A coal mine roadway support structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically to a coal mine tunnel support structure, comprising a base, a bearing plate on top of the base, the bearing plate being driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder; it also includes a support member and a drive plate, the support member being fixed to the bearing plate, a support plate being rotatably connected to the support member, and symmetrical limiting members on both sides of the support member, the limiting members including an arc plate one and an arc plate two, the arc plate one being horizontally elastically connected to the bottom of the support plate, the arc plate two being fixedly connected to the bearing plate and located outside the arc plate one, the outer side of the arc plate one and the inner side of the arc plate two being provided with mutually cooperating locking structures; the drive plate is movably disposed between the two arc plates one, the end of the drive plate movably abutting against the two arc plates one, and a control member is provided on the support plate. This invention solves the problem that in tunnel support structures, the support plate is difficult to fit against the inclined tunnel top, easily resulting in insufficient support force and easy damage to the support plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically to a coal mine tunnel support structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hydraulic jacks are widely used in roadway rock support systems. Their working principle involves the jacks driving the support plates upwards, bringing them against the roadway roof to provide active support. However, in actual engineering projects, the roadway roof is not an ideal plane, especially when it is a sloping structure. Rigid support plates cannot adaptively deflect with the slope angle, resulting in localized gaps or line contact between the support plates and the roadway roof. This incomplete fit can cause multiple problems: First, the contact area is significantly reduced, decreasing the overall support stiffness and weakening its ability to suppress delamination, creep, and sudden collapse of the roadway roof, directly endangering roadway safety. Second, because the support force is concentrated at a few protruding contact points, the support plate surface bears severe eccentric loading, resulting in extremely uneven stress distribution. This not only accelerates fatigue wear and localized plastic deformation of the support plates but may even cause structural fracture, significantly shortening the equipment's service life.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, the patent CN212716686U, entitled "A Device for an Adaptive Inclined Roof Plate for a Single Hydraulic Prop," proposes a solution. This device, through the installation of a swingable roof plate contact head, can automatically adjust its posture according to the inclination angle of the roadway roof, achieving localized adaptive fit. However, this device is limited to the independent operation of a single hydraulic prop and cannot be directly extended to continuous or combined integrated roadway support systems. More importantly, the device lacks an effective lateral force stabilization mechanism. When subjected to non-vertical loads generated by ground pressure activity or blasting vibrations at the roadway roof, its adaptive components are prone to deflection or slippage, making it difficult to maintain a stable support posture and thus failing to provide continuous and reliable support force. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that the support plates in roadway support structures are difficult to fit snugly against the inclined roadway top, resulting in insufficient support and easy damage to the support plates, this invention provides a coal mine roadway support structure that allows the support plates to adjust their posture with the roadway top, making them fit snugly against the roadway top, and providing continuous support.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A coal mine roadway support structure includes a base with a bearing plate on top. The bearing plate is driven to move up and down by a hydraulic cylinder on the base. It also includes a support member and a drive plate. The support member is fixed to the bearing plate, and a support plate is rotatably connected to the support member. The support plate is used to fit against the top of the roadway. The support member has symmetrically arranged limiting members on both sides, each limiting member including an arc plate one and an arc plate two. Both arc plates one and two are concentric with the rotation center of the support plate. Arc plate one is horizontally elastically connected to the bottom of the support plate, and arc plate two is fixedly connected to the bearing plate and located outside arc plate one. The outer side of arc plate one and the inner side of arc plate two are provided with mutually cooperating locking structures. The drive plate is movably positioned between the two arc plates one, with its end movably abutting against the two arc plates one. The support plate has a control member. When the support plate fits against the top of the roadway, the control member controls the drive plate to move upward, thereby pushing the arc plates one on both sides outward so that the arc plates one and the arc plates two on the same side are locked together by the locking structures.

