Artificial coal and method for producing the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste resource utilization technology, specifically to a type of artificial coal that can be used for gasification and its preparation method. The raw materials for preparing the artificial coal include: 100 parts by weight of weakly caking coal, 20-50 parts by weight of waste plastics, and 0.5-2.5 parts by weight of additives; the additives include a main additive and optional auxiliary additives; wherein the main additive is selected from one or more of sand, quartz sand, dolomite, olivine, activated carbon, coal gasification fly ash, coal gasification bottom ash, and alumina; the auxiliary additives are loaded onto the main additive and are selected from one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, Si, P, K, and S. The artificial coal provided by this invention has good crushing characteristics, can meet the requirements of fluidized bed gasification for raw material particle size, and can achieve excellent gasification effect during gasification in a fluidized bed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of resource utilization technology of waste materials, specifically to a type of artificial coal that can be used for gasification and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic is an important resource, bringing great convenience to people's lives while also causing serious environmental problems. Currently, my country has approximately 1 billion tons of waste plastic. Existing methods for waste plastic disposal mainly include physical recycling, incineration for power generation, and landfill. However, physical recycling can mostly only process relatively simple and high-value waste plastics. Although physically recycled plastic products can be downgraded for reuse, most waste plastics can only be recycled 2-3 times before they cannot be recycled again. While incineration for power generation and landfill can achieve resource reuse of waste plastics, these two methods still pose the problem of secondary pollution. How to efficiently and cleanly utilize waste plastics is receiving increasing attention.

[0003] Waste plastics are a substance rich in carbon and hydrogen elements. They can be gasified using coal gasification technology to convert them into high-value-added chemicals, such as combustible gases like carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and methane (CH4), as well as tar and carbon black.

[0004] Coal gasification technology refers to the process of converting the combustible components of coal or coke into combustible gases through a chemical reaction under high temperature and pressure, using oxygen (air, oxygen-enriched, or industrial pure oxygen) and steam as gasifying agents. Coal gasification is generally carried out in a fluidized bed, which has strict requirements on the particle size of the raw materials. The coal used for gasification (i.e., the coal undergoing the gasification reaction) must meet the condition that the particle size of the raw coal is below 75 μm. However, it is currently difficult to crush waste plastics to the micron level, therefore waste plastics cannot be directly fed into a fluidized bed for gasification.

[0005] In addition, waste plastics are polymer materials composed of long molecular chains linked by covalent bonds, and their cohesive energy is greater than the bond energy of covalent bonds. When heated, waste plastics first undergo a glass transition, then melt, and decompose before reaching their cohesive energy. Therefore, waste plastics are difficult to gasify efficiently like coal.

[0006] Artificial coal is a man-made product with properties similar to coal that can be used as a substitute for coal. If waste plastics can be processed into artificial coal that can be gasified, efficient conversion and utilization of waste plastics in an entrained fluidized bed can be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that waste plastics are difficult to efficiently gasify in a fluidized bed in the prior art, and to provide artificial coal and its preparation method.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a type of artificial coal, wherein the raw materials for preparing the artificial coal include: 100 parts by weight of weakly caking coal, 20-50 parts by weight of waste plastics, and 0.5-2.5 parts by weight of additives; the additives include a main additive and optional auxiliary additives; wherein the main additive is selected from one or more of sand, quartz sand, dolomite, olivine, activated carbon, coal gasification fly ash, coal gasification bottom ash, and alumina, and the auxiliary additive is loaded on the main additive and is selected from one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, Si, P, K, and S.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing artificial coal, wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Mix weakly caking coal, waste plastics and additives and then granulate them to obtain coarse particles;

[0011] (2) The coarse particles are dried and then crushed to obtain artificial coal.

[0012] The beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention through the above technical solution are as follows:

[0013] 1) The artificial coal provided in this invention has good crushing characteristics and can meet the requirements of fluidized bed for raw material particle size;

[0014] 2) The artificial coal provided in this invention has the advantages of low gasification temperature and high gasification efficiency, and can have excellent gasification effect when gasified in a fluidized bed.

