fourth gears; and the other end of multiple second hinge plates is hinged to the drive rod.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention sets two feeding shafts at the bottom of the buffer hopper, and installs mounting plates and staggered baffles on the feeding shafts. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder, the translation rack assembly and the meshing transmission of the first gear enable the two sets of baffles to rotate in opposite directions with the feeding shafts, thereby blocking, pushing and releasing the medicinal materials in the buffer hopper. This achieves intermittent feeding of materials and reduces the accumulation of Chinese herbal root and rhizome medicinal materials that fall into the lower mechanism all at once.

[0016] 2. This invention sets the dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism below the buffer hopper and tilts the movable material distribution frame. The movable material distribution frame has multiple conveying channels, conveying ports, and protrusions located between adjacent conveying channels. Simultaneously, the feeding shaft drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the lead screw nut to drive the movable material distribution frame to reciprocate along the slide rod via the connecting plate. This can disperse and guide the material while receiving it, allowing the material to enter multiple conveying channels and be discharged through the corresponding conveying ports. This reduces the possibility of material accumulating, overlapping, and clogging at the bottom of the buffer hopper and in the feeding area of ​​the movable material distribution frame.

[0017] 3. This invention corresponds the number of orientation mechanisms to the number of feed inlets, and each orientation mechanism is equipped with a receiving box, a conveyor belt, two orientation rollers, and a flexible height limiting belt. The receiving box is used to receive the material discharged from the corresponding feed inlet. The motor drives the two orientation rollers to rotate in opposite directions via the drive gear and the second gear, so that the length direction of the long strip-shaped medicinal material is consistent with the length direction of the orientation frame. At the same time, the flexible height limiting belt restricts the material's passage height, so that the material enters the receiving hopper in a more dispersed and controlled state, which is beneficial to the stable feeding of the subsequent roller pre-crushing mechanism.

[0018] 4. This invention, by setting a first crushing roller and a movable crushing roller assembly in the roller pre-crushing mechanism, enables the second crushing roller to float relative to the first crushing roller through a short shaft, mounting frame, damper, and spring; simultaneously, through the cooperation of the second crushing roller drive motor, drive rod, fifth gear, fourth gear, third gear, and first and second hinge plates, the second crushing roller can maintain transmission meshing and continuous rotation during the floating process, thereby adapting to situations where the diameter of medicinal materials in the same batch varies greatly, and reducing mutual interference between coarse and fine diameter medicinal materials within the same integral roller gap. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the roller pre-crushing device for Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the roller pre-crushing device for Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding mechanism and the dispersion anti-bridging mechanism of the present invention in cooperation. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-bridging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the orienting roller and its driving structure in the orienting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the roller pre-crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the roller pre-crushing mechanism of the present invention after removing part of the outer shell; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable crushing roller assembly of the present invention; Reference numerals: 100, support frame; 101, pallet; 200, unloading mechanism; 201, buffer hopper; 202, unloading shaft; 203, mounting plate; 204, stop bar; 205, first gear; 206, guide rod; 207, translation rack assembly; 208, hydraulic cylinder; 300, anti-bridging mechanism; 301, movable material distribution frame; 3011, conveying channel; 302, conveying port; 303, boss; 304, slide bar; 305, connecting plate; 306, lead screw; 307, lead screw nut; 400, orientation mechanism; 401, orientation frame; 402, conveyor belt; 403, receiving box; 404, protective box; 405, orientation roller shaft; 406, orientation roller; 407, second gear; 408, orientation drive. 409. Drive motor; 410. Drive gear; 500. Flexible height limiting belt; 501. Double roller pre-crushing mechanism; 502. Collection box; 503. First mounting frame; 504. Second mounting frame; 505. Sealing plate; 506. Receiving hopper; 507. First shaft; 508. First crushing roller drive motor; 510. Movable crushing roller assembly; 511. Damper; 512. Floating roller frame; 513. Spring; 514. Short shaft; 5141. Third gear; 515. Second crushing roller; 516. Rotating shaft; 5161. Fourth gear; 517. First hinge plate; 518. Second hinge plate; 521. Second crushing roller drive motor; 522. Drive rod; 523. Fifth gear; 600. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] This invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not to scale. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be noted in the description of this invention that the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a roller pre-crushing device for Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials includes a support frame 100, a feeding mechanism 200, a dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism 300, multiple sets of orienting mechanisms 400, a roller pre-crushing mechanism 500, and a support plate 600. The feeding mechanism 200 is mounted on the support frame 100 and is used to receive and discharge the Chinese herbal root and rhizome materials to be pre-crushed. The dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism 300 is located below the feeding mechanism 200 and is used to receive the material discharged by the feeding mechanism 200 and disperse the material into multiple conveying paths. The multiple sets of orienting mechanisms 400 are located on the discharge side of the dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism 300 and are used to receive the dispersed material and adjust the conveying posture of the long strip-shaped medicinal materials. The roller pre-crushing mechanism 500 is located downstream of the multiple sets of orienting mechanisms 400 and is used to perform roller pre-crushing on the oriented medicinal materials. The support plate 600 is disposed between the support frame 100 and the roller pre-crushing mechanism 500 and is used to support the multiple sets of orienting mechanisms 400.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support plate 101 is provided on the support frame 100. The support plate 101 is located on the side of the support frame 100 near the orienting mechanism 400 and is used to connect with the protective box 404 in the orienting mechanism 400. The support plate 600 is located between the support frame 100 and the roller pre-crushing mechanism 500. The orienting frames 401 in the multiple sets of orienting mechanisms 400 are all fixedly connected to the support plate 600, so that the multiple orienting frames 401 can form corresponding conveying channels between the dispersion anti-bridging mechanism 300 and the roller pre-crushing mechanism 500.

