A multi-agent fair allocation of power market imbalance settlement device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-entity fair allocation settlement device for imbalance funds in the electricity market, belonging to the field of electricity market technology. It includes a market data management module, an imbalance fund analysis module, a multi-entity responsibility assessment module, a fair allocation calculation module, a settlement optimization module, and a settlement output and monitoring module. The market data management module is used to acquire and process the data required for imbalance fund settlement. The imbalance fund analysis module is used to identify the sources and formation mechanisms of imbalance funds. This multi-entity fair allocation settlement device for imbalance funds first collects market data, identifies sources of funds such as deviation in electricity volume, price differences, and congestion, quantifies the responsibilities of the entities in three dimensions, constructs an allocation model based on multiple factors, and completes fund clearing and monitoring through dynamic correction and optimization. It achieves more comprehensive responsibility definition, more precise allocation, and dynamic adaptive capabilities, avoiding the problems of unclear responsibility and fixed allocation in traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity market technology, specifically to a settlement device for electricity market imbalance funds that involves fair sharing among multiple stakeholders. Background Technology

[0002] In the electricity market, imbalances inevitably arise due to discrepancies between day-ahead declared and actual electricity volumes, fluctuations in real-time and day-ahead electricity prices, and transmission congestion. This necessitates the use of an electricity market imbalance settlement system to accurately identify, quantify, and fairly allocate these imbalances, ensuring the fairness and efficiency of market settlements. For example, Chinese invention patent application number 202510049743.6, filed on January 13, 2025, describes a method and system for calculating the allocation and return of imbalance funds based on the coupled settlement of contract and spot markets. This system enables electricity bill settlement in a dual-track bilateral electricity market. Related to the handling of imbalance funds; there is also a Chinese invention patent application with application number 202510799705.2 and application date of 2025-06-16, entitled "Method and System for Quantitative Calculation of the Scale of Imbalance Funds in the Electricity Market and the Allocation of Electricity Per kilowatt-hours." This method comprehensively considers the deviation in power generation and the deviation in market price to construct a model for calculating the scale of imbalance funds, thereby deriving the scale of imbalance funds; it constructs a calculation model for the allocation of electricity per kilowatt-hours considering the differences among different market participants, uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the allocation factor, and calculates the allocation amount per kilowatt-hour for each power generation enterprise; it establishes a solution model based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain an accurate scale of imbalance funds and a fair and reasonable allocation scheme for electricity per kilowatt-hours.

[0003] Because the formation of unbalanced funds involves complex mechanisms involving multiple entities and factors, the existing single-dimensional and static allocation method cannot accurately define the degree of responsibility of each entity. Consequently, without a multi-factor, multi-entity comprehensive assessment, dynamic correction, and multi-objective optimization allocation mechanism, problems such as unclear responsibility definition, unfair allocation results, low fund recovery efficiency, and lack of regulatory traceability will arise. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a settlement device for imbalance funds in the electricity market with fair allocation among multiple entities, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, which are caused by the lack of a multi-factor, multi-entity comprehensive evaluation, dynamic correction and multi-objective optimization allocation mechanism, resulting in unclear responsibility definition, unfair allocation results, low fund recovery efficiency and lack of regulatory traceability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-entity fair allocation settlement device for electricity market imbalance funds, comprising a market data management module, an imbalance fund analysis module, a multi-entity responsibility assessment module, a fair allocation calculation module, a settlement optimization module, and a settlement output and supervision module; the market data management module is used to acquire and process the data required for imbalance fund settlement; the imbalance fund analysis module is used to identify the sources and formation mechanisms of imbalance funds; the multi-entity responsibility assessment module is used to determine the degree of responsibility of each market entity for the formation of imbalance funds; the fair allocation calculation module is used to construct a multi-entity fair allocation model; the settlement optimization module is used to optimize the allocation results; and the settlement output and supervision module is used to complete fund settlement and result supervision.

[0006] Preferably, the market data management module consists of a transaction data acquisition unit, a measurement data acquisition unit, a price data acquisition unit, and a data verification unit;

[0007] The transaction data acquisition unit acquires the transaction results of the day-ahead market, real-time market, and medium- and long-term market. The metering data acquisition unit acquires the actual metered electricity data of the generation side and the user side. In addition, the price data acquisition unit acquires the node price, zone price, and settlement price data. The data verification unit completes the missing value correction, outlier identification, and data consistency verification.

[0008] Preferably, the unbalanced funds analysis module includes a deviation power analysis unit, a price difference analysis unit, a blocked funds analysis unit, and a funds collection unit;

[0009] The deviation power analysis unit uses the formula Analyze the discrepancy between the declared electricity volume and the actual electricity volume executed, among which For the deviation in power, This represents the actual amount of electricity consumed. To clear the charge, the deviation rate formula is... ;

[0010] The price spread analysis unit uses formulas Analyze the profit and loss of funds caused by market price differences, among which For price difference funds, For real-time electricity prices, The current day electricity price, Indicates the first Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities Indicates the market entity number;

[0011] Blocked funds analysis unit through formula Analyze the financial difference caused by transmission congestion. This indicates the blockage of profit and loss funds. Indicates the first The marginal electricity price of a composite node. Indicates the first The load power of each composite node Indicates the first The nodal marginal electricity price of each power generation node. Indicates the first The amount of electricity generated by each power generation node. Indicates the total number of composite nodes. Indicates the total number of power generation nodes. Indicates the load node number. Indicates the generator node number;

[0012] When the fund collection unit operates, it creates an unbalanced fund pool, specifically through the formula... ,in This indicates the total amount of unbalanced funds. Indicates the first Total number of imbalanced funding categories This indicates the total number of unbalanced funding categories. This indicates the fund category number.

