A new traditional Chinese medicine crushing device and a crushing method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment and method, belonging to the technical field of pulverizing equipment. It includes a grading bin installed on top of a pulverizer, selectively connected to and isolated from the pulverizer's feed hopper. A sieve plate, moving up and down reciprocally, is installed in the middle section inside the grading bin, tilted downwards near the feed hopper. An inner plate is fixed at the bottom of the grading bin, with an inner hole, and a pressure plate below the inner plate to seal the inner hole. This novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment and method, through the sieve plate and pressure plate structure, achieves dynamic sieving, improving the shortcomings of fixed filter screens that are prone to clogging. Furthermore, the linkage between the sieve plate and pressure plate enables switching between negative pressure on and off in the grading space, allowing for orderly switching between sieving and particle return processes. The return process of coarse medicinal herb particles is not disturbed by negative pressure airflow, ensuring smooth return of coarse materials for secondary crushing and improving processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pulverizing equipment technology, and in particular to a novel pulverizing equipment for Chinese medicinal materials and its pulverizing method. Background Technology

[0002] In the processing of Chinese medicinal materials, it is often necessary to pulverize and refine various root and herbaceous medicinal materials.

[0003] To ensure that the particle size meets production requirements, a negative pressure system is usually set up to extract the powder for grading and sorting. Fine powder that meets the particle size requirements is sent to the collecting cyclone device for sedimentation and collection via the airflow through the conveying pipe. Coarse medicinal material particles that do not meet the fineness requirements fall back to the crushing equipment along the return channel for secondary crushing. The cycle of sorting and crushing is carried out continuously until the particle size of the material meets the production process requirements.

[0004] In existing technologies, fixed filter screens are usually set up to screen and classify fine powders and granules. When processing Chinese medicinal powders continuously, material particles are prone to accumulate and get stuck in the mesh of the filter screen, which prevents qualified fine powder from passing through the filter screen and being discharged outward. This requires manual handling at regular intervals, which reduces crushing efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new type of Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment and pulverizing method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment and pulverizing method to solve the problem of reduced pulverizing efficiency due to manual periodic processing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel Chinese herbal medicine pulverizing device, comprising a grading barrel installed on the top of a pulverizer, the grading barrel being selectively connected to and isolated from the feed hopper of the pulverizer, and a screen plate that moves up and down reciprocally is provided in the middle section inside the grading barrel, the screen plate being inclined and inclined downward on the side closer to the feed hopper. The bottom of the grading tank is fixed with an inner plate, which has an inner hole. A pressure plate is provided below the inner plate to seal the inner hole. When the sieve plate moves up and down, it drives the pressure plate to move. During crushing, the grading barrel is isolated from the feed hopper. The powder drawn from the crusher by the negative pressure system is conveyed upward to the top of the screen plate. The powder falls and is screened and graded by the screen plate. Fine powder passes through the screen plate and is discharged from the bottom of the grading barrel for collection, while particles are trapped and accumulated above the screen plate. The screen plate is controlled to move up and down repeatedly, and the particles automatically gather along the inclined surface of the screen plate. The pressure plate moves up and down synchronously with the screen plate to disturb and buffer the airflow passing through the inner hole. During material return, the screen plate moves upward, causing the pressure plate to adhere to the inner plate and seal the inner hole. The grading barrel and the feed hopper switch to a connected state. The particles collected on the screen plate flow back into the crusher for secondary crushing, and negative pressure accumulates at the bottom of the grading barrel.

[0008] Preferably, a return pipe is installed on the outer wall of the grading barrel, and the return pipe connects the inner cavity of the grading barrel to the feed hopper; The grading barrel has a fixed ring seat inside. The top of the ring seat is inclined and the side near the feed hopper is inclined downward. The screen plate slides against the inner wall of the ring seat. The downward inclined end of the ring seat has a through groove, which is connected to the return main pipe. The particles flow back to the feed hopper through the through groove and the return main pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a cover plate is provided above the through groove, and an elastic telescopic rod is provided between the cover plate and the ring seat. The elastic telescopic rod helps the cover plate to fit against the ring seat and seal the top of the through groove.

[0010] Preferably, a baffle is fixed to the top of the sieve plate, the baffle is attached to the inner wall of the ring seat, and the baffle abuts against the cover plate. The fence has notches, which are distributed correspondingly to the cover plate, and the width of the notches is smaller than the width of the cover plate. When the screen plate moves the enclosure upwards, the top of the enclosure abuts against the bottom of the cover plate, causing the cover plate to move upwards.

