A new energy vehicle aluminum alloy body covering low springback servo stamping device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of stamping equipment technology, and more particularly to a low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles. Its technical solution includes a main structure, an anti-springback structure, a demolding structure, a heat dissipation structure, and a drive structure. The main structure includes a base, a mounting bracket, a die, and a support frame. The anti-springback structure includes a pressure rod. The drive structure includes a servo motor, with output shaft one and output shaft two at its two output ends. The demolding structure includes a push rod and an inner die. The heat dissipation structure is driven by the drive structure to dissipate heat from the protective box. This invention employs an array multi-point synchronous stamping structure, uniformly applying pressure to the aluminum sheet to effectively suppress springback and improve the forming accuracy of the body panel. The motor-linked heat dissipation mechanism provides synchronous cooling and dust prevention, stabilizing equipment operation. Hydraulic damping for slow demolding avoids workpiece collision and deformation, overall improving the production yield of aluminum exterior parts and extending equipment lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy stamping technology, and in particular to a low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The car doors, hood, fenders, tailgate and other outer sheet metal parts are all aluminum alloy body panels for new energy vehicles. At the same time, a large number of core load-bearing components such as the chassis bracket, electric drive housing and lightweight load-bearing support use aluminum alloy precision forgings. Both use aluminum alloy as the base material to replace traditional steel plates to achieve lightweight body. Aluminum weighs only one-third of steel, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the whole vehicle, improves the range of electric vehicles, and has excellent rust resistance and outstanding collision energy absorption effect. The body panels can achieve complex curved surface shapes, and the precision forgings have dense grains and higher mechanical strength, which meet the load-bearing requirements of the body structure.

[0003] Aluminum alloys have a low modulus of elasticity, making them prone to springback after stamping and subsequent force release. This springback can cause part shape deviations, and if the springback is excessive, the part dimensions and curvature will not meet standards, resulting in uneven gaps and assembly difficulties during vehicle assembly, ultimately leading to the scrapping of a large number of parts. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing a low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles, comprising a main structure, an anti-springback structure, a demolding structure, a heat dissipation structure, and a drive structure. The main structure includes a base, a mounting frame, a die, and a support frame. The support frame is suspended above the base, and the die moves longitudinally above the support frame. The mounting frame is fixed to the upper end of the base, and a protective box is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the mounting frame.

[0006] The anti-rebound structure includes a pressure bar, the lower end of which is connected to the pressure mold and is distributed in a rectangular array and longitudinally slidably installed inside the lower end of the protective box. The pressure mold enables multiple points to be simultaneously subjected to force to stamp the aluminum alloy body panel of the new energy vehicle.

[0007] The drive structure includes a servo motor, and the two output ends of the servo motor are provided with an output shaft one and an output shaft two. A drive shaft is provided below the output shaft one, and driven shafts are provided below the drive shaft at equal intervals.

[0008] The demolding structure includes an ejector rod and an inner mold. The ejector rod is longitudinally slidably installed inside the support frame and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the inner mold.

[0009] The heat dissipation structure is driven by a drive structure to dissipate heat from the protective box.

[0010] Preferably, guide posts are provided at the four corners of the upper end of the base, and guide sleeves that slide longitudinally on the outer wall of the guide posts are provided at the four corners of the mold.

[0011] Preferably, a sliding sleeve arranged in a rectangular array is embedded inside the lower end of the protective box, the pressure rod is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve, a support ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper end of the pressure rod, and a compression spring sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod is provided between the support ring and the inner wall of the lower end of the protective box.

[0012] Preferably, the protective box has ventilation windows at both ends, and the protective box and the outer wall have an assembly groove that communicates with the ventilation windows. A filter screen is installed inside the assembly groove.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the pressure rod is provided with a rotating seat, and a ball bearing is rotatably installed inside the upper end of the rotating seat. The outer wall of the driven shaft is sleeved with cams that are evenly distributed and whose outer walls are in contact with the ball bearings. The outer diameter of the cam gradually increases in radius along a circular trajectory toward the next side.

