Denitrification denitrogenation sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method

Abstract

This invention relates to a denitrification wastewater treatment device and method, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment technology. It includes an outer chamber, an inner chamber, an aeration mechanism, and a sludge discharge mechanism. The inner chamber is located within the outer chamber. The aeration mechanism creates an aerobic environment within the inner chamber and an anoxic environment between the outer and inner chambers, enabling synergistic nitrification and denitrification reactions. Internal and external microbial protection elements are used for graded retention and sludge enrichment, working in conjunction with flow guides, a grid structure, and flow guide components to construct internal and external circulation paths, improving reaction efficiency. Directional sludge deposition is achieved through internal and external inclined bottoms, and first and second sludge discharge components are used for zoned discharge of sludge from different areas, thereby reducing mutual interference and maintaining a high concentration of active sludge. This invention also provides a corresponding treatment method, achieving stable system operation and efficient denitrification through influent arrangement, zoned reaction, flow exchange, and zoned sludge discharge control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of wastewater purification and treatment equipment, and in particular to a denitrification wastewater treatment equipment and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of biological nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment, denitrification typically achieves total nitrogen removal by creating an operating environment that combines aerobic and anoxic zones within the reactor, thereby realizing the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen and the denitrification of nitrates. Existing technologies often employ internal and external cylinder structures, zoned aeration structures, or integrated reactor structures, allowing wastewater to undergo different stages of biochemical reactions within the same device.

[0003] During long-term operation, a sludge settling system will gradually form inside the reactor. This system usually exhibits obvious stratification: the upper part is a layer of suspended or lightly settled activated sludge flocs, the middle part is a layer of highly active sludge that mainly participates in the reaction, and the lower part is a layer of aged sludge that has been deposited for a long time, has a high density, and is gradually mineralized.

[0004] To address the aforementioned sludge deposition problem, existing technologies typically involve installing a bottom sludge discharge pipe, periodically opening the sludge discharge valve, and using a stirring device or scraping device to discharge or clean the sludge at the bottom of the reactor, in order to prevent excessive sludge accumulation from affecting the effective volume and operational stability of the reactor.

[0005] However, functional microorganisms such as denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria are mainly concentrated in the sludge floc layer, while the sludge deposited at the bottom of the reactor is mostly low-activity, aged sludge. Current technologies typically cannot distinguish between different sludge layers during sludge discharge or disturbance, easily leading to the loss of highly active sludge and damage to the sludge bed structure, affecting treatment stability. Furthermore, there is a lack of independent control methods for the differences in sludge characteristics between the aerobic and anoxic zones.

[0006] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, how to selectively remove the bottom aged sludge while retaining the upper activated sludge, and meet the requirements for zoned sludge discharge, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problem of selectively removing bottom aged sludge while retaining upper activated sludge, this invention provides a denitrification wastewater treatment device and method.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a denitrification wastewater treatment device, which adopts the following technical solution: A denitrification wastewater treatment device includes an outer casing, an inner casing, an aeration mechanism, and a sludge discharge mechanism. The inner casing is fixedly installed inside the outer casing. Wastewater pipes are connected to both ends of the outer casing, and a clean water discharge pipe is connected to the top of the outer casing. The aeration mechanism for providing oxygen to the inner casing is fixedly installed inside the inner casing. The bottom of the outer casing is fixedly installed with an outer sloping bottom, and an outer sterilization component is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer sloping bottom; an inner sterilization component is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner casing, the inner sterilization component includes multiple first support rods and multiple guide plates, one end of the first support rod is fixedly installed on the guide plate, and the other end of the first support rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner casing, and the gap between the first support rod and the guide plate forms a flow guide. The sludge removal mechanism includes a first sludge removal component and a second sludge removal component. The first sludge removal component is located at the bottom of the outer sloping bottom and is used to clean the sludge generated in the outer casing. The second sludge removal component is located at the bottom of the inner casing and is used to clean the sludge generated in the inner casing.

[0009] Preferably, the internal bacteria-preserving component further includes multiple baffles, which are fixedly installed on the guide plate, and the end of the guide plate away from the first support rod is inclined downward.

[0010] Preferably, the external antibacterial component includes a plurality of first grid plates and a plurality of first base plates, the first base plates being fixedly installed on the inclined surface of the outer inclined bottom, and the first grid plates being fixedly installed on the first base plates in sequence.

[0011] Preferably, the external bacterial protection component further includes a second support rod, and multiple second support rods are provided. One end of the second support rod is fixedly installed on the first base plate, and the other end of the second support rod is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the outer sloping bottom. A mud guiding zone is formed between the first base plate and the inclined surface of the outer sloping bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the inner box is fixedly installed with an inner sloping bottom, and the second sludge discharge assembly is disposed at the bottom end of the inner sloping bottom; the outer bacteria protection component also includes a plurality of second grid plates and a plurality of second bottom plates, the second bottom plates are fixedly installed on the outer end face of the inner sloping bottom, the second grid plates are fixedly installed on the second bottom plates, and the second grid plates are disposed opposite to the first grid plates.

[0013] Preferably, a flow guide plate is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the inner box, and multiple openings are provided on the inner box at the bottom end of the flow guide plate. Multiple flow guide plates are fixedly installed on the inner end of the inner box near the openings.

[0014] Preferably, the aeration mechanism includes an air pipe, an aeration plate, and multiple aeration nozzles. The aeration plate is fixedly installed in the inner box, the air pipe extends into the inner box and communicates with the aeration plate, the aeration nozzles are fixedly installed on the aeration plate, and the aeration nozzles are communicated with the air pipe through the aeration plate.

