Slag sampler for refuse-fired boilers

Abstract

This invention discloses a slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers, belonging to the field of slag samplers. To address the problems of high-pressure pores in the slag during hot slag sampling due to furnace high temperatures, pressure changes upon slag entry into the sampling channel causing slag fragmentation and pulverization, disrupting the original particle size and leading to detection errors, and the high probability of secondary combustion upon contact with air, resulting in distorted composition indicators and damage to sealing components, this invention includes a furnace casing. The top of the furnace casing is fixedly connected to a combustion cylinder, the surface of the furnace casing is fixedly connected to a control terminal, and the bottom of the combustion cylinder is fixedly connected to a slag discharge pipe. This invention can smoothly release the internal pressure of the slag, preventing slag fragmentation and pulverization, preserving the original particle size and phase state. Simultaneously, it creates a water vapor-free oxygen-barrier environment to prevent secondary combustion, ensuring accurate detection indicators. It also cools and protects sealing components, reducing data deviation and improving the accuracy and authority of the detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slag sampler technology, and more specifically, to a slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers. Background Technology

[0002] Waste-to-energy boilers are special equipment that use the heat energy generated by the high-temperature incineration of municipal solid waste to heat water and produce steam, which drives a steam turbine to generate electricity or provide heat. When the boiler incinerates municipal solid waste, in order to better meet the needs of environmental compliance monitoring and resource utilization grading evaluation, it is necessary to test the waste slag.

[0003] Waste incinerator slag samplers are specialized mechanical or automated devices designed specifically for the high-temperature solid residue discharged from the bottom of waste incinerators. They are used to obtain statistically representative slag samples, thereby accurately detecting loss on ignition, heavy metal leaching toxicity, metal residue, and resource utilization indicators.

[0004] When sampling slag, the slag forms numerous closed pores containing high-pressure gas inside the furnace at high temperatures. When the slag enters the sampling channel from the furnace, the external pressure drops sharply, and the gas inside the pores expands rapidly, causing it to burst and pulverize, destroying the original particle size and phase state, leading to deviations in the test data. Secondly, when sampling hot slag, it comes into direct contact with the outside air, and unburned components undergo secondary combustion, causing distortions in indicators such as loss on ignition and organic components. It also burns the sealing elements, accelerating equipment aging. Existing devices lack pressure relief designs, making it difficult to curb this phenomenon mechanistically. Furthermore, most of them are straight-through structures that cannot isolate oxygen intrusion and lack inert protection conditions, making it difficult to guarantee the originality of the samples and the accuracy of the data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers. Using this device solves the problems of high-pressure pores formed in the slag during hot slag sampling due to the high temperature in the furnace. These pores, caused by sudden pressure changes upon entering the sampling channel, lead to slag fragmentation and pulverization, disrupting the original particle size and causing detection errors. Furthermore, hot slag is prone to secondary combustion upon contact with air, resulting in distorted composition indicators and damage to seals. Existing sampling devices lack pressure relief structures and inertial isolation designs, making it difficult to guarantee the originality of the sample and the accuracy of the data.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a slag sampler for a waste-to-energy boiler, comprising a boiler body casing, a combustion cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the boiler body casing, a control terminal fixedly connected to the surface of the boiler body casing, a slag discharge pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion cylinder, a high-pressure air pump installed on the top of the boiler body casing, a high-pressure air pipe fixedly connected to the output end of the high-pressure air pump, a pneumatic electromagnetic gas cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure air pipe, a pressure-relieving and energy-releasing component installed at the output end of the pneumatic electromagnetic gas cylinder, a water storage tank fixedly connected to one end of the boiler body casing, a steam shielding component fixedly connected to the output end of the water storage tank, and a power acquisition component fixedly connected to one end of the slag discharge pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the power acquisition component includes a fixed pipe fixedly connected to one end of the slag discharge pipe, a flange connecting an internally threaded pipe to one end of the fixed pipe, a slag guide pipe being threaded to the bottom of the internally threaded pipe, a sampling chamber being fixedly connected to one end of the slag guide pipe, and the sampling chamber being fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body chassis.

