A motor drive fault detection system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fault detection and discloses a motor drive fault detection system. The device includes a core disk, a counterweight, a radial adjustment structure, and a parameter acquisition element. The core disk is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor. At least one counterweight is detachably mounted on the end face of the core disk. The radial adjustment structure is positioned between the core disk and the counterweight to adjust the radial installation distance of the counterweight relative to the rotation center of the core disk. The parameter acquisition element is located on the motor's power supply line to collect the motor's operating parameters when the counterweight is at different radial positions. These operating parameters are compared with preset thresholds to determine if a drive fault exists in the motor. This invention adjusts the moment of inertia by changing the radial position of the counterweight, achieving a quantitative evaluation of motor drive performance without relying on external load equipment. It features a simple structure, convenient operation, and wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fault detection, and more specifically to a motor drive fault detection system. Background Technology

[0002] As a core drive component in various industrial equipment and household appliances, the stability and reliability of the motor's operation directly affect the overall performance of the machine. Motor drive faults typically manifest as insufficient torque output, abnormal speed fluctuations, difficulty starting, or distorted operating current. These faults may originate from reasons such as broken rotor bars, worn bearings, short circuits between winding turns, driver parameter drift, or unbalanced power supply voltage. Failure to detect and locate drive faults in a timely manner will not only affect the normal operation of the equipment but may also cause secondary damage and increase maintenance costs.

[0003] Currently, detection methods for motor drive faults are mainly divided into two categories: online monitoring and offline detection. Online monitoring typically involves setting voltage and current sensors on the motor power supply line and combining them with signal processing algorithms to extract fault feature parameters, such as harmonic analysis, wavelet packet decomposition, or Hilbert transform. This type of method can continuously monitor the motor under normal operating conditions, but its accuracy is easily affected by load fluctuations and power supply noise. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the fault feature extraction algorithm is highly dependent on prior experience, and its ability to identify early and subtle faults is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a motor drive fault detection system to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A motor drive fault detection system, comprising: The core disc is used to fix and connect to the end of the motor's output shaft; The counterweight is detachably mounted on the end face of the core disk, and the number of counterweights is at least one. A radial adjustment structure is provided between the core disk and the counterweight to adjust the radial installation distance of the counterweight relative to the rotation center of the core disk. The parameter acquisition element is installed on the power supply line of the motor to collect the operating parameters of the motor when the counterweight is located at different radial positions; the parameter acquisition element includes a current sensor and a power sensor; The operating parameters are compared with preset thresholds to determine whether the motor has a drive fault.

[0006] Furthermore, the radial adjustment structure includes a guide groove and a locking element; The end face of the core disk is provided with a guide groove for the counterweight to slide radially. The counterweight is fixed at any radial position in the guide groove by a locking device to change the overall rotational inertia of the core disk and counterweight assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the device also includes: The vibration damping base is located at the bottom of the motor and is used to support the motor and isolate the external environmental vibrations from being transmitted to the motor. The vibration damping base includes a base plate, an elastic damping layer, and a mounting plate, with the elastic damping layer sandwiched between the base plate and the mounting plate; The motor is fixed to the mounting plate, and the elastic damping layer is used to absorb environmental vibrations transmitted to the motor from the ground or workbench.

[0008] Furthermore, the device also includes a friction loading assembly disposed on the outer periphery of the core disk for applying an adjustable frictional load to the core disk.

[0009] Furthermore, the friction loading component includes: Mounting bracket, fixedly mounted on the mounting plate; The movable pressure block is movably mounted on the mounting bracket, and a friction plate is fixed on the side of the movable pressure block facing the core disk; The loading adjustment component is located between the mounting bracket and the movable pressure block. It is used to drive the movable pressure block closer to or further away from the core disk to adjust the clamping force between the friction plate and the outer circumferential surface of the core disk.

[0010] Furthermore, the friction loading assembly also includes a linkage assembly, which is disposed between the core disk and the loading adjustment member, and is used to transmit the rotational motion of the core disk to the loading adjustment member to drive the loading adjustment member to move.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage components include a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a transmission component; The drive wheel is fixedly connected to the core disk on the same axis; The driven wheel is mounted on the loading adjustment component; The transmission component is connected between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and is used to transmit the rotational motion of the driving wheel to the driven wheel; The loading adjustment component moves with the driven wheel as it rotates, and pushes the movable pressure block closer to the core disk, so that the clamping force between the friction plate and the core disk increases with the increase of the core disk's rotation speed.

