Double-leaf truss type lattice structure civil air defense door

Abstract

A double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door includes a door frame and door leaves. A truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer is provided inside the door leaves. This sandwich layer includes multiple truss-type dot matrix units arranged in a periodic layout. The door also includes a sealing structure, comprising a manual threshold. The manual threshold, in conjunction with the door frame, forms a "U"-shaped structure, creating an airtight seal between the door leaves, the door frame, and the manual threshold when closed. The truss-type dot matrix structure used in this invention utilizes structural members for support, significantly reducing steel consumption. Furthermore, the use of inorganic fire-resistant materials to fill the space further reduces costs. The manual threshold, in conjunction with the door frame, creates an airtight seal between the door leaves and the frame when closed, eliminating any gaps that might occur when the door is closed and greatly improving the airtightness of this invention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of civil defense engineering and underground construction engineering, specifically to a civil defense door that has both flood prevention function and adopts a truss-type dot matrix structure and is filled with fireproof material, and more specifically, to a double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure civil defense door. Background Technology

[0002] Civil defense doors are key protective devices in civil defense projects (underground shopping malls, subways, tunnels, etc.) used to isolate shock waves, toxic gases, and withstand certain nuclear blast loads. In applications such as subways and underground tunnels, civil defense doors often also need to provide flood protection to prevent backflow of external water. Traditional civil defense doors mostly use reinforced concrete or all-steel structures. Both of these structural forms have certain technical defects, as follows.

[0003] Although reinforced concrete air-raid shelter doors are relatively inexpensive, their heavy weight (ranging from several tons to over ten tons) makes installation difficult, places high demands on the load-bearing capacity of the door frame and walls, and makes opening and closing inconvenient, affecting passage efficiency in emergency situations.

[0004] While all-steel structure air-raid shelter doors offer high structural strength, they also require a large amount of steel, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, they suffer from rapid heat conduction and poor fire resistance, necessitating the addition of a thick fire-retardant coating, further increasing weight and cost. Additionally, traditional air-raid shelter doors achieve airtight closure only by one side of the door leaf contacting the door frame when closed. This structural design offers poor airtightness and is prone to air and water leaks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical issues In summary, how to significantly reduce the weight and cost of the air-raid shelter while ensuring that it has sufficient protective strength, fire resistance, and water pressure resistance (flood prevention) while also improving its airtightness has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door, including a door frame and a door leaf, the door leaf being hinged relative to the door frame via a hinge mechanism, a truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer being provided inside the door leaf, the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer including truss-type dot matrix units, the truss-type dot matrix units including multiple units arranged in a periodic layout to form the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer, the truss-type dot matrix unit including struts, the same truss-type dot matrix unit including multiple struts, and the multiple struts being arranged in a pyramidal, cuboid, or Kagome-type structure; it also includes a sealing structure, the sealing structure including a manual threshold, the manual threshold cooperating with the door frame to form a "U"-shaped structure, the door leaf forming an airtight fit structure with the door frame and the manual threshold after being closed.

[0007] Preferably, in the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, the sealing structure includes a sealing unit, which is set according to the closed position of the door leaf. After the door leaf is closed, the sealing unit abuts against the frame surface of the door leaf and forms an airtight fit structure.

[0008] Preferably, in the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, there are two door leaves, and the two door leaves are double-leaf structures; each door leaf includes a mating surface, and the mating surfaces on the two door leaves abut against each other to form a sealing structure between the door leaves; the mating surface is a stepped surface.

[0009] Preferably, in the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, the manual threshold is a double-unit structure design, including a threshold body and a threshold seal; the ground for setting the manual threshold is a single-step structure, and the height of the threshold body is adapted to the height of the single-step structure; after the door is closed, it is tightly clamped between the inner side of the door and the threshold body.

[0010] Preferably, in the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, the sealing unit is a metal profile, the sealing unit is a long strip structure, and the cross-section of the sealing unit is L-shaped; the sealing unit includes a unit sealing surface for abutting against the frame surface of the door leaf and a unit outer surface, the unit outer surface is vertically arranged, the unit sealing surface is horizontally arranged or inclined, and the unit sealing surface is used to abut against the frame surface of the door leaf for airtightness.

[0011] Preferably, in the split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, a water-stop sealing strip is provided on the rear side of the sealing unit in the closing direction of the door leaf; after the door leaf is closed, the water-stop sealing strip and the inner surface of the door leaf are airtight.

