A wave wind light multi-energy fusion double-ship self-sustaining intelligent offshore base station system and method

Abstract

A dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent offshore base station system and method integrating wave, wind, and solar energy is disclosed. The system utilizes a dual-ship semi-submersible platform as its foundation, integrating wave, wind, and solar power generation units, and correspondingly incorporating retractable wind turbines and a photovoltaic shielding-type environmental adaptive protection mechanism. The energy transfer unit is equipped with a DC bus and a hybrid energy storage module, while the energy management unit dynamically optimizes output ratios and charging / discharging strategies. The signal transfer unit is compatible with both BeiDou satellite and underwater acoustic communication, enabling automatic switching between surface and underwater signals. The intelligent central control unit collects operational data and performs automatic control of equipment status prediction, energy scheduling, and the protection mechanism based on neural networks and reinforcement learning models. The method dynamically schedules multi-energy supply and energy storage response using multi-source real-time data and monitors the location of underwater equipment to achieve adaptive communication switching. This invention achieves long-term unmanned self-sustaining operation, stable power supply, and intelligent operation and maintenance in deep-sea environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of marine new energy, deep-sea multi-energy complementary power supply, self-sustaining marine base stations, integrated air-space-ground-sea underwater acoustic satellite communication and marine intelligent operation and maintenance technology, and in particular to a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system and method that integrates wave, wind and solar energy. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as deep-sea marine monitoring, underwater robot operations, remote island and reef guarding, and marine Internet of Things, the demand for the construction of an integrated air-space-ground-sea marine observation network continues to increase. As the core carrier for marine energy supply, underwater and surface signal relay, and marine environmental perception, the application scale of deep-sea self-sustaining offshore base stations is expanding year by year.

[0003] Existing platforms are primarily monolithic semi-submersible floating hulls. For example, CN119872787A integrates wave power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and energy storage into a single floating hull. Its main body is a hexagonal semi-submersible structure, consisting of radial main floating pipes, trusses, auxiliary floating pipes, and wave-damping plates. This design aims to address the problems of weak wind and wave resistance and low energy density of traditional offshore photovoltaic platforms. The platform uses a truss structure to elevate the photovoltaic panels to reduce wave impact, utilizes wave-damping plates to dissipate wave energy, and converts the platform's wave-driven motion into electrical energy through kinetic energy generation components.

[0004] CN109951137A discloses a self-protecting offshore wind-solar hybrid power generation device, whose core innovation lies in a purely mechanical self-protection system. The device uses wind power to drive a rotating shaft, utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to lift a pendulum. This, in turn, automatically retracts the solar panels into grooves within the casing via a linkage mechanism, thus protecting the solar panels from damage during strong winds. When the wind weakens, the solar panels automatically deploy to generate electricity. However, the device lacks wind speed sensor-based electronic control logic, relying solely on passive wind load for drive. This makes it impossible to accurately set a cutoff wind speed threshold of 25 m / s, limiting its applicability to small, micro-drag wind turbines and making it unsuitable for large, lift-type vertical-axis wind turbines.

[0005] CN110445182A discloses a floating wind-solar-storage DC system using a floating wind measurement platform. This system employs a ring DC bus topology, with the power generation units connected to the bus via solid-state circuit breakers. The energy storage side is configured with two sets of equivalent energy storage sub-units, connected via bidirectional DC / DC converters. In terms of control strategy, it adopts droop control based on virtual resistance and a SOC (State of Charge) balancing strategy. By adjusting the converter output impedance, it achieves precise power distribution and bus voltage stability, constructing a two-stage microgrid system that coordinates power generation, energy storage, and load operation, effectively improving power supply reliability and energy management flexibility.

[0006] The existing monitoring platform has a limited number of sensors, collecting only basic parameters such as voltage and wind speed, which cannot fully cover more than a hundred operational indicators for equipment, sea conditions, energy storage, and communication. The main control chip has low computing power, making it difficult to run neural network prediction and reinforcement learning scheduling algorithms simultaneously. The land-based terminal only supports viewing basic data and lacks dynamic visualization interfaces, equipment life prediction, and predictive maintenance early warning functions. Fault diagnosis relies on manual inspections at sea.

[0007] In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of dual-ship self-sustaining deep-sea intelligent marine base station that integrates multiple energy sources, provides adaptive protection, supports dual-mode communication relay, integrates hybrid energy storage, and features intelligent autonomous control.

[0008] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only for understanding the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main objective of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the aforementioned background technology and provide a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system and method that integrates wave, wind, and solar energy.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station powered by integrated wave, wind, and solar energy, comprising: A twin-ship semi-submersible platform, with the two platforms rigidly connected by a connecting structure, serves as the foundation for a marine base station; Wave energy generation units are deployed on the twin-ship semi-submersible platform to capture wave energy and convert it into electrical energy; The wind power generation unit is deployed on the twin-ship semi-submersible platform to capture wind energy and convert it into electrical energy; Photovoltaic power generation units are installed on the deck area of ​​the twin-ship semi-submersible platform to capture solar energy and convert it into electrical energy; An environmental adaptive protection mechanism is set up corresponding to the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit respectively, and is used to automatically retract or cover the corresponding power generation unit in extreme sea conditions to avoid the impact of wind and waves. An energy transfer unit is integrated inside the pontoon of the dual-ship semi-submersible platform. It includes a DC bus and a hybrid energy storage module. The electrical energy generated by each power generation unit is converted and fed into the DC bus, and bidirectionally connected to the hybrid energy storage module. The integrated energy management unit is communicatively connected to the energy transfer unit and each power generation unit, and is used to dynamically optimize the output ratio of wave energy, wind energy, and photovoltaic energy, as well as the charging and discharging strategy of the hybrid energy storage module. The signal relay unit, fixed on the dual-ship semi-submersible platform, integrates a Beidou satellite communication module and an underwater acoustic communication module, which is used to realize the mutual conversion between surface satellite signals and underwater acoustic signals and automatic dual-mode switching. The intelligent central control unit is integrated inside the pontoon of the dual-ship semi-submersible platform. It is equipped with multiple sensor nodes to collect operational data and perform automatic control of equipment status prediction, energy scheduling, and protection mechanisms based on neural networks and reinforcement learning models.