[0012] Furthermore, the loading adjustment component is a threaded rod with an external thread on its outer circumference, and the movable block has a threaded hole that mates with the threaded rod; the top of the movable block is set as an inclined surface that contacts the movable pressure block; a movable rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable block, and a sliding groove is opened on the mounting plate, in which the movable rod is slidably installed. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the driven wheel and extends to the support frame provided on the mounting plate. The threaded rod is rotatably connected to the support frame. When the driven wheel drives the threaded rod to rotate, the threaded rod drives the movable block to move linearly along the axial direction of the threaded rod through the threaded engagement, thereby lifting the movable pressure block.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable pressure block is also equipped with a lubrication assembly for lubricating the friction plates; the lubrication assembly includes: The oil storage chamber is fixed on the side of the movable pressure block away from the core plate, filled with lubricating oil, and has heat dissipation fins on the outer wall; The capillary oil-absorbing core is made of oleophilic porous material. One end is immersed in the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber, and the other end is attached and fixed to the back of the friction plate. The heat insulation sleeve covers the middle section of the capillary oil suction core to maintain the temperature difference between the oil storage chamber and the friction plate, and to transport oil to the friction plate through capillary action; The capillary oil-absorbing core has a radial branch structure at one end that is attached to the friction plate, and is evenly distributed along the friction plate; a one-way breathing valve is provided at the top of the oil storage chamber to balance the air pressure inside the chamber.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) By setting at least one detachable counterweight on the end face of the core disk and changing the radial installation distance of the counterweight relative to the rotation center of the core disk with a radial adjustment structure, the present invention can directly change the rotational inertia of the core disk and counterweight combination on the motor output shaft, thereby simulating different inertial load conditions without adding external load equipment, which is beneficial to quickly carry out multi-condition drive performance testing at the actual installation position of the motor.

[0015] (2) This invention acquires the motor's operating parameters, such as current and power, when the counterweight is located at different radial positions using a parameter acquisition element. These operating parameters are then compared with preset thresholds to determine whether the motor has a drive fault. The detection process does not require disassembling the motor or changing the original electrical connections, making it convenient to operate and causing no damage to the motor body. At the same time, by comparing the changing trends of the operating parameters of the same motor under different rotational inertia conditions, it helps to offset the influence of common-mode interference such as power supply voltage fluctuations on the detection results, thereby improving the reference value of fault determination.

[0016] (3) By setting a vibration damping base containing an elastic damping layer at the bottom of the motor, the present invention can effectively isolate the external environmental vibration from being transmitted to the motor, reduce the interference of ground or workbench vibration on the motor's operating status and parameter acquisition results, and make the detection process more stable. At the same time, with the friction loading component set on the outer periphery of the core disk, an adjustable friction load can be applied to the core disk, thereby introducing friction torque loading on the basis of changing the moment of inertia, realizing the combined adjustment of inertial load and friction load, which is conducive to more comprehensively simulating the load characteristics of the motor in actual operation and enriching the working condition coverage of drive fault detection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the friction loading component; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the friction plate structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lubrication assembly.

[0019] Figure Descriptions: 1. Core plate; 2. Counterweight; 3. Radial adjustment structure; 31. Guide groove; 32. Locking component; 4. Vibration damping base; 41. Base plate; 42. Elastic vibration damping layer; 43. Mounting plate; 5. Friction loading assembly; 51. Mounting bracket; 52. Movable pressure block; 53. Friction plate; 55. Loading adjustment component; 551. Threaded rod; 552. Threaded hole; 553. Inclined slope; 554. Movable rod; 555. Slide groove; 556. Movable block; 6. Linkage assembly; 61. Driving wheel; 62. Driven wheel; 63. Transmission component; 7. Lubrication assembly; 71. Oil storage chamber; 72. Heat dissipation fin assembly; 73. Capillary oil suction core; 74. Heat insulation sleeve; 75. Breathing one-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 4The present invention will be further described in detail below. The following description is intended to facilitate understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Any equivalent substitutions or partial modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments without departing from the concept of the invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The motor drive fault detection system provided by this invention includes a core disk 1, a counterweight 2, a radial adjustment structure 3, a parameter acquisition element (not shown in the figure), and optional vibration damping base 4 and friction loading assembly 5. The core disk 1 is used to fix it to the end of the motor's output shaft. In actual installation, the core disk 1 can be coaxially fixed to the motor's output shaft through a center hole, keyway, or expansion sleeve, ensuring that the core disk 1 rotates synchronously with the output shaft without relative slippage.