[0026] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the feeding mechanism 200 includes a buffer hopper 201, a feeding shaft 202, a mounting plate 203, a stop bar 204, a first gear 205, a guide rod 206, a translation rack assembly 207, and a hydraulic cylinder 208. The buffer hopper 201 is mounted on the support frame 100. Both the top and bottom of the buffer hopper 201 are open. The top opening of the buffer hopper 201 is used to feed in the medicinal root and rhizome materials to be processed, and the bottom opening of the buffer hopper 201 is used to discharge materials into the dispersion and anti-bridging mechanism 300.

[0027] Two discharge shafts 202 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the buffer hopper 201, and mounting plates 203 are fixedly connected to each of the two discharge shafts 202. Multiple stop bars 204 are mounted on opposite sides of each of the two mounting plates 203, and the stop bars 204 on the two mounting plates 203 are staggered, with all stop bars 204 located inside the buffer hopper 201. First gears 205 are fixedly fitted onto the portions of the two discharge shafts 202 located outside the buffer hopper 201. A guide rod 206 is mounted on the side of the buffer hopper 201. A translation rack assembly 207 is slidably connected to the guide rod 206 and meshes with two first gears 205. The translation rack assembly 207 includes a connecting beam and two rack segments respectively disposed at both ends of the connecting beam. The two rack segments mesh with the opposite sides of the two first gears 205 to drive the two first gears 205 to rotate in opposite directions when the translation rack assembly 207 moves along the guide rod 206. A hydraulic cylinder 208 is mounted on the side of the buffer hopper 201, and the power output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 208 is fixedly connected to the translation rack assembly 207.

[0028] Specifically, when the hydraulic cylinder 208 operates, its power output shaft drives the translation rack assembly 207 to move horizontally along the guide rod 206. The translation rack assembly 207 drives two first gears 205 to rotate, and the two first gears 205 rotate in opposite directions. The two first gears 205 respectively drive the corresponding feeding shaft 202 to rotate, the feeding shaft 202 drives the mounting plate 203 to rotate, and the mounting plate 203 drives multiple stop rods 204 to rotate within the buffer hopper 201. Since the stop rods 204 on the two mounting plates 203 are staggered, when the stop rods 204 rotate, they can block, push, and release the material in the buffer hopper 201. Through the reciprocating extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 208, the material in the buffer hopper 201 can be discharged intermittently, reducing the situation where material falls into the lower mechanism all at once.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the anti-bridging mechanism 300 includes a movable material distribution frame 301, a conveying channel 3011, a conveying port 302, a boss 303, a sliding rod 304, a connecting plate 305, a lead screw 306, and a lead screw nut 307. The movable material distribution frame 301 is located directly below the buffer hopper 201 and is inclined to receive materials discharged from the bottom of the buffer hopper 201. Multiple conveying channels 3011 and multiple conveying ports 302 are provided within the movable material distribution frame 301, each connected to a different conveying channel 3011. A boss 303 is provided between adjacent conveying channels 3011 to separate and guide materials falling into the movable material distribution frame 301, ensuring the materials enter the corresponding conveying channel 3011 and are discharged through the conveying port 302.

