Horizontal machining center for machining multiple surfaces of box parts

Abstract

This application relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology and discloses a horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts. It includes a bed, a horizontal spindle and a support base mounted on the bed, a rotary table rotatably mounted on the support base, a bearing turntable mounted on the rotary table, a clamping seat mounted on the bearing turntable, and the box-shaped part body mounted on the clamping seat. A bearing seat located within the rotary table is mounted on the support base, and a floating support column is vertically movable within the bearing seat. An indexing and lifting assembly is provided between the rotary table and the bearing seat. When the rotary table rotates, the indexing and lifting assembly drives the bearing seat to rise and fall between an avoidance position and a support preparation position. This allows the support structure mounted on the bearing seat to exit the rotation interference area entirely during the indexing of the rotary table, enabling overall avoidance using the indexing movement of the rotary table, and sequentially completing back-side support and support locking upon reaching the desired position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a horizontal machining center for multi-face machining of box-shaped parts. Background Technology

[0002] Box-shaped parts typically have multiple sides that require milling, drilling, boring, or tapping. To reduce positioning datum conversion errors caused by multiple clamping operations, existing horizontal machining centers usually fix the box-shaped parts on a rotary table that can rotate around a vertical axis. The rotary table drives the box-shaped parts to rotate at a set angle, so that multiple sides of the box-shaped parts face the horizontal spindle in sequence, thereby completing multi-sided machining under a single clamping condition. For box-shaped parts with large internal cavities, thin sidewalls, or local overhang structures, when machining their sidewalls, hole systems, or mating surfaces with large cutting amounts, it is also necessary to use auxiliary support structures to improve the rigidity of the current machining area, so as to reduce the vibration and deformation of the box wall caused by cutting loads.

[0003] However, if the auxiliary support structure remains in a support position near the housing part, it is easy to enter the rotation path of the housing part or the carrier turntable when the rotary table moves the housing part to switch machining surfaces, affecting normal indexing. Therefore, the auxiliary support needs to be actively withdrawn before indexing and re-established after the rotary table reaches the new machining position. In addition, although the ordinary support structure that supports the bottom of the housing from bottom to top can improve the overall load-bearing capacity, there is still a problem that the support position is far from the actual machining area for the transverse cutting load of the horizontal spindle acting on the current machining wall. If an independent lateral drive is arranged separately... Adding a moving mechanism, lifting mechanism, and locking mechanism increases the number of structures and the control process. Furthermore, directly performing rigid locking before the support position is adapted to the actual wall panel position of the box can easily lead to excessive pressure or support gaps. The box parts themselves may have dimensional errors, clamping errors, and differences in the actual support position at different indexing positions. If the locking timing is determined only according to the pre-set fixed drive stroke, there may be a problem where the support component enters the locking state before it has made reliable contact with the actual wall panel. At the same time, if the processing reaction force is continuously transmitted through the kinematic pair that controls the lifting and lowering of the support, it can easily increase the stress and wear of the kinematic pair. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a horizontal machining center for multi-face machining of box-shaped parts, which has the advantage of being able to actively change the support effect when switching machining surfaces on the box-shaped part body. This solves the problem that when box-shaped parts are machined on multiple surfaces in one clamping, the fixed back support can easily affect the box indexing, while ordinary lifting supports cannot automatically re-establish support on the back side of the current machining surface as the machining surface changes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts, comprising a machine cover, a bed, a horizontal spindle, and a support base. A rotary table is rotatably mounted on the support base. A bearing turntable and a clamping seat for mounting the box-shaped part body are mounted on the rotary table. A bearing seat located within the rotary table is vertically movably mounted on the support base. A floating support column is vertically movably mounted within the bearing seat. An indexing and lifting assembly is provided between the rotary table and the bearing seat. When the bearing seat is in the support preparation position, the pressure-bearing step on the bearing seat abuts against the pressure-bearing surface on the support base. A drive ring connected to a telescopic drive head is slidably mounted within the bearing seat. The drive ring pushes the floating support column upward through a pre-compressed elastic element. The lower part of the floating support column... A differential trigger sleeve is fixed, and a drive ring is sleeved on the differential trigger sleeve and can move axially relative to it. A contact protrusion is radially movably arranged on the drive ring. The outer periphery of the differential trigger sleeve is provided with a trigger guide groove having a follower section, a trigger inclined section, and a holding section. A support plate is provided at the top of the floating support column, which can move toward the back side of the current machining surface of the box part body. After the support plate abuts against the machining wall plate, the continuing to move drive ring causes the contact protrusion to move radially along the trigger inclined section and pushes the contact plate to lock the floating support column. After the support plate forms actual contact, the floating support column and the differential trigger sleeve stop rising. The telescopic drive head continues to push the drive ring to move, causing the drive ring to generate an axial differential displacement relative to the differential trigger sleeve. The contact protrusion moves radially outward along the trigger inclined section of the trigger guide groove and pushes the contact plate to lock the floating support column.