[0015] Preferably, the aeration mechanism further includes an air guide plate, which is fixedly installed at an angle at the bottom of the aeration plate, and one end of the aeration nozzle is fixedly clipped onto the air guide plate, with the aeration nozzle being inclined downwards.

[0016] Preferably, the first mud discharge assembly includes a first mud discharge bottom shell, a first mud discharge shaft, a first mud discharge screw plate, a first mud discharge pipe, and a first motor. The first mud discharge bottom shell is fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two outer inclined bottoms. The first mud discharge shaft is rotatably installed on the outer housing. The first motor is fixedly installed on one side of the outer housing. The first motor is drively connected to the first mud discharge shaft. The first mud discharge screw plate is spirally fixedly installed on the first mud discharge shaft. The first mud discharge pipe is connected to the outer housing at one end of the first mud discharge bottom shell. The second mud discharge assembly includes a second mud discharge bottom shell, a second mud discharge shaft, a second mud discharge screw plate, a second mud discharge pipe, and a second motor. The second mud discharge bottom shell is fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two inner inclined bottoms. The second mud discharge shaft is rotatably installed at both ends of the outer housing. The second motor is fixedly installed on one side of the outer housing and is drively connected to the second mud discharge shaft. The second mud discharge screw plate is spirally fixedly installed on the second mud discharge shaft. The second mud discharge pipe is connected to one end of the second mud discharge bottom shell on the outer housing.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for treating denitrification wastewater, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for treating denitrification wastewater includes the denitrification wastewater treatment equipment as described in the first aspect, and the following steps: Water inlet arrangement: The sewage to be treated is continuously or intermittently introduced into the outer tank through the sewage pipe, so that the sewage first enters the area between the outer tank and the inner tank, and gradually flows towards the inner tank; Zonal reaction: Oxygen is supplied to the inner tank through the aeration mechanism to create an aerobic reaction environment inside the inner tank, and an anoxic reaction environment is created between the outer and inner tanks, so that the wastewater can undergo nitrification and denitrification reactions respectively to achieve nitrogen conversion. Flow exchange: Under the action of the diversion plate, the guide plate and the opening, the sewage forms a circulation flow between the inner and outer tanks and exchanges with the water, so that the reaction substrates between different areas can fully contact each other and improve the reaction efficiency. Sludge classification and retention: The sludge produced during the reaction process gradually settles under gravity. The activated sludge is retained at the inner and outer bacterial protection elements and forms a stable sludge layer. Some fine particles migrate downwards through the guide port and grid structure. Sludge guided sedimentation: Under the guidance of the inner inclined bottom, some of the sinking sludge gathers to the bottom of the inner box, and under the guidance of the outer inclined bottom, some of the sinking sludge gathers to the bottom of the outer box and enters the corresponding sludge discharge area, realizing the zoned aggregation of sludge. Sludge conveying: The first sludge discharge assembly discharges sludge from the bottom area of ​​the outer box, and the second sludge discharge assembly discharges sludge from the bottom area of ​​the inner box, thus achieving sludge discharge in separate zones; Zoned sludge discharge control: Based on the difference in sludge properties between the inner and outer chambers, the first and second sludge discharge components are activated separately to discharge the sludge at the bottom of the two zones independently, and different sludge discharge cycles or sludge discharge intensities can be used for adjustment. Stable operation with microbial protection: During the sludge discharge process, the upper layer of activated sludge is retained by the internal and external microbial protection components, reducing the loss of highly active microorganisms, maintaining the sludge concentration and biological activity in the reactor, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting up a first and second grid plate arranged opposite to each other at the interface between the inner and outer chambers, the sludge is sorted according to its movement behavior and physical characteristics during migration. The floating flocculent sludge preferentially adheres to the second grid plate area, where the microbial activity is higher; while the denser sludge with more inorganic components settles on the first grid plate and at the bottom. This structure achieves spatial stratification of sludge based on differences in colony activity, thereby increasing the effective retention ratio of highly active sludge and enhancing the system's bioreactivity.

[0019] 2. By tilting the aeration nozzles downwards and combining them with an air guide plate structure, the rising path of the bubbles is shifted towards the inner sidewall of the tank, forming a concentrated upward airflow band. This airflow distribution enhances the water traction capacity in the inlet and guide port areas, improving recirculation efficiency; on the other hand, it reduces airflow disturbance in the central area of ​​the inner tank, thus providing a relatively stable settling environment for suspended particles. This achieves synergistic control of airflow drive and sludge settling, strengthening flow while avoiding damage to the settling system.

[0020] 3. Through the coordinated arrangement of the diversion plate, inlet, and guide plate, the water that has completed the denitrification reaction in the outer tank is guided downward into the inner tank by the airflow, thus establishing a stable return path. This structure achieves water circulation between the anoxic and aerobic zones without the need for additional complex power, allowing nitrification and denitrification reactions to occur continuously within the same device, improving the degree of reaction coupling, and thus effectively enhancing the overall nitrogen removal efficiency.

[0021] 4. By incorporating inclined guide plates and baffles, the rising airflow disperses along the surface of the guide plates after passing through the inlet, and a local deceleration zone is formed under the action of the baffles, making it easier for flocculent sludge to adhere and accumulate in the guide plate area. Simultaneously, the guide plates buffer and guide the airflow, reducing the scouring effect of the airflow on the settling sludge below. This structure achieves a coordinated unity between sludge attachment and growth and natural settling without affecting the overall flow, thereby improving microbial retention capacity and system stability.