[0011] Preferably, a linkage assembly is provided between the screen plate and the pressure plate. The linkage assembly includes a shaft, a slip ring and a spring. The screen plate is detachably installed on the upper half of the shaft, the slip ring is slidably disposed at the bottom end of the shaft, the spring is connected between the slip ring and the lower end of the shaft, and the pressure plate is disposed on the top of the slip ring. When the airflow passes through the inner hole and impacts the pressure plate, the pressure plate slides downward along the shaft, compressing the spring to shrink and buffer the deformation.

[0012] Preferably, the grading barrel is provided with a control component that drives the screen plate to move up and down. The control component includes a lifting rod and an electric push rod. The electric push rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the grading barrel, and the lifting rod slides through the top of the grading barrel. The lifting rod is connected between the telescopic end of the electric push rod and the shaft. The electric push rod drives the shaft and the screen plate to move up and down through the lifting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the slip ring, and a pointed platform is fixed on the top of the pressure plate. The pointed platform surrounds the outside of the shaft, with the tip of the pointed platform facing upwards. A face sheet is fixed on the inclined surface of the top of the pointed platform. When the airflow passes through the inner hole and impacts the pointed platform, the airflow drives the pointed platform and pressure plate to rotate around the shaft through the surface plate.

[0014] Preferably, the faceplate is inclined relative to the axis of the peak, and the angle of inclination between the faceplate surface and the central axis of the peak is 30 to 45°.

[0015] Preferably, a vertical pipe is fixedly inserted through the bottom end of the grading barrel, the top end of the vertical pipe extends to the upper half of the grading barrel, and the sieve plate is slidably disposed on the outside of the vertical pipe.

[0016] This invention also discloses a novel method for pulverizing Chinese medicinal materials, applied to the aforementioned novel Chinese medicinal material pulverizing equipment, comprising the following operating steps: S1. Crushing and feeding: The Chinese medicinal materials to be processed are put into the crusher and crushed. A negative pressure airflow is formed between the crusher and the grading barrel through the negative pressure system. The crushed coarse and fine mixed powder is drawn upward and conveyed to the top of the sieve plate. S2. Dynamic screening: Control the screen plate to shake up and down repeatedly. Fine powder passes through the screen plate and is discharged and collected with the negative pressure airflow. Particles are intercepted and automatically collected along the inclined screen plate. At the same time, the pressure plate moves with the screen plate to disturb and buffer the airflow passing through the inner hole. S3. Automatic material return and pressure storage: control the screen plate to move upward, drive the pressure plate to seal the inner hole, so that the upper part of the grading barrel is freed from the negative pressure suction and connected to the feed hopper. The particles fall back into the crusher by their own weight for secondary crushing. During the sealing of the inner hole, negative pressure accumulates in the lower part of the grading barrel. S4. Negative pressure unblocking circulation: The sieve plate descends and resets, the inner hole reopens, and the accumulated negative pressure forms an instantaneous suction force to unblock the powder channel.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves dynamic screening by setting up structures such as sieve plates and pressure plates, which improves the defect of fixed filter screens that are prone to clogging. Furthermore, by using the linkage action of the sieve plates and pressure plates, the negative pressure on and off of the grading space can be switched, and the screening operation and particle return process can be switched in an orderly manner. The return process of coarse medicinal material particles is not affected by the negative pressure airflow, ensuring that the coarse material is smoothly returned for secondary crushing and improving processing efficiency. The pressure plate moves synchronously with the screen plate to buffer the airflow impact, reduce the noise of the equipment operation, and can accumulate negative pressure during the inner hole blocking stage. When the passage is opened, it relies on instantaneous suction to clear the pipeline, prevent powder deposition and blockage, and reduce the frequency of shutdown for cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main bucket, bucket lid, and conical hopper structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grading bucket and ring seat structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0023] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sieve plate and enclosure structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical tube and sieve plate structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate and elastic telescopic rod structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pointed platform and surface structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Crusher; 101. Feed hopper; 1011. Feeding platform; 1012. Return branch pipe; 2. Grading bin; 201. Main bin; 202. Bin lid; 203. Conical hopper; 3. Ring seat; 301. Through groove; 4. Cover plate; 5. Settling trough; 6. Elastic telescopic rod; 7. Vertical pipe; 8. Screen plate; 801. Through hole; 9. Enclosure; 901. Notch; 10. Shaft; 1001. Limiting protrusion; 1002. Nut; 11. Main return pipe; 12. Inner plate; 13. Inner hole; 14. Pressure plate; 15. Slip ring; 16. Spring; 17. Pointed platform; 18. Surface piece; 19. Lifting rod; 20. Crossbar; 21. Electric push rod; 22. Suction pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 11 The present invention discloses a novel Chinese herbal medicine pulverizing equipment, including a pulverizer 1. The pulverizer 1 is internally equipped with crushing teeth and other structures, and externally equipped with a feed hopper 101 and a feeding platform 1011. The operator can complete the feeding operation through the feeding platform 1011. The raw Chinese herbal medicine to be pulverized is conveyed to the feed hopper 101 through the feeding platform 1011 and fed into the pulverizing chamber of the pulverizer 1 through the feed hopper 101. The Chinese herbal medicine is pulverized by the high-speed rotating crushing teeth.

