A blockchain-based time-sharing and partitioning electric carbon factor data processing method and system

Abstract

This invention discloses a time-sharing and zone-based method and system for processing electricity carbon factor data based on blockchain, comprising: acquiring the power generation, carbon emissions, and user electricity consumption corresponding to different power generation types within a target time period and target area; calculating the electricity carbon factor for the time-sharing zone based on carbon emissions and power generation or allocable electricity; encapsulating the power generation, carbon emissions, and electricity carbon factor of the target time period and target area into electricity carbon asset data and writing it into the blockchain; when a user consumes electricity, calculating the user's electricity carbon emissions based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor, and generating an on-chain allocation record based on the user's electricity carbon emissions; receiving a reversal request sent by the user, automatically verifying the reversal request, and updating the status of the corresponding electricity carbon asset data or allocation record after successful verification, and generating a reversal record. This invention achieves traceability of the source, verifiability of the process, controllability of the status, and traceability of the use of time-sharing and zone-based electricity carbon factor data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity carbon emission accounting technology, and more specifically, to a time-sharing and zone-based electricity carbon factor data processing method and system based on blockchain. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon emission accounting on the electricity consumption side is gradually shifting from coarse-grained, static methods to refined, dynamic, and traceable methods. Existing corporate carbon accounting, product carbon footprint accounting, and green electricity declarations typically require referencing the electricity carbon factor corresponding to electricity consumption to determine the indirect carbon emissions generated by electricity activities. The accuracy, spatiotemporal adaptability, and reliability of the electricity carbon factor directly affect the reliability of carbon accounting results.

[0003] In current practice, the carbon emission factor for electricity is mostly calculated using regional annual average grid emission factors, historical statistics, or manually compiled data. While this type of data is convenient to use, it is difficult to accurately reflect the changes in the intensity of electricity carbon emissions under different time periods, regions, and power supply structures. For example, in the same region, the carbon emission intensity per unit of electricity consumption differs significantly between periods with higher wind and solar power output and periods with higher thermal power output. Within the same time period, different regions may also have different carbon emission factors due to differences in power supply structure, proportion of purchased electricity, and load structure.

[0004] Furthermore, existing carbon factor data still suffers from insufficient credible management during its generation, transmission, use, and verification. Specifically, the source data, calculation process, applicable time period, applicable region, and subsequent usage status of carbon factors are often scattered across different systems. The data flow process lacks a unified and credible record, making it difficult for regulatory agencies, certification bodies, or trading counterparties to reverse-verify a particular carbon disclosure result.

[0005] Blockchain technology features multi-party consensus, immutability, traceability, and automatic execution of smart contracts, making it suitable for data management scenarios involving multiple stakeholders, complex data ownership, and the need for trusted auditing. However, in the application of the carbon factor, a clear distinction should be made between physical current and carbon asset data. Physical current is transmitted in a mixed manner within the power grid, making it difficult to track specific electrons one by one.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies have at least the following problems: First, the granularity of the electricity carbon factor is too coarse, making it difficult to fully reflect the differences in carbon emission intensity caused by changes in power structure at different times and in different regions; second, the power generation and carbon emission data on which the generation of the electricity carbon factor depends lack complete and reliable link records; third, after the electricity carbon data is used in user-side carbon accounting, carbon disclosure, product carbon footprint accounting, or green electricity declarations, there is a lack of effective status management and anti-reuse mechanisms; fourth, it is difficult for regulatory agencies or third-party auditing institutions to quickly trace the source, calculation process, and write-off status of the data used in a particular electricity carbon declaration.

[0007] Therefore, a time-sharing and zone-based method for processing carbon factor data based on blockchain is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a time-sharing and partitioned method and system for processing electric carbon factor data based on blockchain, in order to solve the problems of coarse granularity of existing electric carbon factor accounting, difficulty in verifying source data, lack of reliable records of usage process, and the possibility of the same electric carbon data being repeatedly declared or revoked.

