A laser measuring device for metal tube inspection

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser measuring device for metal pipe inspection, belonging to the field of laser measuring instrument technology. The laser measuring device for metal pipe inspection includes a measuring mechanism. A circumferentially arranged elastic support structure enables the probe tip to be adaptively centered, ensuring that the laser emitter is always at the center section of the pipe, significantly improving the stability and accuracy of the inner diameter measurement benchmark. A nozzle forms a radial air-float support on the outer periphery of the probe, further reducing the rotational vibration of the probe. An L-shaped plate guides and suppresses turbulence in the jet airflow, avoiding reflection airflow from disturbing the stability of the air film. At the same time, directional airflow is used to blow away dust from the inner wall of the pipe, reducing the interference of pipe wall dust and oxide scale on the laser beam path, significantly improving the adaptability of the equipment and the repeatability of the measurement. A clamping assembly positions the pipe externally, forming a double limit inside and outside, effectively suppressing the pipe's movement and deviation during the measurement process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser measuring instrument technology, specifically to a laser measuring device for metal tube inspection. Background Technology

[0002] The inner diameter of metal pipes is a core indicator for pipe quality control. Penetration laser measuring instruments, with their advantages of non-contact operation, fast response, and high measurement accuracy, are widely used for online detection of the inner wall contour, inner diameter, and roundness parameters of metal pipes. Existing penetration laser measuring instruments mainly rely on a cantilever probe carrying a laser ranging component to extend into the pipe to perform circumferential scanning measurements. Traditional laser measuring instruments use a slender cantilever probe. After the probe is inserted into the pipe, it is prone to cantilever drooping deformation due to its own weight. At the same time, factors such as the eccentric placement of the metal pipe under test and slight bending of the pipe can easily cause the laser scanning center to deviate from the geometric center of the pipe. Conventional structures lack a multi-point adaptive centering support system, making it difficult to effectively correct the reference position, ultimately leading to continuous and unstable system measurement errors.

[0003] The existing technical solutions have obvious limitations in practice: traditional measuring probes mostly adopt a slender cantilever structure. After the probe is inserted into the pipe, the cantilever has large deflection and poor rigidity. During the rotation scanning process, radial runout and center offset are easy to occur. There is a lack of stable adaptive centering support structure, which cannot compensate for the reference deviation caused by pipe placement eccentricity, slight pipe bending, and probe self-weight sag. As a result, it is difficult for the laser measurement center to coincide with the geometric center of the pipe, resulting in poor repeatability of inner diameter measurement data, large systematic error, and measurement accuracy that cannot meet the requirements of high-precision pipe inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a laser measuring device for metal pipe inspection. It solves the problems mentioned in the background section, where traditional measuring probes often employ a slender cantilever structure. This structure results in large cantilever deflection and poor rigidity after the probe extends into the pipe, leading to radial runout and center offset during rotational scanning. Furthermore, the lack of a stable adaptive centering support structure fails to compensate for reference deviations caused by pipe placement eccentricity, slight pipe bending, and probe weight sag. Consequently, the laser measurement center is difficult to align with the pipe's geometric center, resulting in poor repeatability of inner diameter measurement data, large systematic errors, and measurement accuracy that fails to meet the requirements of high-precision pipe inspection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser measuring device for metal pipe inspection, comprising a measuring mechanism including: a servo motor, a probe rod, a laser emitter, a through-hole slip ring, a swing arm, a connecting rod, a ball seat, a first spring, a nozzle, a delivery pipe, an L-shaped plate, and a guide port; the probe rod is fixedly mounted on the output end of the servo motor, the laser emitter is mounted on the end of the probe rod, and the stator of the through-hole slip ring is mounted on the fixed end of the servo motor. The rotor of the through-hole slip ring rotates synchronously with the probe rod. The swing rod is rotatably mounted on the probe rod. There are two swing rods, and the ball seat is installed on both swing rods. The two swing rods are connected by the connecting rod. The first spring is located between the probe rod and the swing rod. The nozzle is mounted on the probe rod. The delivery pipe is mounted on the probe rod and connected to the nozzle. The L-shaped plate is mounted on the nozzle. The guide port is opened on the L-shaped plate and is directly opposite the nozzle orifice position.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the measuring mechanism further includes a clamping assembly, a guide rail, and a sliding seat; the clamping assembly is used to clamp and position the metal tube, and the fixed end of the servo motor is mounted on the guide rail through the sliding seat. The guide rail and the sliding seat cooperate to realize the overall axial feed movement of the measuring mechanism.

