A drinking water treatment apparatus using solid hydrogen peroxide

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, specifically disclosing a drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide. This device addresses the problems encountered when treating and controlling natural organic matter in drinking water, such as fluctuations in residual hydrogen peroxide levels due to fixed dosage of solid hydrogen peroxide, and the inability of quantitative dilution to adapt to the different stages of bio-activated carbon use. The device includes an ultrasonic disinfection unit and an ultraviolet disinfection unit. The ultrasonic disinfection unit has a dosage unit, and the ultraviolet disinfection unit is connected to a dilution buffer unit. The dilution buffer unit is connected to a control module. A water quality detection unit is located at the inlet of the ultrasonic disinfection unit. The dilution buffer unit is connected to a bio-activated carbon unit, and a biological detection unit is located on the top bed of the bio-activated carbon unit. This invention, through the interaction of bio-activated carbon usage stage identification and top bed inlet dilution buffering, avoids oxidative shock to the top bed during the initial biofilm formation stage, reduces water waste during the development and maturity stages, and prevents shortened bed contact time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide. Background Technology

[0002] Natural organic matter (NOM), as the main organic precursor to disinfection byproducts, is a complex mixture of organic compounds formed by the decomposition of terrestrial plants and aquatic organisms. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is an important means of removing NOM in current drinking water pollution treatment and control technologies. The ultraviolet / hydrogen peroxide process in AOP can degrade NOM through oxidation, effectively removing NOM from drinking water sources. Chinese invention patent CN119080142A discloses a method for disinfecting drinking water using solid hydrogen peroxide combined with ultrasound and ultraviolet light. This method employs a two-stage disinfection process using coated solid hydrogen peroxide, ultrasound, and ultraviolet light. In the first disinfection tank, solid hydrogen peroxide is added according to a preset mass-to-volume ratio and subjected to ultrasound treatment. The water is then transferred to a second disinfection tank for ultraviolet irradiation. This method uses a fixed dosage and fixed ultrasound and ultraviolet parameters. However, coated solid hydrogen peroxide is often used in excess, leading to residual hydrogen peroxide in the effluent from the second disinfection tank. Existing research has used biological activated carbon to quench residual hydrogen peroxide. If the methods in the first and second disinfection tanks are not adjusted according to the influent water quality and the actual amount of solid hydrogen peroxide used, further problems may arise. The release rate and the effectiveness of ultraviolet light are adjusted to their respective actual disinfection parameters. The residual amount of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent of the second disinfection tank is prone to fluctuation. In the early stage of biofilm formation, when the effluent of the second disinfection tank directly enters the top of the biofilm, the high concentration of residual hydrogen peroxide will cause oxidative shock to the microorganisms in the top bed area, hindering microbial attachment or causing biofilm detachment, making it difficult for the top area of ​​the bed to form biological treatment capacity. If the same flow rate of water is always used to dilute the hydrogen peroxide in the water entering the top of the bed, it will not only fail to adapt to the fluctuation of residual hydrogen peroxide in the water entering the top of the bed in the early stage of biofilm formation, but will also cause excess dilution water and shorten the contact time between the bed and the biofilm after development and maturity, resulting in waste of dilution water and weakening of the quenching effect of hydrogen peroxide. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide. By identifying the usage stage of biological activated carbon and cooperating with the dilution buffer of the top bed influent, the device avoids the oxidative shock caused by hydrogen peroxide residue in the top bed during the early stage of biofilm formation, reduces the waste of dilution water during the development and maturation stages, and avoids shortening the bed contact time.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide includes an ultrasonic disinfection unit connected to an ultraviolet (UV) disinfection unit. The ultrasonic disinfection unit has a dosing unit for adding solid hydrogen peroxide using fixed parameters. The UV disinfection unit is connected to a dilution buffer unit via a first branch, which is connected to a control module. A water quality detection unit is located at the inlet of the ultrasonic disinfection unit. The ultrasonic and UV disinfection units each have first and second detection units for detecting the release of solid hydrogen peroxide and the effectiveness of UV disinfection, respectively. A third detection unit is located on the first branch for detecting the residual amount of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent from the UV disinfection unit. The dilution buffer unit... The parameters of the third detection unit are adjusted for the first time to regulate the dilution water volume. The dilution buffer unit is connected to the biological activated carbon unit, and the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit is equipped with a biological detection unit. The biological detection unit is connected to the control module. The control module takes the parameters of the biological detection unit and the water quality detection unit as inputs, and outputs the adjustment parameters of ultrasonic disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection, as well as the second dilution adjustment command of the dilution buffer unit through a machine learning model. This ensures that the hydrogen peroxide content and flow rate of the influent to the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit are adapted to the current stage of use, so that there will be no oxidative shock to the microorganisms in the early stage of biofilm formation, and that the appropriate hydrogen peroxide content and dilution water volume are maintained during the development or maturity stage.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention, in the biological activated carbon unit, the top bed is an activated carbon bed layer along the water flow direction from the inlet surface of the biological activated carbon unit to the first friction detection section, wherein the first friction detection section is located below the inlet surface and the distance between the first friction detection section and the inlet surface does not exceed 40% of the total height of the biological activated carbon bed.