A multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetic Barkhausen noise anisotropy

Abstract

This application provides a multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy. Utilizing a control and data acquisition system, with the test sample at a first stress level, the device controls a triaxial position adjustment module to move to a first target detection position, and a MBN sensor module to move to a retrenchment position. An angle rotation module is then controlled to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle. The triaxial position adjustment module is then controlled to move perpendicular to the test sample surface to an advancing detection position, bringing the MBN sensor module and the test sample to a preset lift-off distance. An alternating magnetic field is applied to the test sample by the MBN sensor module, and signals are acquired. This process is repeated to acquire and analyze multi-angle MBN signals, generating anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample. This application enables the detection of MBN signals at multiple angles, positions, and stress levels on the test sample, thereby improving the sensitivity and reliability of anisotropy characterization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nondestructive testing technology, and further to the field of magnetic Barkhausen noise detection technology, and relates to, but is not limited to, a multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetic Barkhausen noise anisotropy. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) is a transient electromagnetic signal generated by irreversible jumping of magnetic domain walls in ferromagnetic materials under the influence of an alternating magnetic field. Because MBN signals are sensitive to stress levels, microstructure, and magnetization direction, they are widely used in nondestructive testing fields such as residual stress detection, fatigue damage assessment, and surface strengthening quality evaluation in ferromagnetic materials. In ferromagnetic materials, stress leads to changes in magnetic domain orientation and motion characteristics, resulting in a significant direction dependence of the MBN signal, i.e., stress-induced MBN anisotropy.

[0003] Existing MBN anisotropy detection devices include: manual U-shaped yoke MBN detection devices rely on manual stepping rotation and lifting adjustment, which suffers from low positioning accuracy, poor repeatability, difficulty in ensuring lifting consistency, and difficulties in motion coordination; automatic rotating magnetic field devices eliminate mechanical rotation, but have complex structures, high costs, and are only suitable for fixed-point detection; three-axis motion platform detection devices can achieve local scanning, but the probe installation angle is fixed, making it impossible to complete multi-directional magnetization signal acquisition at the same detection point. Simultaneously, there are also technical limitations at the signal processing level; traditional time-frequency domain characteristic parameters lack sensitivity, restricting detection accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a scanning device that integrates stress loading, precise adjustment of probe lifting, automatic positioning at multiple positions, continuous rotation of excitation angle, and synchronous acquisition of MBN signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, this application provides a multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy. It aims to use a control and data acquisition system to control a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and an MBN sensor module connected in sequence to achieve precise control of the lift-off distance, continuous 360° angle switching, and automatic scanning at multiple points. Combined with multi-dimensional feature analysis, it can achieve continuous and stable detection of the same test sample under different stress levels, multiple detection angles, and multiple spatial positions, thereby improving the sensitivity and reliability of anisotropy characterization.

[0006] This application provides a multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy. The device includes: a control and data acquisition system, a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and a magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) sensor module. The MBN sensor module is mounted on the rotating end of the angle rotation module, which is fixed to the end of the three-axis position adjustment module. The control and data acquisition system is used to, when the test sample is at the first stress level in the stress level group, first control the three-axis position adjustment module to move to the first target detection position in the target detection position group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module to move to the retrenchment position; then control the angle rotation module to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle in the target excitation detection angle group. The system rotates the MBN sensor module to the first target excitation detection direction. Then, it controls the triaxial position adjustment module to move along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample to the forward detection position, causing the MBN sensor module to reach a preset lift-off distance from the test sample. In response to the triaxial position adjustment module moving to the forward detection position, the system controls the MBN sensor module to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample and acquire MBN signals corresponding to the first stress level, the first target detection position, and the first target excitation detection angle within a preset acquisition time. The system repeats the above operations to acquire and analyze multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to the stress level group, the target detection position group, and the target excitation detection angle group, generating anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following: This application achieves a modular structure design for the device by deploying a control and data acquisition system, a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and an MBN sensor module. Through the control and data acquisition system, the device achieves electromechanical coordinated timing control. The modular structure design and electromechanical coordinated timing control enable integrated linkage of the MBN sensor module's lift-up / retraction, multi-angle rotation, and multi-position positioning, solving the problem that existing devices struggle to simultaneously and automatically scan MBN signals under different stress levels, spatial positions, and multiple detection angles on the same test sample. By acquiring and analyzing multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to stress level groups, target detection position groups, and target excitation detection angle groups, the device automatically acquires MBN signals under stress-position-angle three-dimensional conditions. The response data is used to construct anisotropic distribution patterns, providing a reliable experimental platform for non-destructive testing and anisotropic characterization of local planar regions of ferromagnetic materials awaiting testing. Through analysis of the time-domain, frequency-domain, and time-frequency characteristics of multi-angle MBN signals, this device can not only characterize MBN anisotropy using characteristic parameters, but also simultaneously analyze the dynamic response of MBN signals in the time domain and the evolution of energy distribution in the frequency domain, extracting time-frequency domain characteristics to characterize the non-stationary changes in domain wall motion under stress. This overcomes the limitations of existing methods that ignore the differences in time-domain response and frequency-domain characteristics caused by different anisotropic formation mechanisms of materials, thereby improving the sensitivity of characteristic parameters to anisotropy, capturing subtle signal differences caused by angle changes, and further improving the detection accuracy of MBN anisotropy.