[0014] Preferably, a gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft 2, a gear 2 with a greater number of teeth than gear 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft, a conical wheel 1 with equidistant distributions is sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft, and a conical wheel 2 that meshes with the conical wheel 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the heat dissipation structure further includes a heat dissipation shaft and a bearing bracket, wherein the bearing bracket is symmetrically distributed and fixed on the upper inner wall of the protective box, and the heat dissipation shaft is rotatably installed inside the bearing bracket.

[0016] Preferably, a drive wheel is sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft, a driven wheel with a radius smaller than that of the drive wheel is sleeved on the outer wall of the heat dissipation shaft, a drive belt is sleeved on the outer walls of both the drive wheel and the driven wheel, and fan blades arranged in a ring array are sleeved on the outer wall of the heat dissipation shaft.

[0017] Preferably, a second sliding sleeve for longitudinal sliding support of the push rod is embedded inside the bearing frame, a stopper rod is provided at the lower end of the push rod, an oil cylinder filled with hydraulic oil is sleeved on the outside of the stopper rod, a second support ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the oil cylinder, and a piston is slidably installed inside the oil cylinder at the lower end of the stopper rod.

[0018] Preferably, the piston has symmetrically distributed oil holes inside, a sealing ring for sliding sealing support of the piston rod is embedded in the inner wall of the upper end of the oil cylinder, and a compression spring is provided between the second support ring and the lower end of the protective box, which is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod and the oil cylinder.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention relates to a rectangular array multi-point pressure bar anti-springback structure. A servo motor, combined with a cam mechanism, drives multiple pressure bars to press down synchronously. The die applies pressure evenly to the aluminum alloy sheet at multiple points, avoiding insufficient local force and fully promoting plastic deformation of the aluminum sheet. This significantly suppresses springback during stamping of aluminum alloy cover parts, improves surface and dimensional accuracy, and reduces part scrap and manual rework.

[0021] The integrated synchronous heat dissipation structure, the dual output shaft of the servo motor linked with the fan, the stamping synchronous heat dissipation, the filter screen to block dust, the continuous cooling of the servo drive components, the stable operating temperature of the equipment, the extension of the service life of the motor and transmission components, and the reduction of failure downtime.

[0022] The hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder, together with the compression spring, forms a buffer damping. After molding, the inner mold slowly lifts to eject the workpiece, preventing the aluminum parts from being knocked off and deformed, ensuring the integrity of the appearance parts. The whole set of equipment is suitable for the mass production of aluminum fenders, hoods and other covering parts for new energy vehicles, taking into account molding accuracy, equipment durability and finished product yield. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the protective box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top-view perspective view of the protective box of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the support frame structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a side-view perspective view of the anti-rebound structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the compression spring two-dimensional structure from a bottom view;

[0031] Figure 9This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston of the present invention viewed from below;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the oil cylinder of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals: 100, main structure; 101, base; 102, mounting bracket; 103, protective box; 104, molding; 105, bearing frame; 106, guide post; 107, guide sleeve;

[0034] 200. Anti-rebound structure; 201. Pressure rod; 202. Sliding sleeve 1; 203. Compression spring 1; 204. Support ring 1; 205. Rotating seat; 206. Ball bearing;

[0035] 300. Demolding structure; 301. Sliding sleeve II; 302. Ejector rod; 303. Compression spring II; 304. Oil cylinder; 305. Sealing ring; 306. Support ring II; 307. Plug rod; 308. Piston; 309. Oil hole; 310. Inner mold;

[0036] 400. Heat dissipation structure; 401. Filter screen; 402. Assembly slot; 403. Ventilation window; 404. Drive wheel; 405. Driven wheel; 406. Bearing bracket; 407. Heat dissipation shaft; 408. Fan blade;

[0037] 500. Drive structure; 501. Servo motor; 502. Output shaft one; 503. Output shaft two; 504. Gear one; 505. Drive shaft; 506. Gear two; 507. Conical wheel one; 508. Driven shaft; 509. Conical wheel two; 510. Cam. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides three embodiments:

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] A low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles includes a main structure 100, an anti-springback structure 200, a demolding structure 300, a heat dissipation structure 400, and a drive structure 500. The main structure 100 includes a base 101, a mounting frame 102, a die 104, and a support frame 105. The support frame 105 is suspended above the base 101. The die 104 is located above the support frame 105 and moves longitudinally. The mounting frame 102 is fixed to the upper end of the base 101. A protective box 103 is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the mounting frame 102.

