Optical fiber sensing array and underwater device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fiber optic sensing technology, providing a fiber optic sensing array and underwater equipment. The fiber optic sensing array includes a cable core, an encapsulation layer, and multiple fiber optic sensing units. The multiple fiber optic sensing units are spaced apart along the extension direction of the cable core. The encapsulation layer covers the outer peripheral walls of the cable core and the multiple fiber optic sensing units. In the production process, this invention allows for the selection of appropriate cable core lengths for the installation and encapsulation of fiber optic sensing units according to actual needs, significantly reducing production costs. Multiple fiber optic sensing units are encapsulated in a single encapsulation operation, reducing repetitive processes required for multiple independent encapsulations, effectively shortening the production cycle and improving batch production efficiency. The integrated encapsulation structure eliminates segmented connection points between sensing units, avoiding the connection losses and weak sealing points that may be introduced by segmented encapsulation, thereby improving the long-term reliability and safety of the fiber optic sensing array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic sensing technology, and more particularly to a fiber optic sensing array and underwater device. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber optic sensor arrays have advantages such as high sensitivity, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and the ability to achieve distributed measurement, and are widely used in many fields such as marine geological exploration, marine ecological monitoring, underwater security early warning, and underwater target detection and tracking.

[0003] Currently, the fiber optic sensor array assembly process involves fixing each fiber optic sensor element individually to a load-bearing component, followed by a series of complex steps including installing protective tubes, filling with water-blocking material, and sealing both ends, to form an independent short array segment. When engineering applications require longer sensor arrays, the production capacity of the single-segment process is limited, so multiple of these short array segments must be spliced ​​together end-to-end through array joints to achieve the required overall length.

[0004] In spliced ​​fiber optic sensor arrays, each inter-array joint requires fiber optic fusion splicing. When the number of splice segments is large, the number of splice points increases dramatically, leading to a cumulative increase in optical path fusion loss throughout the array, affecting the system's signal noise level and detection sensitivity. Secondly, the more splice segments there are, the greater the risk of inter-array joint or end-face sealing failure, significantly reducing the system's long-term reliability and survivability in complex underwater environments. Furthermore, the segmented manufacturing and splicing method places extremely stringent requirements on the consistency between array segments, and the process is cumbersome and has a long production cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a fiber optic sensing array and underwater device to solve the problems of cumbersome processes, long production cycles, and low safety in existing fiber optic sensing arrays that are manufactured in segments and then spliced ​​together.

[0006] The present invention provides an optical fiber sensing array, comprising: a cable core, an encapsulation layer, and a plurality of optical fiber sensing units, wherein the plurality of optical fiber sensing units are spaced apart on the cable core along the extension direction of the cable core, and the encapsulation layer is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the cable core and the plurality of optical fiber sensing units.

[0007] According to an optical fiber sensing array provided by the present invention, a plurality of optical fiber sensing units are arranged at circumferential spiral intervals along the extension direction of the cable core.

[0008] According to the present invention, each of the fiber optic sensing units is connected to the cable core via a Haver structure.

[0009] According to the present invention, an optical fiber sensing array further includes a first protective layer and a corrosion-resistant layer. The first protective layer is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer, and the corrosion-resistant layer is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the first protective layer. The first protective layer comprises a first non-metallic fiber material component.

[0010] According to the fiber optic sensing array provided by the present invention, a second protective layer is further included, which is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer and located between the encapsulation layer and the first protective layer; the second protective layer includes a second non-metallic fiber material component.

[0011] According to the fiber optic sensing array provided by the present invention, the first protective layer is a first non-metallic fiber material component with a braided structure; the second protective layer is a second non-metallic fiber material component with a braided structure or a stranded structure.

[0012] According to the present invention, the outer diameter of the fiber optic sensing array is 40mm-80mm.

[0013] The present invention also provides an underwater device, including a tail connector, a cable, and an optical fiber sensing array as described in any of the above claims, wherein the tail connector and the cable are respectively disposed at both ends of the optical fiber sensing array.

[0014] An underwater device according to the present invention further includes an array connector, wherein the fiber optic sensing array is multi-segmented and adjacent segments of the fiber optic sensing array are connected through the array connector.