[0008] Thus, this application utilizes a control and data acquisition system to control a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and an MBN sensor module connected in sequence, thereby achieving precise control of the lift-off distance, continuous 360° angle switching, and automatic multi-point scanning. This enables the detection of MBN signals on the test sample under multiple angles, positions, and stress levels, providing a reliable technical means for non-destructive testing of local planar stress in ferromagnetic materials and characterization of stress-induced MBN anisotropy. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of the first multi-angle scanning device for stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2A schematic diagram of the composition of the second type of multi-angle scanning device for stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-angle scanning device for stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front view of the multi-angle scanning device for stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the YZ axis gantry support frame provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the angle rotation module and the magnetic Barkhausen noise sensor module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 A system control block diagram of a multi-angle scanning device for stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the anisotropy results of the root mean square value of magnetic Barkhausen noise of ferromagnetic materials measured under different stresses in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the magnetic anisotropy results of different time-frequency characteristics of ferromagnetic materials provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the operating timing of the multi-angle scanning device for stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0010] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows: 1000 - Multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetization and Barkhausen noise anisotropy; 10 - Stress loading module; 20 - Angle rotation module; 30 - Test sample; 40 - MBN sensor module; 50 - YZ axis gantry support frame; 60 - Y-axis electric slide; 70 - Z-axis electric slide; 80 - X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism; 90 - X-axis ball screw base; 100 - Control and data acquisition system; 200 - Three-axis position adjustment module; 300 - Angle scale; 900 - X-axis ball screw; 910 - Rotary connecting shaft; 9 20 - Angle rotation drive motor; 930 - X-axis electric slide table; 940 - X-axis coupling; 950 - X-axis servo drive motor; 960 - Detection coil; 970 - Shielding layer; 980 - X-axis guide rail; 990 - X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism; 80 - Moving platform; 810 - Z-axis slide table mounting base; 820 - Y-axis guide rail; 830 - Y-axis drive; 840 - Gantry column; 850 - Z-axis balance spring; 860 - MBN sensor module mounting bracket; 870 - Hall element; 880 - U-shaped electromagnet. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0012] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0013] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, and third" used in the embodiments of this application are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. It is understood that "first, second, and third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0014] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0015] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the relevant technologies involved in this application will be further described in detail below.

[0016] MBN signals are highly sensitive to the irreversible motion of microscopic magnetic domain walls in ferromagnetic materials. The domain wall dynamics are constrained by the grain orientation, texture, and residual stress field within the material, thus exhibiting significant anisotropic characteristics. By acquiring the variation patterns of MBN signals at different detection angles, the stress state and anisotropic features of a single detection location in the material can be characterized.

[0017] Existing MBN anisotropy testing devices include those centered around a U-shaped magnetic yoke sensor, relying on manually rotated sensors to acquire signals under different magnetization directions. In this type of manual testing, the spatial positioning of the probe and the switching of the magnetization direction largely depend on manual operation, resulting in low positioning accuracy and insufficient repeatability. Especially when testing on stress-loading devices, the test sample is often held vertically, and the adjustment of the probe's lift-off distance relies on manual control, making it difficult to ensure consistency. Furthermore, the coordination of various actions is challenging, affecting the stability of the testing.

[0018] Some studies have also proposed a rotating magnetic field type MBN measurement device with automatic rotating periodic excitation. This type of device changes the magnetization direction by manipulating the excitation current to generate a rotating magnetic field, eliminating the need for mechanically rotating sensors. However, it has a complex structure, high cost, and is only suitable for detection at fixed detection points.

[0019] Another study used a continuous detection device with a probe mounted on a three-axis motion platform to achieve non-destructive testing of the stress field in a local area of ​​ferromagnetic materials. However, the probe was installed at a fixed angle, making it impossible to collect MBN signals from multiple angles at the same detection point.

[0020] Furthermore, in terms of signal processing and feature extraction, existing methods mostly rely on traditional time-domain or frequency-domain features such as root mean square value and peak value, ignoring the different characterization rules of material anisotropy formation mechanisms in time-domain response and frequency-domain features. This results in insufficient sensitivity of feature parameters to anisotropy, making it difficult to capture subtle signal differences caused by angle changes, thus limiting further improvement in the accuracy of magnetic anisotropy detection.