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention, the biodetection unit includes an activated carbon sampling component, a fluorescence staining component, a fluorescence imaging component, and an image processing component; the activated carbon sampling component includes at least one sampling chamber disposed within the top bed, the sampling chamber being filled with the same granular activated carbon as the top bed; the fluorescence staining component includes a first staining branch for applying the green fluorescent nucleic acid dye Syto9 to the activated carbon detection sample and a second staining branch for applying the red fluorescent nucleic acid dye propidium iodide, used to label microorganisms with intact cell membranes and microorganisms with damaged cell membranes, respectively; the fluorescence imaging component is used to acquire green fluorescence images and red fluorescence images of the activated carbon detection sample at the same magnification, excitation parameters, and imaging depth, respectively. The image processing component is used to determine the area and intensity of the green fluorescent region in the green fluorescence image and the area and intensity of the red fluorescent region in the red fluorescence image, respectively. The ratio of the area of ​​the green fluorescent region to the area of ​​the effective observation region is determined as the live cell coverage, and the ratio of the green fluorescence intensity to the red fluorescence intensity is determined as the live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio. The image processing component is used to average the live cell coverage and live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio obtained from multiple observation regions within the same detection cycle, and input the average value of the live cell coverage and live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio and its change relative to the previous detection cycle into the machine learning model. The output labels of the machine learning model include the early stage of cell attachment, the development stage, and the maturity stage.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the control module is equipped with a cascaded machine learning model, which includes a stage classification sub-model, a stage constraint module, and a parameter generation sub-model. The stage classification sub-model takes the output results of the biological detection unit and the cumulative running time of the biological activated carbon unit as input, and outputs a biological activated carbon usage stage label. The stage constraint module determines the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow range of the top bed according to the trial stage label. The parameter generation sub-model takes the influent water quality, solid hydrogen peroxide release, UV disinfection effectiveness, residual hydrogen peroxide in the third detection unit, the dilution water volume after the first adjustment, and the label as input, and outputs ultrasonic adjustment parameters, UV disinfection adjustment parameters, second dilution water volume, and the target influent flow rate of the top bed within the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow range of the top bed.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention quenches residual hydrogen peroxide in the effluent from the UV disinfection unit using a biological activated carbon unit. The residual hydrogen peroxide level in the UV disinfection unit's effluent determines the first dilution adjustment command for the dilution buffer unit, preventing oxidative shock to the microorganisms in the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit. A biological detection unit collects samples from the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit, and the detection results, along with the unit's usage time, are input into the control module to identify the unit's usage stage. The control module adjusts the ultrasonic parameters, UV disinfection parameters, and the second dilution adjustment command from the dilution buffer unit based on the unit's usage stage, the influent water quality of the ultrasonic unit, the amount of solid hydrogen peroxide added, the effectiveness of UV disinfection, and the residual hydrogen peroxide level. This ensures that the hydrogen peroxide content and flow rate in the influent to the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit are adapted to the current usage stage. In the early stages of biofilm formation, this prevents oxidative shock to microorganisms. During the development or maturity stages, it maintains an appropriate influent hydrogen peroxide content and dilution water volume, avoiding wasted dilution water and shortened bed contact time. This enhances the quenching effect of the biological activated carbon unit on residual hydrogen peroxide, effectively improving the control and treatment of natural organic matter pollution in drinking water. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the device composition of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water baffle plate according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] like Figure 1As shown, this invention proposes a drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide, comprising an ultrasonic disinfection unit connected to an ultraviolet (UV) disinfection unit. The ultrasonic disinfection unit has a dosing unit that adds solid hydrogen peroxide using fixed parameters. The UV disinfection unit is connected to a dilution buffer unit via a first branch, which is connected to a control module. A water quality detection unit is located at the inlet of the ultrasonic disinfection unit. The ultrasonic disinfection unit and the UV disinfection unit each have first and second detection units, used to detect the release of solid hydrogen peroxide and the effectiveness of UV disinfection, respectively. A third detection unit is located on the first branch to detect the residual amount of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent from the UV disinfection unit. The flushing unit adjusts the dilution water volume for the first time based on the parameters of the third detection unit. The dilution buffer unit is connected to the biological activated carbon unit, and the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit is equipped with a biological detection unit. The biological detection unit is connected to the control module. The control module takes the parameters of the biological detection unit and the water quality detection unit as inputs, and outputs the adjustment parameters of ultrasonic disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection, as well as the second dilution adjustment command of the dilution buffer unit through a machine learning model. This ensures that the hydrogen peroxide content and flow rate of the influent to the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit are adapted to the current stage of use. In the early stage of biofilm formation, it will not cause oxidative shock to the microorganisms, and in the development or maturity stage, it will maintain an appropriate influent hydrogen peroxide content and dilution water volume.

