Hauling machine, elevator system, rope pulley maintenance method and assembly method

Abstract

This disclosure provides a traction machine, an elevator system, a sheave maintenance method, and an assembly method. The traction machine is used in an elevator system and includes: a housing; a shaft partially disposed within the housing and extending axially outward through the housing; a first rolling bearing and a second rolling bearing sleeved on the shaft; and a sheave disposed within the housing and wound around the shaft. The sheave connects the elevator system's ropes, which connect the elevator car and counterweight. The sheave is positioned between the first and second rolling bearings. The traction machine according to embodiments of this disclosure has numerous advantages, including balanced force distribution, good stability, low vibration and noise, long service life, and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of traction machines, and more specifically, to a traction machine, an elevator system, a sheave maintenance method, and an assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] This section aims to provide background information relevant to understanding the various techniques described herein. As the title of this section implies, this is a discussion of related techniques that should in no way imply that they are necessarily prior art. Therefore, it should be understood that any statement in this section should be read in this context, rather than as an admission of any prior art.

[0003] In some embodiments, the structure of a roomless pencil-type slender traction machine is a cantilever beam structure. Cantilever beam traction machines are a common form, easy to manufacture and assemble, and allow for easy replacement of sheaves on-site. However, such traction machines can be larger and heavier, have limitations in width, and require larger bearings due to the characteristics of the cantilever beam. Furthermore, the motor is also larger due to its internal rotor motor type. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to solve or at least alleviate the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect, a traction machine for an elevator system is provided, wherein the traction machine comprises:

[0006] case;

[0007] A rotating shaft, which is partially arranged within the housing and extends axially outward through the housing;

[0008] The first rolling bearing and the second rolling bearing are sleeved on the rotating shaft;

[0009] A sheave, disposed within the housing and wound around the pivot, is used to connect the ropes of the elevator system, which in turn connect the elevator car and the counterweight of the elevator system.

[0010] The rope pulley is arranged between the first rolling bearing and the second rolling bearing.

[0011] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the traction machine further includes a stator with coils and a rotor wheel with magnets. The end face of the housing is provided with an axially inwardly extending support portion. The stator is sleeved on the support portion, the rotor wheel is sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the rope wheel, and the magnet is wound around the stator.

[0012] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the traction machine further includes an end cover, which is snap-fitted to the housing. The first rolling bearing is radially disposed between the end cover and the rotating shaft and axially disposed within the end cover. The second rolling bearing is radially disposed between the housing and the rotating shaft and axially disposed within the housing.

[0013] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the traction machine further includes a coil brake, which includes a friction disc and a moving plate. The friction disc is sleeved on the rotating shaft and splinedly connected to the rotating shaft. When the coil brake is energized, the friction disc is spaced apart from the moving plate. When the coil brake is not energized, the friction disc rubs against the moving plate.

[0014] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the end face of the rope wheel is provided with a rope wheel through hole, the end face of the rotor wheel is provided with a rotor wheel blind hole, the rope wheel through hole is aligned with the rotor wheel blind hole, and the threaded fastener of the traction machine passes through the rope wheel through hole and extends into the rotor wheel blind hole.

[0015] Optionally, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the traction machine further includes an encoder, which is plugged into the end face of the rotating shaft, and the encoder is used to measure the rotational speed of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the end face of the housing facing the end cap is provided with a first stepped portion, and the end cap is engaged with the first stepped portion.

[0017] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the support portion is configured with a second stepped portion, the end of the rotating shaft opposite to the first rolling bearing is configured with a third stepped portion, and the second rolling bearing is radially disposed between the second stepped portion and the third stepped portion.

[0018] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the end of the rotor wheel facing the rope wheel is constructed as a frame structure, the frame structure including an axially extending hollow column and ribs extending radially outward from the hollow column to the inner circumferential surface of the rotor wheel, the shaft is constructed with a fourth step portion, and the hollow column abuts against the fourth step portion.

[0019] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the end of the shaft facing the first rolling bearing is provided with a fifth step portion, and the first rolling bearing abuts against the fifth step portion.

[0020] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the end cap includes an end cap body and a receiving portion extending axially inward and outward relative to the end cap body. The portion of the receiving portion extending radially outward relative to the end cap body extends radially toward the pivot. The first rolling bearing is disposed within the receiving portion. The end cap also includes a snap-fit ​​portion extending axially inward from the end cap body, the snap-fit ​​portion being snap-fitted to the housing.

[0021] According to another aspect, an elevator system is provided, wherein the elevator system includes any of the above-mentioned traction machines.

