High-efficiency energy-saving sewage treatment device and sewage treatment method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and more particularly to a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device and method. The wastewater treatment device includes a pretreatment unit, an enhanced reaction unit, a sedimentation and separation unit, a deep filtration unit, and a disinfection and reuse unit, connected sequentially by pipelines. The pretreatment unit removes large floating debris and sand particles from the wastewater; the enhanced reaction unit degrades organic pollutants and heavy metal ions in the wastewater; the sedimentation and separation unit separates suspended flocs from water; the deep filtration unit removes fine suspended solids and residual organic pollutants while simultaneously recycling backwash water; and the disinfection and reuse unit disinfects the wastewater, removing disinfection byproducts and trace pollutants. This invention achieves efficient degradation, deep purification, and stable reuse of wastewater, realizing the full-process resource utilization of water resources, reducing fresh water consumption, and improving the efficiency of water resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device and a supporting wastewater treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, wastewater discharge continues to rise, making the demand for water environment management and water resource reuse increasingly urgent. Currently, commonly used wastewater treatment processes mostly employ a combination of physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods. However, in actual operation, certain technical bottlenecks have been exposed, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve treatment efficiency, operating costs, and effluent stability. Specifically, these include: 1. High energy consumption and operating costs: The oxygen utilization rate of the aeration system is generally less than 25%, and the backwashing system adopts a direct discharge design of fresh water, resulting in high water and electricity consumption; 2. Low efficiency in treating high-concentration wastewater: Single-component catalysts have weak catalytic activity and are easily deactivated, resulting in poor degradation and removal effects on wastewater with high COD and high heavy metal content, and long treatment cycles; 3. Poor stability of effluent water quality: The lack of a full-process water quality monitoring and parameter linkage control mechanism makes it easy for effluent indicators to exceed the standards when the influent water quality fluctuates, making it difficult to consistently meet the standards for reclaimed water reuse. 4. Poor unit coordination and maintainability: Each processing unit is designed independently without linkage control logic, and the sedimentation and filtration units are prone to clogging and sludge accumulation, requiring frequent manual maintenance and resulting in high operation and maintenance costs. 5. Insufficient deep treatment effect: Traditional filter media have limited adsorption capacity and cannot effectively remove trace pollutants and disinfection byproducts. The effluent after deep treatment is difficult to meet the reuse needs of industrial water replenishment, urban miscellaneous use, etc.

[0003] In existing technologies, sedimentation tanks mostly adopt a horizontal flow structure, which occupies a large area and has low sedimentation efficiency, with a suspended solids removal rate of approximately 80%-85%. Catalysts are mostly single TiO2 or activated carbon materials, which have low catalytic degradation efficiency and short service life, generally requiring replacement every 3-6 months. Deep filtration units lack backwash water recycling designs, resulting in significant water waste. Therefore, developing a wastewater treatment device and method that is low-energy, highly efficient, stable in operation, easy to maintain, and adaptable to resource recovery and reuse has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving sewage treatment device and treatment method, which solves the technical problems of high energy consumption, low treatment efficiency of high-concentration sewage, unstable effluent quality, poor unit coordination and high maintenance cost.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device, comprising a pretreatment unit, an enhanced reaction unit, a sedimentation and separation unit, a deep filtration unit, and a disinfection and reuse unit connected sequentially by pipelines. Flow regulating valves and multi-parameter online monitoring instruments are installed on the pipelines between any two adjacent units. The pretreatment unit is used to remove large floating debris and sand particles from the wastewater, while simultaneously homogenizing and regulating the wastewater quality. The enhanced reaction unit includes a reaction tank, a composite catalyst filling layer, a microporous aeration component, and an intelligent reagent dosing device. The composite catalyst filling layer is disposed within the reaction tank and is composed of titanium dioxide-loaded composite catalyst. The system incorporates modified activated carbon with zinc oxide, microporous aeration components at the bottom of the reaction tank, and an intelligent reagent dosing device on the side wall for adding reagents. A sedimentation separation unit efficiently separates suspended flocs from water in the wastewater. A deep filtration unit removes fine suspended solids, residual organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and ammonia nitrogen from the wastewater, while simultaneously recycling backwash water. A disinfection and reuse unit disinfects the wastewater, removing disinfection byproducts and trace pollutants to ensure the effluent consistently meets reclaimed water reuse standards, thus realizing the resource utilization of wastewater. The disinfection and reuse unit is connected to the deep filtration unit and the pretreatment unit via pipelines.

[0006] Optionally, the pretreatment unit is provided with a detachable bar screen, a grit chamber, and an equalization tank from top to bottom. A detachable bar screen is provided above the grit chamber, and multiple inclined sand discharge pipes with an inclination angle of 30° to 45° are provided at the bottom of the grit chamber. The sand discharge pipes are connected to a pneumatic sand discharge pump for discharging sand and gravel. The wastewater from the grit chamber enters the equalization tank through a pipe. The equalization tank is equipped with a stirring component and a multi-parameter water quality monitoring module. The stirring component is used to mix the wastewater evenly. The multi-parameter water quality monitoring module is used to monitor the wastewater pH value, COD concentration, suspended solids content, and water temperature in real time.

[0007] When wastewater enters the pretreatment unit, it first passes through a removable screen located at the top of the pretreatment unit to remove large debris and protect the normal operation of subsequent equipment. After flowing out of the removable screen, the wastewater enters a grit chamber located in the middle of the pretreatment unit. In the grit chamber, heavy impurities such as sand and gravel are removed, reducing wear and tear on subsequent equipment. The effluent from the grit chamber enters a regulating tank located at the bottom of the pretreatment unit. In the regulating tank, the wastewater quality and quantity are balanced, stabilizing the load on subsequent treatment units.

[0008] Optionally, the stirring assembly includes a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, and arc-shaped stirring blades. The stirring motor is fixed to the top of the regulating tank, the stirring shaft extends through the top of the regulating tank to the bottom of the tank, and the arc-shaped stirring blades are evenly distributed on the stirring shaft.

[0009] Optionally, the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to zinc oxide in the composite catalyst filling layer is 1:1; the modified activated carbon is activated at high temperature and has a specific surface area ≥1200 m² / g; the filling density of the composite catalyst filling layer is 0.8~1.2 g / cm³. 3 The modified activated carbon is prepared by acid washing with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, vacuum impregnation with a tetrabutyl titanate-zinc nitrate mixed sol, and calcination at 500-550℃ under nitrogen protection. To ensure that the loading of modified activated carbon does not clog the pore structure of the activated carbon and to guarantee its strong enrichment capacity for pollutants in wastewater, providing a high-concentration pollutant environment for the catalytic reaction, the total loading of TiO2 and ZnO on the modified activated carbon as a carrier is 5%-10% of the mass of the modified activated carbon. This loading can form uniform catalytic active sites on the surface of the activated carbon, avoiding the problems of insufficient catalytic sites and low degradation efficiency due to too low a loading, or agglomeration of active components and decreased catalytic activity due to too high a loading.