[0008] Furthermore, a sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the internally threaded tube, and an outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the output end of the sampling cylinder. An inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cylinder. The inside of the inner cylinder is hollow, and one end of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the output end of the sampling cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a connecting thread is fixedly connected to one end surface of the outer cylinder, and a positioning ball is also elastically connected to one end surface of the outer cylinder. The positioning ball is elastically connected axially between two adjacent threads of the connecting thread, and an exhaust pipe is inserted into the top end of the outer cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe, the fixing spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a one-way exhaust plate is hinged to the inner wall of the outlet of the exhaust pipe, a filter frame is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe, and a protective cap is fixedly connected to the top of the filter frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure-relieving and energy-releasing assembly includes a drive cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the inner cylinder. A front-end air valve is inserted into one end of the drive cylinder, and a tail-end air valve is inserted into the other end of the drive cylinder. Both the output ends of the front-end air valve and the tail-end air valve are fixedly connected to air guide pipes, and multiple air guide pipes are fixedly connected to a pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank.

[0012] Furthermore, a cylinder piston is slidably connected inside the drive cylinder, a piston rod is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder piston, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor is snapped onto the end of the cylinder piston away from the piston rod, a square piston is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod, and the square piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of one end of the inner cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the steam shielding assembly includes a metering water cylinder fixedly connected inside the inner cylinder, a flow divider is slidably connected inside the metering water cylinder, and a water outlet valve is inserted into the bottom of one end of the metering water cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the output end of the water outlet valve is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe, one end of the water supply pipe is fixedly connected to a water spray head, the water spray head is fixed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the surface of the inner cylinder is provided with multiple oblique slits, the outer surface of the inner cylinder is provided with an air outlet, and the multiple oblique slits are located at the front end of the air outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, a return water valve is inserted into one end of the outer surface of the metering water cylinder, and a return water pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the return water valve. One end of the return water pipe is fixedly connected to the water storage tank. The outlet valve, the spray head, and the return water valve are all one-way valves.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) By setting up a pressure-releasing energy release component and adopting a progressive volume control mechanism, after the hot slag is sealed and sampled, the square piston is driven by the driving cylinder to move backward at a constant speed, which gradually expands the volume of the sampling chamber, so that the gas in the high-pressure pores inside the slag is gradually released, avoiding the slag block bursting and pulverization caused by sudden pressure difference, and completely preserving the original particle size distribution and phase state of the slag. With the help of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor to realize displacement closed-loop adjustment, the pressure-releasing rate and sampling volume can be precisely controlled, adapting to slag working conditions of different particle size and temperature, effectively reducing the deviation of detection data, and improving the accuracy and representativeness of slag composition detection results.