[0015] 3) The artificial coal provided in this invention has a low bulk density and a small mass per unit volume, which can effectively reduce transportation difficulty and transportation costs;

[0016] 4) The method for preparing artificial coal provided in this invention adds additives when preparing artificial coal using coal and waste plastics. The additives enable the artificial coal to have both good crushing characteristics and gasification performance, and enable waste plastics to be efficiently gasified in the fluidized bed.

[0017] 5) The method for preparing artificial coal provided in this invention is simple, the cold and hot air can be recycled, the energy consumption is low, and it is suitable for industrial promotion. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0019] A first aspect of the present invention provides a synthetic coal, wherein the synthetic coal comprises 100 parts by weight of weakly caking coal, 20-50 parts by weight of waste plastics, and 0.5-2.5 parts by weight of additives; the additives include a main additive and optional auxiliary additives; wherein the main additive is selected from one or more of sand, quartz sand, dolomite, olivine, activated carbon, coal gasification fly ash, coal gasification bottom ash, and alumina, and the auxiliary additive is loaded on the main additive and is selected from one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, Si, P, K, and S.

[0020] In this invention, the inventors discovered that adding the aforementioned additives during the preparation of artificial coal from weakly caking coal and waste plastics can, on the one hand, act as a mechanical grinder, and on the other hand, act as a catalyst, promoting the breakage of polymer chains in the plastics. These two effects work synergistically to significantly improve the abrasion resistance and crushing characteristics of the artificial coal, enabling it to meet the particle size requirements of fluidized bed gasification. Furthermore, it can lower the gasification temperature of the artificial coal, increase combustion efficiency, and thus significantly improve the gasification effect of the artificial coal during gasification in a fluidized bed.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the artificial coal comprises 100 parts by weight of weakly caking coal, 30-40 parts by weight of waste plastics, and 1-1.5 parts by weight of additives.

[0022] In this invention, excessive addition of additives can easily lead to a decrease in the calorific value of the artificial coal, which is detrimental to its gasification; insufficient addition of additives cannot effectively assist in grinding or catalyze the breaking of polymer chains. When the amounts of coal, waste plastics, and additives are within the aforementioned preferred ranges, the artificial coal can better balance good grindability and gasification performance.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the caking index of the weakly caking coal is 5-30, preferably 10-20.

[0024] In this invention, the caking index of the weakly caking coal is measured according to the national standard GB / T 5447-1997. The inventors of this invention have discovered that weakly caking coal with a lower caking index has better compatibility with waste plastics, which can further improve the grindability and gasification performance of artificial coal.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention does not specifically limit the waste plastics, and all waste plastics commonly found in the art can be used in the present invention, such as waste plastics from landfills.

[0026] In this invention, the waste plastic can be a single type of waste plastic or a mixture of different types of waste plastics, such as waste polyethylene (PE), waste polypropylene (PP), waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET), waste polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), waste polystyrene (PS), waste polyurethane (PU), waste acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC), waste ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), epoxy resin, and phenolic resin, or any one or more of these. Preferably, the waste plastic in this invention is a low-value waste plastic that cannot be physically recycled or is unsuitable for other chemical recycling methods.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main additive is selected from one or more of sand, quartz sand, dolomite, olivine, and aluminum oxide. In this invention, aluminum oxide is further preferably γ-Al₂O₃.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary additive is selected from one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, and Si.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the additive includes a main additive and an auxiliary additive; wherein the mass content of the auxiliary additive is 5-30% of the mass of the main additive, preferably 10-20%.

