A rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide, lanthanum cerium carbonate drying device and process

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of material drying technology, and discloses a drying device and process for rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate. The device includes a base with a volute on its top surface; a guide cone is installed inside the volute, and a main shaft is located on the top surface of the guide cone. A crushing mechanism is installed at the upper end of the main shaft; a drive mechanism is connected to the lower end of the main shaft; a drying cylinder is installed on the volute; a top cover is installed on the top surface of the drying cylinder, and a conical tube covering a light aperture is installed on the top cover. The small-diameter section of the conical tube is connected to a flared tube, and a grading shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the flared tube. A first motor is connected to the upper end of the grading shaft, and the first motor is connected to the conical tube via a motor connector; a classifier is connected to the lower end of the grading shaft, and the classifier is adapted to the light aperture; a discharge pipe is connected to the side wall of the conical tube. This application integrates drying, crushing, and grading functions. The grading blades can effectively separate materials of different particle sizes, improving grading accuracy and ensuring the drying quality and efficiency of rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material drying technology, and in particular to a drying apparatus and process for rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate. Background Technology

[0002] Lanthanum and cerium oxides, as important rare earth materials, are widely used in electronics, ceramics, catalysts, and other fields. Drying is a crucial step in their production to ensure product quality. Currently, the drying of lanthanum and cerium oxides and carbonates mainly employs traditional box drying, spray drying, or ordinary airflow drying methods. The rotary flash dryer is a vertical fluidized bed dryer with a pulverizing device, a rapid combined dryer capable of pulverizing and drying paste-like materials in a single operation. Hot air enters the pulverizing chamber through the annular gap at the bottom of the dryer. After pulverization, the material's contact surface area with the hot air increases. Simultaneously, during drying, it is further atomized through mechanical impact, centrifugal shearing, and friction pulverization. Qualified products are discharged from the top of the dryer under the entrainment of the rotating airflow.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN206146147U discloses a novel energy-saving composite flash dryer for pulverizing and drying various powdery, filter cake, viscous, and thin materials. It utilizes convective heat exchange drying instead of cyclone flash drying and heats the material on the drum wall through indirect heat exchange via a jacketed sleeve, solving the problem that the scraper inside the drum cannot effectively remove material adhering to the drum wall. However, this equipment lacks a built-in material particle size classification structure, and qualified particles cannot be separated in time. The finished product requires additional screening, and the overall drying and sorting integration performance is insufficient.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a drying device and process for rare earth lanthanum and cerium oxide and lanthanum and cerium carbonate has become an urgent need in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drying device and process for rare earth lanthanum and cerium oxide and lanthanum and cerium carbonate, which solves the problem mentioned in the background art that the existing flash drying equipment lacks a built-in particle size classification structure and cannot sort qualified materials online.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying device includes a base, a volute on the top surface of the base; a guide cone is installed inside the volute, the upper diameter of the guide cone is smaller than the lower diameter, a main shaft is connected to the top surface of the guide cone through a bushing, a crushing mechanism is installed at the upper end of the main shaft; the lower end of the main shaft extends to the cavity of the base and is connected to a driving mechanism; a drying cylinder is installed on the volute; a top cover is installed on the top surface of the drying cylinder, the top cover has a light hole in the center, a conical tube covering the light hole is installed on the top cover, the small diameter section of the conical tube is connected to a flared tube, the lower end of the flared tube is rotatably connected to a classifying shaft, the upper end of the classifying shaft is connected to a first motor, the first motor is connected to the upper port of the conical tube through a motor connecting seat; a classifier is connected to the lower end of the classifying shaft, the classifier is adapted to the light hole; a discharge pipe is connected to the side wall of the conical tube.

[0007] The inner bottom surface of the volute is connected to a second guide rod, and two second guide rods are symmetrically arranged. A cleaning cone is slidably connected to the second guide rod. The cleaning cone is driven by a third telescopic rod, which is connected to the base. The cleaning cone is a circular rotating part with a third through hole at its center. There is a gap between the third through hole and the main shaft. The inclined surface of the cleaning cone has eight grooves arranged at equal angles. The grooves are inclined upward and are arc-shaped. A cleaning rod is slidably connected to the groove. The side wall of the guide cone has inclined guide holes that slide and adapt to the cleaning rod, so that the cleaning rod is inclined downward.

