Recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment and construction method

Abstract

This invention, entitled "A Recyclable Support Structure and Construction Method Based on Intelligent Monitoring and Self-Adjustment," belongs to the field of support technology for foundation pit engineering. The technical problem it addresses is that existing foundation pit support systems primarily utilize cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, which suffer from long construction cycles, non-recyclable resources, poor site adaptability, and weak safety management capabilities. The key technical points are: the support mechanism achieves length adjustment through threaded connections between threaded steel sleeves and threaded steel pipes at both ends; it integrates multi-sensor monitoring components, uses an edge computing module to calculate axial force and generate commands, and a servo-driven mechanism automatically rotates the sleeve to achieve prestressed closed-loop adjustment; the construction method includes factory calibration, on-site installation, automatic force application, intelligent monitoring, and dismantling and recycling, supporting clustered collaborative control of multiple support mechanisms and emergency protection for sudden working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit engineering support replacement technology, specifically involving a recyclable support replacement structure and construction method based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] In foundation pit engineering, support replacement is a crucial step in the transformation of the foundation pit support system, directly affecting the safe construction of the main structure and the overall stability of the foundation pit. Currently, foundation pit support replacement mainly adopts cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures. This method has many significant drawbacks. It requires sequential completion of processes such as rebar binding, formwork installation, concrete pouring, and curing. Among these, the concrete curing process consumes a significant portion of the critical construction period, severely restricting the overall project progress. Furthermore, the support structure is permanently buried in the foundation pit after the main structure is completed, making it impossible to recycle and reuse, resulting in a large waste of steel and concrete resources, which does not meet the requirements of green construction and sustainable development. At the same time, cast-in-place construction requires a large temporary material storage area and operating space, which is extremely difficult to implement in deep foundation pit projects in urban areas with limited space. In addition, traditional cast-in-place support is a purely passive load-bearing component. After installation, it is impossible to detect key mechanical parameters such as internal axial force and deformation. Once overload or support stiffness mismatch occurs, it is difficult to detect and deal with it in time, posing significant safety hazards.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues with cast-in-place reinforced concrete support replacement, the industry has begun promoting steel structure support replacement technology. However, existing steel structure support replacement still relies on traditional, purely mechanical, passive force-bearing methods. During the actual construction and operation of foundation pit projects, various dynamic factors, such as deformation of the support structure, thermal expansion and contraction of steel pipes due to temperature changes, and dynamic displacement during the main structure construction, can cause the actual stress on the support structure to continuously deviate from the design value. Existing recyclable support replacement structures cannot provide real-time feedback on their stress and deformation status, nor do they possess the function of actively adjusting their support capabilities based on monitoring data, making it difficult to achieve refined and intelligent control of the support replacement process.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a recyclable replacement support structure and construction method based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment, which solves the problems of existing foundation pit replacement supports mainly adopting cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, which have long construction cycles, non-recyclable resources, poor site adaptability and weak safety control capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The first aspect is a recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment, including: a support switching mechanism, a monitoring component, a data acquisition and edge computing module, and a servo drive mechanism; The support replacement mechanism includes a threaded steel sleeve, a bracket, and two threaded steel pipes. The inner diameters at both ends of the threaded steel sleeve are adapted to the outer diameters of the threaded steel pipes. The two threaded steel pipes are threadedly connected to both ends of the threaded steel sleeve. Rotating the threaded steel sleeve can bring the two threaded steel pipes closer or further apart. One threaded steel pipe is connected to the main structure through the bracket, and the other threaded steel pipe is connected to the support structure. The monitoring component is installed on the support replacement mechanism. The monitoring component includes a strain sensor, a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor. Multiple strain sensors are arranged along the axial direction of the threaded steel pipe. The temperature sensor is installed on one side of the strain sensor. The displacement sensor is installed on the threaded steel sleeve. The detection end of the displacement sensor is installed at the ends of two threaded steel pipes respectively. The data acquisition and edge computing module is connected to the monitoring component via a signal cable. The data acquisition and edge computing module is equipped with a data acquisition unit and an edge computing unit. The edge computing unit generates control commands. The servo drive mechanism is mounted on the outer periphery or end side of the threaded steel sleeve via a bracket. The servo drive mechanism includes a servo geared motor and a motor driver. The motor driver controls the servo geared motor to drive the threaded steel sleeve to rotate forward or backward.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer surface of the threaded steel sleeve is uniformly welded with multiple stiffening ribs parallel to the axial direction of the threaded steel sleeve, and the inner sleeve for increased stability is fixedly connected inside the threaded steel sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring component also includes a tilt sensor, which is mounted on the threaded steel sleeve to monitor the tilt angle of the support mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the strain sensor is a vibrating wire strain gauge or a fiber optic strain sensor, the temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor, and the displacement sensor is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the data acquisition and edge computing module also integrates a wireless communication unit, which is used to upload real-time monitoring data and control records to the cloud monitoring platform and receive remote control commands.