[0021] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a technical concept: integrating a stress loading module, a control and data acquisition system, a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and an MBN sensor module to construct an integrated device capable of applying controllable stress to the test sample and possessing both angle and position-based scanning capabilities. Combined with multidimensional feature analysis, this enables continuous and stable detection of the same test sample under different stress states, multiple detection angles, and multiple spatial positions, thereby improving the sensitivity and reliability of anisotropy characterization. Correspondingly, the following embodiments can be referred to: Example 1: See Figure 1 The first type of multi-angle scanning device 1000 for stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy provided in this application embodiment includes: a control and data acquisition system 100, a three-axis position adjustment module 200, an angle rotation module 20, and a magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) sensor module 40; the MBN sensor module 40 is installed at the rotating end of the angle rotation module 20, and the angle rotation module 20 is fixed at the end of the three-axis position adjustment module 200; wherein: The control and data acquisition system 100 is used to, when the test sample 30 is at the first stress level in the stress level group, first control the triaxial position adjustment module 200 to move to the first target detection position in the target detection position group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 to move to the retrenchment avoidance position; then control the angle rotation module 20 to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle in the target excitation detection angle group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 to rotate to the first target excitation detection direction; and then control the triaxial position adjustment module 200 to move along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample 30 to the forward detection position. The MBN sensor module 40 is positioned to move to a preset lifting distance from the test sample 30. In response to the triaxial position adjustment module 200 moving to the forward detection position, the MBN sensor 40 is controlled to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample 30 and acquire MBN signals corresponding to the first stress level, the first target detection position, and the first target excitation detection angle within a preset acquisition time. The above operations are repeated to acquire and analyze the multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to the stress level group, the target detection position group, and the target excitation detection angle group, and generate anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample 30.

[0022] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The device 1000 further includes a stress loading module 10.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the device 1000 mainly consists of a stress loading module 10, a three-axis position adjustment module 200, an angle rotation module 20, and an MBN sensor module 40. Through multi-module collaborative control, it realizes an automated scanning process of "MBN sensor module advance and retreat - angle rotation - multi-position scanning" to complete the accurate acquisition of MBN signals under different stress levels, different detection angles, and different spatial positions.

[0024] It should be noted that, for Figure 2 The above only introduces the stress loading module 10 and other components already mentioned. Other marked components will not be discussed here but will be explained later. The logic behind the descriptions of other attached figures is the same as... Figure 2 The same applies, so I will not repeat myself.

[0025] Based on the above structural description, the control and data acquisition system 100 is also used to control the stress loading module 10 to apply the current stress level to the test sample 30 clamped in the stress loading module 10, and to obtain the feedback value of the current stress level in real time; if the feedback value of the current stress level is within a preset stable range within a preset stable time, it is determined that the test sample 30 is at the first stress level in the stress level group.

[0026] The following is combined Figure 3 To understand how stress loading module 10 applies the first level of stress to the test sample: like Figure 3 As shown, the portal rigid frame of the stress loading module 10 provides stable support for stress loading; the test sample 30 is vertically installed in the middle of the portal rigid frame of the stress loading module 10, and the stress loading module 10 can apply constant tensile stress to the test sample 30.

[0027] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The three-axis position adjustment module 200 includes: an X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80, a Y-axis electric slide 60, a Z-axis electric slide 70, and a YZ-axis gantry support frame 50.

[0028] Among them, the YZ axis gantry support frame 50 is installed on the moving platform 990 of the X axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80, and the Y axis electric slide 60 and the Z axis electric slide 70 are installed on the YZ axis gantry support frame.

[0029] The following is combined Figures 3 to 6 Let's understand the hardware structure of the three-axis position adjustment module 200: like Figure 3 As shown, the three-axis position adjustment module 200 includes: a YZ axis gantry support frame 50, a Y axis electric slide 60, a Z axis electric slide 70, an X axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80, and an X axis ball screw base 90.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80 includes: an X-axis ball screw 900, an X-axis electric slide 930, an X-axis coupling 940, an X-axis servo drive motor 950, and an X-axis guide rail 980.

[0031] The X-axis servo drive motor 950 is connected to the X-axis ball screw 900 via the X-axis coupling 940; the end of the screw is supported by the X-axis ball screw base 90; when the X-axis servo drive motor 950 rotates forward and backward, it drives the X-axis electric slide 930 to move back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample, so as to drive the lifting and moving control of the MBN sensor module 40, effectively avoiding interference and collision during angular rotation, and the positioning accuracy is ±0.05mm.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the YZ-axis gantry support frame 50 is supported by a gantry frame as its core. The main body of the gantry frame is fixed on the X-axis electric slide table 930, moving forward and backward synchronously with it. The column 840 of the gantry frame is a vertical support structure to ensure overall rigidity. The Y-axis electric slide table 60 is horizontally installed on the crossbeam of the gantry frame, and the Y-axis drive 830 provides power for it, cooperating with the Y-axis guide rail 820 to achieve horizontal left and right movement. The Z-axis electric slide table 70 is suspended from the moving end of the Y-axis electric slide table 60 through the Z-axis slide table mounting base 810. The Z-axis balance spring 850 is used to reduce the load on the Z-axis motor and achieve precise vertical adjustment. Through the coordinated movement of the Y-axis electric slide table 60 and the Z-axis electric slide table 70, the MBN sensor module 40 can be driven to perform two-dimensional position adjustment on the surface of the test sample 30, realizing grid scanning of each target detection position corresponding to the target detection position group, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0033] Based on the above structural description, the control and data acquisition system 100 is used to control the triaxial position adjustment module 200 to move to the first target detection position in the target detection position group when the test sample 30 is at the first stress level in the stress level group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 to move to the retrenchment avoidance position, including: The control and data acquisition system 100 is specifically used to control the YZ-axis gantry support frame 50 to move when the test sample 30 is at the first stress level in the stress level group, until the position feedback value of the Y-axis electric slide 60 falls into the Y coordinate threshold range corresponding to the first target detection position, and the position feedback value of the Z-axis electric slide 70 falls into the Z coordinate threshold range corresponding to the first target detection position, so as to realize the YZ-axis gantry support frame 50 moving to the first target detection position; when the YZ-axis gantry support frame 50 moves to the first target detection position, the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80 is controlled to move to the retraction avoidance position, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 installed on the rotating end of the angle rotation module 20 to move to the retraction avoidance position.