[0012] Preferably, in the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door provided by the present invention, the mating surface is a gradually rising or gradually descending step surface in the direction from the inner side of the door leaf to the outer side of the door leaf; there are two door leaves, one of which has a gradually rising step surface and the other has a gradually descending step surface; after the door leaves are closed, the airtightness of the mating surfaces of the two door leaves cancels each other out.

[0013] Preferably, in the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, the step surface parallel to the inner or outer side of the door leaf is a step plane, and a door leaf sealing strip is provided on the step plane; after the door leaf is closed, the step planes on the two door leaves are sealed by the door leaf sealing strip.

[0014] Preferably, in the split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, in the same truss-type dot matrix unit, all the strut structures are identical, and the angles between all the struts and the normals of the panel are identical.

[0015] Preferably, in the split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention, the support rod is a solid rod or a hollow tube; the support rod is a metal rod, and the two ends of the support rod are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer panel and the inner panel.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects As described above, this invention provides a double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door, including a door frame and a door leaf, the door leaf being hinged to the door frame via a hinge mechanism. In this invention, a truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer is provided inside the door leaf. The truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer includes truss-type dot matrix units, and multiple truss-type dot matrix units are arranged in a periodic layout to form the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer. Each truss-type dot matrix unit includes struts, and the same truss-type dot matrix unit includes multiple struts, which are arranged in a pyramidal, cuboid, or Kagome-type structure. Furthermore, this invention also includes a sealing structure, which includes a manual threshold. The manual threshold cooperates with the door frame to form a "U"-shaped structure, and when the door leaf is closed, it forms an airtight fit with the door frame and the manual threshold.

[0017] Through the above structural design, this invention, by introducing a truss-type lattice structure instead of traditional solid steel plates or concrete, achieves a 40%-60% weight reduction in the door leaf while maintaining the same strength, significantly reducing installation difficulty and dependence on civil engineering structures. Furthermore, compared to using solid thick steel plates, the truss-type lattice structure employed in this invention uses members for load-bearing, significantly reducing steel consumption. Simultaneously, the use of inorganic fire-retardant materials to fill the space replaces the expensive overall fire-retardant coating, reducing overall manufacturing costs by 20%-30%. Additionally, this invention employs a manual threshold, which, in conjunction with the frame door, forms an airtight seal with the door leaf when closed, eliminating any gaps that might appear when the door is closed and greatly improving the airtightness of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a top view of a split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door in the open state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle circle; Figure 3 This is a front view of a split truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door in the open state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of a split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door in the open state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle circle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle circle; Figure 7 This is a magnified schematic diagram of a partial structure of a split truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door in the open state, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the door leaf in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled door leaf in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the truss-type lattice sandwich layer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the truss-type lattice unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] exist Figures 1 to 11In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and reference numerals is as follows: 1. Door frame; 2. Door leaf; 3. Hinge mechanism; 4. Outer panel; 5. Inner panel; 6. Truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer; 7. Support rod; 8. Fireproof material; 9. Mating surface; 10. Threshold body; 11. Threshold seal; 12. Unit sealing surface; 13. Unit outer surface; 14. Water-stop sealing strip; 15. Door leaf sealing strip. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. In fact, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from its scope or spirit.

[0021] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components; a wired connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The accompanying drawings illustrate one or more examples of the invention. The detailed description uses numerals and letters to refer to features in the drawings. Similar or analogous reference numerals in the drawings and description have been used to refer to similar or analogous parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and “fourth,” etc., are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the location or importance of individual components.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11This invention provides a double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door, including a door frame 1 and a door leaf 2. The door frame 1 is fixedly installed at the entrance and exit of the building structure and can be fixed by pre-embedded anchor bolts. This invention mainly focuses on structural optimization of the door leaf 2, so the structure of the door frame 1 will not be described in detail. The air-raid shelter door provided by this invention can be a single-leaf structure or a double-leaf double-leaf structure. The door leaf 2 is hinged to the door frame 1 by a hinge mechanism 3. The hinge mechanism 3 can be fixedly installed on the building structure, that is, by pre-embedding anchor bolts on the building structure. First, the door frame 1 is installed, then the hinge mechanism 3 is installed, and finally the door leaf 2 is installed on the hinge mechanism 3. The hinge mechanism 3 can also be set on the door frame 1. The door frame 1 is reinforced at the location where the hinge mechanism 3 needs to be installed, for example, by increasing the local structural thickness of the door frame 1 or welding a structural reinforcement plate. Then, the hinge mechanism 3 is fixedly installed by flange connection or welding, and finally the door leaf 2 is installed on the hinge mechanism 3.

