Electromagnetic drag-reducing offshore wind turbine blade device

Abstract

This invention discloses an electromagnetic drag-reducing offshore wind turbine blade device, comprising a wind turbine casing, a magnetic adjustment component, and a thin-film solar panel battery. The wind turbine casing includes a windward side, a leeward side, and a crosswind side. Wind pressure sensors are installed on both the windward and leeward sides. The wind turbine casing is rotatable near the blade root. The magnetic adjustment component includes an electromagnet plate, an electromagnetic coil, an electromagnetic relay, and a controller. The thin-film solar panel battery is installed on the top of the wind turbine nacelle. This invention uses electromagnetic action to rotate the wind turbine blades, changing the windward angle of the blades, reducing the wind pressure on the blades, and thus reducing wind drag on the blades. This helps adapt to extreme weather at sea and protects the parts of the blades that are subjected to high wind loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field, specifically, it relates to an electromagnetic drag reduction device for offshore wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in national electricity demand, the scale of wind turbines has also been increasing, in addition to other power generation devices. In particular, offshore wind turbines are the main sites for wind turbines due to the abundance of wind energy in nearshore and offshore areas.

[0003] Wind turbines use rotating blades to convert wind energy into mechanical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy. However, in extreme situations, wind turbines are affected by the blades. As the blade size increases, wind turbines can only control the entire blade through pitch bearings when resisting strong winds. Even if the turbine is shut down, it will still cause some damage to the blade, and once the blade is damaged, it can only be replaced as a whole.

[0004] Most existing wind turbine blades rely on fixed structural strength to resist wind resistance. When faced with sudden strong winds or gusts, they cannot adjust the blade attitude according to real-time wind pressure, making them prone to structural damage due to instantaneous overload. In addition, most wind-resistant auxiliary devices rely on the main power supply of the wind turbine or external power supply, which not only consumes the energy of the main equipment but may also fail due to power supply failure, resulting in insufficient reliability in harsh sea conditions. Some adjustable blades use complex structures such as hydraulic and mechanical transmissions, which are susceptible to seawater corrosion, affecting their lifespan. Furthermore, they lack targeted vibration reduction design, leading to rapid component wear after long-term operation and high maintenance frequency and costs.

[0005] This invention provides an electromagnetic drag reduction device for offshore wind turbine blades, specifically addressing how to effectively reduce wind resistance on blades under adverse sea conditions, thereby achieving effective protection of the wind turbine blades and extending their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides an electromagnetic drag-reducing offshore wind turbine blade device, the purpose of which is to effectively reduce the wind resistance generated on the blades under severe sea conditions, thereby achieving effective protection of the wind turbine blades and extending their service life.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device, including a magnetic force adjustment component disposed inside the wind turbine blade shell and a wind pressure detection component disposed on the wind turbine blade shell; The wind turbine blade housing includes a root housing and a head housing that are rotatably connected to each other, and the magnetic adjustment assembly is connected to the internal structure of the head housing; The wind pressure detection component is used to detect the wind pressure at the wind turbine blade casing and output a control signal to the control unit. When the magnetic force adjustment component receives a drive signal from the control unit, it can drive the head casing to rotate relative to the root casing through magnetic force, thereby changing the windward angle of the blade.

[0008] The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device also includes a power supply component, which includes a thin-film solar panel disposed outside the wind turbine nacelle. The thin-film solar panel is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to supply power to the magnetic force adjustment component and the wind pressure detection component.

[0009] The wind pressure detection assembly includes multiple wind pressure gauges installed on the windward and leeward sides of the wind turbine blade casing. The bottom opening of each wind pressure gauge is connected to the inside of the blade casing, and a circumferential sealing ring is provided between the wind pressure gauge and the casing.

[0010] A gear linkage structure is provided between the root shell and the head shell. The gear linkage structure includes a central gear and a plurality of circumferentially distributed internal gears meshing with it. The central gear is fixedly connected to the internal reinforcing structure of the head shell, and the internal gears mesh with the tooth grooves provided on the inner wall of the root shell.

[0011] The internal reinforcing structure of the head shell includes reinforcing ribs arranged along the length of the blade, and electromagnets with opposite magnetic polarities are respectively provided at both ends of the reinforcing ribs near the root shell.

[0012] The magnetic force adjustment assembly includes at least two electromagnetic coils arranged diagonally along the blade cross section. The electromagnetic coils are fixed on a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is provided with a positioning plate for limiting the position of the electromagnetic coils. The positioning plate is connected to the reinforcing rib by an insulating component.

[0013] A shock-absorbing spring is provided on one side of the electromagnetic coil. The shock-absorbing spring is located between the positioning plate and the reinforcing rib. The bottom end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixed to the spring base, and the spring base is fixed to the positioning plate.

