Amphibious vehicle heat dissipation system and amphibious vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a cooling system for an amphibious vehicle. The cooling system comprises five major modules: an engine water cooling system, a seawater heat exchange system, an engine intercooler, a motor cooling system, and a battery liquid cooling unit, along with an electronic control system. The five modules adopt a modular integrated layout, integrated into the front roof of the engine compartment and specific locations within the compartment, with clearly defined functional zones to meet different cooling needs. An airflow circulation system is formed within the engine compartment. The first fan of the intercooler and motor modules draws air from the roof and exhausts it into the engine compartment. The second fan of the water cooling module draws air from the engine compartment to the outside of the vehicle. A third fan on the rear roof, in conjunction with a temperature sensor, dynamically exhausts air. The electronic control system, based on a preset temperature control strategy, adjusts the fan speed to maintain the engine, gearbox, motor, and battery at suitable temperatures. This system saves engine compartment space, improves cooling efficiency and seawater adaptability, reduces energy consumption and failure rate, and ensures stable operation of the amphibious vehicle. This invention also discloses an amphibious vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vehicle cooling system technology. Specifically, this invention relates to a cooling system for an amphibious vehicle and an amphibious vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Amphibious vehicles are special vehicles that possess both land mobility and water navigation capabilities, and can independently enter and exit water from land. They are wheeled or tracked vehicles that can traverse water obstacles using their own buoyancy without extensive preparation. The performance of the cooling system is crucial for the amphibious vehicle's ability to operate on both land and water. Through components such as radiators and fans, and with the help of circulating cooling media (such as coolant or air), the system absorbs the heat generated by the power system and electrical equipment during operation and transfers the heat to the external environment. This prevents component performance degradation, shortened lifespan, or even malfunction due to excessive temperature, ensuring the amphibious vehicle's continuous and stable operation under complex conditions such as bumpy land travel and water navigation. However, existing cooling system layouts and technologies are gradually showing limitations in handling such complex conditions, failing to fully meet the higher requirements of amphibious vehicles for combined cooling systems with high energy consumption.

[0003] From a structural layout and integration perspective, existing cooling systems are mostly distributed, lacking efficient integration of various cooling components. This not only occupies a significant amount of space in the engine compartment but also leads to a chaotic layout due to messy piping, increasing the difficulty of overall vehicle arrangement and hindering the collaborative work between modules, which contradicts the current trend of integrated and compact design. Regarding cooling efficiency and airflow design, the airflow planning of existing cooling systems is inadequate. Some modules have single-mode fan intake and exhaust methods lacking coordination, easily leading to airflow interference between different modules and resulting in unstable cooling efficiency. Simultaneously, due to radiator size limitations, the intake and exhaust airflow is insufficient, easily creating positive and negative pressure differences within the engine compartment, preventing timely heat dissipation, especially under high-temperature or high-load conditions, leading to problems with inadequate heat dissipation. From an adaptability and durability perspective, some radiator materials in existing cooling systems lack corrosion resistance, easily corroding and damaging after prolonged use in harsh environments such as seawater, affecting cooling performance and service life. Furthermore, they have poor adaptability to different driving conditions on land and water, making it difficult to dynamically adjust the cooling intensity according to environmental changes, easily leading to over- or under-cooling under complex conditions. In terms of control precision, existing heat dissipation systems mostly use simple mechanical control or fixed mode control, lacking intelligent sensing and precise adjustment capabilities. They cannot flexibly adjust parameters such as fan speed and water pump flow according to the real-time temperature changes of each component, resulting in energy waste or poor heat dissipation.

