A structure-multiplexed triple-band dual-polarized terminal antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a structurally reused tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna, comprising a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate connected to the first dielectric substrate via a curing sheet, and the second and third dielectric substrates connected by welding. When operating in the microwave band, it forms a microstrip slot antenna, including a radiating slot, a filter, an electric dipole, and a short-circuit post. When operating in the millimeter-wave band, it forms a magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, including several magnetoelectric dipole elements. The radiating slot and the magnetoelectric dipole elements share an electric dipole, a first metal ground plane, a first slot, a filter, a first short-circuit metal post, and a fourth short-circuit metal post, thus achieving structural reuse. It features an integrated design that achieves dual-band and multi-band coverage, a large frequency ratio, dual polarization, low-frequency omnidirectional radiation, and high-frequency precise beam pointing, while maintaining high isolation between the sub-6G and millimeter-wave antenna ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication antenna technology, and more specifically, to a three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with a multiplexed structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, rapid economic and social development has spurred a greater and more reliable demand for mobile communications. Compared to the previous four generations, fifth-generation mobile communication technology boasts higher speeds, wider bandwidth, higher reliability, and lower latency, meeting the application needs of users and industries in areas such as virtual reality, ultra-high-definition video, intelligent manufacturing, and autonomous driving. 5G emerged from the extensive research and application of 4G, but its advancements over 4G are revolutionary, primarily reflected in: 5G communication speeds are 10 to 100 times faster than 4G, end-to-end latency is reduced by 10 times; network capacity is increased by approximately 1000 times, making the Internet of Things (IoT) based on massive connectivity possible; and 5G antennas have smaller structures, enabling the establishment of numerous micro base stations and increased signal coverage. Based on this, communication terminals, represented by mobile phones, are crucial for realizing mobile communications, and the performance of antennas, as transceivers of radio waves, determines the quality of 5G communication. Currently, 5G terminal antennas have become a research hotspot.

[0003] In existing technologies, high frequency ratio antennas can effectively improve the space utilization of mobile terminals in the manufacturing and use of 5G terminals, saving valuable space, reducing the overall size of the antenna system, and thus lowering the manufacturing cost of the entire wireless system. Therefore, multi-band antennas are widely used in various mobile communication terminals, including portable devices such as smartphones and tablets. However, most existing multi-band antennas operate in microwave bands below 6 GHz for mobile communication. With the rapid development of wireless communication technologies, especially 5G and sub-6G, antennas operating only in low-frequency bands will struggle to meet the demands of future mobile communications.

[0004] In addition, unlike base station antennas, the spatial displacement and cramped internal space of 5G mobile terminals bring the design of miniaturized high frequency ratio antennas into a more complex and difficult situation. In short, the main aspects are as follows: (1) The development of electronic technology has made terminals have more different ports, more internal devices and more complex circuits, so the space utilization of terminal antennas must be higher and higher, and the installation of antennas must take into account the complex electromagnetic environment inside the terminal; (2) According to the direct path loss model of 3GPP TR38.901 in the 0-100GHz band, the free space loss of electromagnetic energy in urban areas is proportional to the carrier frequency. For example, after testing, the path fading of 26GHz signal is about 17dB higher than that of 3.5GHz signal at the same power, and the long-distance propagation loss is very large. Therefore, the terminal antenna needs to provide a very high compensation gain to work normally; (3) In the use of modern mobile terminals, the change of the cellular terminal position will lead to the change of polarization state. For example, the polarization mode of the antenna is different when watching videos in landscape mode and browsing news in portrait mode. Therefore, the terminal antenna is required to provide multiple polarization options to stabilize the antenna link. Therefore, the research and design of broadband miniature dual-polarized high-ratio mobile communication antennas is a current hot topic in the field of electromagnetics and antennas both domestically and internationally.

