A self-leveling, quick installation guardrail

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-adaptive leveling quick-installation guardrail, comprising a counterweight box, base plates, a support frame, a photovoltaic panel, hydraulic support rods, and a fence. Multiple counterweight boxes are provided, each with a hydraulic drive device at its bottom. A control box is mounted on each counterweight box. Multiple base plates are provided, installed at the bottom of the counterweight boxes, and each base plate has a hydraulic motor. A lifting screw is provided at the output end of each hydraulic motor and is electrically connected to the counterweight box. Multiple hydraulic motors and the hydraulic drive device are connected together. The support frame is detachably mounted on the top of the counterweight box. The photovoltaic panel is mounted on the support frame and electrically connected to the control box. The hydraulic support rods are fixed to the top of the counterweight box. The fence is mounted on the hydraulic support rods at the top of two adjacent counterweight boxes, and its height can be adjusted by the hydraulic support rods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of guardrail technology, specifically to a self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail. Background Technology

[0002] In construction foundation pit excavation, municipal pipeline trench construction, and temporary traffic diversion projects for road reconstruction and expansion, edge protection barriers are core protective facilities for implementing safety production regulations and preventing personnel falls, material roll-offs, and vehicle intrusions. Current industry standards require that foundation pits deeper than 1.5m must be continuously equipped with enclosed edge protection, and the protective poles must remain vertical, with the bases meeting anti-slip and anti-overturning standards; municipal temporary isolation facilities must meet the stringent requirements of frequent relocation, rapid disassembly and assembly, and reusability.

[0003] Currently, traditional foundation pit protection railings and temporary municipal isolation railings widely used on construction sites still suffer from several intractable technical defects. Existing patents and mature products on the market have not yet formed a systematic solution. Specific problems include: First, a lack of self-adaptive leveling capability and insufficient safety and stability. Construction sites around foundation pit slopes and pipe trenches are often unhardened undisturbed soil after excavation, with numerous pits, slopes, and elevation differences. Traditional railing bases are mostly integrally cast concrete counterweight blocks or fixed steel plate bases, with the leg height not independently adjustable. When placed on uneven ground, the uprights inevitably tilt, shifting the overall center of gravity and making them highly prone to tipping over. In rainy, muddy conditions, the smooth bottom surface of the base lacks anti-slip structures, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction with the ground. This makes it easy for the railing to slip and shift after collisions with personnel or materials, rendering the protective barrier ineffective. Every year, numerous accidents occur at construction sites due to railing collapses causing falls. Existing adjustable bases only use a single hand-cranked lifting mechanism with all four legs lifting synchronously, which cannot individually compensate for single-point elevation differences and still cannot achieve a completely level base, resulting in extremely poor leveling adaptability. Secondly, the handling, installation, and dismantling processes are cumbersome and inefficient. Traditional concrete counterweight bases can weigh over 100 kilograms, requiring forklifts and cranes for transport, making them unsuitable for small pits or narrow trenches. Conventional metal bases require pre-drilling for expansion bolts and pouring concrete for fixing, with each guardrail installation taking over 30 minutes. During project construction, the protection points need frequent adjustments as excavation progresses, and repeated bolt removal and base pouring significantly slows down the construction pace. The dismantling and assembly process involves numerous welding and bolt tightening steps, requiring a variety of tools, making it impossible for a single person to complete the work independently, resulting in high labor costs. Existing quick-installation guardrails mostly use a sleeve-plug connection structure, but lack a locking and buffering structure, leading to severe pole swaying. Furthermore, they lack a corresponding moving and transporting structure, requiring multiple people to lift and move them, limiting their convenience. Thirdly, they have weak overturning resistance and poor protective reliability. Existing guardrails rely solely on the weight of their bases for stability, lacking lateral support reinforcement. When subjected to lateral impacts or strong winds, the bases withstand overturning moments only under their own weight, resulting in low ultimate impact load capacity. Some guardrails with added diagonal braces use fixed-length steel pipes, making them unsuitable for varying slopes. They cannot be folded and stored when not in use, occupying significant storage space and are easily damaged during transport. Fourth, the reuse rate is low, leading to high overall construction costs. Traditional guardrail bases have non-adjustable dimensions and counterweights, only matching single-specification uprights. Multiple sets of products are required for different heights and spacing protection scenarios. Concrete counterweights are brittle and prone to cracking and breakage after transport, disassembly, and impacts. Metal bases lack drainage structures, leading to rapid corrosion of the inner steel plates due to prolonged immersion in rainwater. Most bases become unusable after a single project, preventing reuse across projects. Existing guardrails lack modular and detachable designs, making it impossible to disassemble and recycle metal components after disposal, resulting in continuously increasing material waste costs.