[0030] Two sliding rods 304 are installed below the movable material distribution frame 301. Both sliding rods 304 are fixedly connected to the support frame 100, and the movable material distribution frame 301 is slidably connected to the two sliding rods 304. Two connecting plates 305 are installed on both sides of the movable material distribution frame 301. A screw nut 307 is installed through each of the four connecting plates 305. The four screw nuts 307 are respectively installed on four screws 306, and the four screws 306 are respectively connected to the ends of the two feeding shafts 202. When the two feeding shafts 202 rotate in opposite directions, each screw nut 307 drives the movable material distribution frame 301 to move in the same direction through the corresponding connecting plate 305; when the two feeding shafts 202 rotate in opposite directions to reset, each screw nut 307 drives the movable material distribution frame 301 to reset and move in the opposite direction.

[0031] Specifically, when the feeding shaft 202 rotates, it drives the lead screw 306 to rotate. The lead screw 306 drives the lead screw nut 307 to move along the lead screw 306. The lead screw nut 307 drives the movable distribution frame 301 to slide horizontally along the slide rod 304 through the connecting plate 305. When the feeding shaft 202 rotates clockwise and counterclockwise alternately, the movable distribution frame 301 reciprocates along the slide rod 304. The reciprocating movement of the movable distribution frame 301, in conjunction with its inclined setting, disperses the medicinal materials falling into the movable distribution frame 301 into multiple conveying channels 3011, thereby reducing the accumulation or bridging of materials in the feeding area.

[0032] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the number of orienting mechanisms 400 is the same as the number of feeding ports 302. Each set of orienting mechanisms 400 includes an orienting frame 401, a conveyor belt 402, a receiving box 403, a protective box 404, an orienting roller 405, an orienting roller 406, a second gear 407, an orienting drive motor 408, a drive gear 409, and a flexible height limiting belt 410. The orienting frame 401 is fixedly connected to the support plate 600. The conveyor belt 402 is installed at the bottom of the orienting frame 401. The conveyor belt 402 is used to receive and transport medicinal materials. The conveyor belt 402 is a mature existing product. The receiving box 403 is fixedly installed at the feed end of the directional frame 401 and is located above the conveyor belt 402. The bottom of the receiving box 403 is provided with a discharge port corresponding to the conveyor belt 402 so that the medicinal material adjusted by the directional roller 406 falls onto the conveyor belt 402. The opening at the top of the receiving box 403 is located directly below the corresponding feed port 302, and the opening size of the receiving box 403 is larger than the size of the feed port 302 so that the receiving box 403 can catch the material discharged through the feed port 302.

[0033] A protective box 404 is mounted on the directional frame 401, and the protective box 404 is fixedly connected to the receiving box 403 and also fixedly connected to the pallet 101. Two directional rollers 405 are rotatably mounted inside the receiving box 403, and directional rollers 406 are fixedly sleeved on each of the two directional rollers 405. One end of each of the two directional rollers 405 extends into the protective box 404 and is rotatably connected to it. A second gear 407 is mounted on the portion of each of the two directional rollers 405 located inside the protective box 404, and the two second gears 407 are meshed together. A directional drive motor 408 is also mounted inside the protective box 404, and a drive gear 409 is mounted on the power output shaft of the directional drive motor 408, which meshes with either of the second gears 407. A flexible height-limiting belt 410 is also mounted on the directional frame 401, located above the conveyor belt 402, to limit the height of materials passing through. A height restriction gap is formed between the lower edge of the flexible height restriction belt 410 and the bearing surface of the conveyor belt 402. The height restriction gap is greater than the preset passage height of a single medicinal material and less than the passage height of multiple stacked materials. The flexible height restriction belt 410 can be made of rubber, silicone or polyurethane materials to allow single or small amounts of material to pass through flexibly while restricting the stacking of materials.

