Temperature acquisition method and temperature acquisition device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of data acquisition technology, and more particularly to a temperature acquisition method and a temperature acquisition device. The temperature acquisition method includes: determining the data packet sequence number of the current valid temperature value; if the data packet sequence number is 1, then outputting the current valid temperature value; if the data packet sequence number is 2 or 3, determining whether the absolute value of the difference is greater than a temperature change threshold; if yes, then outputting the final temperature value of the previous sampling period as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; if no, then outputting the current valid temperature value as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; if the data packet sequence number is N, determining whether the absolute value of all differences with the final temperature values ​​of the three sampling periods is greater than a temperature change threshold; if no, then outputting the final temperature value of the previous sampling period as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; if yes, then outputting the current valid temperature value. This invention at least provides a low-power, low-cost, high-precision, and smooth and continuous temperature acquisition method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data acquisition technology, and in particular relates to a temperature acquisition method and a temperature acquisition device. Background Technology

[0002] Automated and intelligent data acquisition and monitoring are core development trends in industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and healthcare, with sensors being the core components for data acquisition. In temperature monitoring scenarios, the stability, continuity, and accuracy of data directly determine the reliability of the system and the effectiveness of decision-making. In practical applications, sensors are susceptible to factors such as their own accuracy, environmental interference, transmission noise, and fluctuations in the measured object, leading to jumps, isolation, lack of correlation, and deviations from the true value in the acquired data, thus failing to accurately reflect the true state of the measured object.

[0003] Traditional optimization solutions often focus on hardware protection, transmission optimization, and sensor structure improvement. While these solutions can improve stability to some extent, they also suffer from problems such as system complexity, high cost, high power consumption, and limited effectiveness, making it difficult to balance the requirements of low cost, low power consumption, and high precision.

[0004] The current mainstream solutions for sensor data processing are averaging and extreme value removal filtering. Averaging is a commonly used analysis method in sensor data acquisition, mainly including arithmetic average and weighted average. This method incorporates all acquired data into the calculation, and each data point directly affects the final result. When a small number of outliers are mixed in the acquired data, these outliers can significantly interfere with the calculation results, causing the average value to deviate from the true temperature center and failing to accurately reflect the actual state of the measured object. Furthermore, this method requires high-frequency, large-batch data acquisition, which not only significantly increases system power consumption but also burdens the CPU. The calculation results are easily skewed by outliers, making it difficult to accurately reflect the temperature change trend. Extreme value removal filtering, on the other hand, is a common filtering method that first removes the maximum and minimum values ​​from the data and then averages the remaining data. It aims to reduce the interference of obvious outliers on the results. However, this method has obvious limitations: when the original sample size is small, removing extreme values ​​will further reduce the effective sample size, reduce the representativeness and credibility of the results. If the maximum or minimum value is not an outlier caused by interference, but is effective data reflecting the real changes, direct removal will cause the loss of key information and lead to output distortion. At the same time, this method only performs simple filtering for a single period and does not consider the correlation between data before and after, so it still cannot completely solve the problem of large temperature jumps and fluctuations.