[0022] According to another aspect, a method for maintaining the rope sheave of a traction machine as described above is provided, wherein the method for maintaining the rope sheave includes the following steps:

[0023] A bolt is inserted into the rotor wheel through the housing;

[0024] Remove the end cap;

[0025] Loosen the threaded fastener;

[0026] The top rod of the rope wheel maintenance tool is abutted against the end face of the rotating shaft;

[0027] The connecting bolt of the rope wheel maintenance tool is connected to the maintenance opening on the end face of the rope wheel, and the connecting bolt abuts against the end face of the rotor wheel through the maintenance opening;

[0028] Rotate the top rod and pull out the rope pulley.

[0029] Optionally, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the rope pulley maintenance method further includes the following steps:

[0030] The connecting bolt is engaged with the maintenance opening;

[0031] The rope pulley is assembled onto the rotor pulley;

[0032] Loosen the connecting bolts and remove the sheave maintenance tool;

[0033] The threaded fastener is inserted through the pulley through-hole into the rotor wheel blind hole;

[0034] Assemble the end cap;

[0035] Remove the bolt.

[0036] According to another aspect, an assembly method for the aforementioned traction machine is provided, wherein the assembly method includes assembling a rotor assembly, assembling a stator assembly, and assembling the rotor assembly and the stator assembly together, wherein...

[0037] The assembly steps of the rotor assembly include:

[0038] The rope pulley and the rotor pulley are assembled together;

[0039] The rotating shaft passes through the rope pulley and the rotor pulley;

[0040] The first rolling bearing and the second rolling bearing are assembled onto the rotating shaft;

[0041] The end cap is assembled onto the first rolling bearing;

[0042] The assembly steps of the stator assembly include:

[0043] The stator is assembled onto the support.

[0044] The traction machine according to the embodiments of this disclosure has many advantages such as balanced force distribution, good stability, low vibration and noise, long service life, and high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The content of this disclosure will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, similar numbers in the drawings are used to denote similar components, wherein:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary elevator system;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a traction machine according to the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a traction machine according to the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a rotor wheel according to the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a rope reel according to the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a housing according to the present disclosure;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a rotating shaft according to the present disclosure;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of a rotor wheel according to the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of an end cap according to the present disclosure;

[0055] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a rope wheel maintenance method according to the present disclosure;

[0056] Figure 11 This is a usage scenario of a rope wheel maintenance tool according to this disclosure;

[0057] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating the relationship between a rope wheel maintenance tool and a rope wheel according to this disclosure;

[0058] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of an assembly method according to the present disclosure;

[0059] Figure 14 It is an assembly drawing of a rope pulley and a rotor pulley according to this disclosure;

[0060] Figure 15 It is based on this disclosure. Figure 14 Assembly diagram of the components and the rotating shaft;

[0061] Figure 16 It is based on this disclosure. Figure 15 Assembly diagram of the components and the first and second rolling bearings;

[0062] Figure 17 It is based on this disclosure. Figure 16 Assembly diagram of the components and end caps;

[0063] Figure 18 This is a perspective view of a stator according to the present disclosure;

[0064] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of a housing according to the present disclosure;

[0065] Figure 20 This is an assembly drawing of a stator and housing according to the present disclosure;

[0066] Figure 21 This is an assembly drawing of a stator assembly and a rotor assembly according to the present disclosure;

[0067] Figure 22 This is a perspective view of an encoder according to the present disclosure; and

[0068] Figure 23 This is a perspective view of a dual-coil brake according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0069] Figure 1This is a perspective view of elevator system 101, which includes elevator car 103, counterweight 105, ropes 107, guide rails 109, traction machine 111, and elevator system controller 115. Elevator car 103 and counterweight 105 are connected to each other via ropes 107. Ropes 107 may include or be configured as, for example, ropes, cables, and / or coated steel strips; in this embodiment, the ropes are configured as a rope belt integrating multiple ropes. Counterweight 105 is configured to balance the load of elevator car 103 and is configured to facilitate synchronized counter-movement of elevator car 103 within elevator shaft 117 and along guide rails 109 relative to counterweight 105. Ropes 107 engage traction machine 111, which is part of the top structure of elevator system 101. Traction machine 111 is configured to control movement between elevator car 103 and counterweight 105.

[0070] Elevator system controller 115 is located, as shown, within elevator system controller room 121 of elevator shaft 117 and is configured to control the operation of elevator system 101, and in particular elevator car 103. For example, elevator system controller 115 can provide drive signals to traction machine 111 to control the acceleration, deceleration, leveling, stopping, etc., of elevator car 103. When moving up or down along guide rails 109 within elevator shaft 117, elevator car 103, as controlled by elevator system controller 115, can stop at one or more floors 125. Although shown in elevator system controller room 121, those skilled in the art will understand that elevator system controller 115 can be located and / or configured at other locations or sites within elevator system 101. Traction machine 111 may include a motor or similar drive mechanism.