[0005] Various structural design schemes have been proposed to address the challenges of miniaturizing high frequency ratio antennas and narrow bandwidth in terminals. The most common approach is embedded design, integrating two antenna structures operating in different frequency bands into a single aperture. Additionally, some research employs design concepts such as mode-composite transmission lines or parasitic structure loading, using methods like filter loading or slot structure multiplexing to fuse small-sized millimeter-wave antennas into large-sized sub-6G antennas. However, existing high frequency ratio terminal antenna designs are mostly limited to single polarization, have large sizes, and narrow bandwidths, making it difficult to cover multiple microwave and millimeter-wave communication frequency bands. In the microwave band, to leverage the low-loss advantage of sub-6G, the antenna radiation coverage should be as wide as possible. Furthermore, in the millimeter-wave band, to compensate for signal attenuation due to path loss, the antenna needs higher radiation gain and beam scanning capability to support beamforming and ensure communication link stability. Therefore, how to achieve integrated design of dual-band / multi-band coverage, high frequency ratio, dual polarization, low-frequency omnidirectional radiation and high-frequency precise beam pointing in a compact terminal antenna structure, while maintaining high isolation between sub-6G and millimeter-wave antenna ports, remains one of the key issues that urgently need to be addressed in the design of high-frequency phased array and low-frequency omnidirectional integrated antennas.

[0006] In summary, at least one of the following technical problems exists:

[0007] How to achieve an integrated design of dual-band / multi-band coverage, high frequency ratio, dual polarization, low-frequency omnidirectional radiation and high-frequency precise beam pointing in a compact terminal antenna structure, while maintaining high isolation between sub-6G and millimeter-wave antenna ports. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main objective of this invention is to provide a three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with a reusable structure to solve at least one technical problem in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a structurally multiplexed tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna is provided, comprising: a first dielectric substrate, wherein a second dielectric substrate is connected to the first dielectric substrate via a curing sheet, and the second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate are connected by welding.

[0010] When operating in the microwave frequency band, it constitutes a microstrip slot antenna, which includes a radiating slot, a filter, an electric dipole, and a short-circuit post.

[0011] When operating in the millimeter-wave band, it constitutes a magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, which includes: a plurality of magnetoelectric dipole elements, which are arranged in a straight line to form an array structure;

[0012] The radiation slot and the magnetoelectric dipole unit share the electric dipole, the first metal ground plane, the first slot, the filter, the first short-circuit metal pillar and the fourth short-circuit metal pillar, thus reusing the structure.

[0013] Preferably, the radiation gap includes a first gap, a second gap, and a third gap, wherein the first gap is disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, the third gap is disposed on the side surface of the third dielectric substrate, and the second gap is disposed between the first gap and the third gap.

[0014] Preferably, a first metal ground plane is provided on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, and a second metal ground plane is provided on the side surface of the third dielectric substrate.

[0015] Preferably, the first short-circuit metal post includes four groups, each group including four first short-circuit metal posts, the first short-circuit metal posts are disposed at the edge of the first gap, and the first short-circuit metal posts are used to connect the electric dipole and the first metal ground plane.

[0016] Preferably, the microstrip slot antenna is fed via an SMP connector, which is connected to a first low-frequency fed microstrip line.

[0017] Preferably, the magnetoelectric dipole unit includes an electric dipole and a short-circuited metal pillar magnetic dipole. The electric dipole is a square metal sheet and is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate. The magnetic dipole includes a first short-circuited metal pillar and a first metal ground plane disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0018] Preferably, the magnetoelectric dipole unit adopts a dual-polarization structure, and four magnetoelectric dipole units are arranged in a straight line to form an array. The magnetoelectric dipole unit is fed based on a first gap with an open end. Filters are set on both sides of the first gap, and the filters are connected to the first metal ground plane through a fourth short-circuit metal pillar.

[0019] Preferably, the feeding structure of the magnetoelectric dipole array antenna is a slot coupling structure consisting of an SMP connector, a first high-frequency feeding microstrip line and a second high-frequency feeding microstrip line disposed on the bottom of the second dielectric substrate, and a cross-shaped first slot etched on the first metal ground plane.

[0020] Preferably, the multiplexed millimeter-wave array radiation structure of the microstrip slot antenna includes an electric dipole, a first metal ground plane, a first slot, a filter, a first short-circuited metal pillar, and a fourth short-circuited metal pillar. By multiplexing the first metal ground plane and the first slot, the slot antenna achieves bandwidth expansion; by multiplexing the electric dipole, the filter, the first short-circuited metal pillar, and the fourth short-circuited metal pillar, the slot antenna structure is reduced.

[0021] Preferably, the filter is a high-pass filter and is connected to the first metal ground plane through a fourth short-circuit metal post.

[0022] The technical solution of this invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] By utilizing the structural reuse characteristics of millimeter-wave coupling feed slots and microwave radiation slots, a compact high-ratio terminal antenna is constructed, consisting of a microwave open-slot antenna and a millimeter-wave dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole array. The coupling slot in the millimeter-wave band is used to excite the magnetoelectric dipole array during high-frequency operation, while in the microwave band it acts as a parasitic slot to introduce multiple resonant modes. This achieves the synergistic integration of microwave and millimeter-wave antennas and the expansion of microwave band bandwidth without increasing the space occupied by the terminal antenna.

