A gap compensation structure of a small motor impeller and a wind cover and an assembling method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of motor technology and discloses a gap compensation structure and assembly method for a small motor impeller and shroud. It solves the problems of existing small motors where the gap between the impeller and shroud is not self-adjustable, prone to scratching and interference, has poor heat dissipation, low assembly precision, and insufficient long-term operational stability. The invention includes a shroud with a connecting flange fixed to its front end. A first mating plate and a second mating plate are bolted to one side of the connecting flange and fixed to the rear end of the motor housing. A dustproof net is fixed to the rear opening of the shroud. A drive shaft passes through the shroud, and its front end is fixed to the motor rotor via a coupling. The impeller is connected to the outside of the drive shaft via a compensation component. This invention effectively avoids problems such as impeller-shroud scratching, abnormal noise, and airflow attenuation. It has advantages such as good compensation effect, high assembly precision, stable operation, and long service life, and is suitable for various types of small heat-dissipating motors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor technology, specifically a gap compensation structure and assembly method for a small motor impeller and shroud. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of a small motor, a stable and reasonable clearance needs to be maintained between the impeller and the shroud. Under actual working conditions, the motor rotor and impeller will undergo thermal expansion and contraction deformation due to heat generated during operation. At the same time, affected by factors such as machining dimensional errors, assembly coaxiality deviations, and long-term wear, the clearance between the impeller and the shroud is prone to abnormal changes.

[0003] Existing traditional structures mostly use rigid fixed assembly methods or only simple elastic supports, which generally have the following problems:

[0004] 1. It cannot simultaneously achieve adaptive compensation for clearance in both radial and axial dimensions, which can easily lead to problems such as scratching, abnormal noise, and wear when the clearance is too small, or insufficient airflow and low heat dissipation efficiency when the clearance is too large.

[0005] 2. Poor assembly positioning accuracy and lack of reliable internal locking mechanism; long-term operation may lead to loosening and displacement, resulting in compensation failure.

[0006] 3. The assembly process is complex and coaxiality correction is difficult, which is not conducive to mass production and rapid on-site assembly and maintenance.

[0007] Therefore, developing a small motor impeller and fan cover gap compensation structure that can automatically compensate for thermal expansion and contraction and assembly errors, and that is reliable in locking, easy to assemble, and highly stable has important engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a gap compensation structure and assembly method for a small motor impeller and a fan cover, which effectively solves the problems of non-adaptive adjustment of the gap between the impeller and the fan cover of the existing small motor, easy scratching and interference, poor heat dissipation, low assembly accuracy, and insufficient long-term operation stability in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a gap compensation structure and assembly method for a small motor impeller and a fan shroud, comprising a fan shroud, wherein a connecting flange is fixed to the front end of the fan shroud, and a first mating plate and a second mating plate are bolted to one side of the connecting flange. The first mating plate and the second mating plate are fixed to the rear end of the motor housing by bolts. A dustproof net is fixed to the rear opening of the fan shroud. A drive shaft is installed inside the fan shroud, and the front end of the drive shaft is fixed to the motor rotor by a coupling. The impeller is connected to the outside of the drive shaft by a compensation component. The compensation component compensates for the radial and axial gaps of the drive shaft and the impeller due to thermal expansion and contraction. The rotation of the drive shaft drives the impeller to rotate, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the motor.

[0010] The drive shaft has a front retaining ring and a rear retaining ring fixed on its surface. The drive shaft has a locking assembly inside. An adjusting wheel is located at the end of the drive shaft near the dust screen. The adjusting wheel has four through holes, and the end face of the drive shaft near the dust screen has four threaded holes. Bolts pass through the through holes and are locked in the threaded holes to position the adjusting wheel. The adjusting wheel is connected to the locking assembly. Rotating the adjusting wheel can lock the drive shaft, impeller, and compensation assembly by using the locking assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the compensation component includes a rear positioning ring and a front positioning ring sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft. The front retaining ring and the rear retaining ring axially limit the installation position of the rear positioning ring and the front positioning ring. Four positioning rods are fixed on the circumferential surface of the rear positioning ring. The impeller is sleeved on the outside of the four positioning rods. Damping buffer pads are sleeved between the positioning rods, the impeller and the rear positioning ring, so that radial clearance compensation can be performed when the impeller is affected by thermal expansion and contraction and eccentricity.

