Geological energy resource exploitation particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device

Abstract

This invention provides a testing device for the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials used in geological energy development. The device includes a reactor with a second pressurizing piston that can slide vertically inside. A plugging material filling section is located at the bottom of the reactor, and this section is externally encased in a second heating jacket. The bottom of the plugging material filling section has a third connection port for inputting preheated fluid, and the port can be filled with granular material. This granular material can expand and deform upon contact with the preheated fluid at a certain temperature, and can compress and deform or break under a certain load. A second pressure controller is connected to the top of the reactor. The beneficial effects of this invention are: it can simulate the high temperature, high pressure, and fluid immersion environment of the formation, obtain stress-strain curves and strain-time curves, and realize the measurement of parameters such as compressive deformation rate, compressive strength, elastic modulus, compression rebound rate, expansion deformation rate, and creep rate of granular materials under formation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological energy extraction technology, such as petroleum, natural gas, and geothermal energy. Specifically, it relates to a device for testing the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials used in geological energy extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, particulate materials are widely used in various stages of geological energy extraction, such as oil, natural gas, and geothermal energy. For example, they are used as bridging materials to seal fractures during drilling, proppant to prevent fracturing fracture closure during well completion, and gel particles for profile control and water shut-off during production. Particulate materials are carried by fluids into formation pores and fractures and remain there to play their role.

[0003] The mechanical properties of granular materials under external loads in underground high-temperature, high-pressure, and fluid environments (such as compressive deformation, compressive strength, compressive rebound, and expansion deformation) are key factors determining the effectiveness of operations. Therefore, accurately measuring parameters such as compressive deformation, compressive strength, compressive rebound, and expansion deformation of granular materials has extremely high guiding value for the design, evaluation, and selection of granular materials in geological and energy development.

[0004] Existing mechanical parameter testing devices for particulate materials mainly measure the compressive deformation rate and compressive strength of particles under external loads. They cannot measure the rebound rate after unloading the load or the expansion deformation rate under load. They cannot perform measurements in complex geological environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and fluid immersion. Moreover, the test results are the compressive deformation rate and compressive strength under specific conditions. They cannot measure the stress-strain curve during the loading process. They can only measure the instantaneous mechanical parameters of particles and cannot measure the trend of deformation of particulate materials under load conditions over time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one of the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art. For example, one objective of this invention is to provide a device for testing the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials in geological energy development. This device simulates high-temperature (220°C), high-pressure (50MPa), and fluid immersion environments (oil / water-based drilling fluid, fracturing fluid, etc.) in the formation. By applying and unloading external loads (up to 120MPa) through a pressure controller, stress-strain curves and strain-time curves are obtained, enabling the measurement of parameters such as compressive deformation rate, compressive strength, elastic modulus, compression rebound rate, expansion deformation rate, and creep rate of granular materials under formation conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a testing device for the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials used in geological energy development, comprising a reaction vessel, wherein a second pressurizing piston is slidably mounted inside the reaction vessel; a plugging material filling section is provided at the lower part of the reaction vessel, and the plugging material filling section is wrapped with a second heating jacket; the bottom of the plugging material filling section is provided with a third connecting port for inputting preheated fluid, and the granular material can be filled inside, and the granular material can expand and deform upon contact with the preheated fluid at a certain temperature, thereby pushing the second pressurizing piston upward; the top of the reaction vessel is connected to a second pressure controller, and the second pressurizing piston can move downward under the pressure drive of the second pressure controller to squeeze the granular material in the plugging material filling section.

[0007] Particulate materials can expand and deform when exposed to preheated fluid at a certain temperature, and can be compressed and deformed or destroyed under a certain load. The second pressure controller can push the second pressurizing piston to apply load to the particulate material, simulating the load state of particles in a geological environment. At the same time, the heating jacket can simulate the high temperature environment of the formation. By measuring the displacement of the second pressurizing piston during the experiment, the strain of the particulate material during the compression process or the expansion rate during the expansion process can be calculated, realizing the measurement of the mechanical parameters of particulate materials in complex geological environments such as high temperature, high pressure and fluid immersion.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the reactor is further provided with a lower pressure relief port at its bottom and an upper pressure relief port at its top, respectively. A first pressure relief valve and a second pressure relief valve are respectively provided at the lower pressure relief port and the upper pressure relief port. The first pressure relief valve is used to release the pressure at the bottom of the reactor, and the second pressure relief valve is used to release the pressure at the top of the reactor.