[0024] The proposed antenna can achieve operating bandwidths of 2.1-3.42GHz and 3.97-5.38GHz in the microwave band, covering Wi-Fi 2.4GHz and multiple 5G NR Sub-6GHz bands, and obtains omnidirectional coverage characteristics suitable for mobile terminals. In the millimeter-wave band, the dual-polarized slot-coupled feed electromagnetic dipole array can cover an operating bandwidth of 20-30GHz and achieve ±45° beam scanning in both polarization states. It has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, high gain, dual polarization and precise beam pointing, meeting the multi-band communication and directional link coverage requirements of mobile terminals.

[0025] The introduced interdigital capacitor structure and magnetoelectric dipole composite loading structure can play a filtering and energy confinement role in the millimeter-wave band, effectively suppressing the leakage of millimeter-wave energy to the microwave feed structure and improving the isolation between the microwave port and the millimeter-wave port. At the same time, in the microwave band, the loading structure is connected across both sides of the slot to form an equivalent parallel loading, which can reduce the resonant frequency of the slot antenna, improve the impedance matching bandwidth while reducing the effective radiation structure size, thereby improving the miniaturization, space utilization and integration performance of the terminal antenna system. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 An exploded view of the overall antenna structure of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with structural reuse according to the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A top view of the first dielectric substrate of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 A bottom view of the first dielectric substrate of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 A top view of the second dielectric substrate of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna in the structure multiplexing;

[0031] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1 A bottom view of the second dielectric substrate of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna in the structure multiplexing;

[0032] Figure 6 It shows Figure 1Side view of the third dielectric substrate of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the high-frequency dual-polarized magnetoelectric monopole antenna array and the low-frequency slot antenna feed port of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with structural reuse.

[0034] Figure 8 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a high-frequency magnetoelectric dipole antenna array for a three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure.

[0035] Figure 9 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a low-frequency slot antenna with a multiplexed high-frequency band antenna structure in a three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna.

[0036] Figure 10 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the structural evolution of a low-frequency slot antenna with a structured reused three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna.

[0037] Figure 11 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the bandwidth performance optimization process of a three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with structural reuse in low-frequency slot antennas.

[0038] Figure 12 It shows Figure 1 Simulation and test results of the S-parameters of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with structural reuse in the microwave band are shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 13 It shows Figure 1 Simulation and test results of the gain of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the microwave band are shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 14 It shows Figure 1 The results of the main polarization and cross-polarization tests of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure at 2.4 GHz in the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns are shown.

[0041] Figure 15 It shows Figure 1 The results of the main polarization and cross-polarization tests of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure at 4.8 GHz in the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns are shown.

[0042] Figure 16 It shows Figure 1 The first simulation results of the S-parameters of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the millimeter-wave band are shown in the figure.

[0043] Figure 17 It shows Figure 1 The second simulation result of the S-parameters of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the millimeter-wave band is shown in the figure.

[0044] Figure 18 It shows Figure 1 The first test results of the S-parameters of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the millimeter-wave band are shown in the figure.

[0045] Figure 19 It shows Figure 1 The second test result of the S-parameters of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the millimeter-wave band is shown in the figure.

[0046] Figure 20 It shows Figure 1 Simulation and test results of the gain of the three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure in the millimeter-wave band are shown in the figure.

[0047] Figure 21 It shows Figure 1 Simulation and test results of horizontal and vertical polarization beam scanning patterns of a three-band dual-polarization terminal antenna with multiplexed structure at 24 GHz.

[0048] Figure 22 It shows Figure 1 Simulation and test results of the horizontal and vertical polarization beam scanning patterns of the three-band dual-polarization terminal antenna with multiplexed structure at 24 GHz.