[0071] Although rope systems have been shown and described, elevator systems employing other methods and mechanisms for moving the elevator car within the elevator shaft may also utilize embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 These are non-restrictive examples presented merely for illustrative and explanatory purposes.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a traction machine according to the present disclosure; and Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a traction machine according to the present disclosure.

[0073] The traction machine 111 is used in the elevator system 101, wherein the traction machine 111 includes: a housing 1; a rotating shaft 2, which is partially arranged inside the housing 1 and extends axially through the housing 1 outward; a first rolling bearing 3 and a second rolling bearing 4, which are sleeved on the rotating shaft 2; a rope pulley 5, which is arranged inside the housing 1 and wound around the rotating shaft 2, the rope pulley 5 being used to connect the rope 107 of the elevator system 101, the rope 107 being used to connect the elevator car 103 and the counterweight 105 of the elevator system 101, wherein the rope pulley 5 is arranged between the first rolling bearing 3 and the second rolling bearing 4.

[0074] It should be understood that the sheave of the traction machine is used to lay the rope, such as a wire rope, with its two ends connected to the counterweight and the car, respectively. The lifting and lowering of the car is accompanied by the rotation of the sheave. Therefore, the overall system load is mainly borne by the sheave. Based on this, this technical solution specifically specifies that the sheave is arranged between the first and second rolling bearings, thus the traction machine presents a simply supported beam structure. The simply supported beam provides the traction machine with compactness and light weight, and the rolling bearings (e.g., constructed as ball bearings) can be well matched with the structure of the simply supported beam. Specifically, with the structural form of a simply supported beam, the system weight is mainly borne by the first and second rolling bearings, resulting in a relatively small weight distribution to each bearing. In contrast, with a cantilever beam, the bearings closest to the wire rope bear the entire system weight alone, while the bearings further away from the system weight experience very little stress. Therefore, cantilever beams typically use self-aligning roller bearings with higher rated loads and larger dimensions, leading to higher costs. In contrast, the bearings used in simply supported beams have lower rated loads, allowing the use of ball bearings, which are also smaller in size. The cost of two ball bearings is also significantly less than that of one self-aligning roller bearing. Furthermore, changing from a cantilever beam to a simply supported beam overcomes the drawbacks of the cantilever beam, such as the long distance between the stress points and the motor air gap, and the large deflection.

[0075] In addition, the sheave (traction sheave) is located in the middle and supported by bearings on both sides, resulting in more balanced force distribution and avoiding excessive stress at a single point. This improves the overall stability of the traction machine, reduces wear and fatigue of components, extends the service life of the traction machine, and lowers maintenance costs. The simply supported beam structure also helps reduce vibration during operation, lowers noise levels, and makes the traction machine run more smoothly.

[0076] On the other hand, the design of the shaft and housing makes the traction machine relatively compact, facilitating its installation and layout within the elevator system (the traction machine is, for example, mounted on a beam without a machine room via the housing). To this end, the housing is designed as a support, facilitating the installation of the traction machine, and its hollow structure allows for full utilization of the space it provides, offering high space efficiency and compactness, especially sufficient space for the removal and replacement of consumable parts like the sheaves. This design also considers ease of maintenance. For example, internal components of the housing (such as the shaft, rolling bearings, and sheaves) are easy to observe and maintain. These technical solutions also reduce the overall deformation of the traction machine, particularly effectively constraining the deformation of the sheaves. It should be understood that since the sheaves are used to suspend the ropes, deformation can affect the car's operating performance. Furthermore, deformation at the motor air gap is also reduced.

[0077] The traction machine 111 also includes a stator 6 with a coil and a rotor wheel 7 with a magnet 71. The end face of the housing 1 is provided with an axially inwardly extending support portion 11. The stator 6 is sleeved on the support portion 11. The rotor wheel 7 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 and fixedly connected to the rope wheel 5. The magnet 71 is wound around (i.e., arranged around) the stator 6.

[0078] This technical solution provides a detailed design of the working principle of the traction machine. It is evident that when the stator coil is energized, a rotating magnetic field is generated. Electromagnetic interaction occurs between the coil and the surrounding magnets, causing the rotor wheel to rotate. The rotation of the rotor wheel, in turn, drives the rotation of the rope sheave and the shaft. The rotation of the rope sheave supports the lifting and lowering movement of the car. The magnets are, for example, evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the rotor wheel.

[0079] This technical solution also defines the housing by utilizing its support portion (which is, for example, constructed as an axially inwardly extending hollow cylinder) to arrange the stator. This provides a compact working space for the motor composed of the stator and rotor, ensuring a fixed relative position between the stator and rotor, reducing vibration and friction during operation, and improving power transmission efficiency. It is worth mentioning that this motor type is an external rotor motor, characterized by a larger air gap diameter, shorter core, and shorter stator copper wire ends compared to internal rotor motors, even with limited external width. Furthermore, the nesting or winding design of these components makes the overall structure of the traction machine more compact and optimizes space utilization.

