Sensor, sensor assembly, and lung water monitoring system for lung water monitoring

Abstract

This application relates to the field of medical device technology, providing a sensor, sensor assembly, and pulmonary edema monitoring system for monitoring pulmonary edema. The sensor includes a housing and a core assembly. The housing has a receiving cavity; the core assembly is housed within the receiving cavity and includes an antenna backplate and a helical antenna arranged along a predetermined direction. The antenna backplate is electrically connected to the helical antenna, and the helical antenna has a first surface facing away from the antenna backplate. The core assembly further includes a first absorbing layer, a first high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer, and a second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer. The first and second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layers are located on opposite sides of the helical antenna, with the first high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer facing the first surface. The second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer and the first absorbing layer are located between the helical antenna and the antenna backplate, and the first absorbing layer is located between the second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer and the antenna backplate. The technical solution of this application can improve the accuracy of pulmonary edema index monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, to a sensor, sensor assembly, and lung effusion monitoring system for monitoring lung effusion. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the data obtained by measuring the fluid content in the lungs can serve as a valuable reference for disease early warning and diagnosis. For example, in some cases of heart failure, the heart pumps blood into the adjacent lobes of the lungs, so monitoring the fluid content in the lung lobes can serve as an early warning for heart function.

[0003] Against this backdrop, non-invasive lung water measurement technology has emerged. This technology emits low-frequency electromagnetic signals into the lungs and measures the dielectric properties of lung tissue, using the wave impedance method to calculate the lung water content. However, in previous sensors, the antenna was directly attached to the PCB board, which caused the antenna's radiation efficiency to decrease, thus affecting the accuracy of lung water monitoring indicators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a sensor and sensor assembly for lung effusion monitoring that can improve the accuracy of lung effusion index monitoring.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a sensor for monitoring pulmonary edema, comprising a housing and a core assembly. The housing has a receiving cavity; the core assembly is housed within the receiving cavity, the core assembly including an antenna backplate and a helical antenna arranged along a predetermined direction, the antenna backplate being electrically connected to the helical antenna, the helical antenna having a first surface facing away from the antenna backplate, the first surface being a transmitting surface or a receiving surface; wherein, the core assembly further includes a first absorbing layer, a first high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer and a second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer, the first high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer and the second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer being located on opposite sides of the helical antenna along the predetermined direction, the first high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer facing the first surface, the second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer and the first absorbing layer being located between the helical antenna and the antenna backplate, the first absorbing layer being located between the second high-dielectric-constant dielectric layer and the antenna backplate.

[0006] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the original bidirectional radiation of the spiral antenna would disperse energy. By using a second high dielectric constant dielectric layer to separate the antenna backplate from the spiral antenna, and symmetrically setting the first and second high dielectric constant dielectric layers on both sides of the spiral antenna, the spiral antenna can be placed in a symmetrical dielectric environment. The loads on both sides of the input impedance of the spiral antenna are symmetrical, which facilitates the design of wideband matching, thereby improving the transmission efficiency or reception efficiency of the spiral antenna, and thus improving the accuracy of non-invasive pulmonary edema index monitoring. The higher the dielectric constant, the smaller the wavelength and the higher the corresponding frequency. The characteristic of the Archimedes spiral antenna is that the high frequency point is in the center and the low frequency point is on the outside. Setting high dielectric constant dielectric layers at the front and back can increase the local dielectric constant around the spiral antenna, shorten the effective wavelength, and reduce the physical size of the spiral antenna while maintaining the same electrical performance. Meanwhile, any small amount of leaked backward electromagnetic waves will be completely absorbed by the first absorbing layer, preventing them from forming resonant clutter between the metal traces and grounding layer on the antenna backplane. This prevents clutter from backflowing back into the helical antenna and affecting the purity of the transmitted and received signals. The RF traces and chips on the antenna backplane will radiate electromagnetic noise outward. The first absorbing layer can directly absorb this noise, blocking it from entering the radiation area of ​​the helical antenna. This prevents noise from being superimposed on the weak received signal of lung water monitoring, thus improving the signal-to-noise ratio. The first absorbing layer can eliminate multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves in the cavity between the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer and the antenna backplane, avoiding the formation of additional multipath signal interference. This ensures that the electromagnetic wave path between the transmitting and receiving helical antennas completely corresponds to the lung tissue, making the measurement results of the dielectric properties of lung water more accurate.

[0007] In one embodiment, the antenna backplate is electrically connected to the helical antenna via a connecting wire, the connecting wire being soldered to the first surface and forming a soldered portion protruding from the first surface; a receiving groove is provided on the side of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer facing the first surface, and at least a portion of the soldered portion is received within the receiving groove.

[0008] In the implementation of the above technical solution, since the connecting line needs to be welded to the transmitting or receiving surface of the helical antenna, i.e., the first surface, a welding area protruding from the first surface will be formed after welding. Therefore, in order to ensure that the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer fits the helical antenna and avoids gaps between the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer and the helical antenna, a receiving groove for accommodating the welding part is set in the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer. This allows the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer to fit the helical antenna, eliminates the uncertainty of the intermediate medium, and ensures that the impedance matching design of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer is accurately effective. This ensures that the electromagnetic wave radiated from the helical antenna directly enters the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer and smoothly transitions to human tissue according to the preset wave impedance, achieving low-loss wave transmission and ensuring that the beam is directionally focused on the lung area.

[0009] In one embodiment, the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer is provided with a first through hole, which penetrates the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer along the preset direction; the first absorbing layer is provided with a second through hole, which penetrates the first absorbing layer along the preset direction; the helical antenna is provided with a third through hole, which penetrates the helical antenna along the preset direction; and the connecting wire passes through the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole.

[0010] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the connection path between the connection line and the helical antenna is shortened by passing the connecting line through the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole in sequence. The connecting line does not need to be welded to the helical antenna along the radial direction of the helical antenna, thereby reducing the space occupied by the connecting line and meeting the requirements of sensor miniaturization.