[0049] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0050] First dielectric substrate 1; Second dielectric substrate 2; Third dielectric substrate 3; Cured wafer 4; SMP connector 5; Electric dipole 101; First metal ground plane 102; First slot 103; First short-circuit metal pillar 10; First high-frequency fed microstrip line 201; Second high-frequency fed microstrip line 202; First low-frequency fed microstrip line 203; Second short-circuit metal pillar 204; Third short-circuit metal pillar 205; Matching load 206; Filter 207; Fourth short-circuit metal pillar 208; Second slot 301; Third slot 302; Second metal ground plane 303; Second low-frequency fed microstrip line 304. Detailed Implementation

[0051] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 22As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with a reusable structure, comprising: a first dielectric substrate 1, wherein the first dielectric substrate 1 is connected to a second dielectric substrate 2 via a curing sheet 4, and the second dielectric substrate 2 and a third dielectric substrate 3 are connected by welding; when operating in the microwave band, it constitutes a microstrip slot antenna, the microstrip slot antenna including a radiating slot, a filter 207, an electric dipole 101, and a short-circuit post; when operating in the millimeter-wave band, it constitutes a magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, the magnetoelectric dipole array antenna including: a plurality of magnetoelectric dipole elements, the magnetoelectric dipole elements being arranged in a straight line to form an array structure; the radiating slot and the magnetoelectric dipole elements share the electric dipole 101, the first metal ground plane 102, the first slot 103, the filter 207, the first short-circuit metal post 10, and the fourth short-circuit metal post 208, thus achieving structural reusability.

[0053] In this embodiment, the radiating slot includes a first slot 103, a second slot 301, and a third slot 302. The first slot 103 is disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, the third slot 302 is disposed on the side surface of the third dielectric substrate 3, and the second slot 301 is disposed between the first slot 103 and the third slot 302. A first metal ground plane 102 is disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, and a second metal ground plane 303 is disposed on the side surface of the third dielectric substrate 3. The first short-circuit metal pillars 10 include four groups, each group including four first short-circuit metal pillars 10. The first short-circuit metal pillars 10 are disposed at the edge of the first slot 103, and the first short-circuit metal pillars 10 are used to connect the electric dipole 101 and the first metal ground plane 102. The microstrip slot antenna is fed through an SMP connector 5, which is connected to a first low-frequency fed microstrip line 203. The magnetoelectric dipole unit includes an electric dipole 101 and a short-circuited metal pillar magnetic dipole. The electric dipole 101 is a square metal sheet disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1. The magnetic dipole includes a first short-circuited metal pillar 10 and a first metal ground plane 102 disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1. The magnetoelectric dipole unit adopts a dual-polarization structure, with four magnetoelectric dipole units arranged in a straight line to form an array. The magnetoelectric dipole units are fed by coupling based on a first slot 103 with an open end. Filters 207 are disposed on both sides of the first slot 103, and the filters 207 are connected to the first metal ground plane 102 through a fourth short-circuited metal pillar 208. The feeding structure of the magnetoelectric dipole array antenna is a slot coupling structure composed of an SMP connector 5, a first high-frequency feeding microstrip line 201 and a second high-frequency feeding microstrip line 202 disposed at the bottom of the second dielectric substrate 2, and a cross-shaped first slot 103 etched on the first metal ground plane 102. The multiplexed millimeter-wave array radiation structure of the microstrip slot antenna includes an electric dipole 101, a first metallic ground plane 102, a first slot 103, a filter 207, a first short-circuited metallic pillar 10, and a fourth short-circuited metallic pillar 208. By multiplexing the first metallic ground plane 102 and the first slot 103, the slot antenna bandwidth is extended; by multiplexing the electric dipole 101, filter 207, first short-circuited metallic pillar 10, and fourth short-circuited metallic pillar 208, the slot antenna structure is reduced. The filter 207 is a high-pass filter and is connected to the first metallic ground plane 102 via the fourth short-circuited metallic pillar 208.

[0054] In this embodiment, the antenna consists of multiple dielectric substrates and a solidified sheet 4. A microstrip slot antenna is used to achieve broadband omnidirectional coverage in the microwave band, while a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole linear array achieves ±45° beam scanning in the side-firing direction in the millimeter-wave band. The microwave slot antenna structure reuses the metal sheet, short-circuit post, coupling slot, and metal ground plane of the millimeter-wave antenna, achieving both improved microwave slot antenna performance and common-aperture integration of dual-band radiating elements, structural sharing between low-frequency and high-frequency channels, and high isolation. This solution combines miniaturization, broadband, multi-polarization in the millimeter-wave band, high gain, and precise beam pointing, making it suitable for the microwave and millimeter-wave application requirements in various 5G mobile communication scenarios.