[0034] The angle rotation module 20 is fixed to the end of the Z-axis electric slide 70, and the MBN sensor module 40 is installed on the rotating end of the angle rotation module 20.

[0035] In some embodiments, see continue to see Figure 2 The angle rotation module 20 includes: an angle rotation drive motor 920, a rotation connecting shaft 910, and an angle scale 300.

[0036] The following is combined Figure 7 The following schematic diagram illustrates the hardware structure of the angle rotation module 20: The angle rotation module 20 and the MBN sensor module 40 are coaxially integrated. The angle rotation drive motor 920 is connected to the MBN sensor module mounting bracket 860 via a rotary connecting shaft 910, driving the MBN sensor module 40 to rotate circumferentially. The angle rotation module 20 displays the current rotation angle in real time via an angle scale 300. (0°≤) (≤360°), rotational positioning accuracy is ±0.1°.

[0037] Based on the above structural description, the control and data acquisition system 100 is used to control the angle rotation module 20 to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle in the target excitation detection angle group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 to rotate to the first target excitation detection direction, including: The control and data acquisition system 100 is specifically used to control the angle rotation drive motor 920 to drive the MBN sensor module 40 to rotate through the rotation connecting shaft 910, and to acquire the feedback value of the current excitation detection angle output by the angle scale 300 in real time; if the absolute value of the difference between the feedback value of the current excitation detection angle and the first target excitation detection angle is less than or equal to the allowable error value of the angle position, the angle rotation module 20 is determined to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 to rotate to the first target excitation detection direction.

[0038] In some embodiments, the control and data acquisition system 100 is used to control the triaxial position adjustment module 200 to move along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample 30 to a forward detection position, so as to drive the MBN sensor module 40 and the test sample 30 to reach a preset lift-off distance, including: The control and data acquisition system 100 is specifically used to control the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80 to move along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample 30 until the absolute error value of the difference between the current position feedback value of the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80 and the forward detection position is less than or equal to the allowable error value of the X-axis position, so that the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80 reaches the forward detection position, thereby driving the MBN sensor module 40 and the test sample 30 to reach a preset lifting distance.

[0039] In some embodiments, see continue to see Figure 2 The MBN sensor 40 includes: a U-shaped electromagnet 880 composed of an excitation coil and a U-shaped magnetic yoke, and a detection coil 960.

[0040] The following is combined Figure 4 and Figure 7 Let's understand the hardware structure of the MBN sensor module 40: like Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the MBN sensor module 40 includes a U-shaped electromagnet 880, which provides a stable alternating excitation magnetic field for the test sample 30; a detection coil 960 is embedded inside the U-shaped electromagnet 880; a Hall element 870 can collect the tangential magnetic field on the surface of the test sample 30; and a shielding layer 970 can accurately isolate the direct interference of the excitation magnetic field to the detection coil 960, prevent the excitation waveform from entering the MBN acquisition channel, and ensure that the acquired signal only reflects the magnetic Barkhausen effect of the material itself, rather than external excitation interference.

[0041] Based on the above structural description, the control and data acquisition system 100, in response to the triaxial position adjustment module 200 moving to the forward detection position, controls the MBN sensor 40 to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample 30 and acquire MBN signals corresponding to the first stress level, the first target detection position, and the first target excitation detection angle within a preset acquisition time, including: The control and data acquisition system 100 is specifically used to control the U-shaped electromagnet 880 to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample 30 according to the preset excitation parameters in response to the three-axis position adjustment module 200 moving to the forward detection position, so as to acquire the MBN signal output by the detection coil 960 under the first stress level, the first target detection position and the first target excitation detection angle within the preset acquisition time.

[0042] Based on the above content, combined with Figure 8To understand the process of coordinated operation of various control modules in a control and data acquisition system: like Figure 8 As shown, the control and data acquisition system includes several parts: stress control, host computer, motor control, signal generator, power amplifier, acquisition card, and signal conditioning circuit.