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a time-sharing and zone-based method for processing carbon factor data based on blockchain is provided, the method comprising: Obtain the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types within the target time period and target area, as well as the electricity consumption of users within the target time period and target area; Calculate the time-sharing carbon factor for each zone based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable electricity within the target time period and target area. The power generation, carbon emissions, and carbon factor of the target time period and target area are encapsulated into carbon asset data, and the carbon asset data is written into the blockchain. When a user consumes electricity, the user's electricity carbon emissions are calculated based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor. An on-chain allocation record is generated based on the user's electricity carbon emissions and written into the blockchain. The system receives a reversal request from a user, automatically verifies the reversal request, and updates the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record when the verification is successful, and generates a reversal record.

[0010] Preferably, the calculation of the time-of-use carbon factor based on the power generation data and carbon emission data includes: , in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, Indicates time period ,area Total carbon emissions within the time period ,area The sum of carbon emissions from different types of power generation within the country; Representation, area The total power generation or distributable power within a given time period. ,area The sum of electricity generated by different types of power generation within the region.

[0011] Preferably, the electric carbon asset data includes: asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, power generation, carbon emissions, electric carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash.

[0012] Preferably, receiving a reconciliation request sent by a user and automatically verifying the reconciliation request includes: Based on the revocation request, the smart contract sequentially performs permission verification, time zone consistency verification, electricity balance verification, carbon emission consistency verification, and status verification. When all the above checks pass, the purpose of the rescission is recorded, the status of the corresponding allocation record is updated to rescission, and an immutable rescission record is generated; when any check fails, the smart contract rejects the rescission request and returns the reason for rejection. The permission verification is used to determine whether the user who submitted the reimbursement request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record. The time zone consistency check is used to determine whether the data to be reconciled belongs to the same target time period and the same target zone; The electricity balance verification is used to determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. The carbon emission consistency check is used to determine whether the carbon emission to be written off is consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results. The status verification is used to determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of being written off, invalidated, or otherwise unusable.

[0013] Preferably, the method further includes: For any user's electricity carbon declaration, based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, the corresponding electricity carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record are traced back to verify the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the user's electricity carbon declaration.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a blockchain-based time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing system is provided, the system comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types in the target time period and target area, as well as the electricity consumption of users in the target time period and target area; The carbon factor calculation module is used to calculate the time-sharing carbon factor of a region based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable power within the target time period and target area. The electric carbon asset data generation module is used to encapsulate the power generation, carbon emissions and electric carbon factor of the target time period and target area into electric carbon asset data, and write the electric carbon asset data into the blockchain; The user allocation module is used to calculate the user's electricity carbon emissions based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor when the user engages in electricity consumption behavior, generate an on-chain allocation record based on the user's electricity carbon emissions, and write it into the blockchain. The reconciliation module is used to receive reconciliation requests sent by users, automatically verify the reconciliation requests, and update the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record when the verification is successful, and generate a reconciliation record.

[0015] Preferably, the electric carbon factor calculation module calculates the time-of-use and zone-specific electric carbon factor based on the power generation data and carbon emission data, including: , in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, Indicates time period ,area Total carbon emissions within the time period ,area The sum of carbon emissions from different types of power generation within the country; Representation, area The total power generation or distributable power within a given time period. ,area The sum of electricity generated by different types of power generation within the region.

[0016] Preferably, the electric carbon asset data includes: asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, power generation, carbon emissions, electric carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash.

[0017] Preferably, the reconciliation module receives a reconciliation request sent by a user and automatically verifies the reconciliation request, including: Based on the revocation request, the smart contract sequentially performs permission verification, time zone consistency verification, electricity balance verification, carbon emission consistency verification, and status verification. When all the above checks pass, the purpose of the rescission is recorded, the status of the corresponding allocation record is updated to rescission, and an immutable rescission record is generated; when any check fails, the smart contract rejects the rescission request and returns the reason for rejection. The permission verification is used to determine whether the user who submitted the reimbursement request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record. The time zone consistency check is used to determine whether the data to be reconciled belongs to the same target time period and the same target zone; The electricity balance verification is used to determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. The carbon emission consistency check is used to determine whether the carbon emission to be written off is consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results. The status verification is used to determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of being written off, invalidated, or otherwise unusable.