[0004] In summary, the market urgently needs a self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail that can adapt to ground elevation differences, be quickly assembled and disassembled by a single person, have excellent anti-slip and anti-overturning performance, and be reusable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a quick-installation guardrail with adaptive leveling, which aims to improve the problems of existing foundation pit and municipal temporary guardrail base leveling difficulties, cumbersome disassembly and assembly, poor stability, low turnover rate and poor site adaptability.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows: A self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail, comprising: The counterweight box includes multiple counterweight boxes, each with a hydraulic drive device at its bottom and a control box on its top. The base is provided with multiple bases, which are installed at the bottom of the counterweight box. A hydraulic motor is provided on the base, and a lifting screw is provided at the output end of the hydraulic motor. The lifting screw is electrically connected to the counterweight box. The multiple hydraulic motors are connected to a hydraulic drive device. The support frame is detachably mounted on the top of the counterweight box; A photovoltaic panel, which is mounted on a support frame and electrically connected to a control box; Hydraulic support rods, which are fixed to the top of the counterweight box. The enclosure is mounted on hydraulic support rods at the top of two adjacent counterweight boxes, and the height of the enclosure can be adjusted by the hydraulic support rods.

[0007] Furthermore, the counterweight box has a filling port at the top, with a cap threadedly connected to the filling port; the control box has a male connector; the counterweight box has a base plate at the bottom, with multiple threaded holes threaded to the lifting screw; the counterweight box has a drain pipe at the bottom side, with a valve on the drain pipe; the hydraulic drive device is electrically connected to the control box via a connecting line, and the hydraulic drive assembly has multiple connecting pipes connected to a hydraulic motor.

[0008] Furthermore, the control box integrates a control module, which is electrically connected to a signal receiver, a hydraulic drive controller, a posture sensor, a remote alarm module, and a power supply module. The control module controls the operation of the entire guardrail. The posture sensor collects the horizontal tilt data of the counterweight box. The hydraulic drive controller controls the hydraulic motors of the four feet respectively to achieve independent electronic leveling. The remote alarm module provides a remote alarm when the tilt exceeds the standard. The power supply module includes a battery and a photovoltaic charging unit, which, together with the photovoltaic panel, provides power to the entire guardrail.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the foot is equipped with anti-slip casters, and the anti-slip casters are equipped with a caster drive mechanism and a caster conversion mechanism to realize the driving and conversion of the anti-slip casters; and the anti-slip casters are equipped with a limit locking mechanism to realize the locking of the casters; the side of the hydraulic motor is equipped with a pipe joint, and the pipe joint is connected to the connecting pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with multiple bolt holes, and the support frame is fixed to the top of the counterweight box by bolts passing through the bolt holes; the support frame is provided with clamping rods on both sides at an angle, and the two clamping rods are provided with clamping grooves on their opposite sides. Multiple set screws are provided on the clamping rods at positions aligned with the clamping grooves, and the set screws abut against the photovoltaic panel to fix the position of the photovoltaic panel.

[0011] Furthermore, the photovoltaic panel has a frame at its edge, which engages with the slot of the clamping rod. The photovoltaic panel has a wire on its side, and the end of the wire has a female connector, which is electrically connected to the male connector.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydraulic support rod is provided with a piston rod, the top of the piston rod is provided with a sleeve joint, the middle of the sleeve joint is provided with a sleeve groove, the side of the sleeve joint is provided with a first through hole, the bottom of the hydraulic support rod is provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is provided with multiple fixing holes, and the hydraulic support rod is fixed to the top of the counterweight box by bolts passing through the fixing holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the enclosure includes two upper main arms, an upper horizontal bar, and a lower horizontal bar. The upper horizontal bar is located at the top between the two upper main arms, and the lower horizontal bar is located at the bottom between the two upper main arms. The bottom end of the upper main arm is provided with a connector, which is inserted into a socket groove. The connector is provided with a second through hole aligned with the position of the first through hole. The connector and the socket groove are connected by bolts passing through the first and second through holes. The top end of the upper main arm is provided with a decorative piece.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a lateral support assembly. The counterweight box is symmetrically provided with adapter plates on both sides. The adapter plates are provided with adapter holes. The lateral support assembly includes a sleeve rod, a telescopic rod, and a rotatable suction cup. The top end of the sleeve rod is rotatably connected to the adapter plate via a pin. The telescopic rod is inserted from the bottom end of the sleeve rod. The bottom end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the rotatable suction cup.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the connecting rod is provided with a first adapter, which is U-shaped and has a pin hole. The first adapter engages with the adapter plate, and the pin hole is aligned with the adapter hole. The first adapter is rotatably connected to the adapter plate through the pin hole and the pin hole. The side of the connecting rod has a row of limiting holes from top to bottom. One end of the telescopic rod inserted into the connecting rod is provided with an elastic limiting joint. The bottom end of the telescopic rod is provided with a second adapter, which is U-shaped. The top of the rotatable suction cup is provided with an ear plate, which is inserted into the inside of the second adapter. The middle of the ear plate is provided with a third through hole. The rotatable suction cup is rotatably connected to the telescopic rod through the second adapter and the third through hole via a connecting pin.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention features independent hydraulic adaptive leveling, offering exceptional site adaptability. Four sets of feet are equipped with independent hydraulic motors and lifting screws, allowing for individual adjustment of the four corners' height. This precisely compensates for uneven ground and slope differences in the foundation pit, ensuring the base remains level and the uprights remain tilted. This fundamentally solves the safety hazard of traditional guardrails tipping over due to uneven ground. The accompanying posture sensor-based remote electronic leveling further reduces the difficulty of manual operation.