[0017] (2) By setting up a steam shielding component, the characteristics of clean water rapidly vaporizing upon contact with a high-temperature environment are utilized to form a water vapor isolation curtain inside the sampling chamber. Combined with the obliquely cut slit opening to form a swirling effect, the air inside the chamber is fully replaced, creating an oxygen-free inert protective environment. This blocks the contact between hot slag and oxygen, preventing the unburned components in the slag from undergoing secondary combustion, ensuring the authenticity of test indicators such as heat loss on ignition and organic components. At the same time, the water vapor can cool and protect the inner wall of the chamber and the sealing elements, preventing high-temperature burning that could lead to aging and failure of the sealing components, and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0018] (3) Through the cooperation between the power acquisition component, the pressure release component and the steam shield component, the complete slag sampling process from closed sampling to gradual pressure release, then to oxygen isolation protection and finally to sampling is realized. The power acquisition component adopts a double-layer cylinder structure and a threaded self-locking design to ensure that the entire sampling process is sealed and leak-free. It is combined with a one-way exhaust structure to prevent the reverse intrusion of external air. The quantitative water cylinder is combined with a return water passage to realize the recycling of water resources, reduce operating losses, effectively solve the defects of traditional sampling devices that lack pressure release and oxygen isolation design, and take into account both the originality of the sample and the stability of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a two-dimensional structural diagram of the slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers of the present invention from a second perspective. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the high-pressure air pump and high-pressure air pipe of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the power acquisition component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection thread and positioning ball of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the exhaust pipe and the fixed spring of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner cylinder and the obliquely cut slit opening of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drive cylinder and the front-end valve of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the drive cylinder of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water outlet valve and water delivery pipe of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body casing; 2. Control terminal; 3. Combustion cylinder; 4. Slag discharge pipe; 5. High-pressure air pump; 6. Power acquisition component; 61. Fixed pipe; 62. Internally threaded pipe; 63. Slag guide pipe; 64. Sampling chamber; 65. Sampling cylinder; 66. Outer cylinder; 67. Inner cylinder; 68. Connecting thread; 69. Positioning ball; 610. Exhaust pipe; 611. Fixed spring; 612. One-way exhaust plate; 613. Filter screen frame; 614. Protective cap; 7. Pressure relief and energy release component; 71. Drive cylinder; 72. Front air valve; 73. Tail air valve; 74. Air guide pipe; 75. Cylinder piston; 76. Piston rod; 77. Magnetostrictive displacement sensor; 78. Square piston; 8. Steam shielding assembly; 81. Metering water cylinder; 82. Diverter baffle; 83. Water outlet valve; 84. Water supply pipe; 85. Spray nozzle; 86. Angled slit opening; 87. Air outlet; 88. Return water valve; 89. Return water pipe; 9. High-pressure air pipe; 10. Pneumatic electromagnetic air tank; 11. Water storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To address the technical challenges of hot slag sampling, such as the formation of high-pressure pores in the slag due to high furnace temperatures, pressure differential changes upon slag entry into the sampling channel leading to slag fragmentation and pulverization, disrupting the original particle size and causing detection errors, and the high probability of secondary combustion in hot slag upon contact with air, resulting in distorted compositional indicators, etc., [further details are needed]. Figures 1-13 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: The slag sampler for a waste-to-energy boiler includes a boiler housing 1, which serves as the foundation for the entire sampling equipment. The housing provides a stable installation space and protective support for the sampling equipment, boiler operation, and various functional components and control elements, ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment operation. A combustion chamber 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1. The combustion chamber 3 is the core reaction chamber for high-temperature incineration of municipal solid waste, where waste is burned to produce slag. A control terminal 2 is fixedly connected to the surface of the housing 1. This control terminal 2 is the central hub for automated control and human-machine interaction, enabling the setting and real-time monitoring of operating parameters such as sampling sequence, air pressure, and water spray volume, thus achieving precise control of the sampling process. A slag discharge pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 3. 