Binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging heads-up display system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of optoelectronic displays, specifically to a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system, comprising an image source and an image synthesizer. The image source generates and outputs preliminary continuous parallax depth image information matching two or more physical depth planes. The image synthesizer projects the preliminary continuous parallax depth image information onto two or more physical depth planes, forming two observation areas matching the observer's eyes, so that the observer can see image information with continuous parallax depth through the observation areas. This achieves binocular stereoscopic HUD display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optoelectronic displays, specifically to a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system. Background Technology

[0002] Head-up display (HUD) systems utilize photoelectric image sources and transparent image synthesizers to project driver assistance information into the driver's field of vision, thereby improving driving safety. However, existing HUDs still have limitations such as single display depth and small eye boxes, and cannot accurately display 3D information that matches complex road conditions, which can easily cause driver visual fatigue. Therefore, the development of color multi-depth HUD technology that can meet the needs of human stereoscopic observation has become a research hotspot in the field. The current multi-depth HUD technology solutions mainly include the following: (1) HUD technology based on geometric optical elements. This technology uses a multi-optical-path channel structure composed of freeform surface optical elements to achieve multi-depth HUD display. Its optical system is large in size, complex, difficult to process, and difficult to achieve binocular parallax display. (2) HUD technology based on diffractive optical elements. This technology uses holographic optical elements to diffract images of different areas to different depths. Its structure is compact and easy to process, but it has shortcomings such as inability to display continuous depth information, severe chromatic aberration, small eye boxes, and difficulty in achieving binocular parallax display. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system capable of outputting continuous parallax depth information.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system, comprising an image source and an image synthesizer; the image source is used to generate and output preliminary continuous parallax depth image information matching two or more physical depth planes; the image synthesizer is used to project the preliminary continuous parallax depth image information onto two or more physical depth planes and form two observation areas matching the observer's eyes, so that the observer can see image information with continuous parallax depth through the observation areas.

[0005] In some implementations, the graphic information with continuous parallax depth includes graphic information with two or more parallax depths, the parallax depth graphic information is matched with its nearest neighbor physical depth plane, and is displayed through its nearest neighbor physical depth plane.

[0006] In some implementations, the image source includes an image processing unit and a projection unit. The image processing unit is used to map the information to be displayed to different depths and encode the information to be displayed at different depths into parallax depth information that matches the nearest neighbor physical depth plane according to the positions of two or more pre-set physical depth planes. The projection unit is used to project the parallax depth information onto the image synthesizer.

[0007] In some embodiments, the image synthesizer includes a holographic element group, which includes a left-view information processing unit and a right-view information processing unit. The left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit each include at least two holographic processing sub-units with different optical powers in the vertical parallax direction (i.e., the horizontal parallax direction perpendicular to human eyes). The holographic processing sub-units with different optical powers are used to project the information to be displayed in different areas to different depths.

[0008] In some embodiments, the holographic processing subunit includes at least two holographic sub-elements, and the at least two holographic sub-elements have complementary aberrations; the complementary aberrations include one or more of monochromatic aberration complementarity, speckle error complementarity, and dispersion error complementarity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the holographic processing subunit includes at least three holographic sub-elements, wherein at least one holographic sub-element includes an independently configured scattering screen, which is used to receive preliminary continuous parallax depth image information output by the image source and transmit the preliminary parallax depth information to the remaining holographic sub-elements.

[0010] In some implementations, the image depth formed by the left-view image through the left-view information processing unit is equal to the image depth formed by the right-view image through the right-view information processing unit.

[0011] In some implementations, at the same vertical height, the optical path length of the imaging optical path of the holographic processing subunit corresponding to the left viewpoint is equal to that of the holographic processing subunit corresponding to the right viewpoint.

[0012] In some embodiments, the independently configured scattering screens of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit are not on the same plane. In the optical path transmission direction, the holographic sub-elements of the left-view information processing unit adjacent to the independently configured scattering screens are on the same plane as the holographic sub-elements of the right-view information processing unit; or,

[0013] The independently set scattering screens of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit are on the same plane. The holographic elements of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit, which are adjacent to the independently set scattering screens, are located sequentially in the optical path transmission direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the left-view information processing unit is spatially partitioned, and the right-view information processing unit is spatially partitioned, wherein the partitions are spatially adjacent, partially overlap, or completely overlap in space. In the embodiments of this application, the case of complete spatial overlap includes partitions located on different layers, where the thickness of the carrier is thin and negligible, and the partitions are considered to be completely overlapped.