[0015] An underwater device according to the present invention further includes an array cable connector located between the cable support and the fiber optic sensing array.

[0016] The fiber optic sensing array and underwater device provided by this invention involve spaced-apart fiber optic sensing units along the extension direction of the cable core, followed by overall encapsulation. During production, appropriate cable core lengths can be selected for the installation and encapsulation of the fiber optic sensing units according to actual needs, significantly reducing production costs. Multiple fiber optic sensing units are encapsulated in a single process, reducing repetitive steps required for separate encapsulation of multiple segments, effectively shortening the production cycle and improving batch production efficiency. The integrated encapsulation structure eliminates segmented connection points between sensing units, avoiding connection losses and weak sealing points that may be introduced by segmented encapsulation, thereby improving the long-term reliability and safety of the fiber optic sensing array. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the internal structural diagrams of the underwater device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the underwater device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the fiber optic sensing array provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the fiber optic sensing array provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure label: 10. Fiber optic sensor array; 11. Cable core; 12. Encapsulation layer; 13. Fiber optic sensor unit; 20. First protective layer; 30. Second protective layer; 40. Corrosion-resistant layer; 50. Array tail connector; 60. Cable support; 70. Array cable connector. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] The specific terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. For example, expressions such as "same" and "identical" not only indicate a strictly identical state, but also indicate a state with tolerances or differences in the degree of functionality. For example, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "side by side," "perpendicular," "centered on," "concentric," or "coaxial" not only strictly indicate such an arrangement, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by tolerances or angles or distances with the same degree of functionality.

[0025] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, B1 and / or B2 can represent: B1 existing alone, B1 and B2 existing simultaneously, and B2 existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. Additionally, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided, but those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0029] The following is combined Figures 1-4 The fiber optic sensing array 10 and underwater device of the present invention are described.

[0030] The present invention provides an optical fiber sensing array 10, comprising: a cable core 11, an encapsulation layer 12, and a plurality of optical fiber sensing units 13. The plurality of optical fiber sensing units 13 are spaced apart on the cable core 11 along the extension direction of the cable core 11, and the encapsulation layer 12 is covered on the outer peripheral wall of the cable core 11 and the plurality of optical fiber sensing units 13.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the cable core 11 serves as the central supporting component and transmission carrier of the entire fiber optic sensing array 10. Each fiber optic sensing unit 13 is spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance along the extension direction of the cable core 11. This predetermined distance can be flexibly set according to the actual monitoring point density requirements. Each fiber optic sensing unit 13 can be fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cable core 11 by fusion splicing. Multiple fiber optic sensing units 13 are connected in series through the cable core 11.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The encapsulation layer 12 continuously covers the outer surface of the cable core 11 along its extension direction, completely enclosing all the fiber optic sensing units 13 within it. The outer surface of the encapsulation layer 12 forms the outer peripheral wall of the fiber optic sensing array 10. The encapsulation layer 12 can be made of insulating materials with certain flexibility and mechanical strength, such as polyethylene (PE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), to provide basic insulation protection and mechanical protection for the cable core 11. The encapsulation layer 12 can firmly fix each fiber optic sensing unit 13 to its predetermined position on the cable core 11, preventing displacement, torsion, or detachment during subsequent processing, transportation, or use, ensuring the spatial positioning accuracy and long-term stability of each sensing unit. Simultaneously, the encapsulation layer 12 also provides basic insulation protection and mechanical protection for the cable core 11.