[0009] When the second pressurizing piston contacts the top of the packed granular material and applies an axial load to the granular material under the pressure from above, the downward displacement of the second pressurizing piston is the compressive deformation of the granular material. The ratio of the compressive deformation to the initial height of the packed granular material is the strain. When the upper part of the reactor is connected to the second pressure controller, the expanding granular material can push the second pressurizing piston upward. The upward displacement at this time is the expansion deformation. The second pressure controller maintains a constant pressure mode. When measuring the granular expansion displacement, the pressure on the upper and lower parts of the second pressurizing piston is the same. When the granular expansion pushes the piston upward, the fluid above the second pressurizing piston will flow back into the second pressure controller to maintain a constant pressure.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device further includes a displacement gauge, and a displacement rod is provided on the top of the second pressurizing piston. The laser light source of the displacement gauge can be projected onto the displacement rod to monitor the displacement of the displacement rod.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the upper part of the reactor is fitted with a water-cooled jacket.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, a central pressure relief port is provided in the middle of the reactor, and a third pressure relief valve is provided at the central pressure relief port.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are provided in the lower part of the reactor for real-time measurement of the pressure and temperature in the lower part of the reactor.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the top of the reactor is connected to a second pressure controller via a fourth connection port, and a third connection valve is provided at the fourth connection port.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the particulate material deformation and strength parameter testing device further includes a preheating vessel for preheating the fluid; the preheating vessel is fitted with a first heating jacket, and has an air vent and a second connecting port at its bottom; the second connecting port is connected to a third connecting port via a high-pressure pipeline, and a second connecting valve is provided at the second connecting port;

[0016] The preheating vessel is equipped with a first pressurizing piston that can slide up and down inside, and below the first pressurizing piston, the preheating vessel contains fluid.

[0017] The top of the preheating vessel is also connected to a first pressure controller, and the first pressurizing piston can move downward under the pressure drive of the first pressure controller to pressurize the fluid below the first pressurizing piston.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the preheating vessel is provided with a vent at the top, and a first vent valve is provided at the vent to release the fluid above the first pressurized piston.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are provided in the lower part of the preheating kettle.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the particulate material deformation and strength parameter testing device further includes a data acquisition and control module; the displacement gauge, the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor, and the second pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively electrically connected to the data acquisition and control module.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, both the first pressure controller and the second pressure controller are single-cylinder constant flow and constant pressure pumps.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the data acquisition and control module includes a computer host and a display, a first pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a displacement gauge, and a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor, which are respectively electrically connected to the computer host.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0024] This invention proposes a testing device for the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials used in geological energy development. In this device, a preheating vessel is connected to a first pressure controller, which enables precise control of the experimental fluid pressure within the system, simulating a high-pressure fluid immersion environment in the formation. A reaction vessel is connected to a second pressure controller, which pushes a second pressurizing piston to apply load to the granular material, simulating the load state of particles in a formation environment. A displacement rod is located at the top of the second pressurizing piston; by measuring the displacement of the second pressurizing piston during the experiment with a displacement gauge, the strain of the granular material during compression or the expansion rate during expansion can be calculated. Simultaneously, a heating jacket allows for precise temperature control within the system, simulating a high-temperature environment in the formation. The overall structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0025] Therefore, this scheme can simulate the high temperature, high pressure and fluid immersion environment of the formation. It can obtain stress-strain curves and strain-time curves by applying and unloading external loads through the first pressure controller and the second pressure controller, and realize the measurement of parameters such as compression deformation rate, compressive strength, elastic modulus, compression rebound rate, expansion deformation rate and creep rate of granular materials under formation conditions.