[0023] The counterweight 2 is detachably mounted on the end face of the core disk 1, and the number of counterweights 2 is at least one. As an optional implementation, the counterweight 2 can be a fan-shaped block or a rectangular block, with a guide boss on the side closest to the core disk 1 to cooperate with the radial adjustment structure 3. The radial adjustment structure 3 is disposed between the core disk 1 and the counterweight 2, and is used to adjust the radial installation distance of the counterweight 2 relative to the rotation center of the core disk 1. In this embodiment, the radial adjustment structure 3 includes a guide groove 31 and a locking member 32 (see...). Figure 2 Specifically, the end face of the core disk 1 has a radially formed guide groove 31 for the counterweight 2 to slide. The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove 31 matches the guide boss at the bottom of the counterweight 2, such as a trapezoidal or T-shaped groove, to ensure that the counterweight 2 will not detach during radial sliding. The locking member 32 can be a bolt or a quick-clamping handle. After the counterweight 2 moves to the desired radial position, the locking member 32 is tightened to press and fix the counterweight 2 in the corresponding position of the guide groove 31. By changing the radial installation distance of the counterweight 2, the overall rotational inertia of the core disk 1 and the counterweight 2 assembly can be changed, thereby directly applying different inertial loads to the motor output shaft. Usually, the number of counterweights 2 can be two or four, evenly arranged in the circumferential direction to maintain dynamic balance; however, if it is only used to detect the driving capacity under specific working conditions, only one counterweight can be set. In this case, the balance can be achieved by adding compensating mass blocks in the opposite direction.