[0011] In one embodiment, the core component includes a metal housing, which includes a bottom wall and a side wall. The bottom wall is disposed at one end of the side wall along the preset direction, and the end of the side wall away from the bottom wall has an opening. The side wall and the bottom wall enclose an accommodating space. The first absorbing layer, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer are all located within the accommodating space. The inner surface of the bottom wall and the inner surface of the side wall are both provided with a second absorbing layer.

[0012] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the metal shell has a accommodating space, and the first absorbing layer, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer are all located within the accommodating space. The metal shell can support and protect the first absorbing layer, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer. At the same time, the metal shell itself has the function of reflecting electromagnetic waves. The second absorbing layer is provided on the inner surface of the bottom wall and the inner surface of the side wall, thereby preventing electromagnetic waves from being reflected after passing through the metal shell and interfering with the helical antenna.

[0013] In one embodiment, a third wave-absorbing layer is provided on the outer surface of both the bottom wall and the outer surface of the side wall.

[0014] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the third absorbing layer can absorb electromagnetic waves from outside the metal casing, thereby preventing electromagnetic waves from outside the metal casing from interfering with the helical antenna inside the metal casing.

[0015] In one embodiment, a heating element is provided on the side of the antenna backplate away from the helical antenna, and a spacer is provided between the bottom wall and the antenna backplate, the spacer being used to separate the bottom wall from the heating element.

[0016] In the implementation of the above technical solution, since the antenna backplate is provided with a protruding heating element, and the side of the antenna backplate with the heating element faces the bottom wall, the side of the antenna backplate facing the bottom wall is uneven. If the bottom wall directly contacts the heating element, it is impossible to make the bottom wall and the antenna backplate make parallel contact. Therefore, in order to make the antenna backplate and the bottom wall more stable, a spacer is provided between the bottom wall and the antenna backplate. By utilizing the thickness of the spacer, after the bottom wall and the spacer are attached, the bottom wall and the antenna backplate are in a parallel position relationship.

[0017] In one embodiment, the metal housing has a flange, the sensor includes a clamping member, the clamping member is installed inside the housing, the housing includes a mounting portion disposed opposite to the clamping member along the preset direction, and the flange is sandwiched between the clamping member and the mounting portion.

[0018] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the metal shell has a flange, which is fixed by a clamping component to improve the stability between the metal shell and the outer shell.

[0019] In one embodiment, the housing is provided with a window, the core component includes a panel, the panel is located on the side of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer away from the helical antenna and closes the window, the dielectric loss of the panel is less than the dielectric loss of the housing; the panel includes a limiting part, the limiting part is clamped between the clamping member and the mounting part.

[0020] In the implementation of the above technical solution, since the outer shell is generally made of PVC plastic, which has a large loss of electromagnetic waves, a window is provided on the side of the outer shell facing the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer, and a panel is provided at the position of the window. The dielectric loss of the panel is less than that of the outer shell, which can reduce the loss of electromagnetic waves and thus improve the accuracy of lung water monitoring. In addition, the limiting part of the panel can clamp the mounting part and the clamping part, thereby fixing the panel.

[0021] In one embodiment, a fourth wave-absorbing layer is provided between the limiting part and the flange part, and / or a fifth wave-absorbing layer is provided between the clamping member and the flange part.

[0022] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the fourth and fifth absorbing layers can absorb electromagnetic waves outside the flange, thereby preventing electromagnetic waves outside the flange from interfering with the helical antenna inside the metal shell.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a sensor assembly comprising two sensors for monitoring lung fluid as described in the first aspect, wherein one of the sensors is configured as a front sensor and the other sensor is configured as a rear sensor, the rear sensor being used to transmit electromagnetic waves through the human lungs to the front sensor, and the front sensor being used to receive the electromagnetic waves through the human lungs.

[0024] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the front and rear sensors work together to allow electromagnetic waves to pass through the human body. The analysis by the control module on the first circuit board then provides the patient's pulmonary edema index, thus achieving the purpose of non-invasive monitoring.

[0025] In one embodiment, the housing of the rear sensor is provided with a fixing part for connecting to a fixing plate on a wearable garment.

[0026] In the implementation of the above technical solution, a fixing plate is set on the wearable clothing and a fixing part is set on the housing of the rear sensor, so that the rear sensor can be fixed on the fixing plate, which is convenient to operate, does not require the guidance of medical personnel, and meets the daily home monitoring needs.

[0027] In one embodiment, the sensor assembly includes an indicator for determining the position of the front sensor, the indicator being detachably connected to the front sensor.

[0028] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the indicator is used to determine the position of the front sensor. Once the position is determined, the indicator is removed from the front sensor and placed inside the clothing to avoid accidentally touching the indicator during monitoring, which would affect the monitoring of the front sensor.

[0029] In one embodiment, the indicator includes a main body and an annular body connected to the main body, one end of the main body having a buckle; the housing of the front sensor has a card interface, and the buckle engages with the card interface.

[0030] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the buckle on the main body is for easy engagement with the housing of the front sensor, and the ring body is for determining the position of the front sensor, so that monitoring can be carried out at home without the need for medical personnel to specify.

[0031] In one embodiment, the card interface is disposed on the outer periphery of the housing of the front sensor, and a portion of the main body and the annular body are located on the outside of the housing of the front sensor.

[0032] In the implementation of the above technical solution, the indicator includes a main body and a ring body. When worn, the finger passes through the ring body and touches the marked position on the sternum, thereby adjusting the position of the front sensor device and improving the accuracy of monitoring. In addition, daily home monitoring does not require the participation and guidance of medical personnel. The main body and the front sensor are connected by a snap-fit, which is convenient for disassembly and installation.

[0033] Thirdly, this application provides a lung effusion monitoring system, including the sensor assembly described in the second aspect. The lung effusion monitoring system further includes a wearable garment and a main unit. The wearable garment is provided with a main unit base. The front sensor and the rear sensor are both fixed to the wearable garment. The front sensor and the rear sensor are both electrically connected to a first circuit board inside the main unit base. The control module on the first circuit board is used to analyze lung effusion indicators. The rear sensor is used to emit electromagnetic waves into the human lungs, and the front sensor is used to receive the electromagnetic waves.