[0004] This invention provides a cooling system for an amphibious vehicle, specifically addressing how to save cabin space and improve module collaboration efficiency and maintenance convenience through innovative modular integrated layout. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides a cooling system for an amphibious vehicle, with the purpose of saving cabin space and improving module coordination efficiency and maintenance convenience through a modular integrated layout innovation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an amphibious vehicle cooling system, including an engine water cooling module, a seawater heat exchange module, an engine intercooler module, a motor cooling module, a battery liquid cooling module, and an electronic control system; The engine water cooling module, seawater heat exchange module, engine intercooler module, motor cooling module, and battery liquid cooling module adopt a modular integrated layout and are integrated in the front roof of the amphibious vehicle's engine compartment and in specific compartment locations. Each module corresponds to a functional area for engine water cooling, seawater heat exchange, engine intercooler, motor cooling, and battery liquid cooling, thus clearly defining the functional areas. The engine compartment forms an air circulation structure. The engine intercooler module and the motor cooling module are equipped with a first fan that draws in air from the roof and exhausts hot air into the engine compartment. The engine water cooling module is equipped with a second fan that draws air from the engine compartment to the outside of the vehicle. A third fan is installed on the roof at the rear of the engine compartment, which, together with the temperature sensor inside the compartment, enables dynamic exhaust. The electronic control system has a preset temperature control strategy. The temperature control strategy is based on at least two temperature parameters among the engine coolant temperature, injection pump gearbox gear oil temperature, motor and controller coolant temperature, intercooler radiator temperature and battery coolant temperature. By controlling the output voltage of the drive motor to change the speed of each fan, the engine, injection pump gearbox, motor and battery are kept within the preset temperature range.

[0007] The engine water cooling module also integrates an engine water radiator, a motor expansion tank, and an electronic water pump. The electronic water pump is connected in series in the coolant circuit of the motor cooling module to drive the coolant circulation.

[0008] At least four electronic water pumps are provided.

[0009] The seawater heat exchange module includes a naval copper pipe, which is connected in series with the engine water radiator.

[0010] The intercooling module of the engine dissipates heat from the engine intake air, and achieves intercooling heat dissipation by exchanging heat with the engine intake air through a cooling medium; the engine intercooling module also includes an intercooling radiator.

[0011] The distance between the engine intercooler module and the engine is 250~350mm.

[0012] The heat dissipation module of the motor is used to dissipate heat from the ISG motor, hub motor and motor controller, and removes the heat generated by the motor and controller through coolant circulation; the motor heat dissipation module includes an ISG motor heat sink and an ISG motor controller heat sink.

[0013] The battery liquid cooling module dissipates heat from the battery coolant, reducing the coolant temperature through a refrigeration cycle. The battery liquid cooling module includes a liquid cooling unit and a condenser, and is located in the port side cabin of the engine.

[0014] The airflow path of the air duct circulation structure is as follows: cold air enters the engine compartment from the front air intake grille of the vehicle, flows through the seawater heat exchange module, engine water radiator module, motor cooling module, and engine intercooler module in sequence, and then a portion of the hot air is drawn out of the vehicle by the second fan of the engine water radiator module, and another portion of the hot air is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle by the third fan on the roof at the rear of the engine compartment.

[0015] The present invention also provides an amphibious vehicle, including the aforementioned amphibious vehicle cooling system.

[0016] The amphibious vehicle cooling system of this invention saves engine compartment space through a modular integrated layout, improving module coordination efficiency and maintenance convenience; clearly defined functional zoning ensures precise and efficient heat dissipation for key components, extending their service life; innovative airflow circulation design optimizes airflow paths, reduces interference, stabilizes heat dissipation, and adapts to complex operating conditions; optimized component integration reduces the weight of the vehicle front, improves weight distribution, and simplifies piping to reduce the failure rate; and targeted material and connection methods enhance adaptability to seawater environments and improve heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the electronic control system dynamically adjusts fan speed to avoid energy waste, ensuring the engine, battery, and other components operate at suitable temperatures, thus guaranteeing stable operation of the amphibious vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0017] This manual includes the following figures, which illustrate the following: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the amphibious vehicle cooling system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and to facilitate its implementation.

[0019] It should be noted that in the following embodiments, the terms "first," "second," and "third" do not represent an absolute distinction in structure and / or function, nor do they represent the order of execution; they are merely for the convenience of description.

[0020] Firstly, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a cooling system for an amphibious vehicle, including an engine water cooling module, a seawater heat exchange module, an engine intercooler module, a motor cooling module, a battery liquid cooling module, and an electronic control system.