[0015] In some embodiments, the right-view information processing unit is spatially partitioned, wherein the partitions are spatially adjacent, partially overlap, or completely overlap. In the embodiments of this application, the case of complete spatial overlap includes partitions located on different layers where the thickness of the carrier is thin and negligible, and the partitions are considered to be completely overlapped.

[0016] In some implementations, holographic processing subunits of different optical powers are spatially partitioned, wherein the partitions are spatially adjacent, spatially partially overlapping, or spatially completely overlapping.

[0017] In some implementations, information processing units that overlap in space can be on the same layer or on different layers.

[0018] In some embodiments, the holographic sub-element includes a holographic mirror and / or a hologram having a specific wavefront; the holographic mirror includes one, two, or three of the following: a holographic scattering screen, a holographic reflecting mirror, and a holographic lens; the hologram having a specific wavefront includes an aspherical wavefront hologram and a freeform wavefront hologram; and / or,

[0019] The projection unit includes one or more of the following: a lens imaging projector illuminated by incoherent or coherent light, a laser beam scanning projector, and a holographic projector.

[0020] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0021] 1. This invention solves the problem that HUD technology based on diffractive optical elements is difficult to achieve binocular parallax display, and realizes binocular stereoscopic observation HUD display.

[0022] 2. This invention solves the problem of single depth in HUD technology based on diffractive optical elements and realizes multi-depth HUD display.

[0023] 3. This invention solves the problem of small eye box size in HUD technology based on diffractive optical elements, and realizes HUD display of binocular eye box without increasing system size.

[0024] 4. This invention realizes a binocular multi-depth stereo imaging HUD system, which realizes HUD display with continuous parallax depth information and solves the visual fatigue problem of traditional HUD technology. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of a holographic processing subunit consisting of two holographic mirrors in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a top view of the parallax depth relationship of a binocular multi-depth head-up display system in one embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a two-dimensional projection schematic diagram of a holographic element facing the observer's viewpoint according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] See Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to this embodiment. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system in this embodiment includes an image source and an image synthesizer. The image source includes an image processing unit 1 and a projection unit 2. The image synthesizer includes a holographic element group; in this embodiment, the holographic element group includes holographic element 3, holographic element 4, and holographic element 5. The image processing unit 1 is a desktop computer, and the projection unit 2 is a lens imaging projector. The holographic element group includes a left-view information processing unit and a right-view information processing unit. Both the left-view and right-view information processing units include three holographic processing subunits with different optical powers in the vertical parallax direction. The holographic processing subunits with different optical powers project information to be displayed from different areas onto three different depths. The left-view information processing unit forms a left observation area 6-1, and the right-view information processing unit forms a right observation area 6-2.

[0036] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, the number of holographic processing sub-units is three. In other embodiments, the number of holographic processing sub-units may be two, four, five or more.

[0037] It should be noted that the holographic processing subunit includes at least holographic sub-elements. In other embodiments, the holographic processing subunit may also include non-holographic elements.

[0038] The right-view information processing unit includes three holographic processing subunits: holographic processing subunit I, holographic processing subunit II, and holographic processing subunit III, located vertically (perpendicular to the horizontal direction aligned with the human eyes). Holographic processing subunit I includes holographic sub-elements 3-1, 4-1-1, and 5-2-1. Holographic processing subunit II includes holographic sub-elements 3-1, 4-1-2, and 5-2-2. Holographic processing subunit III includes holographic sub-elements 3-1, 4-1-3, and 5-2-3. Holographic sub-elements 3-1 are independently configured holographic scattering screens. Holographic elements 4-1-1 and 5-2-1 are holographic mirrors. Their dispersion directions are opposite, but their dispersion magnitudes are the same, thus achieving mutual compensation of dispersion errors. The wavefront distortions caused by monochromatic aberrations of holographic elements 4-1-1 and 5-2-1 are conjugate, thus achieving mutual compensation of monochromatic aberrations as well. Holographic elements 4-1-2 and 5-2-2 are holographic lenses. Their dispersion directions are opposite, and their dispersion magnitudes are... The holographic elements 4-1-2 and 5-2-2 are of the same size, thus achieving mutual cancellation of dispersion errors. The wavefront distortion caused by the monochromatic aberrations of the holographic elements 4-1-2 and 5-2-3 are conjugate, thus achieving mutual compensation of monochromatic aberrations. The holographic elements 4-1-3 and 5-2-3 are holographic lenses. The dispersion directions of the holographic elements 4-1-3 and 5-2-3 are opposite, and the dispersion magnitudes are the same, thus achieving mutual cancellation of dispersion errors. The wavefront distortion caused by the monochromatic aberrations of the holographic elements 4-1-3 and 5-2-3 are conjugate, thus achieving mutual compensation of monochromatic aberrations.