[0026] In summary, this plan is as follows:

[0027] (1) It pioneered the multi-field coupled test mode of "thermal and pressure loading-axial compression-fluid immersion", which can simulate actual formation conditions (such as the high temperature and high pressure drilling fluid environment in deep formation fractures).

[0028] (2) Through high-precision displacement gauges and dynamic load control, the stress-strain curves and strain-time curves of the entire loading-unloading cycle are captured synchronously.

[0029] (3) Integrated measurement of parameters such as compression deformation rate, compressive strength, elastic modulus, compression rebound rate, expansion deformation rate and creep rate of particulate materials. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The above and other objects and / or features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1This diagram illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a geological energy development device for testing the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 The diagram shows a stress-strain curve of granular material A during compressive stress, representing an exemplary embodiment of a granular material deformation and strength parameter testing device for geological energy development according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the granular material B heating process expansion rate-time curve using a granular material deformation and strength parameter testing device for geological energy development according to the present invention.

[0034] Key reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Preheating vessel; 2. Reactor; 3. First pressure controller; 4. Second pressure controller; 5. First temperature sensor; 6. Second temperature sensor; 7. Water-cooled jacket; 11. Vent port; 12. Exhaust port; 13. First pressurizing piston; 14. First heating jacket; 21. Upper pressure relief port; 22. Lower pressure relief port; 23. Displacement gauge; 24. Second heating jacket; 25. Second pressurizing piston; 26. Middle pressure relief port. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In the following description, an apparatus for testing the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials for geological energy development according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that terms such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" are used only to facilitate the description and formation of relative orientations or positional relationships, and do not indicate or imply that the component referred to must have that specific orientation or position.

[0037] Example:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device is used. The testing device consists of a fluid preheating and pressurization module, a leak-sealing material filling module, an axial compression loading module, and a data acquisition and control module. The fluid preheating and pressurization module is connected to the leak-sealing material filling module through a high-pressure pipeline. The leak-sealing material filling module and the axial compression loading module are located in the reactor 2 and are isolated by a second pressurizing piston 25. The data acquisition and control module is telecommunicationly connected to other modules through a data cable.

[0039] In this embodiment, the fluid preheating and pressurization module is used to preheat the fluid and send the preheated fluid into the plugging material filling module. The particulate material in the plugging material filling module and the preheated fluid are mixed at a certain temperature and then expand and deform. The axial compression loading module can be used to apply an axial load to the particulate material in the plugging material filling module to obtain the compression deformation of the particulate material. It can also be used to monitor the expansion deformation of the particulate material to obtain the expansion rate during the expansion process.

[0040] Specifically, in this solution, the fluid preheating and pressurization module includes a preheating vessel 1 and a first pressure controller 3. The preheating vessel 1 is externally wrapped with a first heating jacket 14, which contains an electric heating element for heating the fluid inside the preheating vessel 1 to the target temperature.

[0041] Further, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the first pressurizing piston 13 is slidably disposed inside the preheating vessel 1; the first pressure sensor and the first temperature sensor 5 are disposed inside the lower part of the preheating vessel 1. The first pressurizing piston 13 compresses the fluid below it under the pressure from the upper part, pressurizing the fluid to the target pressure. The first pressure sensor and the first temperature sensor 5 are connected to the data acquisition and control module via a data cable for real-time measurement of the pressure and temperature inside the preheating vessel 1.

[0042] Furthermore, in this design, the preheating vessel 1 has a vent 11 at its top, and a vent valve at the vent 11 for venting the fluid above the first pressurizing piston 13. The preheating vessel 1 also has a first connecting port at its top, and a first connecting valve at the first connecting port. The top of the preheating vessel 1 is connected to the first pressure controller 3 through the first connecting port. By opening the first connecting valve and closing the first vent valve, the first pressure controller 3 can pressurize the fluid above the first pressurizing piston 13, thereby pushing the first pressurizing piston 13 to compress the fluid below.