[0012] Preferably, four support arms are fixed on the circumferential surface of the front positioning ring, and a rotating ring is fixed between one end of the four support arms; a groove is opened on the inner wall of the hood, the rotating ring is located inside the groove, and a movable ring is provided on both sides of the groove; four slots are opened on the inner walls of both sides of the groove, and four insert rods are fixed equidistantly on the side of the two movable rings that are far apart from each other, and the insert rods are movably inserted into the corresponding slots.

[0013] Preferably, both sides of the rotating ring are fixed with slip rings, and the two moving rings are provided with sliding grooves on the side where they are close to each other. The two slip rings are slidably installed inside the two sliding grooves, so that the rotating ring can rotate and float axially. Each slot is provided with a buffer spring, and the two ends of the buffer spring are fixed to the inner wall of the insertion rod and one end of the slot, respectively. The surface of the insertion rod near the moving ring is provided with a damping buffer sleeve, so that the axial clearance can be compensated when the drive shaft and impeller are affected by thermal expansion and contraction and axial movement.

[0014] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a first screw fixedly installed on one side of the adjusting wheel, one end of the first screw passing through the inside of the drive shaft and fixed to a second screw via a connecting rod; a threaded sleeve is fixed to the end of the drive shaft away from the coupling, and the first screw is threaded through the threaded sleeve; two push heads are rotatably mounted on the surface of the connecting rod via bearings, a threaded cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of one end of the drive shaft, and one end of the second screw is threadedly connected to the inside of the threaded cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the drive shaft surface is provided with eight through holes, and a locking rod is movably inserted into each hole; four slots are provided in both the rear and front positioning rings, and the locking rods are adapted to the slots; a contact head is fixed at the end of the locking rod near the pushing head, and the contact head is in close contact with the pushing head; a telescopic spring is sleeved on the surface of the locking rod, and the two ends of the telescopic spring are fixed to the contact head and the inner wall of the drive shaft, respectively; two guide blocks are symmetrically fixed on the surface of the pushing head, and four guide grooves are provided in the inner wall of the drive shaft, and the guide blocks are slidably installed in the guide grooves to ensure linear movement of the pushing head and prevent deflection.

[0016] An assembly method for the above-mentioned gap compensation structure includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Fix the first mating plate to the rear end of the motor housing, and fix the fan cover to the first mating plate through the connecting flange. The second mating plate is not installed for the time being, so as to reserve operating space for coupling mating.

[0018] S2. Insert the drive shaft into the inside of the windshield and insert the drive shaft into the front positioning ring, so that the front retaining ring is close to the front positioning ring.

[0019] S3. Connect the drive shaft to the motor rotor using a coupling, and fix the second coupling plate to the rear end of the motor housing, while also fixing it to the connecting flange;

[0020] S4. Fit the impeller onto the drive shaft and make the rear locating ring fit tightly against the rear retaining ring;

[0021] S5. Rotate the adjusting wheel to make the first screw and the screw sleeve and the second screw and the threaded cylinder cooperate to feed, push the push head to move, so that the locking rod extends and is locked into the locking groove. After completion, the positioning ring and the front positioning ring are locked.

[0022] S6. Pass the bolt through the hole on the adjusting wheel and screw it into the screw hole to achieve positioning and prevent loosening of the adjusting wheel;

[0023] S7. Secure the dustproof net to the opening at the rear end of the fan cover to complete the overall assembly.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) During operation, the impeller can float radially through the positioning rod and the damping buffer pad, which can automatically compensate for thermal expansion, eccentricity and assembly errors, and avoid scratching;

[0026] (2) During operation, axial elastic compensation is achieved through moving rings, buffer springs, and damping buffer sleeves to counteract axial movement and thermal expansion.

[0027] (3) During operation, the external adjustment wheel drives the internal pushing and locking structure, and the positioning ring is locked with one click, which ensures high assembly accuracy and reliable anti-loosening.