[0007] Furthermore, the support member includes a support plate, and the support plate is symmetrically fixed in the middle of the bearing plate along its longitudinal center line. The upper ends of the two support plates are rotatably connected by a pivot. At least one pivot has its end penetrating through the support plate on the same side. A torsion spring is sleeved on the pivot outside the support plate. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the corresponding pivot, and the other end is connected to the support plate. When the torsion spring is in its natural state, the support plate is horizontal. There is a gap between the upper end of the arc plate and the support plate, and the lower end of the arc plate is lower than the upper end of the arc plate and has a gap to the bearing plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a vertical plate is fixed to the bottom of the support plate on the inner side of each of the arc plates, and connecting rods are fixed at intervals on the upper end of the inner side of the arc plate. The ends of the connecting rods movably pass through the vertical plates on the same side, and a baffle is fixed to the end of each connecting rod. A spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod and connected between the baffle and the vertical plate.

[0009] Furthermore, when the spring on the connecting rod of the first arc plate is in its natural state, the locking structure of the first arc plate and the second arc plate on the same side are separated.

[0010] Furthermore, a force-receiving groove is provided on the inner side of the first arc plate, and the end of the driving plate extends into the force-receiving groove on the same side and slides in contact with the inner side of the force-receiving groove; the depth of the force-receiving groove gradually becomes shallower from bottom to top, and when the driving plate moves upward, the end of the driving plate slides along the inner side of the force-receiving groove and gradually disengages from the force-receiving groove, pressing the first arc plate to move outward.

[0011] Furthermore, the support plate is symmetrically provided with control components, which include a sliding rod and a top-pressure transmission component. The drive plate is connected to the support plate via a second spring, which applies an upward pulling force to the drive plate. The support plate is provided with a slide rail, in which the sliding rod slides. The sliding rod has a limiting hole. A limiting rod corresponding to the limiting hole is fixed on the drive plate. The upper end of the limiting rod extends into the slide rail and contacts the bottom surface of the sliding rod or extends into the corresponding limiting hole. The top-pressure transmission component is provided on the support plate and is connected to the sliding rod. When the support plate is in contact with the top of the roadway, the top-pressure transmission component is pressed by the top of the roadway, causing the sliding rod to slide and move the limiting hole to directly above the limiting rod. The second spring drives the drive plate to move upward, causing the limiting rod to extend into the limiting hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the top-pressing transmission component includes a rotating rod and a top rod. One end of the sliding rod faces the center of the support plate and is connected to the side of the slide rail end via a spring. A through hole is provided on the sliding rod, and the bottom surface of the through hole has a linear array of teeth. A rotating rod is installed inside the through hole, and both ends of the rotating rod pass through and are rotatably connected to the support plate. A gear with meshing teeth at the lower end is sleeved and fixed on the rotating rod inside the through hole. Both ends of the rotating rod are connected to connecting plates, and a top rod is rotatably connected between the ends of the connecting plates.

[0013] Furthermore, when the spring is in its natural state, each limiting hole is located outside the corresponding limiting rod, and the two connecting plates of the top pressing transmission component extend obliquely upward to the outside of the same side end of the support plate, so that the connected top rod is suspended above the outside of the end of the support plate; when the upper end of the top rod is flush with the top surface of the support plate, the limiting hole on the slide rod is located directly above the corresponding limiting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, when the upper end of the limiting rod on the drive plate contacts the bottom surface of the slide rod, the end of the drive plate is located in the force groove of the arc plate on the same side, and the spring is in a stretched state.

[0015] Furthermore, the locking structure consists of serrated grooves formed on the outer side of the first arc plate and the inner side of the second arc plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention through the above technical solution are as follows:

[0017] This invention increases the contact area between the support plate and the roadway top by rotating the support plate around the pivot. When the support plate rises, it deflects according to the inclination angle of the roadway top, effectively eliminating the gap and line contact phenomenon between the rigid plate and the roadway top, significantly improving the overall support rigidity, thereby enhancing the active suppression capability against roadway creep and sudden collapse, and ensuring roadway safety.