[0022] 5. By installing independent spiral sludge discharge structures at the bottom of the outer and inner chambers, sludge settled in different areas can be continuously transported and discharged along their respective paths. The bottom of the outer chamber primarily discharges sludge with higher inorganic content and lower activity, while the bottom of the inner chamber handles the controlled discharge of sludge rich in active microorganisms. This avoids mixing of different types of sludge and reduces disturbance to the upper layer of highly active sludge, thereby improving system stability and treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in the middle section; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the sludge removal mechanism; Figure 6 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, outer casing; 101, sewage pipe; 102, clean water discharge pipe; 200, inner casing; 201, inner sloping bottom; 202, opening; 300, aeration mechanism; 301, air vent pipe; 302, aeration plate; 303, aeration nozzle; 304, air guide plate; 400, outer sloping bottom; 500, outer bacterial protection element; 501, first grid plate; 502, first bottom plate; 503, second support rod; 504, second grid plate; 505, second bottom plate; 600, inner bacterial protection element; 601. First support rod; 602, guide plate; 603, baffle; 604, guide port; 700, diverter plate; 701, guide plate; 800, sludge discharge mechanism; 810, first sludge discharge assembly; 811, first sludge discharge bottom shell; 812, first sludge discharge shaft; 813, first sludge discharge screw plate; 814, first sludge discharge pipe; 815, first motor; 820, second sludge discharge assembly; 821, second sludge discharge bottom shell; 822, second sludge discharge shaft; 823, second sludge discharge screw plate; 824, second sludge discharge pipe; 825, second motor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: This invention discloses a denitrification wastewater treatment system. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 6 A denitrification wastewater treatment device mainly includes an outer casing 100, an inner casing 200, an aeration mechanism 300, and a sludge discharge mechanism 800. The inner casing 200 is fixedly installed inside the outer casing 100. Wastewater pipes 101 are connected to both ends of the outer casing 100, and a clean water discharge pipe 102 is connected to the top of the outer casing 100. The aeration mechanism 300, used to provide oxygen to the inner casing 200, is fixedly installed inside the inner casing 200. An outer sloping bottom 400 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer casing 100, and an outer bacteria protection element 500 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer sloping bottom 400. An inner bacteria protection element 600 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner casing 200. The sterilization component 600 includes multiple first support rods 601 and multiple guide plates 602. One end of the first support rod 601 is fixedly installed on the guide plate 602, and the other end of the first support rod 601 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner box 200. The gap between the first support rod 601 and the guide plate 602 forms a guide port 604. The sludge discharge mechanism 800 includes a first sludge discharge assembly 810 and a second sludge discharge assembly 820. The first sludge discharge assembly 810 is located at the bottom of the outer sloping bottom 400 and is used to clean the sludge generated in the outer box 100. The second sludge discharge assembly 820 is located at the bottom of the inner box 200 and is used to clean the sludge generated in the inner box 200.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the wastewater to be treated enters the equipment through the wastewater pipes 101 at both ends of the outer casing 100. It first enters the area between the outer casing 100 and the inner casing 200, and gradually flows towards the inner casing 200 under the push of the water flow. During this process, the aeration mechanism 300 located in the inner casing 200 continuously supplies oxygen into the inner casing 200, so that the area of ​​the inner casing 200 forms an aerobic reaction environment, while the area of ​​the outer casing 100 forms a relatively hypoxic environment, thereby carrying out nitrification and denitrification reactions respectively.

[0032] The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment also includes a circulation device, which includes a circulation pipe and a pump. One end of the circulation pipe extends to the middle area of ​​the outer casing 100, and the other end extends into the interior of the inner casing 200. The pump is installed on the circulation pipe and is used to transport the water in the outer casing 100 to the inner casing 200.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the wastewater to be treated enters the equipment through the wastewater pipes 101 at both ends of the outer casing 100. It first enters the area between the outer casing 100 and the inner casing 200, and gradually flows towards the inner casing 200 under the push of the water flow. During this process, the aeration mechanism 300 located in the inner casing 200 continuously supplies oxygen into the inner casing 200, and releases the gas evenly in the form of dispersed bubbles through the aeration structure, forming a stable upward airflow inside the inner casing 200.

[0034] The rising airflow flows along the inner wall of the inner box 200 during its ascent and passes through the guide port 604 area formed between the first support rod 601 and the guide plate 602. Under the action of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, it continuously disturbs and mixes the water inside the inner box 200 on the one hand, and drives the sludge particles to migrate in a directional manner on the other hand. Among them, some flocculent sludge comes into contact with the guide plate 602 and adheres to the surface of the guide plate 602 during the airflow process, gradually forming a stable microbial colony structure, while the remaining sludge continues to settle under the action of gravity.

[0035] Meanwhile, due to the structural design of the guide plate 602 and the first support rod 601, the sludge particles are selectively intercepted while ensuring smooth airflow. This allows the attached microbial community to exist stably in the area of ​​the guide plate 602, thereby achieving local enrichment of sludge and maintenance of biomass without affecting the overall settling process.

[0036] During the reaction, the sludge produced gradually settles under the influence of gravity. The upper layer of activated sludge is retained in the reaction area by the interception effect of the inner and outer bacterial protection components 600 and 500, while some of the denser sludge continues to settle downwards. The settled sludge is guided by the outer inclined bottom 400 to the bottom of the outer box 100, and with the cooperation of the bottom structure of the inner box 200, it is collected in the bottom area of ​​the inner box 200, thus forming a sludge distribution state of zoned deposition.

[0037] When the sludge accumulates to a certain extent in the bottom area, the sludge at the bottom of the outer box 100 is discharged through the first sludge discharge assembly 810 set at the bottom of the outer sloping bottom 400, and the sludge at the bottom of the inner box 200 is discharged through the second sludge discharge assembly 820 set at the bottom of the inner box 200, thereby realizing the zoned discharge of sludge from different areas.