[0005] In summary, current sensor data acquisition and processing generally suffer from the following problems: First, the acquisition and computation burden is heavy. High-frequency and large-volume acquisition leads to high CPU load, high power consumption, large data volume, and time-consuming computation, making it unsuitable for battery-powered portable or wearable devices. Second, outlier handling is crude, lacking dynamic threshold judgment. It either averages all data or simply deletes extreme values, which is prone to distortion and loss of effective information, resulting in a reduction in the amount of effective data and poor representativeness in small sample scenarios. Third, the data lacks temporal correlation, only performing single-cycle processing. The data is unrelated to previous data, cannot suppress abrupt changes, and the output is not smooth. Fourth, accuracy and power consumption are mutually exclusive. High accuracy depends on large data volume, while low power consumption results in low accuracy and insufficient stability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a temperature acquisition method and a temperature acquisition device, which at least provides a temperature acquisition method with low power consumption, low cost, high accuracy and smooth and continuous data.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a temperature acquisition method, comprising: Step 1, determining whether a sampling period has been reached; if yes, proceeding to Step 2; otherwise, not acquiring temperature and continuing to determine whether a sampling period has been reached; Step 2, acquiring temperature and obtaining a valid temperature value, determining whether the current valid temperature value is within the standard temperature range; if yes, proceeding to Step 3; otherwise, re-acquiring temperature and obtaining a valid temperature value; Step 3, determining the data packet sequence number of the current valid temperature value; if the data packet sequence number is 1, outputting the current valid temperature value as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; if the data packet sequence number is 2 or 3, calculating the difference between the current valid temperature value and the final temperature value of the previous sampling period, and determining the difference. If the absolute value of the current sample is greater than the temperature change threshold, then the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If not, the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If the data packet sequence number is N and N is greater than 3, then the current valid temperature value is subtracted from the final temperature values ​​of the previous 3 sampling periods. If the absolute value of all the differences is greater than the temperature change threshold, then the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If so, the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 2, collecting temperature and obtaining valid temperature values ​​includes: Step 21, collecting 3 temperature values ​​within the sampling time, sorting the 3 temperature values ​​from low to high; calculating the difference between the 2nd temperature value and the 1st temperature value, determining whether the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold; if so, the 1st temperature value is identified as an outlier and removed; if not, the 1st temperature value is retained; then calculating the difference between the 3rd temperature value and the 2nd temperature value, determining whether the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold; if so, the 3rd temperature value is identified as an outlier and removed, retaining the 2nd temperature value; if not, retaining both the 2nd and 3rd temperature values; Step 22, summing the retained temperature values ​​and dividing by the number of valid values ​​to obtain the current valid temperature value.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 21, the sampling time is within the range of 0.5 min to 1.5 min, and three temperature values ​​are collected evenly within the sampling time.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition method is used to collect the body temperature of animals, with a temperature change threshold in the range of 0.2℃ to 0.6℃.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition method is used to collect the body temperature of animals, with a sampling cycle of once every M hours, where M is in the range of 0.1 hours to 2 hours.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention provides a temperature acquisition device that acquires temperature based on the aforementioned temperature acquisition method.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition device is used to collect the body temperature of livestock animals, and the temperature acquisition device is an in-ear temperature measurement ear tag.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition device includes: a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, and a communication module. The temperature sensor is connected to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is connected to the communication module. The temperature sensor is used to acquire temperature, the microcontroller receives the temperature acquired by the temperature sensor and processes the data to obtain the final temperature value, and the communication module is used to realize the data transmission of the final temperature value.

[0015] Furthermore, a temperature acquisition device is used to collect the body temperature of cattle; the temperature acquisition device is a cattle ear tag.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects: The temperature acquisition method and device provided by the present invention realize a low-power, low-cost, high-precision, and smooth and continuous temperature data acquisition and processing method. Specifically, the present invention adopts multi-packet timing verification to ensure smooth temperature rise and fall, no jumps, no isolated points, and closely matches the real change trend; in each sampling cycle, only 3 temperature values ​​are collected within the sampling duration, avoiding high-frequency acquisition, which helps to significantly reduce power consumption and is compatible with battery-powered portable acquisition devices; calculation and data processing are based on a small number of samples, eliminating the need for a high-performance processor, resulting in low hardware cost and strong real-time performance; through adjacent value comparison, standard temperature range limitation, and temperature change threshold limitation, interference is accurately eliminated without mistakenly deleting true extreme values, making anomaly handling more accurate; the measured temperature measurement accuracy reaches ±0.2℃, with an average error ≤0.01℃, demonstrating high accuracy and strong reliability; it can be adapted to various temperature sensors such as infrared, thermocouples, and thermistors, and is suitable for multiple scenarios such as animal husbandry, industry, and medicine, with strong versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates the steps of the temperature acquisition method described in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] refer to Figure 1This invention provides a temperature acquisition method, comprising: Step 1, determining whether a sampling period has been reached; if yes, proceeding to Step 2; otherwise, not acquiring temperature and continuing to determine whether a sampling period has been reached; Step 2, acquiring temperature and obtaining a valid temperature value, determining whether the current valid temperature value is within the standard temperature range; if yes, proceeding to Step 3; otherwise, re-acquiring temperature and obtaining a valid temperature value; Step 3, determining the data packet sequence number of the current valid temperature value; if the data packet sequence number is 1, outputting the current valid temperature value as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; if the data packet sequence number is 2 or 3, calculating the difference between the current valid temperature value and the final temperature value of the previous sampling period, and determining the difference... If the absolute value of the temperature change threshold is greater than the temperature change threshold, the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If not, the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If the data packet sequence number is N, and N is greater than 3, the current valid temperature value is subtracted from the final temperature values ​​of the previous 3 sampling periods. The absolute value of each difference is then checked to see if it is greater than the temperature change threshold. If not, the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If so, the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. This process helps ensure smooth temperature rises and falls, without jumps or isolated points, closely reflecting the actual temperature change trend.