[0080] The traction machine 111 also includes an end cover 8, which is snapped into the housing 1. The first rolling bearing 3 is radially disposed between the end cover 8 and the rotating shaft 2 and axially disposed within the end cover 8. The second rolling bearing 4 is radially disposed between the housing 1 and the rotating shaft 2 and axially disposed within the housing 1.

[0081] The snap-fit ​​design between the end cap and the housing provides a robust structural framework for the traction machine, and in particular, it protects the internal components of the traction machine, except for the left end of the shaft, the encoder which will be discussed later, and a portion of the housing that extends beyond the end cap.

[0082] This technical solution also refines the arrangement of the first and second rolling bearings. The arrangement of the first rolling bearing ensures stable support of the shaft at the end cover, reducing radial sway or misalignment, and provides good protection for the first rolling bearing. Similarly, the arrangement of the second rolling bearing provides additional support points for the shaft, further enhancing its stability and positioning accuracy, and is also protected by the housing. As for the characteristics of the rolling bearings themselves, they significantly reduce direct contact friction between the shaft and the housing or end cover, thus reducing noise and vibration during operation, and improving the operating efficiency and service life of the traction machine.

[0083] The traction machine 111 also includes a coil brake 9, which includes a friction disc 91 and a moving plate 92. The friction disc 91 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 and splinedly connected to the rotating shaft 2. When the coil brake 9 is energized, the friction disc 91 is spaced apart from the moving plate 92. When the coil brake 9 is not energized, the friction disc 91 and the moving plate 92 generate friction.

[0084] According to this technical solution, when braking is not required, the coil brake is energized, thereby attracting the moving plate and separating it from the friction plate. For example, the moving plate is attracted to the stationary plate 93 (the moving plate is positioned between the friction plate and the stationary plate), and the traction machine operates normally. When braking is required, the brake is not energized, and the moving plate is pushed to form a frictional engagement with the friction plate by means of a spring (not shown) located between the moving plate and the stationary plate. This friction generates resistance on the friction disc, and because of the spline connection between the friction disc and the shaft, this resistance acts on the shaft, and then on the rotor wheel and rope wheel, ultimately achieving the braking effect on the car (including deceleration and stopping).

[0085] This design makes the braking process of the traction machine more reliable and flexible, allowing for control of the brake's energization or de-energization as needed, thus achieving control of the traction machine. Simultaneously, the spline connection ensures a stable connection between the friction disc and the shaft, improving braking stability and safety.

[0086] Furthermore, the coil brake is configured as a dual-coil brake. Exemplarily, it includes two stationary plates, two coils 94, two moving plates, and a friction disc. The stationary plates provide receiving spaces in which the coils are disposed, each electromagnetically displacing one of the moving plates. The two moving plates are wound together around the end of the shaft to enable more comprehensive braking of the friction disc and improve braking performance.

[0087] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a rotor wheel according to the present disclosure; and Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a rope reel according to the present disclosure.

[0088] The end face of the rope wheel 5 is provided with a rope wheel through hole 51, and the end face of the rotor wheel 7 is provided with a rotor wheel blind hole 71. The rope wheel through hole 51 is aligned with the rotor wheel blind hole 71, and the threaded fastener 10 of the traction machine 111 passes through the rope wheel through hole 51 and extends into the rotor wheel blind hole 71.

[0089] Threaded fasteners should be interpreted broadly to include threaded fixing components such as bolts, screws, studs, and bolts. This technical solution provides an example of a fixing method between the rope sheave and the rotor sheave. This connection method is not only simple and reliable, but also effectively transmits torque and force, ensuring synchronous rotation of the rope sheave and rotor sheave during the operation of the traction machine. At the same time, as a detachable connection method, threaded fasteners facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the rope sheave and rotor sheave, improving the maintainability and ease of use of the traction machine.

[0090] As an example, multiple sheave through holes are provided, for example, four sheave through holes are evenly distributed at the angle on the sheave end face, and the rotor wheel blind hole is also provided accordingly, which improves the stability of the fixation between the two.

[0091] The traction machine 111 also includes an encoder EN, which is plugged into the end face of the rotating shaft 2 and is used to measure the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2.

[0092] The encoder indirectly measures the speed of the sheave and the lifting speed of the car by measuring the rotational speed of the shaft. In terms of assembly, the encoder is inserted into the left end of the shaft. Specifically, the encoder can be incremental or absolute. For example, an incremental encoder is directly mounted on the end of the shaft and rotates with it. When the shaft rotates, the code disk or grating inside the encoder rotates accordingly, generating pulse signals. These pulse signals are counted and calculated to accurately measure the shaft's rotational speed.