[0013] Preferably, the multi-entity responsibility assessment module includes an entity classification unit, a deviation contribution assessment unit, a price impact assessment unit, and a responsibility weight generation unit;

[0014] When the multi-entity responsibility assessment module is working, it classifies power generation companies, electricity sales companies, electricity users, and energy storage entities.

[0015] The deviation contribution assessment unit uses the formula Calculate the main body deviation contribution rate, where Indicates the first The deviation contribution rate of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation;

[0016] The price impact assessment unit uses the formula The extent to which the calculation subject influences market price fluctuations, among which Indicates the first Price influence coefficient of each market entity Indicates the first The average marginal electricity price of each market participant node. This represents the average marginal electricity price across all market participants. Indicates the first The average marginal electricity price of each market participant node. Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation;

[0017] The responsibility weight generation unit forms the responsibility weight matrix for each entity, with the specific formula as follows: ,in Indicates the first The weight of responsibility of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation contribution rate of each market entity Indicates the first Price influence coefficient of each market entity Indicates the first The degree of benefit correlation for individual market entities This represents the weighting coefficient for the contribution of deviation. This indicates the weighting factor for the price effect. This represents the benefit-related weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number and meets the following requirements. .

[0018] Preferably, the fair allocation calculation module has a built-in allocation factor construction unit, a fair constraint unit, an allocation ratio calculation unit, a dynamic correction unit, and an incentive adjustment unit;

[0019] The allocation factor construction unit establishes the electricity factor, deviation factor, profit factor, and credit factor, using the formula... ,in Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity Indicates the first Electricity factor of each market entity Indicates the first Deviation factors of individual market participants Indicates the first The profit factors of each market participant Indicates the first Credit factors of individual market entities This represents the weighting coefficient of the power factor. This represents the weighting coefficient of the deviation factor. This represents the weighting coefficient of the return factor. This represents the credit factor weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number, and also meets the following requirements: + + + =1;

[0020] Meanwhile, the formula for the power factor is: ,in Indicates the first Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities No. Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities Indicates the total number of market entities;

[0021] The deviation factor formula is ,in Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Show the first The deviation in electricity volume of each market entity;

[0022] The formula for the return factor is: ,in Indicates the first The profits obtained by each market entity Indicates the first The benefits obtained by each market entity;

[0023] The formula for the credit factor is: ,in Indicates the first Credit scores of individual market entities Indicates the first Credit scores of individual market entities;

[0024] The fair constraint unit constructs a constraint mechanism where the beneficiary is also the bearer, and the deviationor is also the bearer;

[0025] The cost-sharing calculation unit calculates the proportion to be borne by each entity using the formula. Calculation, where Indicates the first The unbalanced capital sharing ratio of individual market entities Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity This represents the total number of market entities participating in the sharing of unbalanced costs. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation;

[0026] The dynamic correction unit dynamically adjusts the allocation coefficient based on the market operating status, using the formula... Correction, among which Indicates the first The dynamically adjusted apportionment ratio for each market entity. Indicates the first The initial contribution ratio of each market entity Indicates the first The dynamic adjustment coefficient for each market entity This indicates the current market entity number.

[0027] Preferably, the incentive adjustment unit adjusts the incentive based on the market entity's historical performance, prediction accuracy, and adjustment contribution, using a formula. Incentive adjustments are made to the basic allocation results, whereby... Indicates the first The incentive adjustment coefficient for each market entity This represents the excitation intensity parameter. Indicates the first The performance evaluation score of each market entity Indicates the current market entity number, after incentive correction: ,in Indicates the first The final cost-sharing ratio of each market entity after incentive adjustment. Indicates the first The dynamically adjusted apportionment ratio for each market entity. Indicates the first The incentive adjustment coefficient for each market entity This indicates the market entity number.

[0028] Preferably, the settlement optimization module comprises an optimization target construction unit, a constraint condition construction unit, an optimization solution unit, and a result correction unit;

[0029] The optimization objective construction unit has a built-in optimization objective function. The goal is to establish a joint optimization objective that maximizes the fairness of cost-sharing, minimizes the differences in burden among stakeholders, and maximizes the rate of capital recovery. This represents the overall optimization target value. Indicates the fairness of the allocation. This represents the variance index of the subject's burden. Indicates risk cost indicators, This represents the fairness weighting coefficient. This represents the weighting coefficient for the variance. This represents the risk cost weighting coefficient and satisfies... + + =1;

[0030] The constraint construction unit establishes capital balance constraints, entity affordability constraints, and market rule constraints, and the constraint construction unit contains a capital balance constraint formula. ,in Indicates the first The amount of unbalanced funds borne by each market entity This represents the total amount of unbalanced funds to be allocated. Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the market entity number, and the formula for the upper limit constraint of cost apportionment. ,in Indicates the first The amount of unbalanced funds borne by each market entity Indicates the first The maximum amount that each market entity is allowed to bear in terms of contribution. Indicates the market entity number;

[0031] The optimization solution unit employs Shaoley value, cooperative game theory, linear programming, and two-level optimization algorithms for solution, using formulas. ,in Indicates the first Shapley contribution value of each market entity This represents the characteristic function in cooperative games. Indicates that it does not include the first Any alliance of market entities This represents the set of market entities participating in the cost-sharing. Indicates only the first A collection of market entities This indicates the removal of the first [entity] from the set of market entities. The set after each subject Representing the subject Join the alliance The new alliance that formed later Indicates alliance The responsibility contribution value for the formation of unbalanced funds, Representing the subject Join the alliance The subsequent responsibility contribution value, Indicates alliance The number of main entities in Indicates the market entity number;

[0032] The result correction unit eliminates extreme allocation results, and the formula is as follows: ,in Indicates the first The revised apportionment amount for each market entity. Indicates the first The optimized allocation amount for each market entity. Represents the smoothing coefficient. This represents the average amount shared by all market participants. This indicates the market entity number.