[0018] After the support plate is in place with the top of the tunnel, the present invention uses spring two to drive the drive plate to rise. The end of the drive plate slides along the force groove, and the drive plate pushes the arc plate one, forcing the serrated groove on the outer side of the arc plate one to embed into the serrated groove on the inner side of the arc plate two fixed on the same side, forming a mechanical hard lock, thereby stabilizing the support plate. The stable support plate can effectively resist the lateral non-vertical load generated by ground pressure activity or blasting vibration, prevent the support plate from deflecting and slipping, and ensure long-term stable and reliable support posture. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a sectional front view of the bearing plate, support plate, and control components of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc plate connecting the vertical plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate, drive plate, and arc plate II of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support plate and the rotating shaft seat of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional side view of the support plate, slide bar, and gear of the present invention.

[0026] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Base, 2. Hydraulic cylinder, 3. Bearing plate, 4. Support plate, 5. Drive plate, 6. Support plate, 7. Arc plate one, 8. Arc plate two, 9. Serrated groove, 10. Force groove, 11. Rotary shaft seat, 12. Rotary shaft, 13. Torsion spring one, 14. Vertical plate, 15. Connecting rod, 16. Baffle, 17. Spring one, 18. Spring two, 19. Slide rod, 20. Sealing plate, 21. Slide rail, 22. Spring three, 23. Through hole, 24. Tooth, 25. Rotating rod, 26. Connecting plate, 27. Top rod, 28. Limiting hole, 29. Limiting rod, 30. Gear one, 31. Drive rod, 32. Gear two, 33. Torsion spring two, 34. Rack, 35. Top plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0028] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, a coal mine roadway support structure includes a base 1, with a bearing plate 3 mounted on top of the base 1. The bearing plate 3 is driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 2 on the base 1. Two hydraulic cylinders 2 are fixed to the top of the base 1 and are symmetrically arranged. The piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the bearing plate 3. Both the base 1 and the bearing plate 3 are rectangular plates. The structure also includes a support member and a drive plate 5. The support member is fixed to the bearing plate 3, and a support plate 6 is rotatably connected to the support member. The support plate 6 is used to fit against the top of the roadway. The support plate 6 is a rectangular plate. Symmetrical limiting members are provided on both sides of the support member. The limiting members include an arc plate 7 and an arc plate 8. The arc-shaped protrusions of the arc plate 7 and the arc plate 8 are both far away from the support member. Both 7 and 8 are concentric with the rotation center of the support plate 6. The first arc plate 7 is horizontally elastically connected to the bottom of the support plate 6. The length direction of the support plate 6 is horizontal. The lower end of the second arc plate 8 is fixedly connected to the bearing plate 3 and is located outside the first arc plate 7. The outer side of the first arc plate 7 and the inner side of the second arc plate 8 are provided with mutually cooperating locking structures. The driving plate 5 is movably disposed between the two first arc plates 7. The driving plate 5 is located between the support plate 6 and the bearing plate 3. The end of the driving plate 5 is movably abutting against the two first arc plates 7. The support plate 6 is provided with a control component. When the support plate 6 is in contact with the top of the roadway, the control component controls the driving plate 5 to move upward, so as to push the first arc plates 7 on both sides to move outward, so that the first arc plate 7 and the second arc plate 8 on the same side are locked together by the locking structure.

[0029] The support includes a support plate 4. A support plate 4 is symmetrically fixed to the center of the bearing plate 3 along its longitudinal centerline. The width direction of the bearing plate 3 is longitudinal. The support plate 4 is a rectangular plate. A drive plate 5 is located between two support plates 4. A support plate 6 is located on the upper side of the bearing plate 3. The support plate 6 is rotatably connected to the upper ends of the two support plates via a rotating shaft 12. A rotating shaft seat 11 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the support plate 6. The rotating shaft 12 is mounted and fixed on the rotating shaft seat. Both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the support plates 4 on the same side. The support plate is higher than the support plate; the rings containing the first arc plate 7 and the second arc plate 8 are both concentric with the rotating shaft 12, and the end of at least one rotating shaft 12 passes through the support plate 4 on the same side. The rotating shaft 12 outside the support plate 4 is covered with a torsion spring 13. One end of the torsion spring 13 is connected to the corresponding rotating shaft 12, and the other end is connected to the support plate 4. When the torsion spring 13 is in its natural state, the support plate 6 is horizontal, there is a gap between the upper end of the second arc plate 8 and the support plate 6, and the lower end of the first arc plate 7 is lower than the upper end of the second arc plate 8 and there is a gap between it and the bearing plate 3.

