Well control manifold defect on-line monitoring system and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of well-controlled manifold leakage monitoring technology, and particularly to an online monitoring system and method for well-controlled manifold defects. The system includes a flexible monitoring unit, a channel switching unit, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and transmission unit, and a remote control unit. The flexible monitoring unit monitors the magnetic field strength signal of the target well-controlled manifold; the channel switching unit controls the switching on and off of the flexible monitoring unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the magnetic field strength signal monitored by the flexible monitoring unit; the data processing and transmission unit receives and converts the magnetic field strength signal into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the remote control unit; the remote control unit receives and stores the digital signal. This invention enables online monitoring of the well-controlled manifold's operating status and an array-type sensor monitoring network for the manifold's operating status, with higher monitoring accuracy than other magnetic memory monitoring devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of well control manifold leakage monitoring technology, and in particular to an online monitoring system and method for well control manifold defects. Background Technology

[0002] During drilling and production, well control manifolds are subject to complex load conditions and erosion and corrosion from the internal high-pressure medium, which can easily lead to defects such as localized wall thinning, erosion corrosion, and cracks. Once the manifold is damaged and high-pressure fluid leaks, it will seriously affect the safe production of oil testing operations.

[0003] Ferromagnetic materials exhibit anomalous magnetic domain distribution in stress concentration areas and defects. Under weak magnetic field excitation, high-sensitivity sensors can effectively extract magnetic anomaly signals. Magnetic memory sensors offer advantages in manifold defect monitoring due to their non-destructive nature, lack of special requirements for pipe surfaces, and suitability for field use. However, currently used magnetic memory monitoring devices are mostly composed of single probes and employ rigid structures with point or line contact with the pipe wall. This results in a small monitoring area, significant loss of magnetic field energy, and an inability to adapt to the complex structural characteristics of well-controlled manifolds in the field. Furthermore, they are difficult to deploy on complex curved surfaces, making monitoring impossible. Simultaneously, existing online manifold monitoring devices often have high requirements for the surface morphology of the monitored manifolds, requiring surface grinding. Their large size and weight can affect the mechanical properties of the manifolds, potentially impacting their reliability and hindering the implementation of array-networked range monitoring.

[0004] Current research on magnetic memory monitoring remains focused on improving rigid structural devices, which cannot meet the requirements for precise measurement of curved test surfaces. The challenges in integrating flexible circuit boards with sensors lie in the design of the circuit board circuitry and the layout of the sensor. The flexibility of the circuit board may lead to breakage or performance degradation of the conductive layer; bending, stretching, or twisting of the flexible circuit board can cause breakage of the conductive layer and poor contact with the sensor.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new manifold control method that can overcome the shortcomings of online manifold monitoring devices, such as their inability to adapt to complex manifold structures, low monitoring accuracy, and narrow monitoring range. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention provides an online monitoring system and method for well control manifold defects. The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides an online monitoring system for defects in well control manifolds. The system includes a flexible monitoring unit, a channel switching unit, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and transmission unit, and a remote control unit.

[0008] The flexible monitoring unit is installed on the outer wall of the target well control manifold and is used to monitor the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold.

[0009] The channel switching unit is used to control the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit;

[0010] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the magnetic field strength signal monitored by the flexible monitoring unit;

[0011] The data processing and transmission unit is used to receive the magnetic field strength signal collected by the data acquisition unit, convert it into a digital signal, and transmit the digital signal to the remote control unit.

[0012] The remote control unit is used to send instructions to the channel switching unit to control the timing of the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit; it is also used to control the acquisition time and acquisition interval of the data acquisition unit; it is also used to receive and store the digital signals, and convert the digital signals into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible monitoring unit includes multiple flexible integrated circuit boards and multiple array sensors, wherein,

[0014] Multiple flexible integrated circuit boards are installed on the outer wall of the target well control manifold.

[0015] One or more array sensors are set on each flexible integrated circuit board.

[0016] Furthermore, the array sensor is used to monitor the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold;

[0017] Each array sensor includes multiple giant magnetoresistive sensors.