[0024] In this invention, the double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by this invention has the following main improvements: 1. Optimization of the door leaf 2 structure; 2. Optimization of the hinge mechanism 3; 3. Optimization of the threshold and sealing structure.

[0025] The structural optimization for door leaf 2 is as follows.

[0026] Door leaf 2 includes a panel, which includes an outer panel 4 and an inner panel 5. The outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The panel thickness and the spacing between the inner and outer panels 4 can be adjusted according to the strength requirements of door leaf 2. A truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 is provided between the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5. The truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 includes truss-type lattice units. Multiple truss-type lattice units are arranged in a periodic layout to form the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6. The truss-type lattice unit includes struts 7. The same truss-type lattice unit includes multiple struts 7, and the multiple struts 7 are arranged in a pyramid-shaped, cuboid-shaped, or Kagome-shaped structure.

[0027] A truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 is disposed between the inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4. It is composed of multiple truss-type lattice units with identical structures, and the truss-type lattice units are composed of struts 7. The struts 7 are inclined relative to the normal line of the panels (the panels, i.e., the inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4, adopt a metal flat plate structure design, the inner surface of the panels is a plane, and the normal line of the panels is a virtual straight line perpendicular to the panels), and the inclination angle of the struts 7 is between 45° and 60°.

[0028] In this invention, the structure of the support rod 7 can be adjusted according to the impact resistance requirements of the door leaf 2. For example, the structural type of the support rod 7 (hollow tube or solid), the cross-sectional shape of the support rod 7 (circular cross-section or regular polygonal cross-section), the diameter or wall thickness of the support rod 7, the material selection of the support rod 7 (stainless steel or other metal materials), and the tilt angle of the support rod 7 (the smaller the tilt angle, the smaller the impact resistance, but the stronger the shear resistance of the door leaf 2, that is, the ability to resist forces parallel to the panel direction; conversely, the larger the tilt angle, the greater the impact resistance, but the weaker the shear resistance of the door leaf 2).

[0029] For ease of manufacturing, the following restrictions apply: within the same truss lattice unit, all struts 7 have the same structure, and all struts 7 have the same angle relative to the normal of the panel.

[0030] Furthermore, the strut 7 is a solid rod (solid rods can give the strut 7 higher structural strength) or a hollow tube (which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the door leaf 2); the strut 7 is a metal rod (preferably steel, but aluminum profiles can also be used, or in the multiple struts 7 constituting the entire truss-type matrix sandwich layer 6, a mixed material strut 7 can be used, that is, some struts 7 are made of steel and some struts 7 are made of other metal materials), and the two ends of the strut 7 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5, respectively. The above-mentioned fixed connection is preferably a welded fixed connection. Of course, the present invention can also design the truss-type matrix sandwich layer 6 as an integral component, which is fixedly set between the inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4 by bolt connection. Specifically, in this invention, each strut 7 constituting a truss-type lattice unit can be provided with a square collar structure at both ends. The two ends of the strut 7 are fixedly connected to the collar structure, thus forming a complete and structurally fixed truss-type lattice unit. Then, the truss-type lattice units are arranged in a matrix layout according to specifications, and adjacent truss-type lattice units are fixedly connected (welded). In this way, the entire truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 can form a structurally fixed whole. A U-shaped edge is provided on the outer side of the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6. The U-shaped edge is clamped on the side of the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6, thereby realizing the structural reinforcement of the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6. A connecting piece is provided on the U-shaped edge, and the connecting piece is bolted to the inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4. In other embodiments of the present invention, the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 can be formed by stamping metal sheet. First, a metal sheet with a certain thickness (between 6mm and 12mm) is selected as the substrate. Then, diamond-shaped holes are stamped on the substrate. The two ends of the diamond-shaped holes are pushed up, and the middle of the diamond-shaped holes is pressed down, thereby forming a wave-shaped or corrugated structure, i.e., the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6. Finally, a U-shaped edge is provided on the side of the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6. In the above embodiments, the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 is an integral structure, which is sandwiched between the inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4. The truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 can be provided as one layer, or multiple layers can be provided. A thin sandwich structure is provided between two adjacent layers of truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6, thereby forming a multi-layer truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6.