[0007] In the above embodiment, multiple sets of elastic adaptive support structures consisting of a swing rod, a connecting rod, a ball seat, and a No. 1 spring are set around the probe rod. The No. 1 spring continuously outputs pre-tightening force to push the swing rod outward, so that the ball seat always elastically fits the inner wall of the metal tube. The multiple sets of circumferentially distributed ball seats form a multi-point ring support constraint.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the power supply line, signal transmission line, and gas supply pipe of the laser emitter are all arranged inside the probe rod and rotate continuously with the probe rod; the through-hole slip ring dynamic-static separation structure realizes the transfer and reception of circuit and gas path in the rotating state, and avoids the line and pipe from being twisted, pulled and broken as the probe rod rotates continuously.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the laser measuring device for metal tube detection also includes a retraction mechanism and a locking mechanism; the retraction mechanism is installed on the probe rod to realize the adjustable retraction, opening and closing of the measuring mechanism and mechanical locking of the working state; the locking mechanism is installed at the starting position of the sliding seat to provide mechanical self-locking and anti-misoperation locking for the starting position of the whole machine feeding system.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the retraction mechanism includes a sliding sleeve, a sliding rod, and an integrated sleeve; the sliding sleeve is fixedly assembled on the outside of the probe body, the sliding rod is slidably embedded in the inside of the sliding sleeve in the front-back direction, the sliding sleeve provides radial limiting and sliding guidance for the sliding rod, so that the sliding rod can only slide smoothly back and forth in the axial direction of the sliding sleeve, and the integrated sleeve is fixedly sleeved at the outer end of the sliding rod, forming an integrated synchronous sliding structure with the sliding rod.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the retraction mechanism further includes a connecting rope and a fixing rod; the connecting rope is fixedly assembled on the side wall of the slide rod, and can move synchronously with the slide rod and output traction force; the fixing rod is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the swing rod, and maintains a relatively fixed state with the swing rod.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the retraction mechanism further includes a start / stop rod, a mounting bracket, and a locking rod; the start / stop rod is vertically fixedly installed on the outer end face of the integrated sleeve and slides synchronously with the integrated sleeve and the sliding rod; the mounting bracket is fixedly embedded in the surface of the probe and is arranged correspondingly to the sliding groove sleeve; the locking rod is slidably assembled inside the mounting bracket along the lateral direction; a return spring is provided between the mounting bracket and the locking rod.

[0013] In the above embodiments, under normal measurement working conditions, the sliding component is in the rear starting position, the locking rod is slidably assembled inside the mounting frame and forms a rigid limiting structure, and the start and stop rod is located behind the locking rod. The backward movement freedom of the sliding component is completely locked by the rigid blocking effect of the non-sloping surface of the locking rod.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the locking mechanism includes a hollow frame, a follower rod, a locking block, and a second spring; the hollow frame is fixedly arranged with a corresponding sliding travel area of ​​the sliding seat, the follower rod is slidably installed inside the hollow frame, the follower rod and the hollow frame form a precise axial sliding guide, the locking block is fixedly installed at the end position of the follower rod, and the second spring is elastically assembled between the locking block and the hollow frame, the second spring always applies an outward elastic preload force to the locking block and the follower rod.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the locking mechanism further includes a knob, a hinge rod, and a hinge frame; the knob is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the hollow frame, the hinge rod is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the follower rod, and the hinge frame is rotatably assembled at the end of the hinge rod, forming a locking structure that can be engaged and locked together between the hinge frame and the knob.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the locking mechanism further includes a docking block and a docking groove; the docking block is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding seat and corresponds to the placement position of the locking block, the docking groove is opened in the internal groove structure of the docking block, and the locking block can be correspondingly embedded in the docking groove to form a fitting limit.