[0042] The anti-rebound structure includes a pressure bar 201. The lower end of the pressure bar 201 is connected to the die 104 and is distributed in a rectangular array and longitudinally slidably installed inside the lower end of the protective box 103. The die 104 can simultaneously apply force to multiple points to stamp the aluminum alloy body panel of the new energy vehicle.

[0043] The drive structure 500 includes a servo motor 501. The two output ends of the servo motor 501 are provided with an output shaft 1 502 and an output shaft 2 503. A drive shaft 505 is provided below the output shaft 1 502. A driven shaft 508 is provided below the drive shaft 505 at equal intervals.

[0044] The demolding structure 300 includes an ejector rod 302 and an inner mold 310. The ejector rod 302 is longitudinally slidably installed inside the support frame 105 and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the inner mold 310.

[0045] The heat dissipation structure 400 is driven by the drive structure 500 to dissipate heat from the protective box 103.

[0046] In this embodiment, before operation, the aluminum alloy body panel sheet to be processed is stably placed on the inner mold 310 inside the bearing frame 105. After the equipment is started, the servo motor 501 runs synchronously, and the output shafts 1 and 2 output shafts 503 at both ends output power synchronously. The output shaft 1 502 drives the drive shaft 505 downward, and drives multiple equally spaced driven shafts 508 to rotate at a constant speed through the meshing transmission of the conical wheel. The cams 510 on the surface of the driven shafts 508 rotate synchronously. The contour radius of the cams 510 gradually changes from small to large. During the rotation, the cams continuously press down the ball bearings 206 at the top of the pressure rods 201. The rectangular array of pressure rods 201 slides synchronously downward along the sliding sleeve of the protective box 103, which uniformly drives the lower pressure mold 104 to press down longitudinally. Multiple pressure rods 201 form a multi-point pressure across the entire area. The pressure die 104 and the inner die 310 work together to clamp the aluminum plate. The servo motor 501 precisely controls the stamping speed and holding time, pressing the plate evenly throughout the process, allowing the aluminum alloy to undergo full plastic deformation and counteracting the material's springback tendency.

[0047] After the stamping process is completed, the cam 510 continues to rotate until the small diameter section disengages from the ball bearing 206. The pressure rod 201 rises synchronously under the elastic force of the matching pressure spring 203, and the die 104 returns to its original position. At this time, the demolding structure 300 is activated, and the ejector rod 302 pushes the inner die 310 upward under the support of the second pressure spring 303, causing the formed aluminum part to rise and be demolded. The downward end of the ejector rod 302 is equipped with an oil cylinder 304 and hydraulic oil. The piston 308 squeezes the oil to flow through the oil hole 309 to form a damping buffer, controlling the ejector rod 302 to rise slowly and uniformly, avoiding hard ejection that scratches or bumps the aluminum part.

[0048] The servo motor 501 outputs power synchronously through the output shaft 503, which drives the cooling shaft 407 and fan blades 408 to rotate continuously via the transmission belt. Cold air from the outside enters the housing through the ventilation window 403 and filter 401 of the protective box 103, carrying away the heat generated by the servo motor 501, cam 510, and transmission shaft. The hot air is then discharged outwards. The entire process of stamping and heat dissipation is completed synchronously, ensuring the constant temperature and stable operation of the entire transmission and stamping components. This process continuously completes the stamping operations of aluminum fenders, hoods, and other covering parts.