[0033] The fiber optic sensing array 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention involves multiple fiber optic sensing units 13 spaced apart along the extension direction of the cable core 11, and then encapsulated as a whole. During production, cable cores of appropriate lengths can be selected for the installation and encapsulation of the fiber optic sensing units 13 according to actual needs, significantly reducing production costs. Multiple fiber optic sensing units 13 are encapsulated in a single encapsulation operation, reducing repetitive processes required for multiple independent encapsulations, effectively shortening the production cycle and improving batch production efficiency. The integrated encapsulation structure eliminates segmented connection points between sensing units, avoiding connection losses and weak sealing points that may be introduced by segmented encapsulation, thereby improving the long-term reliability and safety of the fiber optic sensing array 10.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple optical fiber units are arranged at circumferential helical intervals along the extending direction of the cable core 11. This ensures the radial dimension of the optical fiber unit array. In some embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 1Two adjacent fiber optic sensing units 13 are located on opposite radial sides of the cable core 11. Along the extension direction of the cable core 11, multiple fiber optic sensing units 13 are arranged spirally at intervals along the circumference of the cable core 11.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, each fiber optic sensing unit 13 is connected to the cable core 11 via a Haver structure. Specifically, the Haver structure includes a first half-ring and a second half-ring, which are snapped against the outer peripheral wall of the cable core 11 and fixed to each other by fasteners (e.g., bolts, clamps, or locks), thereby tightly gripping the cable core 11. The fiber optic sensing unit 13 is disposed inside the Haver structure. When the Haver structure is tightly gripping the cable core 11, the fiber optic sensing unit 13 is located between the Haver structure and the cable core 11, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the radial dimension of the fiber optic sensing array 10 can be guaranteed.

[0036] In some embodiments, the inner peripheral wall of the Haval structure is provided with a mounting groove, the fiber optic sensing unit 13 is embedded in the mounting groove, and is fixed to the Haval structure by bonding or interference fit.

[0037] Based on any of the above embodiments, the fiber optic sensing array 10 further includes a first protective layer 20 and a corrosion-resistant layer 40. The first protective layer 20 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer 12, and the corrosion-resistant layer 40 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the first protective layer 20. The first protective layer 20 is made of a first non-metallic fiber material.

[0038] refer to Figure 3 The fiber optic sensing array 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an encapsulation layer 12, a first protective layer 20 and a corrosion-resistant layer 40 sequentially sleeved or covered from the inside out, forming a tight stacked structure.

[0039] The first protective layer 20 is made of a first non-metallic fiber material. This first non-metallic fiber material can be made of polyester filament, nylon, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid, etc. Preferably, the first protective layer 20 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the fiber optic sensing array 10 by a braiding method. Specifically, multiple strands of non-metallic fiber are cross-braided along the axial and circumferential directions of the encapsulation layer 12 using a braiding device to form a dense non-metallic fiber braided mesh. This braided mesh can tightly wrap around the outer surface of the encapsulation layer 12. During the multiple unwinding and winding processes of the fiber optic sensing array 10, the non-metallic fiber braided mesh can utilize its own friction and radial contraction force to always hold the internal optical fiber tightly, preventing the first protective layer 20 from axially shifting or partially loosening relative to the encapsulation layer 12, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the fiber optic sensing array 10 under dynamic usage scenarios.

[0040] It should be noted that the first non-metallic fiber material component possesses high strength, high tensile strength, and high impact resistance, providing reliable mechanical protection for the internal cable core 11 and effectively resisting external extrusion, tension, or impact loads. Furthermore, the first non-metallic fiber material component can also prevent electromagnetic interference during signal transmission, ensuring the purity of the sensing signal.

[0041] The corrosion-resistant layer 40 is applied to the outer periphery of the first protective layer 20 and completely covers the first protective layer 20. The corrosion-resistant layer 40 has the characteristics of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and can isolate the internal first protective layer 20 from external moisture, acid and alkaline chemicals and salt spray.

[0042] The corrosion-resistant layer 40 can be a UV-curable resin layer, a thermosetting resin layer, or a cured layer formed by curing a single-component or two-component adhesive. The corrosion-resistant layer 40 can be uniformly coated onto the outer peripheral wall of the first protective layer 20 using an extrusion coating process. After fixation, it forms a dense cured layer of uniform thickness to ensure the long-term reliability of the protective structure in harsh environments such as humidity, acid and alkali, or salt spray, while also increasing wear resistance.