[0018] Furthermore, the flexible integrated circuit board includes a communication module, which is used to receive the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold monitored by the array sensor and transmit the magnetic field strength signal to the data acquisition unit.

[0019] Furthermore, the remote control unit includes a main control unit, a cloud server, and a host computer, wherein,

[0020] The main control unit is used to send timing instructions to the channel switching unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off; it is also used to control the acquisition time and acquisition interval of the data acquisition unit.

[0021] The cloud server is used to receive and store the digital signals;

[0022] The host computer is used to receive digital signals transmitted by the data processing and transmission unit, and convert the digital signals into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map.

[0023] Furthermore, the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit includes the switching on or off of each row of sensors in the array sensor.

[0024] Furthermore, the system also includes a remote switch, which is used to remotely turn the well control manifold online monitoring system on or off, as well as to remotely restart and update it.

[0025] A method for online monitoring of defects in well control manifolds is also provided, the method comprising:

[0026] The main control unit sends a timing command to the channel switching unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off, and the parallel data acquisition unit sends a collection command.

[0027] The channel switching unit controls the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off according to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off.

[0028] When the flexible monitoring unit is switched on, it monitors the magnetic field signal of the target well control manifold at the current moment. The data acquisition unit collects the magnetic field signal according to the collection command and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit.

[0029] The data processing and transmission unit receives the magnetic field strength signal acquired by the data acquisition unit, converts it into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the remote control unit.

[0030] The remote control unit receives and stores the digital signal, and / or the remote control unit receives the digital signal and converts the digital signal into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud diagram.

[0031] Furthermore, the channel switching unit controls the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off according to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit, including:

[0032] According to the instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off in a predetermined manner, the channel switching unit controls each row of sensors in each array sensor in the channel switching unit to turn on or off in a predetermined manner.

[0033] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit acquires the magnetic field signal according to the collection instruction and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit, including:

[0034] The data acquisition unit adjusts the acquisition time and acquisition interval of each row of sensors in each array sensor in the channel switching unit according to the acquisition command, performs polling-style row-by-row acquisition of the corresponding magnetic field signal, and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit.

[0035] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0036] The well control manifold online monitoring system can be remotely turned on or off, and can also be remotely restarted and updated.

[0037] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0038] The online monitoring system and method for well control manifold defects based on flexible array magnetic memory sensors achieves complete sensor attachment to the manifold surface due to the flexible structure and packaging of each sensor in the flexible monitoring unit. This realizes an array monitoring network of magnetic memory sensors, significantly improving the monitoring range and accuracy compared to single-sensor monitoring probes. Simultaneously, the main control unit's control of the channel switching unit greatly reduces the power consumption of the online monitoring system for well control manifold defects. The polling method for data acquisition significantly reduces the amount of data transmitted per transmission, increasing data transmission speed and accelerating the response speed between the monitoring system and the host computer and cloud server, thereby improving the accuracy and range of manifold monitoring.

[0039] This invention utilizes a flexible array magnetic memory sensor to achieve online monitoring of manifold defects. The flexible structure can adhere well to the curved surface of the manifold outer wall, avoiding lift-off distance. The array magnetic memory sensor expands the monitoring range and improves monitoring accuracy. During the service of well control manifolds, stress concentration, corrosion erosion, and other conditions can cause fluctuations in the magnetic field. By monitoring changes in the manifold's magnetic field, the operating status of the manifold can be determined, and the defect morphology can be deduced using relevant algorithms.

[0040] It can realize online monitoring of the well control manifold operation status and the array sensor monitoring network of the manifold operation status, and its monitoring accuracy is higher than that of other magnetic memory monitoring devices.