[0010] Optionally, the microporous aeration assembly comprises an aeration main pipe, branch pipes, and a microporous aeration disc connected in sequence. The aeration pore size of the microporous aeration disc is 1~3μm, and the aeration pressure is controlled at 0.1~0.2MPa. The intelligent chemical dosing device includes a PAC storage tank, a PAM storage tank, and a metering pump. The metering pump is linked to the monitoring sensor at the front end of the enhanced reaction unit and automatically adjusts the dosage of the PAC and PAM storage tanks according to the influent COD and suspended solids concentration. The dosage of PAC is 50~100mg / L, and the dosage of PAM is 5~10mg / L.

[0011] Optionally, the inner wall of the reaction tank is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion coating with a thickness of 0.5~1.0mm; the top of the reaction tank is provided with an exhaust port, which is connected to a waste gas treatment device, which is used to treat the small amount of volatile organic waste gas generated during the reaction process.

[0012] Optionally, the sedimentation separation unit includes a sedimentation tank body, an inclined tube assembly, a conical sludge hopper, an automatic sludge scraping device, and a sawtooth overflow trough; the inclined tube assembly is located above the sedimentation tank body, and is composed of multiple sets of honeycomb polypropylene inclined tubes, each with an inclination angle of 60°, a length of 1.0~1.5m, and a tube spacing of 20~30mm between adjacent tubes; the conical sludge hopper is located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body, with a cone angle of 60°, and a sludge discharge pipe at the bottom of the conical sludge hopper for discharging sludge. The sludge pipe leads to the outside of the sedimentation tank body. The sludge discharge pipe is equipped with an electromagnetic sludge discharge valve, which is linked to the sludge concentration sensor. When the sludge concentration in the sludge hopper reaches the set value, the sludge is automatically discharged. The automatic sludge scraping device is located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body to thoroughly scrape the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper to prevent sludge accumulation. The sawtooth overflow trough is located at the top of the sedimentation tank body. The outlet of the sawtooth overflow trough is connected to the deep filtration unit through a pipe. The inlet of the sedimentation tank body is located below the inclined tube assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the automatic sludge scraping device includes a drive motor, a scraper shaft, and a rubber scraper blade connected in sequence. The drive motor is located on the outside of the sedimentation tank body, and the rubber scraper blade is set close to the bottom of the sedimentation tank. The rubber scraper blade makes a circular motion under the drive of the drive motor, thoroughly scraping the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper.

[0014] Optionally, the deep filtration unit includes a filter tank, a three-layer composite filter media layer, and a circulating backwashing system; wherein, the three-layer composite filter media layer is disposed inside the filter tank, and the circulating backwashing system is used to rinse the three-layer composite filter media layer; the three-layer composite filter media layer consists of a quartz sand filter layer, a modified zeolite filter layer, and an activated carbon filter layer from top to bottom, wherein the quartz sand filter layer is composed of quartz sand with a particle size of 0.8~1.2mm; the modified zeolite filter layer is composed of modified zeolite with a particle size of 0.5~0.8mm, wherein the modified zeolite is zeolite ore roasted at 480~520℃ and then modified by acid, and its cation exchange capacity is ≥150meq / 100g; the activated carbon filter layer is composed of activated carbon with a particle size of 0.3~0.5mm.

[0015] Optionally, the circulating backwashing system includes a backwashing inlet, a backwashing outlet, a backwashing pump, and a filter screen. The backwashing inlet is located at the top of the filter tank, and the backwashing outlet is located at the bottom of the filter tank. One end of the backwashing pump is connected to the backwashing inlet, and the other end is connected to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit. A stainless steel filter screen is installed at the backwashing inlet, and the backwashing inlet is connected to the disinfection unit through a pipeline.

[0016] Optionally, the disinfection and reuse unit includes an ultraviolet sterilizer, an activated carbon adsorption tank, and an online effluent quality monitoring device connected sequentially by pipelines. The ultraviolet sterilizer is equipped with a 240-320W low-pressure high-intensity ultraviolet lamp; the activated carbon adsorption tank is filled with activated carbon with an iodine value ≥1000mg / g; the online effluent quality monitoring device is used to monitor the pH value, COD, suspended solids, and total bacterial count of the effluent in real time; the effluent pipe after the online effluent quality monitoring device is equipped with a diversion pipe, which is connected to the backwash inlet of the depth filtration unit through a reuse pipeline; the diversion pipe is also connected to the pretreatment unit.

[0017] The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device described above also includes a central control cabinet. Each unit is electrically connected to the central control cabinet, and the central control cabinet is connected to the flow regulating valves and multi-parameter monitoring sensors installed between each unit. The reaction tank is electrically connected to the central control cabinet, and the intelligent reagent dosing device is electrically connected to the central control cabinet.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a wastewater treatment method, implemented using the high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device described above, the treatment method comprising the following steps: S1. Wastewater is pumped into the pretreatment unit to remove large floating debris. Sand and gravel particles settle under gravity and are discharged through an inclined sand discharge pipe. Under stirring conditions, the wastewater is mixed evenly, and the pH value, COD concentration, and suspended solids content of the wastewater are monitored in real time. S2. The effluent from the pretreatment unit enters the enhanced reaction unit. Based on real-time monitoring of the wastewater's pH, COD concentration, and suspended solids content, the pH is adjusted to 7.0~8.5 using an intelligent dosing device. PAC is added at a dosage of 50~100mg / L, and PAM is added at a dosage of 5~10mg / L. While the mixture is reacting, the microporous aeration components are activated, controlling the aeration pressure at 0.1~0.2MPa and the aeration time at 30~60min. S3. The effluent from the enhanced reaction unit enters the sedimentation and separation unit. The wastewater flows slowly in the honeycomb inclined tube. The suspended flocs settle quickly to the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity. The automatic sludge scraping device scrapes the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper. When the sludge concentration in the sludge hopper reaches the set value, the electromagnetic sludge discharge valve automatically opens to discharge sludge. The supernatant flows smoothly into the depth filtration unit through the sawtooth overflow channel. S4. Wastewater enters the deep filtration unit and passes through the quartz sand filter layer, modified zeolite filter layer and activated carbon filter layer in sequence to achieve gradient removal of fine suspended solids, heavy metal ions, ammonia nitrogen and residual organic matter. The filtration rate is controlled at 1~2m / h. S5. The effluent from the deep filtration unit enters the disinfection and reuse unit for ultraviolet disinfection and activated carbon adsorption before being discharged. When the effluent preparation is qualified, the effluent is transported to the point of use through the reuse pipeline; when the effluent indicators are not qualified, the unqualified sewage is returned to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit for reprocessing.