[0008] The cleaning rod includes a ball-head connector that is adapted to a slide groove. A rod body is threaded onto the ball-head connector. The side wall of the rod body has air jet holes distributed at equal intervals. An end cap is connected to the upper end of the rod body. A purge air pipe is connected to the lower side wall of the rod body via a flexible hose. The purge air pipe is connected to the base.

[0009] A process using the aforementioned rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus includes the following steps: (a) Material feeding: Turn on the feeder and feed the lanthanum oxide and lanthanum carbonate materials to be dried into the drying device at a uniform speed; (ii) Heating and drying: Start the blower, blow in air and heat it by the heater. The hot airflow enters the drying device and comes into contact with the material. The airflow carrying water vapor and material particles is processed and then enters the cyclone separator and pulse bag dust collector in sequence. (III) Exhaust gas treatment and control: The purified exhaust gas is extracted and discharged by the induced draft fan. The temperature inside the cylinder, the negative pressure of the system, and the moisture content of the discharged material are monitored in real time, and the feeding rate, heating power and blower air volume are adjusted accordingly. The equipment is cleaned after each batch.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application integrates the tangential air intake of the volute, the step-by-step crushing of the crushing disc, the rotating sorting of the classifier, and the anti-clogging mechanism between the cleaning cone and the cleaning rod into a single device. The material is simultaneously dried, crushed, and classified within the drying cylinder. The spiral hot air path formed by the volute extends the gas-solid contact time, and with the adjustment of the air intake by the air regulating sleeve, the product moisture content is reduced to below 0.3%. The multi-layer crushing disc and trapezoidal crushing blades achieve step-by-step material refinement, and the classifying blades promptly separate and discharge qualified particles, while coarse particles fall back for further crushing, resulting in a first-pass finished product qualification rate of over 97%, eliminating the need for secondary screening. The cleaning cone drives the cleaning rod to reciprocate within the guide hole, and the air jet simultaneously blows, eliminating material accumulation in the gap between the guide cone and the drying cylinder, allowing for continuous operation for 72 hours without shutdown for cleaning. The second vortex plate is adjustable in height, both blocking large particles and scraping off material adhering to the cylinder wall. A circulating cooling water channel is installed inside the main shaft to control the shaft temperature, ensuring stable high-speed operation. The entire set of equipment integrates drying, crushing, grading, and unclogging. It operates continuously with minimal human intervention and is suitable for the industrial drying production of rare earth lanthanum and cerium oxide and lanthanum and cerium carbonate. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of this application.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of this application.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the flared pipe.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the volute.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the crushing mechanism.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the crushing mechanism.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the drive mechanism.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the drying cylinder.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drying cylinder.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first baffle.

[0021] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the first baffle.

[0022] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the main sectional structure of the air regulating sleeve.

[0023] Figure 13 This is a side view cross-sectional structural diagram of the first guide rod.

[0024] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the blind hole.

[0025] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the second shaft cover.

[0026] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the first shaft cover.

[0027] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the second swirl plate.

[0028] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the second through hole.

[0029] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the main sectional structure of the cleaning rod.

[0030] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the blockage clearing cone.

[0031] Figure 21 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a blockage clearing cone.