[0024] The parameter acquisition element is installed on the motor's power supply line, for example, using a current sensor or power sensor connected in series at the motor's power input line, to collect the motor's operating parameters when the counterweight 2 is in different radial positions. These operating parameters may include, but are not limited to, steady-state operating current, starting peak current, active power, or speed fluctuation. After starting the motor under no-load, the operator can first adjust the counterweight 2 to the position closest to the center of rotation, i.e., the position of minimum moment of inertia, and record a set of operating parameters. Then, the operator can gradually move the counterweight 2 outward along the guide groove 31, moving it a preset distance, such as 5mm or 10mm, and locking it after each movement. The operator then waits for the motor to stabilize, for example, running for 5-10 seconds, and records the operating parameters again. This process is repeated to obtain multiple sets of operating parameter sequences corresponding to different moments of inertia conditions. These operating parameters can be compared with preset thresholds to determine if the motor has a drive fault. The preset thresholds can be determined based on historical test data of healthy motors of the same model under the same moment of inertia conditions, or obtained through calibration using a standard prototype. During the comparison, it is possible to compare whether the parameters exceed the threshold under each operating condition, or to compare whether the rate of change of parameters between adjacent operating conditions is abnormal, thereby reducing the impact of common-mode interference such as power supply voltage fluctuations and improving the reliability of detection.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device may also include a vibration damping base 4, located at the bottom of the motor, to support the motor and isolate external environmental vibrations from being transmitted to it. The vibration damping base 4 includes a base plate 41, an elastic damping layer 42, and a mounting plate 43. The elastic damping layer 42 is sandwiched between the base plate 41 and the mounting plate 43. The base plate 41 can be directly fixed to the ground or a workbench, and the mounting plate 43 is used to fix the motor. The elastic damping layer 42 can be made of rubber, polyurethane elastomer, or metal spring damper, and its thickness and stiffness can be selected according to the motor weight and the vibration frequency at the site. The motor is fixed to the mounting plate 43 with bolts. The elastic damping layer 42 can absorb environmental vibrations transmitted to the motor from the ground or workbench, thereby reducing the impact of external disturbances on the stability of the motor's output torque. This allows the operating parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition element to more accurately reflect the motor's own driving performance, which is beneficial for improving the repeatability of the test results.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 4As a further improvement, the device may also include a friction loading assembly 5, which is disposed on the outer periphery of the core disk 1 and is used to apply an adjustable frictional load to the core disk 1. By combining the frictional load with the inertial load, the resistance characteristics encountered during the actual driving process of the motor can be more closely approximated, for example, simultaneously simulating the inertial component and the frictional component of the load. Specifically, the friction loading assembly 5 includes a mounting bracket 51, a movable pressure block 52, and a loading adjustment component 55. The mounting bracket 51 is fixedly disposed on the mounting plate 43, and may be L-shaped or portal-shaped, providing guidance for the movable pressure block 52. The movable pressure block 52 is movably disposed on the mounting bracket 51, and a friction plate 53 is fixed on the side facing the core disk 1, see [reference]. Figure 4 The friction plate 53 can be made of wear-resistant asbestos-based or semi-metallic friction material, and its friction surface is opposite to the outer circumferential surface of the core disk 1. A loading adjustment component 55 is disposed between the mounting bracket 51 and the movable pressure block 52, used to drive the movable pressure block 52 closer to or further away from the core disk 1, thereby adjusting the clamping force between the friction plate 53 and the outer circumferential surface of the core disk 1. The loading adjustment component 55 can be a manual adjusting screw, an eccentric cam, or a pneumatic actuator, etc. When the loading adjustment component 55 is adjusted manually or automatically, the movable pressure block 52 moves along the guide direction of the mounting bracket 51, causing the friction plate 53 to press against the outer circumferential surface of the core disk 1, generating a frictional resistance torque. During operation, the clamping force of the friction plate 53 can be further adjusted based on changing the radial position of the counterweight 2 to evaluate the drive output capability of the motor under combined load conditions.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the friction loading assembly 5 may further include a linkage assembly 6, which is disposed between the core disk 1 and the loading adjustment member 55. This linkage assembly 6 transmits the rotational motion of the core disk 1 to the loading adjustment member 55 to drive its movement. An optional structure of the linkage assembly 6 includes a driving wheel 61, a driven wheel 62, and a transmission member 63. The driving wheel 61 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the core disk 1, for example, by means of a flat key or set screw mounted on the hub of the core disk 1. The driven wheel 62 is disposed on the loading adjustment member 55. The transmission member 63 connects the driving wheel 61 and the driven wheel 62, transmitting the rotational motion of the driving wheel 61 to the driven wheel 62. The transmission member 63 may be a synchronous belt, chain, or gear pair. When a synchronous belt is used, both the driving wheel 61 and the driven wheel 62 are synchronous belt pulleys, and the transmission ratio can be set as needed, for example, 1:1 or 1:2. The loading adjustment component 55 moves with the driven wheel 62 as it rotates, pushing the movable pressure block 52 closer to the core disk 1, so that the clamping force between the friction plate 53 and the core disk 1 increases with the increase of the rotational speed of the core disk 1. In this way, when the motor speed increases, the frictional load automatically increases, which can simulate the torque characteristics of centrifugal loads, such as fans and pumps, thereby broadening the simulation range of fault detection conditions.

[0028] More specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loading adjustment member 55 is a threaded rod 551, and the outer periphery of the threaded rod 551 is provided with external threads; the movable block 556 is provided with a threaded hole 552 that mates with the threaded rod 551; the top of the movable block 556 is provided with an inclined slope 553 that contacts the movable pressure block 52; a movable rod 554 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the movable block 556, and a sliding groove 555 is provided on the mounting plate 43, and the movable rod 554 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 555. One end of the threaded rod 551 is fixedly connected to the driven wheel 62 and extends to a support frame (not shown in the figure) provided on the mounting plate 43. The threaded rod 551 is rotatably connected to the support frame, for example, by bearing support. When the driven wheel 62 drives the threaded rod 551 to rotate, the axial position of the threaded rod 551 is restricted by the support frame. The threaded rod 551 drives the movable block 556 to move linearly along the axial direction of the threaded rod 551 through the threaded engagement. The inclined surface 553 of the movable block 556 then pushes against the movable pressure block 52, causing the movable pressure block 52 to drive the friction plate 53 to press against the outer peripheral surface of the core disk 1. The direction of this linear movement depends on the helix direction and rotation direction of the threaded rod 551. By reasonably setting the helix direction, the movable block 556 can be made to move closer to the movable pressure block 52 when the core disk 1 rotates clockwise, thereby increasing the clamping force. As the rotational speed of the core disk 1 increases, the rotational speed of the driving wheel 61 increases, the rotational speed of the driven wheel 62 increases accordingly, the rotational speed of the threaded rod 551 increases, the moving speed of the movable block 556 increases, and the rate of increase in clamping force also increases, ultimately realizing the function of automatic adjustment of frictional load with rotational speed. Conversely, when the motor decelerates or stops, the clamping force automatically decreases to reduce overheating or excessive wear.