[0019] Optionally, in step S4, when the filter layer resistance reaches 0.1~0.2MPa, the circulating backwashing system is automatically started, the backwash water is supplied by the effluent from the disinfection and reuse unit, the backwashing time is 10~15min, and the wastewater after backwashing is returned to the equalization tank for reprocessing.

[0020] Optionally, in step S5, the ultraviolet disinfection time is 15-20 minutes.

[0021] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this invention are: The present invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device, which has the following advantages: 1. Highly efficient and energy-saving, significantly reducing energy and water consumption. The enhanced reaction unit employs a coupling technology of composite catalyst and microporous aeration, increasing oxygen utilization to over 35%, and reducing energy consumption by more than 20% compared to the traditional aeration device in CN112851036A. The deep filtration unit is equipped with a backwash water recycling system, with backwash water supplied by the disinfection and reuse unit, increasing water resource utilization by over 80% and eliminating fresh water waste. The interconnected control of each unit avoids ineffective operation, and the overall energy consumption of the device is reduced by 20%-30% compared to existing technologies, while operating costs are reduced by 15%-25%.

[0022] 2. High processing efficiency and significant purification effect. The composite catalyst is made of modified activated carbon supported with TiO2 and ZnO. It has a synergistic effect of adsorption and catalysis, which improves the degradation efficiency of organic pollutants by more than 40%. Compared with the traditional horizontal flow sedimentation tank, the inclined tube sedimentation tank improves the sedimentation efficiency by 30% and reduces the footprint by 50%. The deep filtration unit adopts a three-layer gradient composite filter media to achieve simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants. The final effluent has a COD removal rate of ≥90%, a suspended solids removal rate of ≥95%, a bacteria removal rate of ≥99%, and a heavy metal ion removal rate of ≥85%.

[0023] 3. Stable operation and controllable effluent quality. The device provided by this invention is equipped with multi-parameter monitoring sensors and intelligent control components throughout the entire process, realizing real-time monitoring of influent water quality and flow rate, and linkage control of operating parameters of each unit. Compared with the existing non-linkage / simple control, it can effectively resist fluctuations in influent water quality, completely solve the problem of excessive effluent, and significantly improve stability.

[0024] The device provided by this invention can adapt to the treatment needs of sewage of different concentrations, such as domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, effectively resist the influence of influent water quality fluctuations, and ensure that the effluent water quality stably meets the standards of "Urban Sewage Reuse for Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality" (GB / T18920-2020) or "Design Code for Softening and Desalination of Industrial Water" (GB / T50109-2014).

[0025] 4. It has a reasonable structure, is easy to maintain, and has low operation and maintenance costs. The present invention adopts a modular design, which can be flexibly combined and expanded, and is convenient for installation and transportation; the vulnerable parts such as the bar screen, filter media, and ultraviolet lamp tube are all detachable, making them easy to clean and replace; it is equipped with automated components such as automatic sludge discharge, automatic backwashing, and intelligent chemical dosing, realizing unattended operation and reducing manual maintenance costs by more than 60%; the composite catalyst has good stability and a service life of 6-12 months, and the filter media replacement cycle is 3-6 months, which greatly reduces the frequency and cost of consumable replacement.

[0026] 5. Resource recycling yields significant environmental and economic benefits. After being treated by the device provided by this invention, wastewater can be stably reused for industrial water replenishment, urban greening, road cleaning, etc., reducing the consumption of fresh water resources and reducing wastewater discharge, thus alleviating the pressure on the water environment. The device has low energy consumption and low operation and maintenance costs, with overall operating costs reduced by 15%-25% compared to existing technologies. It can be widely used in the treatment and reuse of urban domestic sewage, industrial park wastewater, and rural decentralized sewage, and is suitable for upgrading and transforming centralized sewage treatment plants and decentralized sewage treatment scenarios. It has broad application prospects and has good environmental, social, and economic benefits.

[0027] The present invention provides a treatment method using a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device, which realizes efficient degradation, deep purification and stable reuse of wastewater, achieves full-process resource utilization of water resources, reduces the consumption of fresh water resources, reduces wastewater discharge, reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs of the device, and improves the efficiency of water resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred enhanced reaction unit in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred precipitation separation unit in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred depth filtering unit in this invention.

[0029] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1: Pretreatment unit; 11: Bar screen; 12: Grit chamber; 121: Sand discharge pipe; 13: Equalization tank; 131: Mixing assembly; 1311: Mixing motor; 1312: Mixing shaft; 1313: Mixing blades; 132: Water quality monitoring module. 2: Enhanced reaction unit; 21: Reaction tank; 211: Anti-corrosion coating; 212: Exhaust port; 213: Waste gas treatment device; 22: Composite catalyst packing layer; 23: Aeration component; 231: Microporous aeration disc; 24: Chemical dosing device; 10: Inlet water; 20: Outlet water; 3: Sedimentation and separation unit; 31: Sedimentation tank body; 311: Inclined tube; 32: Conical sludge hopper; 33: Sludge scraping device; 331: Drive motor; 332: Sludge scraper; 34: Sludge discharge pipe; 341: Electromagnetic sludge discharge valve; 35: Overflow trough. 4: Deep filtration unit; 41: Filter tank; 411: Quartz sand filter layer; 412: Modified zeolite filter layer; 413: Activated carbon filter layer; 42: Backwash inlet; 43: Backwash outlet; 431: Filter screen; 44: Backwash pump. 5: Disinfection and reuse unit; 51: Ultraviolet sterilizer; 52: Activated carbon adsorption tank; 6: Flow regulating valve; 7: Monitoring sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," etc., are used interchangeably with other directional terms. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0031] This invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device, comprising a pretreatment unit, an enhanced reaction unit, a sedimentation and separation unit, a deep filtration unit, and a disinfection and reuse unit connected sequentially by pipelines. Each unit is equipped with a flow regulating valve and a multi-parameter monitoring sensor on the pipelines between them. Each device can be electrically connected to a central control cabinet to achieve precise control of wastewater flow and real-time monitoring and linkage control of water quality. Each unit is modularly designed and can be flexibly combined and expanded according to the treatment scale and water quality requirements. The pretreatment unit removes large floating debris and sand particles from the wastewater, while homogenizing and adjusting the wastewater quality to eliminate the impact of influent water quality fluctuations on subsequent treatment units, providing stable water quality conditions for subsequent reactions. The enhanced reaction unit is the core degradation unit, used to efficiently degrade organic pollutants in wastewater, chelate and remove heavy metal ions, and improve the biodegradability of wastewater, laying the foundation for subsequent sedimentation and separation. The sedimentation and separation unit is used to achieve efficient solid-liquid separation of suspended flocs and water in wastewater. The deep filtration unit is used to remove fine suspended solids, residual organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and ammonia nitrogen from wastewater, further improving the effluent quality, while also enabling the recycling of backwash water and reducing water consumption. The disinfection and reuse unit is used to kill bacteria and viruses in wastewater, remove disinfection byproducts and trace pollutants, ensuring that the effluent consistently meets the standards for reclaimed water reuse, and realizing the resource utilization of wastewater.