[0033] Preferably, the settlement output and supervision module includes an accounts receivable / payable calculation unit, a settlement clearing unit, a risk warning unit, an audit traceability unit, and a report generation unit;

[0034] The accounts receivable and payable calculation unit calculates the final settlement amount for each entity using the final settlement amount calculation formula. ,in Indicates the first The final settlement amount for each market entity Indicates the first The amount receivable by each market entity Indicates the first The amount payable by each market entity Indicates the first The revised apportionment amount for each market entity. Indicates the market entity number;

[0035] The settlement and clearing unit completes fund allocation and recovery, using a fund balance verification formula. ,in Indicates the first The amount of receivable for each market entity Indicates the first The amount payable by each market entity Indicates the total number of market entities. This indicates the market entity number.

[0036] Preferably, the risk warning unit identifies abnormal settlement situations, specifically through a comprehensive risk scoring formula. ,in Indicates the first A comprehensive risk score for each market entity. Indicates the first The degree of abnormality in the allocation of costs by individual market entities Indicates the first Risk index of capital fluctuations for individual market participants. Indicates the first Deviation rate of each market entity This represents the weighting coefficient for allocating the anomaly degree. This represents the risk weighting coefficient for capital fluctuations. This represents the deviation rate weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number and meets the following requirements. + + =1, and simultaneously matches the judgment rule, when If the risk level is greater than or equal to the risk warning threshold, a risk warning will be triggered.

[0037] Preferably, the audit traceability unit records the source of funds, the division of responsibilities, and the allocation process; the report generation unit outputs a report of the calculation results.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It employs a novel structural design, firstly collecting transaction, metering, and electricity price data to identify sources of imbalanced funds such as deviation in electricity volume, price differences, and congestion. Then, it quantifies the responsibility weights of each entity from three dimensions: deviation contribution, price impact, and benefit correlation. Finally, it constructs a multi-factor allocation model by integrating electricity volume, deviation, benefit, and credit factors. After dynamic correction and incentive adjustment, a cooperative game theory algorithm is used for multi-objective optimization, ultimately achieving fund clearing, risk warning, and audit traceability. This results in more comprehensive responsibility definition, more refined allocation, dynamic adaptive capabilities, and regulatory traceability, avoiding the problems of unclear responsibility and rigid allocation in traditional methods. The specific details are as follows:

[0039] (1) The power market imbalance settlement device with fair allocation of multiple entities, through the collaborative work of the transaction data acquisition unit, metering data acquisition unit, price data acquisition unit and data verification unit, can obtain the complete transaction results of the day-ahead market, real-time market and medium- and long-term market. At the same time, it can collect the actual metering power data of the generation side and the user side, as well as key price information such as nodal price and regional price, and complete the missing value correction, outlier identification and data consistency verification.

[0040] Furthermore, the imbalance fund analysis module, through the deviation power analysis unit, price difference analysis unit, congestion fund analysis unit, and fund collection unit, accurately identifies the source and formation mechanism of imbalance funds, providing a high-quality, multi-dimensional data foundation for subsequent allocation. It can clearly locate the imbalance fund amount generated by deviation power, price difference fluctuations, and transmission congestion, avoiding the problems of unclear fund sources and inconsistent data quality in traditional methods, and ensuring that the allocation process is based on evidence and verifiable.

[0041] (2) The multi-entity fair sharing of electricity market imbalance funds settlement device, the multi-entity responsibility assessment module classifies power generation enterprises, electricity sales companies, electricity users and energy storage entities through entity classification unit, deviation contribution assessment unit, price impact assessment unit and responsibility weight generation unit, and comprehensively quantifies the degree of responsibility of each entity for the formation of imbalance funds from three dimensions: deviation contribution rate, price impact coefficient and benefit correlation.

[0042] Furthermore, the fair allocation calculation module incorporates an allocation factor construction unit, a fairness constraint unit, an allocation ratio calculation unit, a dynamic correction unit, and an incentive adjustment unit. It integrates electricity factor, deviation factor, benefit factor, and credit factor to construct a multi-factor allocation model. Based on the fairness constraint mechanism of "beneficiary is also bearer, deviation is also bearer," it achieves differentiated adjustment of allocation results through dynamic correction and incentive adjustment. This realizes the leap from single-dimensional to multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation of responsibility definition, and the transformation of the allocation mechanism from static and fixed to dynamic and adaptive. At the same time, the introduction of credit and benefit factors can incentivize entities with high prediction accuracy and large adjustment contributions, truly reflecting the fairness principle of "whoever causes it, bears the responsibility."

[0043] (3) The settlement device for the unbalanced funds of the electricity market with fair allocation of multiple subjects has a settlement optimization module consisting of an optimization objective construction unit, a constraint condition construction unit, an optimization solution unit and a result correction unit. It has a built-in joint optimization objective with the highest allocation fairness, the smallest difference in subject burden and the highest fund recovery rate. It is solved by Shapley value, cooperative game, linear programming and bi-level optimization algorithms, and extreme allocation results are eliminated by smoothing coefficient.