[0030] Each of the inner support plates of the arc plate 7 has a vertical plate 14 fixed at its bottom. The vertical plate 14 is a rectangular plate arranged vertically. The upper end of the inner side of the arc plate 7 is fixed with connecting rods 15 at intervals. The end of the connecting rod 15 is away from the arc plate 7 and moves through the vertical plate 14 on the same side. The end of each connecting rod 15 is fixed with a baffle 16. A spring 17 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 15 between the baffle 16 and the vertical plate 14. The spring 17 is a tension spring.

[0031] When the spring 17 on the connecting rod 15 connected to the arc plate 7 is in its natural state, the locking structure of the arc plate 7 and the arc plate 8 on the same side is separated from each other; when the drive plate 5 moves upward, the drive plate 5 presses the arc plate 7 against the elastic force of the spring 17 and moves outward until the locking structure is engaged and locked.

[0032] The inner side of the arc plate 7 is provided with a force groove 10. The end of the drive plate 5 extends into the force groove 10 on the same side and slides in contact with the inner side of the force groove 10. The depth of the force groove 10 gradually becomes shallower from bottom to top. When the drive plate 5 moves upward, the end of the drive plate 5 slides along the inner side of the force groove 10 and gradually disengages from the force groove 10, pressing the arc plate 7 to move outward. The inner side of the force groove 10 is the side opposite to the opening of the force groove 10. The inner side of the force groove 10 is an arc-shaped protrusion facing the outer side of the arc plate 7. The upper end of the inner side of the force groove 10 intersects with the inner side of the arc plate 7.

[0033] The support plate 6 is symmetrically equipped with control components, including slide rods 19 and top-pressing transmission components. The drive plate 5 is connected to the support plate 6 via a second spring 18, which applies an upward pulling force to the drive plate 5. The second spring is a tension spring. The support plate 6 is provided with a slide rail 21. A rectangular groove is recessed on the top surface of the support plate 6. The upper opening of the rectangular groove is blocked by a sealing plate 20. The rectangular groove and the sealing plate 20 together form the slide rail. The rectangular groove is opened along the length of the support plate 6. The slide rod 19 is slidably disposed in the slide rail 21. The slide rod 19 is provided with limiting holes 28 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the slide rod 19. The drive plate 5 is fixed with each slide rod 19. The limiting rod 29 corresponding to the limiting hole 28 on the 9 has its upper end extending into the slide rail 21 and contacting the bottom surface of the slide rod 19 or extending into the corresponding limiting hole 28. The upper end of the limiting rod 29 can move through the support plate 6 and extend into the slide rail 21. The top pressure transmission component is set on the support plate 6 and is connected to the slide rod 19. When the support plate 6 is in contact with the top of the roadway, the top pressure transmission component is driven by the pressure from the top of the roadway to slide the slide rod, so that the limiting hole 28 moves to directly above the limiting rod 29. The spring 18 drives the drive plate to move upward, so that the limiting rod 29 extends into the limiting hole 28. The limiting rod 29 is a rectangular rod, and the limiting hole 28 is a rectangular hole that matches the limiting rod 29.

[0034] The top-pressing transmission component includes a rotating rod 25 and a top rod 27. One end of the slide rod 19 faces the center of the support plate and is connected to the side of the slide rail end via a spring 3 22. The spring 3 is a compression spring. A through hole 23 is provided on the slide rod 19. The through hole 23 is a rectangular hole that longitudinally passes through the slide rod 19. A limiting hole is located on the slide rod between the through hole and the spring 3. The bottom surface of the through hole 23 has a linear array of teeth 24. The rotating rod 25 is installed inside the through hole 23. Both ends of the rotating rod 25 pass through and are rotatably connected to the support plate 6. A gear 30 with the lower end meshing with the teeth 24 is sleeved and fixed on the rotating rod 25 inside the through hole 23. Both ends of the rotating rod 25 are connected to a connecting plate 26. The ends of the connecting plates 26 are rotatably connected to the top rod 27.