[0034] In the implementation of the above technical solution, after the patient puts on the dressing at home, based on the BMI value, adjusts the position of the rear sensor, then places their finger through the ring body to the sternum to mark the position, determines the position of the front sensor, connects the main unit to the main unit base, and presses the power switch and measurement button on the main unit. The power module inside the main unit supplies power to the first circuit board, and the monitoring of lung water indicators can begin. This lung water monitoring system meets the needs of daily home monitoring and does not require the participation of professional medical staff. It can monitor lung water content without being in a hospital or under the operation or guidance of professional medical staff. At the same time, the monitoring main unit is small in size and does not need to be carried by hand, which meets the needs of daily home monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor from different perspectives provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor from other perspectives provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the lung effusion monitoring system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the lung effusion monitoring system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front sensor provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the host structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 These are schematic diagrams of the host structure from different perspectives provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is an exploded structural diagram of the host provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Icons: 1-Outer shell; 11-First shell; 111-Mounting part; 112-Window; 2-Antenna backplate; 3-Helical antenna; 31-Third through-hole; 4-First absorbing layer; 41-Second through-hole; 5-First high dielectric constant dielectric layer; 51-Receiving groove; 6-Second high dielectric constant dielectric layer; 61-First through-hole; 7-Metal shell; 71-Bottom wall; 72-Side wall; 721-Flange; 723-Protrusion; 8-Second absorbing layer; 9-Third absorbing layer; 1 0-Spacer; 12-Clamping component; 13-Panel; 131-Limiting part; 14-Fourth wave-absorbing layer; 15-Fifth wave-absorbing layer; 16-Main unit; 161-Second circuit board; 162-First connector; 163-Battery module; 17-Wearable garment; 171-Main unit base; 172-Second connector; 173-Fixing plate; 1731-Gear position; 18-Front sensor; 181-Indicator; 182-Card interface; 19-Rear sensor; 191-Fixing part. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] The non-invasive lung edema monitoring sensor contains an antenna and a PCB board. However, in the past, the antenna and PCB board were directly attached together. The PCB board contains copper traces, components and grounding layers. Being close to the back of the antenna will form parasitic capacitance and absorb some radio frequency energy, resulting in a decrease in the antenna's transmission and reception efficiency. In addition, the dielectric constant of the PCB board is unstable, which will interfere with the accurate detection of the dielectric properties of lung tissue by low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0041] Therefore, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sensor for monitoring lung effusion, including a housing 1 and a core assembly. The housing 1 has a receiving cavity; the core assembly is housed in the receiving cavity, and the core assembly includes an antenna backplate 2 and a helical antenna 3 arranged along a preset direction. The antenna backplate 2 is electrically connected to the helical antenna 3, and the helical antenna 3 has a first surface facing away from the antenna backplate 2. The first surface is either a transmitting surface or a receiving surface. The core assembly further includes a first absorbing layer 4, a first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5, and a second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6. Along the preset direction, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 are located on opposite sides of the helical antenna 3. The first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 faces the first surface, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 and the first absorbing layer 4 are located between the helical antenna 3 and the antenna backplate 2. The first absorbing layer 4 is located between the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 and the antenna backplate 2.

[0042] Optionally, the antenna backplane 2 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board).

[0043] High dielectric constant dielectric layer is an industry term in the semiconductor and electronic component manufacturing field, specifically referring to an insulating dielectric layer with a dielectric constant significantly higher than that of traditional materials (such as SiO2, k≈3.9).

[0044] The spiral antenna 3 can be an Archimedes spiral antenna 3.

[0045] The preset direction is the thickness direction of the helical antenna 3.

[0046] The first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 can be made of ceramic materials, metal oxide semiconductor materials such as chromium oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide, or polymer composite materials.

[0047] When the sensor is used as the front sensor 18, the first surface of the spiral antenna 3 is the receiving surface. Since the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 is disposed on the receiving surface of the spiral antenna 3, the dielectric constant of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 can be selected from a low-loss microwave ceramic sheet that is close to the dielectric properties of human surface tissue (muscle, skin) to ensure a smooth transition of wave impedance; the thickness can be calculated according to the matching criterion of 1 / 4 of the working wavelength. Combined with the low-frequency band of non-invasive lung edema monitoring, the thickness is 2~5mm, reducing the interface reflectivity to within 5%; In principle, when the sensor is used as the rear sensor 19, the first surface of the spiral antenna 3 is the emitting surface. Since the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 is set on the emitting surface of the spiral antenna 3, the dielectric constant of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 can be selected as a low-loss microwave ceramic sheet that is close to the dielectric properties of human surface tissue (muscle, skin) to ensure a smooth transition of wave impedance. The thickness can be calculated according to the matching criterion of 1 / 4 working wavelength. Combined with the low frequency band of non-invasive lung water monitoring, the thickness is 2~5mm, which reduces the interface reflectivity to within 5%.

[0048] When the sensor is used as the front sensor 18, the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 is disposed on the back side of the receiving surface of the helical antenna 3. The dielectric constant of the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 can be selected from a ceramic sheet with a high dielectric constant. At the same time, the thickness can be designed according to the reflection criterion of 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, usually between 3 and 6 mm, to ensure reflection phase matching and avoid backward energy leakage. A metallized ground layer can be reserved on the back side of the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 to further enhance the reflection shielding effect. Similarly, when the sensor is used as the rear sensor 19, the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 is disposed on the back side of the transmitting surface of the helical antenna 3. The dielectric constant of the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 can be selected from a ceramic sheet with a high dielectric constant. At the same time, the thickness can be designed according to the reflection criterion of 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, usually between 3 and 6 mm, to ensure reflection phase matching and avoid backward energy leakage. A metallized ground layer can be reserved on the back side of the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 to further enhance the reflection shielding effect.