[0044] Furthermore, the settlement output and supervision module includes an accounts receivable / payable calculation unit, a settlement clearing unit, a risk warning unit, an audit traceability unit, and a report generation unit. It completes the final settlement amount calculation, fund balance verification, abnormal situation identification and warning, full process recording, and report output. Through multi-objective joint optimization, it achieves the global optimum of the allocation result. The introduction of algorithms such as Shapley value ensures the fairness and reasonableness of the allocation contribution value. At the same time, the risk warning unit can comprehensively score the allocation anomaly degree, fund fluctuation risk, and deviation rate and trigger warnings. The audit traceability unit fully records the source of funds, responsibility division, and allocation process, effectively solving the problems of lack of supervision and difficulty in traceability in traditional settlement systems, and meeting the requirements of transparent supervision in the power market. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figure 1The present invention provides the following technical solution: a settlement device for imbalance funds in the power market with fair sharing among multiple entities, including a market data management module, an imbalance fund analysis module, a multi-entity responsibility assessment module, a fair sharing calculation module, a settlement optimization module, and a settlement output and supervision module;

[0048] The market data management module is used to acquire and process the data required for imbalance settlement; the market data management module consists of a transaction data acquisition unit, a measurement data acquisition unit, a price data acquisition unit, and a data verification unit.

[0049] The transaction data acquisition unit acquires the transaction results of the day-ahead market, real-time market, and medium- and long-term market. The metering data acquisition unit acquires the actual metered electricity data of the generation side and the user side. In addition, the price data acquisition unit acquires the node price, zone price, and settlement price data. The data verification unit completes the missing value correction, outlier identification, and data consistency verification.

[0050] The aforementioned market data management module, through multi-source heterogeneous data collection and intelligent verification, unifies, cleans, and standardizes the raw data scattered across the day-ahead market, real-time market, medium- and long-term market, and metering system, forming a high-quality dataset that can be directly used by subsequent modules. Its workflow is as follows: First, the transaction data collection unit obtains day-ahead market clearing results, real-time market clearing results, and medium- and long-term market contract data from the market transaction system, including information such as the declared electricity volume, cleared electricity volume, and winning bid price of each market participant. Second, the metering data collection unit reads the actual power generation of each generating unit on the generation side and the actual electricity consumption of each load node on the user side from the dispatch automation system or metering automation system, using this as a basis for comparison with the actual execution situation. Secondly, the price data acquisition unit obtains node marginal electricity prices, regional electricity prices, and various settlement electricity price data, covering price information at different time scales and geographical nodes. Finally, the data verification unit performs missing value correction, outlier identification, and data consistency verification on all collected data: missing data is filled using interpolation or historical average methods, and outlier data is removed or marked through threshold judgment and logical verification. At the same time, it ensures that the correspondence between transaction data, metering data, and price data is consistent in the time dimension and subject dimension. The verified data is uniformly stored for subsequent module calls. The entire process ensures the integrity, accuracy, and consistency of the input data, laying a reliable data foundation for the accurate analysis of unbalanced funds.

[0051] The imbalance fund analysis module is used to identify the sources and formation mechanisms of imbalance funds; the imbalance fund analysis module includes a deviation power analysis unit, a price difference analysis unit, a blocked fund analysis unit, and a fund collection unit;

[0052] The deviation power analysis unit uses the formula Analyze the discrepancy between the declared electricity volume and the actual electricity volume executed, among which For the deviation in power, This represents the actual amount of electricity consumed. To clear the charge, the deviation rate formula is... ;

[0053] The price spread analysis unit uses formulas Analyze the profit and loss of funds caused by market price differences, among which For price difference funds, For real-time electricity prices, The current day electricity price, Indicates the first Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities Indicates the market entity number;

[0054] Blocked funds analysis unit through formula Analyze the financial difference caused by transmission congestion. This indicates the blockage of profit and loss funds. Indicates the first The marginal electricity price of a composite node. Indicates the first The load power of each composite node Indicates the first The nodal marginal electricity price of each power generation node. Indicates the first The amount of electricity generated by each power generation node. Indicates the total number of composite nodes. Indicates the total number of power generation nodes. Indicates the load node number. Indicates the generator node number;

[0055] When the fund collection unit operates, it creates an unbalanced fund pool, specifically through the formula... ,in This indicates the total amount of unbalanced funds. Indicates the first Total number of imbalanced funding categories This indicates the total number of unbalanced funding categories. This indicates the fund category number.

[0056] The aforementioned imbalance fund analysis module quantitatively analyzes multi-dimensional data such as market participants' declaration and execution deviations, price fluctuations, and transmission congestion to accurately identify the sources and formation mechanisms of imbalance funds. This provides a quantitative basis for subsequent responsibility assessment and allocation. During operation, the deviation electricity analysis unit first obtains the day-ahead declared electricity volume and actual executed electricity volume for each market participant, calculating the deviation electricity volume and deviation rate. The deviation rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the deviation electricity volume to the cleared electricity volume, used to measure the accuracy of the participant's forecasts; a larger deviation electricity volume indicates a greater contribution of that participant to the imbalance funds. Secondly, the price difference analysis unit obtains the day-ahead market... The system calculates the price difference between the electricity price and the real-time market price, multiplies it by the settlement volume of the entity, and analyzes the financial gains and losses caused by market price fluctuations. A positive price difference indicates a surplus in real-time market settlement, while a negative difference indicates a loss. Next, the congestion fund analysis unit obtains the nodal marginal electricity price and load volume of each load node, and the nodal marginal electricity price and generation volume of each generation node. It analyzes the fund difference caused by transmission congestion by comparing the difference between load-side funds and generation-side funds. Finally, the fund collection unit summarizes all categories of unbalanced funds to form an unbalanced fund pool, providing a complete and clearly categorized total fund amount for the subsequent allocation module.

[0057] The multi-entity liability assessment module is used to determine the degree of responsibility of each market entity for the formation of unbalanced funds; the multi-entity liability assessment module includes entity classification unit, deviation contribution assessment unit, price impact assessment unit, and liability weight generation unit;

[0058] When the multi-entity responsibility assessment module is working, it classifies power generation companies, electricity sales companies, electricity users, and energy storage entities.