[0030] In this invention, the auxiliary additive exists in the form of oxides, and the mass of the auxiliary additive is defined as the mass of the oxide corresponding to the element. The inventors of this invention have discovered that when a small amount of auxiliary additive is loaded onto the main additive, the gasification temperature of the artificial coal is lower and the gasification effect is better. This invention does not impose any special limitations on the method of loading the auxiliary additive; methods known in the field of catalysts can be used to load the auxiliary additive onto the main additive.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the average particle size of the weakly caking coal is ≤1mm, preferably ≤0.5mm; the average particle size of the waste plastic is ≤50mm, preferably ≤20mm; and the average particle size of each of the additives is independently ≤40 mesh, preferably 20-35 mesh.

[0032] In this invention, before preparing artificial coal, weakly caking coal and waste plastics can be crushed using known methods. Preferably, the waste plastics can also be washed, dried, and purified. By controlling the average particle size of the weakly caking coal and waste plastic additives, the gasification performance of the artificial coal can be further improved.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the artificial coal has an HGI ≥ 50, preferably 50-65; and an average particle size ≤ 100000 μm, preferably 5000-20000 μm.

[0034] In this invention, the artificial coal has an HGI ≥ 50 and an average particle size that can be further ground to below 75 μm. It is a high-quality raw material that can enter the fluidized bed for efficient gasification and can achieve high-quality conversion of waste plastics and weakly caking coal.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the artificial coal contains 70-80 wt% C and 6.5-8 wt% H.

[0036] In this invention, artificial coal can retain the C and H elements in weakly caking coal and waste plastics to the maximum extent, which helps to generate more high-heat combustible gases during the gasification process, thereby improving the gasification effect.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the M of the artificial coal ad The moisture content is 5.3-5.4 wt%, and the total amount of halogens (F, Cl, Br) is ≤0.02 wt%.

[0038] In this invention, excessive moisture content in the engineered coal can lead to several problems. Firstly, it increases energy consumption during the gasification process, causing a decrease in temperature within the gasifier, slowing the gasification reaction, and reducing gasification efficiency. Secondly, the presence of moisture dilutes the concentration of effective components in the gasification products, resulting in a lower calorific value of the syngas. When the moisture content of the engineered coal is within the aforementioned limits, the gasification rate is not only faster, but the syngas produced also has a higher calorific value. Controlling the total amount of halogens helps reduce corrosion of equipment during the gasification process and improves production safety.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Q of the artificial coal net,ad The lower heating value (on an air-dried basis) is 17,000-20,000 KJ / kg, and the total amount of Zn, Pb, Na, Hg, Ba, Cd, Cu, and V in the ash is ≤0.02wt%.

[0040] In this invention, the Q of artificial coal is... net,adLimiting the process to the above range helps to further reduce the gasification temperature and improve the gasification efficiency. Reducing the content of trace metals in the ash can improve the stability of the additive's catalytic effect, thereby increasing the quality and yield of syngas.

[0041] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the artificial coal described in the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0042] (1) Mix weakly caking coal, waste plastics and additives and then granulate them to obtain coarse particles;

[0043] (2) The coarse particles are dried and then crushed to obtain artificial coal.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molding and granulation are carried out in a molding device, wherein the molding device is selected from a twin-screw molding device and / or a multi-screw molding device.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the barrel temperature of the molding equipment is 120-230℃, preferably 185-220℃; the mold temperature is 255-300℃, preferably 260-280℃; and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 8-16mm, preferably 10-14mm.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molding material extruded from the main body of the molding equipment is cut by the stirring scraper inside the hopper or falls into the hopper by itself under gravity. The material is then cooled by cold air inside the hopper to obtain coarse particles.

[0047] In this invention, the purpose of using cold air to cool the material in the hopper is to prevent the molding material from sticking together at high temperatures.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature is 105-130°C, preferably 110-120°C.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cold air entering the hopper to cool the molding material absorbs heat and then transforms into hot air. The hot air can be used to dry coarse particles. After drying is completed, the hot air transforms back into cold air and can be returned to the hopper for recycling.