[0039] The left-view information processing unit includes three holographic processing subunits in the vertical direction: holographic processing subunit IV, holographic processing subunit V, and holographic processing subunit VI. Holographic processing subunit IV includes holographic sub-elements 3-2, 4-2-1, and 5-1-1. Holographic processing subunit V includes holographic sub-elements 3-2, 4-2-2, and 5-1-2. Holographic processing subunit VI includes holographic sub-elements 3-2, 4-2-3, and 5-1-3. Holographic sub-elements 3-2 are independently configured holographic scattering screens. The holographic elements 4-2-1 and 5-1-1 are holographic mirrors, and their dispersion errors and monochromatic aberrations compensate for each other. The holographic elements 4-2-2 and 5-1-2 are holographic lenses, and their dispersion errors cancel each other out, and their monochromatic aberrations compensate for each other. The holographic elements 4-2-3 and 5-1-3 are holographic lenses, and their dispersion errors cancel each other out, and their monochromatic aberrations compensate for each other.

[0040] Image information from the lower part of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 is sequentially projected onto physical depth plane 7-3 via holographic sub-element (holographic reflector) 4-1-1 and 5-2-1, forming a right parallax image on physical depth plane 7-3. Image information from the lower part of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 is sequentially projected onto physical depth plane 7-3 via the same holographic sub-element (holographic reflector) 4-2-1 and 5-1-1, forming a left parallax image on physical depth plane 7-3. The left and right parallax images displayed on physical depth plane 7-3 are combined to form stereoscopic image information on parallax depth plane 8-3. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of parallax depth plane 8-3 can be continuously modulated near physical depth plane 7-3.

[0041] Image information from the center of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 is sequentially projected onto physical depth plane 7-2 via holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 4-1-2 and 5-2-2, forming a right parallax image on physical depth plane 7-2. Image information from the center of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 is sequentially projected onto physical depth plane 7-2 via holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 4-2-2 and 5-1-2, forming a left parallax image on physical depth plane 7-2. The left and right parallax images displayed on physical depth plane 7-2 are combined to form stereoscopic image information on parallax depth plane 8-2. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of parallax depth plane 8-2 can be continuously modulated near physical depth plane 7-2.

[0042] Image information from the upper part of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 is sequentially projected onto physical depth plane 7-1 via holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 4-1-3 and 5-2-3, forming a right parallax image on physical depth plane 7-1. Image information from the upper part of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 is sequentially projected onto physical depth plane 7-1 via holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 4-2-3 and 5-1-3, forming a left parallax image on physical depth plane 7-1. The left and right parallax images displayed on physical depth plane 7-1 are synthesized into stereoscopic image information on parallax depth plane 8-1. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of parallax depth plane 8-1 can be continuously modulated near physical depth plane 7-1. The above-described binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system outputs different parallax images from an image source and obtains a continuous depth HUD stereoscopic display image in front of the driver's field of vision through an image synthesizer.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] See Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to this embodiment. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system in this embodiment includes an image source and an image synthesizer. The image source includes an image processing unit 1 and a projection unit 2. The image synthesizer includes a holographic element group; in this embodiment, the holographic element group includes holographic element 3, holographic element 4, and holographic element 5.

[0045] In this embodiment, the image processing unit 1 is an image processor based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and the projection unit 2 is a laser beam scanning projector. The holographic element group includes a left-view information processing unit and a right-view information processing unit. The left and right-view information processing units include two holographic processing subunits with different optical powers and one holographic processing subunit without optical powers in the vertical parallax direction. The holographic processing subunits project information to be displayed in different areas onto three different depths. The left-view information processing unit forms the left observation area 6-1, and the right-view information processing unit forms the right observation area 6-2.