[0011] Secondly, the construction method for a recyclable and replaceable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment includes the following steps: S1. Complete the assembly of threaded steel sleeve, threaded steel pipe and monitoring components in the factory, calibrate the assembled support mechanism, establish a mechanical model parameter table, and write the calibration data into the edge computing module; S2. Install brackets on the main structure, roughen the corresponding position of the support structure until the steel bars are exposed, then install one threaded steel pipe of the replacement support mechanism on the bracket, and weld the other threaded steel pipe to the exposed steel bars for fixation. S3. Install the servo drive mechanism, set the preset axial force value, and control the servo geared motor to rotate the threaded steel sleeve through the data acquisition and edge computing module, so that the support mechanism extends and tightens. At the same time, the monitoring component monitors and calculates the axial force value in real time, and stops after the preset axial force is reached. S4. The edge computing module continuously collects sensor data and calculates axial force, deformation, and tilt status. When the monitored value exceeds the preset allowable range, it automatically generates a control command. The servo reduction motor rotates according to the control command to bring the axial force back to the preset range. S5. After the main structure is completed, the threaded steel sleeve is rotated by a servo geared motor to shorten the support replacement mechanism and retract it.

[0012] Furthermore, when multiple support replacement mechanisms work together, the edge computing modules of each support replacement mechanism interact with each other. Through a collaborative optimization algorithm, with the goal of homogenizing the axial force distribution of the entire support replacement system or minimizing the deformation of the support structure, the target axial force value of each support replacement mechanism is dynamically adjusted to achieve cluster adaptive collaborative control.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the monitored value exceeding the preset allowable range has three levels.

[0014] Furthermore, the strain sensor is a vibrating wire strain gauge or a fiber optic strain sensor, and the strain sensors are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the threaded steel pipe. The temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor, and the displacement sensor is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the servo geared motor remains in a self-locking state after it stops rotating.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) By integrating strain sensors, displacement sensors, temperature sensors and tilt sensors into the support replacement mechanism, and with edge computing, the existing passive static support replacement structure is upgraded to an active intelligent control system, which can sense its own stress and deformation state in real time and automatically adjust the support force and length in combination with preset values, which significantly improves the safety of the foundation pit support replacement. (2) By establishing a mechanical model and implementing test data in the laboratory, the system can automatically compensate for axial force fluctuations caused by factors such as temperature changes and wall displacement, so that the support mechanism is always in the optimal stress state. (3) Through the monitoring component, it can identify dangerous signs such as abnormal stress and accelerated deformation in the early stage and automatically alarm, and can automatically perform unloading or loading operations according to the preset program, and has the function of risk warning; (4) The support replacement mechanism has the characteristics of quick disassembly and reusability, which extends the service life and reduces the amount of steel used; (5) The modular design of the support replacement mechanism is easy to operate on the work site, reduces the need for manual calibration and debugging, and shortens the construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support-changing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the support mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 An installation location diagram of the monitoring component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the servo drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure label: 1. Support mechanism; 11. Threaded steel sleeve; 12. Bracket; 13. Threaded steel pipe; 14. Stiffening rib; 15. Inner sleeve; 2. Monitoring components; 21. Strain sensor; 22. Temperature sensor; 23. Displacement sensor; 24. Tilt sensor; 3. Data acquisition and edge computing module; 4. Servo drive mechanism; 5. Main structure; 6. Support structure; 61. Pile main reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement and numerical expressions of the components and steps described in these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0020] The following description of exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the invention or its application or use in any way. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail herein, but where applicable, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of this specification.