[0043] The fiber optic sensing array 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention forms a double-layer protection mechanism with an outer layer of corrosion resistance and an inner layer of mechanical impact resistance by covering the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer 12 with a first protective layer 20 made of non-metallic fiber material, and then covering the outer peripheral wall of the first protective layer 20 with a corrosion-resistant layer 40. This structure eliminates the need for metal components and simultaneously achieves wear resistance, impact resistance, and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the non-metallic fiber material components are lighter and less dense than traditional steel wire armor, reducing the weight per unit length of the overall structure and facilitating on-site installation and transportation.

[0044] The fiber optic sensing array 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes at least one second protective layer 30, which is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer 12 and located on the side of the first protective layer 20 away from the corrosion-resistant layer 40.

[0045] The second protective layer 30 includes a second non-metallic fiber material component, which has high strength, high tensile strength, and high impact resistance, further protecting the internal cable core 11. The second non-metallic fiber material component can be made of polyester filament, nylon, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid, etc.

[0046] refer to Figure 4The fiber optic sensing array 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes, from the inside out, an encapsulation layer 12, a second protective layer 30, a first protective layer 20, and a corrosion-resistant layer 40, which are sequentially sleeved or covered. The first protective layer 20 and the second protective layer 30 can each be independently selected from polyester filament, nylon, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, and aramid fibers; the materials of the two can be the same or different. By setting a double-layer protective layer made of non-metallic fiber materials, this invention can increase tensile strength and impact resistance within a limited space, making it particularly suitable for ultra-long-distance or ultra-deep-well fiber optic sensing array 10 laying scenarios where higher mechanical strength requirements are needed.

[0047] The first protective layer 20 provided in this embodiment of the invention is a non-metallic fiber material with a braided structure, and the second protective layer 30 is a non-metallic fiber material with a braided or twisted structure.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the first protective layer 20 is a first non-metallic fiber material made of a braided structure and the second protective layer 30 is a second non-metallic fiber material made of a twisted structure, the twisted structure of the second protective layer 30 achieves tensile strength, and the braided structure of the first protective layer 20 achieves clamping. The two work together to enhance the tensile strength.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first protective layer 20 and the second protective layer 30 are both made of non-metallic fiber material with a woven structure. During the manufacturing process, the inner and outer woven meshes will form physical cross-interlocking points between the interlayer fibers, forming an interlocking structure between the woven layers to prevent interlayer slippage.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple second protective layers 30, which are sequentially stacked radially from the inside to the outside between the first protective layer 20 and the encapsulation layer 12. In some embodiments, at least one second protective layer 30 is a braided structure layer formed by a braiding process of second non-metallic fiber bundles, and at least one second protective layer 30 is a stranded structure layer formed by a stranding process of second non-metallic fiber bundles. In some embodiments, the braided structure layer and the stranded structure layer are arranged alternately radially along the encapsulation layer 12, that is, they are distributed crosswise in the thickness direction. By cross-stacking the braided structure second protective layer 30 and the stranded structure second protective layer 30, the two non-metallic fiber material components with different structural forms complement each other and have complementary advantages, significantly improving the tensile strength, impact resistance and structural stability of the overall protective structure.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, a tight-fitting structure may be provided between adjacent layers of the fiber optic sensing array 10, the second protective layer 30, the first protective layer 20, and the corrosion-resistant layer 40 to prevent relative slippage between layers. The tight-fitting structure includes a fixing adhesive.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the outer diameter of the fiber optic sensor array 10 is 40mm-80mm. Optionally, the outer diameter of the fiber optic sensor array 10 is 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, etc.

[0053] This invention also provides an underwater device, including the fiber optic sensor array protection structure described in any of the above embodiments, for distributed real-time monitoring of underwater environmental parameters (such as temperature, pressure, vibration, strain, or acoustic signals). By employing the fiber optic sensor array protection structure described in the foregoing embodiments, this underwater device can possess excellent resistance to mechanical shock, corrosion resistance, and electromagnetic interference resistance without the introduction of metal components, making it particularly suitable for harsh working conditions such as deep sea, shallow sea, and long-term underwater deployment.