[0034] Specifically, when the directional drive motor 408 is running, it drives the drive gear 409 to rotate. The drive gear 409 drives the second gear 407 meshing with it to rotate. This second gear 407 drives another second gear 407 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the two directional roller shafts 405 to drive the two directional rollers 406 to rotate in the opposite direction. The two directional rollers 406 rotating in the opposite direction adjust the posture of the long strip-shaped medicinal materials entering the receiving box 403, causing the length direction of the long strip-shaped medicinal materials to tend to be along the length direction of the directional frame 401. The material after posture adjustment falls onto the conveyor belt 402 and is conveyed to the roller pre-crushing mechanism 500 along the conveyor belt 402. The flexible height limiting belt 410 limits the height of the material on the conveyor belt 402, so that the material passes through the directional frame 401 at a limited height, which facilitates the material to enter the subsequent receiving hopper 505 one by one or dispersedly.

[0035] like Figures 9 to 11As shown, the roller pre-crushing mechanism 500 includes a collection box 501, a first mounting frame 502, a second mounting frame 503, a sealing plate 504, a receiving hopper 505, a first shaft 506, a first crushing roller 507, a first crushing roller drive motor 508, a movable crushing roller assembly 510, a second crushing roller drive motor 521, a drive rod 522, and a fifth gear 523. The first mounting frame 502 and multiple second mounting frames 503 are mounted on the top surface of the collection box 501, and an opening is provided on the top surface of the collection box 501. The sealing plate 504 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first mounting frame 502 and multiple second mounting frames 503, and multiple receiving hoppers 505 are mounted on the sealing plate 504. These multiple receiving hoppers 505 are respectively used to receive materials discharged from multiple directional frames 401.

[0036] A first crushing roller drive motor 508 is mounted on the first mounting frame 502. A first shaft 506 is mounted on the power output shaft of the first crushing roller drive motor 508, and the first shaft 506 is rotatably connected to the first mounting frame 502. Multiple first crushing rollers 507 are fixedly sleeved on the portion of the first shaft 506 located inside the first mounting frame 502, and the multiple first crushing rollers 507 are respectively located directly below multiple receiving hoppers 505. When the first crushing roller drive motor 508 is running, the first crushing roller drive motor 508 drives the first shaft 506 to rotate, and the first shaft 506 drives the multiple first crushing rollers 507 to rotate synchronously.

[0037] The pre-crushing mechanism 500 also includes multiple sets of movable crushing roller assemblies 510, which are respectively mounted on multiple second mounting frames 503. Each movable crushing roller assembly 510 includes multiple dampers 511, a floating roller frame 512, a spring 513, a short shaft 514, a third gear 5141, a second crushing roller 515, a rotating shaft 516, a fourth gear 5161, a first hinge plate 517, and a second hinge plate 518. The multiple dampers 511 are all installed in the second mounting frames 503, and the other end of the multiple dampers 511 is connected to the floating roller frame 512. Multiple springs 513 are connected between the second mounting frames 503 and the floating roller frame 512, and the multiple springs 513 are respectively sleeved on the multiple dampers 511. A short shaft 514 is connected through the floating roller frame 512. The short shaft 514 is rotatably connected to the floating roller frame 512. A second crushing roller 515 is fixedly sleeved on the part of the short shaft 514 located inside the floating roller frame 512. The second crushing roller 515 is located directly below the receiving hopper 505 and cooperates with the first crushing roller 507 to pre-crush the material.