[0006] Furthermore, the indexing and lifting assembly includes a drive collar connected to the support seat, a drive rod is provided on the drive collar, and a drive groove is provided on the inner wall of the rotary table for the end of the drive rod to move. The drive groove has a clearance section, a lowering section, an ascending section and a pre-support section. The lowering section connects the pre-support section and the clearance section, and the ascending section connects the clearance section and the next pre-support section. The rotary table's own indexing motion can drive the support seat to rise and fall, so that the clearance and entry support preparation positions of the support seat correspond to the rotation position of the rotary table, reducing the need for additional lifting drive mechanisms.

[0007] Furthermore, the pre-compression elastic element is disposed between the drive ring and the floating support column, and the reset elastic element is disposed between the floating support column and the bearing seat. When the bearing seat is in the support preparation position, the telescopic drive head pushes the drive ring to move upward, and the drive ring pushes the floating support column to move upward relative to the bearing seat through the pre-compression elastic element. After the telescopic drive head retracts, the reset elastic element drives the floating support column to reset downward relative to the bearing seat. The pre-compression elastic element enables the floating support column to obtain the actual support position in an elastic manner, reducing excessive pressure caused by size and clamping errors. At the same time, the reset elastic element enables the floating support column to actively descend after the drive ring returns, ensuring the normal operation of the next working cycle.

[0008] Furthermore, the carrier turntable is provided with four support windows, which are arranged at 90° intervals with the rotation axis of the rotary table as the center, and the four support windows are equidistant from the rotation axis. When the carrier seat descends to the avoidance position, the floating support column, support seat, and support plate exit the rotation interference area of ​​the carrier turntable. When the rotary table rotates to the processing position, one of the support windows corresponds vertically with the floating support column. Through the above arrangement, after each indexing is completed, one support window can be realigned with the floating support column. At the same time, after the carrier seat descends, the support structure exits the rotation interference area of ​​the carrier turntable, thereby taking into account both multi-faceted processing and auxiliary support.

[0009] Furthermore, the bearing seat is provided with multiple abutment plates, each of which is rotatably connected to the bearing seat via a first connecting shaft. The synchronization plate is rotatably connected to the corresponding abutment plate via a second connecting shaft, so that multiple abutment plates can rotate synchronously toward or away from the floating support column. This allows multiple abutment plates to synchronously approach the floating support column from different directions, improving the uniformity of force during locking and reducing the situation where the floating support column is tilted due to unilateral clamping.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the differential trigger sleeve is provided with multiple trigger guide grooves spaced circumferentially, each trigger guide groove corresponding to a plurality of abutment protrusions. The follower section and the holding section extend axially along the differential trigger sleeve, and the trigger inclined section connects the follower section and the holding section. The inner end of the abutment protrusion extends into the trigger guide groove, and the outer end corresponds to the abutment plate. When the drive ring moves relative to the differential trigger sleeve, the abutment protrusion enters the trigger inclined section from the follower section and moves radially outward along the drive ring, pushing the abutment plate to rotate toward the floating support column. After the abutment protrusion enters the holding section, it maintains the locking state of the abutment plate. This allows the locking timing of the floating support column to be mechanically triggered by the differential displacement generated after the support plate and the workpiece actually form contact, rather than being determined solely by the preset absolute stroke of the telescopic drive head. This enables the system to adapt to box size errors and clamping errors, and reduces the situation of premature locking or incomplete support.

[0011] Furthermore, the support base is fixedly installed on the top of the floating support column, the guide groove is arranged horizontally, the support plate is slidably installed in the guide groove, and the end of the support plate near the main body of the box part forms a support part; the synchronizing rod is fixedly installed vertically on the bearing seat, and the drive wheel is rotatably installed on the top side of the synchronizing rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the inclined guide groove is set along the moving direction of the support plate and the inclination of the floating support column, and the drive wheel extends into the inclined guide groove; when the floating support column moves upward relative to the bearing seat, the drive wheel moves relative to the support plate along the inclined guide groove and pushes the support plate to extend towards the body of the box part along the guide groove; when the floating support column moves downward relative to the bearing seat, the drive wheel moves in the opposite direction along the inclined guide groove and drives the support plate to retract along the guide groove. With the above structure, there is no need to set up a separate lateral drive and reset mechanism for the support plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application provides a horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts. The indexing motion control of the rotary worktable allows the entire bearing seat to switch between a support preparation position and a rotation avoidance position, enabling the auxiliary support mechanism to actively exit the rotation interference area when the box-shaped part is indexed on multiple sides. After the bearing seat reaches the support preparation position, its pressure-bearing step directly abuts against the pressure-bearing surface on the support base, allowing the main support load in the machining state to be directly transmitted from the bearing seat to the support base and the machine bed, without having to be borne by the drive rod and drive groove for a long time. This separates the position control motion pair used for indexing and lifting from the load-bearing pair used for machining.