[0031] In embodiments where the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 employs truss-type lattice units and the truss-type lattice units utilize strut 7 structures, the present invention provides the following layout for the truss-type lattice units: 1. Truss-type lattice units are arranged at equal intervals along a horizontal straight line to form unit rows, with multiple unit rows, and all unit rows are arranged at equal intervals vertically; 2. Truss-type lattice units are arranged at equal intervals vertically to form unit columns, with multiple unit columns, and all unit columns are arranged at equal intervals horizontally; 3. Truss-type lattice units are arranged in regular hexagonal patterns to form unit clusters, with multiple unit clusters, and all unit clusters are evenly distributed between the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5. Through these three layout methods, the present invention can design the distribution density of the truss-type lattice units. For example, if the impact load is large in the middle of the door leaf 2, the arrangement density of the truss-type lattice units will increase, while the arrangement density near the edge of the door leaf 2 will decrease. This ensures the impact resistance of the door leaf 2 while further reducing the overall weight of the door leaf 2.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention can also incorporate metal elastic structures, such as metal springs, in the gaps between the truss-type lattice units (for example, the density of the truss-type lattice units decreases near the edge of the door leaf 2, resulting in larger gaps between adjacent truss-type lattice units). When the door leaf panel deforms, the wave-facing panel (generally the outer panel 4) will deform towards the other side of the panel under pressure. At this time, while the truss-type lattice units absorb impact energy through deformation, the metal springs also absorb energy through deformation. Simultaneously, the metal springs can be compressed and positioned between the inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4 to further improve the impact resistance of the panels. Additionally, the number of metal springs and their pre-compression force can be adjusted to regulate the impact resistance of the entire truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6.

[0033] Furthermore, a fireproof material 8 is provided between the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5, and the fireproof material 8 completely fills the gaps in the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6.

[0034] The structural optimization of hinge mechanism 3 is as follows.

[0035] The hinge mechanism 3 includes a hinge base, an extended hinge arm, and a door leaf base. The hinge base adopts a plate structure and is fixed to the outer side of the door frame 1 by bolts, welding, or other means after abutting against the outer side of the door leaf 2. The door leaf base adopts a plate structure and is fixed to the outer side of the door leaf 2 by bolts, welding, or other means after abutting against the outer side of the door leaf 2. The extended hinge arm is relatively long, and its length is designed according to the structure of the door leaf 2 and the door frame 1 after it is closed. The design principle for the length of the extended hinge arm is as follows: After the door frame 1 is fixedly installed on the building structure and the door leaf 2 is closed, in this state, both ends of the extended hinge arm can be assembled with the hinge base and the door leaf base (one end of the extended hinge arm is rotatably connected to the hinge base through a hinge shaft, and the other end of the extended hinge arm is fixedly connected to the door leaf base by welding or integrally forming it on the door leaf base).

[0036] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a reinforcing rib is provided on the extended hinge arm to increase the structural strength of the extended hinge arm.

[0037] In this invention, the door leaf 2 is a double-leaf structure with a relatively small width. Furthermore, the overall weight of the door leaf 2 is reduced through the aforementioned structural design. Therefore, this invention enables stable and reliable installation of the door leaf 2 on the door frame 1 via the hinge mechanism 3. In one embodiment of this invention, a single door leaf 2 is provided with three hinge mechanisms 3, which are equally spaced along the height direction.

[0038] The structural optimization for the sealing structure is as follows: In this invention, the sealing structure includes a sealing unit, which is a metal profile with a long strip structure and an L-shaped cross-section. Specifically, the sealing unit includes a unit sealing surface 12 for abutting against the edge surface of the door leaf 2 (the three remaining door leaf edges excluding the opening and closing surface) and a unit outer surface 13 facing outward (facing the same direction as the outer surface of the door leaf 2 after the door leaf 2 is closed). In the actual installation state, the unit outer surface 13 is vertically arranged (parallel to the outer surface of the door leaf 2 after the door leaf 2 is closed, preferably arranged on the same side as the outer surface of the door leaf 2). The unit sealing surface 12 can be horizontally arranged or inclined. In the embodiment where the unit sealing surface 12 is inclined, the angle between the unit sealing surface 12 and the outer side surface 13 of the unit is an obtuse angle. In this embodiment, the door leaf 2 gradually flattens the unit sealing surface 12 during the closing process (during the closing process of the door leaf 2, the unit sealing surface 12 slides and rubs against the frame surface of the door leaf 2 and is subjected to the force of the frame surface of the door leaf 2, and the angle between the unit sealing surface 12 and the outer side surface 13 of the unit gradually tends to 90°). The unit sealing surface 12 is equivalent to having an elastic pressing force on the frame surface of the door leaf 2 (the metal material itself has a certain elasticity. For example, the present invention can use alloy steel or copper alloy as the manufacturing material of the sealing unit, so that the unit sealing surface 12 has a certain elasticity).