[0038] A short shaft 514 passes through and is slidably connected to the second mounting bracket 503. The second mounting bracket 503 has a first guide groove for the short shaft 514 to pass through and move along the floating direction. The short shaft 514 is rotatably connected to the floating roller frame 512 via a bearing. One end of a first hinge plate 517 is sleeved on the portion of the short shaft 514 located outside the floating roller frame 512 via a bearing. A third gear 5141 is fixedly sleeved on the portion of the short shaft 514 located outside the floating roller frame 512. The first hinge plate 517 is also hinged to the portion of the short shaft 514 located outside the floating roller frame 512, and a rotating shaft 516 is hinged to the other end of the first hinge plate 517. The rotating shaft 516 is slidably connected to the second mounting bracket 503. The second mounting bracket 503 is also provided with a second guide groove for the rotating shaft 516 to move. The second guide groove is a strip groove or an arc groove, and its extension direction is adapted to the movement trajectory of the rotating shaft 516 under the constraint of the first hinge plate 517 and the second hinge plate 518. The rotating shaft 516 is connected to the first hinge plate 517 and the second hinge plate 518 through bearings. The second hinge plate 518 is hinged on the rotating shaft 516. A fourth gear 5161 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 516. The fourth gear 5161 is meshed with the third gear 5141.

[0039] The second crushing roller drive motor 521 is mounted on the outermost second mounting bracket 503, and a drive rod 522 is mounted on the power output shaft of the second crushing roller drive motor 521. The drive rod 522 passes through multiple second mounting brackets 503 and is rotatably connected to the second mounting brackets 503. Multiple fifth gears 523 are fixedly sleeved on the drive rod 522, and the multiple fifth gears 523 are respectively meshed with multiple fourth gears 5161. The other end of multiple second hinge plates 518 is hinged to the drive rod 522, and the other end of the second hinge plate 518 is sleeved on the drive rod 522 through a bearing so that the second hinge plate 518 does not rotate synchronously when the drive rod 522 rotates.

[0040] Specifically, when the second crushing roller drive motor 521 is running, it drives the drive rod 522 to rotate. The drive rod 522 drives multiple fifth gears 523 to rotate. The fifth gears 523 drive the corresponding fourth gears 5161 to rotate. The fourth gears 5161 drive the third gear 5141 meshing with them to rotate. The third gear 5141 drives the second crushing roller 515 to rotate via the short shaft 514. Thus, the second crushing roller 515 can cooperate with the first crushing roller 507 to form a pre-crushing action.

[0041] When the diameter of the medicinal material entering between the first crushing roller 507 and the second crushing roller 515 changes, the second crushing roller 515 can move closer to or further away from the first crushing roller 507. When the second crushing roller 515 moves, it drives the short shaft 514 to move, which in turn drives the floating roller frame 512 to move relative to the second mounting frame 503. The damper 511 and spring 513 provide elastic support and buffer for the movement of the floating roller frame 512. When the short shaft 514 moves, it also drives the rotating shaft 516 to move via the first hinge plate 517. The rotating shaft 516 maintains a cooperative relationship with the drive rod 522 via the second hinge plate 518. During the movement of the short shaft 514, the third gear 5141 remains engaged with the fourth gear 5161, and the fourth gear 5161 remains engaged with the fifth gear 523, thus ensuring that the second crushing roller 515 can still obtain rotational driving force even when its position is floating.

[0042] Working principle: In practical use, the medicinal root and rhizome materials to be processed are put into the buffer hopper 201; the hydraulic cylinder 208 is activated, causing the hydraulic cylinder 208 to drive the translation rack assembly 207 to move horizontally back and forth along the guide rod 206. The translation rack assembly 207 drives the two first gears 205 to rotate in opposite directions, the first gears 205 drive the discharge shaft 202 to rotate, and the discharge shaft 202 drives the mounting plate 203 and the stop bar 204 to rotate. The staggered stop bars 204 intermittently block and release the material in the buffer hopper 201, so that the material is intermittently discharged from the bottom opening of the buffer hopper 201.

[0043] After being discharged from the buffer hopper 201, the material falls into the movable distribution frame 301. Simultaneously, the discharge shaft 202 drives the lead screw 306 to rotate, which in turn drives the lead screw nut 307 to move. The lead screw nut 307, through the connecting plate 305, drives the movable distribution frame 301 to reciprocate along the slide bar 304. The material falling into the movable distribution frame 301, under the influence of its inclined design, reciprocating movement, and the guidance of the boss 303, enters multiple conveying channels 3011 and is discharged from multiple conveying ports 302. This process disperses the concentrated falling medicinal material into multiple outputs, reducing the possibility of material accumulation or bridging.

