A building anti-seismic structure testing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a seismic resistance testing device for buildings, belonging to the technical field of testing equipment. It includes: a simulation chamber with an environmental simulation component mounted on its top; a fixed ring plate rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the simulation chamber via bearings; a connecting ring plate above the fixed ring plate; a middle ring plate for limiting and fixing the connecting ring plate's position fixedly connected to its bottom end; a supporting ring plate above the connecting ring plate; and an outer ring plate and an inner ring plate adapted to the connecting ring plate fixedly connected to its bottom end. Multiple pressure sensors arranged in a ring array are mounted on the bottom end of the supporting ring plate. This seismic resistance testing device for buildings, through its integrated structural design incorporating multi-layered ring plates for positioning, real-time pressure sensing monitoring, eccentric wheel vibration excitation, and multi-dimensional environmental simulation, effectively improves the comprehensiveness, accuracy, and realism of seismic performance testing of building structures. It also significantly broadens the applicability of the equipment and reduces testing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing equipment technology, and in particular to a testing device for seismic-resistant building structures. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquake-resistant building structures refer to structural systems and technologies designed for use in building design and construction to cope with vibrations and impacts that may be caused by geological disasters such as earthquakes. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of earthquake-resistant building structures, it is necessary to test the seismic capacity of the structure. Conventional testing equipment simulates earthquakes, but it does not have the ability to adjust the vibration level, the testing capacity is relatively fixed, and it also lacks environmental adjustment capabilities, making it impossible to simulate tests under different environments.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent document (authorization announcement number CN224051546U) relating to a seismic resistance testing device for building structures. The device includes a base and a swaying platform mounted on the base. The swaying platform slides horizontally and is controlled by a drive mechanism to move back and forth left and right. A rotating platform is rotatably mounted on the top of the swaying platform, supporting the building structure under test and allowing for adjustment of the structure's placement and fixation. The drive mechanism then controls the swaying platform to sway back and forth at a certain frequency to conduct seismic tests on the building structure. After completing the test in one direction, the orientation of the building structure is readjusted by rotating the rotating platform to conduct seismic tests in different directions. This testing method allows for seismic testing of building structures from different directional dimensions, providing a more comprehensive testing scope and more reliable results.

[0004] The testing equipment in the aforementioned patent simulates earthquakes, but it lacks the ability to adjust the vibration level, its testing capabilities are relatively fixed, and it also lacks environmental adjustment capabilities, making it unable to simulate tests under different environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for the seismic resistance structure of buildings to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a test device for seismic-resistant building structures, comprising:

[0007] The simulation chamber has an environmental simulation component installed on top;

[0008] A fixed ring plate is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the simulation chamber via bearings. A connecting ring plate is provided above the fixed ring plate. A middle ring plate for limiting the fixed ring plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting ring plate. A support ring plate is provided above the connecting ring plate. An outer ring plate and an inner ring plate adapted to the connecting ring plate are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support ring plate. Multiple pressure sensors arranged in a ring array are installed at the bottom end of the support ring plate. A spring is connected between the measuring part of the pressure sensor and the connecting ring plate. Multiple threaded channels arranged in a ring array are opened on the outer periphery of the middle ring plate. Multiple through-hole groups corresponding to the positions of the threaded channels are opened on the outer periphery of the fixed ring plate. The through-hole groups include multiple through holes arranged in parallel. A fixed threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded channel and passes through the through hole.

[0009] Multiple U-shaped auxiliary plates are installed on the inner wall of the simulation box. Rotating rods are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary plates. Multiple eccentric wheels that strike the support ring plates are connected to the outer periphery of the rotating rods. A first servo motor that provides power to the rotating rods is installed on the outer periphery of the auxiliary plates.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the simulation chamber is equipped with multiple support structures, and a hollow plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support ring plate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a second servo motor is installed at the bottom of the simulation box, and the output shaft of the second servo motor passes through the simulation box and is connected to a power rod.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the top of the power rod is connected to an insert plate that is compatible with the hollow plate, and an angle sensor is installed on the outer periphery of the power rod.

[0013] As a preferred implementation, the environmental simulation component includes:

[0014] An air chamber is installed at the top of the simulation chamber. The inner wall of the air chamber is equipped with a fan to accelerate airflow, a heating tube for heating, and a cooling plate for cooling.