[0038] Based on the above operation process, the present invention not only achieves graded retention of sludge through the inner and outer bacterial protection components 600 and 500, but also enables some activated sludge to attach to and accumulate in the area of ​​the guide plate 602 through the synergistic effect of the stable upward airflow formed by the aeration mechanism 300 and the structure of the guide plate 602. While ensuring the sedimentation and separation effect, it improves the retention capacity of microorganisms in the system, thereby maintaining a high biological concentration and improving the reaction stability.

[0039] Meanwhile, by setting an externally inclined bottom 400 structure, the sludge is directed to the bottom under the action of gravity, which is conducive to concentrating the aged sludge with a longer deposition time and higher density in the bottom area, providing a structural basis for subsequent selective sludge discharge; combined with the partitioning of the first sludge discharge component 810 and the second sludge discharge component 820, sludge from different areas can be discharged independently, reducing disturbance to the upper layer of highly active sludge and maintaining the stability of the sludge bed structure.

[0040] In addition, the inner chamber 200 creates an aerobic environment, the outer chamber 100 creates a relatively hypoxic environment, and the circulation device enables water recirculation, so that nitrification and denitrification reactions can be carried out in the same equipment, thereby improving the overall denitrification efficiency.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the inner antibacterial component 600 further includes a plurality of baffles 603, which are fixedly mounted on the guide plate 602, and the end of the guide plate 602 away from the first support rod 601 is inclined downward.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, the guide plate 602 in the inner bacterial preservation component 600 is inclined downward at the end away from the first support rod 601, and multiple baffles 603 are provided on the guide plate 602. During the process of the rising airflow generated by the aeration mechanism 300 rising along the inner wall of the inner box 200 and passing through the guide port 604, when the airflow passes through the area of ​​the guide plate 602, its flow path is deflected under the guidance of the inclined guide plate 602, changing from the original relatively vertical rising to a dispersed flow along the surface of the guide plate 602.

[0043] During this process, on the one hand, some of the flocculent sludge carried by the rising airflow is slowed down and partially retained by the baffle 603, making it easier for the sludge to adhere to the surface of the guide plate 602 and the baffle 603, thereby forming a more stable microbial attachment layer in the area of ​​the guide plate 602; on the other hand, the inclined guide plate 602 guides and buffers the airflow, reducing the direct scouring intensity of the airflow on the sedimented sludge below, thereby avoiding damage to the sludge stratification structure.

[0044] Meanwhile, with the combined action of the baffle 603 and the guide plate 602, the gas-liquid two-phase flow forms a flow environment with less disturbance in the local area, which allows some activated sludge to preferentially accumulate in the area of ​​the guide plate 602, while the sludge with higher density can still continue to settle downward under the action of gravity, thereby achieving an orderly distribution of sludge in space.

[0045] Based on the above structure and operation mode, this embodiment, on the basis of claim 1, further enhances the interception and attachment capacity of activated sludge by synergistically setting baffles 603 and inclined guide plates 602 without changing the overall aeration and settling process, so that microbial colonies can grow and accumulate more stably in the area of ​​guide plate 602; at the same time, by guiding and weakening the airflow path, the disturbance of airflow to the sludge settling system is reduced, and the coordination and unity between sludge attachment and enrichment and natural settling process is achieved, thereby further improving the system's operational stability and denitrification efficiency.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments, the external antibacterial component 500 includes a plurality of first grid plates 501 and a plurality of first base plates 502. The first base plates 502 are fixedly installed on the inclined surface of the outer inclined bottom 400, and the first grid plates 501 are sequentially fixedly installed on the first base plates 502.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, the outer protective component 500 includes a plurality of first grid plates 501 and a plurality of first bottom plates 502. The first bottom plates 502 are fixedly installed on the inclined surface of the outer inclined bottom 400, and the plurality of first grid plates 501 are sequentially fixedly installed on the first bottom plates 502, thereby forming a graded blocking unit with a gap structure in the inclined area at the bottom of the outer casing 100.

[0048] During equipment operation, wastewater first enters the area between the outer casing 100 and the inner casing 200, and flows along the space of the outer casing 100 under the propulsion of the water flow. During this process, the area of ​​the outer casing 100 is in a relatively oxygen-deficient environment, and the suspended sludge particles in the water migrate under the action of the water flow. Some of the sludge is blocked and intercepted by the gap structure of the first grid plate 501 when it flows through the area where the outer protective component 500 is located.

[0049] Specifically, the flow velocity changes as the water flows through the gaps between multiple first grid plates 501. Larger particles or flocculent sludge are preferentially trapped between the grid plates or on their surfaces, while some smaller particles continue to move towards the inner tank 200 with the water flow. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the trapped sludge gradually deposits on the surface of the first bottom plate 502 and the outer inclined bottom 400, and slowly converges towards the bottom area of ​​the outer tank 100 under the guidance of the inclined surface.

[0050] In addition, due to the combination of the first grid plate 501 and the first bottom plate 502, a multi-level buffer structure is formed in the bottom area of ​​the outer box 100, which makes the water flow in the area dispersed, thereby reducing the overall flow velocity and disturbance intensity, and providing relatively stable hydraulic conditions for sludge settling and retention.

[0051] Based on the above structure and operation mode, this embodiment, on the basis of claims 1 and 2, by setting an external microbial protection component 500 composed of a first grid plate 501 and a first bottom plate 502 in the outer box 100, can achieve pre-interception and graded separation of sludge before entering the inner box 200, so that some activated sludge can be preferentially retained in the anoxic area of ​​the outer box 100, which is beneficial to maintaining the biomass required for denitrification reaction.