[0043] The control and data acquisition system adjusts the stress loading module 10 through stress control; the host computer controls the stepper motor (corresponding to the X-axis servo drive motor 950) and the rotary motor (corresponding to the angle rotation drive motor 920), which in turn drive the ball screw (corresponding to the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism 80) and the moving platform to achieve multi-axis positioning of the three-axis position adjustment module 200 and angle rotation of the angle rotation module 20; an alternating magnetic field is generated by controlling the excitation coil through a signal generator and a power amplifier; and signals from the detection coil and Hall element are received through a data acquisition card. Based on this, the modules work together to achieve automatic scanning and data acquisition.

[0044] In some embodiments, the control and data acquisition system 100 is used to repeat the above operations, acquire and analyze multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to the stress level group, target detection position group, and target excitation detection angle group, and generate anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample 30, including: The control and data acquisition system 100 is specifically used to extract the time-domain features, frequency-domain features, and time-frequency features of the multi-angle MBN signal to obtain three types of feature parameters; store the three types of feature parameters, each stress level, each target detection position, and each target excitation detection angle to generate anisotropic feature distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample 30 for regularity analysis.

[0045] For example, the control and data acquisition system 100 is used to perform time-domain, frequency-domain, and time-frequency analysis on multi-angle MBN signals, extract time-domain features, frequency-domain features, and time-frequency features within the corresponding time and frequency intervals, and draw anisotropic pole figures under different stress levels, different target detection positions, and different target excitation detection angles based on the extracted feature parameters, so as to obtain the anisotropic distribution law of MBN.

[0046] Specifically, using the target excitation detection angle as the polar angle and the corresponding characteristic parameter value as the polar radius, anisotropic polar coordinate data corresponding to different stress levels and different target detection positions are generated. By comparing the anisotropic polar coordinate data corresponding to different characteristic parameters, the anisotropic variation law of MBN is analyzed, and the spatial distribution characteristics and stress response characteristics of MBN signals are obtained.

[0047] The following is combined Figure 9 and Figure 10 To understand anisotropic pole figures: like Figure 9 As shown, the root mean square value (MBN) of the magnetic Barkhausen noise is used. RMS The Root Mean Square (RMS) is used as a characteristic parameter to show the magnetic anisotropy polar coordinates at different stress levels (0 MPa, 40 MPa, and 180 MPa).

[0048] Depend on Figure 9 It can be seen that MBN under different stress levels RMS The polar coordinate curves show differences in amplitude, peak direction, and curve shape, indicating that changes in stress level will cause changes in the magnetic Barkhausen noise signal.

[0049] like Figure 10 As shown, different time-frequency characteristics ((a) spectral flatness, (b) concentration measurement, (c) spectral mean and (d) spectral skewness) exhibit obvious direction dependence and anisotropy under different target excitation detection angles.

[0050] Depend on Figure 10 As shown in part (a), the graph presents an approximate double-lobed shape, but the edges have irregular undulations, indicating that the spectral flatness has a significant angle dependence. However, the anisotropic shape is not a standard smooth petal, and the response of this spectral flatness feature to changes in the target excitation detection angle is more complex.

[0051] Depend on Figure 10 As shown in part (b), the graph presents a standard smooth double-principal-axis petal (with the largest amplitude in the 90° and 270° directions and the extremely low value in the vertical direction), indicating that the concentration measurement value exhibits extremely strong anisotropy. The signal is highly concentrated in the dominant magnetization directions of 90° and 270°, with almost no response in the orthogonal directions, and is very sensitive to the principal stress orientation of the material.

[0052] Depend on Figure 10 As can be seen from part (c), the distribution pattern of the graph is highly consistent with that of (b), and it is also a double-lobed structure with significant protrusion in the 90° and 270° directions, indicating that the evolution trend of the spectral mean and the concentration measurement value are similar, and both can effectively identify the dominant magnetization angle; however, compared with the concentration map, the base amplitude in the central orthogonal direction is slightly higher.

[0053] Depend on Figure 10 As shown in part (d), the double-lobed peaks of the graph appear in the 0° and 180° directions, which are exactly orthogonal to the dominant directions of (b) and (c). This indicates that the optimal response direction of the spectral skewness is perpendicular to the spectral mean and concentration parameter, reflecting that different frequency domain features capture different dimensions of anisotropy information of the MBN signal.

[0054] By synchronously monitoring the evolution characteristics of the time-domain dynamic response and frequency-domain energy distribution of MBN signals, and constructing a multi-dimensional feature parameter system including time-frequency energy distribution and spectral statistics, it is possible to effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional feature parameters in characterizing anisotropy, and thus extract more key feature parameters that reflect the changes in the micro-state of materials under stress.

[0055] For example, the steps of a multi-angle scanning device 1000 for detecting stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy are described below with reference to a specific embodiment: Step 1, Sample clamping and system calibration: Install the sample to be tested in the stress loading module; adjust the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism to set the lifting distance between the MBN sensor module and the detection surface of the sample to be tested (range 0~20mm); perform signal baseline calibration on the MBN sensor module to complete the initial calibration of the control and data acquisition system.