[0021] Example 1 See Figures 1 to 4 The recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment proposed in this invention includes a support replacement mechanism 1, a monitoring component 2, a data acquisition and edge computing module 3, and a servo drive mechanism 4. The support-changing mechanism 1 includes a threaded steel sleeve 11, a bracket 12, and two threaded steel pipes 13. The threaded steel sleeve 11 is 1.5m long, has an inner diameter of 300mm, and a thickness of 10mm. The inner wall of the threaded steel sleeve 11 is machined with trapezoidal threads. The two threaded steel pipes 13 are each 0.6m long and have an outer diameter of 298mm. The inner diameters at both ends of the threaded steel sleeve 11 and the outer diameters of the threaded steel pipes 13 form a clearance fit. The two threaded steel pipes 13 are threadedly connected to the two ends of the threaded steel sleeve 11. When the threaded steel sleeve 11 is rotated clockwise, the two threaded steel pipes 13 extend outwards simultaneously, increasing the overall length of the support-changing mechanism 1. When the threaded steel sleeve 11 is rotated counterclockwise, the two threaded steel pipes 13 retract inwards simultaneously, decreasing the overall length of the support-changing mechanism 1.

[0022] Multiple stiffening ribs 14, parallel to the axial direction of the threaded steel sleeve 11, are uniformly welded to the outer surface of the threaded steel sleeve 11. The stiffening ribs 14 are 1.5m long, 15mm high, and 10mm wide, and are used to improve the bending stiffness and torsional strength of the threaded steel sleeve 11. An inner sleeve 15, with a diameter of 260mm and a thickness of 8mm, is welded inside the threaded steel pipe 13 to enhance stability.

[0023] One threaded steel pipe 13 is connected to the main structure 5 via a bracket 12. The bracket 12 is formed by splicing two L100×10 angle steels in an L-shape and is fixed to the outer wall of the structure with M16 expansion bolts. The other threaded steel pipe 13 is welded to the support structure 6. If the support structure 6 is a bored pile, the end of the threaded steel pipe 13 is welded to the main reinforcement 61 of the pile partially chiseled out in the support structure 6; if the support structure 6 is a steel pile, the end of the threaded steel pipe 13 is welded to the surface of the steel pile.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, monitoring component 2 is installed on the support-changing mechanism 1. Monitoring component 2 includes strain sensor 21, temperature sensor 22, displacement sensor 23, and tilt sensor 24. Strain sensor 21 is a vibrating wire strain gauge or fiber optic strain sensor. Multiple strain sensors 21 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the threaded steel pipe 13 to detect bending deformation. Temperature sensor 22 is a digital temperature sensor, installed on one side of strain sensor 21, for real-time monitoring of structural temperature. Displacement sensor 23 is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor. The housing of displacement sensor 23 is fixed to the threaded steel sleeve 11, and the detection ends of displacement sensor 23 are respectively installed at the ends of two threaded steel pipes 13. When the length of the support-changing mechanism 1 changes, displacement sensor 23 reads the length change value in real time. A dual-axis tilt sensor 24 is also installed in the middle of the threaded steel pipe 13 to measure the pitch and tilt angles of the support-changing mechanism 1 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0025] The data acquisition and edge computing module 3 is installed inside an equipment box, which is fixed to the edge of the foundation pit or the top of the support structure 6. The equipment box integrates an 8-channel vibrating wire acquisition module, a 4-channel temperature acquisition module, an edge computing motherboard, a wireless communication module, an antenna, and a power supply module. The edge computing motherboard contains a pre-stored calibration model of the support mechanism 1 and is connected to the monitoring component 2 via signal cables. The data acquisition and edge computing module 3 internally includes a data acquisition unit for collecting signals from various sensors and an edge computing unit for calculating the actual axial force of the support mechanism 1.

[0026] The calibration model is a four-dimensional data table of strain, temperature, length and axial force obtained by applying different loads to the support mechanism 1 under different temperatures and extension lengths in the factory using a universal testing machine. The data is then solidified into a function using cubic spline interpolation and temperature compensation algorithms.