4 is the channel for the high-temperature slag in the combustion cylinder 3 to be discharged outwards. At the same time, it is also the material docking interface for the main sampling operation of the equipment. A high-pressure air pump 5 is installed on the top of the furnace body box 1. The high-pressure air pump 5 is the supply device for the pressure air source in the equipment, realizing both blowing and suction, ensuring the continuous power output of the pneumatic drive. The output end of the high-pressure air pump 5 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure air pipe 9. One end of the high-pressure air pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10. The pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10 is used to store the pressure-stabilized gas. The pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10 has a built-in electromagnetic valve group, which can receive the instructions of the control terminal 2 to accurately regulate the on-off sequence of the gas path, the output pressure and the gas flow direction. On the basis of stable storage of pressure-stabilized gas source, the gas can be output on demand and directionally recovered, providing stable and controllable gas power for the pneumatic actuator in the equipment. The output end of the pneumatic electromagnetic gas cylinder 10 is equipped with a pressure-releasing energy release component 7. This component is the core structure for achieving gradual pressure release of the slag. After the slag enters the sampling chamber, it gradually releases the pressure in the high-pressure pores inside the slag through progressive volume control, allowing the slag to quickly adapt to pressure changes. This prevents sudden pressure changes from causing slag block bursting and pulverization, preserving the original particle size and phase state of the slag, and reducing the deviation of the detection data. A water storage tank 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body casing 1. The water storage tank 11 stores clean water to provide a stable water source for the sampling equipment. A steam shielding component 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the water storage tank 11. The steam shielding component 8 can form a steam shield inside the sampling chamber. A water vapor barrier is formed to isolate the air curtain, and the pressure released by the water vapor forces the air out of the sampling chamber, thereby replacing the air in the chamber, blocking the contact between oxygen and hot slag, preventing secondary combustion of hot slag, ensuring the authenticity of the component detection indicators, and avoiding high temperature burning of sealing elements, thus extending the service life of the equipment. One end of the slag discharge pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the power acquisition component 6. The power acquisition component 6 is the power drive mechanism for realizing the sampling operation and the sealing operation. It can collect the fallen slag by inserting it into the slag discharge pipe 4, and then cooperate with the drive to achieve the sealing effect, providing the preconditions for the pressure release component 7 and the steam shield component 8, ensuring the airtightness of the sampling process and the representativeness of the sample. The power acquisition component 6 is used to fix and cooperate with the slag discharge pipe 4 and provide power for the sampling operation. It is the sampling execution and sealing bearing mechanism of the entire sampling equipment. It is a necessary driving unit to realize the collection of incinerated slag, the sealing and isolation of the cavity, and the directional transportation of samples. At the same time, it provides a sealed working chamber and installation benchmark for the pressure release component 7 and the steam shield component 8, ensuring that the subsequent pressure release and oxygen isolation processes can be carried out stably in a closed environment. The pressure-relieving and energy-releasing component 7 works in conjunction with the power acquisition component 6 to enable the slag sampled by the power acquisition component 6 to release energy in a closed environment by changing the pressure in the sampling chamber through the pressure-relieving and energy-releasing component 7. This reduces the risk of hot slag bursting under changes in environmental pressure difference. Based on the volume-gradual regulation mechanism of the pressure-relieving and energy-releasing component 7, after the power acquisition component 6 completes the closed sampling, the environmental pressure in the sampling chamber is gradually reduced, allowing the gas in the high-pressure pores inside the slag to be released gradually. This avoids the bursting and pulverization of slag blocks caused by sudden changes in pressure difference, and completely preserves the original particle size distribution and phase structure of the slag, thereby improving the accuracy of slag detection data. The steam shielding component 8 is used to spray clean water into the high-temperature sampling chamber through a gas-driven source when the collected slag is in a closed environment. This achieves instantaneous vaporization at high temperatures, forming a water vapor curtain that fills the space where the slag exists. At the same time, a slight pressure environment is created in the sealed state. The water vapor will quickly compress the air and replace the air in the slag sampling space. The air is discharged through the vent holes on the power acquisition component 6, creating an oxygen-free inert environment to achieve oxygen isolation protection for hot slag, block the contact between hot slag and oxygen, inhibit the secondary combustion of unburned components, and ensure the authenticity of slag composition detection indicators. At the same time, the water vapor can cool and protect the inner wall of the chamber and the sealing elements, avoid high-temperature burning that causes the sealing elements to age and fail, and extend the overall service life of the equipment. The aforementioned power acquisition component 6, pressure-releasing energy release component 7, and steam shielding component 8 are driven in stages by the control terminal 2 according to a preset timing sequence. First, after the power acquisition component 6 collects the slag and completes the sealing of the slag cavity, it prioritizes the activation of the pressure-releasing energy release component 7 to gradually reduce the pressure of the high-temperature slag, releasing the high-pressure gas inside the slag and preventing the slag from exploding. Subsequently, the steam shielding component 8 is activated to replace the air in the collection cavity, preventing the slag after pressure reduction from undergoing secondary combustion upon encountering air, thus creating a stable pressure-free oxygen-free steam environment in the collection cavity. The multiple components are connected in an orderly manner and do not interfere with each other, ensuring that the pressure inside the slag collection cavity is stable and controllable, achieving the dual effects of preventing explosion and isolating oxygen.