[0055] In this embodiment, three dielectric substrates are included, sequentially comprising: a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, and a third dielectric substrate 3. The first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are bonded together by a curing sheet 4, and the second dielectric substrate 2 and the third dielectric substrate 3 are connected by soldering. An SMP connector 5 is connected to the surface-fed microstrip line via soldering. The antenna achieves omnidirectional coverage in the microwave band using a microstrip slot antenna, comprising: a metal ground plane, open-circuit slots, and millimeter-wave antennas and filters 207 loaded on the slots. The metal ground plane is jointly formed by a first metal ground plane 102 disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 and a second metal ground plane 303 disposed on the third dielectric substrate 3. The radiating slots are jointly formed by multiple cross-shaped coupling slots disposed on the first metal ground plane 102, multiple open-circuit slots disposed on the second metal ground plane 303, and a straight slot between the two. The microwave band antenna reuses the millimeter-wave antenna coupling slots, which can excite additional resonant modes and achieve bandwidth expansion. The millimeter-wave antenna array and filter 207 are arranged on both sides of the radiating slot in a loading structure, connected to the first metal ground plane 102 by short-circuited metal pillars. The loading structure shifts the operating frequency of the microwave slot antenna to a lower frequency, achieving miniaturization. The microstrip slot antenna is fed to the radiating slot using microstrip lines connected by SMP connector 5. The antenna uses a magnetoelectric dipole array to achieve broadband operation and high-gain beam scanning in the millimeter-wave band. It consists of multiple magnetoelectric dipole elements arranged in a straight line to form a 4-element array structure.

[0056] In this embodiment, the magnetoelectric dipole unit includes a metal electric dipole 101 and a metal pillar magnetic dipole structure. The electric dipole 101 is a metal sheet structure disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1. The magnetic dipole is composed of a first metal ground plane 102 disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 and a short-circuited metal pillar. The magnetoelectric dipole unit can achieve dual-polarization operation, including horizontal and vertical polarization. The array is arranged in a straight line. The linear array is excited by slot coupling excitation, and beam control is achieved by adjusting the phase difference between the ports. The high-frequency array is fed by using the SMP connector 5 to excite the microstrip transmission line at the bottom of the second dielectric substrate 2, and then feeding the magnetoelectric dipole unit through the cross-shaped open-circuit slot etched by the first metal ground plane 102. Each time a single polarization of the dual-polarization high-frequency array is fed, all ports of the other polarization are matched with the load 206 by soldering metal tin, which can avoid affecting the test results. The filter 207 structure exhibits high-pass characteristics. The high-frequency filter 207 simulates a short circuit, confining the millimeter-wave energy within the cross-coupled slot to ensure the normal operation of the high-frequency antenna array. The low-frequency filter 207 exhibits a loading effect on the microstrip slot antenna, which, combined with the loading effect of the high-frequency antenna structure on the low-frequency antenna, achieves a reduction in the lateral dimension of the microstrip slot antenna structure.

[0057] Specifically, the antenna includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, and a third dielectric substrate 3, as well as a curing sheet 4. The dielectric substrates are bonded or welded to each other and to the metal plate using the curing sheet 4 to form an overall three-dimensional structure. The thickness of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 1.575 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 0.254 mm, and the thickness of the third dielectric substrate 3 is 0.168 mm. The first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are bonded together using the curing sheet 4. The second dielectric substrate 2 and the third dielectric substrate 3 are placed vertically and conformally to the frame of various mobile terminals, and are firmly soldered together using tin. SMP connectors 5 are used for both microwave and millimeter-wave band feeding of the antenna. In the millimeter-wave band, a linear array of magnetoelectric dipole units composed of magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles 101 is used to achieve side-firing beam scanning. The electric dipole 101 is a square metal structure located on top of the first dielectric substrate 1. The magnetic dipole is composed of a first short-circuited metal pillar 10, which is located at the edge of the first gap 103 and penetrates the first dielectric substrate 1, connecting the top electric dipole 101 and the first metal ground plane 102.