[0011] An operation method for a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station based on wave-wind-solar fusion power supply includes: The system collects real-time sea condition and environmental data and equipment operating parameters through multiple sensor nodes deployed on the base station. Wave energy, wind energy and photovoltaic energy are used to carry out multi-energy integration and complementary power generation, and the energy is fed into the hybrid energy storage module through the DC bus of the energy transfer unit; The integrated energy management unit dynamically schedules the output ratio of the power generation unit and the charging and discharging strategy of the hybrid energy storage module based on the current power generation capacity, energy storage charge status and load demand, using a reinforcement learning algorithm that includes experience playback, decay exploration, transfer learning and hierarchical priority control, in order to maintain the balance between energy supply and demand. When the ambient wind speed reaches the cut-out wind speed threshold or when facing extreme sea conditions, the intelligent central control unit automatically activates the environmental adaptive protection mechanism to control the wind power generation unit's blades to retract and the photovoltaic power generation unit's protective plate to cover. The signal relay unit monitors the location and status of underwater equipment in real time, and when it detects that the underwater equipment has surfaced to the preset conditions, it automatically switches between the dual-mode link of Beidou satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication within a set short time window to perform relay conversion between surface satellite signals and underwater acoustic signals.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent offshore base station system and method that integrates wave, wind, and solar energy. It aims to overcome multiple shortcomings of existing deep-sea power supply systems, including poor stability, weak resistance to harsh sea conditions, fragmented satellite and underwater acoustic communication, low energy storage efficiency, and a lack of intelligent scheduling and maintenance. By integrating and complementing wave, wind, and solar energy, along with environmentally adaptive physical protection, a three-tiered energy transfer and hybrid energy storage system, BeiDou and underwater acoustic signal relay, and an intelligent central control system, a comprehensive platform capable of long-term unmanned self-sustaining operation in deep-sea environments is constructed, providing stable power supply, reliable communication, and precise maintenance.

[0013] In terms of energy supply, this invention employs a dual-ship semi-submersible platform, fully utilizing the spatiotemporal complementary characteristics of continuous all-weather wave energy output, seasonal wind energy fluctuations, and daytime solar energy output, and relying on a multi-energy integrated complementary power supply structure. Calculation results show that the system's energy density can be increased by 35% after multi-energy coupling, and the power output is increased by 200% compared to a single energy source, maintaining stable output even in severe sea states of level 8. Thanks to its zero-carbon emission characteristics and efficient topology design, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) can be reduced to 1.02 yuan / kWh, a 60.5% reduction compared to the operating cost of traditional diesel generators, significantly reducing the difficulty of deep-sea and offshore maintenance while maintaining economic efficiency.

[0014] In terms of structural protection, this invention incorporates a comprehensive environmental adaptive protection system to address the complex and harsh marine environment of the deep sea. The wind power unit employs a retractable vertical axis wind turbine design with mechanical locking components, which automatically retracts the blades to reduce the swept area when the wind speed exceeds the cut-out threshold. The photovoltaic power generation unit is equipped with a rack and pinion transmission protection structure, which drives the protective plate to move above the photovoltaic modules to form a sealed physical protection under extreme sea conditions. This fully automatic protection mechanism significantly mitigates the impact of strong winds and giant waves on the core power generation equipment, resulting in a significant extension of the overall service life of the equipment and providing strong resistance to salt spray, strong winds, and giant waves.

[0015] In terms of communication support, this invention constructs an integrated air-space-ground-sea communication network. The physical layer innovatively integrates BeiDou BPSK modulated satellite communication and S2C spread-spectrum underwater acoustic communication protocol, and possesses intelligent dual-mode switching capabilities. The system can monitor the status of underwater equipment in real time, and when it detects that underwater equipment has surfaced to a preset condition, it can automatically and smoothly switch communication modes within milliseconds, achieving transparent interoperability and relay transfer between surface satellite signals and underwater acoustic signals.

[0016] In terms of energy management and energy storage scheduling, this invention constructs a three-level energy transfer topology of "power supply end - energy storage device - output end" and creatively proposes a hybrid energy storage architecture that integrates lithium iron phosphate batteries and supercapacitors. This architecture fully leverages the high power density and rapid response of supercapacitors to instantaneous power fluctuations, combined with long-life lithium iron phosphate batteries to achieve large-capacity energy throughput, and utilizes an improved reinforcement learning algorithm in the energy management unit (EMS) to dynamically optimize energy allocation and charging / discharging strategies. Under these combined effects, the hybrid energy storage system achieves an average energy efficiency of 83.5%, an 8.5% improvement over traditional single-battery systems, an overall energy utilization rate increase of 19.2%, and a 33.5% reduction in energy storage cycle losses, significantly improving the system's energy management level.

[0017] In terms of intelligent operation and maintenance and fault early warning, this invention is equipped with a central control system based on the fusion of neural networks and physical models. It collects over a hundred operational indicators in real time by deploying multiple sensor nodes, and preferentially utilizes a dual-layer LSTM network with a Dropout regularization layer to extract sea state and equipment degradation time-series features. Simultaneously, it preferentially introduces the Miner fatigue damage accumulation rule and the Arrhenius temperature acceleration model as physical prior constraints. The neural network prediction results and physical model constraints are weighted and fused to output physically interpretable predictions of remaining equipment life and fault probability distributions. This solution achieves full-cycle intelligent control and dynamic, visualized remote monitoring on land, significantly reducing reliance on traditional manual inspections and effectively ensuring efficient and autonomous operation and maintenance of deep-sea base stations.

[0018] Based on the advantages of multi-energy integration, intelligent regulation and dual-mode communication, this invention has both strong technical versatility and scenario adaptability. It can be widely applied and extended to many scientific research and civilian fields such as energy and communication support for outposts on distant islands and reefs, marine meteorological and ecological environment monitoring, long-term power supply and data transfer for underwater robots, distant-water fishing operation platforms, deep-sea tourism infrastructure, supporting operation and maintenance base stations for deep-sea wind power, and marine Internet of Things sensing nodes. It has broad application prospects and market value.