[0014] The leaf root shell is a cylindrical structure, and the head shell gradually expands outward from the root to form an open structure.

[0015] The root shell of the wind turbine blade is equipped with a control unit. The wind pressure detection component is connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to output a drive signal to the magnetic adjustment component when the wind pressure detection value reaches a preset proportional threshold.

[0016] When the wind pressure detection component reaches a preset threshold value, the control unit energizes the electromagnetic coil to generate magnetic force, thereby driving the head shell to rotate relative to the ground through the magnetic force adjustment component.

[0017] The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The blades in this invention adopt a root and head design, which eliminates the need for overall disassembly, making maintenance simpler and effectively reducing operation and maintenance costs; 2. The magnetic adjustment component used in this invention has no vulnerable parts, the gear linkage structure is stable, and it is resistant to seawater corrosion and strong wind vibration. The core components are not easily damaged, which can extend the overall service life. 3. The wind pressure meter in this invention monitors the wind pressure in real time. When the wind pressure exceeds the threshold by 90%, the magnetic adjustment component automatically drives the blades to rotate and adjust their attitude to reduce wind resistance, thus avoiding blade overload damage under sudden sea conditions. 4. This invention enables the wind turbine blades to rotate automatically by installing thin-film solar panels on the top of the wind turbine's central nacelle, thereby reducing wind resistance without relying on external energy sources. This reduces energy consumption, avoids the risk of power supply failures, and balances economy and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] This manual includes the following figures, which illustrate the following: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine blades; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic adjustment component; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gear linkage structure. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the thin-film solar panels on the top of the cabin; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the location of each component; The components are marked as follows: 1. Root casing, 2. Head casing, 3. Fan casing, 4. Magnetic adjustment assembly, 5. Windward side of casing, 6. Leeward side of casing, 7. Pressure gauge, 8. Sealing ring, 9. Gear linkage structure, 10. Reinforcing rib, 11. Electromagnetic relay, 12. Control unit, 13. Positioning plate, 14. Electromagnetic coil, 15. Mounting support, 16. Electromagnet, 17. Insulating component, 18. Shock-absorbing spring, 19. Spring base, 20. Center gear, 21. Internal gear, 22. Tooth groove, 23. Thin-film solar panel, 24. Cabin top. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and to facilitate its implementation.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device, including a magnetic adjustment component 4 disposed inside the wind turbine blade casing and a wind pressure detection component disposed on the wind turbine blade casing. The wind turbine blade casing includes a root casing 1 and a head casing 2 that are rotatably connected to each other. The magnetic adjustment component 4 is connected to the internal structure of the head casing 2. The wind pressure detection component is used to detect the wind pressure at the wind turbine blade casing and output a control signal to the control unit 12. When the magnetic adjustment component 4 receives a drive signal from the control unit 12, it can drive the head casing 2 to rotate relative to the root casing 1 through magnetic force, thereby changing the windward angle of the blade.

[0021] Specifically, the electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device of the present invention can effectively reduce the wind resistance generated on the blades under severe sea conditions, thereby protecting the wind turbine blades and extending their service life.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device of this embodiment of the invention also includes a power supply component. The power supply component includes a thin-film solar panel 23 disposed outside the wind turbine nacelle. The thin-film solar panel 23 is installed on the top 24 of the wind turbine nacelle and is electrically connected to the control unit 12. The thin-film solar panel 23 is used to supply power to the magnetic force adjustment component 4 and the wind pressure detection component.

[0023] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the wind pressure detection assembly includes multiple wind pressure gauges 7 installed on the windward and leeward sides of the wind turbine blade housing. The bottom opening of each wind pressure gauge 7 is connected to the inside of the wind turbine blade housing, and a circumferential sealing ring 8 is provided between the wind pressure gauge 7 and the wind turbine blade housing. The sealing ring 8 plays a sealing role to ensure the accuracy of the detection results.

[0024] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the wind turbine blade casing is divided into two parts: a root casing 1 and a head casing 2. The root casing 1 is slightly shorter than the head casing 2. The root casing 1 is connected to the tower. The connection between the root casing 1 and the head casing 2 is rotatable. A gear linkage structure 9 is provided between the root casing 1 and the head casing 2. The gear linkage structure 9 includes a central gear 20 and multiple circumferentially distributed internal gears 21 meshing with it. The central gear 20 is fixedly connected to the internal reinforcing structure of the head casing 2, and the internal gears 21 mesh with the tooth grooves 22 provided on the inner wall of the root casing 1. The central gear 20 is located inside the head casing 2, at the central axis of the head casing 2, and is fixedly connected to the internal reinforcing structure inside the head casing 2, so that the central gear 20 and the blade head rotate synchronously. Multiple internal gears 21 are provided, and all internal gears 21 are evenly distributed circumferentially outside the central gear 20. The internal gears 21 mesh with the central gear 20 and simultaneously mesh with the tooth grooves 22 on the inner wall of the root casing 1. The inner wall of the root outer shell 1 is continuously machined in the circumferential direction to form a toothed groove 22, which is used as a fixed toothed ring to form a meshing pair with the internal gear 21.