[0041] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of the location of the flexible monitoring unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 2This is an overall schematic diagram of the flexible monitoring unit's installation location provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible monitoring unit structure of the online monitoring system for well control manifold defects provided in this application embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall monitoring process of the online monitoring system for well control manifold defects provided in this application embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the signal output under normal operating conditions of the manifold, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the signal output when a manifold operation defect occurs, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the monitoring results of the online monitoring system for well control manifold defects provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses an online monitoring system for well control manifold defects. The system includes a remote switch, a flexible monitoring unit, a channel switching unit, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and transmission unit, and a remote control unit. The remote switch is used to remotely turn the online monitoring system for well control manifold on or off, and also facilitates remote restart and updates when the equipment malfunctions or requires maintenance. The flexible monitoring unit is installed on the outer wall of the target well control manifold and is used to monitor the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold. The channel switching unit is used to switch the flexible monitoring unit on or off. The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold monitored by the flexible monitoring unit. The data processing and transmission unit is used to receive and convert the magnetic field strength signal into a digital signal and transmit the digital signal to the remote control unit. The remote control unit is used to send instructions to the channel switching unit to control the timing of switching the flexible monitoring unit on or off; it is also used to control the acquisition time and acquisition interval of the data acquisition unit; it is also used to receive and store the digital signal, and / or the remote control unit receives the digital signal and converts the digital signal into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map. It should be noted that "acquisition time and acquisition interval" refers to the time for the acquisition unit to acquire data sequentially in rows and the time interval between acquisitions by each row of sensors; "the timing of the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit" refers to how many channels are simultaneously activated for acquisition, which may be 48 channels. The device is preset to 16 channels per row, so it acquires data once every 16 channels. The time for a single acquisition is the "acquisition time" mentioned above. A total of three acquisitions are conducted, and the interval between these three acquisitions is the acquisition interval mentioned above.

[0051] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the flexible monitoring unit adopts a flexible packaging to adapt to a flexible circuit board, so as to make it lightweight and portable and adaptable to well control manifolds of different diameters.

[0052] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, based on the object to be detected, its curvature is calculated using a tooling fixture. A ferrule is fabricated to attach the probe to the pipe wall. Because the sensor uses a flexible structure, the tooling can be made to match the radius of curvature of the object being measured, allowing the flexible structure to adhere well to the curved surface of the manifold's outer wall. A flexible serrated encapsulation is used. The flexible monitoring unit tightly attaches each flexible array magnetic memory sensor to the outer wall of the manifold to be monitored, and sequentially monitors the magnetic field strength of the manifold when the channel switching unit controls the switching of the sensors. The flexible monitoring unit includes multiple flexible integrated circuit boards and multiple array sensors, wherein...

[0053] The flexible monitoring unit is installed on the outer wall of the target well control manifold, specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, multiple flexible integrated circuit boards can be installed in the downstream straight pipe section of the throttling valve in the throttling manifold. Preferably, the boards are installed in the middle section of the downstream straight pipe section, which is a location with more severe erosion and corrosion compared to other parts. However, it should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention should not be limited to areas with severe erosion and corrosion; any ferromagnetic part where stress concentration may occur can be monitored online using the embodiments of the present invention. The difficulty in integrating flexible circuit boards with sensors lies in the design of the circuit board circuit and the layout of the sensors. The flexibility of the circuit board may lead to the breakage or performance degradation of the conductive layer. When the flexible circuit board is bent, stretched, or twisted, the conductive layer may break and the sensor may not make good contact. Therefore, flexible serrated packaging can avoid the above problems.

[0054] The flexible integrated circuit board is a flexible printed circuit board made of polyimide as the substrate. It connects to a giant magnetoresistive sensor and matching resistors and capacitors via flexible printed circuit lines on the board. The flexible integrated circuit board includes a communication module, suitable resistors and capacitors; the resistors and capacitors form an RC filter, mainly used to suppress high-frequency noise and ensure a smooth output DC signal; the resistors also act as voltage dividers, and signal amplification is achieved by selecting an appropriate voltage division ratio. The selection of "suitable" resistors and capacitors depends on the specific requirements of the circuit. The communication module receives the magnetic field strength signal from the target well control manifold monitored by the array sensor and transmits the signal to the data acquisition unit. The matching resistors and capacitors are used to regulate the current in the control circuit, which controls the current on the flexible integrated circuit board and simultaneously performs amplification and filtering. The flexible integrated circuit board also includes an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), which is mainly used to regulate received commands. It can be considered a component on the circuit board and will not be described in detail.