[0019] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system that integrates wave, wind, and solar energy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram comparing the deployed and retracted states of a vertical axis wind power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working and protection states of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the BeiDou and underwater acoustic signal relay and dual-mode communication switching architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the control logic of the operation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component. Furthermore, a connection can be used for fixing, coupling, or communication.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] This invention aims to address the shortcomings of poor power supply stability in deep-sea environments, equipment vulnerability in harsh sea conditions, fragmented satellite and underwater acoustic communication, and lack of intelligent operation and maintenance. To this end, a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent offshore base station system and method integrating wave, wind, and solar energy is proposed. It adopts a dual-ship semi-submersible platform integrating multi-energy complementary power generation, environmentally adaptive physical protection, three-level hybrid energy storage, and a dual-mode signal relay architecture of Beidou and underwater acoustics. Furthermore, it can rely on neural networks and reinforcement learning algorithms to achieve full-cycle intelligent control, achieving long-term unmanned self-sustaining, stable power supply, and reliable communication in deep-sea environments.

[0030] This invention provides a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent maritime base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy, as shown in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the platform adopts a twin-ship semi-submersible platform structure, with the two platforms rigidly connected by a high-strength, corrosion-resistant truss 4 as the supporting foundation for the offshore base station. In terms of the overall platform layout, the lifting vertical axis wind power generation unit 1 stands in the center of the twin ships, the photovoltaic power generation unit 8 is fixed on the deck of the ship-shaped platform, the signal relay unit 2 is fixed at the front of the large pontoon, and the energy relay unit and intelligent central control unit are housed inside the pentagonal large pontoon 7.

[0031] In terms of energy capture, the wave energy power generation unit adopts a dual-platform symmetrically arranged oscillating water column power generation device, including a front-end guide pontoon 3, an L-shaped air chamber tube 6, a pentagonal large pontoon 7, and an air turbine generator set 9. The guide pontoon 3 and the pentagonal large pontoon 7 guide waves to propagate towards the inlet of the L-shaped air chamber tube 6. The waves cause the semi-submersible platform to move, which in turn causes the water level inside the L-shaped air chamber tube 6 to rise and fall, driving airflow to power the air turbine generator set 9 and generate electricity, thus realizing the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy. Simultaneously, the wind energy power generation unit adopts a lift-type vertical axis wind power generation unit 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this wind power generation unit features a retractable blade mechanism for environmental adaptive protection. This mechanism specifically includes a segmented hollow sleeve-type main shaft (divided into a fixed main shaft 10 and an axially sliding annular sleeve 11). The annular sleeve 11 slides up and down along an axial splined guide rail on the outer wall of the fixed main shaft 10. An X-shaped cross link 12 connects the annular sleeve and each blade for synchronized retraction and extension. A small hydraulic push rod is built into the hub at the bottom of the main shaft to drive the sliding sleeve to slide up and down. A mechanical locking assembly 13, including a spring-loaded L-shaped locking tongue, a limiting slot, and an unlocking fork, is installed at the upper and lower limit positions of the sliding sleeve to achieve rigid locking when the blades are fully retracted. Regarding photovoltaic power generation, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation unit 8 is also equipped with an environmental adaptive protection mechanism 5. This protection mechanism includes a gear 5-3, a rack 5-1, and a protective plate 5-2 driven by a drive motor. The rack 5-1 is fixed parallel to the side of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic power generation unit 8 on the pentagonal large floating box 7. The output shaft of the gear 5-3 is rigidly connected to the protective plate 5-2. When facing extreme sea conditions, the gear 5-3 runs along the rack 5-1 under the drive of the drive motor, causing the protective plate 5-2 to run on the rack 5-1 and move to directly above the photovoltaic power generation unit 8 to form a sealed physical protection.

[0032] In terms of energy management, the energy transfer unit is configured with a three-level energy transfer topology architecture of "power supply end - energy storage unit - output end". With the DC bus as the core, the AC power from each power generation unit is converted from AC to DC, and the DC power is converted from DC to DC before being fed into the DC bus. The hybrid energy storage module is bidirectionally connected to the DC bus and then supplies power to external loads via a DC / AC inverter. The hybrid energy storage module adopts a hybrid architecture of parallel lithium iron phosphate battery packs and supercapacitor packs. The lithium iron phosphate battery packs are used for long-term energy storage, while the supercapacitor packs are used for instantaneous high-power throughput. The integrated energy management unit communicates with each unit and is specifically configured to dynamically optimize the three-energy output ratio and energy storage charging and discharging strategy using a reinforcement learning algorithm. The state vector constructed by this algorithm includes the instantaneous power of each power generation unit, the energy storage state of charge, load demand, intraday time, and seasonal factors; the action vector includes the output adjustment coefficient and the energy storage charging and discharging allocation ratio; and a multi-objective weighted reward function is constructed, consisting of four sub-items: energy utilization efficiency, power supply stability, equipment life protection, and economic efficiency. At the algorithm improvement level, an experience replay mechanism, an exploration strategy with exploration rate decaying with training rounds, historical data transfer learning initialization, and an embedded hierarchical priority control rule layer are set for extreme working conditions to forcibly cut off power supply to non-core loads in order to prioritize the operation of core loads.

[0033] In terms of communication assurance and intelligent operation and maintenance, such as Figure 4 As shown, the signal relay unit 2 integrates a satellite communication module and an underwater acoustic communication module. The physical layer is compatible with BeiDou short message and underwater acoustic communication protocols. It is configured to continuously monitor the position and status of underwater equipment. When the underwater equipment reaches a preset threshold for surfacing, it can automatically complete a smooth dual-mode switch within a set short-term switching window, achieving transparent interoperability and relay of signals between the surface and underwater environments. The intelligent central control unit is equipped with multiple sensor nodes and constructs an equipment fault and lifespan prediction model based on the fusion of neural networks (such as LSTM) and physical models. This model utilizes a sliding time window to collect temporal features including wave height, wave period, wind speed, irradiance, instantaneous power of each unit, energy storage SOC / SOH, vibration acceleration, and temperature field. It extracts evolutionary patterns and maps remaining lifespan and fault probability through, for example, a two-layer LSTM network combined with Dropout regularization. Simultaneously, it introduces the Miner fatigue damage accumulation rule and the Arrhenius temperature acceleration model as physical prior constraints, and finally outputs physically interpretable prediction results through a weighted fusion mechanism.