[0039] There are four sealing units, which are respectively set on the two door frames 1, the top beam of the door frame and the threshold. Among the four sealing units, the outer side 13 of the unit is located in the same vertical plane, and the sealing surface 12 of the unit can form a "mouth" shaped structure that matches the outer contour of the door leaf 2. After the door leaf 2 is closed, it can be "accommodated" in the "mouth" formed by the sealing surface 12 of the unit. The sealing surface 12 of the unit is airtight against the frame surface of the door leaf 2, thus forming the first sealing structure.

[0040] The sealing unit is installed on the door frame 1 (both sides of the door frame 1 and on the top beam of the door frame 1) and on the ground. In the closing direction of the door leaf 2, a second sealing structure is also provided behind the sealing unit. Specifically, an installation groove is provided on the door frame 1 behind the sealing unit, and a water-stop sealing strip 14 is installed in the installation groove. After the door leaf 2 is closed, the water-stop sealing strip 14 abuts against the inner surface of the door leaf 2, thereby forming the second sealing structure. Simultaneously, the invention also provides a manual threshold, which adopts a dual-unit structure design, including a threshold body 10 and a threshold seal 11. In this invention, the ground surface is also structurally optimized. A first-level step structure (i.e., an L-shaped step) is set on the ground surface. The height of the threshold body 10 is adapted to the height of the first-level step structure. The threshold body 10 is essentially fixed at the first-level step structure. The threshold seal 11 is made of flexible rubber material. After the door 2 is closed, it is tightly clamped between the inner side of the door 2 and the threshold body 10. The threshold seal 11 and the water-stop sealing strip 14 form a complete "U"-shaped sealing structure. After the door 2 is closed, it can tightly abut against the inner side of the door 2, thereby forming a second sealing structure.

[0041] In this invention, the threshold body 10 is a rectangular steel tube structure, which has high structural strength and light overall weight, making it easy to transport and move.

[0042] This invention incorporates a water-stop unit, with a water-stop sealing groove provided on the door frame 1. A water-stop sealing strip 14 is snapped into the water-stop sealing groove for easy replacement. In this invention, the water-stop sealing strip 14 and the threshold seal 11 are made of EPDM rubber strips or modified water-swellable EPDM rubber strips.

[0043] This invention employs a double-door structure 2. When both doors 2 are closed, the sealing structure between them is designed as follows: After closing, the mating surfaces 9 on the two doors 2 abut against each other to form a sealing structure. The mating surface 9 is a stepped surface, meaning that in the direction from the inner side of the door 2 to the outer side, the mating surface 9 is either a gradually rising or gradually falling step. Since there are two doors 2, if one door 2 has a gradually rising step surface 9, then the other door 2 has a gradually falling step surface 9. This ensures that when both doors 2 are closed, the mating surfaces 9 of the two doors 2 can fit together tightly. In an embodiment where the mating surface 9 is a stepped surface, the section where the stepped surface is parallel to the inner or outer surface of the door leaf 2 is called the stepped plane, and the other sections of the stepped surface are called transition sections. The present invention provides a door leaf sealing strip 15 on the stepped plane. There are two door leaves 2. The present invention can provide the door leaf sealing strip 15 on the stepped plane of one door leaf 2, or on the stepped planes of both door leaves 2. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is to provide the door leaf sealing strip 15 on one door leaf 2. After the door leaves 2 are closed, the sealing structure between the two door leaves 2 is as follows: the transition sections on the two door leaves 2 abut against each other, and the door leaf sealing strip 15 is provided between the stepped planes of the two door leaves 2, thus achieving a seal between the stepped planes of the two door leaves 2.

[0044] This invention provides a double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door (hereinafter referred to as the air-raid shelter door) comprising a door frame 1 and a door leaf 2. The door leaf 2 includes an outer panel 4, an inner panel 5, and a truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 located between the two (outer panel 4 and inner panel 5). The truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 is composed of multiple periodically arranged truss-type dot matrix units, each including multiple inclined struts 7. The two ends of the struts 7 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5, respectively, forming a three-dimensional grid load-bearing structure. The gaps in the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 are completely filled with inorganic fireproof material (fireproof material 8). Water-stop sealing strips 14 are provided around the perimeter of the door leaf 2, and the water-stop sealing strips 14 are pressed tightly against the water-stop sealing grooves on the door frame 1 to achieve flood-proof sealing.