[0032] The present invention proposes an efficient and energy-saving integrated sewage treatment device and supporting treatment method, which is applicable to the standard treatment and resource reuse of urban domestic sewage and industrial park comprehensive wastewater. It can be adapted to decentralized sewage treatment scenarios and centralized sewage treatment plant upgrading and renovation projects.

[0033] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0034] Example 1 This embodiment provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device, referring to... Figure 1 The system comprises a pretreatment unit 1, an enhanced reaction unit 2, a sedimentation and separation unit 3, a deep filtration unit 4, and a disinfection and reuse unit 5, connected sequentially. Each adjacent unit is equipped with a flow regulating valve 6 and a multi-parameter monitoring sensor 7 for online monitoring of pH, COD, turbidity (SS), ammonia nitrogen, and temperature. All equipment is electrically connected to a central control cabinet, enabling precise control of wastewater flow and real-time monitoring and coordinated control of water quality. Each unit features a modular design, allowing for flexible combination and expansion based on treatment scale and water quality requirements. Specifically, for example... Figure 2As shown, the pretreatment unit 1 is provided with a detachable screen 11, a sedimentation tank 12 and an equalization tank 13 from top to bottom; wherein, the screen 11 is a detachable stainless steel structure with a screen spacing of 5~10mm, which is easy to disassemble, clean and maintain, and can effectively remove large debris such as plastic bags, branches, and fibers, and prevent subsequent pipes and equipment from being blocked. The bottom of the sedimentation tank 12 is equipped with multiple inclined sand discharge pipes 121 with an inclination angle of 30°~45°. Gravity is used to achieve rapid sedimentation and discharge of sand and gravel particles. The sand discharge pipes are connected to a pneumatic sand discharge pump to improve sand discharge efficiency and prevent sand and gravel accumulation. The equalization tank 13 integrates a stirring assembly 131 and a multi-parameter water quality monitoring module 132. The stirring assembly 131 includes a stirring motor 1311, a stirring shaft 1312, and arc-shaped stirring blades 1313. The stirring motor 1311 is fixed to the top of the equalization tank 13, the stirring shaft 1312 extends through the top of the tank to the bottom, and the arc-shaped stirring blades 1313 are evenly distributed on the stirring shaft 131. The stirring speed can be adjusted within the range of 50~150 r / min and adjusted in real time according to the influent concentration to ensure uniform mixing of wastewater and avoid water stratification. The multi-parameter water quality monitoring module 132 is used to monitor the pH value, COD concentration, suspended solids content, and water temperature of wastewater in real time. The multi-parameter water quality monitoring module is connected to the central control cabinet and transmits the monitoring data to the central control cabinet to realize real-time control of water quality parameters.

[0035] Since the screen 11 is made of welded metal bars, it is only used to intercept large floating debris in the wastewater. The effluent from the screen flows by gravity into the grit chamber 12, where heavy sand particles settle to the bottom. The supernatant flows by gravity into the equalization tank 13 through the overflow outlet and connecting pipe at the top of the grit chamber 12. The equalization tank 13 is equipped with a stirring device. The stirring speed is set to 80 r / min for domestic sewage and 120 r / min for industrial park wastewater. Domestic sewage has a stable water quality, and the water quality and quantity are homogenized and balanced by stirring alone, without the need for additional conditioning agents. The pH of the industrial park wastewater fluctuates greatly. A chemical dosing device is provided, and dilute hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution is selectively added according to real-time pH monitoring data to adjust the pH of the wastewater to the neutral range of 6.5 to 9.0, eliminating water quality shock loads. The homogenized wastewater is then transported to the downstream catalytic filter unit.

[0036] The pretreatment unit removes large floating debris and sand particles from the wastewater, while simultaneously homogenizing and regulating the wastewater quality to eliminate the impact of influent water quality fluctuations on subsequent treatment units, providing stable water quality conditions for subsequent reactions. The enhanced reaction unit includes a reaction tank, a composite catalyst packing layer, microporous aeration components, and an intelligent reagent dosing device. The reaction tank is electrically connected to the central control cabinet.

[0037] The enhanced reaction unit is a degradation unit used for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater, chelation removal of heavy metal ions, and improvement of wastewater biodegradability, laying the foundation for subsequent sedimentation and separation. It includes a reaction tank, a composite catalyst packing layer, microporous aeration components, and an intelligent reagent dosing device. The reaction tank is electrically connected to the central control cabinet. Figure 2 As shown, the reaction tank 21 has an inlet pipe at the top and an outlet pipe at the bottom, with flow regulating valves 6 on both pipes. An exhaust port 212 is located at the top of the reaction tank 21, connected to a waste gas treatment device 213. The interior of the reaction tank 21 is filled with a composite catalyst packing layer 22, which is made of modified activated carbon supporting titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The modified activated carbon is first acid-washed with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, then washed with water until neutral and dried. Next, a tetrabutyl titanate-zinc nitrate mixed sol is used for vacuum impregnation of the TiO2 and ZnO precursors. After impregnation, the carbon is dried at 120-130℃ to remove the solvent. Subsequently, it is activated by high-temperature calcination under nitrogen protection, with the calcination temperature controlled at 500-550℃ and held at that temperature for 1-2 hours. After natural cooling, a packing density of 0.8-1.2 g / cm³ is obtained. 3 A composite catalytic activated carbon packing material was developed. The modified activated carbon, after high-temperature activation treatment, achieved a specific surface area ≥1200 m² / g. TiO₂ and ZnO were loaded into the pores of the activated carbon at a 1:1 molar ratio, forming a synergistic catalytic system. This system utilizes the strong adsorption capacity of activated carbon to enrich pollutants such as heavy metal ions, while simultaneously leveraging the photocatalytic and oxidative catalytic properties of TiO₂ and ZnO to efficiently degrade pollutants. The packing density of the composite catalyst was 0.8~1.2 g / cm³. 3 It balances catalytic effect with wastewater flowability, avoiding blockage; the composite catalyst has good stability, is not easily deactivated, and has a service life of 6 to 12 months.