[0034] This invention also provides a method for operating the above-mentioned base station, the control logic of which is as follows: Figure 5As shown in the diagram. This method first collects sea state data and equipment operating parameters in real time through multiple sensor nodes. The integrated energy management unit compares the total power generation of each renewable energy unit with the actual power consumption of the equipment in real time based on the current power generation, energy storage state of charge, and load demand to determine the system's energy supply and demand relationship. When the total power generation exceeds the equipment power consumption, it further determines whether the real-time storage capacity of the hybrid energy storage module has reached a preset charging high threshold; if it has, the charging circuit of the energy storage module is shut off, and the excess power is directly used to power the equipment; if it has not reached the threshold, the excess power is fed into the hybrid energy storage module for storage. When the total power generation is less than the equipment power consumption, it further determines whether the current storage capacity of the energy storage module meets the platform's normal operating requirements; if it does, the energy storage module outputs power to supplement the gap; if the storage is insufficient, the system automatically switches to an extreme backup mode, cutting off the power supply circuit for non-core loads, retaining only the communication, navigation, and structural monitoring core loads for continuous power supply, while continuously feeding the power generated by the current power generation unit into the energy storage module to avoid battery over-discharge and prioritize the platform's own normal operation. In addition, when the ambient wind speed reaches the cut-out threshold or when facing extreme sea conditions, the intelligent central control unit automatically activates the environmental adaptive protection mechanism to control the wind turbine blades to retract and the photovoltaic protective panel to cover; the signal relay unit automatically switches the dual-mode communication link when it detects that the underwater equipment is surfacing, and performs relay conversion between surface satellite and underwater acoustic signals.

[0035] The following further describes the implementation methods and advantages of specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] A dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent offshore base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar power mainly comprises a dual-ship semi-submersible platform, a wave power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an environmental adaptive protection mechanism, an energy transfer unit, a hybrid energy storage unit, an energy integrated management unit, a signal transfer unit, an intelligent central control unit, and a land-based visual monitoring platform. This base station system comprehensively utilizes a multi-energy integrated power generation layout integrating wave, wind, and solar power; physical protection mechanisms for wind turbines and photovoltaic panels; a three-level energy transfer topology of supply-storage-output; a hybrid energy storage architecture of lithium iron phosphate batteries and supercapacitors; and relay technology for BeiDou and underwater acoustic signals, along with automatic dual-mode switching technology. Furthermore, it leverages a fusion algorithm of LSTM neural networks and reinforcement learning to achieve intelligent central control scheduling and operation and maintenance management.

[0037] Overall main structure The platform adopts a twin-boat semi-submersible structure, with the two platforms spaced apart, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system integrates an oscillating water column wave power generation unit, a lift-type vertical axis wind power generation unit 1, a photovoltaic power generation unit 8, a signal relay unit 2, and an energy relay unit housed inside a large pontoon 7. The two platforms are rigidly connected by a high-strength, corrosion-resistant truss 4. By optimizing the power ratio of the three components, and utilizing the spatiotemporal complementarity of continuous all-weather wave energy output, seasonal wind energy fluctuations, and daytime solar energy output, a balanced all-weather power supply is achieved. The wave energy generation unit is a symmetrically arranged dual-platform oscillating water column OWC device, comprising a pentagonal large pontoon 7, a front-end guide pontoon 3, an L-shaped air chamber tube 6, and an air turbine generator set.

[0038] Environmental Adaptive Protection System For the wind power unit, a retractable vertical axis wind turbine is designed. When the wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the blades automatically retract to reduce the swept area. For the photovoltaic unit, a gear and rack transmission protection structure is set up. In extreme sea conditions, the photovoltaic panels are stored inside the sealed steel plate above the floating box to achieve fully automatic physical protection and avoid damage from wind and waves.

[0039] The operating principle of the retractable vertical axis fan is as follows: The fan main shaft adopts a segmented hollow sleeve structure, consisting of a fixed main shaft 10 and an axially sliding annular sliding sleeve 11. The sliding sleeve slides up and down along the axial spline guide rail on the outer wall of the main shaft. The drive source is a small hydraulic push rod built into the hub at the bottom of the main shaft. The output end of the hydraulic push rod is rigidly connected to the annular sliding sleeve. The extension and retraction of the push rod directly drives the sliding sleeve to slide up and down along the spline guide rail of the main shaft, simultaneously pulling all X-shaped cross linkages 12 to retract and extend all blades, ensuring that the multi-blade movement is synchronized and without deviation. Mechanical locking components 13 are respectively set at the upper and lower limit positions of the sliding sleeve. The mechanical locking components consist of a spring-push L-shaped locking tongue, a limit slot, and an unlocking fork. After the blades are fully retracted, the sliding sleeve slides down to the lower limit position, and the locking tongue automatically engages with the annular limit slot on the outer wall of the main shaft under the spring force, realizing the rigid locking of the sliding sleeve and the main shaft.

[0040] When the real-time wind speed reaches or exceeds the cut-out wind speed, or when equipment maintenance is required, the intelligent central control system first determines the situation through the wind speed sensor and issues a retraction command. Subsequently, the wind turbine, through its built-in blade retraction device and intelligent mechanical transmission system, causes the blades to automatically retract or fold along the main axis, thereby significantly reducing the swept area and windward load. This is to avoid damage to the blades, main shaft, and transmission mechanism caused by strong winds or giant waves, achieving equipment self-protection in extreme environments. When the wind speed drops to a safe range (below the cut-out wind speed), the control system automatically drives the blades to re-deploy, restoring the normal power generation state, without any manual intervention throughout the process.

[0041] Based on the environmental adaptive protection mechanism 5, under normal sea conditions, the protective plate 5-2 is concealed inside the large pontoon 7. Under extreme sea conditions, the protection mechanism 5 is activated. Its operating principle is as follows: the output shaft of gear 5-3 is connected to the protective plate 5-2, and driven by a motor, it runs on rack 5-1. Gear 5-3 moves the protective plate 5-2 to directly above the photovoltaic power generation unit 8 to provide protection. When the extreme sea conditions end, driven by the motor, gear 5-3 moves the protective plate 5-2 on rack 5-1, moving it into the large pontoon 7.