[0032] To ensure the particle size meets production requirements, a negative pressure system is typically used to extract and classify the powder. Fine powder that meets the particle size requirements is conveyed by airflow through a conveying pipe to a cyclone separator for settling and collection. Coarse medicinal material particles that do not meet the fineness requirements fall back into the feed hopper 101 along the return channel and re-enter the crushing chamber for secondary crushing by the crushing teeth. This cycle of sorting and crushing continues until the particle size meets the production process requirements. In existing technologies, fixed filter screens are typically used to screen and classify fine powder and particles. During continuous processing of medicinal material powder, material particles tend to accumulate and become stuck in the mesh of the filter screen, hindering the normal passage of qualified fine powder through the filter screen and reducing crushing efficiency.

[0033] Therefore, in this invention, a grading barrel 2 is connected to the top of the crusher 1, and the grading barrel 2 is selectively connected to and isolated from the feed hopper 101; a screen plate 8 that moves up and down is provided in the middle section inside the grading barrel 2, the screen plate 8 is inclined, and its side near the feed hopper 101 is inclined downward; an inner plate 12 is fixed at the bottom inside the grading barrel 2, the inner plate 12 has a through inner hole 13, and a pressure plate 14 is provided below the inner plate 12, the outer diameter of the pressure plate 14 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner hole 13, the pressure plate 14 can achieve the sealing and closing of the inner hole 13, the pressure plate 14 is linked with the screen plate 8, and when the screen plate 8 moves up and down, it can drive the pressure plate 14 to move, opening and closing the inner hole 13.

[0034] The actual working conditions are as follows: The powder drawn from the pulverizing chamber of the pulverizer 1 by the negative pressure system is conveyed upward to the top of the sieve plate 8, where it is screened and graded. Fine powder that meets the particle size requirements passes through the sieve plate 8 and is discharged from the bottom of the grading barrel 2 for collection, while coarse medicinal material particles that do not meet the fineness requirements are trapped and accumulated above the sieve plate 8.

[0035] The screen plate 8 is controlled to move up and down repeatedly, producing a shaking effect. During this stage, the grading bucket 2 is isolated from the feed hopper 101. Under the shaking action of the screen plate 8, the particles continuously gather towards the downward inclined side of the screen plate 8 near the feed hopper 101, achieving an automatic collection effect. This ensures that most areas of the screen plate 8 remain transparent, preventing particles from covering a large area of ​​the screen surface and hindering the penetration of fine powder. At this time, the pressure plate 14 is far away from the inner hole 13. The pressure plate 14 moves up and down synchronously with the screen plate 8, which can play a role in turbulence and buffering of the airflow passing through the inner hole 13, weakening the impact intensity of the airflow, and reducing the operating noise of the equipment to a certain extent.

[0036] A set amount of particles is set on the sieve plate 8. When the set amount of particles is reached, the sieve plate 8 moves upward as a whole, and the pressure plate 14 moves upward simultaneously to fit against the lower surface of the inner plate 12, sealing the inner hole 13. The area above the inner plate 12 in the grading barrel 2 loses the suction effect of the negative pressure system. At the same time, the grading barrel 2 and the feed hopper 101 switch to the connected state, and the particles accumulated on the sieve plate 8 flow back into the crushing chamber for secondary crushing. The particle return is not affected by the negative pressure airflow.

[0037] In addition, during the period when the inner hole 13 is blocked, the negative pressure system continuously draws suction from the space below the inner plate 12, causing negative pressure to gradually accumulate in the grading barrel 2 located below the inner plate 12; when the sieve plate 8 moves downward and resets, the moment the inner hole 13 opens, the accumulated negative pressure forms an instantaneous strong suction force, clearing the powder channel and preventing powder deposition and blockage in the powder conveying pipeline from the pulverizer 1 to the grading barrel 2.

[0038] In summary, this invention achieves dynamic screening by setting up structures such as the sieve plate 8 and the pressure plate 14, solving the problem of easy material blockage in fixed filter screens. Furthermore, by using the linkage action of the sieve plate 8 and the pressure plate 14, the negative pressure on and off of the grading space can be switched, and the screening operation and particle return process can be switched in an orderly manner. The return process of coarse medicinal material particles is not affected by the negative pressure airflow, ensuring smooth return of coarse material for secondary crushing and improving processing efficiency.