[0035] When the spring 22 is in its natural state, each limiting hole 28 is located outside the corresponding limiting rod 29. The end of the slide rod 19 with the through hole 23 contacts the end side of the slide 21. The two connecting plates 26 of the top-pressing transmission component extend obliquely upward to the outside of the same side end of the support plate 6, so that the connected top rod 27 is suspended above the outside of the end of the support plate 6. During the process of the support plate 6 contacting the top of the roadway, the top rod 27 moves to the outside of the same side end of the support plate 6 after being compressed. When the upper end of the top rod 27 is flush with the top surface of the support plate 6, the limiting hole 28 on the slide rod 19 is located directly above the corresponding limiting rod 29. When the upper end of the limiting rod 29 on the drive plate 5 contacts the bottom surface of the slide rod 19, the end of the drive plate 5 is located in the force groove 10 of the same side arc plate 7, and the spring 18 is in a stretched state.

[0036] A drive rod 31 is rotatably connected between the two support plates 4. The drive rod 31 is located between the drive plate and the support plate. One end of the drive rod 31 passes through the support plate 4 and is fixedly connected to a gear 32. A torsion spring 33 is sleeved on the drive rod 31 and connected to the gear 32 and the support plate 4 on the same side. A top plate 35 is fixed on the drive rod 31. When the torsion spring 33 is in its natural state, the top plate 35 is horizontal. A rack 34 on the same side as the gear 32 is fixed on the base 1. When the bearing plate descends to the position near the end of the hydraulic cylinder stroke, the gear 34 meshes with the rack. The gear 34 drives the drive rod 31 to rotate, causing the end of the top plate 35 to press down on the drive plate 5, forcing the drive plate 5 to move down and the limiting rod 29 to disengage from the limiting hole 28. When the drive plate moves upward to its limit state, the drive plate contacts the horizontal top plate.

[0037] The locking structure consists of serrated grooves 9 on the outer side of arc plate 7 and the inner side of arc plate 8. When arc plate 7 moves outward, the serrated grooves 9 on the outer side of arc plate 7 and the serrated grooves 9 on the inner side of arc plate 8 engage with each other.

[0038] In the initial state, the two torsion springs 13 are in their natural state, keeping the support plate 6 horizontal. At this time, both ends of the drive plate 5 extend into the force grooves 10 on the same side arc plate 7, with the ends contacting the inner side of the force grooves 10. The upper end of the limiting rod 29 on the drive plate 5 contacts the bottom surface of the corresponding slide rod 19, but does not extend into the limiting hole 28. The second spring 18 is stretched and stored. The third spring 22 is in its natural state, with the limiting hole 28 located outside the corresponding limiting rod 29. The upper end of the top rod 27 is higher than the support plate 6. The second gear 32 is higher than the rack 34, and the two are disengaged.

[0039] Hydraulic cylinder 2 is activated, driving the bearing plate 3 to move the support plate upward. Initially, the support plate 6 remains horizontal. As the bearing plate 3 rises, the top rod 27 first contacts the top of the roadway. The top rod 27 experiences downward pressure and begins to move downward, driving the rotating rod 25 to rotate via the connecting plate 26. Gear 30 on the rotating rod 25 drives the sliding rod 19 to slide towards the center of the support plate 6, gradually compressing the spring 22. At this point, the support plate 6 has not yet contacted the top of the roadway, therefore the sliding amount of the sliding rod 19 is limited, and the limiting hole 28 has not yet moved directly above the corresponding limiting rod 29. The driving plate 5 is still blocked by the limiting rod 29 and cannot rise.