[0018] Preferably, the system further includes: The traceability audit module is used to trace back to the corresponding carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record for any user's carbon declaration based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, in order to verify the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the user's carbon declaration.

[0019] This invention provides a time-sharing and zone-based method and system for processing electricity carbon factor data based on blockchain, comprising: acquiring the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types within a target time period and target area, as well as the electricity consumption of users within the target time period and target area; calculating the electricity carbon factor of the time-sharing zone based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable electricity within the target time period and target area; encapsulating the power generation, carbon emissions, and electricity carbon factor of the target time period and target area into electricity carbon asset data, and writing the electricity carbon asset data into the blockchain; when a user consumes electricity, calculating the user's electricity carbon emissions based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor, generating an on-chain allocation record based on the user's electricity carbon emissions, and writing it into the blockchain; receiving a reversal request sent by the user, automatically verifying the reversal request, and updating the status of the corresponding electricity carbon asset data or allocation record after the verification is successful, and generating a reversal record. This invention targets application scenarios such as power generation, regional electricity consumption, enterprise carbon accounting, product carbon footprint accounting, green electricity declaration and third-party auditing. By performing on-chain trusted registration of power generation, carbon emissions, carbon factors and their allocation and write-off status, it realizes that the source of time-sharing and regional carbon factor data is traceable, the process is verifiable, the status is controllable and the use is traceable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures: Figure 1 A flowchart of a time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing method 100 based on blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blockchain-based time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to fully and completely disclose the invention and to fully convey its scope to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings is not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings, the same units / elements are referred to by the same reference numerals.

[0022] Unless otherwise stated, the terms used herein (including technical terms) have their common meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, it is understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the context of their relevant field, and not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

[0023] This invention provides a blockchain-based time-sharing and zone-based method for processing electricity carbon factor data. Using target time periods and target regions as basic accounting units, it collects or accesses power generation data, carbon emission data, and user electricity consumption within the target time periods and regions. It calculates the electricity carbon factor for the corresponding time periods and regions, and writes power generation, carbon emissions, electricity carbon factors, and their status information into the blockchain as electricity carbon asset data. Furthermore, the system generates electricity carbon data allocation records based on user electricity consumption, and when users perform carbon accounting, carbon disclosure, product carbon footprint accounting, or green electricity declarations, it completes on-chain verification and anti-duplication checks through smart contracts.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a blockchain-based time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing method 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the time-sharing and regionalized electricity carbon factor data processing method based on blockchain provided by this invention is designed for application scenarios such as power generation, regional electricity consumption, enterprise carbon accounting, product carbon footprint accounting, green electricity declaration, and third-party auditing. By performing on-chain trusted registration of power generation, carbon emissions, electricity carbon factors, and their allocation and verification status, it achieves traceability of the source, process, status, and usage of time-sharing and regionalized electricity carbon factor data. The time-sharing and regionalized electricity carbon factor data processing method 100 based on blockchain provided by this invention begins at step 101. In step 101, it obtains the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types within the target time period and target area, as well as the user electricity consumption within the target time period and target area.

[0025] In this invention, power generation data, carbon emission data, and user electricity consumption within a target time period and target area are acquired. The target time period can be set to 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, or other preset time granularities; the target area can be a provincial power grid area, a municipal power grid area, an industrial park, a substation power supply area, a feeder area, a microgrid area, or a user-defined accounting area.

[0026] In step 102, the time-sharing carbon factor of the zone is calculated based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable power in the target time period and target area.

[0027] Preferably, the calculation of the time-of-use carbon factor based on the power generation data and carbon emission data includes: , in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, Indicates time period ,area Total carbon emissions within the time period ,area The sum of carbon emissions from different types of power generation within the country; Representation, area The total power generation or distributable power within a given time period. ,area The sum of electricity generated by different types of power generation within the region.

[0028] In this invention, the time-of-use carbon factor for each region is calculated based on the total carbon emissions and total power generation or allocable power within the target time period and target area. If multiple power generation types exist within the region, the power generation and corresponding carbon emissions for each type are obtained separately, and then aggregated to obtain the total carbon emissions for the region.