[0039] Meanwhile, the pressure plate 14 moves synchronously with the sieve plate 8 to buffer the airflow impact, reduce the noise of the equipment operation, and can accumulate negative pressure during the sealing stage of the inner hole 13. When the passage is opened, it relies on instantaneous suction to clear the pipeline, prevent powder deposition and blockage, and reduce the frequency of shutdown for cleaning.

[0040] It should be noted that the mesh size of sieve plate 8 can be flexibly changed and adjusted according to the type of Chinese medicinal materials and the production requirements of finished product particle size. Different specifications such as 60 mesh, 80 mesh, 100 mesh, and 120 mesh can be selected to adapt to the crushing and processing needs of different medicinal materials.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the grading tank 2 includes a main tank 201 and a conical hopper 203. The conical hopper 203 is connected to the bottom end of the main tank 201, with the tip of the conical hopper 203 facing downwards. The inner plate 12 is fixed to the inner wall of the conical hopper 203. A tank cover 202 is snapped onto the main tank 201. The main tank 201 and the tank cover 202 cooperate to form a cylindrical structure. When it is necessary to replace the sieve plate 8 or other structures, the tank cover 202 can be removed, and the sieve plate 8 can be taken out directly from the opening of the main tank 201 to complete the disassembly and replacement work. At the same time, it is also convenient for operators to enter the grading tank 2 to carry out maintenance and observe the operating status of the internal components.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 8As shown, a return material main pipe 11 is fixedly installed at the top of the outer wall of the cone hopper 203. The top of the return material main pipe 11 is connected to the inner cavity of the cone hopper 203. The bottom of the return material main pipe 11 is connected to a return material branch pipe 1012. The bottom of the return material branch pipe 1012 is connected to the feed hopper 101. A ring seat 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main barrel 201. The top of the ring seat 3 is inclined and its side near the feed hopper 101 is inclined downward. The screen plate 8 is axially slidably attached to the inner wall of the ring seat 3. A through groove 301 is opened through the downward inclined end of the ring seat 3. The through groove 301 is connected to the return material main pipe 11. Particles can flow back to the feed hopper 101 through the through groove 301, the return material main pipe 11, and the return material branch pipe 1012.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, a cover plate 4 is provided above the through groove 301, and a sink 5 is provided on the top of the ring seat 3. An elastic telescopic rod 6 is fixedly installed inside the sink 5, and the cover plate 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the elastic telescopic rod 6. When no other external force is applied, the elastic support force of the elastic telescopic rod 6 causes the cover plate 4 to fit against the top of the ring seat 3, sealing the top of the through groove 301. At this time, the through groove 301, the return main pipe 11, and the return branch pipe 1012 are not affected by negative pressure suction.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, a baffle 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the sieve plate 8. The baffle 9 fits against the inner wall of the ring seat 3 and abuts against the cover plate 4. When particles are trapped and accumulated above the sieve plate 8, the baffle 9 and the inner wall of the ring seat 3 cooperate to form an enclosed space to prevent particles from flowing downwards. The baffle 9 is provided with a notch 901, which is distributed correspondingly to the cover plate 4. The width of the notch 901 is smaller than the width of the cover plate 4, and the width of the notch 901 is larger than the width of the through groove 301. The baffle 9 is made of high-strength stainless steel, etc. Made of high-strength material, it has good wear resistance and impact resistance. When the screen plate 8 moves the enclosure 9 upward, the top of the enclosure 9 abuts against the bottom of the cover plate 4, causing the cover plate 4 to move upward. The elastic telescopic rod 6 extends accordingly. At this time, the top of the through groove 301 on the ring seat 3 is opened, and the notch 901 is aligned with the through groove 301. The particles accumulated above the screen plate 8 enter the through groove 301 through the notch 901 and slide downward by their own weight, eventually flowing back to the feed hopper 101 and being sent to the crusher 1 to complete the secondary crushing.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a linkage assembly is provided between the sieve plate 8 and the pressure plate 14 to realize the synchronous linkage and buffering and unloading functions of the sieve plate 8 and the pressure plate 14. The linkage assembly includes a shaft 10, a slip ring 15 and a spring 16. The sieve plate 8 is detachably installed on the upper half of the shaft 10. The slip ring 15 is slidably disposed at the bottom end of the shaft 10. The spring 16 is fitted on the outside of the shaft 10. The top end of the spring 16 is fixed on the slip ring 15 and the bottom end of the spring 16 is fixed to the lower end of the shaft 10. The pressure plate 14 is disposed on the top of the slip ring 15 and surrounds the outside of the shaft 10. The elastic support force of the spring 16 is appropriate, and the structure such as the pressure plate 14 will not shake arbitrarily.