[0017] In the above embodiments, the mechanism is provided with a knob, a hinge rod and a hinge frame to form a mechanical anti-accidental interlocking structure. Under normal conditions, the hinge frame and the knob are misaligned and locked, locking the rotational freedom of the hinge rod, thereby restricting the sliding stroke of the follower rod, so that the operator cannot directly pull the follower rod to unlock.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the front end of the probe is adaptively centered by a circumferentially arranged elastic support structure, ensuring that the laser emitter is always at the center section of the pipe, which greatly improves the stability and accuracy of the inner diameter measurement benchmark. The nozzle forms a radial air-float support on the outer periphery of the probe, which further reduces the rotational vibration of the probe. The L-shaped plate guides and suppresses the turbulence of the jet airflow, avoiding the disturbance of the air film stability by the reflected airflow. At the same time, the directional airflow is used to blow away dust from the inner wall of the pipe, reducing the interference of pipe wall dust and oxide scale on the laser beam path, which significantly improves the adaptability of the equipment and the repeatability of the measurement. The clamping assembly positions the pipe externally, forming a double limit inside and outside, which effectively suppresses the pipe movement and deviation during the measurement process.

[0019] 2. In this invention, by adding a sliding traction and storage mechanism, the controllable retraction and elastic opening of the pendulum rod and the ball seat support structure are achieved, solving the problems of easy collision and narrow pipe diameter adaptation range of traditional fixed elastic support structures when inserted into the pipe. Through the precise sliding cooperation of the sliding sleeve and the sliding rod, the pendulum rod can be smoothly pulled inward to reduce the outer diameter of the probe, making it easier for the probe rod to smoothly enter and exit the pipe, and avoiding the sharp edge of the pipe opening from scratching the support structure and optical components. Through the mechanical locking structure formed by the start and stop rods and the locking rod, the pendulum rod posture can be locked in the measurement operation state, effectively improving the centering stability during the measurement process. The structure relies on the No. 1 spring to achieve automatic rebound opening and reset without additional power. The structure has strong linkage and high reliability, and can adaptively adapt to the inner wall support centering requirements of different pipe diameters.

[0020] 3. In this invention, the locking block and the docking groove are engaged to achieve rigid mechanical self-locking of the initial position of the sliding seat. This can completely lock the feed displacement in the standby state of the equipment, effectively avoiding accidental feeding caused by vibration or accidental contact, and improving the safety of equipment operation. The knob, hinge rod and hinge frame form a front-mounted mechanical interlocking anti-accidental contact structure. Before unlocking, the locking constraint must be released by rotating the knob, forming a forced operation logic, eliminating safety hazards and measurement failures caused by unintentional accidental unlocking, and significantly improving the equipment's anti-misoperation capability. By utilizing the inclined plane adaptive extrusion and the elastic reset characteristics of the No. 2 spring, automatic engagement and self-locking can be achieved after the sliding seat is reset, without the need for manual reset operation, further improving the measurement consistency and operational safety of the whole machine. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position of the probe rod and the through-hole slip ring of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the ball seat and nozzle positions of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position of the delivery pipe and the sliding seat in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position of the connecting rope and the slide bar in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the location of the integrated sleeve and locking rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position of the guide rail and the sliding seat of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle.