[0045] In the present invention, the truss lattice unit is of a pyramidal type (four struts 7 form one truss lattice unit, the four struts 7 incline towards the central axis at the same inclination angle to form four sides of a "pyramid", so that the entire truss lattice unit forms a pyramidal structure), a tetrahedral type (the tetrahedral type includes a variety of structural forms, such as a cube, a cuboid, and an isosceles trapezoid structure, wherein the isosceles trapezoid structure is equivalent to stretching or widening the aforementioned pyramidal structure) or a Kagome (kagome lattice) type structure. The structural design of the truss lattice core layer 6 can endow the door leaf 2 with good isotropic load-bearing capacity and impact resistance. When the pyramidal structure is adopted, the included angle between the struts 7 of the truss lattice core layer 6 and the normal line of the face plate is set to 45° to 60°.

[0046] Regarding the material limitations for manufacturing the door leaf 2 in the present invention: 1. The outer face plate 4 and the inner face plate 5 are made of high-strength steel plates or fiber-reinforced composite material plates; 2. The struts 7 are hollow metal tubes or solid metal rods, and both ends thereof are fixed to the face plates by welding, threaded connection or adhesive. By changing the diameter, wall thickness (the wall thickness of the struts 7 needs to be considered when the struts 7 are hollow tubes) and inclination angle of the struts 7, the overall stiffness and strength of the door leaf 2 can be adjusted to adapt to different explosion resistance ratings (such as loads of 0.05 MPa to 1.5 MPa); 3. The fireproof material 8 is aluminum foam, ceramic matrix composite or aerogel felt. The voids in the truss lattice core layer 6 are filled with an inorganic fireproof material (fireproof material 8). When the fireproof material 8 is aluminum foam, the aluminum foam can provide a certain energy absorption effect while filling the voids; when the fireproof material 8 is aerogel felt, the aerogel felt has excellent heat insulation performance, which prevents the temperature rise of the fire-unexposed surface of the door body from being too fast in a fire; 4. The water stop sealing strip 14 disposed on the door frame 1 is a water-swellable rubber sealing strip or an air-tight rubber strip, which can enhance the flood prevention performance.

[0047] In the present invention, connecting members for mounting the locking mechanism and the hinges are further pre-embedded in the door leaf 2, and the connecting members pass through the truss lattice core layer 6 and are fixed to the face plates, so as to ensure uniform force transmission.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the double-leaf truss lattice structure civil air defense door comprises a door frame 1 and door leaves 2 hinged to the door frame 1 through hinges.

[0049] The door panel 2 includes an outer panel 4, an inner panel 5, and a truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 sandwiched between them. In this embodiment, both the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5 are made of 4mm thick Q355B high-strength steel plates. The truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 adopts a pyramid-shaped structure, composed of multiple truss lattice units with the same structure. Each truss lattice unit includes four inclined struts 7, which are 10mm diameter, 1.5mm thick No. 20 seamless steel pipes. The two ends of the struts 7 are welded to the inner walls of the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5, respectively, so that the panel and the core layer form an integral load-bearing structure. The inclination angle of the struts 7 (angle with the normal of the panel) is 45°, and the shear stiffness of the structure can be changed by adjusting this angle.

[0050] All the voids in the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 are completely filled with aluminum foam. Aluminum foam is lightweight, energy-absorbing, fireproof, and has a certain strength. After filling, it not only provides fire protection but also inhibits the local buckling of the struts 7.

[0051] An installation groove is provided on the door frame 1 after the sealing unit, and a water-swellable rubber sealing strip (i.e., water-stop sealing strip 14) is embedded in the groove. When the door leaf 2 is closed, the water-stop sealing strip 14 abuts against the door leaf 2. When it comes into contact with water, the water-stop sealing strip 14 expands, further squeezing the water-stop sealing groove, and further improving the waterproof sealing performance.

[0052] The door leaf 2 is also equipped with a locking mechanism. Its connecting rod passes through the pre-embedded sleeve (not shown in the figure) inside the door leaf 2. The pre-embedded sleeve passes through the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 and is welded to the inner and outer panels 4 to ensure that the force of the locking operation will not damage the sandwich structure.