[0027] In actual operation, the edge computing motherboard reads data from each sensor at a frequency of 10Hz, inputs it into the calibration model to calculate the axial force, and simultaneously calculates the displacement change rate and tilt angle change rate. Finally, it generates control commands based on the calculation results. Three preset threshold levels are also implemented: Level 1 is the normal control level, where PID regulation is initiated when the axial force fluctuation exceeds ±10% of the design value or the displacement rate exceeds 0.1mm / min; Level 2 is the warning level, where a warning message is sent and enhanced monitoring mode is entered when the axial force reaches 80% of the design limit or the displacement rate exceeds 0.5mm / min; and Level 3 is the emergency level, where an emergency unloading procedure is automatically executed when the axial force exceeds the design limit or the displacement rate exceeds 2mm / min, and the servo geared motor reverses until the axial force drops to 50% of the design value.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the servo drive mechanism 4 is mounted on the outer periphery or end side of the threaded steel sleeve 11 via a bracket. It includes a servo geared motor and a motor driver. The motor driver receives control commands and controls the servo geared motor to drive the threaded steel sleeve 11 to rotate forward or backward via a gear set. The gear set consists of a meshing large gear and a small gear. The large gear is mounted on the threaded sleeve, and the small gear is mounted on the output shaft of the servo geared motor. The servo geared motor can self-lock its current position to prevent unexpected changes in the length of the support mechanism 1.

[0029] Example 2 The construction method for a recyclable and replaceable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment proposed in this invention includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the threaded steel sleeve, threaded steel pipe, and monitoring components in the factory; calibrate the assembled support mechanism; establish a mechanical model parameter table; and write the calibration data into the edge computing module; specifically including: S11. Complete the processing and pre-assembly of the support replacement mechanism 1 in the factory: weld the stiffening ribs 14 on the outer surface of the threaded steel sleeve 11, weld the inner sleeve 15 inside the threaded steel pipe 13, and thread the two threaded steel pipes 13 to the two ends of the threaded steel sleeve 11 respectively; attach the strain sensor 21 and temperature sensor 22 to the flange at the end of the threaded steel pipe 13, install the displacement sensor 23 and tilt sensor 24 on the threaded steel sleeve 11, and complete the integrated wiring of the monitoring component 2.

[0030] S12. Perform mechanical calibration on the assembled support mechanism 1: Fix the support mechanism 1 to the universal testing machine, and conduct graded loading tests at three typical temperature points of 10℃, 20℃ and 30℃, respectively, under different extension length conditions from 0mm to the maximum extension length. Simultaneously collect strain, temperature, length and axial force data under the corresponding conditions, and establish a four-dimensional mechanical model parameter table of strain-temperature-length-axial force. The calibration model is solidified into a callable function using cubic spline interpolation and temperature compensation algorithms and written into the data acquisition and edge computing module 3; a unique QR code is generated by the model number, calibration parameters, and factory serial number of the support mechanism 1 and affixed to the surface of the equipment box.

[0031] S2. Install brackets on the main structure, roughen the corresponding positions of the support structure until the reinforcing steel is exposed, then install one threaded steel pipe of the replacement support mechanism on the bracket, and weld the other threaded steel pipe to the exposed reinforcing steel; when multiple replacement support mechanisms work together, the edge computing modules of each replacement support mechanism interact with each other, and dynamically adjust the target axial force value of each replacement support mechanism through a collaborative optimization algorithm with the goal of homogenizing the axial force distribution of the entire replacement support system or minimizing the deformation of the support structure, so as to achieve cluster adaptive collaborative control; specifically including: S21. Install bracket 12 at the design elevation of the main structure 5. The bracket 12 is made of two L100×10 angle steels spliced ​​into an L shape and fixed to the outer wall of the main structure 5 with M16 expansion bolts to ensure that the top surface of the bracket 12 is horizontal. Remove the concrete protective layer at the corresponding position of the support structure 6 to expose the internal pile main reinforcement 61 and clean the surface rust of the reinforcement.

[0032] S22. Hoist the entire support replacement mechanism 1 to the installation position, so that the end of one end of the threaded steel pipe 13 is in close contact with the main reinforcement bar 61 of the pile. After adjusting the level of the support replacement mechanism 1, fix it by double-sided welding. Place the other end of the threaded steel pipe 13 stably on the bracket 12, and adjust the center line of the support replacement mechanism 1 so that its alignment deviation with the center line of the structural floor slab is no more than 5mm.