[0015] The auxiliary ring plate is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the simulation chamber via bearings. Two symmetrically arranged inverted U-shaped mounting plates are installed at the bottom of the auxiliary ring plate. The inner wall of the mounting plates is rotatably connected to a blower box with an opening at the bottom via a rotating shaft. The blower box is connected to the air box through a ventilation pipe that runs through the simulation chamber.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the outer periphery of the assembly plate is equipped with a forward and reverse motor that provides power to the rotating shaft, the inner wall of the air box is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged air-gathering plates, and the top of the air box is also connected to multiple air exchange pipes with solenoid valves.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, multiple temperature and humidity sensors are installed on the inner walls of both the air chamber and the simulation chamber, and a spray plate is installed on the side of the blower box.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the side of the spray plate is connected to multiple water nozzles, and the spray plate is connected to an external water supply device.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the top of the support ring plate is detachably connected to a support plate that supports the building structure that needs to be tested for seismic resistance, and the side of the simulation box is rotatably connected to a movable door.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing strip is installed on the outer periphery of the sliding door, and a viewing window is embedded in the side of the sliding door.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] I. Accurately collect vibration force data, significantly improving test accuracy.

[0023] This device innovatively employs a multi-layered nested ring plate combined with springs and pressure sensors to completely solve the shortcomings of traditional seismic testing equipment, such as single force detection and large data errors. Through the nested and adaptable structure of the fixed ring plate, middle ring plate, connecting ring plate, and inner and outer ring plates, the device achieves precise positioning and installation of the supporting ring plate, ensuring the stability of the tested load-bearing structure and avoiding data deviations caused by the offset or shaking of load-bearing components during testing. Simultaneously, multiple sets of pressure sensors are arranged in a ring array at the bottom of the supporting ring plate, and the sensor measuring parts are elastically connected to the connecting ring plate via springs. During the simulated seismic conditions of eccentric wheel impact vibration and structural rotation, the springs can adaptively buffer and transmit vibration stress, effectively simulating the elastic stress deformation state of building structures in real earthquakes and achieving 360° omnidirectional force data acquisition.

[0024] Compared to traditional single-point pressure testing structures, this ring array sensing structure can comprehensively capture subtle force changes in building test structures during vibration, torsion, and compression. Combined with angle sensors on the outer periphery of the dynamic rod, it can simultaneously collect structural vibration angles, deformation amplitudes, and force values, achieving synchronous matching and monitoring of mechanical data and motion parameters. This multi-dimensional, high-density data acquisition method effectively avoids the distortion of test results caused by missing local data and detection blind spots, greatly improving the testing accuracy of core parameters such as seismic bearing capacity, deformation resistance, and structural stability of building structures. This provides accurate and reliable data support for the optimized design of seismic-resistant building structures.

[0025] II. Achieve multi-condition vibration simulation to closely match real earthquake resistance testing scenarios.

[0026] Traditional seismic testing devices for buildings can mostly only simulate single vertical or lateral vibrations, failing to reproduce the complex vibrations and multi-angle swaying conditions of real earthquakes, resulting in significant discrepancies between test results and actual engineering scenarios. This device, through a dual-power vibration structure design, constructs a multi-dimensional, composite seismic vibration simulation system, significantly improving the realism of the test scenario. On one hand, the U-shaped auxiliary plate, rotating rod, and eccentric wheel structure symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the simulation chamber, through a first servo motor providing stable power, drives multiple sets of ring-arranged eccentric wheels to continuously strike the supporting ring plate, simulating the high-frequency reciprocating vibrations and lateral swaying loads generated by earthquakes, accurately reproducing the impact of seismic shear waves on building structures.

[0027] On the other hand, the second servo motor at the bottom of the simulation chamber can drive the power rod, hollow plate, and support ring plate to rotate as a whole. Combined with the bearing-connected fixed ring plate and auxiliary ring plate structure, it can simulate multi-angle torsion and ring-shaped swaying of the test structure, effectively reproducing the combined effects of seismic longitudinal waves and torsional vibrations, breaking through the limitations of traditional equipment's single vibration mode. The fixed ring plate and the middle ring plate are fixed by a threaded rod through-hole assembly. Through the cooperation of the threaded channel and multiple sets of through holes, the fixing position and locking force can be flexibly adjusted. Simultaneously, the angle sensor can monitor the rotation angle and vibration amplitude in real time. Combined with the servo motor's speed adjustment function, it can freely switch between low-frequency, high-frequency, small-amplitude, and large-amplitude vibration conditions, simulating different levels and types of seismic vibration environments. It is suitable for diverse seismic testing needs of low-rise, high-rise, and irregularly shaped building structures, making the testing process infinitely close to real earthquake disaster scenarios.