[0052] Meanwhile, the grid structure disperses and weakens the water flow, reducing the impact of water disturbance on the settled sludge. Combined with the guiding effect of the 400mm outer sloping bottom, the denser sludge can be stably deposited and concentrated at the bottom, thereby further improving the sludge zoning management effect.

[0053] Furthermore, the outer protective microbial element 500 and the inner protective microbial element 600 work synergistically: the outer protective microbial element 500 is mainly used for primary retention and coarse classification separation in the outer chamber 100 area, while the inner protective microbial element 600 is used for fine retention and attachment enrichment in the inner chamber 200 area. This forms a progressive sludge control system from the outside to the inside within the entire device, achieving orderly control of sludge distribution and improving system operational stability without adding additional power structures.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, the external bacterial protection component 500 further includes a second support rod 503. Multiple second support rods 503 are provided. One end of the second support rod 503 is fixedly installed on the first base plate 502, and the other end of the second support rod 503 is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the outer sloping bottom 400. A mud guiding zone is formed between the first base plate 502 and the inclined surface of the outer sloping bottom 400.

[0055] During equipment operation, sewage enters the outer casing 100 and flows towards the inner casing 200 along a predetermined flow path. When the sludge particles carried in the water pass through the outer protective component 500 area, they are initially intercepted by the first grid plate 501 and then settle towards the first bottom plate 502 and the outer inclined bottom 400 under the action of gravity.

[0056] Based on this, since the second support rod 503 supports the first bottom plate 502 and the outer inclined bottom 400 to form an interstitial space, after the settled sludge enters the sludge guiding zone, it slides in a directional direction under the guidance of the inclined surface of the outer inclined bottom 400 and gradually gathers towards the bottom of the outer box 100; at the same time, the spatial structure in the sludge guiding zone plays a buffering role on the water flow, reducing the flow velocity in the area, thereby reducing the disturbance to the settled sludge.

[0057] By guiding the sludge migration path through the sludge guiding zone, the sludge can be directed to the bottom, increasing the sedimentation concentration; at the same time, it reduces flow disturbance and enhances settling stability, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of subsequent sludge discharge.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, an inner inclined bottom 201 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner box 200, and a second sludge discharge assembly 820 is disposed at the bottom end of the inner inclined bottom 201; the outer bacteria protection component 500 also includes a plurality of second grid plates 504 and a plurality of second bottom plates 505, the second bottom plates 505 are fixedly installed on the outer end face of the inner inclined bottom 201, the second grid plates 504 are fixedly installed on the second bottom plates 505, and the second grid plates 504 are disposed opposite to the first grid plates 501.

[0059] During equipment operation, some of the less dense flocculent sludge in the sludge after initial settling inside the outer casing 100 is prone to float up under the influence of water flow disturbance and airflow, and migrates to the interface area between the inner and outer casings 100; when this part of the sludge moves to the area where the second grid plate 504 is located, it adheres to and remains on the surface of the second grid plate 504 under the action of the grid structure.

[0060] Meanwhile, the first grid plate 501 in the bottom area of ​​the outer casing 100 mainly intercepts the early settling sludge. This part of the sludge has a high proportion of inorganic components and relatively low microbial activity, and gradually gathers towards the bottom of the outer sloping bottom 400 under the action of gravity.

[0061] Based on this, the second grid plate 504 is arranged opposite to the first grid plate 501, so that sludge from different sources and of different properties can be spatially distributed in zones: the floating and migrating flocculent activated sludge preferentially attaches to the area of ​​the second grid plate 504 near the inner box 200, while the sludge with higher density and lower activity is mainly retained in the first grid plate 501 and the bottom area.

[0062] The second grid plate 504 adheres to and traps the floating flocculent sludge, thus preferentially retaining the sludge population with high microbial activity. At the same time, the first grid plate 501 traps and separates the low-activity sludge, allowing different types of activated sludge to be spatially stratified, thereby increasing the effective retention ratio of high-activity sludge and helping to maintain the overall biological reaction efficiency of the system.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, a flow guide plate 700 is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the inner box 200. The bottom end of the flow guide plate 700 has multiple openings 202 on the inner box 200. Multiple flow guide plates 701 are fixedly installed on the inner end of the inner box 200 near the openings 202.

[0064] During equipment operation, the water that has completed the anoxic reaction inside the outer casing 100 moves upward along the outer area of ​​the inner casing 200 under the action of the airflow generated by the aeration mechanism 300, and gradually rises to a position close to the diversion plate 700. When the water rises to the area of ​​the diversion plate 700, under the blocking and guiding action of the diversion plate 700, its flow direction changes from upward to horizontal and downward along the surface of the diversion plate 700.

[0065] Subsequently, under the influence of gravity, the water enters the inner tank 200 through multiple openings 202 at the bottom of the diversion plate 700. During the entry process, the diversion plate 701 further disperses and guides the water flow, so that the water entering the inner tank 200 forms a relatively uniform downward flow state and works synergistically with the aeration airflow in the inner tank 200 to participate in the aerobic reaction process.

[0066] By coordinating the diversion plate 700 with the inlet 202, the water that has completed the reaction in the outer chamber 100 can form an upward-backflow path under the action of airflow and be reintroduced into the inner chamber 200 to participate in the aerobic reaction, thereby constructing a stable internal and external circulation flow. At the same time, the diversion plate 701 disperses the incoming water flow, improves the uniformity of water distribution, enhances the sufficiency of the reaction, and is conducive to improving the overall treatment efficiency.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 In some embodiments, the aeration mechanism 300 includes an air pipe 301, an aeration plate 302, and a plurality of aeration nozzles 303. The aeration plate 302 is fixedly installed in the inner box 200, the air pipe 301 extends into the inner box 200 and communicates with the aeration plate 302, and the aeration nozzles 303 are fixedly installed on the aeration plate 302 and communicate with the air pipe 301 through the aeration plate 302.