[0049] To address the issues of low elastic modulus and severe springback deformation after stamping in aluminum alloy body panels for new energy vehicles, this invention solves the problems of uneven force distribution due to single-point pressure in traditional stamping, out-of-tolerance dimensions of curved parts, inconsistent assembly gaps, and high scrap rates. It also overcomes the production challenges of ordinary stamping equipment lacking synchronous heat dissipation, prone to motor failure due to high temperatures, and excessively fast demolding and ejection speeds that scratch aluminum exterior parts and cause dust accumulation and wear on transmission components.

[0050] The core innovation is the rectangular array multi-point pressure bar 201 anti-springback structure 200. The cam 510 synchronously drives all pressure bars 201 to press down synchronously, realizing uniform pressure across the entire area of ​​the pressure mold 104. This avoids insufficient pressure in certain areas of the aluminum plate, fully stretches the plate to form stable plastic deformation, significantly suppresses the springback of the aluminum alloy, and significantly improves the surface curvature and dimensional accuracy of the parts. It also reduces manual grinding and rework, lowers the scrap rate of aluminum body panels, and is suitable for the mass production of lightweight aluminum parts for new energy vehicles.

[0051] The dual-axis linkage integrated heat dissipation structure 400 of the motor provides synchronous automatic heat dissipation during stamping. Combined with the ventilation filter 401, it blocks workshop dust and continuously reduces the working temperature of the servo motor 501 and cam 510 transmission mechanism, slowing down the wear and aging of parts, reducing high-temperature shutdown failures, extending the service life of the whole machine, and reducing equipment maintenance costs. The hydraulic damping slow demolding structure 300 relies on the oil damping buffer ejector rod 302 to lift the speed, so that the formed aluminum parts can be smoothly removed from the mold, eliminating appearance scratches and edge bumps, and ensuring the appearance integrity of the body panel parts. The base 101, guide pillars 106, and guide sleeves 107 work together to improve the straightness of stamping, further stabilize the stamping quality, and comprehensively improve the yield rate and production continuity of the production line.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] Guide posts 106 are provided at the four corners of the upper end of the base 101, and guide sleeves 107 that are longitudinally slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide posts 106 are provided at the four corners of the mold 104.

[0054] The lower end of the protective box 103 is fitted with a sliding sleeve 202 arranged in a rectangular array. The pressure rod 201 is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve 202. The upper outer wall of the pressure rod 201 is fitted with a support ring 204. A compression spring 203 is provided between the support ring 204 and the lower inner wall of the protective box 103 and fitted on the outside of the pressure rod 201.

[0055] Ventilation windows 403 are provided at both ends of the protective box 103. An assembly groove 402 communicating with the ventilation windows 403 is provided on the outer wall of the protective box 103. A filter screen 401 is provided inside the assembly groove 402.

[0056] The upper end of the pressure rod 201 is provided with a rotating seat 205, and a ball bearing 206 is rotatably installed inside the upper end of the rotating seat 205. The outer wall of the driven shaft 508 is sleeved with cams 510 that are evenly distributed and whose outer walls are in contact with the ball bearing 206. The outer diameter of the cam 510 gradually increases towards one side along a circular trajectory.

[0057] In this embodiment, after the aluminum alloy sheet is positioned in the inner mold 310, the servo motor 501 drives the driven shaft 508 to rotate continuously, and the gradient outer diameter cam 510 on the driven shaft 508 rotates synchronously. The large radius arc surface of the cam 510 gradually contacts the ball 206 in the rotating seat 205 at the top of the pressure rod 201. The ball 206 can roll freely to reduce friction loss. The cam 510 continuously presses down on the row of rectangular array pressure rods 201. The pressure rod 201 passes through the sliding sleeve 202 at the bottom of the protective box 103 and descends vertically. The sliding sleeve 202 limits and guides the pressure rod 201 to prevent it from shifting or shaking during the stamping process. A compression spring 203 is sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod 201, and a support ring 204 supports the upper end of the spring. Under normal conditions, the compression spring 203 supports the pressure rod 201 to keep it in a raised state.