[0042] Three-level energy transfer and hybrid energy storage system A three-tiered energy architecture is constructed, consisting of an energy supply unit, an energy storage unit, and an output unit. The electrical energy from each power generation unit is converted from AC to DC and then to DC to feed into the DC bus. The bus is bidirectionally connected to the energy storage module, which then supplies power to the load via a DC / AC inverter. The energy storage adopts a hybrid architecture combining lithium iron phosphate battery packs and supercapacitor packs. The lithium batteries are responsible for long-term energy storage, while the supercapacitors are responsible for instantaneous high-power throughput to match the fluctuations in offshore loads.

[0043] Integrated Energy Management System (EMS) The system is configured with normal operation mode and power-limited mode. When the power generation is sufficient, it prioritizes direct power supply to the load and uses surplus power to charge the energy storage. When the power generation is insufficient, the energy storage will supplement the power gap. In extreme conditions, only the core loads of communication, navigation, and structural monitoring are retained. An improved Q-learning reinforcement learning algorithm is used to dynamically optimize the power output ratio of the three energy sources and the charging and discharging strategy.

[0044] Beidou and underwater acoustic integrated signal relay unit It integrates BeiDou BPSK modulation satellite communication and S2C spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication; the physical layer is compatible with BeiDou short message and underwater acoustic communication protocols, realizing mutual conversion between surface satellite signals and underwater acoustic signals; it supports reliable long-distance underwater communication, can detect the surfacing position of underwater equipment, and automatically switch communication modes in milliseconds.

[0045] Intelligent central control and land-based visualization platform Equipped with a core processor, the system deploys sensor nodes to collect operational parameters, covering four major categories of indicators: power generation, energy storage status, equipment health, and sea conditions. It preferentially employs an LSTM neural network and physical model fusion architecture to predict equipment faults and status. The LSTM network input features include key time-series parameters such as significant wave height, wave period, wind speed, wind direction, irradiance, power of each power generation unit, battery SOC / SOH, charging and discharging current, equipment vibration acceleration, and temperature field distribution. A sliding time window mechanism is used to capture historical evolution patterns (the window length covers typical sea condition cycles). The network structure preferably uses a two-layer LSTM unit combined with a Dropout regularization layer to prevent overfitting. The output layer is mapped to the predicted remaining lifespan of the equipment and the fault probability distribution via a fully connected layer. The physical model layer introduces Miner's fatigue damage accumulation rule and the Arrhenius temperature acceleration model as prior constraints, and improves the physical interpretability of the prediction results through a weighted fusion mechanism. A supporting onshore dynamic visualization monitoring platform is provided to enable remote data viewing, parameter adjustment, and predictive maintenance.

[0046] Based on the above system architecture and operating principle, the following, combined with specific implementation parameters and typical test environments, further illustrates the unit configuration, system operating efficiency, and practical application effects of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] The overall structure and power distribution layout of the dual-ship semi-submersible wave, wind, and solar multi-energy integrated complementary power supply system: It adopts an oscillating water column wave energy device, a vertical axis wind power generation unit, and bifacial double-glass photovoltaic modules for integrated complementary power supply. The overall structure consists of two ship-shaped semi-submersible platforms connected together, with the wind turbine standing in the center of the two ships. The photovoltaic modules are fixed on the decks of the two ship platforms, the signal relay unit is fixed at the front of the large buoy, and the energy relay unit and intelligent central control are installed inside the large buoy.

[0048] An environmentally adaptive protection system for retractable vertical axis wind turbines combined with a photovoltaic power generation unit protection structure: In order to reduce the damage to equipment above the platform (vertical axis wind turbines, photovoltaic modules, etc.) caused by extreme sea conditions, the vertical axis wind turbine is designed to be retractable. When the wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the blades retract to protect the wind turbine. At the same time, an automatic protection structure is set for the photovoltaic power generation unit. When the structure is in operation, a protective plate is activated to cover the photovoltaic modules above the deck to provide protection.

[0049] A three-tiered energy transfer topology—power supply, energy storage, and output—and a hybrid energy storage architecture combining lithium iron phosphate batteries and supercapacitors: This structure constructs a three-tiered energy topology: power generation conversion to DC bus, EMS transfer and regulation, and inverter output. It employs a hybrid energy storage architecture of lithium iron phosphate batteries and supercapacitors. The supercapacitors utilize their high power density for rapid response to instantaneous power fluctuations, while the long-life lithium iron phosphate batteries enable large-capacity energy throughput. Under the hierarchical priority control of the EMS, efficient bidirectional energy regulation with a charge / discharge efficiency of 95% is achieved.

[0050] A system compatible with BeiDou satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication protocols, featuring signal relay and automatic dual-mode switching: This system constructs an integrated air-space-ground-sea communication network. The physical layer is compatible with BeiDou BPSK modulation and underwater acoustic S2C spread spectrum technology, achieving seamless integration of BeiDou short message service and underwater acoustic communication. The system possesses intelligent dual-mode switching capabilities; when underwater equipment is detected surfacing, it can smoothly switch communication modes within a short time, helping to solve the problem of communication blind spots in deep-sea areas.