[0033] S3. Install the servo drive mechanism, set the preset axial force value, and control the servo geared motor to rotate the threaded steel sleeve through the data acquisition and edge computing module, so that the support mechanism extends and tightens. At the same time, the monitoring component monitors and calculates the axial force value in real time, and stops after the preset axial force is reached; specifically including: S31. Install the servo drive mechanism 4 on the outer periphery or end side of the threaded steel sleeve 11, connect all sensor cables and motor cables to the equipment box of the data acquisition and edge computing module 3, and ensure the cables are waterproofed. After the system is powered on, the data acquisition and edge computing module 3 automatically identifies all sensors and reads the initial zero point to complete the system self-test.

[0034] S32. The operator connects to the configuration interface of the data acquisition and edge computing module 3 via Bluetooth on a mobile phone, inputs the preset axial force value, and starts the automatic force application program. The data acquisition and edge computing module 3 sends control commands to the servo drive mechanism 4 to control the servo reduction motor to rotate clockwise, which drives the threaded steel sleeve 11 to rotate at a constant speed through the gear set, so that the support changing mechanism 1 slowly extends and tightens. Monitoring component 2 collects data in real time, and data acquisition and edge computing module 3 calculate the actual axial force synchronously. When the axial force reaches the preset value within ±10kN, the servo geared motor automatically stops and maintains a self-locking state.

[0035] S4. The edge computing module continuously collects sensor data, calculates axial force, deformation, and tilt status. When the monitored value exceeds the preset allowable range, it automatically generates a control command. The servo reduction motor rotates according to the control command, returning the axial force to the preset range. Specifically, this includes: The data acquisition and edge computing module 3 continuously acquires signals from strain sensor 21, temperature sensor 22, displacement sensor 23, and tilt sensor 24 at a frequency of 10Hz, and calculates the actual axial force, deformation, and tilt angle of the support mechanism 1 in real time. When the monitored value exceeds the preset allowable range, it automatically generates a control command to control the servo drive mechanism 4 to perform forward or reverse rotation, so that the axial force returns to the preset range. The strain sensor adopts a vibrating wire strain gauge or a fiber optic strain sensor, and the strain sensor is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the threaded steel pipe. The temperature sensor adopts a digital temperature sensor, and the displacement sensor adopts a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.

[0036] The system presets three levels of control thresholds, corresponding to different response strategies: Level 1 (Normal Control): When the axial force fluctuation exceeds ±10% of the design value or the displacement rate is greater than 0.1 mm / min, PID closed-loop regulation is activated to slowly adjust the axial force to the target range. Level 2 (Warning): When the axial force reaches 80% of the design limit or the displacement rate is greater than 0.5 mm / min, a warning message is sent to the cloud platform and on-site management personnel. The system increases the data acquisition frequency to 50 Hz and enters enhanced monitoring mode. Level 3 (Emergency): When the axial force exceeds the design limit or the displacement rate is greater than 2 mm / min, the emergency unloading procedure will be executed immediately and automatically. The servo geared motor will be controlled to reverse at maximum torque to quickly reduce the axial force to 50% of the design value.

[0037] Monitoring data is uploaded to the cloud monitoring platform every 10 seconds. The system automatically generates a curve of the change in the axial force of the support and a daily monitoring report, which can be viewed and archived remotely by project managers.

[0038] S5. After the main structure construction is completed, the threaded steel sleeve is rotated by a servo geared motor to shorten and retract the support replacement mechanism; the servo geared motor remains in a self-locking state after stopping rotation; specifically including: S51. After the main structure 5 is completed and the concrete reaches 100% of the design strength, send an unload and recycling command to the data acquisition and edge computing module 3 through the cloud platform or local configuration interface.

[0039] S52, the data acquisition and edge computing module 3 controls the servo reduction motor to rotate counterclockwise at a speed of 0.2 rpm, so that the support replacement mechanism 1 slowly and uniformly unloads at a rate of about 20 kN / min until the axial force drops to 0; the on-site personnel use gas cutting to cut off the welding point between the threaded steel pipe 13 and the main reinforcement of the pile 61, and use a crane to lift the support replacement mechanism 1 away from the site in a stable manner.