[0032] Figure 22 This is a flow chart of the drying process.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support leg; 3. Through-hole; 4. Volute; 5. Guide cone; 6. Bushing; 7. Main shaft; 8. Crushing mechanism; 9. Drive mechanism; 10. Drying cylinder; 11. Top cover; 12. Clear hole; 13. Conical tube; 14. Flared tube; 15. Classifying shaft; 16. First motor; 17. Motor connecting seat; 18. Classifier; 19. Discharge pipe; 20. Straight section; 21. Cylindrical section; 22. Baffle plate; 23. Circular hole; 24. Knife 25. Disc base; 26. Crushing disc; 27. Throwing cone cap; 28. Feed chute; 29. ​​Crushing blade; 30. Shaft cylinder; 31. First bearing; 32. First pulley; 33. Belt; 34. Second pulley; 35. Second motor; 36. Bearing housing; 37. First through hole; 38. First pipe section; 39. Second pipe section; 40. Third pipe section; 41. Feed pipe; 42. Inspection port; 43. Stud; 44. Claw bolt; 45. Sight glass cover; 46. Connecting lug; 46. ​​Sight glass cover; 47. Sight glass; 48. First swirl plate; 49. Upper classifying plate; 50. Material hole; 51. Classifying blades; 52. Lower classifying plate; 53. Guide cone; 54. Air adjusting sleeve; 55. First guide rod; 56. First telescopic rod; 57. Blind hole; 58. First shaft cover; 59. Water outlet; 60. Sealed bearing; 61. Second shaft cover; 62. Water outlet pipe; 63. Cooling water pipe; 64. Second telescopic rod; 65. Second swirl plate; 6 6. Second through hole; 67. Second guide rod; 68. Unblocking cone; 69. Third telescopic rod; 70. Third through hole; 71. Slide groove; 72. Cleaning rod; 73. Guide hole; 74. Ball head connector; 75. Rod body; 76. Air jet hole; 77. End cap; 78. Hose; 79. Purge air pipe; 80. Blower; 81. Heater; 82. Feeder; 83. Drying device; 84. Cyclone separator; 85. Pulse bag filter; 86. Exhaust fan. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” “sixth,” “seventh,” “eighth,” “ninth,” and “tenth” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figure 1-3As shown in Embodiment 1, a rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying device 83 includes a base 1 with four legs 2 on its bottom surface. The base 1 has a rectangular cavity structure, and a through-hole 3 on its side. A volute 4 is bolted to the top surface of the base 1. A guide cone 5 is installed inside the volute 4, with the upper diameter of the guide cone 5 being smaller than the lower diameter. A main shaft 7 is connected to the top surface of the guide cone 5 via a bushing 6. A crushing mechanism 8 is installed on the upper end of the main shaft 7. The lower end of the main shaft 7 extends into the cavity of the base 1 and is connected to a drive mechanism 9. A drying cylinder is installed on the volute 4. The drying cylinder 10 has a top cover 11 mounted on its top surface. The top cover 11 has a light hole 12 at its center. A conical tube 13 covering the light hole 12 is mounted on the top cover 11. The small-diameter section of the conical tube 13 is connected to a flared tube 14. The lower end of the flared tube 14 is rotatably connected to a classifying shaft 15. The upper end of the classifying shaft 15 is connected to a first motor 16, which is connected to the upper port of the conical tube 13 via a motor connector 17. The lower end of the classifying shaft 15 is connected to a classifier 18, which is adapted to the light hole 12. A discharge pipe 19 is connected to the side wall of the conical tube 13. The technical problem it solves is that traditional drying devices cannot achieve integrated drying, pulverizing, and classifying of rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate. Motion Process: The drive mechanism 9 drives the main shaft 7 to rotate, and the crushing mechanism 8 at the upper end of the main shaft 7 crushes the material entering the drying cylinder 10; the hot air inside the volute 4 flows upward, carrying the crushed material upward; the classifier 18 rotates under the drive of the classifying shaft 15, classifying the rising material. Material that meets the particle size requirements is discharged through the conical tube 13 and the discharge pipe 19, while material that does not meet the requirements falls back to the crushing mechanism 8 for further crushing. Beneficial Effects: This application integrates drying, crushing, and classification functions, improving the drying quality and efficiency of rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate; the coordinated work of each component enables continuous material processing.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the volute 4 is snail-shaped. The inner cavity of the volute 4 consists of a straight segment 20 and a cylindrical segment 21. The straight segment 20 is located tangentially to the cylindrical segment 21, causing the hot air to form a spiral upward path. The edge of the cylindrical inner cavity of the volute 4 is inclined. The air inlet of the volute 4 has a baffle 22 for injecting hot air. The top surface of the cylindrical segment 21 of the volute 4 has a circular hole 23 for installing the drying cylinder 10. Beneficial effects: The spiral hot air path prolongs the residence time of the hot air in the device, increases the contact area with the material, and improves the heat utilization rate and drying uniformity. The baffle 22 at the air inlet of the volute 4 can stabilize the air intake, and the inclined design of the edge of the cylindrical inner cavity helps the hot air to flow smoothly.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the crushing mechanism 8 includes a cutter head seat 24, with at least two cutter head seats 24. A crushing disc 25 is fixed to the cutter head seat 24 by bolts, and a throwing cone cap 26 is fixed to the center of the crushing disc 25 by bolts. The top surface of the crushing disc 25 has material passage grooves 27 arranged at equal angles. A crushing blade 28 is fixed to the top surface of the crushing disc 25 by bolts. The crushing blade 28 is trapezoidal in shape and has a clearance fit with the drying cylinder 10. Preferably, the diameter of the crushing disc 25 located in the lower layer is smaller than that of the crushing disc 25 located in the upper layer. The crushing blade 28 is integrally sintered from a hard tungsten carbide alloy. The base material of the crushing disc 25 and the throwing cone cap 26 is 316L stainless steel, and the surface of the base material is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating. The Mohs hardness of the tungsten carbide alloy is higher than that of lanthanum cerium oxide material, which is impact-resistant and wear-resistant. There is no risk of tooth breakage, cracking, or falling off during operation, and metal debris is avoided from being mixed with rare earth materials and causing pollution. Preferably, the diameter of the lower grinding disc 25 is smaller than that of the upper grinding disc 25, allowing for layer-by-layer crushing of materials, reducing the instantaneous impact load on a single grinding blade, and further reducing blade fatigue damage. Movement process: The main shaft 7 drives the blade holder 24 and the grinding disc 25 to rotate. The grinding blades 28 on the grinding disc 25 rotate with it, cutting and crushing the material entering the drying cylinder 10. The feed chute 27 allows material to flow between the grinding discs 25. The lower grinding disc 25 has a smaller diameter than the upper one, allowing the material to be gradually crushed and refined. Beneficial effects: The trapezoidal grinding blades 28 are fitted with the drying cylinder 10 with a clearance, improving crushing efficiency and reducing material jamming; the multi-layered grinding discs 25 with different diameters achieve step-by-step crushing of materials, resulting in more thorough crushing; the throwing cone cap 26 guides the material towards the edge of the grinding disc 25, facilitating material cutting by the grinding blades 28.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, a shaft cylinder 29 is fixed to the inner top surface of the base 1 by bolts. A first bearing 30, symmetrically arranged vertically, is installed inside the shaft cylinder 29 and is connected to the main shaft 7. The drive mechanism 9 includes a first pulley 31 mounted on the main shaft 7. The first pulley 31 is connected to a second pulley 33 via a belt 32. The second pulley 33 is driven by a second motor 34, which is connected to the base 1. A bearing seat 35 is installed on the lower side wall of the main shaft 7 and is connected to the inner bottom surface of the base 1. Preferably, the bottom surface of the base 1 has a first through hole 36 opposite to the bearing seat 35. Movement process: The second motor 34 drives the second pulley 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the first pulley 31 and the main shaft 7 to rotate via the belt 32. The symmetrically arranged first bearings 30 inside the shaft cylinder 29 provide support and positioning for the main shaft 7, and the bearing seat 35 further enhances the stability of the lower end of the main shaft 7.