[0025] The magnetic adjustment component 4 works in conjunction with the gear linkage structure 9. When the central gear 20 undergoes angular displacement under the drive of the magnetic adjustment component 4, multiple internal gears 21 rotate planetarily around the central gear 20 under the constraint of the tooth grooves 22. This enables the head shell 2 to generate a stable and controllable rotational motion relative to the root shell 1. Since multiple internal gears 21 engage simultaneously, the gear linkage structure 9 can provide a uniform force transmission path when the blade is subjected to large wind loads, improve the torque bearing capacity of angle adjustment, and reduce structural wear caused by off-center loading, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the blade's windward angle adjustment process.

[0026] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are three internal gears 21.

[0027] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the internal reinforcing structure of the head shell 2 includes reinforcing ribs 10 arranged along the length of the blades. Each reinforcing rib 10 has an electromagnet 16 with opposite magnetic polarities at both ends near the root shell 1. The axis of the central gear 20 is located between the two electromagnets 16, and the two electromagnets 16 have opposite magnetic polarities. When the central gear 20 rotates, it can drive the head shell 2 to rotate synchronously. The central gear 20 meshes with the root shell 1 through three internal gears 21.

[0028] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the magnetic adjustment assembly 4 includes two electromagnetic coils 14, which are arranged diagonally along the cross-section of the root housing 1. The axis of the root housing 1 is located between the two electromagnetic coils 14. The root housing 1, the head housing 2, and the central gear 20 are coaxially arranged. The electromagnetic coils 14 are fixed on the mounting bracket 15, which is fixedly installed inside the root housing 1. The mounting bracket 15 is provided with a positioning plate 13 for limiting the position of the electromagnetic coils 14, and the positioning plate 13 is connected to the reinforcing rib 10 through an insulating member 17. The insulating member 17 is used to electrically isolate the electromagnet 16 from the surrounding metal structure and to prevent magnetic field interference with nearby mechanisms.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a damping spring 18 is provided on one side of the electromagnetic coil 14. The damping spring 18 is positioned between the positioning plate 13 and the reinforcing rib 10. The bottom end of the damping spring 18 is fixed to the spring base 19, which is located inside the root housing 1 and fixed to the positioning plate 13. The spring base 19 is used to limit the axial position of the damping spring 18, ensuring that the spring maintains a stable working direction during compression and rebound. The damping spring 18 is in a natural deformation state when not energized, and does not apply additional force to the reinforcing rib 10, only providing the restoring force required for return to its original position after the electromagnetic force disappears.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the reinforcing rib 10 is fixed to the front end of the head shell 2 to enhance the mechanical strength of the blade tip and bear the additional load from the magnetic structure. Electromagnets 16 are fixedly connected to both ends of the reinforcing rib 10. The electromagnets 16 are configured with the same polarity as the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 14 to generate a repulsive force when energized. The positioning plate 13 is a ring-shaped structure made of insulating material, and a mounting bracket 15 is fixed on the positioning plate 13. The mounting bracket 15 supports and positions the electromagnetic coil 14, ensuring a stable coaxial relative position between the electromagnetic coil 14 and the electromagnet 16. The positioning plate 13 not only ensures the stability of the coil position but also prevents unnecessary attraction or short-circuit effects from the coil's magnetic field on the blade structure.

[0031] Electromagnetic coil 14 is electrically connected to electromagnetic relay 11, and the control sub-port of electromagnetic relay 11 is connected to control unit 12. Control unit 12 receives wind force data from wind pressure detection component. When the detected wind force exceeds a set threshold, control unit 12 sends a conduction signal to electromagnetic relay 11, energizing electromagnetic coil 14 to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field of electromagnetic coil 14 and electromagnet 16 form a repulsive force between their poles, thereby pushing reinforcing rib 10 to produce angular displacement. Reinforcing rib 10 is connected to central gear 20, which drives the head shell 2 to rotate synchronously, changing the windward angle of the head shell 2 to reduce the wind resistance on the blade front. When the wind force drops below the set threshold, control unit 12 controls electromagnetic relay 11 to disconnect the power supply to electromagnetic coil 14, causing electromagnetic coil 14 to stop working. At this time, damping spring 18, through the elastic force of its body, pushes reinforcing rib 10 back to its original position, restoring the head shell 2 to its normal windward angle.