[0017] 2. The pole of this invention adopts a sleeve direct insertion locking structure, which eliminates the need for digging pits in the ground and drilling expansion bolts. A single person can complete the installation and disassembly of a single set of guardrails in 3 minutes. The universal wheels allow for transportation without the need for lifting equipment, and can be flexibly transported in narrow trenches and small foundation pits.

[0018] 3. On the one hand, the counterweight box can be filled to freely adjust the weight of the base, and on the other hand, it is equipped with a foldable and telescopic lateral support component to form a triangular stable force system with the ground; the bottom anti-slip universal wheel and vacuum rubber suction cup double anti-slip structure make it less prone to slipping on muddy ground in rainy weather, and its resistance to lateral impact and overturning performance is significantly better than traditional products.

[0019] 4. All components of this invention are detachable and foldable for storage. Water or sand for the counterweight can be filled and drained on-site, significantly reducing the weight during transport. The counterweight box has a built-in drainage pipe for easy drainage of water from the counterweight. The steel plate body is wear-resistant and impact-resistant, with no easily damaged or brittle components, allowing for repeated use across projects and greatly reducing the cost of purchasing, scrapping, and replacing guardrails.

[0020] 5. The present invention provides lateral support for idle, foldable, and close-fitting boxes, occupying little stacking space; the height of the uprights is adjustable, adapting to multiple scenarios such as foundation pit edges, municipal traffic guidance, and commercial isolation, and one set of equipment meets various construction protection needs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight box of the present invention from a front-end oblique downward view. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight box of the present invention from a rear-end tilting angle. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foot of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic support rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the enclosure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral support component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structured block diagram of the control box of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Counterweight box; 11. Inlet; 12. Cover; 13. Adapter plate; 131. Adapter hole; 14. Control box; 141. Male connector; 15. Base plate; 151. Threaded hole; 16. Drain pipe; 161. Valve; 17. Hydraulic drive device; 171. Connecting line; 172. Connecting pipe; 2. Foot; 21. Anti-slip caster wheel; 22. Hydraulic motor; 23. Pipe joint; 24. Lifting screw; 3. Support frame; 31. Bolt hole; 32. Locking rod; 33. Locking groove; 34. Set screw; 4. Photovoltaic panel; 41. Frame; 42. Wire; 43. Female connector; 5. Hydraulic support rods; 51. Piston rod; 52. Socket joint; 53. First through hole; 54. Socket groove; 55. Fixing plate; 56. Fixing hole; 6. Enclosure; 61. Upper crossbar; 62. Upper main arm; 621. Plug joint; 622. Second through hole; 623. Decorative part; 63. Lower crossbar; 7. Lateral support assembly; 71. Socket rod; 711. First adapter; 712. Pin hole; 713. Limiting hole; 72. Telescopic rod; 721. Elastic limiting joint; 722. Second adapter; 723. Connecting pin; 73. Rotatable suction cup; 731. Ear plate; 732. Third through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides further details: Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive leveling quick-installation guardrail, which includes multiple sets of counterweight boxes 1, multiple sets of footrests 2, a support frame 3 detachably installed on the top of the counterweight box 1, photovoltaic panels 4 mounted on the support frame 3, hydraulic support rods 5 fixed to the top of the counterweight box 1, a barrier 6 erected between two adjacent sets of hydraulic support rods 5 of the counterweight box 1, and lateral support components 7 symmetrically mounted on both sides of the counterweight box 1. All components of the entire device adopt a modular and detachable design, which can be disassembled and transported separately, and worn parts can be replaced separately. It is suitable for various construction scenarios such as pit edge protection, temporary isolation of municipal roads, and trench excavation barriers 6. The single counterweight box 1 serves as the basic load-bearing base of the entire guardrail. The top of the counterweight box 1 has an injection port 11 for adding sand, gravel, and water as counterweight materials. The outer wall of the injection port 11 is machined with external threads, and a sealing cap 12 with internal threads is used to achieve sealing. During construction, the counterweight medium can be filled into the counterweight box 1 through the injection port 11 according to the site's anti-overturning requirements. Before transportation, the drain pipe 16 installed at the bottom of the side of the box is opened. The drain pipe 16 is equipped with a valve 161 to control the on / off state, and the internal water or sand and gravel is drained, which greatly reduces the overall weight of transportation and solves the defects of traditional concrete counterweight bases that are too heavy and rely on lifting machinery for transportation. A control box 14 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the counterweight box 1. The outer wall of the control box 14 has a pre-reserved male connector 141 for quick connection with the female connector 43 at the end of the photovoltaic panel 4 to connect the power supply line. The bottom of the counterweight box 1 has an integrally formed base plate 15. Multiple sets of threaded holes 151 are evenly opened on the surface of the base plate 15. Foot 2 is installed at the bottom of the base plate 15 corresponding to each set of threaded holes 151. A hydraulic drive device 17 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom of the counterweight box 1. Multiple connecting lines 171 are led out from the hydraulic drive device 17 and connected to the internal electrical structure of the control box 14. At the same time, multiple independent connecting pipes 172 extend outward from the hydraulic drive device 17. Each connecting pipe 172 is connected to a set of hydraulic motors 22 of the foot 2, and hydraulic power is supplied to the hydraulic motors 22 to realize independent power supply for the four corner foot 2.