[0029] When using this device to detect drive faults, the following steps can be taken: The first step is to fix the motor on the mounting plate 43 of the vibration damping base 4, fix the core disk 1 to the end of the motor output shaft, and ensure that the drive wheel 61 is coaxially fixed with the core disk 1. At the same time, connect the parameter acquisition element to the motor power supply line.

[0030] The second step is to select appropriate weights and quantities of counterweights 2 according to the rated power and inertia range of the motor to be tested, install them in the guide groove 31, and initially adjust them to a position close to the rotation center, and then lock the locking parts 32.

[0031] The third step is to start the motor and run it to a stable speed under no-load (no friction load) conditions, and record the operating parameters at this time (such as steady-state current and power) as reference values.

[0032] Fourth, move the counterweight 2 radially outward to multiple preset positions in sequence, for example, setting a stop every 10mm. After locking each position, wait for the motor to run stably and record the operating parameters under this condition. If it is desired to introduce a friction load at the same time, the loading adjustment component 55 can be manually adjusted to make the friction plate 53 slightly contact the core disk 1, or the linkage component 6 can be used to make the friction load automatically loaded with the rotation speed.

[0033] The fifth step is to compare the recorded operating parameters with pre-stored preset thresholds. These preset thresholds may include the upper limit of current, the upper limit of power, and the upper limit of the rate of change of current between adjacent speeds for each moment of inertia level. If the operating parameters exceed the corresponding thresholds under a certain operating condition, or if the rate of change shows a significant jump, it is determined that the motor has insufficient drive performance or an internal abnormal fault.

[0034] Step 6: After the test is completed, stop the motor, loosen the locking piece 32, remove the counterweight 2 and the core disk 1, and restore the motor to its original state. The entire test process does not require disassembling the internal structure of the motor and will not cause any additional damage to the motor windings or bearings.

[0035] It should be noted that the specific values ​​in the above steps, such as the moving distance and the stable operation waiting time, are only examples and can be flexibly adjusted according to the motor model and site conditions in actual operation. The elastic damping layer 42 of the vibration damping base 4 can be replaced before testing according to the on-site vibration frequency to obtain the best vibration isolation effect. In addition, if the friction plate 53 is severely worn after long-term use, it can be replaced individually without replacing the entire movable pressure block 52.

[0036] Through the above specific embodiments, the device of the present invention can perform multi-condition drive performance testing on motors without relying on an external dynamometer or load platform, utilizing a combination of adjustable moment of inertia and adjustable frictional load, effectively identifying drive faults such as insufficient torque and speed instability. Simultaneously, because the vibration-damping base isolates external vibration interference, and the parameter acquisition is based on comparison of multiple sets of data from the same motor, the test results have good reliability and repeatability, making it suitable for widespread application in scenarios such as repair workshops, production line testing, or on-site inspections.

[0037] In one embodiment, the movable pressure block 52 is further provided with a lubrication assembly 7, which is used to lubricate the friction plate 53; the lubrication assembly 7 includes: The oil storage chamber 71 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the movable pressure block 52 away from the core disk 1. It is a sealed cavity filled with lubricating oil. The outer wall of the oil storage chamber 71 is provided with heat dissipation fins 72 to enhance convective heat exchange with the ambient air, so that the cavity is always kept at a relatively low temperature, forming the cold end of the lubrication circuit.