[0058] The pressure rods 201 press down synchronously, causing the die 104 to move downwards as a whole. The four corner guide sleeves 107 of the die 104 slide smoothly longitudinally along the four corner guide posts 106 of the base 101. The guide posts 106 and guide sleeves 107 cooperate to constrain the running trajectory of the die 104, ensuring that the die 104 is precisely aligned with the inner die 310 below, without any lateral deviation, so that the aluminum plate is subjected to uniform force. During the continuous pressure holding stage of the cam 510, multiple pressure rods 201 apply balanced pressure simultaneously, causing the aluminum alloy plate to undergo sufficient plastic deformation and weakening the material's springback tendency.

[0059] After the stamping process is completed, the driven shaft 508 and cam 510 rotate to the small diameter section, the downward pressure on the ball bearing 206 disappears, the compression spring 203 rebounds and lifts the support ring 204, driving all the pressure rods 201 to synchronously return to their original position along the sliding sleeve 202, and the die 104 is lifted and detached from the workpiece. Throughout the entire operation of the equipment, the servo motor 501 continuously works, and the internal transmission cam 510 and servo motor 501 continuously generate heat. The ventilation windows 403 on both sides of the protective box 103 form a convection air duct. External air flows into the box after being filtered for dust by the filter screen 401 in the assembly slot 402, carrying away the internal heat. The hot airflow is discharged from the ventilation window 403 on the other side, continuously cooling the transmission and stamping components, and cyclically carrying out the stamping and forming operation of aluminum body panel parts.

[0060] This invention addresses the problems of stamping offset, poor die alignment accuracy, and uneven stress on aluminum parts caused by traditional stamping dies 104; improves the defects of single pressure rod 201 such as force misalignment, sliding jamming, and unsmooth reset; and solves the problems of dust accumulation and wear on cam 510 and ball bearings 206 due to the lack of a dustproof and heat dissipation structure 400 inside the equipment, as well as the accelerated aging and failure of the motor due to high temperature. It also reduces the frictional loss between cam 510 and pressure rod 201.

[0061] The four corner guide posts 106 and guide sleeves 107 work together with the rectangular array sliding sleeve 202 to form a double guiding structure. The running trajectory of the die 104 and the pressure rod 201 is stable and without deviation. The mold closing accuracy of the die 104 and the inner mold 310 is greatly improved. The aluminum plate is subjected to uniform pressure throughout, and the plastic deformation is sufficient. This effectively controls the springback of the aluminum alloy cover parts during stamping, reduces dimensional deviations, and reduces product scrap and manual shaping processes.

[0062] The cam 510, in conjunction with the ball bearing 206, uses rolling contact to replace sliding friction, significantly reducing transmission wear and extending the service life of the cam 510 and the pressure rod 201. The pressure spring 203 uniformly resets all pressure rods 201, and the lifting action of multiple pressure rods 201 is synchronized, ensuring consistent mold separation speed before demolding and preventing localized pulling and deformation of aluminum parts.

[0063] The ventilation window 403 and the external filter 401 form a dustproof and heat dissipation structure 400. The stamping operation is completed simultaneously with air cooling and heat dissipation, filtering aluminum chips and dust in the workshop, preventing impurities from entering the protective box 103 and wearing precision transmission parts such as the ball bearing 206 and cam 510, stabilizing the equipment operating temperature, reducing high temperature shutdown failures, reducing the frequency of daily inspection and maintenance, and adapting to the long-term continuous batch stamping production of new energy aluminum body panels.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] The outer wall of the output shaft 2 503 is fitted with a gear 1 504, the outer wall of the drive shaft 505 is fitted with a gear 2 506 with a greater number of teeth than gear 1 504, the outer wall of the drive shaft 505 is fitted with a conical wheel 1 507 with equal spacing, and the outer wall of the driven shaft 508 is fitted with a conical wheel 2 509 that meshes with conical wheel 1 507.