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, each set of foot 2 completely includes anti-slip casters 21, a hydraulic motor 22, a lifting screw 24, and a pipe connector 23. The hydraulic motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the main frame of the foot 2. The pipe connector 23 is pre-installed on the side of the hydraulic motor 22. The pipe connector 23 is sealed and connected to the connecting pipe 172 leading out from the hydraulic drive device 17. The output end of the hydraulic motor 22 is vertically connected to the lifting screw 24. The lifting screw 24 is screwed upward into the corresponding threaded hole 151 in the bottom plate 15 of the counterweight box 1. The lifting screw 24 is driven to rotate by the forward and reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 22, thereby adjusting the overall support of a single foot 2. Height; The anti-slip swivel wheel 21 is installed at the bottom of the foot 2. The anti-slip swivel wheel 21 integrates a swivel wheel drive mechanism, a swivel wheel conversion mechanism, and a limit locking mechanism. During the transfer operation, the limit locking mechanism is unlocked, and the anti-slip swivel wheel 21 is driven by the swivel wheel drive mechanism. In narrow trenches and small foundation pits, it can be pushed and transferred by a single person without the need for a forklift or crane. After positioning, the limit locking mechanism is locked to restrict the rolling and sliding of the anti-slip swivel wheel 21. Together with the rotatable suction cup 73, a double anti-slip structure is formed to cope with muddy, potholed and soft ground in rainy weather, which greatly reduces the risk of the overall slippage of the guardrail.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, bolt assembly points are reserved on the top plane of the counterweight box 1. The support frame 3 is locked and fixed to the top of the counterweight box 1 by multiple bolts passing through the bolt holes 31. The support frame 3 has a symmetrical inclined frame structure. The left and right sides of the support frame 3 are respectively inclined with locking rods 32. The inner side plates of the two locking rods 32 are opened with long slots 33. Multiple sets of set screws 34 are evenly distributed at the corresponding slots 33 of each locking rod 32. The photovoltaic panel 4 is clamped between the slots 33 of the two locking rods 32. The photovoltaic panel 4 has an integral metal frame 41 around it. After the frame 41 is completely embedded in the slots 33, the set screws 34 at each position are tightened. The ends of the set screws 34 press against the outer wall of the frame 41 of the photovoltaic panel 4, thus completing the positioning and fixing of the photovoltaic panel 4 without loosening. When disassembling the photovoltaic panel 4, it is only necessary to loosen the set screws 34 to pull it out directly without disassembling the support frame 3 as a whole. A power transmission wire 42 is led out from the side of the photovoltaic panel 4. A female connector 43 is installed at the end of the wire 42. The female connector 43 is aligned with the male connector 141 on the outer wall of the control box 14 and plugged in to complete the photovoltaic power supply circuit connection. After the photovoltaic panel 4 receives natural light and converts it into electrical energy, it continuously supplies power to all electrical components inside the control box 14, so that the entire guardrail can operate independently without external mains power.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, the control box 14 houses a complete control module. This module forms stable electrical connections with the signal receiver, hydraulic drive controller, attitude sensor, remote alarm module, and power supply module. The power supply module includes a built-in battery and photovoltaic charging unit. The photovoltaic charging unit receives electrical energy from the photovoltaic panel 4 and stores it in the battery, providing continuous power during cloudy days and nighttime conditions without sunlight. The attitude sensor continuously collects the horizontal tilt angle data of the counterweight box 1 in real time. This tilt data is transmitted to the hydraulic drive controller in real time. The hydraulic drive controller independently controls the hydraulic motors 22 corresponding to the four feet 2 to start respectively. The system can stop, rotate forward and reverse, and adjust the extension length of the corresponding lifting screw 24 of the foot 2 individually for single-point height differences on the ground. It automatically compensates for height differences caused by ground potholes and slope gradients. The entire process is electrically controlled to complete the self-adaptive leveling of the base, eliminating the need for manual repeated adjustment of the foot height. The signal receiver can receive control commands issued by the on-site handheld controller and remote terminal, allowing staff to remotely control all functions such as leveling and raising / lowering of the fence 6. When the attitude sensor detects that the tilt angle of the counterweight box 1 exceeds the safety threshold, the remote alarm module automatically sends an alarm signal and pushes a fence tilt risk warning to the project management personnel terminal to promptly eliminate on-site safety hazards.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the hydraulic support rod 5 is assembled on the top of the counterweight box 1 via a bottom fixing plate 55. Multiple fixing holes 56 are formed on the surface of the fixing plate 55. Bolts pass through the fixing holes 56 to lock and fix the hydraulic support rod 5. A telescopic piston rod 51 is installed inside the hydraulic support rod 5. A sleeve joint 52 is welded to the top of the piston rod 51. A downwardly recessed sleeve groove 54 is formed in the middle of the sleeve joint 52. A first through hole 53 is formed transversely through the side wall of the sleeve joint 52. The enclosure 6 is assembled by the bottom insertion joint 621 being inserted into the sleeve groove 54. The enclosure 6 is formed by splicing two upper main arms 62, an upper crossbar 61, and a lower crossbar 63. The upper crossbar 61 is horizontally fixed between the tops of the two upper main arms 62. A horizontal crossbar 63 is fixed between the bottom ends of two upper main arms 62. An integrally formed connector 621 is formed at the bottom of each upper main arm 62. A second through hole 622, perfectly aligned with the first through hole 53, is opened on the side wall of the connector 621. After the connector 621 is fully inserted into the socket groove 54, a fastening bolt is used to horizontally pass through the first through hole 53 and the second through hole 622 to lock it in place, achieving quick connection and fixation between the enclosure 6 and the hydraulic support rod 5. Disassembly and assembly can be completed by simply removing the fastening bolt, allowing a single person to complete the disassembly and assembly work in a short time. A decorative piece 623 is fitted at the very top of each upper main arm 62, serving both aesthetic purposes and preventing sharp edges from injuring on-site construction personnel. The hydraulic support rod 5 uses the extension and retraction of its internal piston rod 51 to drive the overall lifting and lowering of the socket 52, simultaneously raising or lowering the enclosure 6. Workers can flexibly adjust the overall protection height of the enclosure 6 according to the depth of the pit and the required isolation and protection height, making one set of equipment suitable for various protection scenarios.