[0022] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Servo motor; 2. Probe rod; 3. Laser emitter; 301. Through-hole slip ring; 4. Swing rod; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Ball seat; 7. Spring No. 1; 8. Nozzle; 9. Conveying pipe; 10. L-shaped plate; 11. Guide port; 12. Clamping assembly; 13. Guide rail; 14. Sliding seat; 20. Slide sleeve; 21. Slide rod; 22. Integrated sleeve; 23. Connecting rope; 24. Fixing rod; 25. Start and stop rod; 26. Mounting bracket; 27. Locking rod; 30. Hollow frame; 31. Follower rod; 32. Locking block; 33. Spring No. 2; 34. Knob; 35. Hinge rod; 36. Hinge frame; 37. Connecting block; 38. Connecting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: Please see Figures 1-8 One embodiment of the present invention is: a laser measuring device for metal pipe detection, comprising a measuring mechanism including: a servo motor 1, a probe 2, a laser emitter 3, a through-hole slip ring 301, a swing arm 4, a connecting rod 5, a ball seat 6, a first spring 7, a nozzle 8, a delivery pipe 9, an L-shaped plate 10, and a guide port 11; the probe 2 is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor 1, the laser emitter 3 is installed at the end of the probe 2, and the stator of the through-hole slip ring 301 is installed on the servo motor 1. At the fixed end of machine 1, the rotor of the through-hole slip ring 301 is set to rotate synchronously with the probe rod 2. The swing rod 4 is rotatably installed on the probe rod 2. There are two swing rods 4, and ball seats 6 are installed on both swing rods 4. The two swing rods 4 are connected by a connecting rod 5. The first spring 7 is set between the probe rod 2 and the swing rod 4. The nozzle 8 is installed on the probe rod 2. The conveying pipe 9 is installed on the probe rod 2 and connected to the nozzle 8. The L-shaped plate 10 is installed on the nozzle 8. The guide port 11 is opened on the L-shaped plate 10 and the guide port 11 is directly opposite the nozzle 8.

[0025] The measuring mechanism also includes a clamping assembly 12, a guide rail 13, and a sliding seat 14; the clamping assembly 12 is used to clamp and position the metal tube, and the fixed end of the servo motor 1 is mounted on the guide rail 13 through the sliding seat 14. The guide rail 13 and the sliding seat 14 cooperate to realize the overall axial feed motion of the measuring mechanism.

[0026] In the above embodiments, the pipe posture is kept stable throughout the measurement process, and the laser scanning center is highly aligned with the geometric center of the pipe, thus eliminating system measurement errors from a mechanical structure perspective.

[0027] The power supply line, signal transmission line, and gas supply pipe 9 of the laser emitter 3 are all arranged inside the probe rod 2 and rotate continuously with the probe rod 2; the through-hole slip ring 301 has a dynamic-static separation structure to realize the transfer and reception of circuit and gas path in the rotating state, and avoid the line and pipe from being twisted, pulled and broken as the probe rod 2 rotates continuously.

[0028] The laser measuring device for metal pipe inspection also includes a retraction mechanism and a locking mechanism; the retraction mechanism is installed on the probe rod 2 to realize the adjustable retraction and opening of the measuring mechanism and the mechanical locking of the working state; the locking mechanism is installed at the starting position of the sliding seat 14 to provide mechanical self-locking and anti-misoperation locking for the starting position of the whole machine's feeding system.