[0066] The heat dissipation structure 400 also includes a heat dissipation shaft 407 and a bearing bracket 406. The bearing bracket 406 is symmetrically distributed and fixed on the upper inner wall 406 of the protective box 103, and the heat dissipation shaft 407 is rotatably installed inside the bearing bracket 406.

[0067] The outer wall of the output shaft 2 503 is fitted with a drive wheel 404, and the outer wall of the heat dissipation shaft 407 is fitted with a driven wheel 405 with a radius smaller than that of the drive wheel 404. Both the drive wheel 404 and the driven wheel 405 are fitted with drive belts, and the outer wall of the heat dissipation shaft 407 is fitted with fan blades 408 arranged in a ring array.

[0068] The support frame 105 is embedded with a sliding sleeve 301 for longitudinal sliding support of the push rod 302. The lower end of the push rod 302 is provided with a stop rod 307. An oil cylinder 304 filled with hydraulic oil is sleeved on the outside of the stop rod 307. A support ring 306 is sleeved on the outer wall of the oil cylinder 304. A piston 308 is slidably installed inside the oil cylinder 304 at the lower end of the stop rod 307.

[0069] The piston 308 has symmetrically distributed oil holes 309 inside. The upper inner wall of the oil cylinder 304 is embedded with a sealing ring 305 that provides sliding sealing support for the piston rod 307. A compression spring 303 is provided between the support ring 306 and the lower end of the protective box 103, which is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 307 and the oil cylinder 304.

[0070] In this embodiment, the servo motor 501 outputs power synchronously from both output shafts. The outer gear 504 of the second output shaft 503 meshes with the gear 506 with a larger number of teeth, forming a speed reduction and torque increase transmission, driving the drive shaft 505 to operate smoothly at low speed. Multiple sets of conical wheels 507 on the drive shaft 505 rotate synchronously, driving each driven shaft 508 to rotate synchronously with its matching conical wheels 509 through conical surface meshing, ensuring that all cams 510 rotate at the same speed, and the downward action of the array pressure rod 201 is completely synchronized. At the same time, the drive wheel 404 on the second output shaft 503 drives the smaller diameter driven wheel 405 through the transmission belt to achieve speed increase transmission. The heat dissipation shaft 407 rotates at high speed in the symmetrically arranged bearing bracket 406, and the fan blades 408 arranged in a ring on the shaft continuously agitate the air. With the help of the ventilation window 403 of the protective box 103, forced air cooling is completed, which promptly removes the high temperature generated by the operation of the motor, gears, and conical wheels. The filter screen 401 prevents aluminum dust from entering the transmission area.

[0071] After the stamping process is completed and the die 104 is raised, the second spring 303 releases its elastic force to push the second support ring 306 upward, causing the stopper rod 307 and the ejector rod 302 to move upward simultaneously. The ejector rod 302 slides vertically along the inner sliding sleeve 301 of the bearing frame 105, lifting the inner die 310 and the formed aluminum part together for demolding. The stopper rod 307 extends into the oil cylinder 304 filled with hydraulic oil. During the upward movement, the piston 308 squeezes the internal oil, and the hydraulic oil can only flow slowly through the small oil holes 309 symmetrically opened on the piston 308. The sealing ring 305 seals the gap at the upper end of the oil cylinder 304 to prevent oil leakage. The resistance to oil flow forms stable damping, which counteracts the instantaneous explosive force of the second spring 303, limits the upward speed of the ejector rod 302, and achieves slow and uniform demolding. The entire transmission, heat dissipation, and buffer demolding mechanism is driven by a servo motor 501, eliminating the need for an additional independent power source. The stamping, heat dissipation, and slow demolding processes are synchronized and linked, completing the stamping of aluminum alloy fenders, hoods, and other covering parts for new energy vehicles in a cyclical manner.

[0072] This invention addresses the problems of asynchronous rotation speed of driven shaft 508 and uneven downward pressure of pressure rod 201 in ordinary stamping equipment, which exacerbate the springback of aluminum parts; it overcomes the shortcomings of high cost and asynchronous start-stop of the heat dissipation device when a separate motor is added; it solves the production problems of the spring ejector rod 302 scratching aluminum alloy exterior parts due to excessive demolding speed, and the hydraulic structure being prone to oil leakage, insufficient torque of transmission gears, and insufficient heat dissipation airflow causing rapid high-temperature wear of components.