[0021] The engine water cooling module, seawater heat exchange module, engine intercooler module, motor cooling module, and battery liquid cooling module adopt a modular integrated layout, integrated into the front roof of the amphibious vehicle's engine compartment and specific locations within the compartment. Each module corresponds to a functional area for engine water cooling, seawater heat exchange, engine intercooling, motor cooling, and battery liquid cooling, thus clearly defining the functional areas. An airflow circulation structure is formed within the engine compartment. The engine intercooler module and motor cooling module are equipped with a first fan that draws in air from the roof and exhausts hot air into the engine compartment. The engine water cooling module is equipped with a second fan that draws air from inside the engine compartment to the outside of the vehicle. A third fan, which is an electric fan, is located on the rear roof of the engine compartment and works with the interior temperature sensor to achieve dynamic exhaust. The electronic control system has a preset temperature control strategy based on at least two of the following temperature parameters: engine coolant temperature, injection pump gearbox gear oil temperature, motor and controller coolant temperature, intercooler radiator temperature, and battery coolant temperature. By controlling the output voltage of the drive motor, the speed of each fan is changed to maintain the engine, injection pump gearbox, motor, and battery within the preset temperature range.

[0022] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the cooling system innovatively saves cabin space through modular integrated layout, improving module coordination efficiency and maintenance convenience; clearly defined functional zoning ensures precise and efficient heat dissipation for each key component, extending its service life; innovative airflow circulation design optimizes airflow paths, reduces interference, stabilizes heat dissipation, and adapts to complex operating conditions; innovative component integration reduces the weight of the vehicle front, improves weight distribution, and simplifies piping to reduce the failure rate; and innovative targeted materials and connection methods enhance adaptability to seawater environments and improve heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the electronic control system dynamically adjusts fan speed to avoid energy waste, ensuring that the engine, battery, and other components always operate at suitable temperatures, thus ensuring the stable operation of the amphibious vehicle.