[0055] Combination Figure 4 Each flexible integrated circuit board is provided with one or more array sensors; preferably, the flexible circuit board is a 4*8 array circuit board; each flexible integrated circuit board is provided with two 4*8 array sensors, that is, the structure is two flexible magnets with 4 rows and 8 columns.

[0056] Preferably, the matching resistors and capacitors are calculated based on the circuit design of the circuit board, using a voltage amplification gain calculation formula to calculate the sensor's output voltage from the input voltage.

[0057] The array sensor is used to monitor the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold; each array sensor includes multiple giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors. The GMR sensor is a novel magnetically sensitive semiconductor element integrating magnetic materials, nanotechnology, and semiconductors. In one specific embodiment of the invention, the timing of the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit includes the timing of the switching on or off of each row of sensors in the array sensor. Preferably, the GMR sensor, after preliminary comparison and selection, is a TMR magnetically sensitive sensor.

[0058] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the remote control unit includes a main control unit, a cloud server, and a host computer, wherein,

[0059] The main control unit is used to send timing instructions to the channel switching unit to control the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit; it is also used to control the acquisition time and acquisition interval of the data acquisition unit; preferably, the main control unit controls the timing of the switching on and off of each row of magnetic memory sensors through the channel switching unit, and sets the working time and working interval of adjacent rows of magnetic memory sensors.

[0060] The cloud server is used to receive and store digital signals transmitted by the data processing and transmission unit; the cloud server stores magnetic field change information monitored by the flexible monitoring unit at different time periods, and stores it after receiving magnetic field data transmitted by the data processing and transmission unit so that management personnel can subsequently check and compare magnetic field changes to determine the manifold operating status. Figure 5 and 6 As shown, under normal operating conditions, the magnetic field fluctuates up and down during manifold operation, with a fluctuation amplitude of less than 0.005V; when other defects such as erosion pits or cracks occur, the magnetic field will be distorted.

[0061] The host computer is used to receive digital signals transmitted by the data processing and transmission unit, and convert the digital signals into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map.

[0062] Combination Figure 4The data acquisition unit, further optimized as a whole, includes: an acquisition host, a 4G module, and a LoRa module. The acquisition host is characterized by including an SD card for local data storage and backup, and for data acquired offline. The 4G module is characterized by high-speed transmission and low latency, used for remote transmission to a cloud server. The LoRa module is characterized by its suitability for long-distance communication and low power consumption, used for transmission to a host computer for real-time monitoring of manifold defect status. As a further optimization, the host computer has data processing capabilities, which can further process the data transmitted by the data processing and transmission units to form a manifold monitoring defect cloud map, and record and save the scanning time of manifolds with defects. Multiple sets of 4*8 array sensors with MCUs can be expanded within the flexible detection ring (this invention example is designed as two sets of 4*8 array sensors). Simultaneously, each set of array sensors achieves synchronous switching of channel numbers via RS485 communication (one communication method). The flexible detection ring is connected to the acquisition host via RS485, integrating the acquisition host with the "channel switching unit, data acquisition unit, data processing and transmission unit, and remote control unit" of this invention. The data acquisition host transmits data to a cloud server via a 4G module for storing the monitored magnetic field data. Data can be downloaded from the cloud server for later review. It also transmits the data wirelessly to a host computer via RS433. The host computer processes the transmitted signals and generates a similar... Figure 7 Cloud map.

[0063] The system of this invention is applicable to any process flow of the choke manifold. During normal drilling, the drilling fluid flows out from the wellhead and enters the drilling fluid circulation through the various channels of the choke manifold. During tripping in and out of the well, as the drill string is pulled out, the drilling fluid level in the wellbore drops, and the choke manifold needs to control the back pressure at this time. In the event of a kick or overflow, the choke manifold controls the well control back pressure by controlling the opening of the valves, and introduces the required fluid into the choke channel of the choke manifold.