[0049] In this embodiment, the original bidirectional radiation of the spiral antenna 3 would disperse energy. By separating the antenna backplate 2 and the spiral antenna 3 through the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spiral antenna 3, which can make the spiral antenna 3 in a symmetrical dielectric environment. The loads on both sides of the input impedance of the spiral antenna 3 are symmetrical, which facilitates the design of wideband matching, thereby improving the transmission efficiency or reception efficiency of the spiral antenna 3, and thus improving the accuracy of non-invasive lung edema index monitoring. The higher the dielectric constant, the smaller the wavelength and the higher the corresponding frequency. The characteristic of the Archimedes spiral antenna is that the high frequency point is in the center and the low frequency point is on the outside. The high dielectric constant dielectric layer is set at the front and back, which can increase the local dielectric constant around the spiral antenna 3, shorten the effective wavelength, and reduce the physical size of the spiral antenna 3 while maintaining the same electrical performance. Meanwhile, a small amount of leaked backward electromagnetic waves will be completely absorbed by the first absorbing layer 4, preventing them from forming resonant clutter between the metal traces and grounding layer of the antenna backplane 2, and preventing clutter from back-linking back to the spiral antenna 3 and affecting the purity of the transmitted and received signals. The radio frequency traces and chips on the antenna backplane 2 will radiate electromagnetic noise outward. The first absorbing layer 4 can directly absorb this noise and block it from entering the radiation area of ​​the spiral antenna 3, preventing noise from being superimposed on the weak received signal of lung water monitoring and improving the monitoring signal-to-noise ratio. The first absorbing layer 4 can eliminate multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves in the cavity between the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 and the antenna backplane 2, avoiding the formation of additional multipath signal interference, ensuring that the electromagnetic wave path between the transmitting spiral antenna 3 and the receiving spiral antenna 3 completely corresponds to the lung tissue, making the measurement results of the dielectric properties of lung water more accurate.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the antenna backplate 2 and the helical antenna 3 are electrically connected by a connecting line. The connecting line is soldered to the first surface and forms a solder part protruding from the first surface. A receiving groove 51 is provided on the side of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 facing the first surface, and at least a portion of the solder part is received in the receiving groove 51.

[0051] The connecting wire can be soldered to the helical antenna 3 to form a solder part protruding from the first surface. The solder can be tin-lead solder wire or lead-free tin-silver-copper solder wire.

[0052] One end of the connecting wire is connected to the antenna backplate 2, and the other end is connected to the helical antenna 3.

[0053] The connecting wire can be wound from the side away from the first surface to the side of the first surface and welded to the first surface radially along the spiral antenna 3, or it can be welded directly to the first surface axially along the spiral antenna 3 from the side away from the first surface.

[0054] In this embodiment, since the connecting wire needs to be welded to the transmitting or receiving surface of the helical antenna 3, i.e., the first surface, a welding area protruding from the first surface will be formed after welding. Therefore, in order to ensure that the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 fits with the helical antenna 3 and avoids the gap between the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 and the helical antenna 3, a receiving groove 51 for accommodating the welding part is provided in the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5. This allows the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 to fit with the helical antenna 3, eliminates the uncertainty of the intermediate medium, and ensures that the impedance matching design of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 is accurately effective. This ensures that the electromagnetic wave radiated from the helical antenna 3 directly enters the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 and smoothly transitions to human tissue according to the preset wave impedance, achieving low-loss wave transmission and ensuring that the beam is directionally focused on the lung area.

[0055] like Figure 3 and 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 is provided with a first through hole 61, which penetrates the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 along a preset direction; the first absorbing layer 4 is provided with a second through hole 41, which penetrates the first absorbing layer 4 along a preset direction; the helical antenna 3 is provided with a third through hole 31, which penetrates the helical antenna 3 along a preset direction; and the connecting wire passes through the first through hole 61, the second through hole 41, and the third through hole 31.

[0056] In this embodiment, the connection path between the connecting wire and the helical antenna 3 is shortened by passing the connecting wire through the first through hole 61, the second through hole 41 and the third through hole 31 in sequence. The connecting wire does not need to be welded to the helical antenna 3 along the radial direction of the helical antenna 3, thereby reducing the space occupied by the connecting wire and meeting the requirements of sensor miniaturization.

[0057] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the core component includes a metal housing 7, which includes a bottom wall 71 and a side wall 72. The bottom wall 71 is disposed at one end of the side wall 72 along a predetermined direction, and the end of the side wall 72 away from the bottom wall 71 has an opening. The side wall 72 and the bottom wall 71 enclose an accommodating space. The first absorbing layer 4, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 are all located within the accommodating space. The inner surface of the bottom wall 71 and the inner surface of the side wall 72 are both provided with a second absorbing layer 8.

[0058] Optionally, the second absorbing layer 8 can be configured in multiple layers.

[0059] The second absorbing layer 8, which is connected to the inner surface of the sidewall 72, can be attached to the sidewall 72 by adhesive.

[0060] Optionally, the sidewall 72 is a cylindrical structure that extends along the axial direction. The bottom wall 71 and the sidewall 72 can be two independent components. This facilitates the placement of layered structures (such as the helical antenna 3, the first absorbing layer 4, the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5, and the antenna backplate 2, etc.) one by one inside the sidewall 72, and finally, the bottom wall 71 covers one end of the sidewall 72. Of course, the bottom wall 71 can also be designed as a structure that can be flipped relative to the sidewall 72.

[0061] In this embodiment, the metal casing 7 has an accommodating space, within which the first absorbing layer 4, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6 are all located. The metal casing 7 can support and protect the first absorbing layer 4, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5, and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6. At the same time, the metal casing 7 itself has the function of reflecting electromagnetic waves. Both the side wall 72 and the bottom wall 71 can reflect electromagnetic waves, preventing electromagnetic waves from being exposed. The inner surface of the bottom wall 71 and the inner surface of the side wall 72 are provided with second absorbing layers 8, thereby preventing electromagnetic waves from being reflected after passing through the metal casing 7 and interfering with the helical antenna 3.