[0023] In this embodiment of the invention, the engine water cooling module is located above the rear of the engine. The engine water cooling module also integrates an engine water radiator, a motor expansion tank, and an electronic water pump. The electronic water pump is connected in series in the coolant circuit of the motor cooling module to drive coolant circulation. At least four electronic water pumps are provided. The engine water radiator and a second fan are arranged opposite each other. The second fan is driven by a motor, which is electrically connected to an inverter.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation target of the engine water cooling module is the engine coolant, and the coolant temperature is reduced through heat exchange between the air and the coolant; the heat dissipation target of the battery liquid cooling module is the battery coolant, and the battery coolant temperature is reduced through a refrigeration cycle.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation target of the seawater heat exchange module is the engine coolant, achieving cooling through heat exchange between seawater and the engine coolant. The seawater heat exchange module includes a seawater heat exchanger, which comprises naval copper tubes and an aluminum shell. The seawater heat exchanger is connected in series with the engine water radiator. The naval copper tubes have a diameter of 8-15mm and a wall thickness of 1-3mm. Multiple naval copper tubes are arranged in parallel to form the heat exchange channel of the seawater heat exchanger. The aluminum shell, with a thickness of 2-5mm, wraps around the outside of the naval copper tubes and is fixed to them through a sealing connector. The seawater heat exchange module is connected in series with the water radiator in the engine water radiator module. The inlet of the seawater heat exchange module is connected to an integrated seawater pump, and the outlet of the seawater heat exchange module is connected to the inlet of the water radiator through a pipe, forming a series heat exchange loop. The naval copper tubes meet the corrosion resistance requirements in seawater and are adaptable to complex aquatic environments. Furthermore, the series connection between the seawater heat exchanger and the water radiator improves heat exchange efficiency and solves the problems of insufficient corrosion resistance and poor heat exchange effect of traditional cooling systems in special environments.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the engine intercooling module and the motor heat dissipation module are integrated on a pre-installed bracket on the roof at the front of the engine compartment, and the engine water cooling module, the seawater heat exchange module and the battery liquid cooling module are integrated in an independent compartment near the front of the vehicle in the engine compartment, with a reserved airflow gap of 50-150mm between each module.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation target of the engine intercooling module is the engine intake air. Intercooling heat dissipation is achieved by heat exchange between the engine intake air and the cooling medium. The engine intercooling module also includes an intercooling radiator, which is arranged opposite to a first fan. The first fan is driven by a motor, which is electrically connected to an inverter. The intercooling radiator is connected to the engine.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the engine intercooler module is located diagonally above the engine, and the distance between the engine intercooler module and the engine is 250~350mm, preferably 300mm.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the motor cooling module is located at the front of the vehicle. The module cools the ISG motor, hub motor, and motor controller, removing heat generated by these components through coolant circulation. The motor cooling module includes an ISG motor radiator, an ISG motor controller radiator, a hub motor radiator, a hub motor controller radiator, and a gearbox radiator. The ISG motor radiator, ISG motor controller radiator, hub motor radiator, and hub motor controller radiator are arranged opposite to a first fan, which is driven by a motor. The ISG motor radiator, ISG motor controller radiator, hub motor radiator, and hub motor controller radiator are located on the same side of the first fan, which is also driven by a motor electrically connected to an inverter. Each of the ISG motor radiator, ISG motor controller radiator, hub motor radiator, and hub motor controller radiator is connected to an electric water pump. The inlet of the gearbox radiator is connected to the outlet of a gearbox gear pump, the inlet of the gearbox gear pump is connected to the outlet of the gearbox, and the outlet of the gearbox radiator is connected to the inlet of the gearbox.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the volume of the motor expansion tank is 1-3L, and it is connected to the coolant circuit of the motor heat dissipation module through a pipe to replenish the coolant of the motor heat dissipation module and balance the circuit pressure.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the cabin temperature sensor has a sampling frequency of 1-5Hz, transmitting the cabin temperature signal to the electronic control system in real time. The electronic control system then controls the start / stop and speed setting of the electric fan at the rear of the cabin based on the temperature signal. In this embodiment of the invention, the battery liquid cooling module dissipates heat from the battery coolant, reducing its temperature through a refrigeration cycle. The battery liquid cooling module includes components such as a liquid cooling controller, a liquid cooling unit, and a condenser. The liquid cooling unit and the condenser are connected; the liquid cooling unit is located in the left-side engine compartment, and the condenser is mounted on the vehicle roof. The liquid cooling unit and the liquid cooling controller are electrically connected. The outlet of the liquid cooling unit is connected to the inlet of the power battery, and the outlet of the power battery is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling unit.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the temperature control strategy of the electronic control system is based on temperature parameters including engine coolant temperature, injection pump gearbox gear oil temperature, ISG motor and controller coolant temperature, hub motor and controller coolant temperature, intercooler radiator temperature, and battery coolant temperature. The electronic control system has a built-in temperature acquisition module that collects each temperature parameter in real time, and presets corresponding upper and lower threshold values ​​for each temperature parameter. When a certain temperature parameter is higher than the corresponding upper threshold value, the electronic control system increases the speed of the corresponding cooling module fan; when a certain temperature parameter is lower than the corresponding lower threshold value, the electronic control system decreases the speed of the corresponding cooling module fan.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the airflow path of the air duct circulation structure is as follows: cold air enters the engine compartment from the front air intake grille of the vehicle, flows through the seawater heat exchange module, the engine water radiator module, the motor cooling module, and the engine intercooler module in sequence, and then a portion of the hot air is drawn out of the vehicle by the second fan of the engine water radiator module, and another portion of the hot air is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle by the third fan at the rear of the engine compartment roof.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, an innovative airflow circulation design was implemented. Different modules employ differentiated air intake and exhaust methods, forming an effective airflow circulation. The first fans of the engine intercooler module and the motor cooling module draw air from the roof and exhaust hot air into the engine compartment; the second fan of the engine water cooling module draws air from inside the engine compartment to the outside of the vehicle, forming an airflow circulation with the former two. Simultaneously, to address potential positive and negative pressure differences within the engine compartment, two third fans and an interior temperature sensor are installed on the rear roof of the vehicle to monitor and exhaust air in real time, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency and avoiding the defects of mutual airflow interference and unstable heat dissipation efficiency in traditional systems. The amphibious vehicle cooling system described above has the following advantages: (1) The cooling system is divided into five modules according to the overall vehicle layout and integrated in the front roof of the engine compartment and in specific compartment locations, realizing the orderly integration of various cooling functions. This integrated design not only saves engine compartment space and optimizes the overall vehicle layout, but also facilitates the collaborative work of each module, solving the problems of large space occupation, chaotic layout and poor coordination caused by the traditional decentralized layout.