[0029] In operation, this embodiment is the main execution and reference centering system for laser inner diameter measurement of metal pipes. It mainly realizes the functions of adaptive mechanical centering inside the pipe, non-contact air-float vibration stabilization, continuous conduction of rotating optical path circuit and air path, axial feed measurement and stabilization and dust removal of inner wall airflow. The device as a whole consists of guide rail 13 and sliding seat 14 forming axial feed motion. Sliding seat 14 can drive servo motor 1, probe 2 and laser emitter 3 at the end to feed smoothly along the axis of the metal pipe, so that probe 2 can extend into the section to be measured inside the metal pipe.The probe rod 2 is equipped with a laser emitter 3 at its end as the core acquisition component for inner diameter measurement. A servo motor 1 drives the probe rod 2 to rotate continuously in the circumference, causing the laser emitter 3 to perform a 360-degree circumferential scan around the center of the pipe. Through radial laser ranging, it acquires multi-point contour data of the pipe's inner wall, completing the geometric measurement of inner diameter, roundness, and inner wall contour parameters. Since the probe rod 2 is a slender cantilever structure, relying solely on a rigid probe rod 2 is prone to problems such as cantilever sagging, rotational eccentricity, and misalignment with the pipe center. Therefore, multiple sets of elastic adaptive support structures, consisting of a swing rod 4, connecting rod 5, ball seat 6, and spring 7, are set around the outer periphery of the probe rod 2. Spring 7 continuously... The pre-tightening force is output externally, pushing the swing rod 4 outward to keep the ball seat 6 elastically attached to the inner wall of the metal pipe. Multiple sets of circumferentially distributed ball seats 6 form a multi-point ring support constraint, automatically correcting the laser emitter 3 at the end of the probe rod 2 to the center position of the pipe cross-section. This effectively offsets the measurement reference offset caused by the cantilever deflection of the probe rod 2, the eccentricity of the pipe placement, and the slight bending of the pipe, ensuring that the laser scanning center is highly coincident with the geometric center of the pipe. This eliminates system measurement errors from the mechanical structure level. Since the probe rod 2 needs to rotate continuously 360 degrees, the power supply line, signal transmission line, and front-end gas supply pipe 9 of the laser emitter 3 are all synchronized with the probe rod 2. Rotation, if using a fixed wiring method, would result in continuous torsion, pulling, and breakage. This device achieves dynamic-static isolation transmission by setting a through-hole slip ring 301. The stator of the through-hole slip ring 301 is fixed to the fixed end of the servo motor 1 to remain stationary, while the rotor rotates synchronously with the probe rod 2. This achieves continuous, stable, and torsion-free switching between the circuit and the air circuit during rotation, ensuring uninterrupted laser measurement signals, stable power supply, and continuous and reliable front-end air supply. At the same time, multiple sets of circumferentially distributed nozzles 8 are arranged around the outer periphery of the probe rod 2. The delivery pipe 9 delivers external compressed gas to the nozzles 8 for ejection, forming a uniform radial air-supported air structure between the outer wall of the probe rod 2 and the inner wall of the metal pipe. The membrane further assists in centering and stabilizing the probe 2, suppressing radial micro-jumps during rotation. An L-shaped plate 10 is fixedly installed on the outside of the nozzle 8, with a guide port 11 directly opposite the nozzle 8. After the high-pressure airflow is injected into the inner wall of the pipe, it will generate reverse turbulent backflow. The L-shaped plate 10 can block the turbulent backflow, forcing the rebound airflow to be directed and tangentially discharged along the pipe wall through the guide port 11, eliminating the impact and disturbance of the reverse airflow on the air-supported membrane, making the membrane pressure uniform and stable. At the same time, the directional airflow can continuously blow away dust and dirt from the inner wall of the measurement area, avoiding dust accumulation in the optical window and interference with the laser optical path, further improving measurement stability and accuracy. Before the measurement operation, the clamping assembly 12 externally clamps and positions the metal tube, limiting the axial movement and circumferential offset of the tube. Together with the internal centering structure of the probe 2, it forms an internal and external dual positioning system to ensure the stability of the tube posture throughout the measurement process, providing a stable operating benchmark for high-precision inner diameter scanning measurement.

[0030] Example 2: Please see Figures 1-8Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, the retracting mechanism includes a sliding sleeve 20, a sliding rod 21, and an integrated sleeve 22; the sliding sleeve 20 is fixedly assembled on the outside of the probe rod 2, the sliding rod 21 is slidably embedded in the inside of the sliding sleeve 20 in the front-back direction, the sliding sleeve 20 radially limits and guides the sliding rod 21, so that the sliding rod 21 can only slide smoothly back and forth in the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 20, and the integrated sleeve 22 is fixedly sleeved and installed at the outer end of the sliding rod 21, forming an integral synchronous sliding structure with the sliding rod 21.

[0031] The retraction mechanism also includes a connecting rope 23 and a fixing rod 24; the connecting rope 23 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the slide rod 21, and can move synchronously with the slide rod 21 and output traction force; the fixing rod 24 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the swing rod 4, and maintains a relatively fixed state with the swing rod 4.

[0032] The retraction mechanism also includes a start / stop rod 25, a mounting bracket 26, and a locking rod 27. The start / stop rod 25 is vertically fixedly installed on the outer end face of the integrated sleeve 22 and slides synchronously with the integrated sleeve 22 and the slide rod 21. The mounting bracket 26 is fixedly embedded in the surface of the probe rod 2 and is arranged correspondingly to the slide groove sleeve 20. The locking rod 27 is slidably assembled in the interior of the mounting bracket 26. A return spring is provided between the mounting bracket 26 and the locking rod 27.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the structure is equipped with mandatory pre-operation logic to form a physical anti-accidental touch and anti-misoperation lock security mechanism.