[0014] This application provides a horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts. By fixing a differential trigger sleeve on a floating support column, and using a drive ring that can move axially relative to the differential trigger sleeve and a trigger guide groove to control the radial position of the abutment protrusion, the abutment protrusion remains in the follower section and does not lock the floating support column when the support plate has not yet contacted the box wall panel. After the support plate actually contacts the box wall panel, the floating support column and the differential trigger sleeve stop moving. The continued movement of the drive ring generates axial differential, and the abutment protrusion extends radially through the trigger inclined section and drives the abutment plate to lock the floating support column. Thus, the locking action is mechanically triggered by the actual support contact state, which can better adapt to different workpiece sizes and clamping errors.

[0015] This application provides a horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts. By having the follower section, trigger inclined section, and holding section of the trigger guide groove correspond to the floating positioning, trigger locking, and locking holding states respectively, the continuous stroke of the same telescopic drive head can sequentially complete the support positioning and rigid locking. After the abutment protrusion enters the holding section, it can maintain its radially extended position, reducing the possibility of the locking reaction force transmitted from the abutment plate driving the drive ring in the opposite direction. At the same time, when the floating support column descends, it can drive the support plate to actively retract through the inclined guide groove and drive wheel, thereby forming a continuous working process of support, locking holding, and support release. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bed frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary table of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary table of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the support base and rotary table of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary table and drive groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-section of the bearing seat and a three-dimensional structural diagram of the abutment plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rotating disk of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide groove of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Machine cover; 2. Bed; 3. Horizontal spindle; 4. Support base; 5. Rotary table; 6. Bearing turntable; 7. Clamping seat; 8. Body of the housing; 9. Bearing seat; 10. Floating support column; 11. Reset elastic element; 13. Preload elastic element; 14. Drive collar; 15. Drive rod; 16. Drive groove; 17. Avoidance section; 18. Descending section; 19. Ascending section; 20. Pre-support section; 21. First connecting shaft; 22. Synchronizing plate; 23. Second connecting shaft; 24. Abutment plate; 25. Drive ring; 26. Abutment protrusion; 27. Telescopic drive head; 28. Support window; 29. ​​Support seat; 30. Guide groove; 31. Support plate; 32. Angled guide groove; 33. Synchronizing rod; 34. Drive wheel; 35. Differential trigger sleeve; 36. Trigger guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1, as Figures 1-10 As shown, a horizontal machining center for multi-face machining of box-shaped parts includes a bed 2, which serves as the fixed mounting base for the entire machine. A machine cover 1 is set on the outside of the bed 2 and encloses the machining area. A horizontal spindle 3 is set on one side of the bed 2, with its axis arranged horizontally. A support base 4 is set on the bed 2 and located in the machining area opposite to the horizontal spindle 3. A rotary table 5 is rotatably mounted on the support base 4 around a vertical rotation axis. A bearing turntable 6 is fixed on the rotary table 5 and rotates synchronously with the rotary table 5. A clamping seat 7 is set on the bearing turntable 6. The box-shaped part body 8 is positioned and clamped by the clamping seat 7, so that multiple sides of the box-shaped part body 8 to be machined can rotate sequentially with the rotary table 5 to a position opposite to the horizontal spindle 3.