[0046] During equipment operation, when airflow passes through the inner hole 13 and impacts the pressure plate 14, the airflow impact force drives the pressure plate 14 to slide slightly downward along the shaft 10, compressing the spring 16 to contract and deform. The elastic deformation of the spring 16 helps to unload and buffer the airflow impact force, offsetting the vibration and noise caused by the airflow impact. This prevents the rigid structures such as the pressure plate 14 and shaft 10 from being subjected to long-term airflow impact, resulting in wear, loosening, and abnormal noise, thus improving the equipment's operational stability and service life.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 As shown, to facilitate the assembly of the screen plate 8 and the shaft 10, the screen plate 8 has a through hole 801 for the shaft 10 to pass through. The shaft 10 is provided with a limiting protrusion 1001, and a nut 1002 is threadedly connected to the top of the shaft 10. During installation, the shaft 10 is passed through the through hole 801 from bottom to top, so that the limiting protrusion 1001 abuts against the bottom of the screen plate 8. The nut 1002 is then tightened onto the threaded section at the top of the shaft 10. The nut 1002 and the limiting protrusion 1001 cooperate to clamp the screen plate 8 from both the top and bottom, thus fixing the screen plate 8. When disassembling and replacing the screen plate 8, simply unscrew the nut 1002 to remove the screen plate 8 from the shaft 10. The disassembly and assembly operation is simple and quick, making it convenient to replace screen plates 8 with different mesh sizes according to processing requirements.

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 4As shown, the main drum 201 is equipped with a control component that drives the screen plate 8 and other structures to move up and down. The control component includes a lifting rod 19, a crossbar 20, and an electric push rod 21. The lifting rod 19 slides through the top of the main drum 201, and the bottom end of the lifting rod 19 is detachably fixed to the top of the shaft 10. The crossbar 20 is fixed to the top of the lifting rod 19. The electric push rod 21 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main drum 201, and the crossbar 20 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 21. The electric push rod 21 drives the shaft 10 to move up and down through the crossbar 20 and the lifting rod 19, thereby driving the screen plate 8, pressure plate 14, and other structures to move up and down. In actual use, a pin or other structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the bottom end of the lifting rod 19 and the top end of the shaft 10 to prevent the lifting rod 19 from slipping relative to the shaft 10. The operator can adjust the telescopic stroke and reciprocating frequency of the electric push rod 21 according to the actual production conditions such as the type of raw materials and the material accumulation rate, and flexibly control the lifting amplitude and shaking frequency of the screen plate 8.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a vertical pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the cone hopper 203, with the top end of the vertical pipe 7 extending into the interior of the main barrel 201. The inner plate 12 has a groove for the vertical pipe 7 to pass through. The screen plate 8 is slidably disposed on the outside of the vertical pipe 7, with rubber rings and other structures at the contact position to reduce wear, ensure sealing, and rely on the vertical pipe 7 for lifting and guiding, ensuring stable operation of the screen plate 8 without deviation. The bottom end of the vertical pipe 7 is connected to the crushing chamber of the crusher 1. The bottom end of the cone hopper 203 is connected to a suction pipe 22. The end of the suction pipe 22 away from the cone hopper 203 is connected to a cyclone separator, a negative pressure suction system, etc. The negative pressure system includes a negative pressure fan and other structures. When the negative pressure system is running, a negative pressure airflow channel is formed between the suction pipe 22, the cone hopper 203, the vertical pipe 7 and the crushing chamber of the crusher 1. The coarse and fine mixed powders crushed inside the crusher 1 are stably conveyed upward along the vertical pipe 7 to the top of the screen plate 8. The cyclone separator, the negative pressure suction system, etc. are all existing common technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] The actual operation is as follows: During the crushing operation, the elastic telescopic rod 6 is in its normal state, so that the cover plate 4 fits tightly against the top of the ring seat 3, sealing the top of the through groove 301. At this time, the through groove 301, the return main pipe 11, and the return branch pipe 1012 are not affected by negative pressure suction.