[0056] Step 2, Preset detection parameter settings: Set the forward detection position of the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism in the motion control unit of the control and data acquisition system. and retreat to avoid position Set the allowable error for X-axis positioning. The moving step length of the YZ axis gantry support frame Set target detection location group , This represents the index of the target detection location within the target detection location group. Indicates the total number of target detection locations; sets the rotation step size of the angle rotation module. Allowable error in angle positioning Target excitation detection angle group , This indicates the index of the target excitation detection angle in the target excitation detection angle group. Indicates the total number of target excitation detection angles; sets the loading stress level group of the stress loading module. , Indicates the index of the stress level in the stress level group. Indicates the total number of stress levels; sets the excitation parameters and signal acquisition time of the MBN sensor module. And lift-off distance L, etc.

[0057] The motion control unit is used to drive the three-axis position adjustment module and the angle rotation module to move in coordination according to the target detection positions in the preset target detection position group and the target excitation detection angles in the preset target excitation detection angle group.

[0058] Step 3, Stress Loading: The control and data acquisition system first reads the preset detection parameters, then controls the stress loading module to apply the current stress level to the test sample, and obtains the feedback value of the current stress level in real time. If the feedback value of the current stress level is within the preset stable range within the preset stable time, it is determined that the test sample is at the first stress level in the stress level group, and the current stress level loading is considered complete.

[0059] Step 4, Positioning and Avoidance Preparation: With the test sample at the first stress level in the stress level group, the YZ axis gantry support frame moves to the first target detection position in the target detection position group. It determines whether the position is in place based on the position feedback values ​​of the Y-axis electric slide and the Z-axis electric slide.

[0060] When the position feedback value of the Y-axis electric slide falls into the Y-coordinate threshold range corresponding to the first target detection position, and the position feedback value of the Z-axis electric slide falls into the Z-coordinate threshold range corresponding to the first target detection position, it can be determined that both the Y-axis and Z-axis are in position, and the angle scanning loop begins. For the current target excitation detection angle, it is determined whether the MBN sensor module is located in the retraction avoidance position of the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism. If it is not located, the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism is controlled to retract to... This is to avoid interference between the sensor module and the test sample during the angle rotation process.

[0061] Step 5, Angle Rotation: When the MBN sensor module reaches the reversing avoidance position Then, the control angle rotation module rotates to the first target excitation detection angle. And read the feedback value of the current excitation detection angle. ;like If the angle is rotated to the correct position, then the angle is considered to be in place; otherwise, continue adjusting.

[0062] Step 6, Feed Detection: After the angle is in place, control the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism to move along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the sample to the forward detection position. This allows the MBN sensor module to reach a preset lift-off distance from the surface of the sample under test.

[0063] When the current position feedback value X of the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism satisfies When the detection position is determined, the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism reaches the forward detection position. This allows the MBN sensor module to reach a preset lift-off distance from the test sample.

[0064] Step 7, Signal Acquisition: After the detection position is reached, the signal acquisition unit of the control and data acquisition system sends an excitation start command, causing the excitation coil to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample according to the preset excitation parameters of excitation frequency and current amplitude; simultaneously, the control signal acquisition unit acquires the MBN signal output by the detection coil, and during the signal acquisition time... Signal acquisition is completed within the system.

[0065] The signal acquisition unit is used to receive MBN signals under different stress levels, different target detection positions, and different target excitation detection angles.

[0066] Step 8, Feature Extraction: After the acquisition is completed, the data processing unit filters and extracts the envelope of the MBN signal corresponding to the first stress level, the first target detection position and the first target excitation detection angle, and then performs time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time-frequency analysis respectively.

[0067] Among them, time-domain analysis extracts features such as root mean square value and peak value; frequency-domain analysis extracts features such as main frequency, frequency band energy, and power spectral density; and time-frequency analysis extracts features such as time-frequency energy distribution, characteristic frequency band energy, and time-frequency peak value.

[0068] The data processing unit associates and stores the above three types of feature parameters with the current stress level, the current target detection position, and the current target excitation detection angle to generate corresponding magnetic anisotropy feature data.

[0069] Step 9, Angle Switching and Repeat Scanning: After the current first target excitation detection angle is completed, control the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism to retract to the X-axis retraction avoidance position. Determine whether the excitation detection angles of each target under the target detection position group have been scanned completely. If not, update the target excitation detection angle to the second target excitation detection angle. Repeat steps 4 through 8; if complete, proceed to the next step.

[0070] Step 10, Location Scanning: Complete the first target detection location. Then, control the YZ axis gantry support to move to the next detection position. The system then determines whether all preset target detection positions have been completed. If not, steps 4 through 9 are repeated. If completed, the system proceeds to the next stress level or ends the scan.

[0071] Step 11, Stress Switching and Repeat Scanning Phase: After completing the first stress level After detecting all target positions and target excitation angles, the control stress loading module switches to the next stress level. Repeat steps 3 through 10 until all stress levels in the stress level group have been tested.