[0020] like Figures 1-6As shown, the bearing seat 9 is located inside the rotary table 5 and can move vertically up and down relative to the support base 4. A guide fit structure extending vertically is provided between the bearing seat 9 and the support base 4, so that the bearing seat 9 can only move vertically and does not rotate with the rotary table 5 around the rotation axis. The drive collar 14 is connected to the bearing seat 9 and can transmit its own vertical displacement to the bearing seat 9. The drive rod 15 is fixed on the drive collar 14 and extends toward the inner wall of the rotary table 5. The end of the drive rod 15 extends into the drive groove 16 provided on the inner wall of the rotary table 5. Therefore, when the rotary table 5 performs indexing rotation, the drive groove 16 generates relative circumferential movement around the drive rod 15, and uses the height change of different groove sections to drive the drive rod 15, drive collar 14 and bearing seat 9 to move up and down. The drive groove 16 extends circumferentially around the rotation axis of the rotary table 5 and forms a periodic height change according to the indexing position of the box part body 8. In this embodiment, the box part body 8 has four circumferential machining positions as an example. The indexing angle between adjacent machining positions is 90°. Each machining position corresponds to a pre-support section 20. A descending section 18, a clearance section 17, and an ascending section 19 are provided between two adjacent pre-support sections 20. The descending section 18 gradually decreases from the pre-support section 20 to the clearance section 17, and the ascending section 19 gradually increases from the clearance section 17 to the next pre-support section 20. The descending section 18 and the ascending section 19 preferably adopt a continuous inclined plane or a continuous curve transition to reduce the impact generated when the drive rod 15 moves between different height groove sections. When the drive rod 15 is in the avoidance section 17, the bearing seat 9 is in a lower avoidance position. The floating support column 10, the support seat 29 and the support plate 31 installed on its top are all lower than the rotation interference area formed when the bearing turntable 6 is indexing. When the rotary table 5 approaches the next processing position, the drive rod 15 enters the rising section 19 from the avoidance section 17. The drive collar 14 and the bearing seat 9 gradually rise. After the drive rod 15 enters the pre-support section 20, the bearing seat 9 reaches the support preparation position. At this time, the rotary table 5 stops indexing and stays in the processing position. Then, the telescopic drive head 27 performs the small stroke support action of the floating support column 10. Therefore, the bearing seat 9 undertakes the large stroke movement required for indexing avoidance, while the floating support column 10 undertakes the small stroke movement used to obtain the actual support position after it is in place. The bearing seat 9 is provided with a pressure-bearing step, and the support base 4 is provided with a pressure-bearing surface corresponding to the pressure-bearing step. When the bearing seat 9 rises to the support preparation position, the pressure-bearing step and the pressure-bearing surface abut against each other. On the one hand, this restricts the bearing seat 9 from rising further, and on the other hand, it allows the support reaction force transmitted from the floating support column 10 to the bearing seat 9 during the processing to be directly transmitted to the support base 4 through the pressure-bearing step and the pressure-bearing surface. This allows the drive collar 14, drive rod 15 and drive groove 16 to mainly serve as the position switching function of the bearing seat 9, rather than as the main load-bearing structure in the processing state.

[0021] like Figures 1-6 and Figure 8 As shown, four support windows 28 are provided on the bearing turntable 6. The four support windows 28 are arranged at 90° intervals with the rotation axis of the rotary table 5 as the center, and the distance from the four support windows 28 to the rotation axis is the same. The floating support column 10 is located below the circumferential path formed by the rotation of each support window 28. Therefore, every time the rotary table 5 completes a 90° indexing, one support window 28 moves above the floating support column 10. The opening size of the support window 28 is larger than the maximum motion envelope formed when the support base 29 and the support plate 31 pass through vertically, and a safety clearance is reserved for the indexing error of the rotary table 5, the manufacturing error of the bearing turntable 6, and the assembly error. The support direction of the support plate 31 is based on the current machining surface of the box part body 8 when it is in the machining position, rather than based on a fixed original wall panel of the box part body 8. Every time the rotary table 5 completes a 90° indexing, it rotates another wall panel to be machined to the machining position corresponding to the horizontal spindle 3. Therefore, although different wall panels are circumferentially repositioned with the box part body 8, they can all correspond to the support direction of the same support plate 31 after entering the machining position, so that the support plate 31 can support the back of different machining wall panels in sequence without rotating circumferentially with the rotary table 5. The floating support column 10 is vertically slidably disposed within the bearing seat 9. An anti-rotation guide structure is provided between the floating support column 10 and the bearing seat 9, so that the floating support column 10 can move up and down relative to the bearing seat 9 but cannot rotate freely around its own axis, thereby ensuring that the support seat 29 and the support plate 31 always face the set back support direction. The drive ring 25 is slidably disposed within the bearing seat 9 along the axial direction of the floating support column 10. The fixed end of the telescopic drive head 27 is installed at the lower part of the bearing seat 9, and the output end of the telescopic drive head 27 is fixedly connected to the drive ring 25. Therefore, the telescopic drive head 27 can actively push the drive ring 25 to move upward, and can also actively drive the drive ring 25 to move downward when retracting. The telescopic drive head 27 can be the output end of a cylinder.