[0093] Therefore, the encoder's real-time speed measurement capability allows for timely understanding of the traction machine's operating status, improving control accuracy, such as ensuring smooth start-up and accurate stopping of the elevator car. Based on this speed feedback, the traction machine's operating status can also be automatically adjusted, such as adjusting motor output power and optimizing operating curves, thereby improving the traction machine's operating efficiency and safety. Speed ​​can also be used to detect potential faults or abnormalities (overload, jamming, etc.). Furthermore, the encoder's measurement data can be recorded and used for traction machine maintenance and management. By analyzing historical data, the traction machine's operating condition and wear can be understood, allowing for the development of reasonable maintenance plans and extending the traction machine's service life.

[0094] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a housing according to the present disclosure.

[0095] The end face of the housing 1 facing the end cover 8 has a first stepped portion 12, and the end cover 8 is engaged with the first stepped portion 12.

[0096] The first step is exemplarily a recessed structure constructed on the inner circumferential surface of the left end of the housing, facilitating the snap-fit ​​of the corresponding part of the end cap. This snap-fit ​​connection design provides a clear positioning reference for installation and facilitates installation, creating a tight mechanical connection between the end cap and the housing. When the end cap is engaged with the first step, it is not easily separated radially, significantly improving the stability of the connection and effectively resisting loosening due to vibration or impact, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Furthermore, the concentricity of the end cap and the housing is guaranteed.

[0097] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a rotating shaft according to the present disclosure.

[0098] The support portion 11 is provided with a second step portion 112, the end of the rotating shaft 2 opposite to the first rolling bearing 3 is provided with a third step portion 21, and the second rolling bearing 4 is radially disposed between the second step portion 112 and the third step portion 21.

[0099] Accordingly, in addition to supporting the stator, the support portion, together with the third step portion, provides precise positioning and installation for the second rolling bearing. In particular, it effectively fixes the second rolling bearing axially. This method is simple, reliable, and can withstand large axial loads, preventing axial movement of the bearing during operation. The second step portion is a protrusion constructed on the inner circumferential surface of the support portion, while the third step portion is a protrusion constructed on the outer circumferential surface of the right end of the shaft.

[0100] In addition, the second and third steps provide extra support surfaces for the second rolling bearing, enhancing its load-bearing capacity. When subjected to radial loads, the bearing receives more uniform and stable support, reducing failures caused by bearing loosening or misalignment, maintaining normal operating clearance, improving rotational accuracy and stability, and thus extending its service life.

[0101] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of a rotor wheel according to the present disclosure.

[0102] The end of the rotor wheel 7 facing the rope wheel 5 is constructed as a frame structure 72. The frame structure 72 includes an axially extending hollow column 721 and a rib 722 extending radially outward from the hollow column 721 to the inner circumferential surface of the rotor wheel 7. The rotating shaft 2 is constructed with a fourth step portion 22, and the hollow column 721 abuts against the fourth step portion 22.

[0103] For example, the fourth step is a protrusion constructed on the outer circumference of the left end of the pivot. The frame structure is shaped like a wheel hub, with the central column for the pivot to pass through and engage, facilitating assembly, while the ribs enhance structural strength.

[0104] Specifically, the hollow column provides axial support, while the ribs reinforce the inner circumference of the rotor wheel, making the entire rotor wheel more stable under load. In particular, the rib placement also supports the sheave that directly bears the system load, improving load tolerance. Furthermore, the fourth step allows the rotor wheel to be securely mounted on the shaft, reducing the possibility of the rotor wheel slipping on the shaft and improving the connection stability between the two.

[0105] The end of the rotating shaft 2 facing the first rolling bearing 3 has a fifth step portion 23, and the first rolling bearing 3 abuts against the fifth step portion 23.

[0106] The fifth step is exemplarily a recessed structure constructed at the left end of the shaft. Similarly, the fifth step provides a stable mounting base for the first rolling bearing, making the bearing installation process simpler and more accurate, preventing misalignment or tilting during installation, allowing the bearing to transmit torque and speed more accurately, and reducing energy loss and transmission errors caused by bearing wobble. In particular, it can cooperate with the end cap to stably and strongly mount the first rolling bearing. The bearing directly abuts against this step, reducing wobble or offset caused by unstable installation, thereby improving the stability of the bearing on the shaft.