[0040] As the support plate 3 continues to rise, the support plate 6 gradually approaches the top of the roadway. When one end of the support plate 6 first contacts the top of the roadway, it encounters resistance, forcing the support plate 6 to rotate around the pivot 12. The torsion spring 13 stores energy through torsion. During this rotation, the arc plate 7 rotates synchronously with the support plate 6. At the same time, the top rod 27 continues to move downwards due to the pressure from the top of the roadway, and the sliding rod 19 continues to slide towards the center. When the support plate 6 is fully in contact with the inclined tunnel top, the rotation of the support plate 6 stops. At this time, the top rod 27 is pressed to the lowest position (the upper end of the top rod is flush with the top surface of the support plate), and the slide rod 19 also slides to the final position. The limiting hole 28 moves exactly above the limiting rod 29 on the same side. At the instant the limiting hole 28 aligns with the limiting rod 29, the stretched and energy-storing spring 18 immediately contracts, pulling the drive plate 5 upward. When the drive plate 5 rises, the limiting rod 29 on the drive plate extends into the corresponding limiting hole 28. At the same time, the end of the drive plate 5 slides upward along the inner side of the force groove 10. As the depth decreases from bottom to top, this upward motion is converted into a radial thrust on the inner side of the arc plate 7 through the wedge surface. This thrust pushes the arc plate 7 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 17 and move directly towards the arc plate 8 on the same side. When the end of the drive plate 5 disengages from the upper end of the force groove 10 and contacts the inner side of the arc plate 7, the arc plate 7 has moved to its limit position. The serrated groove 9 on its outer side is embedded in the serrated groove 9 on the inner side of the arc plate 8 on the same side, achieving a locking engagement. Thus, the support plate 6 not only adaptively fits the top of the inclined roadway through rotation, but also locks this fitting posture through the radial translation of the arc plate 7, achieving stable support.

[0041] Throughout the process, the final position of the top rod 27 is synchronized with the fit of the support plate 6, ensuring that the locking action is only triggered after the support plate 6 is fully in place, thus avoiding the risk of premature locking.

[0042] When the support needs to be released, the hydraulic cylinder 2 reverses the drive of the bearing plate 3 to descend; in the initial stage of descent, all locking states are maintained; when the gear 2 32 meshes with the rack 34, the gear 2 32 rotates, driving the drive rod 31 to rotate, the torsion spring 2 33 twists, and the end of the top plate 35 presses down on the drive plate 5, forcing the drive plate 5 to overcome the tension of the spring 2 18 and move downward. The drive plate 5 moves down so that its end slides back from the inner side of the arc plate 1 7 into the force groove 10, and the radial thrust disappears; at the same time, the limit rod 29 disengages from the limit hole 28, the arc plate 1 7 is radially reset under the action of the spring 1 17, the serrated groove 9 disengages, and then the slide rod 19 is reset under the action of the spring 3 22, the top rod 27 rises, and the connecting plate 26 and the rotating rod 25 are reset, preparing for the next use.

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine roadway support structure, comprising a base (1), wherein a bearing plate (3) is provided above the base (1), and the bearing plate (3) is driven to move up and down by a hydraulic cylinder (2) on the base (1); characterized in that, It also includes a support member and a drive plate (5). The support member is fixed on the bearing plate (3). A support plate (6) is rotatably connected to the support member. The support plate (6) is used to fit against the top of the roadway. The support member is symmetrically provided with limiting members on both sides. The limiting members include an arc plate one (7) and an arc plate two (8). The arc plate one (7) and the arc plate two (8) are both concentric with the rotation center of the support plate (6). The arc plate one (7) is horizontally elastically connected to the bottom of the support plate (6). The arc plate two (8) is fixedly connected to the bearing plate (3) and located at the arc plate one. (7) On the outside, the outer side of the first arc plate (7) and the inner side of the second arc plate (8) are provided with a locking structure that cooperates with each other; the drive plate (5) is located between the two first arc plates (7) and moves up and down. The end of the drive plate (5) is in contact with the two first arc plates (7). The support plate (6) is provided with a control component. When the support plate (6) is attached to the top of the roadway, the control component controls the drive plate (5) to move upward, so as to push the first arc plates (7) on both sides to move outward, so that the first arc plate (7) and the second arc plate (8) on the same side are locked together by the locking structure.