[0023] like Figures 2-4As shown, the power acquisition component 6 includes a fixed pipe 61 fixedly connected to one end of the slag discharge pipe 4. One end of the fixed pipe 61 is flanged and connected to an internally threaded pipe 62. The bottom of the internally threaded pipe 62 is threadedly connected to a slag guide pipe 63. One end of the slag guide pipe 63 is fixedly connected to a sampling chamber 64, which is fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body casing 1. When the control terminal 2 issues a sampling command, the power acquisition component 6 starts to operate. First, the fixed pipe 61 serves as the connecting component between the slag discharge pipe 4 and the sampling mechanism. The flange connection ensures the airtightness of the interface and prevents the leakage of high-temperature slag and flue gas. At the same time, the internally threaded pipe 62 achieves convenient disassembly and sealing of the pipeline through threaded engagement, providing a stable installation reference for the internal sampling cylinder. The slag guide pipe 63 serves as a guide channel for slag samples, which can smoothly transport the collected slag to the sampling chamber 64 for temporary storage. The sealed sampling chamber 64 isolates the intrusion of external air, maintains the original thermal state and composition of the sample, and facilitates its use in subsequent testing processes.

[0024] like Figures 3-6 As shown, a sampling cylinder 65 is fixedly connected to one end of the internally threaded tube 62. An outer cylinder 66 is rotatably connected to the output end of the sampling cylinder 65. An inner cylinder 67 is rotatably connected inside the outer cylinder 66. The inner cylinder 67 is hollow, and one end of the inner cylinder 67 is fixedly connected to the output end of the sampling cylinder 65. Since the inner cylinder 67 is fixed to the output end of the sampling cylinder 65, it only moves axially back and forth with the sampling cylinder 65 and does not rotate circumferentially. As the sampling cylinder 65 begins to extend and retract, the outer cylinder 66 and the inner cylinder 67 can move axially back and forth. The cylinder 65 extends into the slag discharge pipe 4 and collects the falling high-temperature slag through grooves with the same opening size at the ends of the outer cylinder 66 and the inner cylinder 67. Then it retracts to discharge the slag. The outer cylinder 66 is fitted over the inner cylinder 67 to form a double-layer sealed cavity structure, which serves as a guide and structural protection. The groove at the end of the inner cylinder 67 provides space for slag sampling. When the openings of the outer cylinder 66 and the inner cylinder 67 are misaligned, the groove for collecting slag can form a closed sampling cavity. The slag collection is completed with the extension and retraction of the sampling cylinder 65.

[0025] like Figures 5-7As shown, one end surface of the outer cylinder 66 is fixedly connected with a connecting thread 68, and another end surface of the outer cylinder 66 is also elastically connected with a positioning ball 69. The positioning ball 69 is elastically connected axially between two adjacent threads of the connecting thread 68. An exhaust pipe 610 is inserted into the top of the outer cylinder 66. The outer cylinder 66 is a circumferentially rotating part, and the exhaust pipe 610 on it is a straight-through exhaust structure, without external fixed pipeline, so there is no rotational interference problem. The outer cylinder 66 and the inner cylinder 67 are inserted into the slag discharge pipe 4 together. After the slag is collected, the outer cylinder 66, which continues to move axially, is screwed and fixed to the inner threaded tube 62 by the connecting thread 68. With the elastic locking structure of the positioning ball 69, the self-locking position can be achieved after the thread is tightened. At this time, the outer cylinder 66 rotates on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 67, so that the slag sampling space of the inner cylinder 67 forms a closed cavity. The exhaust pipe 610 ensures the orderly discharge of gas inside the cavity during the sampling process, maintains the gas pressure balance inside the cavity, and avoids excessive internal pressure from hindering the normal execution of the sampling action.