[0029] The carbon emission factor of this invention refers to the carbon emissions corresponding to a unit of electricity within a specific time period and region. Unlike traditional accounting methods that use annual averages or uniform static values ​​for a region, the time-based and region-specific carbon emission factor can reflect the dynamic differences in the intensity of electricity carbon emissions based on time granularity, spatial boundaries, and changes in power supply structure.

[0030] Within the target time period t and target region r, the electrocarbon factor can be calculated as follows: , in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, This indicates the total carbon emissions for that time period and region. This indicates the total power generation or available power in that time period and region.

[0031] In step 103, the power generation, carbon emissions, and carbon factor of the target time period and target area are encapsulated into carbon asset data, and the carbon asset data is written into the blockchain.

[0032] Preferably, the electric carbon asset data includes: asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, power generation, carbon emissions, electric carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash.

[0033] In this invention, electricity generation, carbon emissions, and carbon factor are encapsulated into carbon asset data. Each piece of carbon asset data includes at least an asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, electricity generation, carbon emissions, carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash. This carbon asset data is then written to a blockchain, forming an on-chain ledger indexed by either "time period—region—power generation type" or "time period—region—asset identifier." This ledger records the generation, calculation, allocation, locking, write-off, and invalidation of the carbon asset data.

[0034] Specifically, electricity generation, carbon emissions, and electricity carbon factors are managed as electricity carbon asset data. On-chain data can include three core types of records: electricity carbon factor asset records, user allocation records, and write-off records, as detailed in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1 On-chain data information

[0036] The aforementioned data status includes at least unused, allocated, locked, written off, and invalidated. Through status fields and on-chain transaction records, this invention enables the tracking of the entire lifecycle of electric carbon asset data.

[0037] In step 104, when a user consumes electricity, the user's electricity carbon emissions are calculated based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor. An on-chain allocation record is generated based on the user's electricity carbon emissions and written into the blockchain.

[0038] In this invention, when a user consumes electricity within a certain time period and area, the user's electricity carbon emissions can be calculated based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor, and an on-chain allocation record can be generated.

[0039] When multiple power generation types exist within the target area, the total carbon emissions can be summed up by combining the power generation and emission factors corresponding to each power generation type. The calculation method is as follows: , in, Indicates the type of power generation In time period ,area Electricity generation within the region This indicates the emission factor corresponding to this type of power generation.

[0040] Carbon emissions from user electricity consumption can be expressed as: , in, Indicates user In time period ,area Carbon emissions from electricity consumption within the country Indicates the user's electricity consumption. This indicates the electrocarbon factor for the corresponding time period and region.

[0041] In step 105, a reversal request sent by the user is received, the reversal request is automatically verified, and when the verification is successful, the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record is updated, and a reversal record is generated.

[0042] Preferably, receiving a reconciliation request sent by a user and automatically verifying the reconciliation request includes: Based on the revocation request, the smart contract sequentially performs permission verification, time zone consistency verification, battery balance verification, and status verification. When all the above checks pass, the purpose of the rescission is recorded, the status of the corresponding allocation record is updated to rescission, and an immutable rescission record is generated; when any check fails, the smart contract rejects the rescission request and returns the reason for rejection. The permission verification is used to determine whether the user who submitted the reimbursement request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record. The time zone consistency check is used to determine whether the data to be reconciled belongs to the same target time period and the same target zone; The electricity balance verification is used to determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. The carbon emission consistency check is used to determine whether the carbon emission to be written off is consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results. The status verification is used to determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of being written off, invalidated, or otherwise unusable.

[0043] In this invention, during the smart contract write-off step, when a user uses the allocated carbon data for carbon accounting, carbon disclosure, product carbon footprint accounting, or green electricity declaration, the smart contract performs consistency verification, permission verification, balance verification, and status verification on the write-off request. Upon successful verification, the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record is updated, and a write-off record is generated.

[0044] The smart contract is used to automatically verify, update, and control the write-off of carbon asset data. After a write-off request is submitted, the smart contract executes at least the following verification logic: Permission verification: Determine whether the user submitting the revocation request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record; Time zone consistency check: Determine whether the data to be reconciled belongs to the same target time period and the same target region; Electricity balance verification: Determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. Carbon emission consistency verification: Determine whether the carbon emissions to be verified are consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results; Status verification: Determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of write-off, invalidation, or other unusable status; Write-off Purpose Record: Record the purpose of this write-off for corporate carbon disclosure, product carbon footprint accounting, green electricity declaration, carbon trading settlement, or other pre-set purposes.