2. The coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support includes a support plate (4), and the support plate (4) is symmetrically fixed in the middle of the bearing plate (3) along its longitudinal center line. The support plate (6) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the two support plates via a rotating shaft (12). The end of at least one rotating shaft (12) passes through the support plate (4) on the same side. The rotating shaft (12) on the outside of the support plate (4) is covered with a torsion spring (13). One end of the torsion spring (13) is connected to the corresponding rotating shaft (12), and the other end is connected to the support plate (4). When the torsion spring (13) is in its natural state, the support plate (6) is horizontal. There is a gap between the upper end of the arc plate (8) and the support plate (6). The lower end of the arc plate (7) is lower than the upper end of the arc plate (8) and has a gap to the bearing plate (3).

3. The coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the arc plates (7) has a support plate (14) fixed at the bottom of the inner side of the support plate. The upper end of the inner side of the arc plate (7) is fixed with connecting rods (15) at intervals. The end of the connecting rod (15) moves through the support plate (14) on the same side. Each connecting rod (15) has a baffle (16) fixed at the end. A spring (17) sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (15) is connected between the baffle (16) and the support plate (14).

4. The coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the spring 1 (17) on the connecting rod (15) connected to the arc plate 1 (7) is in its natural state, the locking structure of the arc plate 1 (7) and the arc plate 2 (8) on the same side are separated.

5. A coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner side of the arc plate (7) is provided with a force groove (10). The end of the drive plate (5) extends into the force groove (10) on the same side and slides in contact with the inner side of the force groove (10). The depth of the force groove (10) gradually becomes shallower from bottom to top. When the drive plate (5) moves upward, the end of the drive plate (5) slides along the inner side of the force groove (10) and gradually comes out of the force groove (10), pressing the arc plate (7) to move outward.

6. A coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support plate (6) is symmetrically provided with control components, which include a slide rod (19) and a top-pressing transmission component. The drive plate (5) is connected to the support plate (6) via a second spring (18). The second spring (18) applies an upward pulling force to the drive plate (5). The support plate (6) is provided with a slide rail (21). The slide rod (19) is slidably disposed in the slide rail (21). The slide rod (19) is provided with a limiting hole (28). The drive plate (5) is fixed with a limiting rod corresponding to the limiting hole (28). 29), the upper end of the limiting rod (29) extends into the slide (21) and contacts the bottom surface of the slide rod (19) or extends into the corresponding limiting hole (28). The top pressure transmission component is set on the support plate (6) and is connected to the slide rod (19) in a transmission manner. When the support plate (6) is in contact with the top of the roadway, the top pressure transmission component is pressed by the top of the roadway and drives the slide rod to slide, so that the limiting hole (28) moves to the top of the limiting rod (29). The second spring (18) drives the drive plate to move upward, so that the limiting rod (29) extends into the limiting hole (28).

7. A coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top-pressing transmission component includes a rotating rod (25) and a top rod (27). One end of the sliding rod (19) faces the center of the support plate and is connected to the side of the slide end via a spring (22). A through hole (23) is provided on the sliding rod (19). The bottom surface of the through hole (23) has a linear array of teeth (24). The rotating rod (25) is installed inside the through hole (23). Both ends of the rotating rod (25) are connected to the support plate (6). A gear (30) with meshing teeth (24) at the lower end is sleeved and fixed on the rotating rod (25) inside the through hole (23). Both ends of the rotating rod (25) are connected to a connecting plate (26). The ends of the connecting plates (26) are rotatably connected to the top rod (27).

8. A coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the spring three (22) is in its natural state, each limiting hole (28) is located outside the corresponding limiting rod (29). The two connecting plates (26) of the top pressing transmission component extend obliquely upward to the outside of the same side end of the support plate (6) so that the connected top rod (27) is suspended above the outside of the end of the support plate (6). When the upper end of the top rod (27) is flush with the top surface of the support plate (6), the limiting hole (28) on the slide rod (19) is located directly above the corresponding limiting rod (29).

9. A coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the upper end of the limiting rod (29) on the drive plate (5) contacts the bottom surface of the slide rod (19), the end of the drive plate (5) is located in the force groove (10) of the arc plate (7) on the same side, and the spring (18) is in a stretched state.

10. A coal mine roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking structure is a serrated groove (9) formed on the outer side of the first arc plate (7) and the inner side of the second arc plate (8).

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