[0044] The material discharged through the feed inlet 302 falls into the corresponding receiving box 403. The directional drive motor 408 drives the drive gear 409 to rotate, and the drive gear 409 drives the two directional roller shafts 405 to rotate in opposite directions through the second gear 407. The two directional roller shafts 405 respectively drive the two directional rollers 406 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0045] Two directional rollers 406 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the directional frame 401, forming a directional gap between the two directional rollers 406 for the passage of elongated medicinal materials. The outer circumferential surface of the directional rollers 406 is provided with annular protrusions arranged at intervals along the axial direction. These annular protrusions are used to apply a pushing and limiting effect to the medicinal materials entering laterally or obliquely. The two directional rollers 406 adjust the posture of the elongated medicinal materials entering the receiving box 403, ensuring that the length direction of the medicinal materials is consistent with the length direction of the directional frame 401. The oriented material falls onto the conveyor belt 402 and is conveyed along the directional frame 401 under the action of the conveyor belt 402. A flexible height-limiting belt 410 restricts the material's passage height, allowing the material to enter the corresponding receiving hopper 505 in a more dispersed state.

[0046] The material enters from the receiving hopper 505 between the first crushing roller 507 and the second crushing roller 515. The first crushing roller drive motor 508 drives the first shaft 506 to rotate, and the first shaft 506 drives the first crushing roller 507 to rotate. The second crushing roller drive motor 521 drives the drive rod 522 to rotate, and the drive rod 522 drives the second crushing roller 515 to rotate via the fifth gear 523, the fourth gear 5161, the third gear 5141, and the short shaft 514. The first crushing roller 507 and the second crushing roller 515 cooperate to clamp and squeeze the medicinal material, performing pre-crushing treatment on the medicinal material.

[0047] When coarser medicinal materials enter between the first crushing roller 507 and the second crushing roller 515, the second crushing roller 515 moves relative to the first crushing roller 507 according to the change in material diameter. The short shaft 514 and the floating roller frame 512 move synchronously, and the damper 511 and the spring 513 buffer and reset this movement process. When the short shaft 514 moves, the first hinge plate 517 drives the rotating shaft 516 to move accordingly, and the second hinge plate 518 keeps the rotating shaft 516 and the drive rod 522 in a coordinated relationship. The third gear 5141, the fourth gear 5161, and the fifth gear 523 remain in a meshed state, so that the second crushing roller 515 can continue to rotate during the floating process. The pre-crushed medicinal materials fall into the collection box 501.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes, comprising a support frame, characterized in that, Also includes: The feeding mechanism, installed on the support frame, is used to receive and discharge pre-crushed long strips of medicinal materials downwards; A distributed anti-bridging mechanism is located below the feeding mechanism. It includes a movable material distribution frame that can move relative to the support frame. The movable material distribution frame is provided with multiple material conveying channels and material conveying ports that are respectively connected to the material conveying channels. Multiple sets of orientation mechanisms are respectively set on the discharge side of multiple feeding ports. The orientation mechanisms are used to receive the dispersed long strips of medicinal materials and adjust the conveying posture of the long strips of medicinal materials. The roller pre-crushing mechanism is located downstream of multiple sets of orientation mechanisms. It includes multiple first crushing rollers and multiple sets of movable crushing roller assemblies respectively corresponding to the multiple first crushing rollers. Each set of movable crushing roller assemblies includes a second crushing roller. The second crushing roller can float in a direction that is close to or far from the corresponding first crushing roller, and maintains rotation drive during the floating process to cooperate with the corresponding first crushing roller to pre-crush the long strip-shaped medicinal materials.

2. The roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes: A buffer hopper is installed on the support frame. The top and bottom of the buffer hopper are open, and two feeding shafts are rotatably installed at the bottom. Two mounting plates are respectively fixedly connected to the two feeding shafts; Multiple stops are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two mounting plates, and the stops on the two mounting plates are staggered. Two first gears are respectively fixedly sleeved on the portions of the two feeding shafts located outside the buffer hopper; A guide rod is installed on the side of the buffer hopper; A translation rack assembly is slidably connected to the guide rod and meshes with the two first gears; A hydraulic cylinder is installed on the side of the buffer hopper, and the power output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the translation rack assembly; The hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the translation rack assembly to reciprocate along the guide rod. The translation rack assembly drives the two feeding shafts to rotate in opposite directions through the two first gears, so that the stop bars on the two mounting plates swing towards or in opposite directions in the buffer hopper.