[0053] In another embodiment of the invention, the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6 adopts a tetrahedral lattice structure, and the struts 7 are made of carbon fiber composite round tubes to further reduce weight and improve corrosion resistance. The inner panel 5 and the outer panel 4 are also made of carbon fiber composite plates. The filling material is nano-aerogel felt. This material has an extremely low thermal conductivity, which can greatly improve the fire resistance limit of the air-raid shelter door and meet more stringent fire protection requirements. The water-stop sealing strip 14 is made of EPDM rubber strip, which works in conjunction with the stainless steel water-stop sealing groove on the door frame 1.

[0054] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When subjected to an explosive shock wave, the outer panel 4 first bears the pressure and transfers the load to the struts 7 of the truss-type lattice sandwich layer 6. As the main load-bearing component, the struts 7 convert the out-of-plane load into their own axial tensile and compressive stress. Due to the extremely high specific stiffness and specific strength of the truss-type lattice structure, stress can be effectively dispersed, avoiding local buckling. In the event of a fire, external heat is first blocked by the panel. Even if some heat is transferred to the interior, it will be absorbed and blocked by the fireproof material 8, delaying the transfer of heat to the unexposed surface and the internal structure. In the event of flooding, water pressure acts on the door leaf 2, causing the door leaf 2 to undergo slight elastic deformation, squeezing the surrounding water-stop sealing strips 14 to fit tightly against the water-stop sealing grooves on the door frame 1, thereby preventing water flow.

[0055] As described above, the present invention provides a double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door, including a door frame 1 and a door leaf 2. The door leaf 2 is hinged to the door frame 1 via a hinge mechanism 3. The door leaf 2 includes a panel, which includes an outer panel 4 and an inner panel 5. A truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 is disposed between the outer panel 4 and the inner panel 5. The truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 includes truss-type dot matrix units. Multiple truss-type dot matrix units are arranged in a periodic layout to form the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6. Each truss-type dot matrix unit includes struts 7. Each truss-type dot matrix unit includes multiple struts 7, and the struts 7 are arranged in a pyramidal, cuboid, or Kagome-type structure.

[0056] The industrial applicability of this invention lies in the fact that the split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by this invention can be widely used in subway air defense projects, underground integrated pipe corridors, important underground garages and other places, and is especially suitable for entrances and exits with strict requirements for flood control, drainage and fire prevention.

[0057] Through the above structural design, the split truss-type dot matrix structure air defense door provided by the present invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. Significant weight reduction: By introducing a truss-type lattice structure to replace the traditional solid steel plate or concrete, and utilizing its "hollow solid" characteristics, the strength is greatly improved at the same surface density, or the weight can be reduced by 40%-60% at the same strength, which significantly reduces the difficulty of installation and dependence on civil engineering structures.

[0058] 2. Extremely low construction cost: Compared to using solid thick steel plates, the truss-type lattice structure uses members for support, significantly reducing the amount of steel used. At the same time, it uses inexpensive fire-resistant materials to fill the space, replacing the expensive overall fire-resistant coating, which can reduce the overall manufacturing cost by 20%-30%.

[0059] 3. Excellent fire resistance performance: The fireproof material 8 not only plays a role in fire prevention and heat insulation, but also forms a composite sandwich structure with the truss structure, which improves the overall stability of the door panel (prevents the thin-walled steel plate from becoming unstable) and realizes the integration of structure and function.

[0060] 4. Ensures both flood prevention and sealing: The overall structure has good rigidity and strong resistance to water pressure deformation. Combined with the surrounding water-stop sealing structure, it can effectively resist the hydrostatic pressure of groundwater, truly achieving "one door for two purposes".