[0028] (4) It integrates radial compensation, axial compensation, precise positioning and rapid assembly, with a compact structure, stable operation and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0030] In the attached diagram:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the clearance compensation structure between the impeller and the shroud of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of the clearance compensation structure between the impeller and the shroud of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an internal schematic diagram of the clearance compensation structure between the impeller and the shroud of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive shaft of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller and drive shaft structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support arm and moving ring structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Fan cover; 2. Connecting flange; 3. Dustproof net; 4. First mating plate; 5. Second mating plate; 6. Impeller; 7. Drive shaft; 8. Coupling; 9. Adjusting wheel; 10. Front retaining ring; 11. Rear retaining ring; 12. Positioning rod; 13. Damping buffer pad; 14. Rear positioning ring; 15. Front positioning ring; 16. Support arm; 17. Rotating ring; 18. Slip ring; 19. Moving ring; 20. Slide groove; 21. Ring groove; 22. Slot; 23. Insert rod; 24. Buffer spring; 25. Damping buffer sleeve; 26. Slot; 27. Insertion hole; 28. Locking rod; 29. ​​First screw; 30. Screw sleeve; 31. Through hole; 32. Push head; 33. Second screw; 34. Threaded cylinder; 35. Guide block; 36. Guide groove; 37. Telescopic spring; 38. Contact head; 39. Screw hole. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention includes a fan cover 1, with a flange 2 fixedly connected to the front end of the fan cover 1. The flange 2 is fixed to the motor housing via a first mating plate 4 and a second mating plate 5. A dustproof net 3 is fixed to the rear end of the fan cover 1. A drive shaft 7 is inserted inside the fan cover 1 and is connected to the motor rotor via a coupling 8. An impeller 6 is connected to the outside of the drive shaft 7 via a compensation component. The surface of the drive shaft 7 is provided with a front retaining ring 10 and a rear retaining ring 11, and a locking component is provided inside. An adjusting wheel 9 is provided at the end, and rotating the adjusting wheel 9 realizes overall assembly locking.

[0041] Depend on Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 The compensation assembly includes a rear positioning ring 14 and a front positioning ring 15, which are sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft 7 and axially limited by the front retaining ring 10 and the rear retaining ring 11; the rear positioning ring 14 fixes four positioning rods 12, and the impeller 6 is sleeved on the outside of the positioning rods 12; a damping buffer pad 13 is provided between the positioning rods 12, the impeller 6, and the rear positioning ring 14 to realize the radial floating of the impeller and thermal expansion gap compensation.

[0042] The front positioning ring 15 is connected to the rotating ring 17 via the support arm 16; the inner wall of the wind cover 1 has a ring groove 21, and the rotating ring 17 is placed in the ring groove 21; movable rings 19 are provided on both sides of the ring groove 21, and the movable rings 19 are movably inserted into the slot 22 via the insertion rod 23 to form an axial floating support.

[0043] Slip rings 18 are provided on both sides of the rotating ring 17, and a sliding groove 20 is provided on the inner side of the moving ring 19. The slip rings 18 are slidably installed in the sliding groove 20, so that the rotating ring 17 can rotate and move axially.

[0044] The slot 22 is equipped with a buffer spring 24, and the insertion rod 23 is fitted with a damping buffer sleeve 25 to achieve axial elastic buffering and clearance compensation, thereby counteracting thermal expansion and axial movement.

[0045] Depend on Figure 3 and Figure 4 The locking assembly includes an adjusting wheel 9, which can drive the first screw 29 and the second screw 33 to rotate. Under the cooperation of the screw sleeve 30 and the threaded cylinder 34, the adjusting wheel 9 pushes the push head 32 to move axially, providing driving force for the snap-locking.

[0046] The push head 32 presses against the contact head 38, causing the locking rod 28 to extend along the insertion hole 27 and engage with the slot 26 of the rear positioning ring 14 and the front positioning ring 15, thereby achieving a rigid lock between the positioning ring and the drive shaft; the telescopic spring 37 is used to drive the locking rod 28 to retract when unlocking.

[0047] The guide block 35 of the push head 32 is slidably installed in the guide groove 36, which restricts the circumferential rotation of the push head 32, ensures linear motion, and makes the locking rod 28 extend smoothly and lock reliably.

[0048] An assembly method for a gap compensation structure between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Fix the first docking plate 4 to the rear end of the motor housing, and fix the fan cover 1 through the connecting flange 2. The second docking plate 5 is not installed for the time being.

[0050] S2. Insert the drive shaft 7 into the shroud 1, so that the front retaining ring 10 is close to the front positioning ring 15.

[0051] S3. Connect the drive shaft 7 to the motor rotor using the coupling 8, and install and fix the second mating plate 5.