[0064] The device of the present invention can be installed in the straight pipe section downstream of the throttling valve in the throttling manifold. Compared with other parts, this is a location where erosion and corrosion are more severe. However, it should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention should not be limited to areas with severe erosion and corrosion. Any ferromagnetic part where stress concentration may occur can be monitored online using the embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] The present invention also provides a method for online monitoring of defects in well control manifolds, the method comprising:

[0066] Step 1: Attach the flexible monitoring unit to the outer wall of the straight pipe downstream of the well control manifold throttle valve;

[0067] Step 2: Connect the entire online monitoring system for well control manifold defects via remote switch control;

[0068] Step 3: The main control unit sends a timing command to the channel switching unit to control the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit, and the parallel data acquisition unit sends a collection command.

[0069] Step 4: The channel switching unit controls the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off according to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off.

[0070] Step 5: When the flexible monitoring unit is switched on, it monitors the magnetic field signal of the target well control manifold at the current moment. The data acquisition unit collects the magnetic field signal according to the collection command and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit.

[0071] Step 6: The data processing and transmission unit receives and converts the magnetic field strength signal acquired by the data acquisition unit into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the remote control unit;

[0072] Step 7: The remote control unit receives and stores the digital signal, and / or the remote control unit receives the digital signal and converts the digital signal into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud diagram.

[0073] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step 4: the channel switching unit controls the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off according to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off, includes:

[0074] According to the instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off in a predetermined manner, the channel switching unit controls each row of sensors in each array sensor in the channel switching unit to turn on or off in a predetermined manner.

[0075] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step 5: the data acquisition unit acquires the magnetic field signal according to the collection instruction and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit, includes:

[0076] The data acquisition unit adjusts the acquisition time and acquisition interval of each row of sensors in each array sensor in the channel switching unit according to the acquisition command, performs polling-style row-by-row acquisition of the corresponding magnetic field signal, and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit.

[0077] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0078] The well control manifold online monitoring system can be remotely turned on or off, and can also be remotely restarted and updated.

[0079] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0080] The online monitoring method for well control manifold defects provided in this invention can realize visualized online monitoring of the well control manifold's operating status. The method flow is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0081] A flexible array magnetic memory sensor is attached to the outer wall of the straight pipe downstream of the well control manifold throttle valve.

[0082] The entire online monitoring system for well control manifold defects is switched on and off remotely via a switch.

[0083] The main control unit controls the channel switching unit to sequentially turn each row of sensor arrays on and off, and adjusts the acquisition time and interval of each row of sensor arrays to achieve polling-style row-by-row data acquisition. This embodiment plans to set up a 4*16 array with a total of 64 sensor channels. Using traditional wiring methods, each channel requires a signal line to be led out to the acquisition card, requiring a total of 64 signal lines. The array design reduces the number of signal lines, as each column of channels can share a single signal channel, requiring only 16 signal lines. This reduces hardware complexity. Row-by-row acquisition reduces cross-interference between rows. Simultaneous activation of multiple rows may lead to crosstalk between signals. Low power consumption meets the requirements of "long-term monitoring" applications; activating only one row at a time, while other rows remain inactive, results in lower overall power consumption compared to activating all sensors simultaneously.

[0084] It should be noted that the switching on and off sequence of each magnetic memory sensor can be controlled by the host computer software. During normal drilling operations, this device is mainly used to detect the manifold operating status. It is set to monitor for a short period of time at a fixed time every day, and over time, the changes in the manifold magnetic field can be monitored on a monthly or even quarterly basis to characterize the manifold operating status. In this case, the switching on and off sequence can be set to a long polling interval, which can be set to a few minutes. When a blowout occurs, since the well control manifold is the most important component of choke and kill, the manifold operating status should be monitored in real time to provide early warning. In this case, a short polling interval can be set, which can be set to 100ms-1s.

[0085] The control switch uses the main control unit to switch between different numbers of acquisition channels. The following is a code excerpt:

[0086]

[0087] Electronic scanning of the magnetic memory sensor is achieved by sequentially turning each row of the sensor array on and off.

[0088] The flexible array magnetic memory sensor receives the switching signal from the channel switching unit and collects the magnetic field signal of the monitored part at the current moment. The flexible monitoring unit converts the collected magnetic field signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit. The data processing and transmission unit filters, reduces noise, and amplifies the electrical signal before transmitting it to the cloud server and the host computer respectively.

[0089] After receiving the electrical signal from the data processing and transmission unit, the cloud server can store and process it for subsequent remote review of monitoring data and manifold operation status.