[0062] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, a third absorbing layer 9 is provided on the outer surface of the bottom wall 71 and the outer surface of the side wall 72.

[0063] The third absorbing layer 9 may also include two parts: the first part is bonded to the outer surface of the sidewall 72 by adhesive, and the second part is bonded to the outer surface of the bottom wall 71 by adhesive.

[0064] The third absorbing layer 9 can be configured with multiple layers to increase the absorbing effect.

[0065] Along the axial direction of the sidewall 72, a positioning notch is provided at the end of the sidewall 72 away from the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5. The antenna backplate 2 is partially engaged with the positioning notch, thereby enabling the antenna backplate 2 to be positioned.

[0066] The part of the antenna backplate 2 that is snapped into the positioning notch can be connected by an RF cable, and the other end of the RF cable is connected to the first circuit board on the wearable garment 17, thereby realizing the connection between the sensor and the first circuit board.

[0067] In this embodiment, the third absorbing layer 9 can absorb electromagnetic waves outside the metal casing 7, thereby preventing electromagnetic waves outside the metal casing 7 from interfering with the helical antenna 3 inside the metal casing 7.

[0068] Although the metal casing 7 mentioned above has the function of reflecting electromagnetic waves, it cannot reflect all electromagnetic waves. Therefore, a third wave-absorbing layer 9 is set on the outer surface of the metal casing 7, which is equivalent to playing a dual anti-interference role for the spiral antenna 3 in the containment space.

[0069] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, a heating element is provided on the side of the antenna back plate 2 away from the helical antenna 3, and a spacer 10 is provided between the bottom wall 71 and the antenna back plate 2. The spacer 10 is used to separate the bottom wall 71 and the heating element.

[0070] The heating element is the chip on the antenna backplate 2.

[0071] Since the heat-generating element is generally located in the central area of ​​the antenna backplate 2, the spacer 10 can be a non-closed ring and be attached to the second absorbing layer 8, which can reduce interference with the heat-generating element.

[0072] The thickness of the spacer 10 along the preset direction should be greater than the distance by which the heating element protrudes from the antenna back plate 2, so as to avoid the bottom wall 71 directly contacting the heating element.

[0073] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of protrusions 723 are provided at the end of the sidewall 72 away from the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5. The protrusions 723 protrude along the axial direction of the sidewall 72. Since the protrusions 723 protrude from one end of the sidewall 72, after the third absorbing layer 9 is assembled, the protrusions 723 can be bent toward the third absorbing layer 9 so that the protrusions 723 abut against the surface of the third absorbing layer 9. The protrusions 723 cooperate with the antenna backplate 2 to fix and clamp the spacer 10, the second absorbing layer 8 in the preset direction, the bottom wall 71 and the third absorbing layer 9 in the preset direction.

[0074] In this embodiment, since the antenna backplate 2 is provided with a heating element protruding from the surface, the side of the antenna backplate 2 with the heating element faces the bottom wall 71, causing the side of the antenna backplate 2 facing the bottom wall 71 to be uneven. If the bottom wall 71 directly contacts the heating element, it is impossible to make the bottom wall 71 and the antenna backplate 2 in parallel contact. Therefore, in order to make the antenna backplate 2 and the bottom wall 71 more stable, a spacer 10 is provided between the bottom wall 71 and the antenna backplate 2. By utilizing the thickness of the spacer 10, after the bottom wall 71 and the spacer 10 are attached, the bottom wall 71 and the antenna backplate 2 are in a parallel position relationship.

[0075] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment, the metal housing 7 has a flange portion 721, the sensor includes a clamping member 12, the clamping member 12 is installed inside the housing 1, the housing 1 includes a mounting portion 111 disposed opposite to the clamping member 12 in a preset direction, and the flange portion 721 is sandwiched between the clamping member 12 and the mounting portion 111.

[0076] The clamping element 12 can be two semi-circular parts or a complete circular structure.

[0077] The side wall 72 is provided with a flange 721, which extends radially outward along the side wall 72.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, optionally, the outer casing 1 includes a first casing 11 and a second casing that are interlocked with each other. The first casing 11 has a mounting portion 111. The end of the first casing 11 away from the second casing is a first end face. A window 112 is provided on the first end face. The area of ​​the first end face that is not the window 112 is the mounting portion 111.

[0079] The clamping member 12 can be connected to the first housing 11 by fasteners, thereby achieving clamping and fixing between the metal housing 7 and the mounting part 111.

[0080] In this embodiment, the metal housing 7 has a flange 721, which is fixed by the clamping member 12 to improve the stability between the metal housing 7 and the outer shell 1.

[0081] like Figure 2 and 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the outer casing 1 is provided with a window 112, and the core component includes a panel 13. The panel 13 is located on the side of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 away from the helical antenna 3 and closes the window 112. The dielectric loss of the panel 13 is less than that of the outer casing 1. The panel 13 includes a limiting part 131, which is clamped between the clamping member 12 and the mounting part 111.

[0082] Dielectric loss refers to the energy consumed by a dielectric material per unit time under the influence of an electric field. In other words, when electromagnetic waves pass through panel 13 and outer casing 1, panel 13 experiences less loss, while outer casing 1 experiences greater loss.

[0083] The panel 13 can be made of POM-C (polyoxymethylene copolymer), or other materials with low dielectric loss. The outer shell 1 can be made of PVC.

[0084] like Figure 5 and 8As shown, panel 13 includes a snap-fit ​​portion and a limiting portion 131 connected to the snap-fit ​​portion. The shape of the snap-fit ​​portion corresponds to that of window 112. The snap-fit ​​portion protrudes from the surface of the limiting portion 131 and can be embedded in window 112. A groove will be formed on the side of the snap-fit ​​portion facing the side wall 72. One end of the side wall 72 can be inserted into the groove to achieve positioning.

[0085] The first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 can be connected to the panel 13 via double-sided adhesive tape.