[0029] Example 2 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive leveling quick-installation guardrail, which includes multiple sets of counterweight boxes 1, multiple sets of footrests 2, a support frame 3 detachably installed on the top of the counterweight box 1, photovoltaic panels 4 mounted on the support frame 3, hydraulic support rods 5 fixed to the top of the counterweight box 1, a barrier 6 erected between two adjacent sets of hydraulic support rods 5 of the counterweight box 1, and lateral support components 7 symmetrically mounted on both sides of the counterweight box 1. All components of the entire device adopt a modular and detachable design, which can be disassembled and transported separately, and worn parts can be replaced separately. It is suitable for various construction scenarios such as pit edge protection, temporary isolation of municipal roads, and trench excavation barriers 6. The single counterweight box 1 serves as the basic load-bearing base of the entire guardrail. The top of the counterweight box 1 has an injection port 11 for adding sand, gravel, and water as counterweight materials. The outer wall of the injection port 11 is machined with external threads, and a sealing cap 12 with internal threads is used to achieve sealing. During construction, the counterweight medium can be filled into the counterweight box 1 through the injection port 11 according to the site's anti-overturning requirements. Before transportation, the drain pipe 16 installed at the bottom of the side of the box is opened. The drain pipe 16 is equipped with a valve 161 to control the on / off state, and the internal water or sand and gravel is drained, which greatly reduces the overall weight of transportation and solves the defects of traditional concrete counterweight bases that are too heavy and rely on lifting machinery for transportation. A control box 14 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the counterweight box 1. The outer wall of the control box 14 has a pre-reserved male connector 141 for quick connection with the female connector 43 at the end of the photovoltaic panel 4 to connect the power supply line. The bottom of the counterweight box 1 has an integrally formed base plate 15. Multiple sets of threaded holes 151 are evenly opened on the surface of the base plate 15. Foot 2 is installed at the bottom of the base plate 15 corresponding to each set of threaded holes 151. A hydraulic drive device 17 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom of the counterweight box 1. Multiple connecting lines 171 are led out from the hydraulic drive device 17 and connected to the internal electrical structure of the control box 14. At the same time, multiple independent connecting pipes 172 extend outward from the hydraulic drive device 17. Each connecting pipe 172 is connected to a set of hydraulic motors 22 of the foot 2, and hydraulic power is supplied to the hydraulic motors 22 to realize independent power supply for the four corner foot 2.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, each set of foot 2 completely includes anti-slip casters 21, a hydraulic motor 22, a lifting screw 24, and a pipe connector 23. The hydraulic motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the main frame of the foot 2. The pipe connector 23 is pre-installed on the side of the hydraulic motor 22. The pipe connector 23 is sealed and connected to the connecting pipe 172 leading out from the hydraulic drive device 17. The output end of the hydraulic motor 22 is vertically connected to the lifting screw 24. The lifting screw 24 is screwed upward into the corresponding threaded hole 151 in the bottom plate 15 of the counterweight box 1. The lifting screw 24 is driven to rotate by the forward and reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 22, thereby adjusting the overall support of a single foot 2. Height; The anti-slip swivel wheel 21 is installed at the bottom of the foot 2. The anti-slip swivel wheel 21 integrates a swivel wheel drive mechanism, a swivel wheel conversion mechanism, and a limit locking mechanism. During the transfer operation, the limit locking mechanism is unlocked, and the anti-slip swivel wheel 21 is driven by the swivel wheel drive mechanism. In narrow trenches and small foundation pits, it can be pushed and transferred by a single person without the need for a forklift or crane. After positioning, the limit locking mechanism is locked to restrict the rolling and sliding of the anti-slip swivel wheel 21. Together with the rotatable suction cup 73, a double anti-slip structure is formed to cope with muddy, potholed and soft ground in rainy weather, which greatly reduces the risk of the overall slippage of the guardrail.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, bolt assembly points are reserved on the top plane of the counterweight box 1. The support frame 3 is locked and fixed to the top of the counterweight box 1 by multiple bolts passing through the bolt holes 31. The support frame 3 has a symmetrical inclined frame structure. The left and right sides of the support frame 3 are respectively inclined with locking rods 32. The inner side plates of the two locking rods 32 are opened with long slots 33. Multiple sets of set screws 34 are evenly distributed at the corresponding slots 33 of each locking rod 32. The photovoltaic panel 4 is clamped between the slots 33 of the two locking rods 32. The photovoltaic panel 4 has an integral metal frame 41 around it. After the frame 41 is completely embedded in the slots 33, the set screws 34 at each position are tightened. The ends of the set screws 34 press against the outer wall of the frame 41 of the photovoltaic panel 4, thus completing the positioning and fixing of the photovoltaic panel 4 without loosening. When disassembling the photovoltaic panel 4, it is only necessary to loosen the set screws 34 to pull it out directly without disassembling the support frame 3 as a whole. A power transmission wire 42 is led out from the side of the photovoltaic panel 4. A female connector 43 is installed at the end of the wire 42. The female connector 43 is aligned with the male connector 141 on the outer wall of the control box 14 and plugged in to complete the photovoltaic power supply circuit connection. After the photovoltaic panel 4 receives natural light and converts it into electrical energy, it continuously supplies power to all electrical components inside the control box 14, so that the entire guardrail can operate independently without external mains power.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, the control box 14 houses a complete control module. This module forms stable electrical connections with the signal receiver, hydraulic drive controller, attitude sensor, remote alarm module, and power supply module. The power supply module includes a built-in battery and photovoltaic charging unit. The photovoltaic charging unit receives electrical energy from the photovoltaic panel 4 and stores it in the battery, providing continuous power during cloudy days and nighttime conditions without sunlight. The attitude sensor continuously collects the horizontal tilt angle data of the counterweight box 1 in real time. This tilt data is transmitted to the hydraulic drive controller in real time. The hydraulic drive controller independently controls the hydraulic motors 22 corresponding to the four feet 2 to start respectively. The system can stop, rotate forward and reverse, and adjust the extension length of the corresponding lifting screw 24 of the foot 2 individually for single-point height differences on the ground. It automatically compensates for height differences caused by ground potholes and slope gradients. The entire process is electrically controlled to complete the self-adaptive leveling of the base, eliminating the need for manual repeated adjustment of the foot height. The signal receiver can receive control commands issued by the on-site handheld controller and remote terminal, allowing staff to remotely control all functions such as leveling and raising / lowering of the fence 6. When the attitude sensor detects that the tilt angle of the counterweight box 1 exceeds the safety threshold, the remote alarm module automatically sends an alarm signal and pushes a fence tilt risk warning to the project management personnel terminal to promptly eliminate on-site safety hazards.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the hydraulic support rod 5 is assembled on the top of the counterweight box 1 via a bottom fixing plate 55. Multiple fixing holes 56 are formed on the surface of the fixing plate 55. Bolts pass through the fixing holes 56 to lock and fix the hydraulic support rod 5. A telescopic piston rod 51 is installed inside the hydraulic support rod 5. A sleeve joint 52 is welded to the top of the piston rod 51. A downwardly recessed sleeve groove 54 is formed in the middle of the sleeve joint 52. A first through hole 53 is formed transversely through the side wall of the sleeve joint 52. The enclosure 6 is assembled by the bottom insertion joint 621 being inserted into the sleeve groove 54. The enclosure 6 is formed by splicing two upper main arms 62, an upper crossbar 61, and a lower crossbar 63. The upper crossbar 61 is horizontally fixed between the tops of the two upper main arms 62. A horizontal crossbar 63 is fixed between the bottom ends of two upper main arms 62. An integrally formed connector 621 is formed at the bottom of each upper main arm 62. A second through hole 622, perfectly aligned with the first through hole 53, is opened on the side wall of the connector 621. After the connector 621 is fully inserted into the socket groove 54, a fastening bolt is used to horizontally pass through the first through hole 53 and the second through hole 622 to lock it in place, achieving quick connection and fixation between the enclosure 6 and the hydraulic support rod 5. Disassembly and assembly can be completed by simply removing the fastening bolt, allowing a single person to complete the disassembly and assembly work in a short time. A decorative piece 623 is fitted at the very top of each upper main arm 62, serving both aesthetic purposes and preventing sharp edges from injuring on-site construction personnel. The hydraulic support rod 5 uses the extension and retraction of its internal piston rod 51 to drive the overall lifting and lowering of the socket 52, simultaneously raising or lowering the enclosure 6. Workers can flexibly adjust the overall protection height of the enclosure 6 according to the depth of the pit and the required isolation and protection height, making one set of equipment suitable for various protection scenarios.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, symmetrical adapter plates 13 are welded on the left and right sides of the counterweight box 1. Adapter holes 131 are opened on the surface of the adapter plates 13. Each set of adapter plates 13 is rotatably assembled with a set of side support components 7. The side support components 7 are composed of three parts: a sleeve rod 71, a telescopic rod 72, and a rotatable suction cup 73. The top of the sleeve rod 71 is provided with a U-shaped first adapter 711. A pin hole 712 is opened in the middle of the first adapter 711. During assembly, the first adapter 711 is snapped onto the outside of the adapter plate 13 so that the pin hole 712 is precisely aligned with the adapter hole 131. The pin passes horizontally through the adapter hole 131 and the pin hole 712, rotatably connecting the sleeve rod 71 and the adapter plate 13. When not in use, the entire set of side support components 7 can be rotated upward to fit against the side wall of the counterweight box 1, greatly reducing the space occupied by stacking. When unfolded for use, it is rotated downward to the ground support position. The connecting rod 71 has a row of evenly spaced limiting holes 713 arranged from top to bottom. The telescopic rod 72 is inserted into the bottom opening of the connecting rod 71. One end of the telescopic rod 72 that extends into the connecting rod 71 is equipped with an elastic limiting connector 721. After the telescopic rod 72 is stretched to a suitable length, the elastic limiting connector 721 automatically engages with the corresponding limiting hole 713 to lock the length, adapting to different ground slopes and different support distances. A second adapter 722 with a U-shaped structure is fixed to the bottom of the telescopic rod 72. A rotatable suction cup 73 has an integrally formed ear plate 731 on its top, which is embedded in the second adapter 72. 2. Between the two side walls, a third through hole 732 is opened in the middle of the ear plate 731. The connecting pin 723 passes horizontally through the two side walls of the second adapter 722 and the third through hole 732, and rotates to connect the rotatable suction cup 73 to the bottom end of the telescopic rod 72. When supporting the operation, the rotatable suction cup 73 can adapt to the ground tilt angle and completely fit the ground to form a vacuum adsorption fixation. The entire set of side support components 7, the counterweight box 1, and the ground form a triangular stable force system, which greatly improves the overall resistance to lateral impact and overturning ability of the guardrail. In windy weather and material impact scenarios, there will be no problem of the base tipping over or sliding.