[0026] like Figures 6-8 As shown, a fixing spring 611 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe 610. The fixing spring 611 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 66. A one-way exhaust plate 612 is hinged to the inner wall of the outlet of the exhaust pipe 610. A filter frame 613 is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe 610, and a protective cap 614 is fixedly connected to the top of the filter frame 613. A high-temperature resistant annular sealing ring is provided on the surface of the exhaust pipe 610, which fits tightly against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 66 to form a sliding sealing structure. This structure does not hinder the extension and retraction of the exhaust pipe 610 with the fixing spring 611, and can completely seal the installation gap, preventing gas leakage from the cavity, ensuring stable internal pressure, and ensuring reliable one-way exhaust function. Effectively, the fixed spring 611 provides elastic support for the exhaust pipe 610, enabling the exhaust pipe 610 to have adaptive extension and retraction margin. When the outer cylinder 66 enters the slag discharge pipe 4, the exhaust pipe 610 can retract into the outer cylinder 66 to compensate for the assembly gap and ensure the sealing of the pipeline connection. The one-way exhaust plate 612 has a one-way conduction structure, opening to the outside of the exhaust pipe 610, allowing only the gas inside the cavity to be discharged outward, which can effectively prevent the outside air from flowing back into the sampling cavity and avoid oxygen intrusion that could cause secondary combustion of hot slag. The filter frame 613, together with the protective cap 614, is located at the top of the exhaust pipe 610, which can play a role in dust prevention and mechanical impact protection, while preventing external debris from falling into the pipeline.

[0027] like Figures 3-10As shown, the pressure-reducing and energy-releasing assembly 7 includes a drive cylinder 71 fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the inner cylinder 67. A front-end valve 72 is inserted into one end of the drive cylinder 71, and a tail-end valve 73 is inserted into the other end of the drive cylinder 71. Air guide pipes 74 are fixedly connected to the output ends of both the front-end valve 72 and the tail-end valve 73. Multiple air guide pipes 74 are fixedly connected to the pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10. When the pressure-reducing and energy-releasing assembly 7 starts operating, the pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10 supplies air to the interior of the drive cylinder 71 through the air guide pipes 74. At this time, the gas enters through the front gas valve 72 and exits through the tail gas valve 73. The front gas valve 72 and the tail gas valve 73 cooperate with the air guide pipe 74 to realize the control of the timing of air intake and exhaust at both ends of the drive cylinder 71, so as to realize the precise drive of the gas inside the drive cylinder 71. The pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10 realizes the stepless adjustment of the piston movement speed and stroke inside the drive cylinder 71 by precisely controlling the on and off timing and air pressure of the two gas valves, ensuring the smooth and controllable pressure release process.

[0028] like Figures 4-11 As shown, a cylinder piston 75 is slidably connected inside the drive cylinder 71. A piston rod 76 is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder piston 75. A magnetostrictive displacement sensor 77 is snapped onto the end of the cylinder piston 75 away from the piston rod 76. A square piston 78 is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod 76. The square piston 78 is slidably connected to the inner wall of one end of the inner cylinder 67. As the pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank 10 precisely controls the on / off timing and air pressure of the two air valves, the cylinder piston 75 inside the drive cylinder 71 moves, thereby driving the piston rod 76 to move. The movement of the piston rod 76 causes the square piston 78 to slide inside the inner cylinder 67. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor 77 works based on the magnetostrictive effect. The permanent magnet ring on the cylinder piston 75 and the waveguide wire inside the magnetostrictive displacement sensor 77 are connected. The convergence of magnetic fields generates stress waves. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor 77 calculates the time difference of the stress wave's return to accurately convert it into the real-time displacement data of the cylinder piston 75, which is then fed back to the control terminal 2. This allows for accurate feedback of the real-time position of the square piston 78, enabling precise control of the sampling volume and closed-loop adjustment of the pressure relief stroke. At this time, the close cooperation between the square piston 78 and the inner cylinder 67 divides the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 67 into independent sampling chambers. The square piston 78 is driven by the piston rod 76 to gradually expand the internal volume of the inner cylinder 67, causing the pressure in the slag collection chamber to decrease slowly at a preset rate. This avoids sudden pressure drops that could cause slag to burst and pulverize, thus preserving the original particle size and phase structure of the slag and effectively improving the accuracy of slag composition detection data.

[0029] like Figures 4-11As shown, the steam shielding assembly 8 includes a metering water cylinder 81 fixedly connected inside the inner cylinder 67. A flow divider 82 is slidably connected inside the metering water cylinder 81, and a water outlet valve 83 is inserted into the bottom of one end of the metering water cylinder 81. As the drive cylinder 71 starts to drive, the flow divider 82 inside the metering water cylinder 81 is moved together by the piston rod 76. As the flow divider 82 moves, the water inside the metering water cylinder 81 is squeezed towards the water outlet valve 83 at the bottom of the metering water cylinder 81.