[0086] The components between the panel 13 and the antenna back plate 2 can be clamped and fixed by the panel 13 and the antenna back plate 2.

[0087] In this embodiment, since the outer shell 1 is generally made of PVC plastic, which has a large loss of electromagnetic waves, a window 112 is provided on the side of the outer shell 1 facing the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5, and a panel 13 is provided at the position of the window 112. The dielectric loss of the panel 13 is less than that of the outer shell 1, which can reduce the loss of electromagnetic waves and thus improve the accuracy of lung water monitoring. In addition, the limiting part 131 of the panel 13 can clamp the mounting part 111 and the clamping member 12, thereby fixing the panel 13.

[0088] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, a fourth wave-absorbing layer 14 is provided between the limiting part 131 and the flange part 721, and / or a fifth wave-absorbing layer 15 is provided between the clamping member 12 and the flange part 721.

[0089] In this embodiment, the fourth absorbing layer 14 and the fifth absorbing layer 15 can absorb electromagnetic waves outside the flange 721, thereby preventing electromagnetic waves outside the flange 721 from interfering with the helical antenna 3 inside the metal housing 7.

[0090] like Figure 9 As shown, in a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sensor assembly including two sensors for monitoring lung effusion provided in the first aspect, one sensor being configured as a front sensor 18 and the other sensor being configured as a rear sensor 19. The rear sensor 19 is used to transmit electromagnetic waves through the human lungs to the front sensor 18, and the front sensor 18 is used to receive electromagnetic waves through the human lungs.

[0091] The radio frequency module (not shown in the figure) on the first circuit board inside the main unit 171 emits a series of radio frequency signals. The radio frequency signals are transmitted to the rear sensor 19 through the first radio frequency line. The spiral antenna 3 inside the rear sensor 19 changes the direction of electromagnetic wave emission, causing it to propagate in space. After passing through the human lungs, it is received by the front sensor 18. The collected radio frequency signals are then transmitted to the radio frequency module through the second radio frequency line. The control module on the first circuit board performs a series of data processing to form a closed loop.

[0092] In the blood, lung parenchyma, and air within the lungs, water has a very high dielectric constant, while air has the lowest, a significant difference. This difference causes variations in the wave impedance values ​​of different lung components to electromagnetic waves. By measuring the dielectric properties of lung tissue, the control module uses the wave impedance method to calculate the lung water content.

[0093] The higher the dielectric constant, the lower the wave impedance, and the more significant the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the medium.

[0094] Both the front sensor 18 and the rear sensor 19 use the same internal structure with a first high dielectric constant dielectric layer 5 and a second high dielectric constant dielectric layer 6. There is no need to customize separate helical antennas 3 for transmitting and receiving. This ensures that the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmitting and receiving links are completely symmetrical, eliminates system measurement errors caused by structural differences, and makes the monitoring results of the dielectric properties of lung water more accurate.

[0095] The spiral antenna 3 inside the rear sensor 19 changes the direction of electromagnetic wave emission, causing it to propagate directionally in space, pass through the human lungs, and be received by the front sensor 18.

[0096] Optionally, the rear sensor 19 emits low-frequency electromagnetic waves. This utilizes the change in electrical impedance when low-frequency electromagnetic waves pass through chest tissue. As the water content of lung tissue increases, the electrical impedance decreases. The lower the frequency, the greater the penetration depth, enabling it to penetrate multiple layers of tissue such as skin, fat, muscle, and bone to reach the lungs.

[0097] Targeted propagation aims to focus on the measurement path and reduce interference from other organizations.

[0098] In this embodiment, the front sensor 18 and the rear sensor 19 work together to allow electromagnetic waves to pass through the human body. The control module then analyzes the data to provide the patient's pulmonary edema index, thus achieving the purpose of non-invasive monitoring.

[0099] like Figure 9 and 10 As shown, in one embodiment, the housing of the rear sensor 19 is provided with a fixing part 191 for connecting to the fixing plate 173 on the wearable garment 17.

[0100] like Figure 10As shown, the wearable garment 17 is equipped with a fixing plate 173. The fixing part 191 includes multiple positions 1731 set on the fixing plate 173. The fixing part 191 can be fixed on different positions 1731. The multiple positions 1731 are arranged in three rows in the horizontal direction and two rows in the vertical direction, forming a two-dimensional position matrix 1731. The six positions 1731 can cover people with different BMI values, improving the accuracy of monitoring. Taller patients can use the lowest row of positions 1731, medium-height patients can use the middle row of positions 1731, and shorter patients can use the top row of positions 1731. The patient's BMI value can be calculated using existing software or programs.

[0101] The fixing part 191 also includes Velcro, that is, after the rear sensor 19 is adjusted in position, it is attached to the fixing plate 173 by Velcro.

[0102] In this embodiment, a fixing plate 173 is provided on the wearable garment 17, and a fixing part 191 is provided on the housing of the rear sensor 19, so that the rear sensor 19 can be fixed on the fixing plate 173, which is convenient to operate, does not require guidance from medical personnel, and meets the daily home monitoring needs.

[0103] like Figure 11 As shown, in one embodiment, the sensor assembly includes an indicator 181 for determining the position of the front sensor 18, the indicator 181 being detachably connected to the front sensor 18.

[0104] The front of the wearable garment 17 is provided with a storage bag, and a front sensor 18 is provided inside the storage bag. The front sensor 18 and the storage bag can be attached by Velcro. An indicator 181 extends from inside the storage bag to the outside of the storage bag, so that the patient can locate the front sensor 18 by using the indicator 181.

[0105] When the current sensing device is inside the containment bag, the indicator 181 extends toward the clavicle.

[0106] In this embodiment, the indicator 181 is used to determine the position of the front sensor 18. Once the position is determined, the indicator 181 is removed from the front sensor 18 and placed inside the garment 17 to avoid accidentally touching the indicator 181 during the monitoring process, which would also affect the monitoring of the front sensor 18.