[0045] When all the above checks pass, the smart contract updates the corresponding record status to "verified" and generates an immutable verification record. If any check fails, the smart contract rejects the verification request and returns a reason for rejection. This mechanism prevents the same amount of electricity, the same amount of carbon emissions, or the same right to use carbon factors from being used repeatedly for multiple carbon declarations.

[0046] Preferably, the method further includes: For any user's electricity carbon declaration, based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, the corresponding electricity carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record are traced back to verify the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the user's electricity carbon declaration.

[0047] In this invention, data traceability is also possible. Specifically, for any user's electricity carbon declaration, based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, the data can be traced back to the corresponding electricity carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record, thereby verifying the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the declaration.

[0048] The time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing method based on blockchain provided by this invention has at least the following advantages compared with existing technologies: First, this invention generates an electric carbon factor according to time periods and regional boundaries, enabling the electric carbon factor to reflect the differences in carbon emission intensity caused by changes in power supply structure in different time periods and regions, thereby improving the precision of electricity carbon emission accounting.

[0049] Second, this invention writes electricity generation, carbon emissions, and carbon factors into the blockchain as carbon asset data, so that the source data, calculation results, and generation time of carbon factors have a credible evidence basis, and improves the immutability and traceability of the data.

[0050] Third, this invention establishes an on-chain correlation between user electricity consumption and carbon factors in a specific time period and region through user allocation records, so that the calculation basis of user electricity carbon emissions can be verified in reverse.

[0051] Fourth, this invention uses smart contracts to perform on-chain verification, enabling carbon data that has been used for carbon accounting, carbon disclosure, product carbon footprint accounting, or green electricity declarations to be marked as verified, thereby reducing the risk of duplicate declarations, duplicate verifications, or repeated use.

[0052] Fifth, this invention clearly distinguishes between physical current and carbon asset data, avoiding the use of indistinguishable physical current as a tracking object. Instead, it reliably registers and traces data assets that are measurable, verifiable, and state-manageable, making the technical approach more in line with the actual operating characteristics of the power system.

[0053] Sixth, this invention can provide regulatory agencies, third-party certification bodies, energy-consuming enterprises and trading participants with a complete data audit chain, which facilitates the verification of the source, calculation process, allocation process and write-off status of users' carbon declarations.

[0054] The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, it is assumed that a certain region has two types of power generation sources during the time period of 10:00-11:00: coal-fired power and natural gas-fired power. During this time period, the power generation from coal-fired power is 6 kWh, and the power generation from natural gas-fired power is 4 kWh. The time-sharing and zoned carbon factor data processing process based on blockchain includes: First, the system collects power generation data for the area between 10:00 and 11:00.

[0055] Further systematic acquisition or calculation of the corresponding carbon emissions. Assuming the carbon emissions corresponding to coal-fired power generation are... The carbon emissions corresponding to natural gas-fired power generation are Then the total power generation in that time period and region is: Total carbon emissions are: The electrocarbon factor for this time period and region is: The system generates a time-sharing, zone-specific carbon factor data record. This record includes: Time period: 10:00–11:00; Region: Target region; Total power generation: 10 kWh; Coal-fired power generation: 6 kWh; Natural gas-fired power generation: 4 kWh; Total carbon emissions: Electrocarbon factor: Data status: Unverified; Data hash: Hash1. The system writes this record to the blockchain. Thus, a traceable time-series and zone-specific carbon factor data asset is formed on the blockchain.

[0056] Furthermore, the system can also generate two separate on-chain asset records for coal-fired power plants and natural gas-fired power plants.

[0057] The first record is for carbon asset data from coal-fired power plants, including: Time period: 10:00-11:00; Region: Target area; Power generation type: Coal-fired power; Power generation: 6 kWh; Carbon emissions: Electrocarbon factor: Allocable status: Unused.