[0022] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the pre-compression elastic element 13 is disposed between the drive ring 25 and the floating support column 10. The drive ring 25 is provided with a pushing part corresponding to the lower part of the pre-compression elastic element 13, and the floating support column 10 is provided with a bearing part corresponding to the upper part of the pre-compression elastic element 13. When the telescopic drive head 27 pushes the drive ring 25 to move upward, the drive ring 25 first compresses the pre-compression elastic element 13, and the pre-compression elastic element 13 then applies an upward elastic thrust to the floating support column 10, so that the floating support column 10 can rise relative to the bearing seat 9. The bearing seat 9 is provided with a bearing step, and the support base 4 forms a bearing surface corresponding to the bearing step. When the bearing seat 9 rises to the support preparation position, the bearing step and the bearing surface abut against each other to limit the bearing seat 9 from continuing to move upward and bear the load transmitted by the floating support column 10 in the processing state. By using elastic force transmission instead of the drive ring 25 rigidly pushing the floating support column 10 directly, a certain range of compensation can be made for the dimensional error, clamping error and actual wall panel position difference of different box parts 8.

[0023] The reset elastic element 11 is disposed between the floating support column 10 and the bearing seat 9, and is installed in a manner that causes the floating support column 10 to have a downward movement tendency. The reset elastic element 11 can be a compression spring, and its effective reset force should be able to overcome the frictional resistance between the floating support column 10, the support seat 29, the support plate 31 and the corresponding guide structure. The upward force generated by the preload elastic element 13 on the floating support column 10 within the working stroke of the telescopic drive head 27 should be greater than the sum of the reverse force of the reset elastic element 11 and the movement resistance of each guide pair, so that the floating support column 10 can rise normally when establishing support and can reliably reset downward after the drive ring 25 returns.

[0024] like Figures 7-10 As shown, the support base 29 is fixedly installed on the top of the floating support column 10 and moves up and down synchronously with the floating support column 10. The support base 29 is provided with a guide groove 30 extending along the normal direction of the current machining surface of the box part body 8. The support plate 31 is slidably installed in the guide groove 30. One end of the support plate 31 near the box part body 8 forms a support part for abutting against the back of the corresponding wall panel of the current machining surface. The support plate 31 is provided with an oblique guide groove 32. The oblique guide groove 32 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the floating support column 10. The synchronous rod 33 is fixed vertically on the bearing seat 9 and moves up and down as a whole with the bearing seat 9. However, the synchronous rod 33 will not move with the small stroke movement of the floating support column 10 relative to the bearing seat 9. The drive wheel 34 is rotatably installed on the top side of the synchronous rod 33 through a rotating shaft and extends into the oblique guide groove 32. The inclined guide groove 32 is a groove that can constrain the drive wheel 34. Its effective groove width is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drive wheel 34, so as to restrict the free lateral movement of the support plate 31 relative to the drive wheel 34 while ensuring that the drive wheel 34 can roll smoothly. When the bearing seat 9 is raised and lowered as a whole, the floating support column 10, the support seat 29 and the synchronous rod 33 basically maintain their relative positions. Therefore, the support plate 31 will not extend on its own due to the large stroke of the bearing seat 9. When the bearing seat 9 reaches the support preparation position and the telescopic drive head 27 pushes the floating support column 10 to continue to rise relative to the bearing seat 9, the support seat 29 and the support plate 31 move upward relative to the synchronous rod 33. The drive wheel 34 generates relative movement along the inclined guide groove 32. The inclined guide groove 32 converts the vertical relative displacement under the constraint of the drive wheel 34. The lateral displacement of the support plate 31 causes it to gradually move towards the body of the box component 8 along the guide groove 30. The support portion of the support plate 31 eventually abuts against the side of the wall panel opposite to the horizontal spindle 3 of the current machining surface of the box component 8. When the box component 8 is a hollow box with an open upper part, this back side can be the inner surface of the wall panel being machined. When the horizontal spindle 3 performs milling, drilling, or boring from the outside of the wall panel, the support plate 31 establishes a reaction force support from the inside of the wall panel. The actual lateral extension of the support plate 31 is determined based on the clearance between its initial position and the back of the box panel, the manufacturing dimensional tolerance of the box component 8, and the clamping position error. The inclination of the inclined guide groove 32 is determined based on the allowable vertical floating stroke of the floating support column 10 and the required lateral stroke of the support plate 31.