[0107] In one embodiment, the indicator 181 includes a main body and an annular body connected to the main body, one end of the main body having a buckle; the housing 1 of the front sensor 18 has a card interface 182, and the buckle engages with the card interface 182.

[0108] In this embodiment, the buckle on the main body is for easy engagement with the outer shell 1 of the front sensor 18, and the ring body is for determining the position of the front sensor 18, so that monitoring can be carried out at home without the need for medical personnel to specify.

[0109] like Figure 6 and 11 As shown, in one embodiment, the card interface 182 is disposed on the outer periphery of the housing 1 of the front sensor 18, and a portion of the main body and the annular body are located on the outside of the housing 1 of the front sensor 18.

[0110] The sternum, as the central anterior wall structure of the thoracic cavity, and the clavicle, as the connecting bone at the upper edge of the thoracic cavity, together form the anatomical boundary of the lungs in front and above. The lungs fill the thoracic cavity space behind the sternum and below the clavicle. Together, the three maintain the shape of the thoracic cavity and the normal respiratory movement of the lungs.

[0111] In this embodiment, the indicator 181 includes a main body and an annular body. When worn, the finger passes through the annular body and touches the marked position on the sternum, thereby adjusting the position of the front sensor device and improving the accuracy of monitoring. In addition, daily home monitoring does not require the participation and guidance of medical personnel. The main body and the front sensor 18 are connected by a snap-fit, which is convenient for disassembly and installation.

[0112] like Figure 9 , 10 As shown in 12 and 13, in a third aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a lung effusion monitoring system, including the sensor assembly provided in the second aspect. The lung effusion monitoring system further includes a wearable garment 17 and a main unit 16. A main unit base 171 is provided on the wearable garment 17. A front sensor 18 and a rear sensor 19 are both fixed to the wearable garment 17. Both the front sensor 18 and the rear sensor 19 are electrically connected to a first circuit board inside the main unit base 171. A control module on the first circuit board is used to analyze lung effusion indicators. The rear sensor 19 is used to emit electromagnetic waves to the human lungs, and the front sensor 18 is used to receive electromagnetic waves.

[0113] The main unit 171 can be fixed to the wearable garment 17 by adhesive.

[0114] The control module on the first circuit board is used to analyze lung effusion indicators. The radio frequency module on the first circuit board can be electrically connected to the front sensor 18 and the rear sensor 19 via the front sensor radio frequency line and the rear sensor radio frequency line, respectively.

[0115] Optionally, after the patient puts on the garment 17, the front sensor 18 is placed on the front side of the patient's right lung, and the rear sensor 19 is placed on the back side of the patient's right lung. That is, in this embodiment, the front sensor 18 and the rear sensor 19 are located on the front and back sides of the patient's right lung, respectively. This is because the left lung is close to the heart, and the tissue structures of the lung and the heart are quite different, which will interfere with the signal and affect the measurement results. Moreover, the beating of the heart itself will also affect the fit of the sensor.

[0116] The rear sensor 19 transmits low-power, low-frequency electromagnetic signals into the human chest cavity through its internal helical antenna 3. The front sensor 18 receives the signals after they pass through the chest cavity and measures the following parameters: amplitude attenuation, phase change, and impedance value. The control module uses the wave impedance method to inversely deduce the equivalent dielectric constant of the lung tissue based on the measured signal changes. The calculated equivalent dielectric constant of the lung is then converted into lung water content through a calibration model, such as the Debye-Maxwell model + Cole-Cole equation, to calculate the dielectric parameters of lung tissue under different water contents. Using multilayer transmission line theory, the interference from skin, fat, and muscle is peeled off layer by layer to extract the net lung signal.

[0117] Of course, the calculation process also involves corresponding interference sources, such as skin, fat, muscle, bone and heart. Skin can be compensated by removing interface reflections using average subtraction. Fat is compensated by estimating its thickness through phase delay using its low attenuation characteristics. Muscle, as a high attenuation layer, eliminates individual differences through baseline calibration. Bone is modeled as a transparent layer using its low conductivity and high penetration characteristics. The heart is compensated by using time-domain gating and adaptive noise cancellation.

[0118] The front sensor 18 is connected to the first circuit board via a first radio frequency line, and the rear sensor 19 is connected to the first circuit board via a second radio frequency line.

[0119] The wearable garment 17 has a sandwich layer, and the first radio frequency line and the second radio frequency line can both be embedded in the sandwich layer.

[0120] like Figure 12 and 14As shown, the main unit 16 includes a first connector 162 and a second circuit board 161 inside the main unit 16. The chip on the second circuit board 161 can control functions such as power, Bluetooth, sound, and display. The first connector 162 is electrically connected to the second circuit board 161, and a battery module 163 is provided inside the main unit 16. The battery module 163 is electrically connected to the second circuit board 161. The main unit base 171 is provided with a second connector 172, which is electrically connected to the first circuit board. When the main unit 16 is snapped into place with the main unit base 171, the first connector 162 can be inserted into the second connector 172, so that the battery module 163 can provide power to the first circuit board, thereby realizing the measurement of lung water indicators. The main unit 16 can also be detached from the main unit base 171 to achieve independent charging of the main unit 16. It is convenient to operate and can be monitored at home.

[0121] The main unit 16 is equipped with a power switch and a measurement button. Both the power switch and the measurement button are electrically connected to the second circuit board 161. The power switch can control the main unit 16 to turn on and off, while the measurement button can perform measurements after the main unit 16 is turned on. This enables home monitoring of lung effusion indicators without the need for medical personnel to provide guidance, making it easy to operate.

[0122] Meanwhile, since the control module for analyzing lung effusion indicators is located inside the main unit 171, and the main unit 171 is installed on the wearable garment 17, analyzing lung effusion indicators requires a large circuit board. By transferring the circuit board to the wearable garment 17, the main unit 16 does not need to integrate a large circuit board, thereby reducing the size of the main unit 16 and meeting the miniaturization requirements of the main unit 16. It also eliminates the need to carry the main unit 16 by hand. Furthermore, the main unit 16 and the main unit 171 are plugged into each other to connect the power supply, which enables daily home monitoring of lung effusion indicators. Patients do not need to go to the hospital for lung effusion indicator monitoring, nor does it require the involvement and guidance of medical staff, making it easy to operate.