[0028] III. Integrated environmental simulation to achieve multi-factor coupled seismic testing

[0029] In real-world seismic service, buildings are not only affected by seismic vibration loads but also face complex environmental factors such as temperature differences, wind, rain, and airflow over extended periods. Single seismic vibration tests cannot comprehensively assess the overall seismic durability of a building structure. This device integrates a unified intelligent environmental simulation component, constructing a multi-factor coupled testing environment, filling the technological gap in traditional seismic testing that cannot account for environmental interference. The air chamber at the top of the device houses a fan, heating element, and cooling coil, enabling precise adjustment of airflow velocity and ambient temperature within the chamber to simulate harsh environmental conditions such as strong winds, high temperatures, and low temperatures. Combined with a rotatable auxiliary ring plate and an angle-adjustable airflow box structure, it can achieve multi-angle directional airflow, replicating the cumulative impact of outdoor natural wind loads on the seismic stability of buildings.

[0030] Meanwhile, the spray plate and water spray head matched with the air blowing box can simulate the rainfall environment, and cooperate with the temperature and humidity sensors arranged inside the box body to realize real-time monitoring and closed-loop regulation of temperature and humidity, air flow, and rainfall parameters, which can accurately simulate various complex outdoor climate environments such as high temperature and rainy, low temperature and strong wind. By combining seismic vibration test and environment simulation test, the seismic performance test of building structures under the coupled action of multiple factors including vibration, temperature, humidity, wind force and rain is realized, which can accurately test the performance changes of building structures such as seismic attenuation, structural aging, deformation and damage under complex working conditions, comprehensively evaluate the seismic durability of buildings in real service environments, and greatly improve the comprehensiveness and engineering reference value of test results.

[0031] This building seismic structure testing device effectively improves the comprehensiveness, accuracy and authenticity of the seismic performance test of building structures through the integrated structural design of multi-layer ring plate matching positioning, real-time pressure sensor monitoring, eccentric wheel vibration excitation, and multi-dimensional environment simulation, while greatly broadening the applicable scope of equipment testing and reducing the test cost. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a front view of the present invention after the box door and the access door are removed;

[0034] Figure 3 is the Figure 2 of the present invention, which is a front view after the support ring plate is removed;

[0035] Figure 4 is a front view of the air box of the present invention after the access door is removed;

[0036] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the fixed ring plate and the support ring plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is a front view of the auxiliary ring plate and the air blowing box of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is a bottom view of the auxiliary ring plate and the assembly plate of the present invention.

[0039] In the drawings: 1. Simulation box; 2. Environment simulation assembly; 3. Fixed ring plate; 4. Connection ring plate; 5. Middle ring plate; 6. Support ring plate; 7. Outer ring plate; 8. Inner ring plate; 9. Pressure sensor; 10. Spring; 11. Fixed threaded rod; 12. Auxiliary plate; 13. Rotating rod; 14. Eccentric wheel; 15. First servo motor; 16. Support structure; 17. Hollow plate; 18. Second servo motor; 19. Power rod; 20. Insert plate; 21. Angle sensor; 22. Support plate; 23. Movable door;

[0040] 201. Air box; 202. Fan; 203. Heating element; 204. Cooling element; 205. Auxiliary ring plate; 206. Assembly plate; 207. Air blower box; 208. Ventilation pipe; 209. Forward and reverse motor; 210. Air concentrator; 211. Ventilation pipe; 212. Temperature sensor; 213. Humidity sensor; 214. Spray plate; 215. Spray nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0042] The connection method can be any existing method, such as bonding, welding, or bolting, depending on the actual needs.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 7 A test device for seismic resistance of building structures, comprising:

[0044] Simulation box 1, with environmental simulation component 2 installed on top;

[0045] A fixed ring plate 3 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the simulation box 1 via a bearing. A connecting ring plate 4 is provided above the fixed ring plate 3. A middle ring plate 5 for limiting the fixed ring plate 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting ring plate 4. A support ring plate 6 is provided above the connecting ring plate 4. An outer ring plate 7 and an inner ring plate 8 adapted to the connecting ring plate 4 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support ring plate 6. Multiple pressure sensors 9 arranged in a ring array are installed at the bottom end of the support ring plate 6. A spring 10 is connected between the measuring part of the pressure sensor 9 and the connecting ring plate 4. Multiple threaded channels arranged in a ring array are opened on the outer periphery of the middle ring plate 5. Multiple through hole groups corresponding to the positions of the threaded channels are opened on the outer periphery of the fixed ring plate 3. The through hole group includes multiple through holes arranged in parallel. A fixed threaded rod 11 is threadedly connected to the threaded channel and passes through the through hole.