[0058] Specifically, the magnetoelectric dipole unit adopts a dual-polarization design, with four high-frequency antenna elements arranged linearly and an element spacing of 5.6 mm. The feeding system employs a microstrip line-cross-slot-magnetoelectric dipole structure: millimeter-wave signals are input via SMP connector 5, transmitted along the first high-frequency feeding microstrip line 201 or the second high-frequency feeding microstrip line 202, and coupled and excited through the first open-ended slot 103 etched on the first metal ground plane 102 on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1. The SMP probe is connected to the feeding microstrip line by soldering, and the SMP's outer metal conductor is connected to the first metal ground plane 102 via a second short-circuit metal post 204. The millimeter-wave band has eight ports across two polarizations. Each time a feeding test is performed on the four microstrip feed lines of a single polarization of the dual-polarization high-frequency array, the four microstrip feed lines of the other polarization are soldered to a matching load 206 and grounded via a third short-circuit metal post 205, thus avoiding any impact on the test results. The filter 207 is placed on both sides of the first slot 103 and connected to the first metal ground plane 102 through the fourth short-circuit metal post 208 to suppress energy leakage caused by the open circuit at the end of the slot and ensure that the high-frequency antenna works normally.

[0059] Specifically, in the microwave band, bandwidth expansion and miniaturization are achieved by using slot multiplexing and loading filters 207 and short-circuit pillars. Its ground plane is jointly formed by a first metal ground plane 102 located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 and a second metal ground plane 303 located on the side of the third dielectric substrate 3. Its radiation slots are composed of a first slot 103 located on the first metal ground plane 102, a third slot 302 located on the second metal ground plane 303, and a second slot 301 between the first and second metal ground planes 102 and 303. The width of the first slot 103 is 0.2 mm, and the widths of the second and third slots 301 and 302 are both 1.2 mm. Furthermore, to achieve miniaturization, four sets of filters 207 (two filters per set, totaling eight) and their fourth short-circuit metal pillars 208, arranged on both sides of the first slot 103, are multiplexed, as are the electric dipole 101 and the first short-circuit metal pillar 10 of the millimeter-wave band. The microstrip slot antenna is fed by an SMP connector 5 soldered to the first low-frequency feed microstrip line 203 using a center probe. The outer metal conductor of the SMP is connected to the first metal ground plane 102 via a second short-circuit metal post 204. By multiplexing the first metal ground plane 102 and the first slot 103, a new resonant mode is introduced. In this embodiment, the -6dB matching bandwidth of the slot antenna is extended from 7.7-9.1GHz to 2.7-3.4GHz and 7.3-9.4GHz. Figure 7By multiplexing the electric dipole 101, filter 207, first short-circuited metal pillar 10 and fourth short-circuited metal pillar 208, and utilizing the loading effect, the original -6dB matching bandwidth of the slot antenna in this embodiment is reduced from 2.7-3.4GHz and 7.3-9.4GHz to 2.3-3.4GHz and 3.9-4.9GHz, achieving miniaturization.

[0060] Specifically, this embodiment presents the test and simulation results of a compact dual-polarized three-band terminal antenna with a reusable structure in the microwave band. The -6dB impedance bandwidth covers 2.1-3.4GHz (relative bandwidth 47.3%) and 4-5.4GHz (relative bandwidth 29.8%), with an in-band gain range of 0.5~3.1dBi. The tested radiation patterns at 2.4GHz and 4.8GHz are basically consistent with the simulation results, exhibiting stable radiation characteristics.

[0061] Specifically, this embodiment presents the test and simulation results of a compact, dual-polarized, three-band terminal antenna with a reusable structure in the millimeter-wave band. The -10dB impedance bandwidth covers 19.8-30GHz (relative bandwidth 41%), and the in-band gain ranges from 9.7 to 12.1dBi. The test pattern at the center frequency of 24GHz is essentially consistent with the simulation, and the antenna has a 3dB beam scanning range of ±45°.

[0062] In summary, this invention utilizes the frequency selectivity of the filter 207 structure to achieve multiplexing of the high-frequency feed slot while ensuring the normal operation of the high-frequency antenna, thereby exciting new radiation modes and extending the low-frequency bandwidth. Furthermore, by leveraging the loading characteristics of the filter 207 and the high-frequency antenna on the low-frequency antenna, miniaturization of the low-frequency slot antenna is achieved. It possesses advantages such as compact structure, microwave bandwidth, dual polarization in the millimeter-wave band, high bandwidth, high gain, and beam controllability, making it a powerful technical solution for achieving dual-polarization, high-frequency-ratio broadband transmission in future wireless communication systems.

[0063] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0064] By utilizing the structural reuse characteristics of millimeter-wave coupling feed slots and microwave radiation slots, a compact high-ratio terminal antenna is constructed, consisting of a microwave open-slot antenna and a millimeter-wave dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole array. The coupling slot in the millimeter-wave band is used to excite the magnetoelectric dipole array during high-frequency operation, while in the microwave band it acts as a parasitic slot to introduce multiple resonant modes. This achieves the synergistic integration of microwave and millimeter-wave antennas and the expansion of microwave band bandwidth without increasing the space occupied by the terminal antenna.