[0059] Deviation contribution assessment unit through formula Calculate the main body deviation contribution rate, where Indicates the first The deviation contribution rate of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation;

[0060] Price impact assessment unit through formula The extent to which the calculation subject influences market price fluctuations, among which Indicates the first Price influence coefficient of each market entity Indicates the first The average marginal electricity price of each market participant node. This represents the average marginal electricity price across all market participants. Indicates the first The average marginal electricity price of each market participant node. Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation;

[0061] The responsibility weight generation unit forms the responsibility weight matrix for each entity, with the specific formula as follows: ,in Indicates the first The weight of responsibility of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation contribution rate of each market entity Indicates the first Price influence coefficient of each market entity Indicates the first The degree of benefit correlation for individual market entities This represents the weighting coefficient for the contribution of deviation. This indicates the weighting factor for the price effect. This represents the benefit-related weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number and meets the following requirements. .

[0062] The aforementioned multi-entity responsibility assessment module quantitatively evaluates the deviation contribution, price impact, and benefit correlation of various market entities from multiple dimensions to determine the responsibility weight of each entity for the formation of unbalanced funds, providing a basis for fair allocation of responsibility. First, the entity classification unit categorizes and identifies various market entities, such as power generation companies, electricity sales companies, electricity users, and energy storage entities, clarifying their roles in the market. Second, the deviation contribution assessment unit calculates the proportion of each market entity's absolute deviation electricity volume to the sum of the absolute deviation electricity volumes of all market entities, deriving the entity's deviation contribution rate. A larger deviation electricity volume results in a higher deviation contribution rate, indicating a greater direct responsibility for the formation of unbalanced funds. Third, the price impact assessment unit calculates the degree of deviation between the marginal electricity price of each market entity's node and the average electricity price of all nodes, and calculates the proportion of this deviation to the sum of the deviations of all entities, deriving a price impact coefficient. A higher coefficient indicates a stronger influence of the entity on market price fluctuations. Finally, the responsibility weight generation unit weights and sums the deviation contribution rate, price impact coefficient, and benefit correlation according to preset weight coefficients to generate a responsibility weight matrix for each market entity.

[0063] The fair allocation calculation module is used to construct a multi-subject fair allocation model; the fair allocation calculation module has built-in allocation factor construction unit, fair constraint unit, allocation ratio calculation unit, dynamic correction unit, and incentive adjustment unit;

[0064] The allocation factor construction unit establishes the electricity factor, deviation factor, profit factor, and credit factor, using the formula... ,in Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity Indicates the first Electricity factor of each market entity Indicates the first Deviation factors of individual market participants Indicates the first The profit factors of each market participant Indicates the first Credit factors of individual market entities This represents the weighting coefficient of the power factor. This represents the weighting coefficient of the deviation factor. This represents the weighting coefficient of the return factor. This represents the credit factor weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number, and also meets the following requirements: + + + =1;

[0065] Meanwhile, the formula for the power factor is: ,in Indicates the first Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities No. Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities Indicates the total number of market entities;

[0066] The deviation factor formula is ,in Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Show the first The deviation in electricity volume of each market entity;

[0067] The formula for the return factor is: ,in Indicates the first The profits obtained by each market entity Indicates the first The benefits obtained by each market entity;

[0068] The formula for the credit factor is: ,in Indicates the first Credit scores of individual market entities Indicates the first Credit scores of individual market entities;

[0069] The fair constraint unit constructs a constraint mechanism where the beneficiary is also the bearer, and the deviationor is also the bearer;

[0070] The cost-sharing calculation unit calculates the proportion to be borne by each entity using a formula. Calculation, where Indicates the first The unbalanced capital sharing ratio of individual market entities Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity This represents the total number of market entities participating in the sharing of unbalanced costs. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation;

[0071] The dynamic adjustment unit dynamically adjusts the allocation coefficient based on the market operating status, using the formula... Correction, among which Indicates the first The dynamically adjusted apportionment ratio for each market entity. Indicates the first The initial contribution ratio of each market entity Indicates the first The dynamic adjustment coefficient for each market entity This indicates the current market entity number.

[0072] The incentive adjustment unit, based on the market entity's historical performance, forecast accuracy, and adjustment contribution, uses a formula... Incentive adjustments are made to the basic allocation results, whereby... Indicates the first The incentive adjustment coefficient for each market entity This represents the excitation intensity parameter. Indicates the first The performance evaluation score of each market entity Indicates the current market entity number, after incentive correction: ,in Indicates the first The final cost-sharing ratio of each market entity after incentive adjustment. Indicates the first The dynamically adjusted apportionment ratio for each market entity. Indicates the first The incentive adjustment coefficient for each market entity This indicates the market entity number.

[0073] The aforementioned fair allocation calculation module constructs a comprehensive allocation factor encompassing four dimensions: electricity volume, deviation, revenue, and credit. Combined with a fair constraint mechanism and dynamic correction strategy, it calculates the proportion of unbalanced funds to be shared by each market participant. First, the allocation factor construction unit establishes four key factors: the electricity volume factor reflects the proportion of the participant's settled electricity volume to the total electricity volume; the deviation factor reflects the proportion of the participant's deviation electricity volume to the total deviation; the revenue factor reflects the proportion of the participant's revenue to the total revenue; and the credit factor reflects the proportion of the participant's credit score to the total score. These four factors are weighted and summed according to preset weights to generate the comprehensive allocation factor. Second, the fair constraint unit constructs a mechanism for calculating the proportion of unbalanced funds to be shared by each market participant. The system includes a constraint mechanism for those who bear the burden and those who deviate from it, ensuring that entities that gain more or deviate more bear more responsibility. Secondly, the sharing ratio calculation unit divides each entity's comprehensive sharing factor by the sum of all entities' comprehensive sharing factors to calculate each entity's initial sharing ratio. Then, the dynamic correction unit dynamically adjusts the initial sharing ratio based on real-time factors such as market conditions and supply-demand tension. Finally, the incentive adjustment unit makes incentive adjustments to the sharing results based on the market entities' historical performance, prediction accuracy, and adjustment contribution, with high-performing entities receiving sharing reductions and low-performing entities bearing more responsibility.