[0051] After the equipment is started, the negative pressure system operates, forming a negative pressure airflow channel between the suction pipe 22, the cone hopper 203, the vertical pipe 7 and the pulverizing chamber of the pulverizer 1. The coarse and fine mixed powders pulverized inside the pulverizer 1 are stably conveyed upward along the vertical pipe 7 to the sieve plate 8 inside the grading barrel 2 under the traction of the negative pressure airflow. After the mixed powders fall, they are screened and graded by the sieve plate 8. Among them, the fine powders that meet the particle size requirements pass through the sieve plate 8 and are discharged from the bottom of the grading barrel 2 and the suction pipe 22 for collection, while the coarse medicinal material particles that do not meet the fineness requirements are trapped and accumulated above the sieve plate 8.

[0052] During the screening process, the telescopic end of the control electric push rod 21 reciprocates, switching between extension and retraction. This drives the shaft 10 to move up and down slightly via the crossbar 20 and lifting rod 19, which in turn causes the screen plate 8 to vibrate up and down. Under this vibration, particles converge towards the downward-sloping side of the screen plate 8 near the feed hopper 101, achieving automatic collection and ensuring that most of the screen plate 8 remains transparent. Simultaneously, the pressure plate 14 is separated from the inner hole 13. The pressure plate 14 moves up and down synchronously with the screen plate 8, turbulently buffering the airflow passing through the inner hole 13, weakening the airflow impact intensity, and effectively reducing equipment operating noise. In addition, the airflow impact force drives the pressure plate 14 to slide down slightly along the shaft 10, compressing the spring 16 and causing it to contract and deform. The elastic deformation of the spring 16 helps to unload and buffer the airflow impact force, offsetting the vibration and noise caused by the airflow impact.

[0053] When the amount of particles accumulated on the screen plate 8 reaches the set amount, the electric push rod 21 controls the shaft 10 to move upward through the crossbar 20 and the lifting rod 19, so that the screen plate 8 moves upward as a whole; the top of the enclosure 9 abuts against the bottom of the cover plate 4, causing the cover plate 4 to move upward, and the elastic telescopic rod 6 extends accordingly. At this time, the top of the through groove 301 on the ring seat 3 is opened, and the notch 901 is aligned with the through groove 301. The particles accumulated above the screen plate 8 enter the through groove 301 through the notch 901 and slide downward by their own weight, and finally flow back to the feed hopper 101 and are sent to the crusher 1 to complete the secondary crushing; at this stage, the pressure plate 14 moves upward synchronously and fits against the lower surface of the inner plate 12, sealing the inner hole 13. The area above the inner plate 12 in the grading barrel 2 loses the suction effect of the negative pressure system, eliminating the interference of the negative pressure airflow on the return flow of the particles by their own weight.

[0054] During the period when the inner hole 13 is blocked, the negative pressure system continuously evacuates the space below the inner plate 12, causing negative pressure to gradually accumulate in the grading barrel 2 located below the inner plate 12. At the same time, by utilizing the reserved swing gap between the bottom end of the shaft 10 and the spring 16, when the pressure plate 14 is attached to the lower surface of the inner plate 12, the screen plate 8 can be controlled to swing up and down slightly, assisting the screen plate 8 to vibrate slightly, further accelerating the sliding speed of residual particles on the screen surface and improving the return efficiency.

[0055] After the reflux is completed, the electric push rod 21 drives the screen plate 8 to move downward, releasing the blockage of the inner hole 13. At the moment the inner hole 13 opens, the accumulated negative pressure forms an instantaneous strong suction force, clearing the powder channel and effectively preventing powder deposition and blockage in the powder conveying pipeline from the crusher 1 to the classifying barrel 2, ensuring the long-term continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0056] By setting up linkage components and other structures, the opening of the through groove 301 and the blocking of the inner hole 13 are realized simultaneously by moving the sieve plate 8 upward. The screening mode and the particle return mode are automatically and orderly switched, making the operation convenient.