[0050] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0051] The waste plastics come from a landfill in Suzhou, Anhui Province. After preliminary screening to remove mechanical impurities such as metals and bricks, the waste plastics are sent to a shredder for crushing.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] (1) Weakly caking coal with an adhesion index of 10 and an average particle size of ≤0.5mm, waste plastic with an average particle size of ≤20mm, and an additive with an average particle size of 30 mesh (the main additive is γ-Al2O3, the auxiliary additive is Si, and the mass content of the auxiliary additive is 15% of the mass of the main additive) are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:37:1.3 and sent to the main body of the molding equipment for molding. The molding material extruded from the main body of the molding equipment is cut by the stirring scraper in the hopper and falls into the hopper. It is cooled by cold air in the hopper and discharged from the bottom of the hopper after cooling to room temperature to obtain coarse particles. The cold air is then turned into hot air. The temperature of the barrel and the temperature of the mold of the molding equipment are 190℃ and 270℃, respectively, and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 12mm.

[0054] (2) The coarse particles are sent to the drying device by the blower. The coarse particles are dried by the hot air from the silo at a drying temperature of 115°C. After the hot air is cooled down, it is turned into cold air and returned to the silo for recycling. The dried coarse particles are crushed by a jaw crusher to obtain artificial coal with an average particle size of 6000μm.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] (1) Weakly caking coal with an adhesion index of 15 and an average particle size of ≤0.5mm, waste plastic with an average particle size of ≤20mm, and an additive with an average particle size of 25 mesh (the main additive is olivine, the auxiliary additive is Ni, and the mass content of the auxiliary additive is 10% of the mass of the main additive) are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:35:1.5 and sent to the main body of the molding equipment for molding. The molding material extruded from the main body of the molding equipment is cut by the stirring scraper in the hopper and falls into the hopper. It is cooled by cold air in the hopper and discharged from the bottom of the hopper after being cooled to room temperature to obtain coarse particles. The cold air is then turned into hot air. The temperature of the barrel and the temperature of the mold of the molding equipment are 220℃ and 280℃, respectively, and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 10mm.

[0057] (2) The coarse particles are sent to the drying device by the blower. The coarse particles are dried by the hot air from the silo at a drying temperature of 115°C. After the hot air is cooled down, it is turned into cold air and returned to the silo for recycling. The dried coarse particles are crushed by a jaw crusher to obtain artificial coal with an average particle size of 5000μm.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] (1) Weakly caking coal with a bonding index of 20 and an average particle size of ≤0.5mm, waste plastic with an average particle size of ≤20mm, and an additive with an average particle size of 20 mesh (the main additive is quartz sand, the auxiliary additive is Mg, and the mass content of the auxiliary additive is 20% of the mass of the main additive) are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:32:1 and sent to the main body of the molding equipment for molding. The molding material extruded by the main body of the molding equipment is cut by the stirring scraper in the hopper and falls into the hopper. It is cooled by cold air in the hopper. After cooling to room temperature, it is discharged from the bottom of the hopper to obtain coarse particles. The cold air is then turned into hot air. The temperature of the barrel and the temperature of the mold of the molding equipment are 210℃ and 260℃, respectively, and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 14mm.

[0060] (2) The coarse particles are sent to the drying device by the blower and the hot air from the silo is used to dry the coarse particles at a drying temperature of 115°C. After the hot air is cooled down, it is turned into cold air and returned to the silo for recycling. The dried coarse particles are crushed by a jaw crusher to obtain artificial coal with an average particle size of 7000μm.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] (1) Weakly caking coal with an adhesion index of 25 and an average particle size of ≤1mm, waste plastic with an average particle size of ≤50mm, and an additive with an average particle size of 40 mesh (the main additive is coal gasification fly ash, the auxiliary additive is S, and the mass content of the auxiliary additive is 30% of the mass of the main additive) are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:25:0.6 and sent to the main body of the molding equipment for molding. The molding material extruded by the main body of the molding equipment is cut by the stirring scraper in the hopper and falls into the hopper. It is cooled by cold air in the hopper and discharged from the bottom of the hopper after cooling to room temperature to obtain coarse particles. The cold air is then turned into hot air. The temperature of the barrel and the temperature of the mold of the molding equipment are 230℃ and 300℃, respectively, and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 8mm.