[0030] like Figures 5-12 As shown, a water supply pipe 84 is fixedly connected to the output end of the water outlet valve 83. A spray head 85 is fixedly connected to one end of the water supply pipe 84. The spray head 85 is fixed to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 67. Multiple obliquely cut slits 86 are opened on the surface of the inner cylinder 67, and air vents 87 are opened on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 67. The multiple obliquely cut slits 86 are located at the front end of the air vents 87. At this time, the water source in the metering tank 81 flows into the water supply pipe 84 through the water outlet valve 83. Then, the water supply pipe 84 delivers the water source to the spray head 85. The spray head 85 atomizes the water and sprays it out. The atomized water droplets quickly vaporize after contacting the cavity wall of the inner cylinder 67. At the same time as the water vaporizes, a slight pressure is increased inside the outer cylinder 66. Subsequently, the vaporized water vapor in the inner cylinder 67 and the outer cylinder 66... A steam shielding layer is formed in the gap between the outer cylinders 66. At the same time, water vapor first flows into the collection chamber of the inner cylinder 67 through multiple obliquely cut slits 86 at the front end of the inner cylinder 67. Then, it gradually pushes the air in the inner cylinder 67 axially toward the rear end, continuously pushing the air in the chamber to the exhaust port 87 at the rear end for discharge. This quickly replaces the gas in the chamber. At this time, the position of the exhaust port 87 coincides with the exhaust pipe 610 of the outer cylinder 66 after it is flipped. Then, the gas is discharged into the slag discharge pipe 4 through the one-way exhaust plate 612. When the internal pressure of the inner cylinder 67 tends to be stable, the one-way exhaust plate 612 is closed. At this time, the air in the chamber has been completely replaced by a water vapor protective atmosphere, isolating oxygen to prevent secondary combustion and ensuring the slag collection effect.

[0031] like Figures 9-13As shown, a return water valve 88 is inserted into one end of the outer surface of the metering water cylinder 81. A return water pipe 89 is fixedly connected to one end of the return water valve 88, and one end of the return water pipe 89 is fixedly connected to the water storage tank 11. The outlet valve 83, the spray head 85, and the return water valve 88 are all one-way valves. After the high-temperature slag is stably depressurized and isolated from air, the piston rod 76 drives the square piston 78 to reset. At this time, the flow divider 82 in the metering water cylinder 81 begins to slide towards the square piston 78. Then, when the pressure generated by the flow divider 82 in the metering water cylinder 81 exceeds the threshold of the return water valve 88, the return water valve 88 opens the valve to the metering water cylinder 81. Then, the water source in the water storage tank 11 is quickly supplied to the metering water cylinder 81 through the return water pipe 89, thereby enabling the stored water in the water storage tank 11 to continuously replenish the metering water cylinder 81. At the same time, the air guide arranged inside the inner cylinder 67... Both pipe 74 and return water pipe 89 are in a relatively stationary state with the inner cylinder 67, only moving in a straight line with the cylinder body. There is no risk of pipe twisting or entanglement, ensuring the continuous operation. The design of each one-way valve in the steam shielding assembly 8 can strictly control the water flow direction, prevent pollution and functional failure caused by backflow of the pipeline medium, and ensure the stable and reliable operation of the water system. After the slag is shielded and pressure-reduced, the sampling cylinder 65 drives the outer cylinder 66 and the inner cylinder 67 to retract. Then, the connecting thread 68 at the end of the outer cylinder 66 rotates with the inner threaded pipe 62, and the opening at the reset end of the outer cylinder 66 coincides with the inner cylinder 67. Then, when the opening groove moves to the opening at the bottom of the inner threaded pipe 62 and flips, the slag collected inside the inner cylinder 67 is poured out. At this time, the slag flows into the sampling chamber 64 along the slag guide pipe 63, maintaining the original hot state and composition state of the sample, which is convenient for subsequent testing procedures.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slag sampler for a waste-to-energy boiler, comprising a boiler casing (1), characterized in that, A combustion cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body casing (1), a control terminal (2) is fixedly connected to the surface of the furnace body casing (1), a slag discharge pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion cylinder (3), a high-pressure air pump (5) is provided on the top of the furnace body casing (1), a high-pressure air pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the output end of the high-pressure air pump (5), a pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure air pipe (9), a pressure-releasing energy release component (7) is provided at the output end of the pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank (10), a water storage tank (11) is fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body casing (1), a steam shielding component (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the water storage tank (11), and a power acquisition component (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the slag discharge pipe (4).

2. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power acquisition component (6) includes a fixed pipe (61) fixedly connected to one end of the slag discharge pipe (4), a flange connecting an internally threaded pipe (62) to one end of the fixed pipe (61), a slag guide pipe (63) threadedly connected to the bottom of the internally threaded pipe (62), a sampling chamber (64) fixedly connected to one end of the slag guide pipe (63), and the sampling chamber (64) fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body casing (1).

3. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the internally threaded tube (62) is fixedly connected to a sampling cylinder (65), the output end of the sampling cylinder (65) is rotatably connected to an outer cylinder (66), the inside of the outer cylinder (66) is rotatably connected to an inner cylinder (67), the inside of the inner cylinder (67) is hollow, and one end of the inner cylinder (67) is fixedly connected to the output end of the sampling cylinder (65).

4. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end surface of the outer cylinder (66) is fixedly connected with a connecting thread (68), and one end surface of the outer cylinder (66) is also elastically connected with a positioning ball (69). The positioning ball (69) is elastically connected axially between two adjacent thread teeth of the connecting thread (68), and an exhaust pipe (610) is inserted into the top end of the outer cylinder (66).

5. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 4, characterized in that, A fixing spring (611) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe (610), and the fixing spring (611) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (66). A one-way exhaust plate (612) is hinged to the inner wall of the outlet of the exhaust pipe (610). A filter frame (613) is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe (610), and a protective cap (614) is fixedly connected to the top of the filter frame (613).

6. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure-relieving and energy-releasing assembly (7) includes a drive cylinder (71) fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the inner cylinder (67). One end of the drive cylinder (71) is connected to a front-end air valve (72), and the other end of the drive cylinder (71) is connected to a tail-end air valve (73). The output ends of the front-end air valve (72) and the tail-end air valve (73) are both fixedly connected to air guide pipes (74). Multiple air guide pipes (74) are fixedly connected to a pneumatic electromagnetic gas tank (10).

7. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive cylinder (71) is internally connected to a cylinder piston (75), one end of which is fixedly connected to a piston rod (76). A magnetostrictive displacement sensor (77) is attached to the end of the cylinder piston (75) away from the piston rod (76). A square piston (78) is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod (76). The square piston (78) is slidably connected to the inner wall of one end of the inner cylinder (67).

8. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The steam shielding assembly (8) includes a metering water cylinder (81) fixedly connected inside the inner cylinder (67), a flow divider (82) is slidably connected inside the metering water cylinder (81), and a water outlet valve (83) is inserted into the bottom of one end of the metering water cylinder (81).

9. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 8, characterized in that, The output end of the water outlet valve (83) is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe (84), and one end of the water supply pipe (84) is fixedly connected to a spray head (85). The spray head (85) is fixed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (67). The surface of the inner cylinder (67) is provided with multiple oblique slits (86), and the outer surface of the inner cylinder (67) is provided with an air outlet (87). The multiple oblique slits (86) are located at the front end of the air outlet (87).

10. The slag sampler for waste-to-energy boilers according to claim 9, characterized in that, A return water valve (88) is inserted into one end of the outer surface of the quantitative water cylinder (81). A return water pipe (89) is fixedly connected to one end of the return water valve (88). One end of the return water pipe (89) is fixedly connected to the water storage tank (11). The outlet valve (83), the spray head (85), and the return water valve (88) are all one-way valves.

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