[0074] The settlement optimization module is used to optimize the allocation results; the settlement optimization module consists of an optimization objective construction unit, a constraint construction unit, an optimization solution unit, and a result correction unit;

[0075] The optimization objective building block has a built-in optimization objective function. The goal is to establish a joint optimization objective that maximizes the fairness of cost-sharing, minimizes the differences in burden among stakeholders, and maximizes the rate of capital recovery. This represents the overall optimization target value. Indicates the fairness of the allocation. This represents the variance index of the subject's burden. Indicates risk cost indicators, This represents the fairness weighting coefficient. This represents the weighting coefficient for the variance. This represents the risk cost weighting coefficient and satisfies... + + =1;

[0076] The constraint construction unit establishes constraints on capital balance, entity affordability, and market rules. The constraint construction unit contains the capital balance constraint formula. ,in Indicates the first The amount of unbalanced funds borne by each market entity This represents the total amount of unbalanced funds to be allocated. Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the market entity number, and the formula for the upper limit constraint. ,in Indicates the first The amount of unbalanced funds borne by each market entity Indicates the first The maximum amount that each market entity is allowed to bear in terms of contribution. Indicates the market entity number;

[0077] The optimization solution unit is solved using Shaoley value, cooperative game theory, linear programming, and two-level optimization algorithms, through formulas. ,in Indicates the first Shapley contribution value of each market entity This represents the characteristic function in cooperative games. Indicates that it does not include the first Any alliance of market entities This represents the set of market entities participating in the cost-sharing. Indicates only the first A collection of market entities This indicates removing the first from the set of market entities. The set after each subject Representing the subject Join the alliance The new alliance that formed later Indicates alliance The responsibility contribution value for the formation of unbalanced funds, Representing the subject Join the alliance The subsequent responsibility contribution value, Indicates alliance The number of main entities in the middle, Indicates the market entity number;

[0078] The result correction unit eliminates extreme allocation results, and the formula is as follows: ,in Indicates the first The revised apportionment amount for each market entity. Indicates the first The optimized allocation amount for each market entity. Represents the smoothing coefficient. This represents the average amount shared by all market participants. This indicates the market entity number.

[0079] The aforementioned settlement optimization module constructs a multi-objective joint optimization function, sets constraints such as capital balance and the affordability of entities, and uses cooperative game theory and intelligent optimization algorithms to solve and correct the allocation results, achieving a comprehensive optimization of allocation fairness, burden difference, and capital recovery rate. First, the optimization objective construction unit establishes a joint optimization function with the objectives of maximizing allocation fairness, minimizing the burden difference among entities, and maximizing the capital recovery rate. The three objectives are weighted and summed according to preset weights to form a comprehensive optimization objective. Second, the constraint construction unit sets capital balance constraints to ensure that the sum of the allocated amounts for each entity equals the unbalanced funds. The total amount is determined by setting a constraint on the affordability of each entity, limiting the amount each entity can contribute to to no more than its maximum allowable limit. Next, the optimization unit uses algorithms such as Shapley value calculation, cooperative game theory, linear programming, and bi-level optimization to determine the optimal allocation scheme by calculating the marginal contribution value of each entity in different alliance combinations. Finally, the result correction unit smooths the optimization results by weighting and integrating extreme allocation results with the average allocation of all entities, eliminating extreme cases where individual entities' contributions are too high or too low, making the final allocation result more reasonable and stable, and easier to implement.

[0080] The settlement output and supervision module is used to complete fund settlement and result supervision; the settlement output and supervision module includes accounts receivable and payable calculation unit, settlement clearing unit, risk warning unit, audit traceability unit, and report generation unit;

[0081] The accounts receivable and payable calculation unit calculates the final settlement amount for each entity using the final settlement amount calculation formula. ,in Indicates the first The final settlement amount for each market entity Indicates the first The amount receivable by each market entity Indicates the first The amount payable by each market entity Indicates the first The revised apportionment amount for each market entity. Indicates the market entity number;

[0082] The settlement and clearing unit completes the allocation and recovery of funds, and performs the fund balance verification through the fund balance formula. ,in Indicates the first The amount of receivable for each market entity Indicates the first The amount payable by each market entity Indicates the total number of market entities. This indicates the market entity number.

[0083] The risk warning unit identifies abnormal settlement situations, specifically through a comprehensive risk scoring formula. ,in Indicates the first A comprehensive risk score for each market entity. Indicates the first The degree of abnormality in the allocation of resources among individual market entities Indicates the first Risk index of capital fluctuations for individual market participants. Indicates the first Deviation rate of each market entity This represents the weighting coefficient for allocating the anomaly degree. This represents the risk weighting coefficient for capital fluctuations. This represents the deviation rate weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number and meets the following requirements. + + =1, and simultaneously matches the judgment rule, when If the risk level is greater than or equal to the risk warning threshold, a risk warning will be triggered.

[0084] The audit traceability unit records the source of funds, the division of responsibilities, and the allocation process; the report generation unit outputs the calculation result reports.