3. The roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple material conveying channels are arranged at intervals along the interior of the movable material distribution frame; a boss is provided between two adjacent material conveying channels, the boss being used to guide the long strip-shaped medicinal material falling into the movable material distribution frame to the corresponding material conveying channel.

4. The roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The decentralized anti-bridging mechanism also includes: Both sliding rods are fixedly connected to the support frame, and the movable material distribution frame is slidably connected to the two sliding rods; Multiple connecting plates are installed on the side of the movable material distribution frame; Multiple lead screws are connected to the ends of the two feeding shafts, respectively; Multiple lead screw nuts are respectively installed through multiple connecting plates and on multiple lead screws.

5. The roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the orienting mechanisms is the same as the number of the feed inlets, and each group of orienting mechanisms includes: A directional frame with a conveyor belt installed at its bottom; The receiving box is installed on the directional frame, with an opening at the top, and the opening at the top is located directly below the corresponding feeding port.

6. The roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each group of orientation mechanisms also includes: A protective box is installed on the directional frame and fixedly connected to the receiving box; Two directional rollers are rotatably mounted inside the receiving box, and one end of each of the two directional rollers extends into the protective box; Two directional rollers are respectively fixedly sleeved on the two directional roller shafts; Two second gears are respectively installed on the portions of the two directional rollers located inside the protective box, and the two second gears mesh with each other; A directional drive motor is installed inside the protective box, and a drive gear is mounted on its power output shaft. The drive gear meshes with any second gear.

7. A roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orientation mechanism also includes: A flexible height-limiting belt is installed on the directional frame and located above the conveyor belt; The directional drive motor drives the two directional rollers to rotate in opposite directions through the drive gear and the two second gears, so as to adjust the posture of the long strip-shaped medicinal material entering the receiving box. The flexible height limiting belt is used to limit the passing height of the long strip-shaped medicinal material on the conveyor belt.

8. The roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller pre-crushing mechanism further includes: The collection box has an opening on its top surface and a first mounting bracket and multiple second mounting brackets are installed on its top surface; A sealing plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first mounting frame and multiple second mounting frames. Multiple material receiving hoppers are installed on the sealing plate, and the multiple material receiving hoppers are respectively arranged for multiple sets of orientation mechanisms. The first shaft is rotatably connected to the first mounting frame, and a plurality of the first crushing rollers are fixedly sleeved on the first shaft. The first crushing roller drive motor is mounted on the first mounting frame, and the power output shaft of the first crushing roller drive motor is connected to the first shaft.

9. A roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the movable crushing roller assemblies are respectively mounted on multiple second mounting brackets, and each set of the movable crushing roller assembly includes: Multiple dampers are installed in the second mounting bracket; A floating roller frame is connected to multiple of the aforementioned dampers; Multiple springs are connected between the second mounting bracket and the floating roller frame; A short shaft is rotatably connected to the floating roller frame, passes through the second mounting frame, and is slidably connected to the second mounting frame; The third gear is fixedly sleeved on the part of the short shaft located outside the floating roller frame, the second crushing roller is fixedly sleeved on the short shaft, and the second crushing roller cooperates with the corresponding first crushing roller to form a pre-crushing roller gap; The pivot is slidably connected to the second mounting bracket; The fourth gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and meshes with the third gear; The first hinge plate has one end hinged to the short shaft and the other end hinged to the rotating shaft; The second hinge plate has one end hinged to the rotating shaft.

10. A roller pre-crushing device for Chinese medicinal rhizomes according to claim 9, characterized in that, The roller pre-crushing mechanism further includes: The second crushing roller drive motor is mounted on the outermost second mounting bracket; The drive rod is connected to the power output shaft of the second crushing roller drive motor, and passes through multiple second mounting brackets and is rotatably connected to multiple second mounting brackets; Multiple fifth gears are fixedly sleeved on the drive rod and respectively mesh with multiple fourth gears. The other end of multiple second hinge plates is hinged to the drive rod.

Images