[0063] (2) The coarse particles are sent to the drying device by the blower and the hot air from the silo is used to dry the coarse particles at a drying temperature of 115°C. After the hot air is cooled down, it is turned into cold air and returned to the silo for recycling. The dried coarse particles are crushed by a jaw crusher to obtain artificial coal with an average particle size of 7000μm.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] (1) Weakly caking coal with an adhesion index of 30 and an average particle size of ≤1mm, waste plastic with an average particle size of ≤50mm, and additives with an average particle size of 10 mesh (the main additive is coal gasification fly ash, and the mass content of the auxiliary additives is 0% of the mass of the main additives) are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:45:2 and sent to the main body of the molding equipment for molding. The molding material extruded from the main body of the molding equipment is cut by the stirring scraper in the hopper and falls into the hopper. It is cooled by cold air in the hopper and discharged from the bottom of the hopper after being cooled to room temperature to obtain coarse particles. The cold air is then turned into hot air. The temperature of the barrel and the temperature of the mold of the molding equipment are 175℃ and 255℃, respectively, and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 14mm.

[0066] (2) The coarse particles are sent to the drying device by the blower. The coarse particles are dried by the hot air from the silo at a drying temperature of 115°C. After the hot air is cooled down, it is turned into cold air and returned to the silo for recycling. The dried coarse particles are crushed by a jaw crusher to obtain artificial coal with an average particle size of 13000μm.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that the additives are omitted.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the coal used is not weakly caking coal, but coking coal with a caking index of 55 and an average particle size of ≤1mm.

[0071] Test Example 1

[0072] The C, H, and M elements in the artificial coal prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 ad (Moisture), total halogens (F, Cl, Br), Q net,ad The contents of (air-dried basis lower heating value) and the total amount of Zn, Pb, Na, Hg, Ba, Cd, Cu, and V in the ash (i.e., the total amount of metallic elements in the ash) were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it is evident that the use of additives helps to maximize the preservation of C and H elements in coal and waste plastics in artificial coal, and appropriately increases the air-dried lower heating value of artificial coal. This is because, in the artificial coal preparation method provided in this invention, the waste plastics undergo slight pyrolysis under the action of additives, thus preserving the C and H elements in the waste plastics in the artificial coal. A higher content of C and H elements helps generate more high-calorific-value combustible gases during gasification. Furthermore, increasing the air-dried lower heating value of artificial coal helps to lower the gasification temperature, improve combustion efficiency, and thus significantly enhance the gasification effect of artificial coal in a fluidized bed.

[0077] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it is evident that weakly caking coal with a lower caking index exhibits better compatibility with waste plastics, higher C and H content, and a higher lower heating value on an air-dried basis, which can further improve the gasification performance of artificial coal. Furthermore, artificial coal prepared using weakly caking coal has lower total metal and halogen content in its ash, resulting in more stable catalytic effects from additives and better gasification performance.

[0078] Test Example 2

[0079] The grindability of the artificial coals prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2. The grindability test method was carried out according to MT / T 852-2000 "Hardgrove Grindability Index Classification of Coal", where HGI is the Hardgrove Grindability Index.

[0080] Table 2

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] In this invention, a higher HGI indicates better grindability of the artificial coal, making it easier to pulverize. Table 2 shows that the artificial coal prepared in this invention has an HGI between 50 and 65, indicating excellent grindability and easy pulverization into small, uniform particles, thus better meeting the feeding requirements of fluidized beds.

[0084] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the present invention, by adding additives during the preparation of artificial coal, helps to significantly improve the grindability of artificial coal.

[0085] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that compared with coking coal with a high caking index, the artificial coal prepared by using weakly caking coal with a low caking index has a higher Hardgrove Grindability Index, and therefore the artificial coal has better grindability.