[0038] An aeration assembly 23 is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank 21. The aeration assembly 23 includes an interconnected main aeration pipe, branch pipes, and microporous aeration discs 231. The microporous aeration discs are evenly distributed at the bottom of the reaction tank, and the aeration pore size on the microporous aeration discs is 1~3μm. At the same time, during operation, the aeration pressure is controlled at 0.1~0.2MPa, so that the oxygen utilization rate is ≥35%, and the energy consumption is reduced by more than 20% compared with the traditional aeration system, achieving uniform aeration and efficient mass transfer. The intelligent chemical dosing device on the side wall of reaction tank 21 is connected to the side wall of the reaction tank. The intelligent chemical dosing device includes a PAC storage tank, a PAM storage tank, and a metering pump. The metering pump is connected to the PAC and PAM storage tanks and is linked to a water quality monitoring sensor. It automatically adjusts the dosage based on the influent COD and suspended solids concentration, with PAC dosage at 50-100 mg / L and PAM dosage at 5-10 mg / L, achieving precise chemical dosing and avoiding chemical waste.

[0039] The inner wall of reaction tank 21 is coated with a 0.5~1.0mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) anti-corrosion coating. The PTFE anti-corrosion coating has the characteristics of acid and alkali resistance and high temperature resistance, which can adapt to the complex chemical environment inside the reaction tank and extend the service life of the reaction tank. An exhaust port is installed at the top of the reaction tank, which is connected to a waste gas treatment device. The waste gas treatment device can effectively treat the small amount of volatile organic waste gas generated during the reaction process, avoiding secondary pollution.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the sedimentation separation unit 3 adopts a honeycomb inclined tube sedimentation tank, including a sedimentation tank body 31, an inclined tube 311 assembly, a conical sludge hopper 32, an automatic sludge scraping device 33, a sludge discharge pipe 34, and an overflow trough 35. An inlet pipe is provided on one side of the sedimentation tank body 31, and a conical sludge hopper 32 is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body 31. The cone angle of the conical sludge hopper 32 is set at 60° to facilitate sludge collection. The automatic sludge scraping device 33 consists of a drive motor 331, a scraping shaft, and a rubber scraper 332. The rubber scraper 332 is tightly fitted to the bottom of the sedimentation tank body 31. Driven by the drive motor 331, the rubber scraper 332 performs a circular motion, which can thoroughly scrape the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper 32, preventing sludge accumulation. A sludge discharge pipe 34 is provided at the bottom of the conical sludge hopper 32. The sludge discharge pipe 34 is connected to the outside of the sedimentation tank body 31. An electromagnetic sludge discharge valve 341 is installed on the sludge discharge pipe 34. The electromagnetic sludge discharge valve 341 is linked with the sludge concentration sensor installed inside the conical sludge hopper 32. When the sludge concentration in the conical sludge hopper 32 reaches the set value, the sludge is automatically discharged without manual operation, reducing maintenance costs.

[0041] The inclined tube assembly, corresponding to the conical sludge hopper 32, is located in the upper middle part of the sedimentation tank body 31. The inclined tube assembly has multiple sets of inclined tubes 311, each with an inclination angle of 60° and a length of 1.0~1.5m. The spacing between any two inclined tubes is set to 20~30mm. This structure can significantly increase the sedimentation area, allowing suspended flocs to settle and slide down rapidly under gravity, thus improving sedimentation efficiency. Furthermore, the inclined tubes are honeycomb polypropylene inclined tubes, which have the advantages of strong corrosion resistance and light weight.

[0042] Near the top of the sedimentation tank body 31, there is also a sawtooth overflow channel 35. The overflow channel 35 is connected to the deep filtration unit through a pipe, which allows the supernatant to flow smoothly into the subsequent unit, avoiding water flow impact that causes the sediment flocs to resuspend, and ensuring the solid-liquid separation effect.

[0043] Wastewater is separated into solids and liquids efficiently by sedimentation and separation unit. Compared with traditional horizontal flow sedimentation tanks, sedimentation efficiency is increased by more than 30% and the floor space is reduced by 50%.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the deep filtration unit 4 includes a filter tank 41, a three-layer composite filter media layer, and a circulating backwashing system. The inlet pipe of the filter tank 41 is located at the top of the filter tank, and the outlet pipe is located at the bottom of the filter tank. The inlet pipe is positioned higher than the three-layer composite filter media layer. Inside the filter tank 41, from top to bottom, are arranged a quartz sand filter layer 411, a modified zeolite filter layer 412, and an activated carbon filter layer 413. The three filter media layers form a gradient filtration system, synergistically improving the filtration effect. The quartz sand filter layer is 300mm thick, the modified zeolite filter layer is 350mm thick, and the activated carbon filter layer is 550mm thick. The quartz sand filter layer contains quartz sand with a particle size of 0.8~1.2mm, serving as a coarse filter layer to remove fine suspended solids with a particle size ≥10μm from wastewater. The modified zeolite filter layer contains modified zeolite with a particle size of 0.5~0.8mm. The modified zeolite is acid-modified zeolite with a cation exchange capacity ≥150meq / 100g, which can efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater. The activated carbon filter layer contains activated carbon with a particle size of 0.3~0.5mm, serving as a fine filter layer to remove residual organic pollutants and odors. The three filter layers work synergistically to achieve a suspended solids removal rate ≥98%. The modified zeolite is prepared as follows: 1. Raw ore pretreatment: screening to remove stone powder and soil, soaking in clean water for 40 minutes, washing 2~3 times; drying at 105℃ for 2 hours. 2. High-temperature thermal modification: calcination in a muffle furnace at 480~520℃ for 2.0~2.5h, followed by natural cooling; 3. Dilute acid modification: soaking the zeolite in a 5% HCl solution at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:7 at room temperature for 10h; 4. Low-temperature drying of the finished product: drying at 105~110℃ for 3h to obtain the finished modified zeolite.

[0045] The circulating backwashing system includes a backwash inlet 42, a backwash outlet 43, a backwash pump 44, and a filter screen 431. The backwash inlet 42 is located at the top of the filter tank, and the backwash outlet 43 is located at the bottom of the filter tank 41. One end of the backwash pump 44 is connected to the backwash inlet 42, and the other end is connected to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit, enabling the recycling of backwash water and increasing water resource utilization by over 80%. The backwash outlet 43 is equipped with a stainless steel filter screen with a pore size of 0.2mm to prevent filter media from being lost with the backwash water. During operation, when the filter layer resistance reaches 0.1~0.2MPa, the backwashing system automatically starts, with a backwashing time of 10~15 minutes, quickly restoring the filter layer's filtration performance. The filter layer resistance is detected using a differential pressure sensor, with two pressure taps connected to upper and lower measuring points respectively, and then connected to the differential pressure sensor. The circulating backwashing system is electrically connected to the central control cabinet, which can display the filter layer resistance inside the filter tank and regulate the opening and closing of the circulating backwashing system.