[0068] During equipment operation, external air is supplied to the aeration plate 302 through the vent pipe 301 and released into the water body of the inner tank 200 in the form of bubbles through multiple aeration nozzles 303, thereby forming a uniformly distributed upward airflow within the inner tank 200. On the one hand, the bubbles continuously transfer oxygen to the water body during their ascent, providing sufficient dissolved oxygen for the microorganisms within the inner tank 200 to promote aerobic reactions; on the other hand, the upward airflow continuously disturbs and lifts the water body, creating a bottom-up flow trend within the inner tank 200.

[0069] Based on this, the upward flow, in conjunction with the return path formed by the aforementioned diversion plate 700 and the opening 202, promotes the circulation of water between the inner and outer tanks 100, so that the water treated by the outer tank 100 can be continuously introduced into the inner tank 200 to participate in the aerobic reaction, and then participate in the overall circulation process again after the reaction.

[0070] Meanwhile, the dispersed arrangement of multiple aeration nozzles 303 ensures that bubbles are evenly released in the bottom area of ​​the inner chamber 200, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient aeration in certain areas and improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0071] The aeration unit 300 provides dissolved oxygen while creating a stable upward airflow, which enhances the aerobic reaction and drives the water circulation. The distributed arrangement of the nozzles improves the uniformity of aeration and the efficiency of gas-liquid contact, thereby improving the overall reaction efficiency and system stability.

[0072] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, the aeration mechanism 300 further includes an air guide plate 304, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the aeration plate 302 at an angle, and one end of the aeration nozzle 303 is fixedly snapped onto the air guide plate 304, with the aeration nozzle 303 being set at an angle downward.

[0073] During equipment operation, gas enters the aeration plate 302 through the vent pipe 301 and is then sprayed downwards at an angle through the inclined aeration nozzles 303. The air bubbles, under the influence of buoyancy in the water, move upwards along a path opposite to the spray direction, thus forming an upward-sloping airflow trajectory. During this process, due to the inclined arrangement of the aeration nozzles 303, the rising path of the air bubbles gradually shifts towards the side wall of the inner chamber 200, and they converge in the vicinity of the inner wall of the inner chamber 200, forming a relatively concentrated upward airflow band.

[0074] Based on this, the rising airflow near the side wall of the inner box 200 guides the water at the adjacent opening 202, making it easier for the water in this area to rise and enter the guide port 604, thereby enhancing the introduction effect of the return water from the outer box 100 into the inner box 200; at the same time, due to the relatively weakened airflow distribution in the middle area of ​​the inner box 200, the rising disturbance is reduced, making this area more conducive to the downward settling of suspended particles and their convergence towards the inner sloping bottom 201.

[0075] By tilting the aeration nozzles 303, the airflow is guided to concentrate on the side wall of the inner chamber 200, thereby enhancing the backflow attraction in the opening 202 area while reducing the flow disturbance in the central area. This achieves coordinated control of airflow drive and sedimentation zoning, which is beneficial to improving backflow efficiency and enhancing sedimentation stability.

[0076] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the first mud discharge assembly 810 includes a first mud discharge bottom shell 811, a first mud discharge shaft 812, a first mud discharge screw plate 813, a first mud discharge pipe 814, and a first motor 815. The first mud discharge bottom shell 811 is fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two outer inclined bottoms 400. The first mud discharge shaft 812 is rotatably installed on the outer housing 100. The first motor 815 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer housing 100 and is connected to the first mud discharge shaft 812 in a transmission connection. The first mud discharge screw plate 813 is fixedly installed on the first mud discharge shaft 812 in a spiral shape. The first mud discharge pipe 814 is connected to the outer housing 100 at one end of the first mud discharge bottom shell 811. The second mud discharge assembly 820 includes a second mud discharge bottom shell 821, a second mud discharge shaft 822, a second mud discharge screw plate 823, a second mud discharge pipe 824, and a second motor 825. The second mud discharge bottom shell 821 is fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two inner inclined bottoms 201. The second mud discharge shaft 822 is rotatably installed at both ends of the outer housing 100. The second motor 825 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer housing 100 and is connected to the second mud discharge shaft 822 in a transmission connection. The second mud discharge screw plate 823 is fixedly installed on the second mud discharge shaft 822 in a spiral shape. The second mud discharge pipe 824 is attached to one end of the outer housing 100 of the second mud discharge bottom shell 821.

[0077] During equipment operation, the sludge separated from the grid by settling inside the outer casing 100 is guided by the outer inclined bottom 400 to gather at the bottom and enter the first sludge discharge bottom shell 811. After the first motor 815 drives the first sludge discharge shaft 812 to rotate, the first sludge discharge screw plate 813 exerts an axial pushing effect on the sludge, causing it to be continuously discharged from the device along the first sludge discharge pipe 814, thereby completing the sludge discharge process in the area of ​​the outer casing 100.

[0078] Meanwhile, the sludge that has settled in the inner box 200 after aerobic reaction and flow field regulation is guided by the inner inclined bottom 201 to concentrate at the bottom and enter the second sludge bottom shell 821. The second motor 825 drives the second sludge shaft 822 to rotate, which drives the second sludge screw plate 823 to spirally transport the sludge, so that this part of the sludge is discharged from the device along the second sludge pipe 824, realizing the independent removal of sludge in the area of ​​the inner box 200.