[0042] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the drying cylinder 10 includes a first pipe section 37, a second pipe section 38, and a third pipe section 39 arranged from bottom to top; the side wall of the first pipe section 37 is connected to the circular hole 23 of the volute 4, and the lower end of the first pipe section 37 extends into the volute 4 and is adapted to the crushing mechanism 8; the first pipe section 37 located outside the volute 4 is connected to a feed pipe 40; the side wall of the second pipe section 38 has an inspection port 41; studs 42 are connected to the second pipe section 38, and four studs 42 are symmetrically arranged, with ram's horns on the studs 42. Bolt 43 secures the sight glass cover 44, which is connected to a connecting lug 45. The connecting lug 45 corresponds one-to-one with the stud 42 and is secured by the screw 43. A sight glass 47 is fixed to the center of the sight glass cover 44 via a sight glass cap 46. A first vortex plate 48 is installed between the second pipe section 38 and the third pipe section 39. The lower diameter of the first vortex plate 48 is smaller than its upper diameter, allowing it to block some large-diameter materials from entering the classifier 18. The upper end of the third pipe section 39 is used to install the top cover 11. Beneficial effects: The multi-section drying cylinder 10 design facilitates functional zoning and maintenance; the inspection port 41 and sight glass cover 44 facilitate observation and maintenance; the first vortex plate 48 achieves preliminary material classification, improving the efficiency of the subsequent classifier 18; the screw 43 secures the sight glass cover 44, making operation simple and quick.