[0054] The underwater device in this embodiment of the invention also includes a tail connector 50 and a support cable 60, which are respectively located at both ends of the fiber optic sensor array 10. Specifically, along the extension direction of the fiber optic sensor array 10, the tail connector 50 is located at the tail end of the fiber optic sensor array 10 (i.e., the end furthest from the signal demodulation device), and the support cable 60 is located at the head end of the fiber optic sensor array 10 (i.e., the end closest to the signal demodulation device), for connecting the fiber optic sensor array 10 to a towed vessel or buoy platform on the water surface. The support cable 60 has a power supply cable and / or a signal transmission optical cable running through it, for providing power supply and a signal transmission channel for the fiber optic sensor array 10. The tail connector 50 is used to achieve a sealed termination at the tail end of the fiber optic sensor array 10, preventing external moisture from seeping into the interior along the axial direction of the fiber optic sensor array 10, and simultaneously providing bundle protection for the fiber optic cables at the tail end of the fiber optic sensor array 10.

[0055] The underwater device in this embodiment of the invention also includes an array connector. The fiber optic sensor array 10 consists of multiple segments, and adjacent segments of the fiber optic sensor array 10 are connected via the array connector. Specifically, for underwater applications requiring long-distance monitoring, the length of a single segment of the fiber optic sensor array 10 often cannot meet the actual needs. In this case, multiple segments of the fiber optic sensor array 10 can be connected in series along the axial direction, with adjacent segments of the fiber optic sensor array 10 achieving mechanical and optical connectivity through the array connector. The array connector is a bidirectional watertight connector, with its two ends detachably connected to the ends of two adjacent segments of the fiber optic sensor array 10. It contains an internal fiber optic docking assembly for optical alignment and coupling of the sensing fibers within the two segments of the fiber optic sensor array 10, ensuring low-loss continuity of optical signal transmission between segments. Through this multi-segment cascading method, the sensing length of the underwater device can be flexibly extended according to the actual monitoring range, greatly improving the applicability and configurability of the device.

[0056] The underwater equipment in this embodiment of the invention also includes a cable connector 70, located between the support cable 60 and the fiber optic sensor array 10. Specifically, the head end of the fiber optic sensor array 10 is detachably connected to one end of the support cable 60 via the cable connector 70. The cable connector 70 is a watertight connector, and it has an internal fiber optic docking port and / or electrical connection port for enabling optical / electrical communication between the fiber optic signals inside the fiber optic sensor array 10 and the fiber optics or wires inside the support cable 60. By providing the cable connector 70, this invention allows for quick plugging and unplugging and interchangeability between the fiber optic sensor array 10 and the support cable 60, facilitating the segmented transportation, on-site assembly, and subsequent maintenance and replacement of the underwater equipment.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber optic sensing array, characterized in that, include: The cable core, the encapsulation layer, and a plurality of optical fiber sensing units are provided at intervals along the extension direction of the cable core, and the encapsulation layer is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cable core and the plurality of optical fiber sensing units.

2. The fiber optic sensing array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the extension direction of the cable core, a plurality of optical fiber sensing units are arranged at circumferential spiral intervals along the cable core.

3. The fiber optic sensing array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the fiber optic sensing units is connected to the cable core via a Haver structure.

4. The fiber optic sensing array according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first protective layer and a corrosion-resistant layer, wherein the first protective layer is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer, and the corrosion-resistant layer is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the first protective layer; the first protective layer comprises a first non-metallic fiber material component.

5. The fiber optic sensing array according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a second protective layer, which is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the encapsulation layer and located between the encapsulation layer and the first protective layer; the second protective layer includes a second non-metallic fiber material component.

6. The fiber optic sensing array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first protective layer is a first non-metallic fiber material with a braided structure; the second protective layer is a second non-metallic fiber material with a braided or twisted structure.

7. The fiber optic sensing array according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the fiber optic sensing array is 40mm-80mm.

8. An underwater device, characterized in that, It includes an array tail connector, a cable support, and an optical fiber sensing array as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the array tail connector and the cable support are respectively disposed at both ends of the optical fiber sensing array.

9. The underwater device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes an array connector, wherein the fiber optic sensing array is multi-segmented and adjacent segments of the fiber optic sensing array are connected through the array connector.

10. The underwater device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a cable connector located between the cable support and the fiber optic sensing array.

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