[0034] In this embodiment, the solution is a mechanically controllable opening, closing and locking system of the front-end centering support mechanism, which realizes the adjustable folding and opening of the support structure of the swing arm 4 and ball seat 6, as well as the mechanical locking of the working state. It solves the defects of traditional fixed elastic support, such as inability to be folded, easy to bump into the pipe opening, poor pipe diameter adaptability, and easy to malfunction due to vibration in the working state. The sliding sleeve 20 is fixedly installed on the probe rod 2, and the sliding rod 21 is slidably assembled inside the sliding sleeve 20. The sliding sleeve 20 provides pure axial sliding guidance and radial limiting for the sliding rod 21, so that the sliding rod 21 can only slide smoothly back and forth along the axis of the probe rod 2. The integrated sleeve 22 is fixed to the end of the sliding rod 21 and forms an integral sliding structure with the sliding rod 21. The start and stop rod 25 is fixed on the integrated sleeve 22 and moves synchronously with the sliding assembly. The connecting rope 23 is assembled on the sliding rod 21, and the end of the connecting rope 23 forms a flexible traction engagement with the fixed rod 24. The fixed rod 24 is fixedly installed on the swing rod 4, so that the displacement of the sliding assembly can be directly converted into the rotational action of the swing rod 4. Under normal measurement working conditions, the sliding assembly is in the rear starting position, and the locking rod 27 is slidably assembled inside the mounting frame 26 and forms a rigid limit. The positioning structure features a start / stop rod 25 located behind the locking rod 27. Relying on the rigid blocking effect of the non-sloping surface of the locking rod 27, the backward movement freedom of the sliding component is completely locked. When it is necessary to insert into or withdraw from the pipe, or to adapt to a smaller pipe diameter, the locking rod 27 can be manually slid to release the limit. Pulling the integrated sleeve 22 backward will drive the slide rod 21 to slide backward along the slide groove sleeve 20. The connecting rope 23 pulls the fixing rod 24, overcoming the pre-tightening force of the first spring 7, causing the swing rod 4 to rotate inward and retract, causing the ball seat 6 to contract radially, reducing the overall outer diameter of the probe, avoiding scraping or bumping of the pipe opening, and improving the smoothness of the probe 2's insertion and withdrawal. After the tension is released, the first spring 7 elastically resets, pushing the swing rod 4 to automatically open and reset, driving the sliding component to move forward and return to its position, restoring the centering support state, and realizing fully automatic adaptive opening and closing.

[0035] Example 3: Please see Figures 1-8 Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a hollow frame 30, a follower rod 31, a locking block 32, and a second spring 33; the hollow frame 30 is fixedly arranged with a corresponding sliding stroke area of ​​the sliding seat 14, the follower rod 31 is slidably installed inside the hollow frame 30, the follower rod 31 and the hollow frame 30 form a precise axial sliding guide, the locking block 32 is fixedly installed at the end position of the follower rod 31, and the second spring 33 is elastically assembled between the locking block 32 and the hollow frame 30, and the second spring 33 always applies an outward elastic preload to the locking block 32 and the follower rod 31.

[0036] The locking mechanism also includes a knob 34, a hinge rod 35, and a hinge frame 36; the knob 34 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the hollow frame 30, the hinge rod 35 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the follower rod 31, and the hinge frame 36 is rotatably assembled at the end of the hinge rod 35, forming a locking structure that can be engaged and locked together between the hinge frame 36 and the knob 34.

[0037] The locking mechanism also includes a docking block 37 and a docking groove 38; the docking block 37 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding seat 14 and corresponds to the placement position of the locking block 32; the docking groove 38 is opened in the internal groove structure of the docking block 37; the locking block 32 can be correspondingly embedded into the docking groove 38 to form a fitting limit.