[0057] In addition, the spring 16 and other structures are set up to buffer the impact of the airflow and offset the vibration and noise caused by the airflow impact. On the other hand, they provide a margin for movement for the small vibration of the screen plate 8 during the return stage, and work together to accelerate the collection and sliding of particles to ensure processing efficiency.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 11 As shown, the pressure plate 14 is rotatably mounted on top of the slip ring 15. A ball bearing or similar structure (not shown) is provided at the rotatable contact point between the pressure plate 14 and the slip ring 15 to reduce friction between them. A pointed platform 17 is fixed to the top of the pressure plate 14, surrounding the outside of the shaft 10, with its tip pointing upwards. Multiple face plates 18 are fixed to the inclined surface of the top of the pointed platform 17, evenly distributed around its axis. The face plates 18 are inclined relative to the axis of the pointed platform 17, with an angle of inclination between the face plate 18 and the central axis of the pointed platform 17. 30~45°; When the airflow passes through the inner hole 13 and impacts the tip 17, the airflow will act on the inclined surface 18, causing the tip 17 and pressure plate 14 to rotate around the shaft 10. The rotating surface 18 can cut, split and guide the airflow, effectively weakening the impact intensity of the airflow and eliminating the howling and vibration caused by the turbulent airflow. At the same time, in conjunction with the elastic extension and stress relief effect of the bottom spring 16, a dual protection effect of rotational flow guidance and noise reduction and elastic buffering and shock absorption is formed, reducing the operating noise of the equipment, alleviating the rigid impact of the airflow on the suction pipe 22 and other structures, and improving the overall operating stability and service life of the equipment.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the electric push rod 21 is a DTZ type electric push rod, which is connected to the factory power supply and controlled by an automatic control system. The control system includes a material accumulation sensor, a controller, a drive module, a touch operation terminal, etc. The material accumulation sensor monitors the amount of coarse particles accumulated above the screen plate 8 in real time. The controller receives the feedback signal from the sensor and sends instructions to the drive module according to the preset program to control the electric push rod 21 to reciprocate and extend, thereby switching between screening mode and particle return mode. The automatic control system is a common existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this invention also discloses a novel method for pulverizing Chinese medicinal materials, applied to the aforementioned novel Chinese medicinal material pulverizing equipment, comprising the following operating steps: S1. Crushing and feeding: The Chinese medicinal materials to be processed are put into the crusher 1 for crushing. The negative pressure system forms a negative pressure airflow between the crusher 1 and the grading barrel 2, which draws the crushed coarse and fine mixed powder upward and conveys it to the screen plate 8, realizing continuous powder conveying and providing a material basis for grading and sorting. S2. Dynamic sieving: Control the screen plate 8 to shake up and down repeatedly. Fine powder passes through the screen plate 8 and is discharged and collected with the negative pressure airflow. Particles are intercepted and automatically collected along the inclined screen plate 8. At the same time, the pressure plate 14 moves with the screen plate 8 to disturb and buffer the airflow passing through the inner hole 13. Dynamic shaking avoids the screen plate 8 from clogging the hole, and simultaneously realizes particle collection and airflow noise reduction and buffering. S3. Automatic material return and pressure storage: control the screen plate 8 to move upward, drive the pressure plate 14 to block the inner hole 13, so that the upper part of the grading barrel 2 is freed from the negative pressure suction and connected to the feed hopper 101. The particles fall back into the crusher 1 by their own weight for secondary crushing. During the blocking of the inner hole 13, the lower part of the grading barrel 2 accumulates negative pressure, cuts off the upper negative pressure, eliminates the obstruction of airflow to particle return, and completes negative pressure storage at the same time. S4. Negative pressure unblocking circulation: The sieve plate 8 descends and resets, the inner hole 13 reopens, the accumulated negative pressure forms an instantaneous suction force to unblock the powder channel, and the stored negative pressure is used to clean the accumulated material in the pipeline, ensuring the continuous circulation and processing operation of the equipment.

Claims

1. A novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing device, comprising a grading bin (2) installed on top of a pulverizer (1), wherein the grading bin (2) is selectively connected to and isolated from the feed hopper (101) of the pulverizer (1), characterized in that: The middle section inside the grading bucket (2) is provided with a screen plate (8) that moves up and down. The screen plate (8) is inclined and its side near the feed hopper (101) is inclined downward. The bottom of the grading barrel (2) is fixed with an inner plate (12), the inner plate (12) has an inner hole (13), and a pressure plate (14) is provided below the inner plate (12) to block the inner hole (13). When the sieve plate (8) moves up and down, it drives the pressure plate (14) to move. During crushing, the grading bucket (2) is isolated from the feed hopper (101). The powder drawn from the crusher (1) by the negative pressure system is conveyed upward to the top of the sieve plate (8). The powder falls and is screened and graded by the sieve plate (8). Fine powder passes through the sieve plate (8) and is discharged from the bottom of the grading bucket (2) for collection. Particles are trapped and accumulated above the sieve plate (8). The sieve plate (8) is controlled to move up and down repeatedly. Particles automatically gather along the inclined surface of the sieve plate (8). The pressure plate (14) moves up and down synchronously with the sieve plate (8) to disturb and buffer the airflow passing through the inner hole (13). When the material is returned, the screen plate (8) moves upward, causing the pressure plate (14) to fit against the inner plate (12) to block the inner hole (13), and the grading barrel (2) and the feed hopper (101) switch to the connected state. The particles collected on the screen plate (8) flow back to the crusher (1) for secondary crushing, and negative pressure accumulates at the bottom of the grading barrel (2).