[0107] It should also be mentioned that, for the housing, the first stepped portion, the supporting portion, and the second stepped portion can be constructed in the same process; for the rotor wheel, the rotor wheel blind hole, the hollow cylinder, and the inner circumference of the supporting magnet can be constructed in the same process; the third, fourth, and fifth stepped portions of the shaft can be constructed in the same process; and the receiving portion and the snap-fit ​​portion of the end cover can be constructed in the same process. Therefore, this manufacturing method ensures the manufacturing precision of the structure, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the air gap in the motor. This disclosure does not impose any particular limitations on the specific processes; machining (such as turning) is also applicable.

[0108] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of an end cap according to the present disclosure.

[0109] The end cap 8 includes an end cap body 81 and a receiving portion 82 extending axially inward and outward relative to the end cap body 81. The portion of the receiving portion 82 extending radially outward relative to the end cap body 81 extends toward the rotating shaft 2. The first rolling bearing 3 is disposed within the receiving portion 82. The end cap 8 also includes a snap-fit ​​portion 83 extending axially inward from the end cap body 81, and the snap-fit ​​portion 83 is snap-fitted to the housing 1.

[0110] This technical solution features a targeted design for the end cap. The receiving portion not only provides space for the first rolling bearing but also protects it from the outside. The snap-fit ​​portion engages with the first stepped portion of the housing to achieve a snap-fit ​​connection. This snap-fit ​​design makes the installation and removal of the end cap easier and faster, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the end cap is exemplarily constructed as a body of revolution, such as a cylinder, or as a cylinder with straight cut-off portions on both sides, improving compactness and allowing for better matching and alignment with the shape of the housing end.

[0111] This disclosure also relates to an elevator system 101, wherein the elevator system 101 includes any of the aforementioned traction machines 111. Therefore, the elevator system of this disclosure can inherit various implementation methods and corresponding technical effects of the traction machine, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0112] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a rope wheel maintenance method according to the present disclosure; Figure 11 This is based on a usage scenario of a rope pulley maintenance tool disclosed herein; and Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the relationship between a rope wheel maintenance tool and a rope wheel according to this disclosure.

[0113] This disclosure also relates to a method for maintaining the rope sheave of a traction machine 111, wherein the rope sheave maintenance method includes the following steps:

[0114] S1: Insert bolt B through the housing 1 into the rotor wheel 7;

[0115] S2: Remove the end cap 8;

[0116] S3: Loosen the threaded fastener 10;

[0117] S4: Abut the top rod R of the rope wheel maintenance tool T against the end face of the rotating shaft 2;

[0118] S5: The connecting bolt T1 of the rope wheel maintenance tool T is connected to the maintenance opening 52 opened on the end face of the rope wheel 5, and the connecting bolt T1 abuts against the end face of the rotor wheel 7 through the maintenance opening 52.

[0119] S6: Rotate the top rod R and pull out the rope pulley 5.

[0120] The purpose of inserting the bolt into the rotor wheel is to hold it in place, thus securing the rope wheel and facilitating its subsequent disassembly. For this purpose, the housing can be provided with threaded holes 13 to allow the bolts to pass through. The method for disassembling the end cap in step S2 depends on its specific connection method. For example, if the end cap is threaded to the housing, it can be disassembled by removing the threaded connector.

[0121] The sheave maintenance tool exemplarily includes a base T2, a push rod extending through the base, and a handle structure T3 connected to the end of the push rod for easy operation. The push rod is capable of rotation and translation relative to the base. The outer periphery of the base is connected to or constructed with several radially outwardly extending spokes T4, each spoke being connected to a connecting bolt for engagement with the sheave. For this purpose, a maintenance opening is provided on the end face of the sheave, which, similar to the sheave through-hole, can be several, for example three, and is evenly distributed at an angle on the sheave end face. To avoid interference with the sheave through-hole, the maintenance opening and the sheave through-hole are at different distances relative to the axis of symmetry of the sheave, ensuring that the sheave maintenance tool can smoothly engage with the maintenance opening.

[0122] In step S4, the push rod is positioned to abut against the end face of the rotating shaft to provide support for subsequent removal of the sheave. In step S5, the connecting bolt is positioned to pass through the maintenance opening and abut against the end face of the rotor sheave, thus providing maintenance personnel with significant mechanical feedback indicating that the connecting bolt is in place and ready for subsequent disassembly. Furthermore, in this case, the connecting bolt penetrates the sheave as deeply as possible, providing strong support for the disassembly operation.

[0123] It should be noted that this method makes the disassembly and replacement of the sheaves relatively easy, which is an important technical improvement for traction machines that require regular maintenance or sheave replacement. The overall maintenance process is rationally designed with clear steps, which can shorten maintenance time and improve maintenance efficiency. Ultimately, the downtime of the traction machine is reduced.

[0124] In some other embodiments, if the traction machine includes components such as an encoder, the rope sheave maintenance method may also include step S11, located between steps S1 and S2, to remove the encoder.