[0038] In this embodiment, the following is a mechanical self-locking and anti-mislocking mechanism for the starting position of the whole machine's feed system. This mechanism achieves rigid locking of the sliding seat 14 at its standby origin position, unlocking of the pre-locking mechanical access, and automatic relocking after measurement reset. It solves safety and accuracy problems related to equipment standby misfeeding, accidental human contact, vibration slippage, and lack of protection during unlocking. The hollow frame 30 serves as a fixed base, corresponding to the travel area of ​​the sliding seat 14. The follower rod 31 is slidably mounted inside the hollow frame 30, enabling stable sliding movement. The locking block 32 is fixed to the end of the follower rod 31. A second spring 33 is arranged between the locking block 32 and the hollow frame 30, continuously applying an outward elastic preload to the locking block 32 under normal conditions. The docking block 37 is fixed on the sliding seat 14 and moves synchronously with it. The docking groove 38 is located inside the docking block 37, allowing for precise fitting and limiting with the locking block 32. When the equipment is in the initial standby state, the second spring 33 pushes the locking block 32 into the docking groove 38. The non-sloping structure of the locking block 32 forms a rigid block with the docking groove 38, which completely restricts the axial feed movement of the sliding seat 14 from the mechanical structure, so that the whole machine cannot produce any feed displacement before unlocking, realizes the origin mechanical self-locking, and prevents erroneous feed actions caused by standby vibration or external force contact. To prevent accidental locking, this mechanism is equipped with a mechanical anti-accidental interlocking structure consisting of a knob 34, a hinge rod 35, and a hinge frame 36. Under normal conditions, the hinge frame 36 and knob 34 are misaligned and locked, preventing the hinge rod 35 from rotating freely and thus restricting the sliding stroke of the follower rod 31. This prevents the operator from directly pulling the follower rod 31 to unlock it. Only after pre-rotating the knob 34 to adjust it and the hinge frame 36 to a parallel unlocking alignment, releasing the locking constraint, can the follower rod 31 slide. Only then can the follower rod 31 be pulled outwards to disengage the locking block 32 from the mating groove 38, unlocking the sliding seat 14 and allowing it to feed and drive the measuring mechanism into the pipe for measurement. This structure features a forced pre-locking mechanism. The operating logic forms a physical safety mechanism to prevent accidental touch and accidental locking. When a single measurement is completed, the sliding seat 14 drives the measuring mechanism to retreat and reset to the initial origin position. The docking block 37 returns to its position synchronously with the sliding seat 14. The outer wall of the docking block 37 and the outer inclined surface of the locking block 32 press against each other and guide each other. The force of the inclined surface pushes the locking block 32 back and compresses the second spring 33, so that the sliding seat 14 can be smoothly reset to its position. After the sliding seat 14 is fully reset, the locking block 32 and the docking groove 38 are precisely aligned again. The second spring 33 rebounds and pushes the locking block 32 to automatically embed into the docking groove 38. The fully automatic reset and self-locking can be completed without manual operation, so that the equipment returns to a stable standby locking state and realizes a closed loop of mechanical linkage throughout the process.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser measuring device for inspecting metal tubes, characterized in that, The laser measuring device for metal tube detection includes a measuring mechanism, which includes: a servo motor (1), a probe (2), a laser emitter (3), a through-hole slip ring (301), a swing arm (4), a connecting rod (5), a ball seat (6), a first spring (7), a nozzle (8), a delivery pipe (9), an L-shaped plate (10), and a guide port (11). The probe rod (2) is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor (1), the laser emitter (3) is installed at the end of the probe rod (2), the stator of the through-hole slip ring (301) is installed at the fixed end of the servo motor (1), the rotor of the through-hole slip ring (301) is synchronously rotated with the probe rod (2), the swing rod (4) is rotatably installed on the probe rod (2), the swing rod (4) is provided in two places, and the ball seat (6) is installed on both swing rods (4), and both places The swing rods (4) are connected by the connecting rod (5), the first spring (7) is located between the probe (2) and the swing rod (4), the nozzle (8) is installed on the probe (2), the delivery pipe (9) is installed on the probe (2) and connected to the nozzle (8), the L-shaped plate (10) is installed on the nozzle (8), the guide port (11) is opened on the L-shaped plate (10) and the guide port (11) is directly opposite the nozzle (8) nozzle position.

2. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring mechanism also includes a clamping assembly (12), a guide rail (13), and a sliding seat (14); The clamping assembly (12) is used to clamp and position the metal tube. The fixed end of the servo motor (1) is mounted on the guide rail (13) through the sliding seat (14). The guide rail (13) and the sliding seat (14) cooperate to realize the overall axial feed motion of the measuring mechanism.

3. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply line, signal transmission line and gas supply pipe (9) of the laser emitter (3) are all arranged inside the probe (2) and rotate continuously with the probe (2); The through-hole slip ring (301) has a dynamic-static separation structure to realize the transfer and reception of circuits and air circuits in the rotating state, and to prevent the lines and pipes from being twisted, pulled and broken as the probe rod (2) continues to rotate.

4. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser measuring device for metal tube detection also includes a take-up and release mechanism and a locking mechanism; The retraction and extension mechanism is installed on the probe rod (2) to realize the adjustable retraction, opening and closing of the measuring mechanism and the mechanical locking of the working state; The locking mechanism is installed at the starting position of the sliding seat (14) and serves as a mechanical self-locking and anti-misoperation locking mechanism for the starting position of the whole machine's feeding system.

5. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The retracting mechanism includes a sliding sleeve (20), a sliding rod (21), and an integrated sleeve (22); The groove sleeve (20) is fixedly assembled on the outside of the probe rod (2). The slide rod (21) is slidably embedded in the inside of the groove sleeve (20) in the front-back direction. The groove sleeve (20) radially limits and guides the slide rod (21), so that the slide rod (21) can only slide smoothly back and forth in the axial direction of the groove sleeve (20). The integrated sleeve (22) is fixedly sleeved and installed at the outer end of the slide rod (21), forming an integrated synchronous sliding structure with the slide rod (21).

6. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The retraction mechanism also includes a connecting rope (23) and a fixing rod (24). The connecting rope (23) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the slide rod (21), and can move synchronously with the slide rod (21) and output traction force. The fixing rod (24) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the swing rod (4) and maintains a relatively fixed state with the swing rod (4).

7. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The retraction mechanism also includes a start / stop bar (25), a mounting bracket (26), and a locking bar (27). The start and stop rod (25) is vertically fixedly installed on the outer end face of the integrated sleeve (22) and slides synchronously with the integrated sleeve (22) and the slide rod (21). The mounting bracket (26) is fixedly embedded in the surface of the probe rod (2) and is arranged correspondingly to the slide sleeve (20). The locking rod (27) is slidably assembled in the interior of the mounting bracket (26) along the lateral direction. A return spring is provided between the mounting bracket (26) and the locking rod (27).

8. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a hollow frame (30), a follower rod (31), a locking block (32), and a second spring (33); The hollow frame (30) is fixedly arranged with the corresponding sliding seat (14) in the travel area. The follower rod (31) is slidably installed inside the hollow frame (30). The follower rod (31) and the hollow frame (30) form a precise axial sliding guide. The locking block (32) is fixedly installed at the end position of the follower rod (31). The second spring (33) is elastically assembled between the locking block (32) and the hollow frame (30). The second spring (33) always applies an outward elastic preload to the locking block (32) and the follower rod (31).

9. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking mechanism also includes a knob (34), a hinge rod (35), and a hinge frame (36). The knob (34) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the hollow frame (30), the hinge rod (35) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the follower rod (31), the hinge frame (36) is rotatably assembled on the end of the hinge rod (35), and the hinge frame (36) and the knob (34) form a locking structure that can be engaged and locked.

10. The laser measuring device for metal tube inspection according to claim 9, characterized in that: The locking mechanism also includes a docking block (37) and a docking groove (38); The docking block (37) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding seat (14) and corresponds to the placement position of the locking block (32). The docking groove (38) is opened in the internal groove structure of the docking block (37). The locking block (32) can be embedded in the docking groove (38) to form a fitting limit.

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