[0046] A double anti-loosening structure is added to the original locking structure of the fixed threaded rod 11 to improve locking stability under vibration conditions. First, an anti-loosening nut and an elastic anti-loosening washer are added to the end of the fixed threaded rod 11. The elastic deformation of the washer offsets the thread gap caused by vibration, preventing the threaded rod 11 from loosening. Second, the original parallel through-hole group of the fixed ring plate 3 is replaced with an arc-shaped long strip limiting groove, which, together with the threaded rod 11, achieves 360° stepless fine-tuning alignment, accurately corrects the coaxiality deviation of the multi-layer ring plate, and eliminates the problem of eccentric swaying. At the same time, an anti-slip toothed structure is added to the mating surface of the middle ring plate 5 and the fixed ring plate 3, and the nested contact surface of the outer ring plate 7 and the connecting ring plate 4, to increase the mating friction and further enhance the overall limiting effect of the multi-layer ring plate. This completely solves the problem of structural loosening and misalignment under vibration conditions and ensures the long-term detection accuracy of the pressure sensor 9.

[0047] The fixed ring plate 3 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the simulation chamber 1 via bearings, allowing for free rotation and adjustment. The middle ring plate 5, fixed at the bottom of the connecting ring plate 4, is sleeved and limited on the outside of the fixed ring plate 3, achieving initial alignment and limitation of the upper and lower structures. The bottom of the support ring plate 6 is fixed with mutually compatible outer ring plate 7 and inner ring plate 8, which can be precisely nested and engaged above the connecting ring plate 4, achieving coaxial alignment and assembly of the three ring plates. Using the threaded channels distributed in an annular array on the outer periphery of the middle ring plate 5, the operator matches the corresponding positions of multiple sets of parallel through holes on the outer periphery of the fixed ring plate 3, inserts the fixed threaded rod 11 through the through hole, and locks it with the threaded channel, completing the overall fixing and limitation of the fixed ring plate 3, connecting ring plate 4, and support ring plate 6. The movable door 23 on the side of the simulation chamber 1 is then closed, and the sealing strip on the outer periphery of the movable door 23 ensures the sealing of subsequent tests. The internal test status can be observed throughout the process through the embedded viewing window.

[0048] Multiple U-shaped auxiliary plates 12 are installed on the inner wall of the simulation box 1. A rotating rod 13 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary plate 12. Multiple eccentric wheels 14 that strike the support ring plate 6 are connected to the outer periphery of the rotating rod 13. A first servo motor 15 that provides power to the rotating rod 13 is installed on the outer periphery of the auxiliary plate 12.

[0049] Multiple support structures 16 are installed at the bottom of the simulation box 1.

[0050] A hollow plate 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support ring plate 6. A second servo motor 18 is installed at the bottom end of the simulation box 1. The output shaft of the second servo motor 18 passes through the simulation box 1 and is connected to a power rod 19. The top end of the power rod 19 is connected to an insert plate 20 that is compatible with the hollow plate 17. An angle sensor 21 is installed on the outer periphery of the power rod 19.

[0051] The vibration excitation layout and sensing structure were optimized to improve vibration uniformity and detection comprehensiveness. Four sets of auxiliary plates 12, along with matching rotating rods 13 and eccentric wheels 14, were added to the inner wall of the simulation chamber 1, arranged in a uniform ring array. These are synchronously driven by the first servo motor 15 to achieve uniform impact vibration across the entire support ring plate 6, eliminating local vibration differences and recreating a uniform seismic vibration condition.

[0052] First, the first servo motor 15 on the outer periphery of the U-shaped auxiliary plates 12 on both sides of the inner wall of the simulation chamber 1 is activated. The first servo motor 15 drives the rotating rod 13 on the inner wall of the auxiliary plate 12 to rotate at a constant speed, causing multiple eccentric wheels 14 assembled on the outer periphery of the rotating rod 13 to continuously and evenly strike the support ring plate 6, generating high-frequency reciprocating lateral vibration and vertical micro-vibration, accurately simulating the impact load of seismic shear waves on the building structure. Second, the second servo motor 18 at the bottom of the simulation chamber 1 is activated. The second servo motor 18 drives the power rod 19 and the insert plate 20 to rotate the hollow plate 17 and the overall load-bearing structure above it. In conjunction with the bearing rotation structure of the fixed ring plate 3 and the top auxiliary ring plate 205, the test sample is subjected to multi-angle torsion and ring shaking, simulating the combined vibration condition of seismic longitudinal waves and torsion. During the test, the angle sensor 21 monitors the rotation angle, vibration frequency and amplitude in real time. By adjusting the speed of the servo motor, the vibration modes of high and low frequency and large and small amplitude can be switched to adapt to the simulation requirements of different levels of earthquakes.