[0046] The disinfection and reuse unit comprises a UV sterilizer, an activated carbon adsorption tank, and an online effluent quality monitoring device connected in sequence. The UV sterilizer is equipped with a low-pressure, high-intensity UV lamp with a power of 240-320W. The lamp uses a sleeve-type design for easy replacement. The disinfection time is set to 15-20 minutes, and the UV irradiation dose is ≥40mJ / cm³. 2 It can effectively kill bacteria and viruses in sewage, with a sterilization rate of ≥99%, and requires no chemical additives and causes no secondary pollution. The activated carbon adsorption tank is filled with columnar activated carbon with an iodine value ≥1000mg / g, which can effectively remove trace disinfection byproducts and residual organic pollutants generated by ultraviolet disinfection, further improving the quality of the effluent. An effluent pipe is installed at the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tank, and an online effluent quality monitoring device is mounted on the effluent pipe. The effluent pipe has a branch pipe, which connects to the backwash inlet of the depth filtration unit via a reuse pipe. A return valve on the branch pipe connects to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit and the reuse pipe. The online effluent quality monitoring device can monitor effluent pH, COD, suspended solids, and other indicators in real time, and the data is transmitted to the central control cabinet. When the effluent indicators are within acceptable limits, the effluent is transported through the reuse pipe to the point of use, such as the backwash inlet of the circulating backwash system. When the effluent indicators are not within acceptable limits, the central control cabinet automatically controls the return valve to open, and the unqualified wastewater is returned to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit for reprocessing, ensuring that the effluent quality consistently meets standards.

[0047] Based on the above-mentioned device, the present invention also provides a highly efficient and energy-saving wastewater treatment method, which adopts a process route of "pretreatment-enhanced catalytic degradation-high-efficiency sedimentation-gradient depth filtration-ultraviolet disinfection + deep adsorption", specifically including the following steps: S1. The wastewater to be treated is pumped into the pretreatment unit. First, the wastewater passes through a detachable stainless steel screen to remove large floating debris. Then, it enters the grit chamber, where sand and gravel particles settle under gravity and are discharged through an inclined grit discharge pipe. After the wastewater enters the equalization tank, the stirring components are started, and the stirring speed (50~150r / min) is adjusted according to the influent concentration to ensure that the wastewater is mixed evenly. The water quality monitoring module monitors the pH value, COD concentration, and suspended solids content of the wastewater in real time.

[0048] S2. The pretreated wastewater is fed into the enhanced reaction unit via a flow regulating valve. The central control cabinet, based on water quality monitoring data, primarily pH, COD concentration, and suspended solids concentration, adjusts the pH of the wastewater to 7.0–8.5 using an intelligent reagent dosing device. This pH range is the optimal catalytic reaction range for the subsequent composite catalyst, ensuring effective catalytic degradation. The intelligent reagent dosing device also adds PAC and PAM to the reaction tank at a dosage of 50–100 mg / L for PAC and 5–10 mg / L for PAM. Simultaneously, the microporous aeration components are activated, with an aeration pressure of 0.1–0.2 MPa and an aeration time of 30–60 minutes. The system provides sufficient dissolved oxygen to the reaction tank. When the wastewater flows through the composite catalyst packing layer, pollutants are enriched by activated carbon and efficiently degraded under the synergistic catalytic action of TiO2 and ZnO. Under normal operating conditions, the water body is automatically maintained in the optimal catalytic range of 25~35℃, relying on the natural temperature of the influent wastewater and the heat storage of the filter packing. When the influent water temperature is low in winter, the pretreatment tank water body is used for buffering and heat storage, supplemented by a small amount of return hot water for fine adjustment. There is no need to install an internal heating device in the filter body. The temperature range of 25~35℃ can enhance the activity of the composite catalyst to the best state, accelerating the degradation of organic pollutants and the chelation rate of heavy metal ions. The effluent after the enhanced reaction in this unit enters the lower sedimentation separation unit.

[0049] S3. After the enhanced reaction, the wastewater is fed into the inclined tube sedimentation tank of the sedimentation separation unit. The wastewater flows slowly in the honeycomb inclined tube. The suspended flocs settle quickly to the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity. The automatic sludge scraping device scrapes the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper. When the sludge concentration in the sludge hopper reaches the set value, the electromagnetic sludge discharge valve automatically opens to discharge sludge. The supernatant flows smoothly into the deep filtration unit through the sawtooth overflow channel. The suspended solids removal rate of this step is ≥95%.

[0050] S4. The supernatant from the deep filtration enters the filter tank of the deep filtration unit, passing sequentially through a quartz sand filter layer, a modified zeolite filter layer, and an activated carbon filter layer. This achieves gradient removal of fine suspended solids, heavy metal ions, ammonia nitrogen, and residual organic matter. The filtration speed is controlled at 1-2 m / h, balancing filtration effect and treatment efficiency. When the filter layer resistance reaches 0.1-0.2 MPa, the circulating backwashing system automatically starts. The backwash water is supplied by the disinfection and reuse unit, and the backwashing time is 10-15 minutes. The backwashed wastewater is returned to the equalization tank for reprocessing, with no filter media loss and rapid recovery of filtration performance.

[0051] S5. Wastewater after deep filtration is introduced into the disinfection and reuse unit. It first enters the ultraviolet sterilizer and undergoes 15-20 minutes of ultraviolet disinfection to kill bacteria and viruses in the wastewater. Then it enters the activated carbon adsorption tank to remove disinfection byproducts and trace pollutants. The online water quality monitoring device monitors the effluent indicators in real time. Qualified effluent is discharged through the effluent pipeline for reuse, such as industrial water replenishment, urban greening, and road cleaning. Unqualified wastewater is automatically returned to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit for reprocessing, realizing closed-loop control of the entire process.

[0052] Example 2 This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, applying a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device to domestic wastewater treatment and urban miscellaneous wastewater reuse. The specific settings parameters of each unit in the high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device are as follows: In the pretreatment unit: the grid 11 has a grid spacing of 5mm, the grit discharge pipe 121 of the grit chamber 12 has an inclination angle of 30°, the stirring speed adjustment range of the stirring component 131 of the equalization tank 13 is 50-150r / min, and the water quality monitoring module 132 is used to monitor the pH, COD and suspended solids of the wastewater. Enhanced reaction unit: The composite catalyst filling layer 22 has a filling density of 0.8 g / cm³, the microporous aeration disc 231 has an aeration pressure of 0.1 MPa, the reagent dosing device 24 is used for precise dosing of PAC and PAM, and the anti-corrosion coating 211 of the reaction tank 21 has a thickness of 0.5 mm. Sedimentation and separation unit: The inclined tube 311 is 1.0m long and the tube spacing is 20mm. The sludge scraping device 33 is an automatic sludge scraping device, and the electromagnetic sludge discharge valve 341 automatically discharges sludge as needed. Deep filtration unit: the particle size of the quartz sand filter layer 411 is 0.8 mm, the particle size of the modified zeolite filter layer 412 is 0.5 mm, the particle size of the activated carbon filter layer 413 is 0.3 mm, the backwash water pump 44 is connected to the equalization tank 13, and the pore size of the backwash filter screen 431 is 0.2 mm. Disinfection and reuse unit: The ultraviolet lamp has a power of 240W and a disinfection time of 15min. The activated carbon adsorption tank 52 is filled with columnar activated carbon. Water quality testing instruments are used to monitor the effluent indicators in real time.