[0025] like Figures 4-7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, multiple abutment plates 24 are arranged around the floating support column 10. In this embodiment, three or four abutment plates 24 can be arranged circumferentially. Each abutment plate 24 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 9 through a first connecting shaft 21. A synchronization plate 22 is provided on the first connecting shaft 21. The abutment plate 24 is rotatably connected to the synchronization plate 22 through a second connecting shaft 23. The synchronization plate 22 is connected to the first connecting shaft 21 rotatably arranged in the bearing seat 9, so that when the abutment plate 24 rotates, it can approach the floating support column 10, so that the floating support column 10 can be subjected to a relatively uniform clamping force in multiple directions, avoiding the significant displacement of the floating support column 10 caused by unilateral clamping. The differential trigger sleeve 35 is fitted and fixed to the lower part of the floating support column 10, allowing the differential trigger sleeve 35 to move up and down synchronously with the floating support column 10. The drive ring 25 is fitted on the outside of the differential trigger sleeve 35 and can move axially relative to the differential trigger sleeve 35 under the guidance of the bearing seat 9. The drive ring 25 is provided with multiple radial guide parts along the circumference, and an abutment protrusion 26 is slidably arranged in each radial guide part, so that the abutment protrusion 26 can only extend or retract radially relative to the drive ring 25; differential trigger... The outer periphery of the sleeve 35 is provided with trigger guide grooves 36 corresponding to each abutment protrusion 26. Each trigger guide groove 36 is provided with a follower section, a trigger inclined section and a holding section in sequence along the axial direction of the differential trigger sleeve 35. The groove depth of the follower section is greater than that of the holding section. The bottom of the groove of the trigger inclined section gradually slopes from the follower section to the holding section towards the outer periphery of the differential trigger sleeve 35. Therefore, when the inner end of the abutment protrusion 26 enters the trigger inclined section from the follower section, it is subjected to a gradually outward radial thrust and remains in a radially extended state after entering the holding section. The lower part of the abutment plate 24 forms a driving notch for the outer end of the abutment protrusion 26 to engage. The driving notch engages with the outer end of the abutment protrusion 26 in both directions. When the abutment protrusion 26 moves radially outward, it pushes the abutment plate 24 to rotate around the first connecting shaft 21 toward the floating support column 10. When the abutment protrusion 26 retracts radially, it drives the abutment plate 24 to rotate away from the floating support column 10 through the driving notch, thereby enabling the abutment plate 24 to complete the locking and unlocking actions. At the start of support, the telescopic drive head 27 pushes the drive ring 25 upward. The drive ring 25 applies an upward elastic force to the floating support column 10 through the pre-compression elastic element 13. The floating support column 10 drives the support seat 29 and the differential trigger sleeve 35 to move upward synchronously. Before the support plate 31 contacts the body of the box component 8, the axial relative displacement between the drive ring 25 and the differential trigger sleeve 35 caused by the compression of the pre-compression elastic element 13 remains within the effective length of the follower section of the trigger guide groove 36. The abutment protrusion 26 will not enter the trigger inclined section. Therefore, the multiple abutment plates 24 remain in the released state, and the floating support column 10 can continue to elastically find its position according to the actual wall panel position of the box. When the support portion of the support plate 31 actually abuts against the back of the corresponding wall panel of the current machining surface of the housing part 8, the support plate 31, support base 29, floating support column 10, and differential trigger sleeve 35 fixed on the floating support column 10 are restricted by the housing wall panel and basically stop rising. The telescopic drive head 27 continues to push the drive ring 25 upward, thereby causing the drive ring 25 to generate a further axial differential displacement relative to the differential trigger sleeve 35. The inner end of the abutment protrusion 26 enters the trigger inclined section from the follower section and moves radially outward along the drive ring 25 under the action of the gradually shallowing groove bottom of the trigger inclined section. The outer end of the abutment protrusion 26 pushes the corresponding abutment plate 24 to swing toward the floating support column 10. Multiple abutment plates 24 synchronously clamp the floating support column 10 under the action of the synchronization plate 22. As the drive ring 25 continues to move upward, the inner end of the abutment protrusion 26 pushes the corresponding abutment plate 24 to swing toward the floating support column 10. Multiple abutment plates 24 synchronously clamp the floating support column 10 under the action of the synchronization plate 22. After completing the remaining locking stroke, the abutment protrusion 26 enters the holding section from the triggering inclined section. Since the holding section extends axially along the differential trigger sleeve 35 and the groove depth remains basically unchanged, the abutment protrusion 26 can maintain the radially extended position, reducing the possibility that the processing reaction force on the abutment plate 24 will be converted back into the axial retraction force of the drive ring 25 through the abutment protrusion 26. The effective output stroke of the telescopic drive head 27 includes the positioning drive stroke required for the floating support column 10 to obtain the actual support position, the differential stroke required for the drive ring 25 to complete locking relative to the differential trigger sleeve 35 after the support plate 31 forms actual contact, and the reserved stroke. The effective length of the follower section of the trigger guide groove 36 should cover the maximum axial relative displacement that may occur between the drive ring 25 and the differential trigger sleeve 35 before the support plate 31 forms actual contact. During processing, the telescopic drive head 27 remains in the extended position, keeping the drive ring 25 in the locking stroke position, and the abutment protrusion 26 is located in the holding section of the trigger guide groove 36; the holding section mainly restricts the radial position of the abutment protrusion 26, while the main support reaction force generated by processing is transmitted to the bed 2 through the abutment plate 24, the bearing seat 9 and the support base 4; After processing is completed, the telescopic drive head 27 retracts and drives the drive ring 25 to move downward. The drive ring 25 generates a reverse axial displacement relative to the differential trigger sleeve 35, causing the inner end of the abutment protrusion 26 to return from the holding section through the trigger inclined section to the follower section. Under the guidance of the trigger guide groove 36, the abutment protrusion 26 retracts radially inward along the drive ring 25, and through the cooperation of its outer end with the lower drive notch of the abutment plate 24, it drives the abutment plate 24 away from the floating support column 10, thereby releasing the locking of the floating support column 10. As the drive ring 25 continues to descend, the upward force of the preload elastic element 13 on the floating support column 10 gradually decreases, and the reset elastic element 11 resets the floating support column 10 and the differential trigger sleeve 35 downward relative to the bearing seat 9.