[0053] Environment simulation component 2 includes:

[0054] An air box 201 is installed at the top of the simulation box 1. The inner wall of the air box 201 is equipped with a fan 202 to accelerate air flow, a heating tube 203 for heating, and a cooling plate 204 for cooling. The cooling plate 204 includes an internal cooling part and an external heat dissipation part. An inspection door is rotatably connected to the side of the air box 201.

[0055] The auxiliary ring plate 205 is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the simulation box 1 via a bearing. Two symmetrically arranged inverted U-shaped assembly plates 206 are installed at the bottom of the auxiliary ring plate 205. The inner wall of the assembly plate 206 is rotatably connected to a blower box 207 with an opening at the bottom via a rotating shaft. The blower box 207 is connected to the air box 201 via a ventilation pipe 208 that passes through the simulation box 1.

[0056] The outer periphery of the assembly plate 206 is equipped with a forward and reverse motor 209 that provides power to the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the air box 207 is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged air-gathering plates 210. The top of the air box 201 is also connected to multiple air exchange pipes 211 with solenoid valves. Multiple temperature sensors 212 and humidity sensors 213 are installed on the inner wall of the air box 201 and the inner wall of the simulation box 1. A spray plate 214 is installed on the side of the air box 207. Multiple water spray heads 215 are connected to the side of the spray plate 214. The spray plate 214 is connected to an external water supply device.

[0057] The environmental perception and linkage control system has been upgraded, and the environmental simulation structure has been optimized. First, multiple sets of temperature sensors 212 and humidity sensors 213 have been added, arranged in a layered, ring array, to achieve real-time acquisition of environmental parameters throughout the simulation chamber 1. The average value of the parameters throughout the entire area is fitted by the controller algorithm to eliminate single-point detection errors. Second, the blower box 207 has been upgraded to a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable structure, adding left and right swing function to the original pitch adjustment. Combined with the adjustable airflow guide structure of the air concentrator 210, uniform air delivery throughout the entire area is achieved. Third, a closed-loop control logic for linkage between the fan 202, heating pipe 203, cooling element 204, and water spray head 215 has been established through the controller. The operating power of the equipment is corrected in real time based on the data from the sensors throughout the entire area, eliminating the lag in switching between operating conditions and achieving precise synchronous coupling of wind speed, temperature, humidity, and rainfall, highly replicating the harsh outdoor environment.

[0058] The fan 202 inside the air chamber 201 starts to accelerate airflow, working with the heating element 203 and the cooling element 204 to regulate the temperature inside the chamber, simulating harsh weather conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, and strong wind. The ventilation pipe 211 with a solenoid valve at the top of the air chamber 201 can autonomously regulate the airflow and air pressure inside the chamber. At the same time, the auxiliary ring plate 205 can rotate along the bearing on the top wall of the simulation chamber 1, driving the inverted U-shaped assembly plate 206 at the bottom to rotate as a whole. The forward and reverse motors 209 on the outer periphery of the assembly plate 206 drive the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the air blower box 207 to adjust its pitch at multiple angles. The airflow inside the air chamber 201 is introduced into the air blower box 207 through the ventilation pipe 208, and the airflow is gathered by the symmetrically arranged air-gathering plates 210 inside the air blower box 207 to achieve multi-angle directional air delivery. In addition, the external water supply equipment is activated, and water flows through multiple spray nozzles 215 on the side of the spray plate 214 to spray out, simulating rainfall conditions; combined with the temperature sensor 212 and humidity sensor 213 inside the simulation box 1 and the air box 201, the temperature and humidity parameters inside the box are controlled in real time in a closed loop to restore the real complex outdoor service environment.

[0059] The top of the support ring plate 6 is detachably connected to a support plate 22 that supports the building structure that needs to be tested for seismic resistance. The side of the simulation box 1 is rotatably connected to a movable door 23. A sealing strip is installed on the outer periphery of the movable door 23, and a viewing window is embedded in the side of the movable door 23.

[0060] Based on the dimensions and specifications of the building structure model to be tested, a suitable support plate 22 is selected and detachably installed on the top of the support ring plate 6, thus completing the construction of the load-bearing foundation for the test specimen. The building structure model to be tested is then stably placed on the surface of the support plate 22, completing the initial positioning and installation of the test specimen.

[0061] A real-time calibration and synchronization control system was established to eliminate multi-device coordination errors. Independent encoders were added to the output terminals of the first servo motor 15, the second servo motor 18, and the forward / reverse motor 209 to collect the speed and angle parameters of each device in real time and feed them back to the controller. The controller employs a differential synchronization compensation algorithm to compare the operating parameters of each device in real time and dynamically fine-tune and compensate for devices with deviations, eliminating synchronization errors caused by mechanical wear and transmission backlash. Simultaneously, the parallel drive control program was optimized, and an initial alignment calibration program was added. Before each device startup, the zero-point calibration of all electrical control devices is automatically completed, ensuring accurate and synchronized operation of multiple sets of devices throughout the entire process, improving the consistency of test conditions and the repeatability of test data.