[0058] The second record contains carbon asset data for natural gas-fired power generation, including: Time period: 10:00–11:00; Region: Target region; Power generation type: Natural gas-fired power; Power generation: 4 kWh; Carbon emissions: Electrocarbon factor: Allocable status: Unused.

[0059] The two records mentioned above together constitute the inventory of electric carbon assets for this time period and region.

[0060] Next, the system receives the users' electricity consumption data. Assume user A consumes 5 kWh between 10:00 and 11:00, and user B consumes 5 kWh during the same time period.

[0061] The system calculates the carbon emissions from electricity consumption for user A and user B based on the carbon factor of electricity consumption in that time period and region.

[0062] User A's carbon emissions from electricity consumption are: , User B's carbon emissions from electricity consumption are: , The system generates carbon data allocation records for user A and user B respectively.

[0063] User A's allocation record includes: User ID: A; Time period: 10:00-11:00; Area: Target area; Electricity consumption: 5 kWh; Applicable carbon dioxide factor: Corresponding carbon emissions: Allocation status: Allocated but not yet cancelled.

[0064] User B's allocation record includes: User ID: B; Time period: 10:00-11:00; Area: Target area; Electricity consumption: 5 kWh; Applicable carbon dioxide factor: Corresponding carbon emissions: Allocation status: Allocated but not yet cancelled.

[0065] The system writes the above allocation records to the blockchain. At this point, the chain has recorded the correspondence between power generation, carbon emissions, carbon factor, and user electricity consumption carbon emissions.

[0066] When User A needs to conduct corporate carbon disclosure or product carbon footprint calculation, User A submits a write-off request to the system. The write-off request includes: User ID: A; Write-off time period: 10:00-11:00; Write-off area: target area; Write-off electricity consumption: 5 kWh; Write-off carbon emissions: Use of electrocarbon factor: Purpose of write-off: Corporate carbon disclosure or product carbon footprint accounting.

[0067] After receiving a reversal request, the smart contract automatically performs verification. Specifically, this includes: First, the smart contract checks if there is a record of user A's electricity carbon data allocation within the target area between 10:00 and 11:00 on the blockchain. Second, the smart contract determines whether the 5 kWh of electricity user A is applying to reimburse exceeds their already allocated but unreimbursed electricity. Third, the smart contract determines the amount of carbon emissions user A is applying to reimburse. Whether it matches the applied electricity consumption and carbon emission factor. Finally, the smart contract determines whether the allocation record has been cancelled. If all the above checks pass, the smart contract updates the allocation record status for user A from "allocated but not cancelled" to "cancelled" and generates a cancellation record. The cancellation record includes: cancellation record identifier; user identifier: A; time period: 10:00-11:00; area: target area; cancelled electricity consumption: 5 kWh; cancelled carbon emissions: Use of electrocarbon factor: Purpose of write-off; Write-off time; Write-off transaction hash; Write-off status: Write-off completed.

[0068] After the write-off is completed, User A's 5 kWh of electricity consumption, corresponding carbon emissions, and corresponding electricity carbon factor usage rights will be marked as written off. This data may not be used again for other carbon disclosures, product carbon footprint calculations, or green electricity declarations.

[0069] If user A submits a reimbursement request for the same time period, region, and electricity consumption again, the smart contract will recognize that the data has already been reimbursed and will refuse duplicate reimbursement. Similarly, user B can also reimburse based on their allocated but unreimbursed electricity consumption data records. User B's reimbursement process is the same as user A's.

[0070] In this embodiment, the blockchain plays the following role: 1. Serves as a ledger for registering electricity carbon assets, recording information on the generation of electricity, carbon emissions, and electricity carbon factors.

[0071] 2. As a traceability ledger for the carbon emission factor, it records which electricity generation and carbon emissions are used to calculate the carbon emission factor.

[0072] 3. As a ledger for users' electricity consumption carbon emissions, it records how much electricity a user uses, the corresponding carbon emissions, and which electricity carbon factor is used in a specific time period and specific area.

[0073] 4. As a write-off ledger, record whether the carbon data has been used for carbon accounting or carbon declaration to prevent reuse.