[0012] like Figure 2 As shown, when in use, the device proposed in this invention specifically performs the following steps: Step 1, Status Detection and Residual Determination: The water quality detection unit acquires the influent water quality parameters, the first detection unit acquires the actual release amount of solid hydrogen peroxide, the second detection unit acquires the effectiveness of ultraviolet disinfection, and the third detection unit acquires the residual amount of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent of the ultraviolet disinfection unit, thereby identifying the differences in actual disinfection status caused by fixed dosing, fixed ultrasound, and fixed ultraviolet parameters. Step 2, initial buffering of residual hydrogen peroxide: The dilution buffer unit performs the first dilution adjustment based on the amount of residual hydrogen peroxide detected by the third detection unit, reducing the peak concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the water before entering the biological activated carbon unit, and reducing the direct oxidative impact of residual fluctuations on the microorganisms in the top bed. Step 3, Collaborative Correction Based on Usage Stage: The biological detection unit detects whether the top bed is in the early stage of biofilm formation, development stage, or mature stage. The control module inputs the usage stage and influent water quality parameters into the machine learning model, and jointly outputs ultrasonic disinfection parameters, ultraviolet disinfection parameters, and a second dilution adjustment command to match the hydrogen peroxide content and flow rate of the influent to the top bed with the current biological treatment capacity. This protects microbial attachment in the early stage of biofilm formation and gradually reduces the dilution water volume while maintaining effective contact time in the development and maturity stages, effectively improving the water pollution control and treatment of natural organic matter in drinking water.

[0013] In specific implementation, in step 1, the water quality parameters acquired by the water quality testing unit include water temperature, pH value, turbidity, total organic carbon content, ammonia nitrogen content, and UV254 absorbance. Specifically, water temperature is detected by a temperature sensor, pH value by a pH electrode, turbidity by a turbidity meter, total organic carbon content by an online total organic carbon analyzer, ammonia nitrogen content by an ammonia nitrogen detector, and UV254 absorbance by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 254 nm. The first testing unit uses the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the ultrasonically treated water as a reference parameter for the actual release degree of solid hydrogen peroxide. Using the titanium oxysulfate colorimetric method, the absorbance of the water sample mixed with the titanium oxysulfate colorimetric agent is measured at a wavelength of 410 nm. The actual concentration is obtained based on a pre-established absorbance-hydrogen peroxide concentration standard curve. The actual release amount is calculated based on the volume of water disinfected by the ultrasonic disinfection unit. The second detection unit uses the effective UV dose and hydrogen peroxide consumption rate as reference parameters for the effectiveness of UV disinfection. The effective UV dose is determined based on the irradiance, irradiation time, and UV transmittance detected by the UV intensity sensor. The effective UV dose is obtained by multiplying the irradiance detected by the UV intensity sensor by the irradiation time, and then multiplying by a transmission correction coefficient determined based on the UV transmittance and optical path of the water, i.e., effective UV dose = irradiance × irradiation time × transmission correction coefficient. The hydrogen peroxide consumption rate is calculated based on the difference in hydrogen peroxide concentration between the influent and effluent of the UV disinfection unit, thus representing the actual synergistic effect of ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide. If necessary, the effectiveness of UV disinfection can be further verified by the logarithmic inactivation value calculated from the concentration of indicator microorganisms before and after treatment.