[0085] The aforementioned settlement output and supervision module calculates the final settlement amount and clears funds for each market entity, identifies and warns of anomalies during the settlement process, and records all process data for audit traceability, ensuring the accuracy, security, and supervisory nature of the settlement results. First, the accounts receivable / payable calculation unit calculates the final settlement amount for each entity based on its receivables, payables, and the optimized allocation amount. Positive values ​​represent net income, and negative values ​​represent net expenditure. Second, the settlement clearing unit completes fund allocation and recovery, balancing all receivables and payables to ensure the total amounts are equal before executing actual fund transfers. Third, the risk warning unit comprehensively assesses each entity's allocation anomaly degree, fund fluctuation risk index, and deviation rate, calculating a comprehensive risk score. When the score reaches or exceeds the preset risk warning threshold, an early warning is immediately triggered, notifying operations personnel to intervene. Finally, the audit traceability unit fully records the source composition of unbalanced funds, the allocation of responsibilities among entities, the allocation calculation process, and the final settlement data. The report generation unit automatically outputs calculation result reports for market management agencies to review, file, and publicly disclose.

[0086] The above is the entire working process of the device, and all contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0087] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-entity fair allocation settlement device for electricity market imbalance funds, comprising a market data management module, an imbalance fund analysis module, a multi-entity responsibility assessment module, a fair allocation calculation module, a settlement optimization module, and a settlement output and monitoring module, characterized in that: The market data management module is used to acquire and process the data required for unbalanced fund settlement; The imbalanced funds analysis module is used to identify the sources and formation mechanisms of imbalanced funds; The multi-entity liability assessment module is used to determine the degree of responsibility of each market entity for the formation of unbalanced funds; The fair allocation calculation module is used to construct a multi-subject fair allocation model; The settlement optimization module is used to optimize and solve the allocation results; The settlement output and supervision module is used to complete fund settlement and result supervision.

2. The electricity market imbalance settlement device for fair allocation of funds among multiple entities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The market data management module consists of a transaction data acquisition unit, a measurement data acquisition unit, a price data acquisition unit, and a data verification unit. The transaction data acquisition unit acquires the transaction results of the day-ahead market, real-time market, and medium- and long-term market. The metering data acquisition unit acquires the actual metered electricity data of the generation side and the user side. In addition, the price data acquisition unit acquires the node price, zone price, and settlement price data. The data verification unit completes the missing value correction, outlier identification, and data consistency verification.

3. The electricity market imbalance settlement device for fair allocation of funds among multiple entities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unbalanced funds analysis module includes a deviation power analysis unit, a price difference analysis unit, a blocked funds analysis unit, and a funds collection unit; The deviation power analysis unit uses the formula Analyze the discrepancy between the declared electricity volume and the actual electricity volume executed, among which For the deviation in power, This represents the actual amount of electricity consumed. To clear the charge, the deviation rate formula is... ; The price spread analysis unit uses formulas Analyze the profit and loss of funds caused by market price differences, among which For price difference funds, For real-time electricity prices, The current day electricity price, Indicates the first Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities Indicates the market entity number; Blocked funds analysis unit through formula Analyze the financial difference caused by transmission congestion. This indicates the blockage of profit and loss funds. Indicates the first The marginal electricity price of a composite node. Indicates the first The load power of each composite node Indicates the first The nodal marginal electricity price of each power generation node. Indicates the first The amount of electricity generated by each power generation node. Indicates the total number of composite nodes. Indicates the total number of power generation nodes. Indicates the load node number. Indicates the generator node number; When the fund collection unit operates, it creates an unbalanced fund pool, specifically through the formula... ,in This indicates the total amount of unbalanced funds. Indicates the first Total number of imbalanced funding categories This indicates the total number of unbalanced funding categories. This indicates the fund category number.

4. The multi-entity fair allocation of electricity market imbalance funds settlement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-entity responsibility assessment module includes an entity classification unit, a deviation contribution assessment unit, a price impact assessment unit, and a responsibility weight generation unit. When the multi-entity responsibility assessment module is working, it classifies power generation companies, electricity sales companies, electricity users, and energy storage entities. The deviation contribution assessment unit uses the formula Calculate the main body deviation contribution rate, where Indicates the first The deviation contribution rate of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation; The price impact assessment unit uses the formula The extent to which the calculation subject influences market price fluctuations, among which Indicates the first Price influence coefficient of each market entity Indicates the first The average marginal electricity price of each market participant node. This represents the average marginal electricity price across all market participants. Indicates the first The average marginal electricity price of each market participant node. Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation; The responsibility weight generation unit forms the responsibility weight matrix for each entity, with the specific formula as follows: ,in Indicates the first The weight of responsibility of each market entity Indicates the first The deviation contribution rate of each market entity Indicates the first Price influence coefficient of each market entity Indicates the first The degree of benefit correlation for individual market entities This represents the weighting coefficient for the contribution of deviation. This indicates the weighting factor for the price effect. This represents the benefit-related weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number and meets the following requirements. .