[0043] In this embodiment, the preheating vessel 1 is provided with a vent 12 at its bottom, and a first vent valve is provided at the vent 12 for venting the fluid below the first pressurizing piston 13. The preheating vessel 1 is also provided with a second connecting port at its bottom, and a second connecting valve is provided at the second connecting port. The preheating vessel 1 is connected to the bottom of the reaction vessel 2 through the second connecting port. By opening the second connecting valve and closing the first vent valve, fluid can be injected from the preheating vessel 1 into the reaction vessel 2.

[0044] Furthermore, in this solution, the leak-sealing material filling module includes a leak-sealing material filling section set at the lower part of the reactor 2, which is used to fill particulate material, and is wrapped with a second heating sleeve 24. The second heating sleeve 24 has an internal electric heating element, which is used to heat the fluid and particulate material in the lower part of the reactor 2 to the target temperature.

[0045] In this embodiment, a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor 6 are provided in the lower part of the reactor 2. Both the second pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor 6 are connected to the data acquisition and control module through a data cable to measure the pressure and temperature of the lower part of the reactor 2 in real time.

[0046] In this embodiment, the bottom of the reactor 2 is provided with a third connecting port and a lower pressure relief port 22. The third connecting port is connected to the preheating reactor 1 through a second connecting port; the lower pressure relief port 22 is provided with a first pressure relief valve for releasing the pressure in the lower part of the reactor 2. By opening the second connecting valve and closing the first pressure relief valve, fluid can be injected from the preheating reactor 1 into the lower part of the reactor 2.

[0047] Furthermore, in this scheme, the axial compression loading module is located on the upper part of the reactor 2, and includes a second pressure piston 25, a displacement gauge, and a second pressure control device 4.

[0048] In this embodiment, the second pressurizing piston 25 is located inside the reactor 2, and a displacement rod is provided on the top of the second pressurizing piston 25. The bottom of the second pressurizing piston 25 contacts the top of the filled granular material. Under the push of the upper pressure, an axial load is applied to the granular material, which drives the displacement rod to move. The compressibility deformation of the granular material is measured by measuring the downward displacement of the displacement rod. The ratio of the compressibility deformation to the initial height of the filled granular material is the strain. Alternatively, the second pressurizing piston 25 is pushed upward by the expansion of the granular material. The upward displacement of the displacement rod is the expansion deformation of the granular material. The ratio of the expansion deformation to the initial height of the filled granular material is the expansion rate.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the top of the reactor 2 is provided with an upper pressure relief port 21, a displacement gauge 23, and a fourth connecting port. The upper pressure relief port 21 is equipped with a second pressure relief valve for releasing the pressure at the top of the reactor 2. The displacement gauge 23 measures the displacement of the displacement rod via laser and is connected to the data acquisition and control module via a data cable. The fourth connecting port is equipped with a third connecting valve, which is connected to the second pressure controller 4. By opening the third connecting valve and closing the second pressure relief valve 21, the second pressure controller 4 can pressurize the fluid above the second pressure piston 25, pushing the second pressure piston 25 to compress the lower particulate material and apply an axial load.

[0050] In this embodiment, a water-cooled jacket 7 is provided on the upper part of the reactor 2. After the experiment, the reactor 2 is rapidly cooled by circulating low-temperature fluid.

[0051] More preferably, in this scheme, both the first pressure controller 3 and the second pressure controller 4 are single-cylinder constant flow and constant pressure pumps. The second pressure controller 4 maintains a constant pressure mode. When measuring the particle expansion displacement, the upper and lower pressures of the second pressurizing piston 25 are the same. When the particle expansion pushes the second pressurizing piston 25 upward, the fluid in the upper part of the second pressurizing piston 25 will flow back into the second pressure controller 4 to maintain a constant upper and lower pressure.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the reactor 2 is also provided with a central pressure relief port 26, and a third pressure relief valve is provided at the central pressure relief port 26 to control the opening and closing of the central pressure relief port 26.