[0072] Step 12, Data Fusion: Based on the collected multi-angle MBN signals, extract the magnetic characteristic parameters of each target detection position, each stress level, and each target excitation detection angle, and construct a stress-position-angle three-dimensional data matrix for quantitative analysis of the evolution law of stress-induced MBN anisotropy and its spatial distribution characteristics.

[0073] The data processing unit uses the target excitation detection angle as the polar angle and the corresponding time-frequency characteristic parameter value as the polar radius to generate polar coordinate diagrams corresponding to different time-frequency characteristics. By comparing the shape, principal axis direction, peak direction and anisotropy of each polar coordinate diagram under different stress levels, the time-frequency domain direction dependence of the MBN signal under stress can be obtained.

[0074] Furthermore, the following is combined with Figure 11 To understand the working timing of the stress-magnetized Barkhausen noise anisotropy multi-angle scanning device 1000: like Figure 11 The following is the operating sequence of the multi-angle scanning device 1000 for stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy: Step 1: Begin.

[0075] Step 2: Specimen clamping.

[0076] Step 3: Displacement platform calibration; Parameter initialization: Stress ,Location Rotation step size 1. Lift-off distance L; 2. Magnetic field configuration: period, amplitude, frequency.

[0077] Step 4: Increase and maintain load stress .

[0078] Step 5: Move to the detection location .

[0079] Step 6: Advance the L probe (corresponding to the MBN sensor module) to the test piece (corresponding to the sample to be tested).

[0080] Step 7: Excite and acquire MBN signal.

[0081] Step 8: Retract the L-probe and lift it away.

[0082] Step 9: Rotate the excitation angle .

[0083] Step 10, if " <360 If "Y" is true, proceed to step 6; if "Y" is true, proceed to step 6. <360 If the value is N (corresponding to "No"), continue to step 11.

[0084] Step 11: Complete the current task. Multi-angle detection.

[0085] Step 12: Move to the next detection position Multi-angle detection.

[0086] Step 13: If "Have you completed all tasks?" If "N" is true, proceed to step 6; if "Have all been completed?" is false, proceed to step 6. "If the value is Y, proceed to step 14."

[0087] Step 14, change the stress to .

[0088] Step 15: If "Have you completed all tasks?" If "N" is true, jump to step 4; if "Have all been completed?" is false, proceed to step 4. "If the value is Y, proceed to step 16."

[0089] Step 16, End.

[0090] according to Figure 11 The entire process shown ultimately yields multi-angle MBN signals under different stress levels, different target excitation detection angles, and different target detection positions.

[0091] The beneficial effects of this application include at least the following: The device achieves a modular structure design by deploying a control and data acquisition system, a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and an MBN sensor module.

[0092] By controlling each module through the control and data acquisition system, the electromechanical coordinated timing control of the device can be achieved.

[0093] Through modular structural design and electromechanical coordinated timing control, the MBN sensor module’s lifting, advancing and retreating, multi-angle rotation and multi-position positioning are integrated and linked, solving the problem that existing devices are unable to simultaneously complete the coordinated automatic scanning of MBN signals under different stress levels, different spatial positions and multiple detection angles on the same test sample.

[0094] By acquiring and analyzing multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to stress level group, target detection position group, and target excitation detection angle group, the device can automatically acquire MBN response data under three-dimensional stress-position-angle conditions to construct anisotropic distribution law, providing a reliable experimental platform for non-destructive testing and anisotropic characterization of local plane regions of ferromagnetic materials awaiting test.

[0095] By analyzing the time-domain, frequency-domain, and time-frequency characteristics of MBN signals from multiple angles, this device can not only characterize MBN anisotropy using characteristic parameters, but also simultaneously analyze the dynamic response of MBN signals in the time domain and the evolution of energy distribution in the frequency domain. It extracts time-frequency domain characteristics to characterize the non-stationary changes in domain wall motion under stress, overcoming the limitations of existing methods that ignore the differences in time-domain response and frequency-domain characteristics caused by different anisotropy formation mechanisms. This improves the sensitivity of characteristic parameters to anisotropy, enabling the capture of subtle signal differences caused by angle changes, and further enhancing the detection accuracy of MBN anisotropy.

[0096] Thus, this application utilizes a control and data acquisition system to control a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and an MBN sensor module connected in sequence, thereby achieving precise control of the lift-off distance, continuous 360° angle switching, and automatic multi-point scanning. This enables the detection of MBN signals on the test sample under multiple angles, positions, and stress levels, providing a reliable technical means for non-destructive testing of local planar stress in ferromagnetic materials and characterization of stress-induced MBN anisotropy.

[0097] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence numbers of the above-described processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. The sequence numbers of the above-described embodiments are merely descriptive and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0098] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0099] The devices disclosed in the several device embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new device embodiments.

[0100] The features disclosed in the several device embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new device embodiments.