[0035] Working principle: The entire device is simple and easy to assemble on-site. During the transportation phase, first drain the water and sand from the counterweight box 1 through the drain pipe 16, loosen the top screw 34 to remove the photovoltaic panel 4, remove the fastening bolts between the enclosure 6 and the hydraulic support rod 5 to separate the enclosure 6, rotate the lateral support component 7 upwards to fit against the side wall of the counterweight box 1, and push it to the construction protection point using the anti-slip casters 21. After reaching the designated position, lock the limit locking mechanism of the anti-slip casters 21, add counterweight medium to the counterweight box 1 through the injection port 11 to increase the weight of the base, connect the photovoltaic panel 4 to the female connector 43 and the control box 14 to the male connector 141, start the internal control module of the control box 14, and transmit the attitude. The sensor automatically collects the horizontal data of the box, and the hydraulic drive controller drives four sets of hydraulic motors 22 to adjust the extension length of the lifting screw 24 to complete the adaptive leveling of the counterweight box 1. After leveling, the telescopic rod 72 of the lateral support component 7 is stretched to a suitable length, and the rotatable suction cup 73 is lowered to adhere to the ground for adsorption and fixation. The bottom plug 621 of the fence 6 is inserted into the socket groove 54 of the top sleeve 52 of the hydraulic support rod 5, and the bolt is inserted and locked. The piston rod 51 of the hydraulic support rod 5 is operated to raise and lower the fence 6 according to the protection height requirements. The entire assembly process can be completed independently by a single person. There is no need to dig pits or bury expansion bolts. The installation time of a single set of guardrails can be controlled within three minutes.