[0014] It should be noted that in the biological activated carbon unit, the top bed is the activated carbon bed between the inlet surface of the biological activated carbon unit and the first detection section along the water flow direction. The first detection section is located below the inlet surface and the distance between it and the inlet surface does not exceed 40% of the total height of the biological activated carbon bed. The inlet side bed that is first subjected to the impact of residual hydrogen peroxide is designated as the target detection area.

[0015] It should be noted that the biodetection unit includes an activated carbon sampling component, a fluorescence staining component, a fluorescence imaging component, and an image processing component. The activated carbon sampling component includes at least one sampling chamber located within the top bed, filled with the same granular activated carbon as the top bed. The fluorescence staining component includes a first staining branch for applying the green fluorescent nucleic acid dye Syto9 to the activated carbon sample and a second staining branch for applying the red fluorescent nucleic acid dye propidium iodide, used to label microorganisms with intact cell membranes and microorganisms with damaged cell membranes, respectively. The fluorescence imaging component is used to acquire green fluorescence images and red fluorescence images of the activated carbon sample at the same magnification, excitation parameters, and imaging depth. The image processing component is used to determine the area and intensity of the green fluorescent region in the green fluorescence image and the area and intensity of the red fluorescent region in the red fluorescence image, respectively. The ratio of the area of ​​the green fluorescent region to the area of ​​the effective observation region is determined as the live cell coverage, and the ratio of the green fluorescence intensity to the red fluorescence intensity is determined as the live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio. The image processing component is used to average the live cell coverage and live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio obtained from multiple observation regions within the same detection cycle, and input the average value of the live cell coverage and live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio and its change relative to the previous detection cycle into the machine learning model. The output labels of the machine learning model include the early stage of cell attachment, the development stage, and the maturity stage.

[0016] In this invention, microorganisms with intact cell membranes and microorganisms with damaged cell membranes are labeled with Syto9 and propidium iodide, respectively. The changes in the area, fluorescence intensity, and adjacent detection periods of the green and red fluorescent regions are quantified. This can simultaneously reflect the degree of attachment and coverage of active microorganisms in the top bed, the degree of biofilm development, and the state of oxidative damage, thereby improving the accuracy of machine learning models in identifying the initial, developmental, and mature stages of biofilm formation.

[0017] It should be noted that the control module is equipped with a cascaded machine learning model, which includes a stage classification sub-model, a stage constraint module, and a parameter generation sub-model. The stage classification sub-model takes the output results of the biological detection unit and the cumulative running time of the biological activated carbon unit as input, and outputs a biological activated carbon usage stage label. The stage constraint module determines the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow range of the top bed based on the trial stage label. The parameter generation sub-model takes the influent water quality, solid hydrogen peroxide release, UV disinfection effectiveness, residual hydrogen peroxide in the third detection unit, the dilution water volume after the first adjustment, and the label as input, and outputs ultrasonic adjustment parameters, UV disinfection adjustment parameters, second dilution water volume, and the target influent flow rate of the top bed within the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow range of the top bed.

[0018] Compared to setting different machine learning models, this invention sequentially completes the identification of the usage stage of bio-activated carbon, the determination of the corresponding stage constraint range, and the generation of operating parameters within the same cascaded machine learning model. This allows the usage stage labels output by the stage classification sub-model to be directly transmitted to the stage constraint module, and further limits the output boundary of the parameter generation sub-model. This avoids parameter conflicts or adjustment lags caused by inconsistencies in training data caliber, output scale, and control objectives when multiple independent machine learning models are running separately. It improves the continuity, accuracy, and safety of the coordinated adjustment between ultrasonic disinfection, ultraviolet disinfection, dilution water volume, and top bed influent flow rate, and ensures that each operating parameter is always matched with the current biological treatment capacity of the top bed.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the dilution buffer unit includes a mixer. The first input end of the mixer is connected to the outlet end of the ultraviolet disinfection unit. The second input end of the mixer is connected to a dilution water source. A first regulating valve is provided between the dilution water source and the mixer. The output end of the mixer is connected to the inlet end of the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit.