[0046] The right-view information processing unit includes three holographic processing subunits in the vertical direction: holographic processing subunit I, holographic processing subunit II, and holographic processing subunit III. Holographic processing subunit I includes holographic sub-element 3-1, a reflective element 4-1-1, and a holographic sub-element 5-1-1. Holographic processing subunit II includes holographic sub-element 3-1, holographic sub-element 4-1-2, and holographic sub-element 5-2-2. Holographic processing subunit III includes holographic sub-element 3-1, holographic sub-element 4-1-3, and holographic sub-element 5-2-3. Holographic sub-element 3-1 is an independently configured holographic scattering screen. The reflecting element 4-1-1 is a plane mirror, and the holographic element 5-1-1 is a holographic scattering screen. The speckle errors of holographic elements 3-1 and 5-1-1 compensate for each other. Holographic elements 4-1-2 and 5-2-2 are holographic mirrors, and their chromatic aberration errors cancel each other out, while their monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other. Holographic elements 4-1-3 and 5-2-3 are holographic lenses, and their chromatic aberration errors cancel each other out, while their monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other. In this embodiment, the methods for canceling chromatic aberrations and compensating for monochromatic aberrations are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] In the embodiments of this application, the holographic processing subunit includes at least holographic sub-elements and non-holographic elements.

[0048] The left-view information processing unit includes three holographic processing subunits IV, V, and VI in the vertical direction. Holographic processing subunit IV includes holographic element 3-2, a reflective element 4-1-1, and a holographic element 5-1-1. Holographic processing subunit V includes holographic element 3-2, 4-2-2, and 5-1-2. Holographic processing subunit VI includes holographic element 3-2, 4-2-3, and 5-1-3. Holographic element 3-2 is an independently configured holographic scattering screen. The reflecting element 4-1-1 is a plane mirror; the holographic element 5-1-1 is a holographic scattering screen, and the speckle errors of the holographic elements 3-2 and 5-1-1 compensate for each other; the holographic elements 4-2-2 and 5-1-2 are holographic mirrors, and the dispersion errors of the holographic elements 4-2-2 and 5-1-2 cancel each other out, and the monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other; the holographic elements 4-2-3 and 5-1-3 are holographic lenses, and the dispersion errors of the holographic elements 4-2-3 and 5-1-3 cancel each other out, and the monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other.

[0049] Image information from the lower part of the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 is projected onto the physical depth plane 7-3 through the reflective element (plane mirror) 4-1-1 and the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 5-1-1, forming a right parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-3. The physical depth plane 7-3 coincides with the plane containing the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 5-1-1. The holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 5-1-1 directionally scatters the reflected light from the right parallax image into the right observation area 6-2. Image information from the lower part of the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 is projected onto the physical depth plane 7-3 through the plane mirror 4-1-1 and the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 5-1-1, forming a left parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-3. The physical depth plane 7-3 coincides with the plane containing the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 5-1-1. The holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 5-1-1 directionally scatters the reflected light from the left parallax image into the left observation area 6-1. The left and right parallax images displayed on the physical depth plane 7-3 are synthesized into stereoscopic image information on the parallax depth plane 8-3. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of the parallax depth plane 8-3 can be continuously modulated near the physical depth plane 7-3.

[0050] Image information from the center of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 is projected onto physical depth plane 7-2 via holographic sub-element (holographic reflector) 4-1-2 and holographic sub-element (holographic reflector) 5-2-2, forming a right parallax image on physical depth plane 7-2. Image information from the center of holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 is projected onto physical depth plane 7-2 via holographic reflectors 4-2-2 and 5-1-2, forming a left parallax image on physical depth plane 7-2. The left and right parallax images displayed on physical depth plane 7-2 are combined to form stereoscopic image information on parallax depth plane 8-2. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of parallax depth plane 8-2 can be continuously modulated near physical depth plane 7-2.

[0051] The image on the upper part of the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 is projected onto the physical depth plane 7-1 via the holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 4-1-3 and holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 5-2-3, forming a right parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-1. The image on the upper part of the holographic sub-element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 is projected onto the physical depth plane 7-1 via the holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 4-2-3 and holographic sub-element (holographic lens) 5-1-3, forming a left parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-1. The left and right parallax images displayed on the physical depth plane 7-1 are combined to form stereoscopic image information on the parallax depth plane 8-1. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of the parallax depth plane 8-1 can be continuously modulated near the physical depth plane 7-1. The aforementioned binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system outputs different parallax images from an image source and obtains continuous depth HUD display images in front of the driver's field of vision through an image synthesizer.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,in Figure 3 This is a top view of a holographic processing subunit consisting of two holographic mirrors.