[0024] Wherein, if the data packet sequence number is N, and N is greater than 3, then subtracting the current effective temperature value from the final temperature value of the previous 3 sampling periods means: subtracting the current effective temperature value from the final temperature value of the sampling period with data packet sequence number N-1, subtracting the current effective temperature value from the final temperature value of the sampling period with data packet sequence number N-2, and subtracting the current effective temperature value from the final temperature value of the sampling period with data packet sequence number N-3.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 2, collecting temperature and obtaining valid temperature values ​​includes: Step 21, collecting 3 temperature values ​​within the sampling time, sorting the 3 temperature values ​​from low to high; calculating the difference between the 2nd temperature value and the 1st temperature value, determining whether the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold; if so, the 1st temperature value is identified as an outlier and removed; if not, the 1st temperature value is retained; then calculating the difference between the 3rd temperature value and the 2nd temperature value, determining whether the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold; if so, the 3rd temperature value is identified as an outlier and removed, retaining the 2nd temperature value; if not, retaining both the 2nd and 3rd temperature values; Step 22, summing the retained temperature values ​​and dividing by the number of valid values ​​to obtain the current valid temperature value.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 21, the sampling time is within the range of 0.5 min to 1.5 min, and three temperature values ​​are collected evenly within the sampling time.

[0027] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition method is used to collect the body temperature of animals, which can be livestock or poultry, with a temperature change threshold in the range of 0.2℃ to 0.6℃. In some embodiments, the temperature change threshold is 0.5℃ or 0.2℃. It is understood that the above embodiments are merely examples, and in specific applications, specific temperature change thresholds can be set according to the physiological characteristics or temperature change characteristics of the object being measured.

[0028] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition method is used to collect the body temperature of animals, which can be livestock or poultry. The sampling period is once every M hours, where M is in the range of 0.1 hours to 2 hours. It is understood that the above embodiments are merely examples, and the sampling period can be set according to actual needs.

[0029] In another aspect, the present invention provides a temperature acquisition device that acquires temperature based on the aforementioned temperature acquisition method.

[0030] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition device is used to collect the body temperature of livestock animals, and the temperature acquisition device is an in-ear temperature measurement ear tag.

[0031] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition device includes: a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, and a communication module. The temperature sensor is connected to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is connected to the communication module. The temperature sensor is used to acquire temperature data. The microcontroller receives the temperature data acquired by the temperature sensor and processes the data to obtain the final temperature value. The communication module is used to transmit the final temperature value.

[0032] In some embodiments, the temperature acquisition device is used to collect the body temperature of free-range or grazing livestock. For example, the temperature acquisition device is used to collect the body temperature of free-range or grazing cattle, and the temperature acquisition device is a cattle ear tag.

[0033] In some embodiments, the temperature acquisition device can report the final temperature value, temperature acquisition device identifier, time, and other information to the data gateway via Xingshan. The data gateway then reports the data to the AIoT platform via the 4G network. The mobile terminal application system obtains the relevant data through the AIoT platform and performs data analysis, summarization, or display.