[0086] Test Example 3

[0087] The crushing characteristics of the artificial coal prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0088] The test method for crushing characteristics is as follows: the sample to be tested is placed in a sealed pulverizer for crushing. After crushing for 15 minutes, it is placed in a vibrating screen for 10 minutes for sieving. The aperture of the screen used is 75 μm. After sieving is complete, the sieved material is collected and weighed. The percentage of particles with a particle size below 75 μm is calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0089] Table 3

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] As shown in Table 3, the artificial coal prepared in this invention has excellent crushing characteristics. The particle size of the crushed artificial coal is basically below 75 μm, which can meet the strict requirements of fluidized bed for raw material particle size and can be fully gasified in the fluidized bed. In contrast, the artificial coal prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 is difficult to be fully crushed to 75 μm, which will significantly affect the gasification effect.

[0093] Test Example 4

[0094] Gasification tests were conducted on the artificial coal used in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 at 1400℃, 6 MPa, and a coal-oxygen ratio of 0.7. The test results are shown in Table 4. The test methods for key gasification indicators are as follows:

[0095] Effective gas production rate: refers to the volume of effective syngas (CO+H2) produced per unit mass (1 kg dry basis feedstock) under standard conditions (0℃, 1 atmosphere). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Compared to raw material consumption: 1000 Nm of material is generated. 3 The mass of raw materials consumed in the reaction (CO + H2) is calculated using the following formula:

[0098]

[0099] Table 4

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] As shown in Table 4, the artificial coal prepared in this invention has an effective gas production rate of 240,000 Nm³ when gasified in a gasification bed. 3 The rate is above 670 kg / kNm³, compared to raw material consumption of over 670 kg / kNm³. 3 Below, the lowest is 597 kg / kNm 3 This demonstrates that the artificial coal prepared in this invention can be efficiently gasified in a fluidized bed.

[0103] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of artificial coal, characterized in that the artificial coal comprises 100 parts by weight of weakly caking coal, 20-50 parts by weight of waste plastics, and 0.5-2.5 parts by weight of additives; the additives include main additives and optional auxiliary additives; wherein, The main additive is selected from one or more of sand, quartz sand, dolomite, olivine, activated carbon, coal gasification fly ash, coal gasification bottom ash, and alumina. The auxiliary additive is loaded on the main additive and is selected from one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, Si, P, K, and S.

2. The artificial coal according to claim 1, wherein, The artificial coal comprises 100 parts by weight of weakly caking coal, 30-40 parts by weight of waste plastics, and 1-1.5 parts by weight of additives.

3. The artificial coal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The caking index of the weakly caking coal is 5-30, preferably 10-20.

4. The artificial coal according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The main additive is selected from one or more of sand, quartz sand, dolomite, olivine, and aluminum oxide.

5. The artificial coal according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the auxiliary additive is selected from one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, and Si.

6. The artificial coal according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The additives include main additives and auxiliary additives; wherein the mass content of the auxiliary additives is 5-30% of the mass of the main additives, preferably 10-20%.

7. The artificial coal according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The average particle size of the weakly caking coal is ≤1mm, preferably ≤0.5mm; Preferably, the average particle size of the waste plastic is ≤50mm, more preferably ≤20mm; Preferably, the average particle size of the additive is ≤40 mesh, and more preferably 5-35 mesh.

8. A method for preparing artificial coal according to any one of claims 1-7, Its characteristic is that the method includes the following steps: (1) Mix weakly caking coal, waste plastics and additives and then granulate them to obtain coarse particles; (2) The coarse particles are dried and then crushed to obtain artificial coal.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein, The molding and granulation are carried out in molding equipment; Preferably, the molding equipment is selected from twin-screw molding equipment and / or multi-screw molding equipment.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The temperature of the material barrel of the molding equipment is 120-230℃, preferably 185-220℃; the temperature of the mold is 255-300℃, preferably 260-280℃; and the inner diameter of the mold outlet is 8-16mm, preferably 10-14mm.

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