[0021] In specific implementation, the device proposed in this invention shall be implemented in the following steps: Step 11: The third detection unit detects the residual concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent of the ultraviolet disinfection unit and obtains the effluent flow rate of the ultraviolet disinfection unit. The control module determines the amount of the first dilution water supplied to the mixer by the dilution water source based on the residual concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the effluent flow rate and the preset initial dilution target concentration, and converts it into the initial opening degree of the first regulating valve. Step 12: Open the first regulating valve to allow dilution water to enter through the second input end of the mixer, and at the same time allow the water from the UV disinfection unit to enter through the first input end of the mixer; the mixer mixes the two water streams to evenly disperse the residual hydrogen peroxide in the water from the UV disinfection unit, reducing the possibility of local high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide directly entering the top bed and causing oxidative shock. Step 13: The control module inputs the top bed usage stage determined by the biological detection unit, the influent water quality parameters obtained by the water quality detection unit, the actual release of solid hydrogen peroxide, the effectiveness of ultraviolet disinfection, the residual amount of hydrogen peroxide, and the first dilution water volume into the cascade machine learning model. The cascade machine learning model determines the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow range of the top bed corresponding to the current usage stage, and outputs the second dilution water volume. Step 14: The control module adjusts the opening of the first regulating valve according to the second dilution water volume, so that the hydrogen peroxide content and total flow rate of the water output from the mixer are adapted to the current use stage of the top bed. Then, the water is continuously transported from the mixer output end to the top bed inlet end to reduce the oxidative shock in the early stage of biofilm formation and reduce unnecessary dilution water volume in the development or maturity stage, maintain an appropriate bed contact time, and effectively improve the water pollution control and treatment effect of natural organic matter in drinking water.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] To further adjust the influent parameters entering the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit and avoid influent impact hindering microbial attachment or causing biofilm detachment, unlike Example 1, based on Example 1, as follows... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a fourth detection unit is provided between the mixer and the biological activated carbon unit. The fourth detection unit is used to detect the hydrogen peroxide content in the effluent from the mixer. Several baffles are provided on the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit. The baffles are connected to an angle adjustment unit. The angle adjustment unit adjusts the angle between adjacent baffles according to the parameters of the fourth detection unit and the opening of the first regulating valve, so as to adjust the influent flow rate and influent volume of the water entering the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit.

[0024] In specific implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the water-blocking plates are fixed to the side wall above the top bed side inside the shell of the biological activated carbon unit by a fixing plate. Every two adjacent water-blocking plates form a water-blocking combination. A water passage hole is opened between these two adjacent water-blocking plates. Water enters into the water-blocking combination through the water passage hole. In the water-blocking combination, every two adjacent water-blocking plates form a water-blocking combination. The biological activated carbon unit is cylindrical. The water-blocking combinations are evenly distributed in the diameter direction of the fixing plate. In the initial state, the water-blocking plates are perpendicular to the fixing plate. When the included angle changes, a V-shaped water flow channel is formed in each water-blocking combination. Multiple sets of water-blocking combinations can also be set on several evenly distributed diameters. When the included angle of adjacent water-blocking plates increases, the gap width between adjacent water-blocking plates decreases, the flow rate decreases, and the flow velocity decreases. When the included angle of adjacent water-blocking plates decreases, the gap width between adjacent water-blocking plates increases, the flow rate increases, and the flow velocity increases.