[0032] Through the above-described structural combination, the magnetic adjustment component 4 of this embodiment can automatically adjust the blade's windward angle under high wind pressure conditions, reducing the blade's wind resistance, and automatically restore the original angle after the wind force decreases, thus achieving dynamic adjustment of the blade angle. This structure requires no additional mechanical drive device and has advantages such as fast response speed, high control precision, and simple and reliable structure.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the root outer shell 1 is a cylindrical structure, and the head outer shell 2 gradually expands outward from the root to form an open structure.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, a control unit 12 is provided inside the root shell 1 of the wind turbine blade shell. The wind pressure detection component is connected to the control unit 12. The control unit 12 is used to output a drive signal to the magnetic force adjustment component 4 when the wind pressure detection value reaches a preset proportional threshold. When the detection value of the wind pressure detection component reaches the preset proportional condition of the set threshold, the control unit 12 energizes the electromagnetic coil 14 to generate magnetic force, thereby driving the head shell 2 to complete relative rotation through the magnetic force adjustment component 4.

[0035] When the wind turbine blades are in normal condition, if the wind turbine encounters strong winds and the pressure gauge 7 on the wind turbine blade casing exceeds 90% of the threshold, the pressure gauge 7 will transmit a signal to the control unit 12. The control unit 12 controls the electromagnetic relay 11, which causes the electromagnetic coil 14 to generate magnetic force. The magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil 14 is the same as the magnetic force of the electromagnet 16 on the nearest reinforcing rib 10. Since the positioning plate 13 is an insulator, there is no mutual influence. At this time, due to the repulsive force, the repulsive force can push the head casing 2 to rotate, thereby changing the windward angle of the head casing 2. This can effectively reduce the wind resistance on the head casing 2 and protect the wind turbine blades. When the wind force decreases, the magnetic force adjustment component 4 stops operating. At this time, the spring pushes the reinforcing rib 10 back to its original position, the head casing 2 returns to its initial state, and the wind turbine blades operate normally. In addition, the power used by the magnetic force adjustment component 4 and the pressure gauge 7 on the wind turbine surface is supplied by the thin-film battery panel on the top 24 of the nacelle, forming a closed loop without the need for additional power supply.

[0036] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution; or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic drag reduction device for offshore wind turbine blades, characterized in that, It includes a magnetic force adjustment component disposed inside the wind turbine blade housing and a wind pressure detection component disposed on the wind turbine blade housing; The wind turbine blade housing includes a root housing and a head housing that are rotatably connected to each other, and the magnetic adjustment assembly is connected to the internal structure of the head housing; The wind pressure detection component is used to detect the wind pressure at the wind turbine blade casing and output a control signal to the control unit. When the magnetic force adjustment component receives a drive signal from the control unit, it can drive the head casing to rotate relative to the root casing through magnetic force, thereby changing the windward angle of the blade.

2. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply component, which includes a thin-film solar panel disposed outside the wind turbine nacelle. The thin-film solar panel is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to supply power to the magnetic force adjustment component and the wind pressure detection component.

3. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind pressure detection assembly includes multiple wind pressure gauges installed on the windward and leeward sides of the wind turbine blade casing. The bottom opening of each wind pressure gauge is connected to the inside of the blade casing, and a circumferential sealing ring is provided between the wind pressure gauge and the casing.

4. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A gear linkage structure is provided between the root shell and the head shell. The gear linkage structure includes a central gear and a plurality of circumferentially distributed internal gears meshing with it. The central gear is fixedly connected to the internal reinforcing structure of the head shell, and the internal gears mesh with the tooth grooves provided on the inner wall of the root shell.

5. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The internal reinforcing structure of the head shell includes reinforcing ribs arranged along the length of the blade, and electromagnets with opposite magnetic polarities are respectively provided at both ends of the reinforcing ribs near the root shell.

6. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The magnetic force adjustment assembly includes at least two electromagnetic coils arranged diagonally along the blade cross section. The electromagnetic coils are fixed on a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is provided with a positioning plate for limiting the position of the electromagnetic coils. The positioning plate is connected to the reinforcing rib by an insulating component.

7. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A shock-absorbing spring is provided on one side of the electromagnetic coil. The shock-absorbing spring is located between the positioning plate and the reinforcing rib. The bottom end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixed to the spring base, and the spring base is fixed to the positioning plate.

8. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The leaf root shell is a cylindrical structure, and the head shell gradually expands outward from the root to form an open structure.

9. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The root shell of the wind turbine blade is equipped with a control unit. The wind pressure detection component is connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to output a drive signal to the magnetic adjustment component when the wind pressure detection value reaches a preset proportional threshold.

10. The electromagnetic drag reduction offshore wind turbine blade device according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the wind pressure detection component reaches a preset threshold value, the control unit energizes the electromagnetic coil to generate magnetic force, thereby driving the head shell to rotate relative to the ground through the magnetic force adjustment component.

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