[0040] S53. Clean the surface laitance of the recovered support replacement mechanism 1, check the sensitivity of the monitoring component 2 and the operating status of the servo drive mechanism 4, replace damaged parts, record the number of uses and working conditions, and store it in the warehouse for recycling in the next project.

[0041] Example 3 This embodiment provides a cluster-based coordinated control method for multiple support mechanisms 1 for large-area foundation pit engineering, which solves the problem of uneven stress distribution in the support system caused by independent control of a single support mechanism.

[0042] For large-area foundation pits, multiple support replacement mechanisms 1 are arranged along the outer wall of the main structure 5 at the designed spacing. Each support replacement mechanism 1 is independently equipped with a monitoring component 2, a data acquisition and edge computing module 3, and a servo drive mechanism 4. All data acquisition and edge computing modules 3 are connected to a field centralized controller through an industrial bus. The centralized controller has a simplified finite element model of the entire foundation pit support replacement system embedded in it.

[0043] During the operation of the support system, the data acquisition and edge computing module 3 of each support mechanism 1 uploads its own axial force, displacement and tilt angle data to the on-site central controller in real time; the central controller inverts the overall deformation shape and stress distribution of the support structure 6 based on the monitoring data of all support mechanisms 1.

[0044] The centralized controller uses "minimizing the variance of axial force of all support mechanism 1" and "minimizing the maximum horizontal displacement of support structure 6" as dual optimization objectives. It uses the particle swarm optimization algorithm to perform a global optimization calculation every 5 minutes to obtain the optimal target axial force value of each support mechanism 1 at the next moment, and sends the target axial force value to the corresponding data acquisition and edge computing module 3.

[0045] After receiving the target axial force value, each data acquisition and edge computing module 3 independently performs closed-loop adjustment, controls the servo drive mechanism 4 to adjust the length of the support switching mechanism 1, so that the actual axial force matches the target axial force value, and realizes the adaptive and coordinated control of the entire support switching system.

[0046] Actual measurements show that after adopting the cluster collaborative control method of this embodiment, the standard deviation of axial force of each support mechanism 1 is reduced from 35kN to 12kN when not coordinated, the maximum horizontal displacement of the support structure 6 is reduced from 8.2mm to 5.1mm, the force distribution of the support system is more uniform, and the overall safety reserve is significantly improved.

[0047] Example 4 This embodiment provides an automatic emergency protection method for the strut-replacement structure under unexpected conditions such as sudden impact loads, to avoid plastic failure and chain safety accidents.

[0048] When sudden events occur outside the foundation pit, such as heavy vehicle traffic, sudden changes in surrounding load, or underground pipeline rupture, the support replacement mechanism 1 will bear instantaneous impact loads. If the data acquisition and edge computing module 3 detects that the axial force change rate of the support replacement mechanism 1 is greater than 10 kN / ms and the axial force exceeds the design limit value, a level three emergency protection procedure will be immediately triggered: The motor driver instantly receives the emergency unloading command and controls the servo geared motor to rotate counterclockwise at maximum torque, quickly shortening the support replacement mechanism 1, so that the axial force is reduced to 50% of the design value within 2 seconds, thus preventing the support replacement mechanism 1 from buckling and failing. At the same time, a red alert is sent to the cloud monitoring platform and the mobile phone of the on-site safety officer through the wireless communication unit. The alert content includes the time of the over-limit occurrence, the peak value of the axial force over-limit, the current axial force value, and the specific location of the support replacement mechanism 1. The data acquisition and edge computing module 3 automatically saves high-frequency monitoring data from 10 seconds before and after a fault to local non-volatile memory for subsequent accident cause analysis and technical improvement.

[0049] Because the system's automatic unloading response was timely, the replacement support mechanism 1 and the entire support system did not suffer plastic damage. Afterwards, only non-destructive testing of the welded joint between the threaded steel pipe 13 and the main reinforcement bar 61 of the pile was required. Once confirmed to be undamaged, it could be put back into use. If a traditional replacement support structure without adjustment function were used, such a sudden impact load could easily cause the threaded steel pipe 13 to buckle, the connecting weld to tear, or even trigger a chain reaction of damage to the foundation pit support system, resulting in major safety accidents and economic losses.