[0025] In this embodiment, the cooperation scheme between the water-blocking plate and the angle adjustment unit includes the following steps: Step 21: The mixer mixes the water from the UV disinfection unit with the dilution water and then delivers it to the biological activated carbon unit. The fourth detection unit obtains the actual hydrogen peroxide content in the water from the mixer according to the preset detection cycle. The control module reads the current opening degree of the first regulating valve and determines the current dilution water volume according to the preset calibration relationship between the opening degree of the first regulating valve and the dilution water flow rate. Step 22: The control module compares the actual hydrogen peroxide content detected by the fourth detection unit with the target hydrogen peroxide content range output by the machine learning model for the current use stage of the top bed, and determines the total output flow of the mixer based on the effluent flow rate of the ultraviolet disinfection unit and the current dilution water volume, thereby determining whether the top bed has both high hydrogen peroxide content and high influent hydraulic load. Step 23: When the actual hydrogen peroxide content is higher than the upper limit of the target content corresponding to the current use stage, the control module first increases the opening of the first regulating valve to dilute it, and determines the allowable inlet flow rate of the top bed according to the total flow rate after adjustment; when the actual hydrogen peroxide content is within the target content range but the total flow rate exceeds the target inlet flow rate range, the opening of the first regulating valve is maintained, and a water flow dispersion command is sent to the angle adjustment unit. Step 24: The angle adjustment unit adjusts the angle between adjacent baffles based on the deviation of the actual hydrogen peroxide content from the target content range, the opening of the first regulating valve, and the total output flow of the mixer. This reduces the area through which water flows between the baffles, thereby reducing the water flow into the top bed. Simultaneously, the water flows through the adjacent baffles and converges at the outlet end to flush against each other, reducing the inlet impact velocity. This maintains the required inlet flow to the top bed, preventing excessive water flow velocity from causing microbial attachment obstacles or biofilm detachment, and maintaining a suitable bed contact time. Step 25: After adjustment, the fourth detection unit detects the hydrogen peroxide content in the mixer outlet water again. The control module, in conjunction with the opening of the first regulating valve and the current angle of the baffle plate, redetermines the water inlet status of the top bed. If the hydrogen peroxide content or the inlet flow rate still exceeds the target range, the opening of the first regulating valve and the angle of the adjacent baffle plate are further corrected until the hydrogen peroxide content, flow rate, and local flow velocity of the inlet water in the top bed all meet the requirements of the current stage of use. This reduces the impact of inlet oxidative shock and hydraulic shear on microbial attachment and biofilm stability, effectively improving the water pollution control and treatment effect of natural organic matter in drinking water.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the dilution buffer unit includes an activated carbon unit, which is connected to the output of the ultraviolet disinfection unit. The activated carbon unit is connected to a mixer. The first input of the mixer is connected to a dilution water source through a second branch, and a second regulating valve is provided on the second branch. The second input of the mixer is connected to the outlet of the ultraviolet disinfection unit through a third branch, and a third regulating valve is provided on the third branch. The third input of the mixer is connected to the activated carbon unit through a fourth branch, and a fourth regulating valve is provided on the fourth branch. The outlet of the mixer is connected to the biological activated carbon unit through a fifth branch, and a fifth regulating valve is provided on the fifth branch.

[0028] It should be noted that when the biological detection unit detects that the top bed of the bio-activated carbon unit is in the initial stage of biofilm formation, the third regulating valve is closed, and the opening degrees of the second, fourth, and fifth regulating valves, as well as the parameters of the ultrasonic disinfection unit and the ultraviolet disinfection unit, are adjusted to keep the hydrogen peroxide content in the influent of the top bed stable within the threshold range that will not cause ultrasonic oxidative impact on microorganisms. When the biological detection unit detects that the top bed of the bio-activated carbon unit is in the development or maturity stage, the fourth regulating valve is closed, and the opening degrees of the second, third, and fifth regulating valves, as well as the parameters of the ultrasonic disinfection unit and the ultraviolet disinfection unit, are adjusted to keep the hydrogen peroxide content in the influent of the top bed of the bio-activated carbon stable at a level that will not cause oxidative impact on microorganisms in the inlet area, hindering microbial attachment or causing biofilm detachment, so that the top area of ​​the bed forms biological treatment capacity.