[0073] The gear reduction combined with the bevel gear synchronous transmission structure increases the stamping output torque. All driven shafts 508 rotate at the same speed. The array pressure rods 201 apply pressure to the aluminum plate synchronously and evenly, ensuring uniform plastic deformation of the plate and effectively suppressing aluminum alloy springback. This improves the dimensional accuracy of the body panel surface and reduces the cost of defective products being repaired.

[0074] The coaxial linkage speed-up and heat dissipation structure 400 eliminates the need for additional power components, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing energy consumption. The high-speed fan blades 408 provide continuous forced air cooling, and together with the dust filter 401, they stably control the operating temperature of the transmission components, reduce high-temperature wear on gears and conical wheels, extend the service life of precision transmission components, and reduce the frequency of downtime maintenance.

[0075] The hydraulic oil hole 309 damping buffer demolding mechanism relies on the oil throttling buffer ejector rod 302 to push out force, making the demolding action smooth and gentle, avoiding bumps and scratches on aluminum exterior parts; the sealing ring 305 seals the oil cylinder 304 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage and contamination of workpieces and equipment; the sliding sleeve 2 301 constrains the vertical lifting of the ejector rod 302, ensuring that the ejection is not skewed, further guaranteeing the appearance quality of the finished product, and is suitable for long-term continuous mass production of lightweight aluminum body panels. Working principle: The aluminum alloy sheet is placed on the inner mold. The servo motor drives the output shaft one and output shaft two to rotate, which in turn drives the gear one and drive wheel to rotate. Gear one pushes the meshing gear two to rotate, which in turn drives the drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the conical wheel one to rotate. Conical wheel one pushes the conical wheel two to rotate, which in turn drives the cam to rotate. The cam rolls and fits against the ball bearings. The larger radius surface of the cam gradually applies longitudinal extrusion force to the pressure rod. The pressure rod, which is elastically supported by the compression spring one, is squeezed down. This multi-point driving of the die longitudinal movement causes the inner mold to hold the aluminum alloy sheet. The aluminum alloy sheet is stamped and formed by the model of the bearing surface and holding surface of the inner mold and the die. The servo motor controls the speed to provide stamping driving force for stamping the aluminum alloy sheet. Multi-point holding avoids local pressure insufficiency and achieves uniform force for stamping the aluminum alloy sheet, avoiding the springback of aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles due to their own material properties.

[0076] The drive belt links the drive wheel and the driven wheel, which accelerates the rotation of the heat dissipation shaft. The rotation of the heat dissipation shaft forces the gas to flow, guiding the external low-temperature gases into the protective box through the heat dissipation window, and delivering the hot air to the outside. Dust in the outside gas is intercepted by the filter, which makes the operating environment of the drive structure and the heat dissipation structure stable and avoids the situation where contamination affects the stable use of the equipment.

[0077] After the cam rotates, the elastically supported pressure rod rises. At this time, the inner mold, which is being squeezed, comes into contact with force, and the push rod, which is elastically supported by the second compression spring, rises. This causes the aluminum alloy body panel of the new energy vehicle, which has been stamped and formed at the upper end of the inner mold, to rise and be demolded. After the push rod rises, the piston squeezes the hydraulic oil through the oil hole to apply damping to the second compression spring, so as to realize the push rod rising slowly and improve the demolding safety and stability.