[0038] The capillary oil-absorbing core 73 is made of oleophilic porous material, such as sintered porous metal, glass fiber bundle, or porous ceramic material. One end of it passes through the cavity wall of the oil storage chamber 71 through a sealing structure and extends into the oil storage chamber 71 below the lubricating oil surface. The other end is arranged along the inside of the movable pressure block 52 and extends to the side of the movable pressure block 52 facing the core disk 1, and is tightly attached and fixed to the back of the friction plate 53. The heat insulation sleeve 74 covers the middle section of the outer wall of the capillary oil suction core 73. It is used to block the heat conduction between the capillary oil suction core 73 and the movable pressure block 52 body, reduce the heat on the friction side from dissipating rapidly along the middle section of the oil suction core, thereby maintaining a stable temperature difference between the two ends of the oil suction core, namely the oil storage cavity 71 end and the friction plate 53 end, and ensuring the continuous existence of the surface tension gradient. The capillary oil-absorbing core 73, with one end in contact with the back of the friction plate 53, is configured with a radial branching structure. The branches are evenly distributed along the circumference and radial direction of the friction plate 53, used to uniformly deliver lubricating oil to the entire back surface of the friction plate 53. The friction plate 53 is made of powder metallurgy friction material with interconnected pores, or has micro-guiding grooves machined on its back surface, allowing lubricating oil to penetrate from the back surface to the friction working surface.

[0039] The top of the oil storage chamber 71 is equipped with a breather check valve 75, and the valve port is connected to the outside atmosphere. When the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 71 is heated and expands in volume, the gas in the chamber can be discharged through the breather check valve 75. When the oil temperature drops or the lubricating oil is continuously consumed, resulting in negative pressure in the chamber, external air can be introduced through the check valve to maintain the internal air pressure balance of the oil storage chamber 71 and reduce the negative pressure from hindering the capillary oil delivery process.

[0040] The working principle of this lubrication structure is based on the capillary transport effect driven by the surface tension gradient: When the friction loading assembly 5 is working, the friction between the friction plate 53 and the outer circumferential surface of the core disk 1 generates heat, causing the temperature of the friction plate 53 and the capillary oil suction core 73 attached to it to rise. The temperature rise will lead to a decrease in the surface tension and viscosity of the lubricating oil; while the oil storage cavity 71 side is kept at a low temperature due to the continuous heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins, and the surface tension of the lubricating oil in the capillary oil suction core 73 at this end is higher. Because the middle section of the capillary oil suction core 73 is isolated by the heat insulation sleeve 74, a stable temperature gradient is formed at both ends of the oil suction core, which corresponds to the surface tension gradient along the axial direction of the oil suction core. The oil with high surface tension at the cold end will continue to flow to the area with low surface tension at the hot end. Combined with the capillary adsorption effect of the porous medium itself, it jointly promotes the directional transport of lubricating oil from the low temperature oil storage cavity 71 to the high temperature friction plate 53 side.

[0041] After the lubricating oil reaches the back of the friction plate 53, it permeates evenly to the entire friction working surface through the internal pores or micro-guide grooves of the friction plate 53, forming a stable lubricating film. This transport process has self-adaptive characteristics: the greater the frictional load, the higher the rotational speed of the core disk 1, the greater the frictional heat generation, the greater the temperature difference between the two ends of the oil suction core, the faster the lubricating oil transport rate, and the thicker the lubricating film increases accordingly; when the motor stops and the friction disappears, the temperature of the friction surface gradually drops back to the same level as the oil storage chamber 71, the temperature difference and surface tension gradient at both ends disappear, the oil transport process automatically terminates, and there is no excess lubricating oil leakage.

[0042] Compared to conventional friction lubrication solutions, the temperature difference siphon lubrication structure of this embodiment offers several advantages. First, it is passive and has no moving parts, resulting in high operational reliability and low maintenance costs. The entire lubrication circuit has no mechanically moving components, eliminating the risk of wear, jamming, or fatigue failure. Its structural stability surpasses that of lubrication solutions with moving parts, such as active oil supply and centrifugal oil slinging. Its driving force comes entirely from the waste heat generated by the friction pair itself, requiring no external power supply, pump, or other additional power devices, and it does not alter the structure or load characteristics of the original friction loading components. Once the oil reservoir 71 is filled, it can continuously supply oil for a long service life, eliminating the need for regular manual oiling maintenance, making it suitable for high-frequency, long-term testing conditions in industrial settings. Second, this structure enables adaptive matching of lubrication intensity, directly improving the detection accuracy of motor drive faults. Since the oil delivery rate changes synchronously with the frictional heat generation, the greater the frictional load and the higher the rotational speed of the core disk 1, the faster the lubricating oil delivery rate. This can reduce the problems of over-lubrication under light load and insufficient lubrication under heavy load, ensuring that the friction coefficient between the friction plate 53 and the core disk 1 remains stable throughout the entire working condition range, and eliminating the interference of frictional torque fluctuations on the load loading accuracy. As a result, the operating parameters obtained by the parameter acquisition element can more realistically reflect the driving performance of the motor itself, effectively improving the repeatability and accuracy of fault detection results.