[0054] For two holographic processing subunits at the same vertical height, corresponding to the left and right viewing angles respectively, such as holographic processing subunits II and V in Example 1; holographic processing subunits III and VI in Example 1; and holographic processing subunits III and VI in Example 2, they are composed of two holographic lenses. In order to form binocular parallax, the images from the right and left viewing angles form images with equal depths through their respective holographic processing subunits.

[0055] Taking holographic processing subunits III and VI in Example 2 as examples, the depth of the images formed by the two holographic processing subunits is... and The expression is as follows:

[0056] (1)

[0057] (2)

[0058] in The focal length of the holographic element (right-view holographic lens) is 4-1-3. The focal length of the holographic element (right-view holographic lens) is 5-2-3. The focal length of the holographic element (left-view holographic lens) is 4-2-3. Let d be the focal length of the holographic element (left-view holographic lens) 5-1-3, and d be the distance between holographic elements 4 and 5. For example... Figure 2 , The diffraction angle of the holographic element (right-view holographic lens) 4-1-3 is also the incident angle of the holographic element (right-view holographic lens) 5-2-3. The diffraction angle of the holographic element (left-view holographic lens) 4-2-3 is also the incident angle of the holographic element (left-view holographic lens) 5-1-3. The distance from holographic element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 to holographic element (holographic lens) 4-1-3 is given. Let be the distance from holographic element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 to holographic element (holographic lens) 4-2-3. To ensure that the images corresponding to the left and right viewpoints have the same imaging depth, the following must be satisfied: .

[0059] For two holographic processing subunits at the same vertical height, corresponding to the left and right viewing angles respectively, such as holographic processing subunits I and IV in Example 1; and holographic processing subunits II and V in Example 2, they are composed of two holographic mirrors. To ensure that the imaging depth of the images corresponding to the left and right viewing angles is consistent, it is necessary to ensure that the optical path traveled by the images of the right and left viewing angles through their respective holographic processing subunits is equal. Figure 3As shown, since the diffraction angles of the optical paths of the two holographic processing units corresponding to the left and right viewing angles are different, in order to ensure equal optical path lengths, the holographic sub-elements (holographic scattering screens) 3-1 and 3-2 can be staggered in the Z direction, and the optical path length of the light rays passing through the holographic sub-elements (holographic scattering screens) 3-1, 4-1-2, and 5-2-2 in sequence is equal to the optical path length of the light rays passing through the holographic sub-elements (holographic scattering screens) 3-1, 4-2-2, and 5-1-2 in sequence. That is, the above optical path lengths satisfy the following condition:

[0060] AD + DE = BC + CE (3)

[0061] That is, at the same vertical height, the optical path length of the imaging optical path of the holographic processing subunit corresponding to the left viewpoint is equal to that of the holographic processing subunit corresponding to the right viewpoint.

[0062] For the case where holographic element 4 and holographic element 5 include both a holographic mirror and a holographic lens in the vertical direction, the system parameters must simultaneously satisfy formulas (1), (2), and (3).

[0063] Example 4

[0064] See also Figure 4 The diagram shows a top view of the parallax depth relationship of a binocular multi-depth head-up display system. The system forms three physical depth planes in the depth direction: a near depth plane 7-3, a middle depth plane 7-2, and a distant depth plane 7-1. Taking the distant depth plane 7-1 as an example, its distance from the plane containing the observation area is Z. I It displays the depth Z. p The left and right disparity maps at point P and S represent the disparity values. The distance between the centers of the left and right observation areas is S. Then the disparity depth Z... p The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0065] (4)

[0066] Similarly, the distance between the intermediate depth plane 7-2 and the observation plane, the parallax value on the intermediate depth plane, and the depth value of the parallax depth plane 8-2 satisfy equation (4).

[0067] Similarly, the distance between the near depth plane 7-3 and the observation plane, the parallax value on the near depth plane, and the depth value of the parallax depth plane 8-3 satisfy equation (4).

[0068] Example 5

[0069] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 ,like Figure 5 The image shown is a top view of a binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to this embodiment. Figure 6 It is a two-dimensional projection image of holographic element 4 and holographic element 5 facing the observer's perspective.