[0053] In this embodiment, the data acquisition and control module consists of a computer host, a monitor, a mouse and keyboard, and data cables. The first temperature sensor 5, the second temperature sensor 6, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the displacement gauge 23 are all electrically connected to the computer host via data cables for acquiring and transmitting temperature, pressure, and displacement data. The computer host is equipped with software for testing the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials, used for processing and displaying the data.

[0054] This embodiment employs a geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device to test the deformation and strength parameters of particle material A and particle material B, obtaining the stress-strain curve of particle material A during the compressive process, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the expansion rate-time curve of particulate material B during the heating process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0055] This method can measure parameters such as compression deformation rate, compressive strength, elastic modulus, compression rebound rate, expansion deformation rate, and creep rate of granular materials. Specifically:

[0056] Compressive strength:

[0057] Find the highest point on the stress-strain curve; the stress value at that point is the compressive strength.

[0058] Elastic modulus:

[0059] The elastic modulus can be obtained by calculating the slope of the initial linear portion of the stress-strain curve.

[0060] Compression rebound rate:

[0061] After the granules are loaded, the initial height H0 of the second pressurizing piston 25 is recorded. After axial loading to the target pressure, the pressure is stabilized for a period of time, and the height H1 of the second pressurizing piston 25 is recorded. After unloading the pressure, the final height H2 of the second pressurizing piston 25 is recorded. The compression rebound rate is (H2-H0) / (H1-H0).

[0062] Creep rate:

[0063] Under constant pressure loading, the strain-time curve is the change of creep rate over time.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for testing the deformation and strength parameters of granular materials used in geological and energy development, characterized in that: Includes a reaction vessel (2), and a second pressure piston (25) is provided inside the reaction vessel (2) that can slide up and down; The lower part of the reactor (2) is provided with a plugging material filling section, and the plugging material filling section is wrapped with a second heating jacket (24); The bottom of the plugging material filling section is provided with a third connecting port for inputting preheated fluid. It can be filled with granular material, and the granular material can expand and deform when it comes into contact with the preheated fluid at a certain temperature, thereby pushing the second pressurizing piston (25) to move upward. The reactor (2) is connected to a second pressure controller (4) at its top. The second pressure piston (25) can move downward under the pressure drive of the second pressure controller (4) to squeeze the particulate material in the plugging material filling section.

2. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor (2) is provided with a lower pressure relief port (22) and an upper pressure relief port (21) at its bottom and top, respectively. A first pressure relief valve and a second pressure relief valve are provided at the lower pressure relief port (22) and the upper pressure relief port (21), respectively.

3. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device also includes a displacement meter (23). The top of the second pressurizing piston (25) is provided with a displacement rod. The laser light source of the displacement meter (23) can be projected onto the displacement rod to monitor the displacement of the displacement rod.

4. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the reactor (2) is fitted with a water-cooled jacket (7).

5. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reactor (2) has a central pressure relief port (26) in the middle, and a third pressure relief valve is provided at the central pressure relief port (26).

6. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the reactor (2) is equipped with a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor (6).

7. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device also includes a preheating vessel (1) for preheating fluid; The preheating vessel (1) is fitted with a first heating jacket (14) on its outside, and has an exhaust port (12) and a second connecting port at its bottom; The second connection port is connected to the third connection port via a high-pressure pipeline, and a second connection valve is provided at the second connection port; The preheating vessel (1) is equipped with a first pressurizing piston (13) that can slide up and down inside. Below the first pressurizing piston (13), fluid is contained in the preheating vessel (1). The top of the preheating vessel (1) is also connected to a first pressure controller (3), and the first pressurizing piston (13) can move downward under the pressurizing drive of the first pressure controller (3) to pressurize the fluid below the first pressurizing piston (13).

8. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preheating vessel (1) is equipped with a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor (5) in its lower part.

9. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The particulate material deformation and strength parameter testing device also includes a data acquisition and control module; The displacement gauge (23), the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor (5), and the second pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor (6) are respectively connected to the data acquisition and control module via telecommunications.

10. The geological energy development particle material deformation and strength parameter testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both the first pressure controller (3) and the second pressure controller (4) are single-cylinder constant flow and constant pressure pumps.

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