[0079] During the sludge discharge process, the spiral structure continuously transports the bottom sludge, effectively preventing sludge from accumulating at the bottom of the sloping bottom area, while also reducing the disturbance to the upper water body during the sludge discharge process.

[0080] The sludge, which is mainly composed of inorganic components and has low activity, in the outer chamber 100 is discharged in a timely manner, while the sludge rich in active microorganisms in the inner chamber 200 is discharged in a controlled manner while maintaining the reaction requirements. This avoids the mixing of sludge of different properties, improves the targeting of sludge discharge and the stability of system operation, and is conducive to improving the overall treatment efficiency.

[0081] The implementation principle of a denitrification wastewater treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The relative arrangement of the first grid plate 501 and the second grid plate 504 allows the sludge to form a spatially stratified distribution based on its activity differences during migration, increasing the retention ratio of highly active sludge. Combined with the inclined aeration nozzles 303 and the air guide plate 304, the airflow is concentrated towards the sidewalls of the inner chamber 200, enhancing the backflow traction effect in the through-hole 202 area while reducing disturbance in the middle, achieving coordinated control of airflow drive and settling processes. Through the cooperation of the diversion plate 700, the diversion port 604, and the diversion plate 701, the outer chamber... After the water in body 100 rises, it flows back into the inner tank 200 through a circulation path, enhancing the coupling of nitrification and denitrification reactions. The structure of guide plate 602 and baffle 603 allows sludge to adhere and accumulate in the area of ​​guide plate 602, reducing the impact of airflow scouring on the sedimentation system and improving the microbial retention capacity. At the same time, relying on the partitioned setting of the first sludge discharge component 810 and the second sludge discharge component 820, the independent transportation and discharge of sludge of different properties can be realized, reducing mutual interference, thereby improving the overall system operation stability and denitrification efficiency.

[0082] Example 2: This invention discloses a method for treating wastewater through denitrification. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A denitrification wastewater treatment method mainly includes the denitrification wastewater treatment equipment as described in Example 1, and the following steps: S1: Water inlet arrangement: The sewage to be treated is continuously or intermittently introduced into the outer box 100 through the sewage pipe 101, so that the sewage first enters the area between the outer box 100 and the inner box 200, and gradually flows towards the inner box 200.

[0083] S2: Zoned reaction: Oxygen is supplied to the inner tank 200 through the aeration mechanism 300, forming an aerobic reaction environment in the inner tank 200, and an anoxic reaction environment is formed between the outer tank 100 and the inner tank 200, so that the wastewater can undergo nitrification and denitrification reactions respectively, realizing nitrogen conversion.

[0084] S3: Flow exchange: Under the action of the diversion plate 700, the guide plate 701 and the opening 202, the sewage forms a circulating flow and exchanges with the water between the inner box 200 and the outer box 100, so that the reaction substrates between different areas can fully contact each other and improve the reaction efficiency.

[0085] S4: Sludge classification and retention: The sludge generated during the reaction gradually settles under the action of gravity. The activated sludge is retained at the inner bacterial protection element 600 and the outer bacterial protection element 500 to form a stable sludge layer. Some fine particles migrate downward through the guide port 604 and the grid structure.

[0086] S5: Sludge Guided Deposition: Under the guidance of the inner inclined bottom 201, some of the sinking sludge gathers at the bottom of the inner box 200, and under the guidance of the outer inclined bottom 400, some of the sinking sludge gathers at the bottom of the outer box 100 and enters the corresponding sludge discharge area, realizing the zoned aggregation of sludge.

[0087] S6: Sludge conveying: Sludge is discharged from the bottom area of ​​the outer box 100 through the first sludge discharge component 810, and sludge is discharged from the bottom area of ​​the inner box 200 through the second sludge discharge component 820, so as to realize the sludge discharge in sections.

[0088] S7: Zoned sludge discharge control: Based on the difference in sludge properties between the inner chamber 200 and the outer chamber 100, the first sludge discharge component 810 and the second sludge discharge component 820 are activated respectively to discharge the bottom sludge of the two zones independently, and different sludge discharge cycles or sludge discharge intensities can be used for adjustment.

[0089] S7: Stable operation with microbial protection: During the sludge discharge process, the upper layer of activated sludge is retained by the inner microbial protection element 600 and the outer microbial protection element 500, reducing the loss of highly active microorganisms, maintaining the sludge concentration and biological activity in the reactor, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0090] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A denitrification wastewater treatment device, characterized in that: It includes an outer casing (100), an inner casing (200), an aeration mechanism (300), and a sludge discharge mechanism (800). The inner casing (200) is fixedly installed inside the outer casing (100). Both ends of the outer casing (100) are connected to sewage pipes (101), and the top of the outer casing (100) is connected to a clean water discharge pipe (102). The aeration mechanism (300), which provides oxygen to the inner casing (200), is fixedly installed inside the inner casing (200). An outer sloping bottom (400) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer casing (100), and an outer sterilization component (500) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer sloping bottom (400); an inner sterilization component (600) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner casing (200), and the inner sterilization component (600) includes a plurality of first support rods (601) and a plurality of guide plates (602). One end of the first support rod (601) is fixedly installed on the guide plate (602), and the other end of the first support rod (601) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner casing (200). The gap between the first support rod (601) and the guide plate (602) forms a flow guide (604). The sludge removal mechanism (800) includes a first sludge removal component (810) and a second sludge removal component (820). The first sludge removal component (810) is located at the bottom of the outer inclined bottom (400) and is used to clean the sludge generated in the outer box (100). The second sludge removal component (820) is located at the bottom of the inner box (200) and is used to clean the sludge generated in the inner box (200).

2. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal sterilization component (600) also includes a plurality of baffles (603), which are fixedly installed on the guide plate (602). The end of the guide plate (602) away from the first support rod (601) is inclined downward.

3. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external antibacterial component (500) includes a plurality of first grid plates (501) and a plurality of first base plates (502). The first base plates (502) are fixedly installed on the inclined surface of the outer inclined bottom (400), and the first grid plates (501) are sequentially fixedly installed on the first base plates (502).

4. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The external bacterial protection component (500) also includes a second support rod (503), and multiple second support rods (503) are provided. One end of the second support rod (503) is fixedly installed on the first base plate (502), and the other end of the second support rod (503) is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the outer sloping bottom (400). A mud guiding area is formed between the first base plate (502) and the inclined surface of the outer sloping bottom (400).

5. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner box (200) is fixedly installed with an inner sloping bottom (201), and the second sludge discharge assembly (820) is disposed at the bottom end of the inner sloping bottom (201); the outer bacteria protection component (500) also includes a plurality of second grid plates (504) and a plurality of second bottom plates (505), the second bottom plates (505) are fixedly installed on the outer end face of the inner sloping bottom (201), the second grid plates (504) are fixedly installed on the second bottom plates (505), and the second grid plates (504) are disposed opposite to the first grid plates (501).

6. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: A flow guide plate (700) is also fixedly installed on the outer end face of the inner box (200). The bottom end of the flow guide plate (700) is provided with multiple openings (202) on the inner box (200). Multiple flow guide plates (701) are fixedly installed on the inner end of the inner box (200) near the openings (202).

7. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aeration mechanism (300) includes an air pipe (301), an aeration plate (302), and a plurality of aeration nozzles (303). The aeration plate (302) is fixedly installed in the inner box (200). The air pipe (301) extends into the inner box (200) and communicates with the aeration plate (302). The aeration nozzles (303) are fixedly installed on the aeration plate (302) and communicate with the air pipe (301) through the aeration plate (302).

8. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aeration mechanism (300) also includes an air guide plate (304), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the aeration plate (302) at an angle. One end of the aeration nozzle (303) is fixedly clipped onto the air guide plate (304), and the aeration nozzle (303) is set at an angle downward.

9. The denitrification wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first mud discharge assembly (810) includes a first mud discharge bottom shell (811), a first mud discharge shaft (812), a first mud discharge screw plate (813), a first mud discharge pipe (814), and a first motor (815). The first mud discharge bottom shell (811) is fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two outer inclined bottoms (400). The first mud discharge shaft (812) is rotatably installed on the outer housing (100). The first motor (815) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer housing (100). The first motor (815) is connected to the first mud discharge shaft (812) in a transmission connection. The first mud discharge screw plate (813) is fixedly installed on the first mud discharge shaft (812) in a spiral shape. The first mud discharge pipe (814) is connected to the outer housing (100) at one end of the first mud discharge bottom shell (811). The second mud discharge assembly (820) includes a second mud discharge bottom shell (821), a second mud discharge shaft (822), a second mud discharge screw plate (823), a second mud discharge pipe (824), and a second motor (825). The second mud discharge bottom shell (821) is fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two inner inclined bottoms (201). The second mud discharge shaft (822) is rotatably installed at both ends of the outer casing (100). The second motor (825) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer casing (100). The second motor (825) is connected to the second mud discharge shaft (822) in a transmission connection. The second mud discharge screw plate (823) is fixedly installed on the second mud discharge shaft (822) in a spiral shape. The second mud discharge pipe (824) is attached to the outer casing (100) at one end of the second mud discharge bottom shell (821).

10. A method for treating wastewater by denitrification, characterized in that: Includes the denitrification wastewater treatment equipment as described in 6, and the following steps: Water inlet arrangement: The sewage to be treated is continuously or intermittently introduced into the outer tank through the sewage pipe, so that the sewage first enters the area between the outer tank and the inner tank, and gradually flows towards the inner tank; Zonal reaction: Oxygen is supplied to the inner tank through the aeration mechanism to create an aerobic reaction environment inside the inner tank, and an anoxic reaction environment is created between the outer and inner tanks, so that the wastewater can undergo nitrification and denitrification reactions respectively to achieve nitrogen conversion. Flow exchange: Under the action of the diversion plate, the guide plate and the diversion port, the sewage forms a circulation flow between the inner tank and the outer tank and exchanges with the water, so that the reaction substrates between different areas can fully contact each other and improve the reaction efficiency. Sludge classification and retention: The sludge produced during the reaction process gradually settles under gravity. The activated sludge is retained at the inner and outer bacterial protection elements and forms a stable sludge layer. Some fine particles migrate downwards through the guide port and grid structure. Sludge guided sedimentation: Under the guidance of the inner inclined bottom, some of the sinking sludge gathers to the bottom of the inner box, and under the guidance of the outer inclined bottom, some of the sinking sludge gathers to the bottom of the outer box and enters the corresponding sludge discharge area, realizing the zoned aggregation of sludge. Sludge conveying: The first sludge discharge assembly discharges sludge from the bottom area of ​​the outer box, and the second sludge discharge assembly discharges sludge from the bottom area of ​​the inner box, thus achieving sludge discharge in separate zones; Zoned sludge discharge control: Based on the difference in sludge properties between the inner and outer chambers, the first and second sludge discharge components are activated separately to discharge the sludge at the bottom of the two zones independently, and different sludge discharge cycles or sludge discharge intensities can be used for adjustment. Stable operation with microbial protection: During the sludge discharge process, the upper layer of activated sludge is retained by the internal and external microbial protection components, reducing the loss of highly active microorganisms, maintaining the sludge concentration and biological activity in the reactor, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the system.

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