[0050] The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment, characterized in that, include: Support changing mechanism, monitoring components, data acquisition and edge computing module, and servo drive mechanism; The support replacement mechanism includes a threaded steel sleeve, a bracket, and two threaded steel pipes. The inner diameters at both ends of the threaded steel sleeve are adapted to the outer diameters of the threaded steel pipes. The two threaded steel pipes are threadedly connected to both ends of the threaded steel sleeve. Rotating the threaded steel sleeve can bring the two threaded steel pipes closer or further apart. One threaded steel pipe is connected to the main structure through the bracket, and the other threaded steel pipe is connected to the support structure. The monitoring component is installed on the support replacement mechanism. The monitoring component includes a strain sensor, a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor. Multiple strain sensors are arranged along the axial direction of the threaded steel pipe. The temperature sensor is installed on one side of the strain sensor. The displacement sensor is installed on the threaded steel sleeve. The detection end of the displacement sensor is installed at the ends of two threaded steel pipes respectively. The data acquisition and edge computing module is connected to the monitoring component via a signal cable. The data acquisition and edge computing module is equipped with a data acquisition unit and an edge computing unit. The edge computing unit generates control commands. The servo drive mechanism is mounted on the outer periphery or end side of the threaded steel sleeve via a bracket. The servo drive mechanism includes a servo geared motor and a motor driver. The motor driver controls the servo geared motor to drive the threaded steel sleeve to rotate forward or backward.

2. The recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the threaded steel sleeve is uniformly welded with multiple stiffening ribs parallel to the axial direction of the threaded steel sleeve, and an inner sleeve is fixedly connected inside the threaded steel sleeve to increase stability.

3. The recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring component also includes a tilt sensor, which is mounted on the threaded steel sleeve and used to monitor the tilt angle of the support mechanism.

4. The recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strain sensor is a vibrating wire strain gauge or a fiber optic strain sensor; the temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor; and the displacement sensor is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.

5. The recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and edge computing module also integrates a wireless communication unit, which is used to upload real-time monitoring data and control records to the cloud monitoring platform and receive remote control commands.

6. A construction method for a recyclable and replaceable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Complete the assembly of threaded steel sleeve, threaded steel pipe and monitoring components in the factory, calibrate the assembled support mechanism, establish a mechanical model parameter table, and write the calibration data into the edge computing module; S2. Install brackets on the main structure, roughen the corresponding position of the support structure until the steel bars are exposed, then install one threaded steel pipe of the replacement support mechanism on the bracket, and weld the other threaded steel pipe to the exposed steel bars for fixation. S3. Install the servo drive mechanism, set the preset axial force value, and control the servo geared motor to rotate the threaded steel sleeve through the data acquisition and edge computing module, so that the support mechanism extends and tightens. At the same time, the monitoring component monitors and calculates the axial force value in real time, and stops after the preset axial force is reached. S4. The edge computing module continuously collects sensor data and calculates axial force, deformation, and tilt status. When the monitored value exceeds the preset allowable range, it automatically generates a control command. The servo reduction motor rotates according to the control command to bring the axial force back to the preset range. S5. After the main structure is completed, the threaded steel sleeve is rotated by a servo geared motor to shorten the support replacement mechanism and retract it.

7. The construction method for a recyclable and replaceable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, When multiple support replacement mechanisms work together, the edge computing modules of each support replacement mechanism interact with each other. Through a collaborative optimization algorithm, with the goal of homogenizing the axial force distribution of the entire support replacement system or minimizing the deformation of the support structure, the target axial force value of each support replacement mechanism is dynamically adjusted to achieve cluster adaptive collaborative control.

8. The construction method for a recyclable and replaceable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the monitored value exceeding the preset allowable range has three levels.

9. The construction method for a recyclable and replaceable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The strain sensor is a vibrating wire strain gauge or a fiber optic strain sensor, and the strain sensors are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the threaded steel pipe. The temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor, and the displacement sensor is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.

10. The construction method of the recyclable support structure based on intelligent monitoring and self-adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The servo geared motor remains in a self-locking state after it stops rotating.

Images