[0125] Alternatively, the rope pulley maintenance method may further include the following steps:

[0126] S7: Connect the connecting bolt T1 to the maintenance opening 52;

[0127] S8: Assemble the rope pulley 5 onto the rotor pulley 7;

[0128] S9: Loosen the connecting bolt T1 and remove the sheave maintenance tool T;

[0129] S10: Pass the threaded fastener 10 through the pulley through hole 51 and insert it into the rotor wheel blind hole 71;

[0130] S11: Assemble the end cap 8;

[0131] S12: Remove the bolt B.

[0132] The above steps correspond to the assembly steps of the new rope sheave after the old rope sheave has been disassembled, and can be interpreted in reverse, similar to the disassembly steps. If the traction machine also includes an encoder, then step S111, located between steps S11 and S12, is also included: assembling the encoder onto the shaft.

[0133] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of an assembly method according to the present disclosure; Figure 14 It is an assembly drawing of a rope pulley and a rotor pulley according to this disclosure; Figure 15 It is based on this disclosure. Figure 14 Assembly diagram of the components and the rotating shaft; Figure 16 It is based on this disclosure. Figure 15 Assembly diagram of the components and the first and second rolling bearings; Figure 17 It is based on this disclosure. Figure 16 Assembly diagram of the components and end caps; Figure 18 This is a perspective view of a stator according to the present disclosure; Figure 19 This is a perspective view of a housing according to the present disclosure; Figure 20 This is an assembly drawing of a stator and housing according to the present disclosure; Figure 21This is an assembly drawing of a stator assembly and a rotor assembly according to the present disclosure; Figure 22 This is a perspective view of an encoder according to the present disclosure; and Figure 23 This is a perspective view of a dual-coil brake according to the present disclosure.

[0134] This disclosure also relates to an assembly method for the above-described traction machine 111, wherein the assembly method includes step A1: assembling the rotor assembly RA, step A2: assembling the stator assembly SA, and step A3: assembling the rotor assembly RA and the stator assembly SA together, wherein...

[0135] The assembly step A1 of the rotor assembly RA includes:

[0136] Step A11: Assemble the rope pulley 5 and the rotor pulley 7 together;

[0137] Step A12: Pass the rotating shaft 2 through the rope pulley 5 and the rotor pulley 7;

[0138] Step A13: Assemble the first rolling bearing 3 and the second rolling bearing 4 onto the rotating shaft 2;

[0139] Step A14: Assemble the end cap 8 onto the first rolling bearing 3;

[0140] The assembly step A2 of the stator assembly SA includes:

[0141] Step A21: Assemble the stator 6 onto the support portion 11.

[0142] This assembly method assembles the rotor and stator assemblies separately, then combines them into a traction machine, thus achieving modular assembly. This clearly defined assembly method improves assembly efficiency, reduces assembly errors, and facilitates management and organization on the production line. As can be seen from the preceding explanation of the various technical solutions for the traction machine, this assembly method offers significant advantages in improving assembly efficiency, ensuring the stability of the rotor and stator assemblies, guaranteeing smooth operation, providing protection, simplicity, and overall assembly coordination and consistency. These technical benefits collectively enhance the performance, reliability, and service life of the traction machine.

[0143] If the traction machine also includes an encoder and a coil brake, the assembly method can also include step A4, which follows step A3: assembling the rotor and stator assembly with the encoder and the coil brake to form the traction machine.

[0144] In summary, the traction machine disclosed herein provides a traction machine structure that combines the advantages of both cantilever beam and simply supported beam designs due to its simple supported beam, easily replaceable sheaves, external rotor motor, and coil brake.

[0145] The specific embodiments described above are merely for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the principles of this disclosure, wherein the various components are clearly shown or described to make the principles of this disclosure easier to understand. Various modifications or variations can be readily made to this disclosure by those skilled in the art without departing from its scope. Therefore, it should be understood that all such modifications or variations should be included within the patent protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A traction machine (111) for an elevator system (101), characterized in that, The traction machine (111) includes: Shell (1); A rotating shaft (2) is partially arranged inside the housing (1) and extends axially through the housing (1) outward; A first rolling bearing (3) and a second rolling bearing (4) are fitted onto the rotating shaft (2); A pulley (5), which is arranged inside the housing (1) and wound around the rotating shaft (2), is used to connect the rope (107) of the elevator system (101), and the rope (107) is used to connect the elevator car (103) and the counterweight (105) of the elevator system (101). The rope wheel (5) is arranged between the first rolling bearing (3) and the second rolling bearing (4).

2. The traction machine (111) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction machine (111) also includes a stator (6) with coils and a rotor wheel (7) with magnets (71). The end face of the housing (1) is provided with an axially inwardly extending support (11). The stator (6) is sleeved on the support (11). The rotor wheel (7) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (2) and fixedly connected to the rope wheel (5). The magnet (71) is wound around the stator (6).