[0062] The original detachable support plate 22 is replaced with a modular adjustable support platform. Multiple arrays of adjustable top support components and limiting clamps are installed on the surface of the support plate 22. The height of the top support and the spacing of the clamps can be freely adjusted according to the shape, size, and curvature of the irregular building test specimens, achieving a stable clamping support with a full fit and no suspension. It can adapt to various test specimens, including regular, irregular, small components, and large integral models, greatly expanding the testing adaptability of the equipment, eliminating test specimen deviation and tipping problems, and ensuring the stability and accuracy of testing different types of test specimens.

[0063] Dedicated protective structures are added for different structural characteristics, and a routine protection and maintenance mechanism is established. First, waterproof and dustproof sealed protective covers are added to the outside of pressure sensor 9 and angle sensor 21, while retaining the sealed structure of the sensing and detection area to achieve waterproofing, moisture protection, and dust interference prevention. Second, the first servo motor 15, the second servo motor 18, the forward and reverse motor 209, and all transmission bearings and shafts are wrapped with sealed waterproof shells, and the transmission gaps are filled with waterproof grease to prevent moisture and corrosion from causing structural jamming. Third, a graded and regular maintenance system is established to regularly check the sensor accuracy, motor operating status, and wear of threads and bearings, and to replace aging seals and worn parts in a timely manner to ensure long-term stable and smooth operation of the equipment under harsh coupling conditions, thereby reducing equipment failure rate and operating costs.

[0064] It should be emphasized that this application is in a specific environment, therefore all structures and instruments are protected and regularly maintained and replaced to ensure safe and smooth use.

[0065] Pressure sensor 9, first servo motor 15, second servo motor 18, angle sensor 21, fan 202, heating tube 203, cooling element 204, forward and reverse motor 209, temperature sensor 212, and humidity sensor 213 are all conventional instruments. Their working principles, dimensions, and models are irrelevant to the function of this application, so they will not be described in detail. The control method of this invention is through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by those skilled in the art through simple programming. In order to facilitate the inspection, maintenance, and parts replacement of the device, the parts inside a single device are usually from the same manufacturer and of the same model, function, and batch. Therefore, even if there is a certain difference between two or more electrical control devices, the synchronous movement of the electrical control devices can still be maintained under the action of the controller. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail in this invention.

[0066] For equipment that requires synchronized movement, methods such as using the same controller to output signals, parallel driving, and synchronous stroke control can be adopted to enable multiple groups of equipment to move synchronously.

[0067] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art.

[0068] Working principle

[0069] Step 1: Equipment preparation and sample installation

[0070] Based on the dimensions and specifications of the building structure model to be tested, a suitable support plate 22 is selected and detachably installed on the top of the support ring plate 6, thus completing the construction of the load-bearing foundation for the test specimen. The building structure model to be tested is then stably placed on the surface of the support plate 22, completing the initial positioning and installation of the test specimen.

[0071] Step 2: Precise positioning and locking of the multi-layer ring plate structure

[0072] After the sample installation is completed, the core load-bearing transmission structure of the device is fixed and positioned. The fixed ring plate 3 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the simulation chamber 1 via bearings, allowing for free rotation and adjustment. The middle ring plate 5, fixed at the bottom of the connecting ring plate 4, is sleeved and positioned on the outside of the fixed ring plate 3, achieving initial alignment and positioning of the upper and lower structures. The bottom of the support ring plate 6 is fixed with mutually compatible outer ring plate 7 and inner ring plate 8, which can be precisely nested and engaged above the connecting ring plate 4, achieving coaxial alignment and assembly of the three ring plates. Using the threaded channels distributed in an annular array on the outer periphery of the middle ring plate 5, the staff matches the corresponding positions of multiple sets of parallel through holes on the outer periphery of the fixed ring plate 3, and then threaded the fixed threaded rod 11 through the through holes and locks it with the threaded channels, completing the overall fixing and positioning of the fixed ring plate 3, connecting ring plate 4, and support ring plate 6. The movable door 23 on the side of the simulation chamber 1 is then closed, and the sealing strip on the outer periphery of the movable door 23 ensures the sealing of subsequent tests. The internal test status can be observed throughout the process through the embedded viewing window.