[0078] The above specific embodiments are merely several preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

[0079] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles, comprising a main structure (100), an anti-springback structure (200), a demolding structure (300), a heat dissipation structure (400), and a drive structure (500), characterized in that: The main structure (100) includes a base (101), a mounting frame (102), a molding die (104), and a support frame (105). The support frame (105) is suspended above the base (101). The molding die (104) moves longitudinally above the support frame (105). The mounting frame (102) is fixed to the upper end of the base (101). A protective box (103) is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the mounting frame (102). The anti-rebound structure (200) includes a pressure bar (201). The lower end of the pressure bar (201) is connected to the die (104) and is distributed in a rectangular array and is longitudinally slidably installed inside the lower end of the protective box (103). The die (104) can simultaneously apply force to multiple points to stamp the aluminum alloy body covering parts of the new energy vehicle. The drive structure (500) includes a servo motor (501), and the two output ends of the servo motor (501) are provided with an output shaft one (502) and an output shaft two (503). A drive shaft (505) is provided below the output shaft one (502), and driven shafts (508) are provided below the drive shaft (505) at equal intervals. The demolding structure (300) includes a push rod (302) and an inner mold (310). The push rod (302) is longitudinally slidably installed inside the support frame (105) and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the inner mold (310). The heat dissipation structure (400) is driven by the drive structure (500) to dissipate heat from the protective box (103).

2. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (101) is provided with guide posts (106) at the four corners of the upper end, and the mold (104) is provided with guide sleeves (107) that are longitudinally slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide posts (106) at the four corners.

3. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the protective box (103) is embedded with a sliding sleeve (202) arranged in a rectangular array. The pressure rod (201) is longitudinally slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve (202). The upper outer wall of the pressure rod (201) is sleeved with a support ring (204). A compression spring (203) is provided between the support ring (204) and the lower inner wall of the protective box (103) and sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod (201).

4. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ventilation windows (403) are provided at both ends of the protective box (103). An assembly slot (402) communicating with the ventilation window (403) is provided on the outer wall of the protective box (103). A filter screen (401) is provided inside the assembly slot (402).

5. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the pressure rod (201) is provided with a rotating seat (205), and a ball bearing (206) is rotatably installed inside the upper end of the rotating seat (205). The outer wall of the driven shaft (508) is sleeved with cams (510) that are evenly distributed and whose outer walls are in contact with the ball bearings (206). The outer diameter of the cam (510) gradually increases to one side along a circular trajectory.

6. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft 2 (503) is sleeved with a gear 1 (504), the drive shaft 505 is sleeved with a gear 2 (506) with a number of teeth greater than that of gear 1 (504), the drive shaft 505 is sleeved with a conical wheel 1 (507) with equal spacing, and the driven shaft 508 is sleeved with a conical wheel 2 (509) that meshes with the conical wheel 1 (507).

7. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure (400) also includes a heat dissipation shaft (407) and a bearing bracket (406). The bearing bracket (406) is symmetrically distributed and fixed on the upper inner wall of the protective box (103). The heat dissipation shaft (407) is rotatably installed inside the bearing bracket (406).

8. The low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output shaft 2 (503) is fitted with a drive wheel (404) on its outer wall, and the heat dissipation shaft (407) is fitted with a driven wheel (405) with a radius smaller than that of the drive wheel (404) on its outer wall. Both the drive wheel (404) and the driven wheel (405) are fitted with drive belts on their outer walls. The heat dissipation shaft (407) is fitted with fan blades (408) arranged in a ring array on its outer wall.

9. A low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing frame (105) is embedded with a sliding sleeve (301) for longitudinal sliding support of the top rod (302). The bottom end of the top rod (302) is provided with a stopper rod (307). The outside of the stopper rod (307) is sleeved with an oil cylinder (304) filled with hydraulic oil. The outer wall of the oil cylinder (304) is sleeved with a support ring (306). The bottom end of the stopper rod (307) is provided with a piston (308) that is slidably installed inside the oil cylinder (304).

10. A low-springback servo stamping device for aluminum alloy body panels of new energy vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that: The piston (308) has symmetrically distributed oil holes (309) inside. The upper inner wall of the oil cylinder (304) is fitted with a sealing ring (305) that provides sliding sealing support for the piston rod (307). A compression spring (303) is provided between the second support ring (306) and the lower end of the protective box (103) and is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (307) and the oil cylinder (304).

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