[0051] A preferred intelligent central control system for energy scheduling and fault prediction at offshore base stations, based on LSTM neural networks and Q-learning reinforcement learning, is developed. This system integrates LSTM neural networks with a physical model, collecting over a hundred operational data points in real time via multiple sensor nodes. For energy scheduling, an improved Q-learning reinforcement learning algorithm is used to dynamically optimize the ratio of wave, wind, and solar energy, as well as energy storage charging and discharging strategies. The specific implementation is as follows: The state vector consists of eight features, including the instantaneous power of wave energy, wind energy, and photovoltaic energy, the state of charge (SOC) of lithium batteries and supercapacitors, the load power demand, the time of day (0-23h), and the seasonal factors (spring / summer / autumn / winter). The state space is discretized to form a finite state set. The action vector consists of five control variables, including the three-energy output adjustment coefficient (0-1 continuous value, discretized into multiple levels), the energy storage charging power allocation ratio, and the energy storage discharging power allocation ratio; Employing a multi-objective weighted reward function: in Incentives for energy efficiency (actual load power supply / total power generation). As a reward for power supply stability (a negative penalty for load power outage time). Incentives for equipment lifespan protection (negative penalties for battery charge / discharge depth and fan start / stop count). For economic incentives (positive incentives for prioritizing the use of renewable energy), the weighting coefficient is... Dynamically adjust according to the operating mode; Algorithm improvement strategies: Compared to the standard Q-learning algorithm, this system implements the following improvements: ① An experience replay mechanism is introduced, constructing a large-capacity experience pool to store state transition samples (s, a, r, s'). During training, small batches are randomly sampled for Q-value updates, breaking the temporal correlation of samples to improve convergence stability; ② An ε-greedy dynamic exploration strategy is adopted, with the initial exploration rate ε set to a high value, which decays exponentially to a lower threshold with each training round, balancing early exploration and later utilization; ③ A hierarchical priority control rule layer is embedded, which enforces a safety net strategy (only retaining communication and navigation loads) for extreme conditions (such as SOC below the safety threshold and insufficient power generation), avoiding decision-making errors in rare states by pure reinforcement learning; ④ The Q-table is pre-trained using historical operating data or simulation data to achieve transfer learning initialization, avoiding the long convergence process of learning from scratch. In predictive maintenance, an LSTM neural network is used to construct a model for predicting equipment failure and lifespan, capturing equipment performance degradation trends through multi-sensor time-series data. During the testing and verification phase, long-term operational tests were conducted in a laboratory scaled-down model and numerical simulation environment based on typical South China Sea sea state data, achieving a high level of accuracy in equipment condition prediction. This intelligent central control system effectively improves system energy utilization and reduces energy storage cycle losses, ensuring intelligent control and precise operation and maintenance of the base station throughout its entire lifecycle.

[0052] Experimental Example The platform has a total installed capacity of 350kW, including a wave energy unit with a rated power of 200kW, a vertical axis wind turbine unit with a rated power of 100kW, and a photovoltaic unit with a rated power of 50kW.

[0053] The dual-ship platform adopts a semi-submersible platform design, with each platform measuring 25m × 10m × 8m and a design draft of 5m. The lateral clearance between the two platforms is 5m. Wave energy is generated using an oscillating water column type OWC device, consisting of an L-shaped air chamber tube, a pentagonal buoy, a turbine, and a generator set. Wave action causes the water level inside the L-shaped air chamber tube to rise and fall, driving airflow in the air chamber to power the turbine and generate electricity. The main OWC air chamber buoy is 4m high, the front guide buoy is 1m high, and the seawater opening cross-section of the L-shaped tube is 10m × 4m. Based on typical sea conditions in the South China Sea (significant wave height 2m, energy period 7s), the total wave-catching width of the dual-ship platform is designed to be 70m, matching the inherent oscillation frequency of the OWC air chamber with the wave energy period of the sea area. The theoretical wave energy input power is 960kW, and with a 20% energy conversion efficiency, the stable output power of the wave energy unit can reach 200kW.

[0054] The wind power unit adopts a lift-type vertical axis wind power generation unit with a main shaft height of 20m, a blade vertical height of 15m, and a rotation radius of 7m, eliminating the need for a yaw structure; it has a built-in blade retraction drive device that automatically retracts the blades when the wind speed exceeds 25m / s and the cutoff wind speed is reached.

[0055] The photovoltaic unit uses N-type i-TOPCon double-sided double-glass salt spray resistant photovoltaic panels, with a single panel power of 710W, and a total of 70 panels are laid out at an installation tilt angle of 20°; it is equipped with gear and rack drive and drive motor, which drives the steel plate to slide above the photovoltaic panel to form a sealed protection under extreme sea conditions.

[0056] The energy transfer unit is centered on the DC bus, with photovoltaic, wind power, and wave energy rectified and stabilized before being fed into the bus. The energy storage configuration includes two 500kWh lithium iron phosphate battery packs and a 10kWh supercapacitor pack. The battery cycle life is over 5000 cycles, and the supercapacitor power density exceeds 10kW / kg with a response time of less than 10ms.

[0057] The Energy Management System (EMS) collects the instantaneous power and load power consumption of each power generation unit in real time, and divides the operation into three logics: normal, power-limited, and extreme minimum. It dynamically adjusts the charging and discharging and multi-energy output allocation through an improved Q-learning algorithm.

[0058] The signal relay unit is equipped with a Beidou short message module and a 48-78kHz underwater acoustic communication device. The Beidou uses BPSK modulation, and the underwater acoustic uses S2C spread spectrum technology. The underwater robot is set to float up to a 2m threshold, and the satellite / underwater acoustic communication mode is automatically switched within 150ms.

[0059] The intelligent central control unit is based on the ARM Cortex-A72, with 40 sensor nodes collecting operating data every 10ms. It builds a fault and life prediction model based on LSTM neural network, and is equipped with a land-based visualization platform to realize remote monitoring, parameter configuration and early warning operation and maintenance.

[0060] Performance and Effect Energy advantages: After multi-energy coupling, the system's energy density is increased by 35%, and the power output is increased by 200% compared to a single energy source. It can still output stably in sea state 8. The comprehensive levelized cost of electricity is reduced to RMB 1.02 / kWh, which is 60.5% lower than the operating cost of traditional diesel power generation. It has zero carbon emissions and low operation and maintenance costs.

[0061] Structural protection advantages: Automatic operation to protect core equipment under extreme sea conditions, with an expected 40% extension of the overall equipment lifespan. It is highly adaptable to salt spray, strong winds, and giant waves, making it suitable for long-term deployment in deep-sea areas.

[0062] Communication advantages: The dual-mode switching between Beidou communication and underwater acoustic communication has a short latency and a success rate of 99.6%, eliminating communication blind spots in deep and remote sea areas.

[0063] Advantages of energy storage dispatch: The average energy efficiency of the hybrid energy storage system reaches 83.5%, which is 8.5% higher than that of the traditional single battery; the overall energy utilization rate is increased by 19.2%, the energy storage cycle loss is reduced by 33.5%, and the instantaneous power response speed is fast.

[0064] Advantages of intelligent operation and maintenance: The equipment status prediction system based on the fusion of LSTM neural network and physical model is tested in numerical simulation based on typical sea state data (significant wave height 0.5-5m, wind speed 0-25m / s). The accuracy of equipment status prediction will vary due to factors such as the characteristics of the actual deployment sea environment, equipment configuration parameters, and load characteristics. On-site measurement and calibration are required during the engineering prototype stage. It realizes unmanned self-sufficient operation, full-cycle intelligent control and remote visual operation and maintenance on land, which greatly reduces the cost of manual inspection and maintenance.