[0074] 5. As an audit ledger, it provides a verifiable data link for regulatory agencies, third-party certification bodies, or transaction participants.

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blockchain-based time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2As shown, the blockchain-based time-sharing and partitioned electric carbon factor data processing system 200 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a data acquisition module 201, an electric carbon factor calculation module 202, an electric carbon asset data generation module 203, a user allocation module 204, and a verification module 205.

[0076] Preferably, the data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types in the target time period and target area, as well as the electricity consumption of users in the target time period and target area.

[0077] Preferably, the carbon factor calculation module 202 is used to calculate the carbon factor of time-division and zone based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable power in the target time period and target area.

[0078] Preferably, the electric carbon factor calculation module 202 calculates the time-of-use and zone-specific electric carbon factor based on the power generation data and carbon emission data, including: , in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, Indicates time period ,area Total carbon emissions within the time period ,area The sum of carbon emissions from different types of power generation within the country; Representation, area The total power generation or distributable power within a given time period. ,area The sum of electricity generated by different types of power generation within the region.

[0079] Preferably, the electric carbon asset data generation module 203 is used to encapsulate the power generation, carbon emissions and electric carbon factor of the target time period and target area into electric carbon asset data, and write the electric carbon asset data into the blockchain.

[0080] Preferably, the electric carbon asset data includes: asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, power generation, carbon emissions, electric carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash.

[0081] Preferably, the user allocation module 204 is used to calculate the user's electricity carbon emissions based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor when the user engages in electricity consumption, generate an on-chain allocation record based on the user's electricity carbon emissions, and write it into the blockchain.

[0082] Preferably, the reversal module 205 is used to receive a reversal request sent by a user, automatically verify the reversal request, and update the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record when the verification is successful, and generate a reversal record.

[0083] Preferably, the verification module 205 receives a verification request sent by a user and automatically verifies the verification request, including: Based on the revocation request, the smart contract sequentially performs permission verification, time zone consistency verification, electricity balance verification, carbon emission consistency verification, and status verification. When all the above checks pass, the purpose of the rescission is recorded, the status of the corresponding allocation record is updated to rescission, and an immutable rescission record is generated; when any check fails, the smart contract rejects the rescission request and returns the reason for rejection. The permission verification is used to determine whether the user who submitted the cancellation request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record. The time zone consistency check is used to determine whether the data to be verified belongs to the same target time period and the same target zone; The electricity balance verification is used to determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. The carbon emission consistency check is used to determine whether the carbon emission to be written off is consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results. The status verification is used to determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of being written off, invalidated, or otherwise unusable.

[0084] Preferably, the system further includes: The traceability audit module is used to trace back to the corresponding carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record for any user's carbon declaration based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, in order to verify the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the user's carbon declaration.

[0085] The blockchain-based time-sharing and partitioned electric carbon factor data processing system 200 of this invention corresponds to the blockchain-based time-sharing and partitioned electric carbon factor data processing method 100 of another embodiment of this invention, and will not be described again here.

[0086] The present invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments besides those disclosed above fall equivalently within the scope of the present invention.