[0026] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When processing the body 8 of the box part, the body 8 of the box part is first installed on the clamping seat 7 and positioned and clamped. When one side to be processed is rotated to a position opposite to the horizontal spindle 3, the drive rod 15 is located in the pre-support section 20 corresponding to the drive groove 16, the bearing seat 9 is in the support preparation position, and the bearing seat 9 and the support base 4 form a vertical bearing fit. One of the support windows 28 is located above the floating support column 10. The telescopic drive head 27 then pushes the drive ring 25 to rise. The drive ring 25 pushes the floating support column 10 to move upward relative to the bearing seat 9 through the pre-pressed elastic element 13. The floating support column 10 drives the support seat 29 and the differential trigger sleeve 35 to rise synchronously. At the same time, the drive wheel 34 generates relative movement along the inclined guide groove 32 and pushes the support plate 31 to extend towards the back of the currently processed wall panel. Before the support plate 31 contacts the box wall panel, the abutment protrusion 26 remains in the follower section of the trigger guide groove 36, and the abutment plate 24 does not lock the floating support column 10; after the support plate 31 actually abuts the current processing wall panel, the floating support column 10 and the differential trigger sleeve 35 stop rising, the telescopic drive head 27 continues to push the drive ring 25, so that the drive ring 25 generates an axial differential displacement relative to the differential trigger sleeve 35, the abutment protrusion 26 enters the trigger inclined section and moves radially outward, pushing multiple abutment plates 24 to simultaneously clamp the floating support column 10; Subsequently, the abutment protrusion 26 enters the holding section and remains locked, and the horizontal spindle 3 then processes the current machining surface. During the machining process, the support reaction force generated by the current machining wall panel is transmitted to the bearing seat 9 through the support plate 31, support seat 29, floating support column 10 and abutment plate 24, and then transmitted to the support seat 4 and bed 2 through the vertical bearing pressure cooperation between the bearing seat 9 and the support base 4. Thus, the drive collar 14, drive rod 15 and drive groove 16 mainly undertake the function of indexing position switching. After the current machining surface is completed, the telescopic drive head 27 retracts and drives the drive ring 25 to descend. The abutting protrusion 26 returns from the holding section to the follower section via the triggering inclined section and retracts radially, so that the abutting plate 24 releases the lock on the floating support column 10. The reset elastic element 11 causes the floating support column 10 to descend. At the same time, the drive wheel 34 and the inclined guide groove 32 cooperate in the opposite direction to cause the support plate 31 to retract. After the support plate 31 is completely removed from the box part body 8, the rotary table 5 starts the next indexing and repeats the above support start, actual contact trigger, locking and machining process. For the box-shaped part body 8 with four circumferential machining surfaces, this embodiment uses four support windows 28 spaced 90° apart and four corresponding pre-support sections 20. When the box-shaped part body 8 has three, six or other specified machining positions, the number of support windows 28 and the circumferential position of each pre-support section 20 of the drive groove 16 can be changed according to the actual indexing angle, as long as the bearing seat 9 can be lowered and avoid obstacles in the main indexing range and re-enter the support preparation state in each machining position.