[0035] (2) In the engine water cooling module, the motor expansion tank and electronic water pump, which originally belonged to the motor cooling module, are integrated. This not only reduces the weight of the front of the vehicle, but also simplifies the pipeline connection, improves the compactness and operational stability of the system, and breaks through the limitations of the traditional system components being scattered and having low correlation.

[0036] (3) The five modules are designed for different functional requirements such as engine intercooling, motor heat dissipation, engine water cooling, battery liquid cooling, and seawater heat exchange. The components of each module are highly targeted, ensuring that each heat dissipation object can receive precise and efficient heat dissipation treatment, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional systems that have single functions and cannot meet diverse heat dissipation needs.

[0037] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an amphibious vehicle, including an amphibious vehicle cooling system with the above-described structure. This amphibious vehicle cooling system can be referred to... Figure 1 Further details will not be elaborated here. Since the amphibious vehicle of the present invention includes the heat dissipation system described in the above embodiments, it possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned heat dissipation system.

[0038] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution; or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling system for an amphibious vehicle, characterized in that, This includes an engine water cooling module, a seawater heat exchange module, an engine intercooler module, an electric motor cooling module, a battery liquid cooling module, and an electronic control system. The engine water cooling module, seawater heat exchange module, engine intercooler module, motor heat dissipation module, and battery liquid cooling module adopt a modular integrated layout and are integrated in the front roof of the amphibious vehicle's engine compartment and in specific compartment locations. The engine compartment forms an air circulation structure. The engine intercooler module and the motor cooling module are equipped with a first fan that draws in air from the roof and exhausts hot air into the engine compartment. The engine water cooling module is equipped with a second fan that draws air from the engine compartment to the outside of the vehicle. A third fan is installed on the roof at the rear of the engine compartment, which, together with the temperature sensor inside the compartment, enables dynamic exhaust. The electronic control system has a preset temperature control strategy. The temperature control strategy is based on at least two temperature parameters among the engine coolant temperature, injection pump gearbox gear oil temperature, motor and controller coolant temperature, intercooler radiator temperature and battery coolant temperature. By controlling the output voltage of the drive motor to change the speed of each fan, the engine, injection pump gearbox, motor and battery are kept within the preset temperature range.

2. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine water cooling module also integrates an engine water radiator, a motor expansion tank, and an electronic water pump. The electronic water pump is connected in series in the coolant circuit of the motor cooling module to drive the coolant circulation.

3. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least four electronic water pumps are provided.

4. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seawater heat exchange module includes a naval copper pipe, which is connected in series with the engine water radiator.

5. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The intercooling module of the engine dissipates heat from the engine intake air, and achieves intercooling heat dissipation by exchanging heat with the engine intake air through a cooling medium; the engine intercooling module also includes an intercooling radiator.

6. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the engine intercooler module and the engine is 250~350mm.

7. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat dissipation module of the motor is used to dissipate heat from the ISG motor, hub motor and motor controller, and removes the heat generated by the motor and controller through coolant circulation; the motor heat dissipation module includes an ISG motor heat sink and an ISG motor controller heat sink.

8. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The battery liquid cooling module dissipates heat from the battery coolant, reducing the coolant temperature through a refrigeration cycle. The battery liquid cooling module includes a liquid cooling unit and a condenser, and is located in the port side cabin of the engine.

9. The amphibious vehicle cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The airflow path of the air duct circulation structure is as follows: cold air enters the engine compartment from the front air intake grille of the vehicle, flows through the seawater heat exchange module, engine water radiator module, motor cooling module, and engine intercooler module in sequence, and then a portion of the hot air is drawn out of the vehicle by the second fan of the engine water radiator module, and another portion of the hot air is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle by the third fan on the roof at the rear of the engine compartment.

10. An amphibious vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the amphibious vehicle cooling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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