[0036] The entire structure uses modular metal components, eliminating brittle concrete counterweights and minimizing damage during transport and impacts. The counterweight box 1 is equipped with 16 drainage pipes for repeated filling and emptying of the counterweight medium. The photovoltaic power supply unit reduces on-site wiring costs. All components can be individually disassembled, replaced, and recycled. After project completion, they can be disassembled, stored, and transported, allowing for repeated use across multiple construction projects. This effectively reduces the overall construction costs associated with repeated purchases and replacements of guardrails. Furthermore, the independent hydraulic adaptive leveling structure, omnidirectional wheel transport structure, lateral triangular support structure, and photovoltaic self-powered remote alarm structure form a complete integrated solution. From the perspectives of ground adaptability, ease of installation, structural stability, and reusability, it comprehensively addresses the long-standing technical deficiencies in traditional foundation pit and municipal temporary guardrails, such as difficulty in base leveling, cumbersome disassembly and assembly procedures, weak anti-overturning performance, and low reuse rate. It possesses extremely high practical value and promising prospects for edge protection in various engineering projects, including civil engineering foundation pits, municipal pipeline trenches, and temporary isolation for road reconstruction and expansion.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-installation guardrail with adaptive leveling, characterized in that, include: The counterweight box (1) is provided in multiple ways, and the counterweight box (1) is provided with a hydraulic drive device (17) and a control box (14). The base (2) is provided in multiple ways. The base (2) is installed at the bottom of the counterweight box (1). The base (2) is provided with a hydraulic motor (22). The output end of the hydraulic motor (22) is provided with a lifting screw (24). The lifting screw (24) is electrically connected to the counterweight box (1). The multiple hydraulic motors (22) are connected to a hydraulic drive device (17). Support frame (3), which is detachably mounted on counterweight box (1); A photovoltaic panel (4) is mounted on a support frame (3) and is electrically connected to a control box (14). Hydraulic support rod (5), which is connected to the counterweight box (1); The enclosure (6) is mounted on hydraulic support rods (5) on two adjacent counterweight boxes (1). The enclosure (6) can be height adjusted by the hydraulic support rods (5).

2. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight box (1) has a filling port (11) at the top, and a cap (12) is threaded onto the filling port (11). The control box (14) has a connecting male (141). The counterweight box (1) has a base plate (15) at the bottom, and multiple threaded holes (151) are provided on the base plate (15). The threaded holes (151) are threaded onto the lifting screw (24). The counterweight box (1) has a drain pipe (16) at the bottom side, and a valve (161) is provided on the drain pipe (16). The hydraulic drive device (17) is electrically connected to the control box via a connecting line (171), and multiple connecting pipes (172) are provided on the hydraulic drive assembly. The connecting pipes (172) are connected to the hydraulic motor (22).

3. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control box (14) integrates a control module, which is electrically connected to a signal receiver, a hydraulic drive controller, a posture sensor, a remote alarm module, and a power supply module. The control module is used to control the operation of the entire guardrail. The posture sensor collects the horizontal tilt data of the counterweight box (1). The hydraulic drive controller controls the hydraulic motors (22) of the four feet (2) respectively to achieve independent electric leveling. The remote alarm module will remotely alarm when the tilt exceeds the standard. The power supply module includes a battery and a photovoltaic charging unit, which, together with the photovoltaic panel (4), provides power to the entire guardrail.

4. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the foot (2) is provided with anti-slip caster (21), and the anti-slip caster (21) is provided with a caster drive mechanism and a caster conversion mechanism to realize the driving and conversion of the anti-slip caster (21); and the anti-slip caster (21) is equipped with a limit locking mechanism to realize the locking of the caster; the side of the hydraulic motor (22) is provided with a pipe joint (23), and the pipe joint (23) is connected to the connecting pipe (172).

5. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support frame (3) is provided with multiple bolt holes (31), and the support frame (3) is fixed to the top of the counterweight box (1) by bolts passing through the bolt holes (31); the support frame (3) is provided with clamping rods (32) on both sides at an angle, and the two clamping rods (32) are provided with a groove (33) on the opposite side. The clamping rods (32) are provided with multiple set screws (34) aligned with the grooves (33), and the set screws (34) abut against the photovoltaic panel (4) to fix the position of the photovoltaic panel (4).

6. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel (4) has a frame (41) on its edge. The frame (41) is engaged in the slot (33) of the clip (32). The photovoltaic panel (4) has a wire (42) on its side. The end of the wire (42) has a female connector (43). The female connector (43) is electrically connected to the male connector (141).

7. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic support rod (5) is provided with a piston rod (51), the top end of the piston rod (51) is provided with a sleeve joint (52), the middle part of the sleeve joint (52) is provided with a sleeve groove (54), the side of the sleeve joint (52) is provided with a first through hole (53), the bottom end of the hydraulic support rod (5) is provided with a fixing plate (55), the fixing plate (55) is provided with multiple fixing holes (56), and the hydraulic support rod (5) is fixed to the top of the counterweight box (1) by bolts passing through the fixing holes (56).

8. The self-adjusting, quick-installation guardrail according to claim 7, characterized in that, The enclosure (6) includes two upper main arms (62), an upper crossbar (61) and a lower crossbar (63). The upper crossbar (61) is located at the top between the two upper main arms (62), and the lower crossbar (63) is located at the bottom between the two upper main arms (62). The bottom end of the upper main arm (62) is provided with a plug (621). The plug (621) is inserted into the socket groove (54). The plug (621) is provided with a second through hole (622) aligned with the first through hole (53). The plug (621) and the socket (52) are connected by bolts passing through the first through hole (53) and the second through hole (622). The top end of the upper main arm (62) is provided with a decorative piece (623).

9. A quick-installation guardrail with adaptive leveling according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a lateral support assembly (7). The counterweight box (1) is symmetrically provided with adapter plates (13) on both sides. The adapter plates (13) are provided with adapter holes (131). The lateral support assembly (7) includes a sleeve rod (71), a telescopic rod (72) and a rotatable suction cup (73). The top end of the sleeve rod (71) is rotatably connected to the adapter plate (13) through a pin. The telescopic rod (72) is inserted from the bottom end of the sleeve rod (71). The bottom end of the telescopic rod (72) is rotatably connected to the rotatable suction cup (73).

10. A quick-installation guardrail with adaptive leveling according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the sleeve rod (71) is provided with a first adapter (711), which is U-shaped and has a pin hole (712). The first adapter (711) is engaged with the adapter plate (13), and the pin hole (712) is aligned with the adapter hole (131). The first adapter (711) is rotatably connected to the adapter plate (13) by a pin passing through the adapter hole (131) and the pin hole (712). The side of the sleeve rod (71) is provided with a row of limiting holes (713) from top to bottom; the telescopic rod (72) One end of the insertion sleeve rod (71) is provided with an elastic limiting joint (721), and the bottom end of the telescopic rod (72) is provided with a second adapter (722). The second adapter (722) has a U-shaped structure. The top of the rotatable suction cup (73) is provided with an ear plate (731). The ear plate (731) is inserted into the inside of the second adapter (722). The middle part of the ear plate (731) is provided with a third through hole (732). The rotatable suction cup (73) is rotatably connected to the telescopic rod (72) through the second adapter (722) and the third through hole (732) via a connecting pin (723).

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