[0061] The double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door provided by this invention can achieve a 50% reduction in the overall weight of the door leaf 2, resulting in lightweight door leaf 2 and significant cost and weight reduction. This invention utilizes a truss-type dot matrix structure to significantly reduce the door's self-weight while ensuring its explosion-proof and impact-resistant performance, thus reducing steel usage and cost. Furthermore, this invention achieves excellent fire resistance by filling the interior with fire-resistant material 8, while also considering flood prevention, realizing "one door, multiple uses," and possessing significant advantages in lightweighting, low cost, and high safety. In this invention, the truss-type dot matrix sandwich layer 6 is a microstructured metal material layer composed of a single type of truss-type dot matrix unit, specifically arranged in a two-dimensional periodic continuous pattern on the inner side of the door leaf panel, forming a grid structure. Each truss-type dot matrix unit contains multiple rods (struts 7) at different angles. Preferably, the struts 7 are inclined relative to the normal of the panel, with an inclination angle of 45~60°. Taking a certain type of Level 6 air-raid shelter door as an example, the door leaf 2 is 150mm thick, the outer panel 4 is a 6mm thick Q355B steel plate, and the inner panel 5 is a 4mm thick Q355B steel plate. The truss-type matrix sandwich layer 6 adopts a pyramid-shaped unit cell structure (pyramid-shaped truss-type matrix unit). The planar dimensions of the truss-type matrix unit are 80mm × 80mm (maximum planar dimension of the bottom surface). The strut 7 is a Q355B hollow steel pipe with an outer diameter of 12mm and a wall thickness of 1.5mm, and the angle between it and the normal direction of the panel is 45°. Verification shows that this scheme meets the protection requirements under the action of a Level 6 nuclear shock wave, and the mass of the door leaf 2 is approximately 40% of that of a traditional steel door. It should be noted that the above parameters can be optimized and adjusted according to the door opening size, load level, and material properties, and the scope of protection of this invention is not limited to these specific values.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door, comprising a door frame and door leaves, wherein the door leaves are hinged to the door frame via hinge mechanisms, characterized in that, A truss-type lattice sandwich layer is arranged inside the door leaf, the truss-type lattice sandwich layer comprises truss-type lattice units, a plurality of the truss-type lattice units are arranged in a periodic arrangement to form the truss-type lattice sandwich layer, each truss-type lattice unit comprises struts, and the same truss-type lattice unit comprises a plurality of the struts which are arranged in a pyramid, cubic or Kagome structure; The civil air defense door further comprises a sealing structure, the sealing structure comprises a manual threshold, the manual threshold cooperates with the door frame to form a "mouth"-shaped structure, and after the door leaf is closed, the door leaf forms an airtight fit structure with the door frame and the manual threshold.

2. The split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door according to Claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing structure comprises sealing units, the sealing units are arranged according to the closed position of the door leaf, and after the door leaf is closed, the sealing units abut against the frame face of the door leaf to form an airtight fit structure.

3. The split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door according to Claim 1, characterized in that, There are two door leaves, and the two door leaves are of a split structure; The door leaves comprise mating faces, and the mating faces on the two door leaves abut against each other to form an inter-leaf sealing structure; The mating faces are step faces.

4. The split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door according to Claim 1, characterized in that, The manual threshold is of a dual-unit structure design, comprising a threshold main body and a threshold seal; The ground for arranging the manual threshold is of a first-step structure, and the height of the threshold main body is adapted to the height of the first-step structure; After the door leaf is closed, the threshold seal is tightly clamped between the inner side face of the door leaf and the threshold main body.

5. The split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door according to Claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing unit is a metal profile, the sealing unit is of an elongated structure, and the cross section of the sealing unit is L-shaped; The sealing unit comprises a unit sealing face for abutting against the frame face of the door leaf and a unit outer side face, the unit outer side face is arranged vertically, the unit sealing face is arranged horizontally or obliquely, and the unit sealing face is used for airtightly abutting against the frame face of the door leaf.

6. The split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door according to Claim 2, characterized in that, In the closing direction of the door leaf, a water stop sealing strip is arranged at the rear side of the sealing unit; After the door leaf is closed, the water stop sealing strip airtightly abuts against the inner side face of the door leaf.

7. The split-type truss lattice structure civil air defense door according to Claim 3, characterized in that, In the direction from the inner side face of the door leaf pointing to the outer side face of the door leaf, the mating face is a gradually rising step face or a gradually descending step face; There are two door leaves, and if the mating face of one of the door leaves is a gradually rising step face, the mating face of the other door leaf is a gradually descending step face; After the door is closed, the airtightness of the mating surfaces of the two door panels cancels each other out.

8. The split-type truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step surface that is parallel to the inner or outer side of the door leaf is called the step plane, and a door leaf sealing strip is provided on the step plane; After the door is closed, the step planes on the two door panels are sealed by the door panel sealing strip.

9. The double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The door leaf includes a panel, which includes an outer panel and an inner panel; In the same truss lattice unit, all the struts have the same structure, and all the struts have the same angle relative to the normal of the panel.

10. The double-leaf truss-type dot matrix structure air-raid shelter door according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The door leaf includes a panel, which includes an outer panel and an inner panel; The support rod can be a solid rod or a hollow tube. The support rod is a metal rod, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer panel and the inner panel, respectively.

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