[0029] In specific implementation, the device proposed in this embodiment is implemented in the following steps: Step 31: The biological detection unit acquires the live cell coverage rate, live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio and their changes relative to the previous detection cycle of the top bed according to the preset detection cycle. Based on this, the control module determines whether the top bed is in the early stage of biofilm formation, the development stage or the mature stage, and acquires the residual amount of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent of the ultraviolet disinfection unit detected by the third detection unit, the current influent water quality and the opening degree of each regulating valve, and determines the target hydrogen peroxide content range and target influent flow range corresponding to the corresponding use stage. Step 32: When the top bed is in the initial stage of biofilm formation, the control module closes the third regulating valve to prevent the effluent from the UV disinfection unit from directly entering the mixer via the third branch, and opens the fourth regulating valve to allow the effluent from the UV disinfection unit to first flow through the activated carbon unit. The residual hydrogen peroxide content is reduced in advance by the adsorption and catalytic decomposition of activated carbon, and then sent to the mixer via the fourth branch. At the same time, the second regulating valve is opened to allow the dilution water to enter the mixer via the second branch and mix with the effluent from the activated carbon unit. Step 33: The control module adjusts the ultrasonic power, ultrasonic treatment time, ultraviolet irradiation power, ultraviolet irradiation time, and the opening of the second and fourth control valves in conjunction with the upper limit of the target hydrogen peroxide content corresponding to the initial biofilm formation stage. It also limits the flow rate of the mixed water entering the top bed through the fifth control valve. When the hydrogen peroxide content after mixing is detected to be too high, the activated carbon treatment flow rate or dilution water volume is increased first. If necessary, the parameters of the ultrasonic disinfection unit and the ultraviolet disinfection unit are adjusted to reduce the ultrasonic release of solid hydrogen peroxide or enhance the effectiveness of ultraviolet disinfection, so as to reduce the amount of hydrogen peroxide involved in the effluent of the ultraviolet disinfection unit, avoid oxidative shock, and provide a stable environment for microbial attachment and initial biofilm formation. Step 34: When the top bed enters the development or maturity stage, the control module closes the fourth regulating valve to stop the activated carbon unit effluent from entering the mixer, and opens the third regulating valve to allow the UV disinfection unit effluent to directly enter the mixer via the third branch. Based on the hydrogen peroxide tolerance and quenching capacity already formed in the top bed at this stage, the opening of the second and third regulating valves is adjusted, and the ultrasonic disinfection and UV disinfection parameters are simultaneously corrected to keep the residual hydrogen peroxide content within the allowable range for the current stage, reducing unnecessary pre-activated carbon treatment and dilution water consumption. Step 35: The control module provides feedback correction to the second to fifth regulating valves and the pre-disinfection parameters based on the hydrogen peroxide content in the mixer effluent and the flow rate of the fifth branch. When the usage stage changes, the opening and closing states of the third and fourth regulating valves are gradually switched within the preset transition period to avoid sudden changes in concentration or flow rate caused by instantaneous switching of the flow path, until the hydrogen peroxide content and flow rate of the top bed influent are stable within the target range of the corresponding stage. This balances the protection of microorganisms in the early stage of biofilm formation with the treatment efficiency in the development and maturity stages, effectively improving the water pollution control and treatment effect of natural organic matter in drinking water.

[0030] Other forms of dilution buffer units besides the first to fourth embodiments proposed in this invention, which can achieve the purpose of this invention, are also within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0032] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide, comprising an ultrasonic disinfection unit connected to an ultraviolet disinfection unit, the ultrasonic disinfection unit having a dosing unit for dosing solid hydrogen peroxide using fixed parameters, characterized in that: The ultraviolet disinfection unit is connected to a dilution buffer unit via a first branch. The dilution buffer unit is connected to a control module. The ultrasonic disinfection unit has a water quality detection unit at its inlet. The ultrasonic disinfection unit and the ultraviolet disinfection unit each have first and second detection units, which are used to detect the release of solid hydrogen peroxide and the effectiveness of ultraviolet disinfection, respectively. A third detection unit is located on the first branch to detect the residual amount of hydrogen peroxide in the effluent of the ultraviolet disinfection unit. The dilution buffer unit adjusts the dilution water volume for the first time based on the parameters of the third detection unit. The dilution buffer unit is connected to a biological activated carbon unit. A biological detection unit is located on the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit. The biological detection unit is connected to the control module. The control module takes the parameters of the biological detection unit, the water quality detection unit, the dosing unit, and the first and second detection units as inputs. Through a machine learning model, it outputs the adjustment parameters of ultrasonic disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection, as well as the second dilution adjustment command of the dilution buffer unit. This ensures that the hydrogen peroxide content and flow rate of the influent to the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit are adapted to the current stage of use. In the early stage of biofilm formation, it will not cause oxidative shock to the microorganisms. In the development or maturity stage, it will maintain an appropriate influent hydrogen peroxide content and dilution water volume.

2. The drinking water treatment equipment using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the biological activated carbon unit, the top bed is the activated carbon bed between the inlet surface of the biological activated carbon unit and the first friction detection section along the water flow direction. The first friction detection section is located below the inlet surface and the distance between it and the inlet surface does not exceed 40% of the total height of the biological activated carbon bed.

3. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The biodetection unit includes an activated carbon sampling component, a fluorescence staining component, a fluorescence imaging component, and an image processing component. The activated carbon sampling component includes at least one sampling chamber located within the top bed, filled with the same granular activated carbon as the top bed. The fluorescence staining component includes a first staining branch for applying the green fluorescent nucleic acid dye Syto9 to the activated carbon sample and a second staining branch for applying the red fluorescent nucleic acid dye propidium iodide, used to label microorganisms with intact cell membranes and microorganisms with damaged cell membranes, respectively. The fluorescence imaging component is used to acquire green fluorescence images and red fluorescence images of the activated carbon sample at the same magnification, excitation parameters, and imaging depth. The image processing component... The first component is used to determine the area and intensity of the green fluorescent region in the green fluorescence image and the area and intensity of the red fluorescent region in the red fluorescence image, respectively. The ratio of the area of ​​the green fluorescent region to the area of ​​the effective observation region is determined as the live cell coverage, and the ratio of the green fluorescence intensity to the red fluorescence intensity is determined as the live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio. The second component is used to average the live cell coverage and live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio obtained from multiple observation regions within the same detection cycle, and input the average value of the live cell coverage and live-dead cell fluorescence intensity ratio and its change relative to the previous detection cycle into the machine learning model. The output labels of the machine learning model include the early stage of cell attachment, the development stage, and the maturity stage.

4. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dilution buffer unit includes a mixer. The first input end of the mixer is connected to the outlet end of the ultraviolet disinfection unit. The second input end of the mixer is connected to a dilution water source. A first regulating valve is provided between the dilution water source and the mixer. The output end of the mixer is connected to the inlet end of the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit.

5. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fourth detection unit is provided between the mixer and the biological activated carbon unit. The fourth detection unit is used to detect the hydrogen peroxide content in the effluent from the mixer. Several baffles are provided on the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit. The baffles are connected to an angle adjustment unit. The angle adjustment unit adjusts the included angle between adjacent baffles according to the parameters of the fourth detection unit and the opening of the first regulating valve, so as to adjust the influent flow rate and influent volume entering the top bed of the biological activated carbon unit.

6. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several adjacent water-blocking plates form a water-blocking combination. The biological activated carbon unit is cylindrical. The water-blocking combination is evenly distributed in the diameter direction of the fixed plate. In the initial state, the water-blocking plates are perpendicular to the fixed plate. When the angle changes, a V-shaped water flow channel is formed in each water-blocking combination.

7. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dilution buffer unit includes an activated carbon unit, which is connected to the output of the ultraviolet disinfection unit. The activated carbon unit is connected to a mixer. The first input of the mixer is connected to a dilution water source through a second branch, and a second regulating valve is provided on the second branch. The second input of the mixer is connected to the outlet of the ultraviolet disinfection unit through a third branch, and a third regulating valve is provided on the third branch. The third input of the mixer is connected to the activated carbon unit through a fourth branch, and a fourth regulating valve is provided on the fourth branch. The outlet of the mixer is connected to the biological activated carbon unit through a fifth branch, and a fifth regulating valve is provided on the fifth branch.

8. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the biological detection unit detects that the top bed of the bio-activated carbon unit is in the initial stage of biofilm formation, the third regulating valve is closed, and the opening degrees of the second, fourth, and fifth regulating valves, as well as the parameters of the ultrasonic disinfection unit and the ultraviolet disinfection unit, are adjusted to keep the hydrogen peroxide content in the influent of the top bed stable within the threshold range that will not cause ultrasonic oxidative impact on microorganisms. When the biological detection unit detects that the top bed of the bio-activated carbon unit is in the development or maturity stage, the fourth regulating valve is closed, and the opening degrees of the second, third, and fifth regulating valves, as well as the parameters of the ultrasonic disinfection unit and the ultraviolet disinfection unit, are adjusted to keep the hydrogen peroxide content in the influent of the top bed of the bio-activated carbon stable at a level that will not cause oxidative impact on microorganisms in the inlet area, hindering microbial attachment or causing biofilm detachment, so that the top area of ​​the bed forms biological treatment capacity.

9. A drinking water treatment device using solid hydrogen peroxide according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The control module is equipped with a cascaded machine learning model, which includes a stage classification sub-model, a stage constraint module, and a parameter generation sub-model. The stage classification sub-model takes the output of the biodetection unit and the cumulative running time of the bioactivated carbon unit as input, and outputs a bioactivated carbon usage stage label. The stage constraint module determines the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow rate range of the top bed based on the trial stage label; the parameter generation sub-model takes the influent water quality, solid hydrogen peroxide release, UV disinfection effectiveness, hydrogen peroxide residue in the third detection unit, dilution water volume after the first adjustment, and the label as input, and outputs ultrasonic adjustment parameters, UV disinfection adjustment parameters, second dilution water volume, and target influent flow rate of the top bed within the target hydrogen peroxide content range and influent flow rate range of the top bed.

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