[0123] In this embodiment, after the patient puts on the dressing garment 17 at home, based on the BMI value, the position of the rear sensor 19 is adjusted, and then the finger is inserted through the ring body to mark the position on the sternum to determine the position of the front sensor 18. The main unit 16 is then connected to the main unit base 171. The power switch and measurement button on the main unit 16 are pressed, and the power module inside the main unit 16 supplies power to the first circuit board, so that the monitoring of lung water indicators can begin. This lung water monitoring system meets the needs of daily home monitoring and does not require the participation of professional medical staff. It can monitor lung water content without the need for hospitalization and operation or guidance by professional medical staff. Meanwhile, the monitoring host 16 is compact in size and does not need to be carried by hand, meeting the needs of daily home monitoring. The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0124] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0125] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A sensor for monitoring lung effusion, characterized in that, include: The outer shell (1) has a receiving cavity; A core component is housed in the receiving cavity. The core component includes an antenna backplate (2) and a helical antenna (3) arranged along a preset direction. The antenna backplate (2) is electrically connected to the helical antenna (3). The helical antenna (3) has a first surface facing away from the antenna backplate (2). The first surface is a transmitting surface or a receiving surface. The core component further includes a first absorbing layer (4), a first high dielectric constant dielectric layer (5), and a second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6). Along the preset direction, the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer (5) and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6) are located on opposite sides of the helical antenna (3). The first high dielectric constant dielectric layer (5) faces the first surface. The second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6) and the first absorbing layer (4) are located between the helical antenna (3) and the antenna backplate (2). The first absorbing layer (4) is located between the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6) and the antenna backplate (2).

2. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna backplate (2) and the helical antenna (3) are electrically connected by a connecting line, which is welded to the first surface and forms a welded part protruding from the first surface; The first high dielectric constant dielectric layer (5) has a receiving groove (51) on the side facing the first surface, and at least a portion of the welded part is received in the receiving groove (51).

3. The sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6) is provided with a first through hole (61), which penetrates the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6) along the preset direction. The first absorbing layer (4) is provided with a second through hole (41), which penetrates the first absorbing layer (4) along the preset direction. The helical antenna (3) is provided with a third through hole (31), which penetrates the helical antenna (3) along the preset direction. The connecting wire passes through the first through hole (61), the second through hole (41), and the third through hole (31).

4. The sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The core component includes a metal housing (7), which includes a bottom wall (71) and a side wall (72). The bottom wall (71) is disposed at one end of the side wall (72) along the preset direction. The side wall (72) has an opening at the end away from the bottom wall (71). The side wall (72) and the bottom wall (71) enclose an accommodating space. The first absorbing layer (4), the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer (5), and the second high dielectric constant dielectric layer (6) are all located within the accommodating space. The inner surface of the bottom wall (71) and the inner surface of the side wall (72) are both provided with a second absorbing layer (8).

5. The sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the bottom wall (71) and the outer surface of the side wall (72) are both provided with a third wave-absorbing layer (9).

6. The sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, A heating element is provided on the side of the antenna back plate (2) away from the helical antenna (3). A spacer (10) is provided between the bottom wall (71) and the antenna back plate (2). The spacer (10) is used to separate the bottom wall (71) and the heating element.

7. The sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metal housing (7) has a flange (721), the sensor includes a clamping member (12), the clamping member (12) is installed inside the housing (1), the housing (1) includes a mounting part (111) disposed opposite to the clamping member (12) along the preset direction, and the flange (721) is sandwiched between the clamping member (12) and the mounting part (111).

8. The sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) is provided with a window (112), and the core component includes a panel (13). The panel (13) is located on the side of the first high dielectric constant dielectric layer (5) away from the helical antenna (3) and closes the window (112). The dielectric loss of the panel (13) is less than that of the outer shell (1). The panel (13) includes a limiting part (131) which is clamped between the clamping member (12) and the mounting part (111).

9. The sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, A fourth wave-absorbing layer (14) is provided between the limiting part (131) and the flange part (721), and / or a fifth wave-absorbing layer (15) is provided between the clamping member (12) and the flange part (721).

10. A sensor assembly, characterized in that, The invention includes two sensors for monitoring lung water as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, one of which is configured as a front sensor (18) and the other as a rear sensor (19), the rear sensor (19) being used to transmit electromagnetic waves through the lungs of a human body to the front sensor (18), and the front sensor (18) being used to receive the electromagnetic waves through the lungs of a human body.

11. The sensor assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The housing of the rear sensor (19) is provided with a fixing part (191) for connecting to the fixing plate (173) on the wearable garment (17).

12. The sensor assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The sensor assembly includes an indicator (181) for determining the position of the front sensor (18), the indicator (181) being detachably connected to the front sensor (18).

13. The sensor assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that, The indicator (181) includes a main body and an annular body connected to the main body, one end of the main body having a snap fastener; The housing (1) of the front sensor (18) has a card interface (182), and the buckle engages with the card interface (182).

14. The sensor assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that, The card interface (182) is located on the outer periphery of the housing (1) of the front sensor (18), and a portion of the main body and the annular body are located on the outside of the housing (1) of the front sensor (18).

15. A lung effusion monitoring system, characterized in that, The lung effusion monitoring system includes the sensor assembly of any one of claims 10 to 14, and further includes a wearable garment (17) and a main unit (16). The wearable garment (17) is provided with a main unit base (171). The front sensor (18) and the rear sensor (19) are both fixed to the wearable garment (17). The front sensor (18) and the rear sensor (19) are both electrically connected to a first circuit board inside the main unit base (171). The control module on the first circuit board is used to analyze lung effusion indicators. The rear sensor (19) is used to emit electromagnetic waves to the human lungs, and the front sensor (18) is used to receive the electromagnetic waves.

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