[0052] S4, the impeller 6 and the rear positioning ring 14 are fitted together so that the rear positioning ring 14 is tightly attached to the rear retaining ring 11;

[0053] S5. Rotate the adjusting wheel 9 to make the pushing head 32 push the locking rod 28 into the slot 26 to complete the positioning and locking;

[0054] S6. Fix the adjusting wheel 9 to the end face of the drive shaft 7 with bolts to prevent loosening;

[0055] S7. Install dustproof net 3 to complete the overall assembly.

[0056] During normal operation, the motor rotor drives the drive shaft 7 to rotate via the coupling 8. Under the locking action of the locking assembly, the drive shaft 7 drives the front positioning ring 15, the rear positioning ring 14, the positioning rod 12, and the impeller 6 to rotate synchronously at high speed. The rotation of the impeller 6 generates axial airflow, which quickly dissipates the heat generated inside the motor through the fan shroud 1, achieving continuous heat dissipation. During this process, the front positioning ring 15 drives the rotating ring 17 to rotate within the ring groove 21 of the fan shroud 1 via the support arm 16. The slip ring 18 and the slip groove 20 form a sliding fit, ensuring smooth rotation while reserving space for axial displacement. Together with the moving ring 19, the insert rod 23, the buffer spring 24, and the damping buffer sleeve 25, they form axial elastic support, allowing the drive shaft 7 and the impeller 6 to float slightly axially when they expand due to heat or vibrate, automatically offsetting the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction and operating vibration, maintaining a stable axial clearance between the impeller 6 and the fan shroud 1, and avoiding rigid collisions and axial scraping.

[0057] When the impeller 6 expands radially due to temperature rise, or when radial eccentricity occurs due to assembly or machining errors, the damping buffer pad 13, which is sleeved between the positioning rod 12, the impeller 6, and the rear positioning ring 14, will generate corresponding elastic deformation, providing radial floating margin for the impeller 6, realizing adaptive compensation of radial clearance, and preventing the outer edge of the impeller 6 from scraping, interfering with, or abnormally wearing against the inner wall of the shroud 1. At the same time, after assembly, the adjusting wheel 9 drives the first screw 29 and the second screw 33 to rotate and feed, pushing the push head 32 to squeeze the contact head 38, causing the locking rod 28 to extend and lock into the locking groove 26 of the front positioning ring 15 and the rear positioning ring 14, forming a reliable internal locking structure. With the guiding and limiting effect of the guide block 35 and the guide groove 36, the transmission is reliable, does not loosen, and does not deviate during long-term operation, so that the entire clearance compensation structure always maintains a stable working state.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gap compensation structure and assembly method for a small motor impeller and a fan shroud, comprising a fan shroud (1), characterized in that: The front end of the shroud (1) is fixed with a connecting flange (2), and one side of the connecting flange (2) is connected with a first mating plate (4) and a second mating plate (5) by bolts. The first mating plate (4) and the second mating plate (5) can be fixed to the rear end of the motor housing by bolts. A dustproof net (3) is fixed at the opening at the rear end of the shroud (1). A drive shaft (7) is installed inside the shroud (1). The front end of the drive shaft (7) can be fixed to the motor rotor by a coupling (8). An impeller (6) is connected to the outside of the drive shaft (7) by a compensation component. The compensation component can compensate for the gap between the thermal expansion and contraction of the drive shaft (7) and the impeller (6). The rotation of the drive shaft (7) can drive the impeller (6) to rotate, thereby dissipating the heat inside the motor. The drive shaft (7) is fixed with a front retaining ring (10) and a rear retaining ring (11). The drive shaft (7) is equipped with a locking assembly. The end of the drive shaft (7) near the dustproof net (3) is equipped with an adjusting wheel (9). The adjusting wheel (9) has four through holes (31). The end face of the drive shaft (7) near the dustproof net (3) has four screw holes (39). The bolt can pass through the through holes (31) and lock in the screw holes (39) to position the adjusting wheel (9). The adjusting wheel (9) is connected to the locking assembly. When the adjusting wheel (9) rotates, the locking assembly can be used to assemble and lock the drive shaft (7), impeller (6) and compensation assembly.

2. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation assembly includes a rear positioning ring (14) and a front positioning ring (15) sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft (7). The front retaining ring (10) and the rear retaining ring (11) can limit the installation position of the rear positioning ring (14) and the front positioning ring (15). Four positioning rods (12) are fixed on the circumferential surface of the rear positioning ring (14). The impeller (6) is sleeved between the four positioning rods (12). Damping buffer pads (13) are sleeved between the positioning rods (12), the impeller (6) and the rear positioning ring (14), so that the impeller (6) can be compensated for radial clearance when it is affected by thermal expansion and contraction.

3. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front positioning ring (15) has four support arms (16) fixed on its circumference. A rotating ring (17) is fixed between one end of the four support arms (16). The inner wall of the wind cover (1) is provided with a ring groove (21). The rotating ring (17) is located inside the ring groove (21). There are moving rings (19) on both sides inside the ring groove (21). There are four slots (22) on the inner walls of both sides of the ring groove (21). There are four insert rods (23) fixed at equal distances in a ring on the side of the two moving rings (19) that are far apart from each other. The insert rods (23) are movably inserted into the corresponding slots (22).

4. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the rotating ring (17) are fixed with slip rings (18), and the two moving rings (19) are provided with grooves (20) on the side that are close to each other. The two slip rings (18) are slidably installed inside the two grooves (20).

5. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each slot (22) is equipped with a buffer spring (24). Both ends of the buffer spring (24) are fixed to the inner wall of one end of the insertion rod (23) and the slot (22), respectively. The surface of the insertion rod (23) near the moving ring (19) is fitted with a damping buffer sleeve (25) so that the axial clearance can be compensated when the transmission shaft (7) is affected by thermal expansion and contraction.

6. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a first screw (29) fixedly installed on one side of the adjusting wheel (9). One end of the first screw (29) passes through the interior of the drive shaft (7) and is fixed with a second screw (33) via a connecting rod. A threaded sleeve (30) is fixed to the end of the drive shaft (7) away from the coupling (8). The first screw (29) is threaded through the threaded sleeve (30). Two push heads (32) are rotatably mounted on the surface of the connecting rod via bearings. A threaded cylinder (34) is fixed to the inner wall of one end of the drive shaft (7). One end of the second screw (33) is threadedly connected to the interior of the threaded cylinder (34).

7. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the drive shaft (7) is provided with eight through holes (27), and each through hole (27) is provided with a locking rod (28). The rear positioning ring (14) and the front positioning ring (15) are provided with four slots (26). The locking rods (28) are adapted to the slots (26). The end of the locking rod (28) near the push head (32) is fixed with a contact head (38). The contact head (38) is close to the push head (32). The surface of the locking rod (28) is provided with a telescopic spring (37). The two ends of the telescopic spring (37) are fixed to the contact head (38) and the inner wall of the drive shaft (7) respectively.

8. The gap compensation structure and assembly method between a small motor impeller and a fan shroud according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two guide blocks (35) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the push head (32), and four guide grooves (36) are opened on the inner wall of the drive shaft (7). The guide blocks (35) are slidably installed inside the guide grooves (36).

9. A method for assembling the gap compensation structure between the impeller and the shroud of a small motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fix the first docking plate (4) to the rear end of the motor housing, and fix the fan cover (1) to the first docking plate (4) through the connecting flange (2). The second docking plate (5) is not installed for the time being, leaving an operation window for the coupling (8) to dock. S2. Insert the drive shaft (7) into the inside of the wind cover (1) and insert the drive shaft (7) into the front positioning ring (15) so that the front retaining ring (10) is close to the front positioning ring (15). S3. Connect the drive shaft (7) to the motor rotor through the coupling (8), and fix the second mating plate (5) to the rear end of the motor housing, and fix it to the connecting flange (2); S4. Place the impeller (6) onto the drive shaft (7) and make the rear positioning ring (14) fit tightly against the rear retaining ring (11). S5. Then rotate the adjusting wheel (9) to make the first screw (29) and the screw sleeve (30) and the second screw (33) and the threaded cylinder (34) cooperate to feed, push the push head (32) to move, so that the locking rod (28) extends and is locked into the locking groove (26), and the positioning ring (14) and the front positioning ring (15) are locked after completion. S6. Pass the bolt through the through hole (31) on the adjusting wheel (9) and screw it into the screw hole (39) to achieve positioning and anti-loosening of the adjusting wheel (9); S7. Fix the dustproof net (3) to the rear opening of the wind cover (1) to complete the overall assembly.

Images