[0043] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the classifier 18 includes an upper classifying disk 49, which is adapted to the light hole 12. The upper classifying disk 49 has material holes 50 arranged at equal angles. The bottom surface of the upper classifying disk 49 is connected to classifying blades 51 arranged at equal angles. The classifying blades 51 are arc-shaped and arranged at an angle downwards. The gap between adjacent classifying blades 51 allows small-diameter materials to pass through. Large-diameter materials are blocked and fall into the crushing mechanism 8 for further crushing. The lower end of the classifying blades 51 is connected to a lower classifying disk 52. The diameter of the lower classifying disk 52 is smaller than the diameter of the upper classifying disk 49. The lower end of the lower classifying disk 52 is fixed with a guide cone 53 by bolts. Movement Process: The grading shaft 15 drives the upper grading disc 49, grading blades 51, and lower grading disc 52 to rotate. As the rising material reaches the classifier 18, smaller particles pass through the gaps between adjacent grading blades 51 and enter the conical tube 13 through the material hole 50. Larger particles are blocked by the grading blades 51 and fall back to the crushing mechanism 8 under gravity for further crushing. Beneficial Effects: The arc-shaped and downward-sloping grading blades 51 effectively separate materials of different particle sizes, improving grading accuracy; the guide cone 53 guides the falling material into the crushing area, preventing material accumulation; the classifier 18 is compatible with the aperture 12, ensuring continuous material processing.

[0044] like Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, an air regulating sleeve 54 is slidably connected to the first pipe section 37 located inside the volute 4. The air regulating sleeve 54 can regulate the flow rate of hot air entering the drying cylinder 10. A first guide rod 55 is slidably connected to the air regulating sleeve 54. The upper end of the first guide rod 55 is connected to the volute 4. The air regulating sleeve 54 is driven by a first telescopic rod 56, which is connected to the volute 4. Technical problem solved: The flow rate of hot air entering the drying cylinder 10 cannot be adjusted, making it difficult to adapt to the drying requirements of different materials and affecting the drying effect. Movement process: The first telescopic rod 56 drives the air regulating sleeve 54 to slide along the first guide rod 55, changing the relative position of the air regulating sleeve 54 and the first pipe section 37, thereby adjusting the size of the channel for hot air entering the drying cylinder 10 and realizing the regulation of the hot air flow rate. Beneficial effect: The hot air flow rate can be flexibly adjusted according to the material characteristics and drying requirements, improving the applicability and drying effect of the device.

[0045] like Figures 14-16 As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the bottom surface of the spindle 7 is provided with a blind hole 57. The lower end of the spindle 7 is connected to a first shaft cover 58 via a flange. The first shaft cover 58 is provided with symmetrically arranged water outlet holes 59. A second shaft cover 61 is connected to the first shaft cover 58 via a sealed bearing 60. A water outlet pipe 62 is connected to the second shaft cover 61. A cooling water pipe 63 is rotatably connected to the second shaft cover 61 and is rotatably connected to the first shaft cover 58. The cooling water pipe 63 extends into the blind hole 57, and the diameter of the cooling water pipe 63 is larger than the diameter of the water outlet hole 59. The technical problem that can be solved is that the spindle 7 is located in a heating zone and needs to rotate at high speed for a long time, which easily leads to overheating of the shaft, affecting its service life and operational stability. Movement Process: Cooling water pipe 63 delivers cooling water into the blind hole 57 of the spindle 7. The cooling water flows within the blind hole 57 and absorbs heat from the spindle 7. It then enters the second spindle cover 61 through the water outlet 59 on the first shaft cover 58, and finally exits through the water outlet pipe 62. Beneficial Effects: Effectively reduces the temperature of the spindle 7, extends its service life, and ensures stable operation of the device.

[0046] like Figure 17 and Figure 18As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, a second telescopic rod 64 is installed on the top cover 11. The piston end of the second telescopic rod 64 is connected to a second vortex plate 65. The second vortex plate 65 is slidably connected to the drying cylinder 10, and the second vortex plate 65 is located below the first vortex plate 48. The first vortex plate 48 has a second through hole 66 through which the second telescopic rod 64 passes. The position of the second vortex plate 65 can be adjusted to block large-diameter materials and scrape off the materials adhering to and accumulated on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 10. Movement process: The second telescopic rod 64 drives the second vortex plate 65 to slide up and down inside the drying cylinder 10. The second vortex plate 65 blocks the rising materials, and large-diameter materials are blocked and fall back. At the same time, the second vortex plate 65 scrapes off the materials adhering to and accumulated on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 10 during the sliding process.