[0043] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A motor drive fault detection system, characterized in that, include: The core disc is used to fix and connect to the end of the motor's output shaft; The counterweight is detachably mounted on the end face of the core disk, and the number of counterweights is at least one. A radial adjustment structure is provided between the core disk and the counterweight to adjust the radial installation distance of the counterweight relative to the rotation center of the core disk. The parameter acquisition element is installed on the power supply line of the motor to collect the operating parameters of the motor when the counterweight is located at different radial positions; the parameter acquisition element includes a current sensor and a power sensor; The operating parameters are compared with preset thresholds to determine whether the motor has a drive fault.

2. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial adjustment structure includes a guide groove and a locking element; The end face of the core disk is provided with a guide groove for the counterweight to slide radially. The counterweight is fixed at any radial position in the guide groove by a locking device to change the overall rotational inertia of the core disk and counterweight assembly.

3. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device also includes: The vibration damping base is located at the bottom of the motor and is used to support the motor and isolate the external environmental vibrations from being transmitted to the motor. The vibration damping base includes a base plate, an elastic damping layer, and a mounting plate, with the elastic damping layer sandwiched between the base plate and the mounting plate; The motor is fixed to the mounting plate, and the elastic damping layer is used to absorb environmental vibrations transmitted to the motor from the ground or workbench.

4. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a friction loading assembly disposed on the outer periphery of the core disk for applying an adjustable frictional load to the core disk.

5. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Friction loading components include: Mounting bracket, fixedly mounted on the mounting plate; The movable pressure block is movably mounted on the mounting bracket, and a friction plate is fixed on the side of the movable pressure block facing the core disk; The loading adjustment component is located between the mounting bracket and the movable pressure block. It is used to drive the movable pressure block closer to or further away from the core disk to adjust the clamping force between the friction plate and the outer circumferential surface of the core disk.

6. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The friction loading assembly also includes a linkage assembly, which is disposed between the core disk and the loading adjustment member, and is used to transmit the rotational motion of the core disk to the loading adjustment member to drive the loading adjustment member to move.

7. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The linkage components include a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and transmission components; The drive wheel is fixedly connected to the core disk on the same axis; The driven wheel is mounted on the loading adjustment component; The transmission component is connected between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and is used to transmit the rotational motion of the driving wheel to the driven wheel; The loading adjustment component moves with the driven wheel as it rotates, and pushes the movable pressure block closer to the core disk, so that the clamping force between the friction plate and the core disk increases with the increase of the core disk's rotation speed.

8. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The loading adjustment component is a threaded rod with external threads on its outer circumference. The movable block has a threaded hole that mates with the threaded rod. The top of the movable block is set as an inclined surface that contacts the movable pressure block. A movable rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable block. A sliding groove is opened on the mounting plate, and the movable rod is slidably installed in the sliding groove. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the driven wheel and extends to the support frame provided on the mounting plate. The threaded rod is rotatably connected to the support frame. When the driven wheel drives the threaded rod to rotate, the threaded rod drives the movable block to move linearly along the axial direction of the threaded rod through the threaded engagement, thereby lifting the movable pressure block.

9. The motor drive fault detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable pressure block is also equipped with a lubrication assembly for lubricating the friction plates; the lubrication assembly includes: The oil storage chamber is fixed on the side of the movable pressure block away from the core plate, filled with lubricating oil, and has heat dissipation fins on the outer wall; The capillary oil-absorbing core is made of oleophilic porous material. One end is immersed in the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber, and the other end is attached and fixed to the back of the friction plate. The heat insulation sleeve covers the middle section of the capillary oil suction core to maintain the temperature difference between the oil storage chamber and the friction plate, and to transport oil to the friction plate through capillary action; The capillary oil-absorbing core has a radial branch structure at one end that is attached to the friction plate, and is evenly distributed along the friction plate; a one-way breathing valve is provided at the top of the oil storage chamber to balance the air pressure inside the chamber.

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