3. The traction machine (111) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The traction machine (111) also includes an end cover (8), which is snapped into the housing (1). The first rolling bearing (3) is radially disposed between the end cover (8) and the rotating shaft (2) and axially disposed within the end cover (8). The second rolling bearing (4) is radially disposed between the housing (1) and the rotating shaft (2) and axially disposed within the housing (1).

4. The traction machine (111) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction machine (111) also includes a coil brake (9), which includes a friction disc (91) and a moving plate (92). The friction disc (91) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (2) and splinedly connected to the rotating shaft (2). When the coil brake (9) is energized, the friction disc (91) and the moving plate (92) are spaced apart. When the coil brake (9) is not energized, the friction disc (91) and the moving plate (92) generate friction.

5. The traction machine (111) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end face of the rope wheel (5) is provided with a rope wheel through hole (51), and the end face of the rotor wheel (7) is provided with a rotor wheel blind hole (71). The rope wheel through hole (51) is aligned with the rotor wheel blind hole (71). The threaded fastener (10) of the traction machine (111) passes through the rope wheel through hole (51) and extends into the rotor wheel blind hole (71).

6. The traction machine (111) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction machine (111) also includes an encoder (EN), which is plugged into the end face of the rotating shaft (2) and is used to measure the rotational speed of the rotating shaft (2).

7. The traction machine (111) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end face of the housing (1) facing the end cap (8) is provided with a first stepped portion (12), and the end cap (8) is engaged with the first stepped portion (12).

8. The traction machine (111) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support portion (11) is constructed with a second step portion (112), and the end of the rotating shaft (2) opposite to the first rolling bearing (3) is constructed with a third step portion (21). The second rolling bearing (4) is radially disposed between the second step portion (112) and the third step portion (21).

9. The traction machine (111) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the rotor wheel (7) facing the rope wheel (5) is constructed as a frame structure (72). The frame structure (72) includes an axially extending hollow column (721) and a rib (722) extending radially outward from the hollow column (721) to the inner circumferential surface of the rotor wheel (7). The shaft (2) is constructed with a fourth step portion (22), and the hollow column (721) abuts against the fourth step portion (22).

10. The traction machine (111) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the shaft (2) facing the first rolling bearing (3) has a fifth step (23), and the first rolling bearing (3) abuts against the fifth step (23).

11. The traction machine (111) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end cap (8) includes an end cap body (81) and a receiving portion (82) extending axially inward and outward relative to the end cap body (81). The portion of the receiving portion (82) extending radially outward relative to the end cap body (81) toward the rotating shaft (2) is located in the receiving portion (82). The first rolling bearing (3) is disposed in the receiving portion (82). The end cap (8) also includes a snap-fit ​​portion (83) extending axially inward from the end cap body (81). The snap-fit ​​portion (83) is snap-fit ​​connected to the housing (1).

12. An elevator system (101), characterized in that, The elevator system (101) includes a traction machine (111) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A method for maintaining the sheave of a traction machine (111) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rope pulley maintenance method includes the following steps: The bolt (B) is inserted into the rotor wheel (7) through the housing (1); Remove the end cap (8); Loosen the threaded fastener (10); The top rod (R) of the rope wheel maintenance tool (T) is abutted against the end face of the rotating shaft (2); The connecting bolt (T1) of the rope wheel maintenance tool (T) is connected to the maintenance opening (52) opened on the end face of the rope wheel (5), and the connecting bolt (T1) abuts against the end face of the rotor wheel (7) through the maintenance opening (52); Rotate the top rod (R) and pull out the rope pulley (5).

14. The rope pulley maintenance method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The rope pulley maintenance method also includes the following steps: Engage the connecting bolt (T1) to the maintenance opening (52); The rope pulley (5) is assembled onto the rotor pulley (7); Loosen the connecting bolt (T1) and remove the sheave maintenance tool (T); The threaded fastener (10) is inserted through the pulley through hole (51) into the rotor pulley blind hole (71); Assemble the end cap (8); Remove the bolt (B).

15. A method for assembling a traction machine (111) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The assembly method includes assembling a rotor assembly (RA), assembling a stator assembly (SA), and assembling the rotor assembly (RA) and the stator assembly (SA) together, wherein... The assembly steps of the rotor assembly (RA) include: The rope pulley (5) is assembled with the rotor pulley (7); The rotating shaft (2) is passed through the rope wheel (5) and the rotor wheel (7); The first rolling bearing (3) and the second rolling bearing (4) are assembled onto the rotating shaft (2); The end cap (8) is assembled onto the first rolling bearing (3); The assembly steps of the stator assembly (SA) include: The stator (6) is assembled onto the support (11).

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