[0034] In a specific example, the temperature acquisition method provided by this invention is applied to an in-ear temperature measurement ear tag. The in-ear temperature measurement ear tag internally encapsulates an infrared temperature sensor, a low-power communication module, and a microcontroller. The microcontroller has a pre-installed algorithm program for the temperature acquisition method provided by this invention. As an IoT terminal, the in-ear temperature measurement ear tag acquires the final temperature value, which is then sent to a data gateway via the low-power communication module. The data gateway then uploads the final temperature value to an AIoT platform via the network. The mobile terminal application system acquires and displays the data through the AIoT platform.

[0035] In a specific example, the in-ear temperature measurement ear tag is a cow ear tag. The cow ear tag uses a temperature acquisition method to monitor the cow's body temperature. In this case, the sampling cycle is once every 15 minutes. Within each sampling cycle, the cow ear tag collects the temperature three times evenly within 1 minute. The temperature change threshold is set to 0.5℃. This value combines the sensor's nominal accuracy (0.2℃) and the natural fluctuation range of the livestock's body temperature within 1 minute (not exceeding 0.5℃). The standard temperature range can be set to 38.0℃~39.5℃ based on the normal body temperature of cattle.

[0036] The specific temperature measurement method for cow ear tags is as follows: After the bull's ear logo is activated, the microcontroller determines whether the sampling period has been reached. If not, it maintains low-power sleep mode and continues to wait. If so, it wakes up the infrared temperature sensor to collect temperature data. Within a 1-minute sampling period, the infrared temperature sensor collects 3 temperature values. The microcontroller first sorts these 3 temperature values ​​from low to high, and then performs adjacent value comparison, that is, the median value minus the minimum value. If the difference exceeds 0.5℃, the minimum value is discarded as an outlier. Then, the maximum value is subtracted from the median value. If the difference exceeds 0.5℃, the maximum value is discarded as an outlier. After discarding the outliers, the remaining temperature values ​​are averaged to obtain the current effective temperature value of the current sampling period. The microcontroller determines whether the current effective temperature value is within the range of 38.0℃~39.5℃. If it is within the range, it continues processing; if it is outside the range, it re-acquires the temperature. Then, the multi-packet timing verification begins, where the microcontroller records which sampling period the data is currently in, and that sampling period corresponds to which packet of data. If it is the first data packet and there is no historical data to compare, the current valid temperature value is directly output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; If it is the second or third data packet, it is compared with the final temperature value of the previous sampling period. If the difference exceeds 0.5℃, it means that the temperature is changing too fast. To be on the safe side, the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is used. If the difference does not exceed 0.5℃, it means that the change is reasonable. The current valid temperature value is then output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If it is the 4th data packet or data from the 4th packet onwards, the current effective temperature value is compared with the final temperature value of the previous 3 sampling periods and the current effective temperature value of all previous sampling periods one by one. If each difference exceeds 0.5℃, it means that the temperature is indeed changing continuously, and the current effective temperature value is output as the final temperature value. If the current effective temperature value is close to the final temperature value of a previous sampling period, it means that the change is not significant, so the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is used. Once the final temperature value for the current sampling period is determined, the microcontroller sends out the final temperature value data, ear tag number, timestamp, and other information through the low-power communication module, and then re-enters sleep mode, waiting to be woken up for the next sampling period.

[0037] It is understood that, in another embodiment, the temperature acquisition method provided by the present invention is applied to the body temperature monitoring of sheep. The normal body temperature range of sheep is 38.0℃~40.0℃, and the standard temperature range is adjusted accordingly to 38.0℃~40.0℃. The remaining sampling strategies and verification logic remain unchanged. It is understood that the standard temperature range can be adjusted according to the physiological characteristics of different livestock species, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] It is understandable that, in addition to its application in livestock body temperature monitoring, the temperature acquisition method provided by this invention can also be applied to other fields, such as industrial temperature acquisition, portable temperature measuring devices, and medical temperature measurement, which require low power consumption, high stability, and high accuracy.