[0070] The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system in this embodiment includes an image source and an image synthesizer. The image source includes an image processing unit 1 and a projection unit 2. The image synthesizer includes a holographic element group, which includes holographic elements 3, 4, and 5. The image processing unit 1 is an image processor based on an in-vehicle computer, and the projection unit 2 is a holographic projector. The holographic element group includes a left-view information processing unit and a right-view information processing unit. The left and right-view information processing units include three holographic processing subunits with different optical powers in the vertical parallax direction. The holographic processing subunits project the information to be displayed in different areas to three different depths. The left-view information processing unit forms a left observation area 6-1, and the right-view information processing unit forms a right observation area 6-2.

[0071] The right-view information processing unit includes three holographic processing subunits in the vertical direction: holographic processing subunit I, holographic processing subunit II, and holographic processing subunit III. Holographic processing subunit I includes holographic sub-elements 3-1, 4-1-1, and 5-2-1. Holographic processing subunit II includes holographic sub-elements 3-1, 4-1-2, and 5-2-2. Holographic processing subunit III includes holographic sub-elements 3-1, 4-1-3, and 5-2-3. Holographic sub-elements 3-1 are independently configured holographic scattering screens. Holographic elements 4-1-1 and 5-2-1 are holographic lenses, and their dispersion errors and monochromatic aberrations compensate for each other. Holographic elements 4-1-2 and 5-2-2 are aspherical holographic lenses, and their dispersion errors cancel each other out, while their monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other. Holographic elements 4-1-3 and 5-2-3 are freeform holograms, and their dispersion errors cancel each other out, while their monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other.

[0072] The left-view information processing unit includes three holographic processing subunits in the vertical direction: holographic processing subunit IV, holographic processing subunit V, and holographic processing subunit VI. Holographic processing subunit IV includes holographic sub-elements 3-2, 4-2-1, and 5-1-1. Holographic processing subunit V includes holographic sub-elements 3-2, 4-2-2, and 5-1-2. Holographic processing subunit VI includes holographic sub-elements 3-2, 4-2-3, and 5-1-3. Holographic sub-elements 3-2 are independently configured holographic scattering screens. Holographic elements 4-2-1 and 5-1-1 are holographic lenses, and their dispersion errors and monochromatic aberrations compensate for each other. Holographic elements 4-2-2 and 5-1-2 are aspherical holographic lenses, and their dispersion errors cancel each other out, while their monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other. Holographic elements 4-2-3 and 5-1-3 are freeform holograms, and their dispersion errors cancel each other out, while their monochromatic aberrations also compensate for each other. In this embodiment, the methods for canceling dispersion errors and compensating for monochromatic aberrations are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] like Figure 6 The right-view information processing unit and the left-view information processing unit are located on two overlapping layers of different materials. Holographic sub-elements 4-1-2 and 4-1-3, located on the same material layer, have partially overlapping functional areas due to spatial multiplexing; the overlapping area is 4-1-23. Similarly, holographic sub-elements 4-2-2 and 4-2-3, located on the same material layer, have partially overlapping functional areas due to spatial multiplexing; the overlapping area is 4-2-23. Holographic sub-elements 5-1-2 and 5-1-3, located on the same material layer, have partially overlapping functional areas due to spatial multiplexing; the overlapping area is 5-1-23. Finally, holographic sub-elements 5-2-2 and 5-2-3, located on the same material layer, have partially overlapping functional areas due to spatial multiplexing; the overlapping area is 5-2-23.

[0074] The holographic sub-elements (holographic lenses) 4-1-1 and 5-2-1 project the image information from the lower part of the holographic scattering screen 3-1 onto the physical depth plane 7-3, forming a right parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-3. The holographic sub-elements (holographic lenses) 4-2-1 and 5-1-1 project the image information from the lower part of the holographic sub-elements (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 onto the physical depth plane 7-3, forming a left parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-3. The left and right parallax images displayed on the physical depth plane 7-3 are combined to form stereoscopic image information on the parallax depth plane 8-3. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of the parallax depth plane 8-3 can be continuously modulated near the physical depth plane 7-3.

[0075] The holographic sub-elements (aspherical holographic lenses) 4-1-2 and 5-2-2 project the image information from the center of the holographic sub-elements (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 onto the physical depth plane 7-2, forming a right parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-2. A holographic processing sub-unit V, composed of the holographic sub-elements (holographic lenses) 4-2-2 and 5-1-2, projects the image information from the center of the holographic sub-elements (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 onto the physical depth plane 7-2, forming a left parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-2. The left and right parallax images displayed on the physical depth plane 7-2 are then combined to form a stereoscopic image on the parallax depth plane 8-2. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of the parallax depth plane 8-2 can be continuously modulated near the physical depth plane 7-2.