[0053] Wastewater treatment methods: Domestic sewage is pretreated by the above-mentioned device: after impurity removal by screen 11 and grit removal by grit settling tank 12, domestic sewage enters equalization tank 13, with a stirring speed of 80 r / min; at this time, the pH value is 7~8, CODcr concentration is 220~380 mg / L, and suspended solids (SS) content is 160~280 mg / L. Enhanced reaction: Adjust pH to 7.0; add PAC 50mg / L and PAM 5mg / L, aeration pressure 0.1MPa, aeration time 30min, reaction temperature 25℃; Sedimentation and separation: Wastewater settles in inclined tube sedimentation tank 31, and sludge is automatically discharged every 2 hours. The supernatant enters the deep filtration unit through overflow tank 35. Deep filtration: Backwashing is initiated when the filtration speed is 1m / h and the filter bed resistance reaches 0.1MPa, with a backwashing time of 10min; Disinfection and reuse: After UV disinfection for 15 minutes and activated carbon adsorption, the effluent is tested. The qualified effluent with a pH of 7.0-7.7, CODcr concentration of 18-30 mg / L, and suspended solids (SS) content of 3-8 mg / L is used for urban greening and road cleaning.

[0054] Test results: Through wastewater treatment operation, the measured COD removal rate was 92%, the suspended solids removal rate was 96%, and the bacteria removal rate was 99.2%, meeting the standard of "Urban Wastewater Reuse for Urban Miscellaneous Use" (GB / T18920-2020). The energy consumption of the device was reduced by 28% and the operating cost was reduced by 22% compared with the traditional process.

[0055] Example 3 This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, applying a high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device to industrial wastewater treatment and industrial makeup water reuse. The specific settings parameters of each unit in the high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device are as follows: Pretreatment unit: The grid spacing of the screen 11 is 10mm, the sand discharge pipe 121 of the grit chamber 12 is inclined at an angle of 45°, and the stirring speed of the equalization tank 13 is up to 150r / min. Enhanced reaction unit: The composite catalyst filling layer 22 has a filling density of 1.2 g / cm³, the microporous aeration disc 231 has an aeration pressure of 0.2 MPa, and the anti-corrosion coating 211 of the reaction tank 21 has a thickness of 1.0 mm. Precipitation separation unit: The length of the inclined tube 311 is 1.5m and the tube spacing is 30mm; Deep filtration unit: the particle size of the quartz sand filter layer 411 is 1.2 mm, the particle size of the modified zeolite filter layer 412 is 0.8 mm, and the particle size of the activated carbon filter layer 413 is 0.5 mm. Disinfection and reuse unit: The power of the ultraviolet lamp is 320W, and the disinfection time is set to 20min.

[0056] Industrial wastewater treatment method using the above-mentioned high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device: Pretreatment: The comprehensive wastewater from the industrial park is pretreated in the pretreatment unit. In the equalization tank 13, the stirring speed is 120 r / min. At this time, the measured pH value is 6.5–9.0, CODcr concentration is 600–1100 mg / L, and suspended solids (SS) content is 220–360 mg / L. Enhanced reaction: After the pretreated wastewater enters the enhanced reaction unit, the pH is adjusted to 8.5. PAC is added at 100 mg / L, PAM at 10 mg / L, the aeration pressure is set to 0.2 MPa, the aeration time is 60 min, and the reaction temperature is 35℃. Sedimentation and separation: After the effluent from the enhanced reaction unit enters the inclined tube sedimentation tank 31, it undergoes automatic sludge scraping. When the sludge concentration reaches 5000 mg / L, the sludge is automatically discharged. Deep filtration: The effluent after sedimentation and separation enters the deep filtration unit, with a filtration rate of 2m / h. Backwashing is started when the filter bed resistance reaches 0.2MPa, and the backwashing time is 15min. Disinfection and reuse: The effluent after deep filtration enters the disinfection and reuse unit, where the ultraviolet disinfection time is set to 20 minutes. After activated carbon adsorption, the effluent is tested. The qualified effluent with a pH of 7-8, CODcr concentration of 40 mg / L, and suspended solids content of 6 mg / L is used for industrial production makeup water.

[0057] Test results: Effluent COD removal rate was 95%, suspended solids removal rate was 98%, bacteria removal rate was 99.5%, and heavy metal ion (Pb) removal rate was [not specified]. 2+ Cd 2+ The removal rate is ≥88%, meeting the standard of the "Design Code for Industrial Water Softening and Desalination" (GB / T50109-2014). The energy consumption of the device is reduced by 25% compared to traditional processes, and the operating cost is reduced by 20%. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device, characterized in that, It includes a pretreatment unit, an enhanced reaction unit, a sedimentation and separation unit, a deep filtration unit, and a disinfection and reuse unit, connected sequentially by pipelines. Flow regulating valves and multi-parameter monitoring sensors are installed on the pipelines between adjacent units. The pretreatment unit removes large floating debris and sand particles from the wastewater, while simultaneously homogenizing and regulating the wastewater quality. The enhanced reaction unit includes a reaction tank, a composite catalyst packing layer, a microporous aeration component, and an intelligent reagent dosing device. The composite catalyst packing layer, located within the reaction tank, is modified activated carbon loaded with titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, and features microporous... The aeration unit is located at the bottom of the reaction tank, and the intelligent chemical dosing device is located on the side wall of the reaction tank for adding chemicals into the tank. The sedimentation and separation unit is used to achieve efficient solid-liquid separation of suspended flocs and water in the wastewater. The deep filtration unit is used to remove fine suspended solids, residual organic pollutants, heavy metal ions and ammonia nitrogen from the wastewater, while also realizing the recycling of backwash water. The disinfection and reuse unit is used to disinfect the wastewater, remove disinfection byproducts and trace pollutants, and ensure that the effluent consistently meets the standards for reclaimed water reuse, thus realizing the resource utilization of wastewater. The disinfection and reuse unit is connected to the deep filtration unit and the pretreatment unit through pipelines.