[0101] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-angle scanning device for stress-induced magnetization Barkhausen noise anisotropy, characterized in that, The device includes: a control and data acquisition system, a three-axis position adjustment module, an angle rotation module, and a magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) sensor module; the MBN sensor module is installed at the rotating end of the angle rotation module, and the angle rotation module is fixed at the end of the three-axis position adjustment module; The control and data acquisition system is used to, when the test sample is at the first stress level in the stress level group, first control the three-axis position adjustment module to move to the first target detection position in the target detection position group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module to move to the retrenchment avoidance position; then control the angle rotation module to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle in the target excitation detection angle group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module to rotate to the first target excitation detection direction; subsequently control the three-axis position adjustment module to move along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample to the forward detection position, so as to drive the MBN sensor module and the test sample to reach a preset lifting distance; In response to the triaxial position adjustment module moving to the forward detection position, the MBN sensor module is controlled to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample and acquire MBN signals corresponding to the first stress level, the first target detection position, and the first target excitation detection angle within a preset acquisition time. Repeat the above operations to acquire and analyze the multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to the stress level group, target detection position group, and target excitation detection angle group, and generate anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: a stress loading module; The control and data acquisition system is also used to control the stress loading module to apply the current stress level to the test sample clamped in the stress loading module, and to obtain the feedback value of the current stress level in real time. If the feedback value of the current stress level is within the preset stable range within the preset stable time, the test sample is determined to be at the first stress level in the stress level group.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-axis position adjustment module includes: an X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism, a Y-axis electric slide, a Z-axis electric slide, and a YZ-axis gantry support frame; Among them, the YZ axis gantry support frame is installed on the moving platform of the X axis ball screw transmission mechanism, and the Y axis electric slide table and the Z axis electric slide table are installed on the YZ axis gantry support frame; The control and data acquisition system is used to, when the test sample is at the first stress level in the stress level group, first control the triaxial position adjustment module to move to the first target detection position in the target detection position group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module to move to the retrenchment avoidance position, including: The control and data acquisition system is specifically used to control the movement of the YZ axis gantry support frame when the test sample is at the first stress level in the stress level group, until the position feedback value of the Y axis electric slide falls into the Y coordinate threshold range corresponding to the first target detection position, and the position feedback value of the Z axis electric slide falls into the Z coordinate threshold range corresponding to the first target detection position, so as to realize the movement of the YZ axis gantry support frame to the first target detection position. When the YZ axis gantry support frame moves to the first target detection position, the X axis ball screw transmission mechanism is controlled to move to the retractable position, so as to drive the MBN sensor module installed on the rotating end of the angle rotation module to move to the retractable position.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle rotation module includes: an angle rotation drive motor, a rotation connecting shaft, and an angle scale. The control and data acquisition system is used to control the angle rotation module to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle in the target excitation detection angle group, so as to drive the MBN sensor module to rotate to the first target excitation detection direction, including: The control and data acquisition system is specifically used to control the angle rotation drive motor to drive the MBN sensor module to rotate through the rotation connecting shaft, and to obtain the feedback value of the current excitation detection angle output by the angle scale in real time; If the absolute value of the difference between the current excitation detection angle feedback value and the first target excitation detection angle is less than or equal to the angle positioning error value, the angle rotation module is determined to rotate to the first target excitation detection angle, so as to drive the MBN sensor module to rotate to the first target excitation detection direction.

5. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control and data acquisition system is used to control the three-axis position adjustment module to move along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample to the forward detection position, so as to drive the MBN sensor module and the test sample to reach a preset lift-off distance, including: The control and data acquisition system is specifically used to control the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism to move along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the test sample until the absolute error value of the difference between the current position feedback value of the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism and the forward detection position is less than or equal to the allowable error value of the X-axis position, so that the X-axis ball screw transmission mechanism reaches the forward detection position, thereby driving the MBN sensor module and the test sample to reach the preset lifting distance.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MBN sensor module includes: a U-shaped electromagnet composed of an excitation coil and a U-shaped magnetic yoke, and a detection coil; The control and data acquisition system is used to control the MBN sensor module to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample and acquire MBN signals corresponding to the first stress level, the first target detection position, and the first target excitation detection angle within a preset acquisition time, in response to the three-axis position adjustment module moving to the forward detection position. This includes: The control and data acquisition system is specifically used to respond to the movement of the three-axis position adjustment module to the forward detection position, and control the U-shaped electromagnet to apply an alternating magnetic field to the test sample according to the preset excitation parameters, so as to acquire the MBN signal output by the detection coil under the first stress level, the first target detection position and the first target excitation detection angle within the preset acquisition time.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and data acquisition system is used to repeat the above operations, acquire and analyze multi-angle MBN signals corresponding to the stress level group, target detection position group, and target excitation detection angle group, and generate anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample, including: The control and data acquisition system is specifically used to extract the time-domain features, frequency-domain features, and time-frequency features of multi-angle MBN signals to obtain three types of feature parameters. The system stores three types of characteristic parameters, stress levels, target detection positions, and target excitation detection angles to generate anisotropic characteristic distribution data of the MBN signal of the test sample for pattern analysis.

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