2. The novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the grading barrel (2) is equipped with a return pipe (11), which connects the inner cavity of the grading barrel (2) with the feed hopper (101). The grading bucket (2) has a ring seat (3) fixed inside. The top of the ring seat (3) is inclined and its side near the feed hopper (101) is inclined downward. The screen plate (8) slides against the inner wall of the ring seat (3). The downward inclined end of the ring seat (3) is provided with a through groove (301). The through groove (301) is connected to the return pipe (11). The particles flow back to the feed hopper (101) through the through groove (301) and the return pipe (11).

3. The novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cover plate (4) is provided above the through groove (301), and an elastic telescopic rod (6) is provided between the cover plate (4) and the ring seat (3). The elastic telescopic rod (6) assists the cover plate (4) to fit against the ring seat (3) and seal the top of the through groove (301).

4. The novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the sieve plate (8) is fixed with a baffle (9), which is attached to the inner wall of the ring seat (3) and abuts against the cover plate (4). The enclosure (9) is provided with a notch (901), the notch (901) is distributed correspondingly to the cover plate (4), and the width of the notch (901) is smaller than the width of the cover plate (4); When the screen plate (8) moves the enclosure (9) upward, the top of the enclosure (9) abuts against the bottom of the cover plate (4), causing the cover plate (4) to move upward.

5. The novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linkage assembly is provided between the sieve plate (8) and the pressure plate (14). The linkage assembly includes a shaft (10), a slip ring (15), and a spring (16). The sieve plate (8) is detachably installed on the upper half of the shaft (10). The slip ring (15) is slidably disposed at the bottom end of the shaft (10). The spring (16) is connected between the slip ring (15) and the lower end of the shaft (10). The pressure plate (14) is disposed on the top of the slip ring (15). When the airflow passes through the inner hole (13) and impacts the pressure plate (14), the pressure plate (14) is driven to slide downward along the shaft (10), squeezing the spring (16) to contract and deform for buffering.

6. The novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grading barrel (2) is equipped with a control component that drives the screen plate (8) to move up and down. The control component includes a lifting rod (19) and an electric push rod (21). The electric push rod (21) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the grading barrel (2). The lifting rod (19) slides through the top of the grading barrel (2). The lifting rod (19) is connected between the telescopic end of the electric push rod (21) and the shaft (10). The electric push rod (21) drives the shaft (10) and the screen plate (8) to move up and down through the lifting rod (19).

7. A novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure plate (14) is rotatably mounted on the top of the slip ring (15). A pointed platform (17) is fixed on the top of the pressure plate (14). The pointed platform (17) surrounds the outside of the shaft (10). The tip of the pointed platform (17) is arranged facing upwards. A face piece (18) is fixed on the top inclined surface of the pointed platform (17). When the airflow passes through the inner hole (13) and impacts the tip (17), the airflow drives the tip (17) and pressure plate (14) to rotate around the shaft (10) via the surface plate (18).

8. A novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The faceplate (18) is inclined relative to the axis of the platform (17), and the angle between the faceplate (18) and the central axis of the platform (17) is 30 to 45°.

9. A novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical pipe (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the grading barrel (2), and the top of the vertical pipe (7) extends to the upper half of the grading barrel (2). The sieve plate (8) is slidably disposed on the outside of the vertical pipe (7).

10. A novel method for pulverizing Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that: The novel Chinese medicinal herb pulverizing equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following operating steps: S1. Crushing and feeding: The Chinese medicinal materials to be processed are put into the crusher (1) for crushing. A negative pressure airflow is formed between the crusher (1) and the grading barrel (2) through the negative pressure system. The crushed coarse and fine mixed powder is drawn upward and conveyed to the top of the sieve plate (8). S2, Dynamic sieving: Control the screen plate (8) to shake up and down repeatedly. Fine powder passes through the screen plate (8) and is discharged and collected with the negative pressure airflow. Particles are intercepted and automatically collected along the inclined screen plate (8). At the same time, the pressure plate (14) moves with the screen plate (8) to disturb and buffer the airflow passing through the inner hole (13). S3. Automatic material return and pressure storage, control the screen plate (8) to move upward, drive the pressure plate (14) to block the inner hole (13), so that the upper part of the grading barrel (2) is freed from the negative pressure suction and connected to the feed hopper (101). The particles fall back into the crusher (1) by their own weight for secondary crushing. During the blocking of the inner hole (13), the lower part of the grading barrel (2) accumulates negative pressure. S4, Negative pressure circulation: The sieve plate (8) descends and resets, the inner hole (13) reopens, and the accumulated negative pressure forms an instantaneous suction force to unclog the powder channel.

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