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment unit consists of a detachable screen, a grit chamber, and a regulating tank, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A detachable screen is located above the grit chamber, and an inclined sand discharge pipe with an opening angle of 30°~45° is located at the bottom of the grit chamber. The sand discharge pipe is connected to a pneumatic sand discharge pump for discharging sand and gravel. Wastewater from the grit chamber enters the regulating tank through a pipe. The regulating tank is equipped with a stirring assembly and a multi-parameter water quality monitoring module. The stirring assembly is used to mix the wastewater thoroughly. The multi-parameter water quality monitoring module is used to monitor the wastewater's pH value, COD concentration, suspended solids content, and water temperature in real time.

3. The high-efficiency energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of titanium dioxide to zinc oxide in the composite catalyst filling layer is 1:1; the modified activated carbon is activated at high temperature and has a specific surface area ≥1200 m² / g; the filling density of the composite catalyst filling layer is 0.8~1.2 g / cm³. 3 The modified activated carbon was prepared by acid washing with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, vacuum impregnation with a tetrabutyl titanate-zinc nitrate mixed sol, and calcination at a high temperature of 500~550℃ under nitrogen protection.

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous aeration assembly comprises a main aeration pipe, branch pipes, and a microporous aeration disc connected in sequence. The aeration pore size of the microporous aeration disc is 1~3μm, and the aeration pressure is controlled at 0.1~0.2MPa. The intelligent chemical dosing device includes a PAC storage tank, a PAM storage tank, and a metering pump. The metering pump is linked to the monitoring sensor at the front end of the enhanced reaction unit and automatically adjusts the dosage of PAC and PAM storage tanks according to the influent COD and suspended solids concentration. The dosage of PAC is 50~100mg / L, and the dosage of PAM is 5~10mg / L.

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sedimentation separation unit includes a sedimentation tank body, inclined tube assembly, conical sludge hopper, automatic sludge scraping device, and sawtooth overflow trough. The inclined tube assembly is located above the sedimentation tank body and consists of multiple sets of honeycomb polypropylene inclined tubes. Each inclined tube has an inclination angle of 60°, a length of 1.0~1.5m, and a tube spacing of 20~30mm between adjacent tubes. The conical sludge hopper is located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body, with a cone angle of 60°. A sludge discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the conical sludge hopper. An electromagnetic sludge discharge valve is installed on the sludge discharge pipe leading to the outside of the sedimentation tank body. The electromagnetic sludge discharge valve is linked with the sludge concentration sensor. When the sludge concentration in the sludge hopper reaches the set value, the sludge is automatically discharged. An automatic sludge scraping device is located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body to thoroughly scrape the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper to avoid sludge accumulation. The sawtooth overflow trough is located at the top of the sedimentation tank body. The outlet of the sawtooth overflow trough is connected to the deep filtration unit through a pipe. The inlet of the sedimentation tank body is located below the inclined tube assembly.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The deep filtration unit includes a filter tank, a three-layer composite filter media layer, and a circulating backwashing system. The three-layer composite filter media layer is located inside the filter tank, and the circulating backwashing system is used to rinse the three-layer composite filter media layer. From top to bottom, the three-layer composite filter media layer consists of a quartz sand filter layer, a modified zeolite filter layer, and an activated carbon filter layer. The quartz sand filter layer is composed of quartz sand with a particle size of 0.8~1.2mm. The modified zeolite filter layer is composed of modified zeolite with a particle size of 0.5~0.8mm. The modified zeolite is zeolite ore roasted at 480~520℃ and then modified with acid, with a cation exchange capacity ≥150meq / 100g. The activated carbon filter layer is composed of activated carbon with a particle size of 0.3~0.5mm.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The disinfection and reuse unit includes an ultraviolet sterilizer, an activated carbon adsorption tank, and an online effluent quality monitoring device, all connected sequentially by pipes. The ultraviolet sterilizer is equipped with a 240-320W low-pressure, high-intensity ultraviolet lamp. The activated carbon adsorption tank is filled with activated carbon with an iodine value ≥1000mg / g. The online effluent quality monitoring device is used to monitor the pH, COD, suspended solids, and total bacterial count of the effluent in real time. The effluent pipe after the online effluent quality monitoring device is equipped with a diversion pipe, which is connected to the backwash inlet of the depth filtration unit via a reuse pipe. The diversion pipe is also connected to the pretreatment unit.

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a central control cabinet, with each unit electrically connected to the central control cabinet. The central control cabinet connects the flow regulating valves and multi-parameter monitoring sensors installed between each unit. Among them, the reaction tank is electrically connected to the central control cabinet, and the intelligent reagent dosing device is electrically connected to the central control cabinet.

9. A wastewater treatment method, characterized in that, The treatment is achieved by the high-efficiency and energy-saving wastewater treatment device according to any one of claims 1-8, and the treatment method includes the following steps: S1. Wastewater is pumped into the pretreatment unit to remove large floating debris. Sand and gravel particles settle under gravity and are discharged through an inclined sand discharge pipe. Under stirring conditions, the wastewater is mixed evenly, and the pH value, COD concentration, and suspended solids content of the wastewater are monitored in real time. S2. The effluent from the pretreatment unit enters the enhanced reaction unit. Based on real-time monitoring of the wastewater's pH, COD concentration, and suspended solids content, the pH is adjusted to 7.0~8.5 using an intelligent dosing device. PAC is added at a dosage of 50~100mg / L, and PAM is added at a dosage of 5~10mg / L. While the mixture is reacting, the microporous aeration components are activated, controlling the aeration pressure at 0.1~0.2MPa and the aeration time at 30~60min. S3. The effluent from the enhanced reaction unit enters the sedimentation and separation unit. The wastewater flows slowly in the honeycomb inclined tube. The suspended flocs settle quickly to the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity. The automatic sludge scraping device scrapes the sludge at the bottom of the tank into the conical sludge hopper. When the sludge concentration in the sludge hopper reaches the set value, the electromagnetic sludge discharge valve automatically opens to discharge sludge. The supernatant flows smoothly into the depth filtration unit through the sawtooth overflow channel. S4. Wastewater enters the deep filtration unit and passes through the quartz sand filter layer, modified zeolite filter layer and activated carbon filter layer in sequence to achieve gradient removal of fine suspended solids, heavy metal ions, ammonia nitrogen and residual organic matter. The filtration rate is controlled at 1~2m / h. S5. The effluent from the deep filtration unit enters the disinfection and reuse unit for ultraviolet disinfection and activated carbon adsorption before being discharged. When the effluent preparation is qualified, the effluent is transported to the point of use through the reuse pipeline; when the effluent indicators are not qualified, the unqualified sewage is returned to the equalization tank of the pretreatment unit for reprocessing.

10. The wastewater treatment method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In step S4, when the filter layer resistance reaches 0.1~0.2MPa, the circulating backwashing system is automatically started. The backwash water is supplied by the effluent from the disinfection and reuse unit. The backwashing time is 10~15min. The wastewater after backwashing is returned to the equalization tank for reprocessing. In step S5, the ultraviolet disinfection time is 15-20 minutes.

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