5. The electricity market imbalance settlement device for fair allocation of funds among multiple entities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fair allocation calculation module includes an allocation factor construction unit, a fair constraint unit, an allocation ratio calculation unit, a dynamic correction unit, and an incentive adjustment unit. The allocation factor construction unit establishes the electricity factor, deviation factor, profit factor, and credit factor, using the formula... ,in Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity Indicates the first Electricity factor of each market entity Indicates the first Deviation factors of individual market participants Indicates the first The profit factors of each market participant Indicates the first Credit factors of individual market entities This represents the weighting coefficient of the power factor. This represents the weighting coefficient of the deviation factor. This represents the weighting coefficient of the return factor. This represents the credit factor weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number, and also meets the following requirements: + + + =1; Meanwhile, the formula for the power factor is: ,in Indicates the first Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities No. Settlement electricity volume of individual market entities Indicates the total number of market entities; The deviation factor formula is ,in Indicates the first The deviation in electricity consumption of each market entity Show the first The deviation in electricity volume of each market entity; The formula for the return factor is: ,in Indicates the first The profits obtained by each market entity Indicates the first The benefits obtained by each market entity; The formula for the credit factor is: ,in Indicates the first Credit scores of individual market entities Indicates the first Credit scores of individual market entities; The fair constraint unit constructs a constraint mechanism where the beneficiary is also the bearer, and the deviationor is also the bearer; The cost-sharing calculation unit calculates the proportion to be borne by each entity using the formula. Calculation, where Indicates the first The unbalanced capital sharing ratio of individual market entities Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity Indicates the first The comprehensive allocation factor for each market entity This represents the total number of market entities participating in the sharing of unbalanced costs. Indicates the current market entity number. Indicates the subject number for summation; The dynamic correction unit dynamically adjusts the allocation coefficient based on the market operating status, using the formula... Correction, among which Indicates the first The dynamically adjusted apportionment ratio for each market entity. Indicates the first The initial contribution ratio of each market entity Indicates the first The dynamic adjustment coefficient for each market entity This indicates the current market entity number.

6. The electricity market imbalance settlement device for fair allocation of funds among multiple entities according to claim 5, characterized in that: The incentive adjustment unit, based on the market entity's historical performance, forecast accuracy, and adjustment contribution, uses a formula... Incentive adjustments are made to the basic allocation results, whereby... Indicates the first The incentive adjustment coefficient for each market entity This represents the excitation intensity parameter. Indicates the first The performance evaluation score of each market entity Indicates the current market entity number, after incentive correction: ,in Indicates the first The final cost-sharing ratio of each market entity after incentive adjustment. Indicates the first The dynamically adjusted apportionment ratio for each market entity. Indicates the first The incentive adjustment coefficient for each market entity This indicates the market entity number.

7. A multi-entity fair allocation and settlement device for electricity market imbalance funds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The settlement optimization module consists of an optimization objective construction unit, a constraint construction unit, an optimization solution unit, and a result correction unit. The optimization objective construction unit has a built-in optimization objective function. The goal is to establish a joint optimization objective that maximizes the fairness of cost-sharing, minimizes the differences in burden among stakeholders, and maximizes the rate of capital recovery. This represents the overall optimization target value. Indicates the fairness of the allocation. This represents the variance index of the subject's burden. Indicates risk cost indicators, This represents the fairness weighting coefficient. This represents the weighting coefficient for the variance. This represents the risk cost weighting coefficient and satisfies... + + =1; The constraint construction unit establishes capital balance constraints, entity affordability constraints, and market rule constraints, and the constraint construction unit contains a capital balance constraint formula. ,in Indicates the first The amount of unbalanced funds borne by each market entity This represents the total amount of unbalanced funds to be allocated. Indicates the total number of market entities. Indicates the market entity number, and the formula for the upper limit constraint of cost apportionment. ,in Indicates the first The amount of unbalanced funds borne by each market entity Indicates the first The maximum amount that each market entity is allowed to bear in terms of contribution. Indicates the market entity number; The optimization solution unit employs Shaoley value, cooperative game theory, linear programming, and two-level optimization algorithms for solution, using formulas. ,in Indicates the first Shapley contribution value of each market entity This represents the characteristic function in cooperative games. Indicates that it does not include the first Any alliance of market entities This represents the set of market entities participating in the cost-sharing. Indicates only the first A collection of market entities This indicates the removal of the first [entity] from the set of market entities. The set after each subject Representing the subject Join the alliance The new alliance that formed later Indicates alliance The responsibility contribution value for the formation of unbalanced funds, Representing the subject Join the alliance The subsequent responsibility contribution value, Indicates alliance The number of main entities in Indicates the market entity number; The result correction unit eliminates extreme allocation results, and the formula is as follows: ,in Indicates the first The revised apportionment amount for each market entity. Indicates the first The optimized allocation amount for each market entity. Represents the smoothing coefficient. This represents the average amount shared by all market participants. This indicates the market entity number.

8. The multi-entity fair allocation of electricity market imbalance funds settlement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The settlement output and supervision module includes an accounts receivable and payable calculation unit, a settlement clearing unit, a risk warning unit, an audit traceability unit, and a report generation unit; The accounts receivable and payable calculation unit calculates the final settlement amount for each entity using the final settlement amount calculation formula. ,in Indicates the first The final settlement amount for each market entity Indicates the first The amount receivable by each market entity Indicates the first The amount payable by each market entity Indicates the first The revised apportionment amount for each market entity. Indicates the market entity number; The settlement and clearing unit completes fund allocation and recovery, using a fund balance verification formula. ,in Indicates the first The amount of receivable for each market entity Indicates the first The amount payable by each market entity Indicates the total number of market entities. This indicates the market entity number.

9. A multi-entity fair allocation of electricity market imbalance funds settlement device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The risk warning unit identifies abnormal settlement situations, specifically through a comprehensive risk scoring formula. ,in Indicates the first A comprehensive risk score for each market entity. Indicates the first The degree of abnormality in the allocation of costs by individual market entities Indicates the first Risk index of capital fluctuations for individual market participants. Indicates the first Deviation rate of each market entity This represents the weighting coefficient for allocating the anomaly degree. This represents the risk weighting coefficient for capital fluctuations. This represents the deviation rate weighting coefficient. Indicates the market entity number and meets the following requirements. + + =1, and simultaneously matches the judgment rule, when If the risk level is greater than or equal to the risk warning threshold, a risk warning will be triggered.

10. A multi-entity fair allocation and settlement device for electricity market imbalance funds according to claim 9, characterized in that: The audit traceability unit records the source of funds, the division of responsibilities, and the allocation process; the report generation unit outputs the calculation result report.

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