[0065] Alternative variation scheme The platform structure can be replaced with a parallel structure of three or more ships, adapting to different sea areas, installation power and deployment scenarios. The wave energy generation unit can be replaced with a float-type or raft-type wave energy conversion device, and the wind turbine can be replaced with a horizontal axis wind turbine. The transmission mechanism for photovoltaic and wind turbine protection can use hydraulic transmission or screw transmission instead of gear and rack transmission; The intelligent central control scheduling algorithm can be replaced by similar optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms and deep reinforcement learning; The communication system can be expanded to be compatible with maritime 5G and shortwave communication, enabling multi-standard signal fusion and relay.

[0066] The specific dimensions of the platform, the specific model parameters of the wind turbine and photovoltaic panels, the number of sensors deployed, the specific hyperparameters of the algorithm, the layout of the onshore visualization platform interface, and additional communication standards.

[0067] In summary, this invention proposes a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent offshore base station and method for wave, wind, and solar integrated power supply. It innovatively adopts a dual-ship semi-submersible platform structure and deeply integrates a multi-energy complementary power generation layout combining wave, wind, and solar power. By equipping it with a retractable vertical axis wind turbine and a rack-and-pinion driven photovoltaic protection mechanism, it effectively solves the problem of equipment vulnerability under strong winds and waves. Relying on a three-level energy transfer topology of "power supply end-energy storage-output end" and a hybrid energy storage architecture combining lithium iron phosphate batteries and supercapacitors, it significantly improves energy utilization efficiency and instantaneous power response capability. Utilizing dual-mode signal relay technology of satellite communication and underwater acoustics, as well as an intelligent central control system integrating neural networks and physical models, it achieves full-cycle fault prediction and autonomous scheduling in deep-sea environments. This system not only solves the existing defects of poor power supply stability in deep-sea environments, the disconnect between satellite and underwater acoustic communication, and the lack of intelligent operation and maintenance, but also possesses self-sustaining survivability under harsh sea conditions and ultra-low operation and maintenance costs. Based on the aforementioned outstanding advantages of multi-energy complementarity, intelligent regulation and high reliability, this invention can be applied to various scientific research and civilian applications, such as energy and communication support for outposts on distant islands and reefs, marine meteorological and ecological environment monitoring, long-term power supply and data transfer for underwater robots, distant-water fishing operation platforms, deep-sea tourism infrastructure, supporting operation and maintenance base stations for deep-sea wind power, and marine Internet of Things sensing nodes.

[0068] The above description provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various substitutions or modifications can be made to these described embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the reference to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicates that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. A dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy, characterized in that, include: A twin-ship semi-submersible platform, with the two platforms rigidly connected by a connecting structure, serves as the foundation for a marine base station; Wave energy generation units are deployed on the twin-ship semi-submersible platform to capture wave energy and convert it into electrical energy; The wind power generation unit is deployed on the twin-ship semi-submersible platform to capture wind energy and convert it into electrical energy; Photovoltaic power generation units are installed on the deck area of ​​the twin-ship semi-submersible platform to capture solar energy and convert it into electrical energy; An environmental adaptive protection mechanism is set up corresponding to the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit respectively, and is used to automatically retract or cover the corresponding power generation unit in extreme sea conditions to avoid the impact of wind and waves. An energy transfer unit is integrated inside the pontoon of the dual-ship semi-submersible platform. It includes a DC bus and a hybrid energy storage module. The electrical energy generated by each power generation unit is converted and fed into the DC bus, and bidirectionally connected to the hybrid energy storage module. The integrated energy management unit is communicatively connected to the energy transfer unit and each power generation unit, and is used to dynamically optimize the output ratio of wave energy, wind energy, and photovoltaic energy, as well as the charging and discharging strategy of the hybrid energy storage module. The signal relay unit, fixed on the dual-ship semi-submersible platform, integrates a satellite communication module and an underwater acoustic communication module, which is used to realize the mutual conversion between surface satellite signals and underwater acoustic signals and automatic dual-mode switching. The intelligent central control unit is integrated inside the pontoon of the dual-ship semi-submersible platform. It is equipped with multiple sensor nodes to collect operational data and perform automatic control of equipment status prediction, energy scheduling, and protection mechanisms based on neural networks and reinforcement learning models.

2. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The twin-ship semi-submersible platform consists of two spaced-apart ship-shaped semi-submersible platforms rigidly connected by a high-strength, corrosion-resistant truss. The wave energy power generation unit is an oscillating water column power generation device with dual platforms arranged symmetrically. Each oscillating water column power generation device includes a front-end guide small buoy, an L-shaped air chamber tube, a pentagonal large buoy, and an air turbine generator set. The guide small buoy and the pentagonal large buoy guide the waves to propagate towards the inlet of the L-shaped air chamber tube. The waves cause the semi-submersible platform to move and cause the water level in the L-shaped air chamber tube to rise and fall, driving the airflow to drive the air turbine generator set to generate electricity.

3. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wind power generation unit is a lift-type vertical axis wind power generation unit, and the environmental adaptive protection mechanism is a retractable blade mechanism of the vertical axis wind power generation unit, which includes: The segmented hollow sleeve type spindle is divided into a fixed spindle section and an axially sliding annular sliding sleeve. The annular sliding sleeve slides up and down along the axial spline guide rail opened on the outer wall of the fixed spindle section. The X-shaped cross link connects the annular sliding sleeve to each blade, and is used to synchronously drive all blades to retract and expand when the annular sliding sleeve slides. A drive push rod is located inside the bottom hub of the fixed spindle section, and its output end is rigidly connected to the annular sliding sleeve, which is used to drive the annular sliding sleeve to slide up and down along the spindle. A mechanical locking assembly is provided at the upper and lower limit positions of the sliding sleeve to achieve rigid locking between the annular sliding sleeve and the fixed main shaft section when the blade is fully retracted.

4. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The environmental adaptive protection mechanism of the photovoltaic power generation unit includes a drive motor, a rack, a gear, and a protective plate. The rack is fixed parallel to the side of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic power generation unit on the pentagonal floating box. The output shaft of the gear is rigidly connected to the protective plate. Driven by the drive motor, the gear runs along the rack, moving the protective plate to directly above the photovoltaic power generation unit to form a sealed physical protection.

5. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy transfer unit is configured with a three-level energy transfer topology architecture of "power supply end - energy storage unit - output end". The hybrid energy storage module is a hybrid architecture of lithium iron phosphate battery pack and supercapacitor pack connected in parallel. The lithium iron phosphate battery pack is used for long-term energy storage, and the supercapacitor pack is used for instantaneous high-power throughput. The AC power of each power generation unit is converted into AC / DC power and the DC power is converted into DC power before being fed into the DC bus. The energy storage module is bidirectionally connected to the DC bus, and the DC bus then supplies power to the external load through a DC / AC inverter.

6. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management unit is configured to execute an improved reinforcement learning algorithm to dynamically optimize the power generation unit output ratio and the charging and discharging strategy of the hybrid energy storage module, specifically by performing the following steps: (a) Obtain the instantaneous power of each renewable energy generation unit, the state of charge of the energy storage module, the load power demand, the time of day and seasonal factors to construct a state vector, and discretize the state vector into a finite set of states; (b) Generate an action vector containing the output adjustment coefficient of each power generation unit, the energy storage charging power allocation ratio and the energy storage discharging power allocation ratio, and discretize the action vector into multi-level control commands; (c) Construct a multi-objective weighted reward function, which consists of four sub-items: energy utilization efficiency reward, power supply stability reward, equipment life protection reward, and economic reward. Each sub-item is configured with a weight coefficient that is dynamically adjusted according to the current operating mode of the system, so as to evaluate and output the optimal control action based on the reward function. (d) During the model training process, an experience replay mechanism is introduced to construct an experience pool to store state transition samples and randomly sample small batches of samples for value evaluation updates; at the same time, a dynamic exploration strategy in which the exploration rate decays exponentially with the training rounds is adopted; and historical running data or simulation data are used to pre-train the value evaluation model to complete the transfer learning initialization. (e) Set up an embedded hierarchical priority control rule layer. When the system is detected to be in extreme conditions, force it to exceed the normal reinforcement learning decision and execute the bottom-line operation strategy to cut off the power supply of non-core loads in order to prioritize the continuous operation of core loads.

7. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal relay unit integrates a satellite communication module and an underwater acoustic communication module, and its physical layer is compatible with BeiDou short message and underwater acoustic communication protocols. The signal relay unit is configured to continuously monitor the position status of underwater equipment. When the underwater equipment is detected to rise to a preset position threshold, it automatically completes a smooth dual-mode switch between satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication within a set short-term switching window to achieve transparent interoperability and relay of surface signals and underwater acoustic signals.

8. The dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system integrating wave, wind, and solar energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent central control unit constructs a device fault and lifespan prediction model based on the fusion of neural networks and physical models, and its specific configuration is as follows: (a) Acquire time-series operation data collected by multiple sensors, and construct a sliding time window based on the time-series operation data to cover typical sea state cycles and capture the trend of equipment performance degradation. The time-series operation data includes environmental parameters, operation parameters of each power generation unit, status parameters of energy storage module and status parameters of the equipment itself. (b) Input the temporal feature vector within the sliding time window into the neural network model, extract the spatiotemporal evolution law through the neural network model, and map and output the predicted value of the remaining life of the equipment and the failure probability distribution; (c) Introduce a physical model layer, based on the preset fatigue damage accumulation law and temperature acceleration model as a priori physical constraints, to quantitatively evaluate the equipment degradation trend at the physical level. as well as (d) Construct a weighted fusion mechanism to perform weighted fusion calculations on the prediction results output by the neural network model and the prior constraints of the physical model layer, and output the final fault prediction and life assessment results with physical interpretability.

9. An operation method for a dual-ship self-sustaining intelligent marine base station system based on the wave, wind, and solar multi-energy fusion of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The system collects real-time sea condition and environmental data and equipment operating parameters through multiple sensor nodes deployed on the base station. Wave energy, wind energy and photovoltaic energy are used to carry out multi-energy integration and complementary power generation, and the energy is fed into the hybrid energy storage module through the DC bus of the energy transfer unit; The integrated energy management unit uses reinforcement learning algorithms to dynamically schedule the output ratio of the power generation unit and the charging and discharging strategy of the hybrid energy storage module based on the current power generation capacity, energy storage state of charge and load demand, in order to maintain the balance between energy supply and demand. When the ambient wind speed reaches the cut-out wind speed threshold or when facing extreme sea conditions, the intelligent central control unit automatically activates the environmental adaptive protection mechanism to control the wind power generation unit's blades to retract and the photovoltaic power generation unit's protective plate to cover. The signal relay unit monitors the location and status of underwater equipment in real time, and when it detects that the underwater equipment has surfaced to the preset conditions, it automatically switches between satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication dual-mode links within a set short window to perform relay conversion between surface satellite signals and underwater acoustic signals.

10. The operating method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The process of dynamically scheduling the energy storage charging and discharging strategy by the energy integrated management unit includes: (a) Compare the total power generation of each renewable energy unit with the actual power consumption of the equipment in real time to determine the energy supply and demand relationship of the system; (b) When the total power generation is greater than the power consumption of the equipment, it is further determined whether the real-time power storage capacity of the hybrid energy storage module has reached the preset charging high threshold; if it has, the charging circuit of the energy storage module is turned off and the excess power is directly used to power the equipment; if it has not reached, the excess power is fed into the hybrid energy storage module for storage. (c) When the total power generation is less than the power consumption of the equipment, further determine whether the current power storage capacity of the hybrid energy storage module meets the power demand for normal operation of the platform; if it does, control the energy storage module to output power to supplement the power gap of the equipment. (d) When the total power generation is less than the power consumption of the equipment and the current power storage capacity of the hybrid energy storage module is insufficient to meet the normal operation requirements of the platform, the system automatically switches to the extreme backup mode, cuts off the power supply circuit of non-core loads, and only retains the core loads of communication, navigation and structural monitoring to continue to supply power. At the same time, the power generated by each power generation unit is continuously fed into the energy storage module to avoid battery over-discharge and prioritize the normal operation of the platform itself.

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