[0076] The holographic elements (freeform holograms) 4-1-3 and 5-2-3 project the image above the holographic element (holographic scattering screen) 3-1 onto the physical depth plane 7-1, forming a right parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-1. The holographic elements (holographic lenses) 4-2-3 and 5-1-3 project the image above the holographic element (holographic scattering screen) 3-2 onto the physical depth plane 7-1, forming a left parallax image on the physical depth plane 7-1. The left and right parallax images displayed on the physical depth plane 7-1 are combined to form stereoscopic image information on the parallax depth plane 8-1. By encoding the parallax values ​​of the left and right parallax images, the depth position of the parallax depth plane 8-1 can be continuously modulated near the physical depth plane 7-1.

[0077] The above are merely embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system, characterized in that, Includes image sources and image synthesizers; The image source is used to generate and output preliminary continuous parallax depth image information that matches two or more physical depth planes; The image synthesizer is used to project the preliminary continuous parallax depth image information onto two or more physical depth planes and form two observation areas that match the observer's eyes, so that the observer can see image information with continuous parallax depth through the observation areas.

2. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image information with continuous parallax depth includes image information with two or more parallax depths. The image information with parallax depth is matched with its nearest neighbor physical depth plane and displayed through its nearest neighbor physical depth plane.

3. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image source includes an image processing unit and a projection unit. The image processing unit is used to map the information to be displayed to different depths and encode the information to be displayed at different depths into parallax depth information that matches the nearest neighbor physical depth plane according to the positions of two or more pre-set physical depth planes. The projection unit is used to project the parallax depth information onto the image synthesizer.

4. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image synthesizer includes a holographic element group, which includes a left-viewpoint information processing unit and a right-viewpoint information processing unit. The left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit each include at least two holographic processing subunits with different optical powers in the vertical parallax direction; the holographic processing subunits with different optical powers are used to project the information to be displayed in different areas to different depths.

5. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The holographic processing subunit includes at least two holographic sub-elements, and the aberrations of the at least two holographic sub-elements are complementary; the aberration complementarity includes one or more of monochromatic aberration complementarity, speckle error complementarity, and dispersion error complementarity.

6. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The holographic processing subunit includes at least three holographic sub-elements, wherein at least one holographic sub-element includes an independently configured scattering screen, which is used to receive the preliminary continuous parallax depth image information output by the image source and transmit the preliminary parallax depth information to the remaining holographic sub-elements.

7. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The image depth formed by the left-view image through the left-view information processing unit is equal to the image depth formed by the right-view image through the right-view information processing unit; Preferably, at the same vertical height, the optical path length of the imaging optical path of the holographic processing subunit corresponding to the left viewpoint is equal to that of the holographic processing subunit corresponding to the right viewpoint.

8. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The independently configured scattering screens of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit are not on the same plane. In the optical path transmission direction, the holographic sub-elements of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit adjacent to the independently configured scattering screens are on the same plane; or... The independently configured scattering screens of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit are on the same plane, and the holographic elements of the left-view information processing unit and the right-view information processing unit adjacent to the independently configured scattering screens are located sequentially in the optical path transmission direction.

9. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic head-up display system according to claim 4, wherein the left-view information processing unit is spatially partitioned, and the right-view information processing unit is spatially partitioned, wherein, The zones are spatially adjacent, partially overlapping, or completely overlapping; or, The right-view information processing unit is spatially partitioned, wherein the partitions are spatially adjacent, partially overlapping, or completely overlapping; or, The holographic processing subunits of different optical powers are spatially partitioned, wherein the partitions are spatially adjacent, partially overlapping, or completely overlapping in space; Preferably, information processing units that overlap in space can be on the same layer or on different layers.

10. The binocular multi-depth stereoscopic imaging head-up display system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The holographic sub-element includes a holographic mirror and / or a hologram with a specific wavefront; the holographic mirror includes one, two, or three of the following: a holographic scattering screen, a holographic reflecting mirror, and a holographic lens; the hologram with a specific wavefront includes an aspherical wavefront hologram and a freeform wavefront hologram; and / or... The projection unit includes one or more of the following: a lens imaging projector illuminated by incoherent or coherent light, a laser beam scanning projector, and a holographic projector.

Images