[0047] like Figures 19-21 As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, it is considered that the material may become blocked in the gap between the guide cone 5 and the drying cylinder 10. The inner bottom surface of the volute 4 is connected to a second guide rod 67, and two second guide rods 67 are symmetrically arranged. A clearing cone 68 is slidably connected to the second guide rod 67. The clearing cone 68 is driven by a third telescopic rod 69, which is connected to the base 1. Preferably, the clearing cone 68 is a circular rotating part. The center of the clearing cone 68 has a third through hole 70, and there is a gap between the third through hole 70 and the main shaft 7. The inclined surface of the clearing cone 68 is provided with a sliding groove 71. Eight sliding grooves 71 are arranged at equal angles. The sliding grooves 71 are arranged from the center outward and upward along the inclined surface of the clearing cone 68. Preferably, the sliding grooves 71 are arc-shaped. A cleaning rod 72 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 71. The side wall of the guide cone 5 is provided with an inclined guide hole 73. The guide hole 73 is slidably adapted to the cleaning rod 72. After passing through the guide hole 73, the cleaning rod 72 is inclined towards the bottom of the drying cylinder 10. The cleaning rod 72 is used to clean the blockage. Technical problems that can be solved: Material easily gets clogged in the gap between the guide cone 5 and the drying cylinder 10, affecting hot air flow and material handling efficiency. Movement process: The third telescopic rod 69 drives the unblocking cone 68 to slide up and down along the second guide rod 67. The unblocking cone 68 drives the cleaning rod 72 to slide within the guide hole 73 of the guide cone 5. During the sliding process, the cleaning rod 72 cleans the clogged material in the gap between the guide cone 5 and the drying cylinder 10. At the same time, the air jet hole 76 on the rod body 75 can spray gas to assist in the cleaning. Beneficial effects: Effectively prevents material blockage in the gap, ensuring smooth hot air flow and normal material transport; the arc-shaped sliding groove 71 design of the cleaning rod 72 and the gas-assisted cleaning improve the cleaning effect and reduce the downtime for cleaning.

[0048] like Figure 21As shown, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the cleaning rod 72 includes a ball-head connector 74, which is adapted to the slide groove 71. A rod body 75 is threadedly connected to the ball-head connector 74. The side wall of the rod body 75 has evenly spaced air jet holes 76. An end cap 77 is connected to the upper end of the rod body 75. A purge air pipe 79 is connected to the lower side wall of the rod body 75 via a hose 78, and the purge air pipe 79 is connected to the base 1. Beneficial effects: The cooperation between the ball-head connector 74 and the slide groove 71 makes the cleaning rod 72 move more flexibly, improving cleaning efficiency; the gas ejected from the air jet holes 76 enhances the cleaning effect; the threaded connection between the rod body 75 and the ball-head connector 74 facilitates maintenance and replacement, reducing operating costs.

[0049] like Figure 22 As shown, a process for using the above-mentioned rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying equipment is further proposed, including the following steps: I. Equipment Preparation A rotary flash drying system (including blower 80, heater 81, feeder 82, drying device 83, cyclone separator 84, pulse bag filter 85, and induced draft fan 86) was adopted, and each piece of equipment was debugged. The air delivery capacity of blower 80, heating efficiency of heater 81, material feeding stability of feeder 82, chamber and transmission components of drying device 83, filtration and separation functions of cyclone separator 84 and pulse bag filter 85, and air extraction rate of induced draft fan 86 were checked to ensure smooth operation of the equipment.

[0050] II. Drying Process (a) Material delivery Turn on the feeder 82 to feed the lanthanum oxide and lanthanum carbonate materials to be dried into the drying device 83 at a uniform speed, so that the materials enter the drying treatment area evenly.