[0073] Step 3: Equipment parameter debugging and sensor system readiness

[0074] After the structure is fixed, the equipment control system is activated to complete parameter presets and sensor self-checks. Multiple pressure sensors 9, arranged in a ring array at the bottom of the support ring plate 6, enter standby mode. The measuring parts of the pressure sensors 9 are elastically connected to the connecting ring plate 4 via springs 10, enabling elastic force buffering and real-time stress acquisition. Simultaneously, the second servo motor 18 at the bottom of the simulation chamber 1 and the first servo motor 15 on the inner wall complete parameter initialization. The angle sensor 21 on the outer periphery of the power rod 19 initiates self-checks, enabling real-time acquisition of subsequent structural rotation angle and vibration amplitude data. The air chamber 201, temperature sensor 212, humidity sensor 213, and external water supply equipment are simultaneously on standby, preparing for multi-environmental condition simulations. The insert plate 20 at the top of the power rod 19 precisely matches the hollow plate 17 at the bottom of the support ring plate 6, ensuring stable power transmission.

[0075] Step 4: Multi-dimensional seismic vibration condition simulation test

[0076] This device achieves composite seismic vibration simulation through a dual-power structure, reproducing real earthquake conditions. Firstly, the first servo motor 15 on the outer periphery of the U-shaped auxiliary plates 12 on both sides of the inner wall of the simulation chamber 1 is activated. The first servo motor 15 drives the rotating rod 13 on the inner wall of the auxiliary plate 12 to rotate at a uniform speed, causing multiple eccentric wheels 14 mounted on the outer periphery of the rotating rod 13 to continuously and evenly strike the supporting ring plate 6, generating high-frequency reciprocating lateral vibration and vertical micro-vibration, accurately simulating the impact load of seismic shear waves on the building structure. Secondly, the second servo motor 18 at the bottom of the simulation chamber 1 is activated. The second servo motor 18 drives the power rod 19 and the insert plate 20 to rotate the hollow plate 17 and the overall load-bearing structure above it. Combined with the bearing rotation structure of the fixed ring plate 3 and the top auxiliary ring plate 205, this achieves multi-angle torsion and ring shaking of the test sample, simulating the composite vibration conditions of seismic longitudinal waves and torsion. During the test, the angle sensor 21 monitors the rotation angle, vibration frequency, and amplitude in real time. By adjusting the servo motor speed, the vibration modes of high and low frequency and large and small amplitude can be switched to adapt to different levels of earthquake simulation requirements.

[0077] Step 5: Multi-factor natural environment coupling simulation

[0078] Simultaneously with the vibration test, the environmental simulation component 2 at the top of the simulation chamber 1 is activated to achieve multi-factor coupled testing of vibration, temperature and humidity, wind and rain, and airflow. The fan 202 inside the air chamber 201 starts to accelerate airflow, working with the heating pipe 203 and cooling plate 204 to regulate the temperature rise and fall within the chamber, simulating harsh climates such as high temperature, low temperature, and strong winds. The ventilation pipe 211 at the top of the air chamber 201, equipped with a solenoid valve, can autonomously regulate the airflow and air pressure within the chamber. Simultaneously, the auxiliary ring plate 205 rotates along the bearing on the top wall of the simulation chamber 1, causing the inverted U-shaped assembly plate 206 at the bottom to rotate as a whole. The forward and reverse motors 209 on the outer periphery of the assembly plate 206 drive the rotating shaft, causing the air blower box 207 to adjust its pitch at multiple angles. The airflow within the air chamber 201 is introduced into the air blower box 207 through the ventilation pipe 208, and the symmetrically arranged air-gathering plates 210 inside the air blower box 207 concentrate the airflow, achieving multi-angle directional air delivery. In addition, the external water supply equipment is activated, and water flows through multiple spray nozzles 215 on the side of the spray plate 214 to spray out, simulating rainfall conditions; combined with the temperature sensor 212 and humidity sensor 213 inside the simulation box 1 and the air box 201, the temperature and humidity parameters inside the box are controlled in real time in a closed loop to restore the real complex outdoor service environment.

[0079] Step Six: Real-time Data Acquisition and Operating Condition Monitoring

[0080] Throughout the vibration and environmental coupling test, the device achieves synchronous data acquisition across all dimensions. The ring-array pressure sensors 9 at the bottom of the support ring plate 6, combined with the elastic buffering effect of the spring 10, capture stress and deformation data of the test specimen under vibration, torsion, and compression conditions from all angles, eliminating blind spots. The angle sensor 21 on the outer periphery of the dynamic rod 19 synchronously records the structural vibration angle, torsional amplitude, and motion parameters. Temperature sensor 212 and humidity sensor 213 upload environmental data from inside the chamber in real time. All acquired data is synchronously transmitted to the control system, forming an integrated data report of force, motion, and environmental parameters. Simultaneously, personnel can observe the deformation, cracking, and damage process of the building specimen in real time through the viewing window of the movable door 23, achieving a combination of data monitoring and intuitive observation.