[0039] Compared with a standard temperature gun, the two in-ear temperature measuring ear tags (cow ear tags) provided by this invention were compared and tested. Each device was tested 13 to 15 times. Finally, the average temperature accuracy of the first in-ear temperature measuring ear tag was determined to be 0.01℃, the average temperature accuracy of the second in-ear temperature measuring ear tag was 0.01℃, and the overall temperature measurement accuracy of the two in-ear temperature measuring ear tags was ±0.2℃. Moreover, the data of this invention is smooth, without jumps, and continuous and stable.

[0040] The comparison test table for the first in-ear temperature measurement ear tag is shown below:

[0041] The comparison test table for the second in-ear temperature measurement ear tag is shown below:

[0042] Therefore, the temperature measurement accuracy of this invention is ±0.2℃, which is much higher than that of traditional temperature testers, and the test data is smooth with no jumps.

[0043] In summary, the temperature acquisition method and device provided by this invention achieve high-precision, high-stability, smooth and continuous temperature data output under the conditions of low sampling rate and low power consumption, and solve the defects of traditional solutions such as data jumps, distortion, high power consumption and large amount of computation.

[0044] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0045] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A temperature acquisition method, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Determine if the sampling period has been reached. If yes, proceed to Step 2. If no, do not collect temperature data and continue to determine if the sampling period has been reached. Step 2: Collect the temperature and obtain the effective temperature value. Determine whether the current effective temperature value is within the standard temperature range. If yes, proceed to Step 3. If no, collect the temperature again and obtain the effective temperature value. Step 3: Determine the data packet sequence number of the current valid temperature value; If the data packet sequence number is 1, then the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period; If the data packet sequence number is 2 or 3, the difference between the current valid temperature value and the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is calculated, and it is determined whether the absolute value of the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold. If it is, the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If not, the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If the data packet sequence number is N and N is greater than 3, then the current valid temperature value is subtracted from the final temperature value of all sampling periods obtained in the previous 3 sampling periods. It is then determined whether the absolute value of all differences is greater than the temperature change threshold. If not, the final temperature value of the previous sampling period is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period. If so, the current valid temperature value is output as the final temperature value of the current sampling period.

2. The temperature acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2, collecting temperature data and obtaining valid temperature values, includes: Step 21: Collect 3 temperature values ​​within the sampling time and sort the 3 temperature values ​​from low to high; calculate the difference between the 2nd temperature value and the 1st temperature value, and determine whether the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold. If so, the 1st temperature value is identified as an outlier and removed; otherwise, the 1st temperature value is retained. Then calculate the difference between the 3rd temperature value and the 2nd temperature value, and determine whether the difference is greater than the temperature change threshold. If so, the 3rd temperature value is identified as an outlier and removed, and the 2nd temperature value is retained; otherwise, the 2nd and 3rd temperature values ​​are retained. Step 22: Sum the retained temperature values ​​and divide by the number of valid values ​​to obtain the current valid temperature value.

3. The temperature acquisition method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 21, the sampling time is within the range of 0.5 min to 1.5 min, and three temperature values ​​are collected evenly within the sampling time.

4. The temperature acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition method is used to collect the body temperature of animals, and the temperature change threshold is in the range of 0.2℃ to 0.6℃.

5. The temperature acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition method is used to collect the body temperature of animals, and the sampling period is once every M hours, where M is in the range of 0.1 hours to 2 hours.

6. A temperature acquisition device, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition device acquires temperature based on the temperature acquisition method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The temperature acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition device is used to collect the body temperature of livestock animals, and the temperature acquisition device is an in-ear temperature measuring ear tag.

8. The temperature acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition device includes a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, and a communication module. The temperature sensor is connected to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is connected to the communication module. The temperature sensor is used to acquire temperature data. The microcontroller receives the temperature data acquired by the temperature sensor and processes the data to obtain the final temperature value. The communication module is used to transmit the final temperature value.

Images