[0051] (ii) Heating and drying The blower 80 is started, and the blown air is heated by the heater 81, causing the temperature of the hot airflow to rise. The hot airflow enters the drying device 83, where it comes into full contact with the lanthanum oxide and lanthanum carbonate materials. Utilizing the strong heat and mass transfer effect generated by rotary flash evaporation, the moisture in the materials is rapidly evaporated. The airflow carrying the material particles enters the cyclone separator 84 after being processed by the drying device 83. The dried lanthanum oxide and lanthanum carbonate particles achieve gas-solid separation in the cyclone separator 84 and are collected through the discharge port. The exhaust gas containing fine particles enters the pulse bag filter 85 for further purification. The pulse solenoid valve cleans the dust as needed, ensuring dust removal efficiency.

[0052] (III) Exhaust gas treatment and control After purification, the exhaust gas is extracted and discharged by the induced draft fan 86. The induced draft fan 86 regulates the negative pressure of the airflow in the system to maintain stable air pressure during the drying process. The temperature, material residence time, and product moisture content parameters inside the drying unit 83 are monitored in real time. Based on feedback, the feeding rate, heating power, and airflow velocity are adjusted to control the drying process. After each batch of drying is completed, residual material and accumulated dust inside the equipment are cleaned to ensure stable subsequent production, thereby producing dried lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate products. Beneficial effects: Standardized drying process steps, ensuring the stability of the drying process and the consistency of product quality; coordinated operation of various equipment improves production efficiency; real-time monitoring and adjustment of parameters control the drying process and reduces the scrap rate.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art can still make and modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drying apparatus for rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate, characterized in that, The machine includes a base (1), and a volute (4) is provided on the top surface of the base (1). A guide cone (5) is installed inside the volute (4). The top surface of the guide cone (5) is connected to a main shaft (7) through a bushing (6). A crushing mechanism (8) is installed on the upper end of the main shaft (7). The lower end of the main shaft (7) extends into the cavity of the base (1) and is connected to a drive mechanism (9). A drying cylinder (10) is installed on the volute (4). A top cover (11) is installed on the top surface of the drying cylinder (10). The top cover (11) has a light hole (12) in the center. A conical tube (13) covering the light hole (12) is installed on the top cover (11). (13) The small diameter section is connected to the flared tube (14). The lower end of the flared tube (14) is rotatably connected to the grading shaft (15). The upper end of the grading shaft (15) is connected to the first motor (16). The first motor (16) is connected to the upper port of the tapered tube (13) through the motor connecting seat (17). The lower end of the grading shaft (15) is connected to the classifier (18). The classifier (18) is adapted to the light hole (12). The side wall of the tapered tube (13) is connected to the discharge pipe (19). The inner bottom surface of the volute (4) is connected to the second guide rod (67). The two second guide rods (67) are symmetrically arranged. The second guide rods (67) are on A cleaning cone (68) is slidably connected to the machine base (1). The cleaning cone (68) is driven by a third telescopic rod (69). The cleaning cone (68) is a circular rotating part. The center of the cleaning cone (68) has a third through hole (70). There is a gap between the third through hole (70) and the main shaft (7). The inclined surface of the cleaning cone (68) is provided with a sliding groove (71). Eight sliding grooves (71) are arranged at equal angles. The sliding grooves (71) are inclined upwards and are arc-shaped. A cleaning rod (72) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (71). The side wall of the guide cone (5) is provided with The guide hole (73) is arranged at an inclination and is slidably adapted to the cleaning rod (72), so that the cleaning rod (72) is tilted downward; the cleaning rod (72) includes a ball head connector (74), which is adapted to the slide groove (71). The ball head connector (74) is threadedly connected to the rod body (75). The side wall of the rod body (75) has air jet holes (76) distributed at equal intervals. The upper end of the rod body (75) is connected to an end cap (77). The lower side wall of the rod body (75) is connected to a purge air pipe (79) through a hose (78). The purge air pipe (79) is connected to the base (1).

2. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volute (4) is snail-shaped. The inner cavity of the volute (4) is composed of a straight section (20) and a cylindrical section (21). The straight section (20) is located tangentially to the cylindrical section (21). The edge of the cylindrical inner cavity of the volute (4) is inclined. The air inlet of the volute (4) has a partition (22). The top surface of the cylindrical section (21) of the volute (4) has a round hole (23) for installing the drying cylinder (10).

3. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (8) includes a cutter head seat (24), which has two layers. A crushing disc (25) is provided on the cutter head seat (24), and a throwing cone cap (26) is provided at the center of the crushing disc (25). The top surface of the crushing disc (25) has a material passage groove (27) arranged at equal angles. A crushing blade (28) is provided on the top surface of the crushing disc (25), and the crushing blade (28) is in clearance fit with the drying cylinder (10). The diameter of the crushing disc (25) located in the lower layer is smaller than the diameter of the crushing disc (25) located in the upper layer.

4. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner top surface of the base (1) is provided with a shaft cylinder (29), and a first bearing (30) symmetrically arranged in the shaft cylinder (29) is installed inside the shaft cylinder (29). The first bearing (30) is connected to the main shaft (7). The drive mechanism (9) includes a first pulley (31) on the main shaft (7). The first pulley (31) is connected to a second pulley (33) through a belt (32). The second pulley (33) is driven by a second motor (34). The second motor (34) is connected to the base (1).

5. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying cylinder (10) includes a first pipe section (37), a second pipe section (38), and a third pipe section (39) arranged from bottom to top; the side wall of the first pipe section (37) is connected to the round hole (23) of the volute (4), and the lower end of the first pipe section (37) extends into the volute (4) and is adapted to the crushing mechanism (8); the first pipe section (37) located outside the volute (4) is connected to the feed pipe (40); the side wall of the second pipe section (38) has an inspection port (41); the second pipe section (38) is connected to studs (42), the four studs (42) are arranged symmetrically, and the studs (42) are fixed with a sight glass cover (44) by a screw (43); a first vortex plate (48) is installed between the second pipe section (38) and the third pipe section (39), the lower diameter of the first vortex plate (48) is smaller than the upper diameter; the upper end of the third pipe section (39) is used to install a top cover (11).

6. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The classifier (18) includes an upper classifying plate (49), which is adapted to the light hole (12). The upper classifying plate (49) has material holes (50) arranged at equal angles. The bottom surface of the upper classifying plate (49) is connected to classifying blades (51) arranged at equal angles, which are arranged at an angle downwards. The lower end of the classifying blades (51) is connected to a lower classifying plate (52), which has a smaller diameter than the upper classifying plate (49). The lower end of the lower classifying plate (52) is provided with a guide cone (53).

7. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, An air regulating sleeve (54) is slidably connected to the first pipe section (37) located inside the volute (4); a first guide rod (55) is slidably connected to the air regulating sleeve (54), the upper end of the first guide rod (55) is connected to the volute (4), the air regulating sleeve (54) is driven by the first telescopic rod (56), and the first telescopic rod (56) is connected to the volute (4).

8. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the main shaft (7) is provided with a blind hole (57). The lower end of the main shaft (7) is connected to a first shaft cover (58) through a flange. The first shaft cover (58) is provided with symmetrically arranged water outlet holes (59). The first shaft cover (58) is connected to a second shaft cover (61) through a sealed bearing (60). The second shaft cover (61) is connected to a water outlet pipe (62). The second shaft cover (61) is rotatably connected to a cooling water pipe (63). The cooling water pipe (63) is rotatably connected to the first shaft cover (58). The cooling water pipe (63) extends into the blind hole (57). The diameter of the cooling water pipe (63) is larger than the diameter of the water outlet hole (59).

9. The rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top cover (11) is equipped with a second telescopic rod (64), the piston end of the second telescopic rod (64) is connected to a second swirl plate (65), the second swirl plate (65) is slidably connected to the drying cylinder (10), and the second swirl plate (65) is located below the first swirl plate (48), the first swirl plate (48) has a second through hole (66) through which the second telescopic rod (64) passes.

10. A process for using the rare earth lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps:

1. Material feeding: Turn on the feeder (82) and feed the lanthanum cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium carbonate materials to be dried into the drying device (83) at a uniform speed; 2. Heating and drying: Start the blower (80), blow in the air and heat it through the heater (81). The hot airflow enters the drying device (83) and comes into contact with the material. The airflow carrying water vapor and material particles enters the cyclone separator (84) and pulse bag dust collector (85) in sequence after treatment; 3. Tail gas treatment and control: The purified tail gas is extracted and discharged by the induced draft fan (86). The temperature inside the cylinder, the negative pressure of the system, and the moisture content of the discharged material are monitored in real time and the feeding rate, heating power and blower air volume are adjusted accordingly. The equipment is cleaned after each batch.

Images