[0081] Step 7: End of Test and Equipment Reset

[0082] When the test reaches the preset duration or the sample shows obvious damage or performance failure, the environmental simulation component 2, the first servo motor 15, and the second servo motor 18 are turned off in sequence to stop vibration excitation and environmental condition simulation. After the equipment is completely still and the parameters are zeroed, the fixing threaded rod 11 is unscrewed in the opposite direction to release the locking state of the multi-layer ring plate and disassemble the ring plate structure. Then, the movable door 23 is opened, the completed building sample and support plate 22 are removed, residual debris inside the simulation box 1 is cleaned, and the sensors, motors, and blower structure are reset to complete the entire process of a single seismic test, and the next set of samples can be tested.

[0083] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as one and two are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0084] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A testing device for the seismic resistance structure of a building, characterized in that, include: The simulation box (1) has an environmental simulation component (2) installed on the top. A fixed ring plate (3) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the simulation box (1) via a bearing. A connecting ring plate (4) is provided above the fixed ring plate (3). A middle ring plate (5) for limiting the fixed ring plate (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting ring plate (4). A support ring plate (6) is provided above the connecting ring plate (4). An outer ring plate (7) and an inner ring plate (8) adapted to the connecting ring plate (4) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support ring plate (6). Multiple pressure sensors (9) arranged in a ring array are installed at the bottom end of the support ring plate (6). A spring (10) is connected between the measuring part of the pressure sensor (9) and the connecting ring plate (4). Multiple threaded channels arranged in a ring array are opened on the outer periphery of the middle ring plate (5). Multiple through hole groups corresponding to the positions of the threaded channels are opened on the outer periphery of the fixed ring plate (3). The through hole group includes multiple through holes arranged in parallel. A fixed threaded rod (11) is threadedly connected to the threaded channel. The fixed threaded rod (11) passes through the through hole. Multiple U-shaped auxiliary plates (12) are installed on the inner wall of the simulation box (1). A rotating rod (13) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary plate (12). Multiple eccentric wheels (14) that strike the support ring plate (6) are connected to the outer periphery of the rotating rod (13). A first servo motor (15) that provides power to the rotating rod (13) is installed on the outer periphery of the auxiliary plate (12).

2. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the simulation box (1) is equipped with multiple support structures (16), and the bottom of the support ring plate (6) is fixedly connected with a hollow plate (17).

3. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the simulation box (1) is equipped with a second servo motor (18), and the output shaft of the second servo motor (18) passes through the simulation box (1) and is connected to a power rod (19).

4. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the power rod (19) is connected to an insert plate (20) adapted to the hollow plate (17), and an angle sensor (21) is installed on the outer periphery of the power rod (19).

5. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environment simulation component (2) includes: An air box (201) is installed on top of the simulation box (1). The inner wall of the air box (201) is equipped with a fan (202) to accelerate air flow, a heating tube (203) for heating, and a cooling plate (204) for cooling. An auxiliary ring plate (205) is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the simulation box (1) via a bearing. Two symmetrically arranged inverted U-shaped assembly plates (206) are installed at the bottom of the auxiliary ring plate (205). The inner wall of the assembly plate (206) is rotatably connected to a blower box (207) with an opening at the bottom via a rotating shaft. The blower box (207) is connected to the air box (201) via a ventilation pipe (208) that passes through the simulation box (1).

6. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the assembly plate (206) is equipped with a forward and reverse motor (209) that provides power to the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the blower box (207) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged air-gathering plates (210). The top of the air box (201) is also connected to multiple air exchange pipes (211) with solenoid valves.

7. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple temperature sensors (212) and humidity sensors (213) are installed on the inner walls of the air box (201) and the simulation box (1), and a spray plate (214) is installed on the side of the blower box (207).

8. The seismic resistance testing device for buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side of the spray plate (214) is connected to multiple water spray heads (215), and the spray plate (214) is connected to an external water supply device.

9. A test device for seismic resistance of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the support ring plate (6) is detachably connected to a support plate (22) for supporting the building structure that needs to be tested for seismic resistance, and the side of the simulation box (1) is rotatably connected to a movable door (23).

10. A test device for seismic resistance of building structures according to claim 9, characterized in that: A sealing strip is installed on the outer periphery of the movable door (23), and a viewing window is embedded in the side of the movable door (23).

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