[0090] After receiving the data from the data processing and transmission unit, the host computer further processes the data to form a monitoring cloud map, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it is used to display the changes in the manifold magnetic field in real time and predict the development trend of manifold defects. After abnormal data is detected, the abnormal value and the relevant detection time are stored in time for subsequent review and inspection. Figure 7 The left side shows the real-time monitored changes in the magnetic field, and the right side shows the cloud map mapped from the numerical values ​​of these changes. This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of data processed only by the host computer.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring system for defects in well control manifolds, characterized in that, The system includes a flexible monitoring unit, a channel switching unit, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and transmission unit, and a remote control unit. The flexible monitoring unit is installed on the outer wall of the target well control manifold and is used to monitor the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold. The channel switching unit is used to control the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit; The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the magnetic field strength signal monitored by the flexible monitoring unit; The data processing and transmission unit is used to receive the magnetic field strength signal collected by the data acquisition unit, convert it into a digital signal, and transmit the digital signal to the remote control unit. The remote control unit is used to send instructions to the channel switching unit to control the timing of the switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit; it is also used to control the acquisition time and acquisition interval of the data acquisition unit; and it is also used to receive and store the digital signals, and convert the digital signals into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map.

2. The online monitoring system for well control manifold defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible monitoring unit includes multiple flexible integrated circuit boards and multiple array sensors, wherein, Multiple flexible integrated circuit boards are installed on the outer wall of the target well control manifold. One or more array sensors are set on each flexible integrated circuit board.

3. The online monitoring system for well control manifold defects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The array sensor is used to monitor the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold; Each array sensor includes multiple giant magnetoresistive sensors.

4. The online monitoring system for well control manifold defects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible integrated circuit board includes a communication module, which is used to receive the magnetic field strength signal of the target well control manifold monitored by the array sensor and transmit the magnetic field strength signal to the data acquisition unit.

5. The online monitoring system for well control manifold defects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The remote control unit includes a main control unit, a cloud server, and a host computer, wherein... The main control unit is used to send timing instructions to the channel switching unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off; it is also used to control the acquisition time and acquisition interval of the data acquisition unit. The cloud server is used to receive and store the digital signals; The host computer is used to receive digital signals transmitted by the data processing and transmission unit, and convert the digital signals into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map.

6. The online monitoring system for well control manifold defects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching on or off of the flexible monitoring unit includes the switching on or off of each row of sensors in the array sensor.

7. The online monitoring system for well control manifold defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a remote switch, which is used to remotely turn the well control manifold online monitoring system on or off, and to remotely restart and update it.

8. A method for online monitoring of defects in well control manifolds, characterized in that, The method includes: The main control unit sends a timing command to the channel switching unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off, and the parallel data acquisition unit sends a collection command. The channel switching unit controls the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off according to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off. When the flexible monitoring unit is switched on, it monitors the magnetic field signal of the target well control manifold at the current moment. The data acquisition unit collects the magnetic field signal according to the collection instruction and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit. The data processing and transmission unit receives the magnetic field strength signal acquired by the data acquisition unit, converts it into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the remote control unit. The remote control unit receives and stores the digital signals and converts them into a manifold operation status display diagram and / or a manifold operation defect cloud map.

9. The online monitoring method for defects in well control manifolds according to claim 8, characterized in that, The channel switching unit controls the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off according to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit, including: According to the timing instructions sent by the main control unit to control the flexible monitoring unit to turn on or off, the channel switching unit controls each row of sensors in each array sensor in the channel switching unit to turn on or off according to the instructions.

10. The online monitoring method for defects in well control manifolds according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit acquires the magnetic field signal according to the collection command and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit, including: The data acquisition unit adjusts the acquisition time and acquisition interval of each row of sensors in each array sensor in the channel switching unit according to the acquisition command, performs polling-style row-by-row acquisition of the corresponding magnetic field signal, and transmits it to the data processing and transmission unit.

11. The online monitoring method for well control manifold defects according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The well control manifold online monitoring system can be remotely turned on or off, and can also be remotely restarted and updated.

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