[0065] The proposed antenna can achieve operating bandwidths of 2.1-3.42GHz and 3.97-5.38GHz in the microwave band, covering Wi-Fi 2.4GHz and multiple 5G NR Sub-6GHz bands, and obtains omnidirectional coverage characteristics suitable for mobile terminals. In the millimeter-wave band, the dual-polarized slot-coupled feed electromagnetic dipole array can cover an operating bandwidth of 20-30GHz and achieve ±45° beam scanning in both polarization states. It has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, high gain, dual polarization and precise beam pointing, meeting the multi-band communication and directional link coverage requirements of mobile terminals.

[0066] The introduced interdigital capacitor structure and magnetoelectric dipole composite loading structure can play a filtering and energy confinement role in the millimeter-wave band, effectively suppressing the leakage of millimeter-wave energy to the microwave feed structure and improving the isolation between the microwave port and the millimeter-wave port. At the same time, in the microwave band, the loading structure is connected across both sides of the slot to form an equivalent parallel loading, which can reduce the resonant frequency of the slot antenna, improve the impedance matching bandwidth while reducing the effective radiation structure size, thereby improving the miniaturization, space utilization and integration performance of the terminal antenna system.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structurally multiplexed tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna, characterized in that, include: A first dielectric substrate, wherein a second dielectric substrate is connected to the first dielectric substrate via a curing sheet, and the second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate are connected by soldering; When operating in the microwave frequency band, it constitutes a microstrip slot antenna, which includes a radiating slot, a filter, an electric dipole, and a short-circuit post. When operating in the millimeter-wave band, it constitutes a magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, which includes: a plurality of magnetoelectric dipole elements, which are arranged in a straight line to form an array structure; The radiation slot and the magnetoelectric dipole unit share the electric dipole, the first metal ground plane, the first slot, the filter, the first short-circuit metal pillar and the fourth short-circuit metal pillar, thus reusing the structure.

2. The structurally multiplexed tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation slit includes a first slit, a second slit, and a third slit. The first slit is disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, the third slit is disposed on the side of the third dielectric substrate, and the second slit is disposed between the first slit and the third slit.

3. The structurally multiplexed tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first metal ground plane is provided on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, and a second metal ground plane is provided on the side surface of the third dielectric substrate.

4. The three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first short-circuit metal post includes four groups, each group including four first short-circuit metal posts. The first short-circuit metal posts are disposed at the edge of the first gap and are used to connect the electric dipole and the first metal ground plane.

5. The three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip slot antenna is fed through an SMP connector, which is connected to a first low-frequency fed microstrip line.

6. The structurally multiplexed tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetoelectric dipole unit includes an electric dipole and a short-circuited metal pillar magnetic dipole. The electric dipole is a square metal sheet and is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate. The magnetic dipole includes a first short-circuited metal pillar and a first metal ground plane disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate.

7. The three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetoelectric dipole unit adopts a dual-polarization structure. Four magnetoelectric dipole units are arranged in a straight line to form an array. The magnetoelectric dipole unit is fed by coupling based on the first gap with an open end. Filters are set on both sides of the first gap. The filters are connected to the first metal ground plane through the fourth short-circuit metal pillar.

8. The three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding structure of the magnetoelectric dipole array antenna is a slot coupling structure consisting of an SMP connector, a first high-frequency feeding microstrip line and a second high-frequency feeding microstrip line disposed on the bottom of the second dielectric substrate, and a cross-shaped first slot etched on the first metal ground plane.

9. The three-band dual-polarized terminal antenna with multiplexed structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multiplexed millimeter-wave array radiation structure of the microstrip slot antenna includes an electric dipole, a first metal ground plane, a first slot, a filter, a first short-circuited metal pillar, and a fourth short-circuited metal pillar. By multiplexing the first metal ground plane and the first slot, the slot antenna bandwidth is extended; by multiplexing the electric dipole, the filter, the first short-circuited metal pillar, and the fourth short-circuited metal pillar, the slot antenna structure is reduced.

10. The structurally multiplexed tri-band dual-polarized terminal antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filter is a high-pass filter and is connected to the first metal ground plane through a fourth short-circuit metal post.

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