[0087] Generally, all terms used in this invention are interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the art, unless otherwise expressly defined herein. All references to “a / the / the [device, component, etc.]” ​​are openly interpreted as at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless otherwise expressly stated. The steps of any method disclosed herein need not be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0089] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0090] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0091] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A time-sharing and zone-based method for processing carbon factor data based on blockchain, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types within the target time period and target area, as well as the electricity consumption of users within the target time period and target area; Calculate the time-sharing carbon factor for each zone based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable electricity within the target time period and target area. The power generation, carbon emissions, and carbon factor of the target time period and target area are encapsulated into carbon asset data, and the carbon asset data is written into the blockchain. When a user consumes electricity, the user's electricity carbon emissions are calculated based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor. An on-chain allocation record is generated based on the user's electricity carbon emissions and written into the blockchain. The system receives a reversal request from a user, automatically verifies the reversal request, and updates the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record when the verification is successful, and generates a reversal record.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-of-use carbon factor for electricity is calculated based on the aforementioned power generation data and carbon emission data, including: ， in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, Indicates time period ,area Total carbon emissions within the time period ,area The sum of carbon emissions from different types of power generation within the country; Representation, area The total power generation or distributable power within a given time period. ,area The sum of electricity generated by different types of power generation within the region.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data on the electric carbon assets includes: asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, power generation, carbon emissions, electric carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Receive a reconciliation request sent by a user, and automatically verify the reconciliation request, including: Based on the revocation request, the smart contract sequentially performs permission verification, time zone consistency verification, electricity balance verification, carbon emission consistency verification, and status verification. When all the above checks pass, the purpose of the rescission is recorded, the status of the corresponding allocation record is updated to rescission, and an immutable rescission record is generated; when any check fails, the smart contract rejects the rescission request and returns the reason for rejection. The permission verification is used to determine whether the user who submitted the reimbursement request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record. The time zone consistency check is used to determine whether the data to be verified belongs to the same target time period and the same target zone; The electricity balance verification is used to determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. The carbon emission consistency check is used to determine whether the carbon emission to be written off is consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results. The status verification is used to determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of being written off, invalidated, or otherwise unusable.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: For any user's electricity carbon declaration, based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, the corresponding electricity carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record are traced back to verify the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the user's electricity carbon declaration.

6. A time-sharing and zone-based carbon factor data processing system based on blockchain, characterized in that, The system includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the power generation and carbon emissions corresponding to different power generation types in the target time period and target area, as well as the electricity consumption of users in the target time period and target area; The carbon factor calculation module is used to calculate the time-sharing carbon factor of a region based on the carbon emissions and power generation or allocable power within the target time period and target area. The electric carbon asset data generation module is used to encapsulate the power generation, carbon emissions and electric carbon factor of the target time period and target area into electric carbon asset data, and write the electric carbon asset data into the blockchain; The user allocation module is used to calculate the user's electricity carbon emissions based on the user's electricity consumption and the corresponding electricity carbon factor when the user engages in electricity consumption behavior, generate an on-chain allocation record based on the user's electricity carbon emissions, and write it into the blockchain. The reconciliation module is used to receive reconciliation requests sent by users, automatically verify the reconciliation requests, and update the status of the corresponding carbon asset data or allocation record when the verification is successful, and generate a reconciliation record.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electricity carbon factor calculation module calculates the time-of-use and zone-specific electricity carbon factor based on the power generation data and carbon emission data, including: ， in, Indicates time period ,area The electrocarbon factor, Indicates time period ,area Total carbon emissions within the time period ,area The sum of carbon emissions from different types of power generation within the country; Representation, area The total power generation or distributable power within a given time period. ,area The sum of electricity generated by different types of power generation within the region.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data on the electric carbon assets includes: asset identifier, time period, region, power generation entity or type, power generation, carbon emissions, electric carbon factor, data source, generation time, data status, and on-chain transaction hash.

9. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reconciliation module receives reconciliation requests sent by users and automatically verifies the reconciliation requests, including: Based on the revocation request, the smart contract sequentially performs permission verification, time zone consistency verification, electricity balance verification, carbon emission consistency verification, and status verification. When all the above checks pass, the purpose of the rescission is recorded, the status of the corresponding allocation record is updated to rescission, and an immutable rescission record is generated; when any check fails, the smart contract rejects the rescission request and returns the reason for rejection. The permission verification is used to determine whether the user who submitted the reimbursement request has the corresponding carbon data allocation record. The time zone consistency check is used to determine whether the data to be verified belongs to the same target time period and the same target zone; The electricity balance verification is used to determine whether the electricity to be cancelled is less than or equal to the allocated but not yet cancelled electricity. The carbon emission consistency check is used to determine whether the carbon emission to be written off is consistent with the electricity consumption and the corresponding carbon factor calculation results. The status verification is used to determine whether the relevant carbon asset data or allocation records are in a state of being written off, invalidated, or otherwise unusable.

10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system also includes: The traceability audit module is used to trace back to the corresponding carbon factor record, carbon emission record, power generation record, allocation record, and write-off record for any user's carbon declaration based on the blockchain transaction hash and asset identifier, in order to verify the source, calculation process, and usage status of the data used in the user's carbon declaration.

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