[0027] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A horizontal machining center for multi-face machining of box-shaped parts, comprising a machine cover (1), a bed (2), a horizontal spindle (3), and a support base (4), wherein a rotary table (5) is rotatably mounted on the support base (4), and a bearing turntable (6) and a clamping seat (7) for mounting the body (8) of the box-shaped part are provided on the rotary table (5), characterized in that: A support seat (9) is vertically movably arranged on the support base (4) and located inside the rotary table (5). A floating support column (10) is vertically movably arranged inside the support seat (9). An indexing lifting assembly is arranged between the rotary table (5) and the support seat (9). When the rotary table (5) rotates, the indexing lifting assembly drives the support seat (9) to rise and fall between the avoidance position and the support preparation position. When the bearing seat (9) is in the support preparation position, the pressure-bearing step on the bearing seat (9) abuts against the pressure-bearing surface on the support base (4); A drive ring (25) connected to the telescopic drive head (27) is slidably disposed inside the bearing seat (9). The drive ring (25) pushes the floating support column (10) to rise through the pre-compression elastic element (13). A differential trigger sleeve (35) is fixed at the lower part of the floating support column (10). The drive ring (25) is sleeved on the differential trigger sleeve (35) and can move relative to it axially. An abutting protrusion (26) is radially movably disposed on the drive ring (25). A trigger guide groove (36) with a follower section, a trigger inclined section and a holding section is disposed on the outer periphery of the differential trigger sleeve (35). The top of the floating support column (10) is provided with a support plate (31) that can move toward the back side of the current machining surface of the box part body (8). After the support plate (31) abuts against the machining wall plate, the driving ring (25) continues to move, causing the abutting protrusion (26) to move radially along the triggering inclined section and push the abutting plate (24) to lock the floating support column (10).

2. The horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indexing lifting assembly includes a drive collar (14) connected to the bearing seat (9). A drive rod (15) is provided on the drive collar (14). A drive groove (16) for the end of the drive rod (15) to move is provided on the inner wall of the rotary table (5). The drive groove (16) has a clearance section (17), a descending section (18), an ascending section (19), and a pre-support section (20). The descending section (18) connects the pre-support section (20) and the clearance section (17). The ascending section (19) connects the clearance section (17) and the next pre-support section (20).

3. A horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preload elastic element (13) is disposed between the drive ring (25) and the floating support column (10), and the reset elastic element (11) is disposed between the floating support column (10) and the bearing seat (9). When the bearing seat (9) is in the support preparation position, the telescopic drive head (27) pushes the drive ring (25) to move upward, and the drive ring (25) pushes the floating support column (10) to move upward relative to the bearing seat (9) through the preload elastic element (13). After the telescopic drive head (27) retracts, the reset elastic element (11) drives the floating support column (10) to reset downward relative to the bearing seat (9).

4. A horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier turntable (6) is provided with four support windows (28). The four support windows (28) are set at 90° intervals with the rotation axis of the rotary table (5) as the center, and the four support windows (28) are at the same distance from the rotation axis. When the carrier seat (9) descends to the avoidance position, the floating support column (10) and the support plate (31) exit the rotation interference area of ​​the carrier turntable (6). When the rotary table (5) rotates to the processing position, one of the support windows (28) corresponds vertically to the floating support column (10).

5. A horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bearing seat (9) is provided with multiple abutment plates (24). Each abutment plate (24) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (9) through a first connecting shaft (21). The second connecting shaft (23) is rotatably connected to the corresponding abutment plate (24) through a synchronization plate (22), so that multiple abutment plates (24) can rotate synchronously toward or away from the floating support column (10).

6. A horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The differential trigger sleeve (35) has multiple trigger guide grooves (36) spaced circumferentially around its outer periphery. The multiple trigger guide grooves (36) correspond to multiple abutment protrusions (26). The follower section and the holding section extend axially along the differential trigger sleeve (35). The trigger inclined section connects the follower section and the holding section. The inner end of the abutment protrusion (26) extends into the trigger guide groove (36), and the outer end corresponds to the abutment plate (24). When the drive ring (25) moves relative to the differential trigger sleeve (35), the abutment protrusion (26) enters the trigger inclined section from the follower section and moves radially outward along the drive ring (25), pushing the abutment plate (24) to rotate toward the floating support column (10). After the abutment protrusion (26) enters the holding section, it keeps the abutment plate (24) in a locked state.

7. A horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the floating support column (10) is fixedly provided with a support seat (29), the guide groove (30) is arranged horizontally, the support plate (31) is slidably installed in the guide groove (30), and the end of the support plate (31) near the body of the box part (8) forms a support part; the synchronizing rod (33) is fixedly arranged vertically on the bearing seat (9), and the drive wheel (34) is rotatably arranged on the top side of the synchronizing rod (33).

8. A horizontal machining center for multi-faceted machining of box-shaped parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inclined guide groove (32) is inclined along the moving direction of the support plate (31) and axially relative to the floating support column (10). The drive wheel (34) extends into the inclined guide groove (32). When the floating support column (10) moves upward relative to the bearing seat (9), the drive wheel (34) moves relative to the inclined guide groove (32) and pushes the support plate (31) to extend along the guide groove (30) toward the box body (8). When the floating support column (10) moves downward relative to the bearing seat (9), the drive wheel (34) moves in the opposite direction along the inclined guide groove (32) and drives the support plate (31) to retract along the guide groove (30).

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